CN101155902A - 油脂组合物 - Google Patents
油脂组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101155902A CN101155902A CNA2006800112551A CN200680011255A CN101155902A CN 101155902 A CN101155902 A CN 101155902A CN A2006800112551 A CNA2006800112551 A CN A2006800112551A CN 200680011255 A CN200680011255 A CN 200680011255A CN 101155902 A CN101155902 A CN 101155902A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- oil composition
- charged ion
- ionic liquid
- carbonatoms
- formula
- Prior art date
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- Granted
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 isobutyl- Chemical group 0.000 description 84
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 66
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 21
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000002769 thiazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 10
- KAIPKTYOBMEXRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-3-methyl-2h-imidazole Chemical compound CCCCN1CN(C)C=C1 KAIPKTYOBMEXRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanolamine Chemical compound NCCCO WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentanoic acid group Chemical group C(CCCC)(=O)O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nonene Chemical compound CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-decene Natural products CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1 RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ASUDFOJKTJLAIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethanamine Chemical compound COCCN ASUDFOJKTJLAIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HXDOZKJGKXYMEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethylphenol Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 HXDOZKJGKXYMEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000254 damaging effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005908 glyceryl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MOYKHGMNXAOIAT-JGWLITMVSA-N isosorbide dinitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[C@H]1CO[C@@H]2[C@H](O[N+](=O)[O-])CO[C@@H]21 MOYKHGMNXAOIAT-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000201 isosorbide dinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- LVZUNTGFCXNQAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-nonyl-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(CCCCCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LVZUNTGFCXNQAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RQVGZVZFVNMBGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octyl-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(CCCCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 RQVGZVZFVNMBGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229940059574 pentaerithrityl Drugs 0.000 description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCN DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005591 trimellitate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- INKXYFUMUBZQKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4-triethylphenyl) dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(CC)=C1CC INKXYFUMUBZQKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWQPWOQUXSQDNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4-trimethylphenyl) dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(C)=C1C KWQPWOQUXSQDNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNIJZQYSYZQFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3-dibutylphenyl) dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC(OP(O)(O)=O)=C1CCCC NNIJZQYSYZQFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJGRISHVPBEHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3-dipropylphenyl) dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=CC(OP(O)(O)=O)=C1CCC OJGRISHVPBEHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoroethene Chemical group FC=C(F)F MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGUHFDPGDQDVGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-thiadiazole Chemical class C1=CSN=N1 UGUHFDPGDQDVGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydrostilbene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004869 1,3,4-thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIIXMZQZEAAIJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-amino-3-phenylpropan-2-ol Chemical compound NCC(O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JIIXMZQZEAAIJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIXJLJIOHUCFAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminododecan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)CN VIXJLJIOHUCFAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHJOEPMHSNXADF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminoicosan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)CN GHJOEPMHSNXADF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REACWASHYHDPSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butylpyridin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 REACWASHYHDPSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexanamine Chemical compound CCCCCCN BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGVGZVWOOMIJRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexyl-3-methyl-2h-imidazole Chemical compound CCCCCCN1CN(C)C=C1 WGVGZVWOOMIJRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVXGKJYMVLJYCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-di(nonyl)-N-phenylaniline Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCC)C=1C(=C(C=CC1)NC1=CC=CC=C1)CCCCCCCCC QVXGKJYMVLJYCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpent-1-ene Chemical group CC(=C)CC(C)(C)C FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIFHTUIYFKXCAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dioctylamino)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(CCO)CCCCCCCC BIFHTUIYFKXCAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GVNHOISKXMSMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[butyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCN(CCO)CCO GVNHOISKXMSMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CYQAYERJWZKYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentasulfide Chemical compound S1P(S2)(=S)SP3(=S)SP1(=S)SP2(=S)S3 CYQAYERJWZKYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRIXEEBVZRZHOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O KRIXEEBVZRZHOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004867 thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/02—Mixtures of base-materials and thickeners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/56—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
本发明的目的在于提供即使在高温环境下中使用仍具有长寿命和优异的低挥发性,并且不燃的油脂组合物。本发明提供一种油脂组合物,其包含由阳离子与阴离子构成、在20℃测定的离子浓度为1mol/dm3以上的离子性液体作为基油,并且包含滴点为260℃以上的增稠剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及油脂组合物,更详细地说,涉及在高温下可以长期使用、且挥发性低、不燃的油脂组合物。
背景技术
伴随着设备的进步及人们对无需维护的意识的提高,使用油脂的润滑的使用条件越来越严酷。特别是在高温环境下长期稳定的油脂组合物直接与设备的寿命延长相关,因此需要提高其性能。
另外,在近年来进步惊人的电子仪器部件及其制造设备中,油脂分解物引起的污染成为问题,因此需要有低挥发性的油脂组合物。
作为在高温环境下仍具有长寿命的油脂组合物,已有人提出了以偏苯三酸酯为基油的油脂(参照例如专利文献1~3)、以烷基取代的二苯基醚为基油的油脂(参照例如专利文献4)。另外,还提出了以甲基硅酮、甲基苯基硅酮为基油的油脂、以全氟烷基聚醚(以下称“PFAE”)为基油的油脂等。其中,以PFAE为基油的油脂在高温下具有长寿命,多用在气氛温度超过200℃的环境下。
然而,由于在更高温度的环境下,以PFAE为基油的油脂的氟化油分解,其使用条件受到限制。因此,目前的对策是缩短油脂的补给周期或者缩短部件的更换周期。
此外,虽然上述在高温环境下仍具有长寿命的油脂组合物、特别是以PFAE为基油的油脂具有在达到某一温度前难以分解的特征,作为低挥发性油脂仍是有效的,但其性能仍然不足,需要在更高温度的环境下仍具有低挥发性的油脂组合物。
再者,虽然多数油脂组合物相当于消防法上的非危险物,但在用于接触明火的环境或接触高温金属的用途等时,使用以碳、氢和氧为主成分的基油的油脂会发生燃烧。而且,使用不燃性基油的油脂,即以PFAE为基油的油脂,可能因高温而分解产生有毒气体;以硅酮油为基油的油脂,虽然没有这一问题,但存在边界润滑区域的润滑性差的问题。
专利文献1:日本特公平7-45677号公报
专利文献2:日本特开平11-131082号公报
专利文献3:日本特开平7-109480号公报
专利文献4:日本特开平3-28299号公报
发明内容
本发明是在这种状况下进行的,目的在于提供即使在高温环境下使用仍具有长寿命和优异的低挥发性,并且不燃的油脂组合物。
为了达到上述目的,发明人等进行了深入的研究,结果发现通过将具有特定结构的离子性流体与特定的增稠剂组合能够解决上述课题。本发明正是基于这一发现完成的。
即,本发明提供一种油脂组合物,其包含由阳离子与阴离子构成、在20℃测定的离子浓度为1mol/dm3以上的离子性液体作为基油,并且包含滴点为260℃以上的增稠剂。
根据本发明,可以获得即使在高温环境下、特别是在250℃以上的高温环境下使用仍具有长寿命和优异的低挥发性,并且不燃的油脂组合物。
实施发明的最佳方式
本发明的油脂组合物的特征在于:包含由阳离子和阴离子构成、在20℃测定的离子浓度为1mol/dm3以上的离子性液体作为基油。为了获得不含水或其他溶剂、仅由阳离子和阴离子形成的高离子气氛和静电相互作用,离子浓度需要为1mol/dm3以上,优选1.5mol/dm3以上,更优选2mol/dm3以上。此处离子浓度是指在离子性液体中,按[密度(g/cm3)/分子量MW(g/mol)]×1000算出的值。
本发明的油脂组合物优选包含10~100%质量总酸值为1mgKOH/g以下的离子性液体作为基油,离子性液体可以使用由如下通式表示的物质:
(Zp+)k(Λq-)m
式中Zp+为阳离子,Aq-为阴离子,p、q、k、m、p×k和q×m
分别为1~3的整数,满足p×k=q×m,当k或m为2以上时,
Z或A可以分别相同或不同,
在本发明中,优选上式中的p、q、k和m为2以下,更优选包含10~100%质量p、q、k和m为1、由通式Z+A-(Z+为阳离子,A-为阴离子)表示的离子性液体。在本发明的油脂组合物中,优选上述离子性液体的含量为50~100%质量,更优选70~100%质量,特别优选90~100%质量。
上述阳离子(Z+)优选由如下通式表示:
式中R1~ R12为选自氢原子、可具有醚键的碳原子数1~18的烷基以及碳原子数1~18的烷氧基的基团,R1~R12可以相同或不同,
R1~R12的可具有醚键的碳原子数1~18的烷基可以例举甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、各种戊基、各种己基、各种庚基、各种辛基、2-甲氧基乙基等。碳原子数1~18的烷氧基可以例举甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基、叔丁氧基、各种戊氧基、各种庚氧基、各种辛氧基等。本发明中优选碳原子数1~10的烷基。
上述阳离子(Z+)中,更优选如下通式表示的阳离子:
式中R1~R12与上述相同。
上述阴离子(A-)优选例如BF4 -、PF6 -、CnH(2n+1)OSO3 -、(CnF(2n+1- x)Hx)SO3 -、(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)COO-、NO3 -、CH3SO3 -、(CN)2N-、HSO3 -、C6H5SO3 -、CH3(C6H4)SO3 -、I-、I3 -、F(HF)n -、((CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)Y1Oz)3C-、((CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)Y1Oz)2N-(式中Y1表示碳原子或硫原子,Y1为多个时它们可以相同或不同,多个(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)Y1Oz可以相同或不同,n为1~6的整数,x为0~13的整数,z在Y1为碳原子的情况下为1~3的整数,在Y1为硫原子的情况下为0~4的整数)、B(CmY2 (2m+1))4 -、P(CmY2 (2m+1))6 -(式中Y2表示氢原子或氟原子,Y2为多个时它们可以相同或不同,多个(CmY2 (2m+1))可以相同或不同,m为0~6的整数)以及如下通式表示的阴离子,
式中R13~R17为选自氢原子和(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)的基团,R13~R17可以相同或不同,n和x与上述相同,
这些阴离子中特别优选包含氟原子的阴离子。
上述阴离子(A-)中,更优选PF6 -、CnH(2n+1)OSO3 -、(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)SO3 -、(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)COO-、NO3 -、CH3SO3 -、(CN)2N-、HSO3 -、((CnF(2n+1- x)Hx)Y1Oz)2N-(式中Y1表示碳原子或硫原子,Y1为多个时它们可以相同或不同,n为1~6的整数、x为0~13的整数,z在Y1为碳原子的情况下为1~3的整数,在Y1为硫原子的情况下为0~4的整数)以及上述通式表示的阴离子,特别优选CnH(2n+1)OSO3 -、(CnF(2n+1- x)Hx)SO3 -、(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)COO-、NO3 -、CH3SO3 -、(CN)2N-、HSO3 -(式中n为1~6的整数,x为0~13的整数)以及上述通式表示的阴离子。
作为基油使用的由通式(Zp+)k(Aq-)m表示的离子性液体可以例举由如下通式表示的物质:
式中M为选自H+、LI+、Na+、K+、Pb+以及Cs+的阳离子,n为0~18的整数。
作为基油使用的由通式Z+A-表示的离子性液体具体可以例举:四氟硼酸1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑、六氟硼酸1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑、六氟磷酸1-己基-3-甲基咪唑、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺、四氟硼酸烷基吡啶、六氟磷酸烷基吡啶、烷基吡啶双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺、四氟硼酸烷基铵、六氟磷酸烷基铵、烷基铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺、四氟硼酸N,N-二乙基-N-甲基(2-甲氧基乙基)铵、六氟磷酸N,N-二乙基-N-甲基(2-甲氧基乙基)铵以及N,N-二乙基-N-甲基(2-甲氧基乙基)铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺等。这些离子性液体可以一种单独使用或两种以上组合使用。使用总酸值超过1mgKOH/g的离子性液体时,优选将两种以上离子性液体组合使用以使总酸值为1mgKOH/g以下。
在本发明中,优选六氟磷酸烷基吡啶、烷基吡啶双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺、六氟磷酸烷基铵、烷基铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺、六氟磷酸N,N-二乙基-N-甲基(2-甲氧基乙基)铵以及N,N-二乙基-N-甲基(2-甲氧基乙基)铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺。
作为基油,如果使用两种以上离子性液体的混合物,则可以得到物性(粘度指数、流动点等)大为改善的油脂组合物。这种情况下,混合比例可以是任意的,但从混合产生的效果来看,优选各离子性液体的配合量基于混合物为10%质量以上。该混合物可以例举包含一种Z+和两种以上A-的混合物、包含两种以上Z+和一种A-的混合物以及包含两种以上Z+和两种以上A-的混合物。
具体可以例举:四氟硼酸1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑与1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺的混合物、六氟磷酸烷基吡啶与烷基吡啶双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺的混合物、烷基铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺与1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺的混合物、四氟硼酸1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑与N,N-二乙基-N-甲基(2-甲氧基乙基)铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺的混合物、六氟磷酸1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑与N,N-二乙基-N-甲基(2-甲氧基乙基)铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺的混合物、N,N-二乙基-N-甲基(2-甲氧基乙基)铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺与四氟硼酸烷基吡啶的混合物以及N,N-二乙基-N-甲基(2-甲氧基乙基)铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺与六氟磷酸烷基吡啶的混合物等。
其中,优选四氟硼酸1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑与N,N-二乙基-N-甲基(2-甲氧基乙基)铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺的混合物、六氟磷酸1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑与N,N-二乙基-N-甲基(2-甲氧基乙基)铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺的混合物、N,N-二乙基-N-甲(2-甲氧基乙基)铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺与四氟硼酸烷基吡啶的混合物以及N,N-二乙基-N-甲基(2-甲氧基乙基)铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺与六氟磷酸烷基吡啶的混合物。
作为基油,如果使用不包含如下通式表示的阳离子(咪唑离子)、F-、Cl-、Br-以及BF4 -的离子性液体,
式中R1~R5为选自氢原予、可具有醚键的碳原子数1~18的烷基以及碳原子数1~18的烷氧基的基团,R1~R5可以相同或不同,
就可以获得无毒性和腐食性的油脂组合物。这种离子性液体具体可以例举:六氟磷酸烷基吡啶、烷基吡啶双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺、六氟磷酸烷基铵、烷基铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺、六氟磷酸N,N-二乙基-N-甲基(2-甲氧基乙基)铵以及N,N-二乙基-N-甲基(2-甲氧基乙基)铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺等。
其中,优选烷基吡啶双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺、烷基铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺以及N,N-二乙基-N-甲(2-甲氧基乙基)铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺。
在本发明中,作为基油可以使用由阳离子和阴离子以共价键固定的两性离子型构成、总酸值为1mgKOH/g以下的离子性液体。在本发明的油脂组合物中,该离子性液体的含量为10~100%质量,优选50~100%质量,更优选70~100%质量,特别优选90~100%质量。
该离子性液体例如为如下通式表示的液体:
式中R1~R12是选自氢原子、可具有醚键的碳原子数1~18的烷基以及碳原子数1~18的烷氧基的基团,R1~R12可以相同或不同,条件是R1~R12的至少一个具有-(CH2)n-SO3 -或-(CH2)n-COO-,其中n为0以上的整数,以使烷基的碳原子数为1~18,
具体可以例举1-甲基-1,3-咪唑-N-丁磺酸盐以及N,N-二乙基-N-甲基铵-N-丁磺酸盐等。
从涂布油脂组合物的材料的防腐食角度考虑,要求上述离子性液体的总酸值为1mgKOH/g以下,优选0.5mgKOH/g以下,更优选0.3mgKOH/g以下。
从抑制蒸发损失和由粘性阻力引起的动力损失的角度考虑,上述离子性液体在40℃的动态粘度优选1~1,000mm2/s,更优选2~320mm2/s,进一步优选5~100mm2/s。
从抑制低温时粘性阻力增大的角度考虑,上述离子性液体的流动点优选-10℃以下,更优选-20℃以下,进一步优选-30℃以下。
从减少基油的蒸发量考虑,上述离子性液体的闪点优选200℃以上,更优选250℃以上,进一步优选300℃以上。
从粘度相对于温度不会变化过大的角度考虑,上述离子性液体的粘度指数优选80以上,更优选100以上,进一步优选120以上。
本发明的油脂组合物的特征在于:包含滴点为260℃以上的增稠剂。此处滴点是指油脂融解,因自重而开始滴下的温度,在本发明中是依据JIS K2220-2003 8.测定的值。若增稠剂的滴点为260℃以上,即使在高温下也不会液化,可以充分发挥作为油脂的功能。增稠剂的滴点优选为280℃以上,更优选300℃以上。
在本发明中,只要是滴点为260℃以上的增稠剂就没有特别限定,优选脲增稠剂、氟树脂增稠剂、无机增稠剂、碳增稠剂等非皂类增稠剂。与皂类增稠剂相比,非皂类增稠剂容易油脂化,而且长期暴露于250℃以上的高温下也难以发生变质,可以获得作为高温用油脂的各方面取得平衡的性能。
脲增稠剂可以使用任何现有技术公知的脲增稠剂,具体可以例举双脲、三脲、四脲化合物等,以及脲·氨基甲酸酯化合物等。
氟树脂增稠剂可以例举聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、三氟乙烯树脂等,优选聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)。
无机增稠剂可以例举二氧化硅凝胶;蒙脱石、膨润土等粘土矿物;氮化硼等,特别优选以经有机处理的粘土矿物为主成分的无机增稠剂。
碳增稠剂可以例举石墨;富勒烯;碳黑;碳纳米管、碳纳米线圈、碳纳米丝、碳纳米角等碳纳米物质等。
此外,也可以使用对苯二甲酸钠等非皂类增稠剂。
上述非皂类增稠剂中,特别是从在250℃以上的高温下的长期稳定性的角度考虑,优选无机增稠剂和碳增稠剂。
本发明的油脂组合物中,优选上述增稠剂的含量为3~50%质量。容易获得在该范围内的油脂多用的稠度。从以上角度考虑,增稠剂的含量更优选6~25%质量的范围。上述增稠剂可以一种单独使用或者两种以上组合使用。
在不损害本发明效果的范围内,本发明的油脂组合物中可以结合使用添加剂,添加剂可以例举抗氧化剂、油性剂、特压剂、粘度指数提高剂、防锈剂、金属钝化剂、固体润滑剂、粘合剂等。它们可以一种单独使用或者两种以上组合使用。
抗氧化剂可以使用现有技术的油脂组合物中使用的胺类抗氧化剂、酚类抗氧化剂以及硫抗氧化剂。这些抗氧化剂可以一种单独使用或者两种以上组合使用。胺类抗氧化剂可以例举单辛基二苯胺、单壬基二苯胺等单烷基二苯胺类化合物;4,4′-二丁基二苯胺、4,4′-二戊基二苯胺、4,4′-二己基二苯胺、4,4′-二庚基二苯胺、4,4′-二辛基二苯胺、4,4′-二壬基二苯胺等二烷基二苯胺类化合物;四丁基二苯胺、四己基二苯胺、四辛基二苯胺、四壬基二苯胺等聚烷基二苯胺类化合物;α-萘胺、苯基-α-萘胺、丁基苯基-α-萘胺、戊基苯基-α-萘胺、己基苯基-α-萘胺、庚基苯基-α-萘胺、辛基苯基-α-萘胺、壬基苯基-α-萘胺等萘胺类化合物。
酚类抗氧化剂可以例举2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚等单酚类化合物;4,4′-亚甲基双(2,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、2,2’-亚甲基双(4-乙基-6-叔丁基苯酚)等二酚类化合物。
硫抗氧化剂可以例举2,6-二叔丁基-4-(4,6-双(辛基硫代)-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基氨基)苯酚、五硫化磷与蒎烯的反应物等硫代萜烯系化合物;二月桂基硫代二丙酸酯、二硬脂基硫代二丙酸酯等二烷基硫代二丙酸酯等。
这些抗氧化剂的混合量基于油脂组合物的总量通常为0.01~10%质量左右,优选0.03~5%质量。
油性剂可以例举脂族醇;脂肪酸、脂肪酸金属盐等脂肪酸化合物;多元醇酯、脱水山梨醇酯、甘油酯等酯化合物;脂族胺等胺化合物等。脂族醇由如下通式(I)表示,
R18-OH (I)
式中R18表示选自碳原子数8~30、优选碳原子数12~24的烷基、烯基、烷基芳基以及芳基烷基的基团,
碳原子数8~30的烷基可以例举各种辛基、各种壬基、各种癸基、各种十一烷基、各种硬脂基、各种月桂基、各种棕榈基等。碳原子数8~30的烯基可以例举辛烯基、壬烯基、癸烯基、油基等十八烯基等。碳原子数8~30的烷基芳基可以例举各种二甲基苯基、各种二乙基苯基、各种二丙基苯基、各种甲基萘基、各种乙基萘基等。碳原子数8~30的芳基烷基可以例举苯乙基、萘甲基等。其中,优选硬脂基和油基。
脂肪酸化合物为如下通式(II)表示的化合物,
(R19-COO)nX1(II)
式中R19表示选自碳原子数8~30、优选碳原子数12~24的烷基、烯基、烷基芳基以及芳基烷基的基团,X1为选自H、K、Na、Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe、Cu以及Ag的原子,
R19的碳原子数8~30的烷基、烯基、烷基芳基以及芳基烷基可以例举与上述相同的基团,优选硬脂基和油基。X1优选H、K、Al、Zn。n为1~3的整数。
多元醇酯可以例举新戊二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇等多元醇与如下通式(III)表示的脂肪酸通过酯化反应得到的酯,
R20-COOH (III)
式中R20表示选自碳原子数8~30、优选碳原子数8~24的烷基、烯基、烷基芳基以及芳基烷基的基团,
R20的碳原子数8~30的烷基、烯基、烷基芳基以及芳基烷基可以例举与上述相同的基团,特别优选辛基。
脱水山梨醇酯由如下通式(IV)表示,
式中R21~R25表示选自H、OH以及CH2OCOR26的基团,R26表示碳原子数9~30、优选碳原子数12~24的烷基或烯基,
R26的碳原子数9~30的烷基可以例举各种壬基、各种癸基、各种十一烷基、各种硬脂基、各种月桂基、各种棕榈基等。碳原子数9~30的烯基可以例举壬烯基、癸烯基、十八烯基等。优选的脂肪酸可以例举月桂酸、硬脂酸、棕榈酸以及油酸。
甘油酯可以例举如下通式(V)表示的物质,
式中X2~X4表示OH或OCOR27,R27表示碳原子数8~30、优选碳原子数12~24的烷基或烯基,
R27的碳原子数8~30的烷基以及烯基可以例举与上述相同的基团。优选的脂肪酸可以例举月桂酸、硬脂酸、棕榈酸以及油酸。
脂族胺可以例举如下通式(VI)表示的单取代胺、二取代胺以及三取代胺,
R28 mNH3-m (VI)
式中R28表示选自碳原子数3~30、优选碳原子数8~24的烷基和烯基、碳原子数6~30、优选碳原子数6~15的芳基和芳基烷基以及碳原子数2~30、优选碳原子数2~18的羟基烷基的基团,m是1~3的整数,
上述R28中的烷基和烯基可以是直链状、支链状或环状。碳原子数3~30的烷基和烯基、碳原子数6~30的芳基和芳基烷基可以例举与上述相同的基团,碳原子数2~30的羟基烷基可以例举羟基乙基、羟基丙基等。
从配合效果的角度考虑,这些油性剂的配合量基于油脂组合物的总量通常为0.1~30%质量左右,优选0.5~10%质量。
特压剂可以例举硫特压剂、磷特压剂、包含硫和金属的特压剂、包含磷和金属的特压剂。这些特压剂可以一种单独使用或者两种以上组合使用。特压剂只要分子中包含硫原子和/或磷原子,能发挥耐负载性或耐磨耗性即可。分子中包含硫的特压剂可以例举如硫化油脂、硫化脂肪酸、硫化酯、硫化烯烃、二烃基多硫化物(dihydrocarbylpolysulfide)、噻二唑化合物、烷基硫代氨基甲酰基化合物、三嗪化合物、硫代萜烯化合物、二烷基硫代二丙酸酯化合物等。
硫化油脂是硫或含硫化合物与油脂(猪油、鲸油、植物油、鱼油等)反应得到的,其含硫量没有特别限制,一般适宜为5~30%质量。其具体例子可以例举硫化猪油、硫化菜籽油、硫化蓖麻籽油、硫化大豆油、硫化米糠油等。硫化脂肪酸的例子可以例举硫化油酸等,硫化酯的例子可以例举硫化油酸甲酯、硫化米糠脂肪酸辛酯等。
硫化烯烃可以例举如下通式(VII)表示的化合物,
R29-Sa-R30 (VII)
式中R29表示碳原子数2~15、优选碳原子数4~8的烯基,R30表示碳原子数2~15、优选碳原子数4~8的烷基或烯基,a表示1~8、优选1~3的整数,
该化合物是通过使碳原子数2~15的烯烃或其2~4量体与硫、氯化硫等硫化剂反应得到的。碳原子数2~15的烯烃优选丙烯、异丁烯和二异丁烯等。
二烃基多硫化物是如下通式(VIII)表示的化合物,
R31-Sh-R32 (VIII)
式中R31和R32分别表示碳原子数1~20、优选碳原子数4~18的烷基或环状烷基;碳原子数6~20、优选碳原子数6~15的芳基;碳原子数7~20、优选碳原子数7~15的烷基芳基或碳原子数7~20、优选碳原子数7~15的芳基烷基,它们彼此可以相同或不同,b表示2~8、优选2~4的整数,
此处R31和R32为烷基时,称为硫化烷基。
上述通式(VIII)中R31和R32可以例举甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、各种戊基、各种己基、各种庚基、各种辛基、各种壬基、各种癸基、各种十二烷基、环己基、环辛基、苯基、萘基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、苄基、苯乙基等。
该二烃基多硫化物优选可以例举如二苄基多硫化物、各种二壬基多硫化物、各种双十二烷基多硫化物、各种二丁基多硫化物、各种二辛基多硫化物、二苯基多硫化物、二环己基多硫化物等。
噻二唑化合物优选使用例如下述通式(IX)或(X)表示的1,3,4-噻二唑、1,2,4-噻二唑化合物、1,4,5-噻二唑等,
式中R33~R36分别表示氢原子、碳原子数1~20、优选碳原子数4~13的烃基,c~f分别表示0~8、优选1~4的整数,
这类噻二唑化合物的具体例子优选可以例举2,5-双(正己基二硫代)-1,3,4-噻二唑、2,5-双(正辛基二硫代)-1,3,4-噻二唑、2,5-双(正壬基二硫代)-1,3,4-噻二唑、2,5-双(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基二硫代)-1,3,4-噻二唑、3,5-双(正己基二硫代)-1,2,4-噻二唑、3,5-双(正辛基二硫代)-1,2,4-噻二唑、3,5-双(正壬基二硫代)-1,2,4-噻二唑、3,5-双(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基二硫代)-1,2,4-噻二唑等。
烷基硫代氨基甲酰基化合物优选使用例如如下通式(XI)表示的化合物,
式中R37~R40分别表示碳原子数1~20、优选碳原子数4~8的
烷基,g表示1~8、优选1~3的整数,该烷基硫代氨基甲酰基化合物的具体例子优选可以例举双(二甲基硫代氨基甲酰基)单硫化物、双(二丁基硫代氨基甲酰基)单硫化物、双(二甲基硫代氨基甲酰基)二硫化物、双(二丁基硫代氨基甲酰基)二硫化物、双(二戊基硫代氨基甲酰基)二硫化物、双(二辛基硫代氨基甲酰基)二硫化物等。
包含硫、磷和金属的特压剂可以例举二烷基硫代氨基甲酸锌(Zn-DTC)、二烷基硫代氨基甲酸钼(Mo-DTC)、二烷基硫代氨基甲酸铅、二烷基硫代氨基甲酸锡、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌(Zn-DTP)、二烷基二硫代磷酸钼(Mo-DTP)、磺酸钠、磺酸钙等。
分子中包含磷的特压剂的代表性物质是磷酸酯及其胺盐。磷酸酯包含如下通式(XII)~(XVI)表示的磷酸酯、酸性磷酸酯、亚磷酸酯、酸性亚磷酸酯。
上述通式(XII)~(XVI)中,R41~R51表示选自碳原子数4~30、优选碳原子数4~18的烷基、烯基、烷基芳基以及芳基烷基的基团,R41~R51可以相同或不同。
磷酸酯有三芳基磷酸酯、三烷基磷酸酯、三烷基芳基磷酸酯、三芳基烷基磷酸酯、三烯基磷酸酯等,具体可以例举如三苯基磷酸酯、三甲苯基磷酸酯、苄基二苯基磷酸酯、乙基二苯基磷酸酯、三丁基磷酸酯、乙基二丁基磷酸酯、甲苯基二苯基磷酸酯、二甲苯基苯基磷酸酯、乙基苯基二苯基磷酸酯、二乙基苯基苯基磷酸酯、丙基苯基二苯基磷酸酯、二丙基苯基苯基磷酸酯、三乙基苯基磷酸酯、三丙基苯基磷酸酯、丁基苯基二苯基磷酸酯、二丁基苯基苯基磷酸酯、三丁基苯基磷酸酯、三己基磷酸酯、三(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯、十三烷基磷酸酯、三月桂基磷酸酯、三肉豆蔻基磷酸酯、三棕榈基磷酸酯、三硬脂基磷酸酯、三油基磷酸酯等。
酸性磷酸酯可以例举如2-乙基己基酸式磷酸酯、乙基酸式磷酸酯、丁基酸式磷酸酯、油基酸式磷酸酯、二十四基酸式磷酸酯、异癸基酸式磷酸酯、月桂基酸式磷酸酯、十三烷基酸式磷酸酯、硬脂基酸式磷酸酯、异硬脂基酸式磷酸酯等。
亚磷酸酯可以例举如三乙基亚磷酸酯、三丁基亚磷酸酯、三苯基亚磷酸酯、三甲苯基亚磷酸酯、三(壬基苯基)亚磷酸酯、三(2-乙基己基)亚磷酸酯、十三烷亚磷酸酯、三月桂基亚磷酸酯、三异辛基亚磷酸酯、二苯基异癸基亚磷酸酯、三硬脂基亚磷酸酯、三油基亚磷酸酯等。
酸性亚磷酸酯可以例举如亚磷酸二丁基氢酯、亚磷酸二月桂基氢酯、亚磷酸二油基氢酯、亚磷酸二硬脂基氢酯、亚磷酸二苯基氢酯等。此外,与这些酯形成胺盐的胺类可以例举如通式(XVII)表示的单取代胺、二取代胺或三取代胺,
R52 hNH3-h (XVII)
式中R52表示碳原子数3~30、优选碳原子数4~18的烷基或烯基;碳原子数6~30、优选碳原子数6~15的芳基或芳基烷基或者碳原子数2~30、优选碳原子数2~18的羟基烷基,h表示1、2或3,在R52为多个时,多个R52可以相同或不同,
上述通式(XVII)中,R52中碳原子数3~30的烷基或烯基可以为直链状、支链状或环状。
单取代胺可以例举丁胺、戊胺、己胺、环己胺、辛胺、月桂基胺、硬脂基胺、油基胺、苄基胺等。二取代胺可以例举二丁基胺、二戊基胺、二己基胺、二环己基胺、二辛基胺、二月桂基胺、二硬脂基胺、二油基胺、二苄基胺、硬脂基·单乙醇胺、癸基·单乙醇胺、己基·单丙醇胺、苄基·单乙醇胺、苯基·单乙醇胺、甲苯基·单丙醇胺等。三取代胺有三丁基胺、三戊基胺、三己基胺、三环己基胺、三辛基胺、三月桂基胺、三硬脂基胺、三油基胺、三苄基胺、二油基·单乙醇胺、二月桂基·单丙醇胺、二辛基·单乙醇胺、二己基·单丙醇胺、二丁基·单丙醇胺、油基·二乙醇胺、硬脂基·二丙醇胺、月桂基·二乙醇胺、辛基·二丙醇胺、丁基·二乙醇胺、苄基·二乙醇胺、苯基·二乙醇胺、甲苯基·二丙醇胺、二甲苯基·二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、三丙醇胺等。
从配合效果和经济性的角度考虑,这些特压剂的配合量基于油脂组合物的总量通常为0.01~30%质量左右,更优选0.01~10%质量。
粘度指数提高剂可以例举如聚甲基丙烯酸酯、分散型聚甲基丙烯酸酯、烯烃类共聚物(如、乙烯-丙烯共聚物等)、分散型烯烃类共聚物、苯乙烯类共聚物(如苯乙烯-二烯氢化共聚物)等。
从配合效果的角度考虑,这些粘度指数提高剂的配合量基于油脂组合物的总量通常为0.5~35%质量左右,优选1~15%质量。
防锈剂可以例举金属磺酸盐、琥珀酸酯等。从配合效果的角度考虑,这些防锈剂的配合量基于油脂组合物的总量通常为0.01~10%质量左右,优选0.05~5%质量。
金属钝化剂可以例举苯并三唑、噻二唑等。从配合效果的角度考虑,这些金属钝化剂的优选配合量基于油脂组合物的总量通常为0.01~10%质量左右,优选0.01~1%质量。
固体润滑剂可以例举二硫化钼、石墨、铜、镍、氮化硼、三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐等,优选的配合量基于油脂组合物的总量通常为0.1~60%质量左右,优选0.3~30%质量。
粘合剂可以例举聚丁烯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、分散型聚甲基丙烯酸酯、烯烃类聚合物、分散型烯烃类聚合物、热塑性弹性体等,优选的配合量基于油脂组合物的总量通常为0.1~30%质量左右。
在不损害本发明目的的范围内,本发明的油脂组合物中可以结合使用其他基油。其他基油可以由例如矿物油和合成油中适当选择。矿物油可以例举将石蜡基原油、中间基原油或环烷基原油常压蒸馏或者将常压蒸馏渣油减压蒸馏得到的馏出油、将这些馏出油按常规方法精制得到的精制油,具体可以例举溶剂精制油、加氢精制油、脱蜡处理油、白土处理油等。
合成油可以例举如低分子量聚丁烯、低分子量聚丙烯、碳原子数8~14的α-烯烃低聚物以及它们的氢化物、多元醇酯(例如三羟甲基丙烷的脂肪酸酯、季戊四醇的脂肪酸酯等)、二氯酸酯、芳族聚丙烯羧酸酯(例如偏苯三酸酯、均苯四酸酯等)、磷酸酯等酯化合物,烷基苯、烷基萘等烷基芳族化合物、硅酮油、聚苯、烷基取代的二苯基醚、聚苯基醚、磷腈化合物、氟类油(例如氟碳、全氟聚醚等)等。
这些其他基油可以一种单独使用或者两种以上组合使用。
从防止粘度降低和防腐的角度考虑,在本发明的油脂组合物中,优选水分的混入量基于油脂组合物为3000ppm质量以下,更优选500ppm质量以下,特别优选100ppm质量以下。在使油脂组合物的水分混入量为500ppm质量时,优选使用非水溶性的离子性液体。
通过利用本发明的油脂组合物中所含的离子性液体的电特性,向油脂组合物施加电场,可以使摩擦面积极地吸附阳离子和阴离子,形成润滑保护膜。通过该润滑保护膜,可以控制摩擦特性等润滑特性。施加电场的方法可以例举(1)在互相滑动的两个被润滑材料的摩擦处加满油脂,夹住摩擦处以非接触的方式将电极配置在被润滑材料上,向油脂施加电压的方法;(2)向由导电性材料构成、互相滑动的两个被润滑材料的摩擦处加满油脂,向两个被润滑材料直接施加电压的方法等。从安全性、经济性和施加效果的角度考虑,施加的电压通常为0.1~5×106mV左右,优选0.1~5×103mV,更优选0.1~100mV。施加的电压可以是直流也可以是交流。
实施例
下面通过实施例更详细地说明本发明,但本发明并不受这些实施例的限定。应说明的是,油脂组合物的各特性依据下述方法测定。
(1)稠度号:依据JIS K2220-2003表1的分类。
(2)滴点:依据JIS K2220-2003 8.规定的测试方法测定。
(3)外观:将JIS K2220-2003 21.(湿润测试)用的SPCC钢板用溶剂洗涤,之后涂布2.0mm厚的油脂组合物,加热至150℃和300℃后立即评价是否保持油脂状(半固形状)。保持时记载为油脂状,不保持时记载为液状。
(4)高温长期稳定性:将JIS K2220-200321.(湿润测试)用的SPCC钢板用溶剂洗涤,之后涂布2.0mm厚油脂组合物,于250℃加热12小时后评价油脂的状态。评价标准按是否保持油脂状或者固化进行。
(5)减少5%的温度:用差示热分析装置,按10℃/分的速度升温,测定由初期质量减少5%质量的温度。减少5%的温度越高,表示耐蒸发性、耐热性优异。
实施例1~7及比较例1~6
由表1所示的配合成分制备油脂组合物,测定上述特性。结果示于表1中。
表1-1
实施例 | |||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | |||
基油 | 离子性液体1*1 | 82 | 82 | 81 | 83 | 87 | - | - | |
离子性液体2*2 | - | - | - | - | - | 81 | 41.5 | ||
离子性液体3*3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 41.5 | ||
聚α-烯烃*4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
PFAE*5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
芳族酯*6 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
添加剂 | 抗氧化剂*7 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
增稠剂 | 膨润土*8 | 18 | - | - | - | - | 19 | 17 | |
碳纳米物质*9 | - | 18 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
石墨*10 | - | - | 19 | - | - | - | - | ||
硅胶*11 | - | - | - | 17 | - | - | - | ||
双脲*12 | - | - | - | - | 13 | - | - | ||
锂皂*13 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
PTFE*14 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
基油动态粘度(40℃) | 27.1 | 27.1 | 27.1 | 27.1 | 27.1 | 22.4 | 38.7 | ||
基油粘度指数 | 114 | 114 | 114 | 114 | 114 | 160 | 143 | ||
基油着火点(℃) | 300< | 300< | 300< | 300< | 300< | 300< | 300< | ||
基油流动点(℃) | -30 | -30 | -30 | -30 | -30 | -20 | -45 | ||
评价项目 | 稠度号 | 1号 | 1号 | 1号 | 1号 | 1号 | 1号 | 1号 | |
增稠剂的滴点(℃) | 300≤ | 300≤ | 300≤ | 300≤ | 300≤ | 300≤ | 300≤ | ||
外观(150℃) | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | ||
外观(300℃) | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | ||
高温长期稳定性 | 油脂状 | - | - | - | - | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | ||
减少5%质量的温度(℃) | 360.5 | - | - | - | - | 409.9 | 402.7 |
表1-2
比较例 | ||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |||
基油 | 离子性液体1*1 | 89 | 89 | - | - | - | - | |
离子性液体2*2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
离子性液体3*3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
聚α-烯烃*4 | - | - | 82 | 81 | - | - | ||
PFAE*5 | - | - | - | - | 83 | - | ||
芳族酯*6 | - | - | - | - | - | 81 | ||
其它 | 抗氧化剂*7 | - | - | - | 1 | - | 1 | |
增稠剂 | 膨润土*8 | - | - | 18 | 18 | - | 18 | |
碳纳米物质*9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
石墨*10 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
硅胶*11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
双脲*12 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
锂皂*13 | - | 11 | - | - | - | - | ||
PTFE*14 | - | - | - | - | 17 | - | ||
基油动态粘度(40℃) | 27.1 | 27.1 | 16.8 | 17.3 | 170 | 40.2 | ||
基油粘度指数 | 114 | 114 | 124 | 130 | 253 | 137 | ||
基油着火点(℃) | 300< | 300< | 215 | 215 | 300< | 291 | ||
基油流动点(℃) | -30 | -30 | -50> | -50> | -50> | -50> | ||
评价项目 | 稠度号 | 1号 | 1号 | 1号 | 1号 | 1号 | 1号 | |
增稠剂的滴点(℃) | 248 | 206 | 300≤ | 300≤ | 300≤ | 300≤ | ||
外观(150℃) | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | ||
外观(300℃) | 液状 | 液状 | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | 油脂状 | ||
高温长期稳定性 | - | - | 固化 | 固化 | 油脂状 | 固化 | ||
减少5%质量的温度(℃) | - | - | 231.5 | 245.2 | 226.0 | 304.9 |
(注)
*1离子性液体1:N,N-二乙基-N-甲基(2-甲氧基乙基)铵双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺
*2离子性液体2:丁基吡啶双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺
*3离子性液体3:双四氟硼酸N,N-二乙基-N-甲基(2-甲氧基乙基)铵
*4聚α-烯烃:1-癸烯的低聚物
*5PFAE:全氟烷基聚醚(Solvat Solexis公司制备,Fomblin M03)
*6芳族酯:三正辛基三苯六甲酸酯
*7抗氧化剂:4,4-二丁基二苯胺
*8膨润土:NL Industries Inc.制备的“ベントン27”
*9碳纳米物质:碳纳米管粉(Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes、L-SWNT(グレ-ド)、(株)ニュ-メタルス·ェンド·ケミカルス·コ-ポレ-ション制备)
*10石墨:日本チァソン(株)制备的“SLA1255”
*11硅胶:日本ェァロジル(株)制备的“ァェロジル200”
*12双脲:脂族胺与二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)的反应物
*13锂皂:12-羟基硬脂酸锂
*14PTFE:聚四氟乙烯、一次粒径0.15μm
产业实用性
本发明的油脂组合物即便在高温环境下使用,仍具有长寿命和优异的低挥发性,并且是不燃的,因此即便在严苛的条件下仍可显示出良好的润滑性,可以满足不需要维修的要求。还可适用于油脂分解物引起的污染成为问题的电子仪器部件或其制造设备中。
Claims (21)
1.油脂组合物,包含由阳离子和阴离子构成、在20℃测定的离子浓度为1mol/dm3以上的离子性液体作为基油,并且包含滴点为260℃以上的增稠剂。
2.权利要求1所述的油脂组合物,包含10~100%质量总酸值为1mgKOH/g以下的离子性液体作为基油。
3.权利要求1或2所述的油脂组合物,其中离子性液体由如下通式所示:
(Zp+)k(Aq-)m
式中Zp+为阳离子,Aq-为阴离子,p、q、k、m、p×k以及q×m分别为1~3的整数,满足p×k=q×m,当k或m为2以上时,Z或A可以分别相同或不同。
4.权利要求3所述的油脂组合物,其中包含10~100%质量由通式Z+A-表示的总酸值为1mgKOH/g以下的离子性液体作为基油,式中Z+为阳离子,A-为阴离子。
5.权利要求4所述的油脂组合物,其为两种以上离子性液体的混合物。
6.权利要求5所述的油脂组合物,其为包含一种Z+和两种以上A-的混合物、包含两种以上Z+和一种A-的混合物或者包含两种以上Z+和两种以上A-的混合物。
9.权利要求4~8中任一项所述的油脂组合物,其中构成离子性液体的阴离子A-选自:
BF4 -、PF6 -、CnH(2n+1)OSO3 -、(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)SO3 -、(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)COO-、NO3 -、CH3SO3 -、(CN)2N-、HSO3 -、C6H5SO3 -、CH3(C6H4)SO3 -、I-、I3 -、F(HF)n -、((CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)Y1Oz)3C-、((CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)Y1Oz)2N-、
上式中Y1表示碳原子或硫原子,Y1为多个时它们可以相同或不同;多个(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)Y1Oz可以相同或不同;n为1~6的整数,x为0~13的整数,在Y1为碳原子的情况下z为1~3的整数,在Y1为硫原子的情况下z为0~4的整数,
B(CmY2 (2m+1))4 -、P(CmY2 (2m+1))6 -、
上式中Y2表示氢原子或氟原子,Y2为多个时它们可以相同或不同;多个(CmY2 (2m+1))可以相同或不同,m为0~6的整数,
以及如下通式所示的阴离子:
式中R13~R17为选自氢原子和(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)的基团,R13~R17可以相同或不同,n和x与上述相同。
10.权利要求9所述的油脂组合物,其中构成离子性液体的阴离子A-选自:
PF6 -、CnH(2n+1)OSO3 -、(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)SO3 -、(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)COO-、NO3 -、CH3SO3 -、(CN)2N-、HSO3 -、((CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)Y1Oz)2N-、
上式中Y1表示碳原子或硫原子,Y1为多个时它们可以相同或不同;n为1~6的整数,x为0~13的整数,在Y1为碳原子的情况下z为1~3的整数;在Y1为硫原子的情况下z为0~4的整数,
以及如下通式所示的阴离子:
式中R13~R17为选自氢原子和(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)的基团,R13~R17可以相同或不同,n和x与上述相同。
12.权利要求4~11中任一项所述的油脂组合物,其中离子性液体不包含如下通式所示的阳离子、F-、Cl-、Br-以及BF4 -,
式中R1~R5为选自氢原子、可具有醚键的碳原子数1~18的烷基以及碳原子数1~18的烷氧基的基团,R1~R5可以相同或不同。
13.油脂组合物,包含10~100%质量由阳离子和阴离子以共价键固定的两性离子型构成、总酸值为1mgKOH/g以下的离子性液体作为基油。
14.权利要求13所述的油脂组合物,其中离子性液体由如下通式所示:
式中R1~R12为选自氢原子、可具有醚键的碳原子数1~18的烷基以及碳原子数1~18的烷氧基的基团,R1~R12可以相同或不同;条件是R1~R12的至少一个具有-(CH2)n-SO3 -或-(CH2)n-COO-,其中n为0以上的整数,以使烷基的碳原子数为1~18。
15.权利要求1~14中任一项所述的油脂组合物,其中离子性液体在40℃的动态粘度为1~1,000mm2/s。
16.权利要求1~15中任一项所述的油脂组合物,其中离子性液体的流动点为-10℃以下。
17.权利要求1~16中任一项所述的油脂组合物,其中离子性液体的粘度指数为80以上。
18.权利要求1~17中任一项所述的油脂组合物,其中离子性液体的闪点为200℃以上。
19.权利要求1~18中任一项所述的油脂组合物,其中增稠剂为非皂类增稠剂。
20.权利要求19所述的油脂组合物,其中增稠剂为无机增稠剂和/或碳增稠剂。
21.权利要求1~20中任一项所述的油脂组合物,其中增稠剂相对于油脂组合物的总量为3~50%质量。
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- 2005-04-08 JP JP2005112597A patent/JP4926411B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2006
- 2006-04-05 CN CN2006800112551A patent/CN101155902B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-04-05 WO PCT/JP2006/307235 patent/WO2006109652A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-04-05 EP EP06731183A patent/EP1867706A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-04-05 US US11/910,941 patent/US8258089B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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EP1867706A4 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
JP4926411B2 (ja) | 2012-05-09 |
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US20090281008A1 (en) | 2009-11-12 |
WO2006109652A1 (ja) | 2006-10-19 |
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