CN101099249B - 电池组及机动车辆 - Google Patents

电池组及机动车辆 Download PDF

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CN101099249B
CN101099249B CN2006800018174A CN200680001817A CN101099249B CN 101099249 B CN101099249 B CN 101099249B CN 2006800018174 A CN2006800018174 A CN 2006800018174A CN 200680001817 A CN200680001817 A CN 200680001817A CN 101099249 B CN101099249 B CN 101099249B
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渡边功
长濑修次
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
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    • B60L58/12Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
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    • B60L58/24Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0422Arrangement under the front seats
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0427Arrangement between the seats
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract

在电池组中,电池模组盖(101A)以不可拆卸方式使用安全螺栓(断头螺栓)(212)固定到下壳体(102),以防止电池模组(203) (蓄电池)从外部源充电和向外部源放电。辅助部件盖(101B)通过普通螺栓(131)和螺母(141)固定到下壳体(102),以允许更换辅助部件(110)内的电子部件。通过这样的构造,提供了一种具有这样结构的电池组及包括该电池组的机动车辆,其在需要维修电池组的情况下确保运输安全的同时允许维修辅助部件。

Description

电池组及机动车辆
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及电池组及机动车辆,更具体地,本发明涉及包括在诸如使用电动机作为驱动源的电动车辆的机动车辆中的电池组结构。
背景技术
最近,使用电动机作为驱动源的电动车辆以及具有诸如电动机和汽油发动机的多种类型驱动源的所谓混合动力车辆已经投入到实际应用中。这样的电动车辆设置有用于将作为能量的电力供应到电动机等的电池。该电池包括能够重复充电和放电的蓄电池,诸如镍镉(Ni-Cd)电池、镍氢电池和锂离子电池。
图8中示出了包括上述蓄电池的电池组200的示意性结构。具有多个堆叠的电池单元203a的电池模组203以及包括主系统继电器和电子部件的辅助部件204容纳在电池壳体中(未示出引线)。电池壳体具有支撑电池模组203和辅助部件204的下壳体202以及覆盖电池模组203和辅助部件204的上壳体201。
在使用能够充电和放电的诸如锂离子电池的蓄电池的情况下,需要通过防止第三者容易接触到内部的蓄电池来确保运输过程中的安全。因此,在上述电池组200中,为了防止上壳体201在其固定到下壳体202上后从下壳体202上移除,在将上壳体201固定到下壳体202上时使用设计成不能松动的紧固螺栓。
例如,使用图中所示的安全螺栓(断头螺栓(break-head bolt))211。该安全螺栓211具有六角头211和螺栓体211,并且以如此方式被构造,同正六角螺栓一样使用,在使用螺母212紧固后,当超过一定水平的力施加到六角头211a上时,六角头211a被扭曲并从螺栓体211b上切除。
在电池组200中发生故障的情况下(除了电池模组203的老化之外,大部分情况是由辅助部件204引起的),修理可以通过仅更换辅助部件204而容易经济地实现。然而,上述结构不允许更换辅助部件204,所以需要更换整个电池组200。这提高了用户不得不付的成本。
虽然,日本发明和创新研究所的技术报告No.2003-505824公开了一种应用到混合动力车辆的电池组的主系统继电器的附装结构,其没有公开关于运输过程中的安全的问题以及当上述电池组200需要维修时不得不更换整个电池组200的任务。
发明内容
本发明要解决的问题在于:当使用能够充电和放电的蓄电池(诸如锂离子电池等)的电池组需要维修时必须更换整个电池组。因此,本发明的目的是提供一种这样的电池组以及包括这样电池组的机动车辆,该电池组具有允许在电池组需要维修的情况下确保运输过程中安全的同时维修辅助部件。
本发明基于电池组和包括该电池组的机动车辆。该电池组具有容纳在电池壳体中的由多个电池单元的集合形成的电池模组以及辅助部件。电池组的电池壳体包括支撑电池模组和辅助部件的下壳体、覆盖电池模组的电池模组盖以及覆盖辅助部件的辅助部件盖。电池模组盖以不可拆卸的方式固定到下壳体,而辅助部件盖以可拆卸的方式固定到下壳体。
根据如上构造的电池组以及包括该电池组的机动车辆,当电池模组中发生故障时,可以仅移除辅助部件盖,检查辅助部件。在故障仅发生在通过更换部件而容易维修的辅助部件中的情况下,可以经济、容易并快速地仅维修辅助部件,并继续使用电池模组。如果故障发生在电池模组中,则应更换整个电池组。因此,根据电池组中故障的状态而采取适当的措施。因为电池模组由不可拆卸的电池模组盖所覆盖,所以可以确保传输过程中的安全。
附图说明
图1是示出根据本发明实施例的电池组的机动车辆形式的示意性剖示图。
图2是图1中所示的机动车辆的示意性俯视透视图。
图3是图示关于图1中所示的机动车辆的电池组的控制的框图。
图4是根据本发明实施例的电池组的整个分解透视图。
图5是沿图4的线V-V所取的示意性剖视图。
图6是根据本发明另一实施例的电池组的整个透视图。
图7是互锁夹子(clip)的结构的整个透视图。
图8是本发明基于的背景技术中电池组的整个分解透视图。
具体实施方式
下面参考图1-5描述根据本发明实施例的电池组以及包括该电池组的机动车辆。图1是示出根据本发明实施例的电池组的机动车辆形式的示意性剖示图。图2是图1中所示的机动车辆的示意性俯视透视图。图3是图示关于图1中所示的机动车辆的电池组的控制的框图。图4是根据本发明实施例的电池组的整个分解透视图。图5是沿图4的线V-V所取的示意性剖视图。与背景技术相同或相应的部件在附图中采取相同的标号,并且省略其描述。
如图1-2所示,机动车辆1具有前座2a和2b(图2中示出)以及布置于其搭乘空间50内的后座6。在搭乘空间50内,根据本发明的电池组100A安装在位于前座2a和2b之间下方的搭乘空间地表面3上。
如图3所示,包括电池组100A的电池9连接到能量产生单元8,该能量产生单元8包括安装在机动车辆1的发动机(未示出)等中的发电机。在机动车辆1中,电力(在该能量产生单元8中产生的能量)可以供应到电池组100A。即,能够充电和放电的蓄电池布置于构成电池9的电池组100A中。参考图4和5更详细地描述电池组100A的结构。
电池9用作能量源,其驱动安装在机动车辆中的操作装置10,诸如安装在机动车辆1中的空调。除了不包括驱动设备(诸如用作驱动机动车辆的动力源的电机)之外,操作装置10包括诸如上述的空调、包括在车辆中的汽车导航系统或计算系统。然而,操作装置10还可以是驱动设备,诸如用作驱动机动车辆1的动力源的电机。即,电池9可以为上述驱动设备供应能量。能量产生单元8、电池9以及操作装置10连接到控制单元7。控制单元7控制电池9的充电和放电、能量产生单元8的操作、以及到操作装置10的能量供应状态。
参考图4和5,现在描述电池组100A的结构。在根据本实施例的电池组100A中,由多个电池单元203a的集合形成的电池模组203以及辅助部件110容纳在电池壳体101中。能够重复充电和放电的蓄电池(诸如,镍镉电池(Ni-Cd电池)、镍氢电池、锂离子电池等)用作电池单元203a。电池壳体101包括支撑电池模组203和辅助部件110的下壳体102、覆盖电池模组203的电池模组盖101A以及覆盖辅助部件110的辅助部件盖101B。
辅助部件110包括接线箱111、主系统继电器112以及电子部件118,其中从电池模组203延伸的高压线缆114、115连接到主系统继电器112。电子部件118的具体示例包括电池ECU、主线保险丝等。如图5中所示容纳在接线箱111中的上述电子部件118以可拆卸折方式固定到接线箱111,使得其在故障的情况下可以更换。
主系统继电器112位于流经电池组100A的用于温控的冷却剂流的下游,并且放置于接线箱111的外表面上。此外,主系统继电器112在金属托架113基本围绕主系统继电器112的情况下使用铆钉112以不可拆卸的方式固定到接线箱111。这将提高冷却主系统继电112的效果并且防止电池模组203(蓄电池)通过高压线缆114和115连接到主系统继电器112而充电和放电。因此,如图5中所示,优选的,高压线缆114和115与辅助部件110的连接点用板117覆盖,使用连接点不暴露出来,并且高压线缆114和115一体设置于辅助部件110中,以避免从辅助部件110的拆卸。
此外,电池模组盖101A使用安全螺栓(断头螺栓)211以不可拆卸的方式固定到下壳体102,以防止电池模组203(为蓄电池)从外部源充电和向外部源放电。在电池模组盖101A被构造成以不可拆卸方式固定到下壳体102的情况下,不限定于安全螺栓211,可以使用诸如使用防松机械的螺栓、铆钉、焊接等。
另一方面,辅助部件盖101B以可拆卸的方式固定到下壳体102,以允许更换辅助部件110内的电子部件118。在本实施例中,使用普通螺栓131和螺母141的紧固措施。
根据本实施例的电池组100A和包括该电池组100A的机动车辆1,当在电池组100A中发生故障时,可以仅移除辅助部件盖101B和检查辅助部件110。在故障只发生在通过更换部件可以容易维修的辅助部件110中的情况下,可以经济、容易并且快速地只维修辅助部件110,并继续使用电池模组203。在故障发生在电池模组203中的情况下,应该更换整个电池组100A。因此,根据电池组100A中的失效状态,可以采取适当的措施。
在上述实施例中,辅助部件盖101B使用普通螺栓131和螺母141的紧固装置固定到下壳体102,并且由此,第三者可以容易地打开辅助部件盖101B。应当注意,辅助部件盖101B经常在诸如机动车辆维修厂的具体地方需要打开。因此,辅助部部件盖101B可以被构造成只在使用专用工具的情况下打开和关闭,并且不能够由第三者容易地打开。
图6和7示出辅助部件盖101B可以使用专用工具打开和关闭的示例。如图7所示,辅助部件盖101B通过使用互锁夹子151固定,其可以只通过在诸如机动车辆维修厂的具体地方提供的维修插塞(未示出)而移除。互锁夹子151具有圆柱头151a以及夹子部分151bs,并且可以通过将维修插塞接合在设置于头151a中的凹陷锁孔151c。
这里公开的上述实施例仅作为示例,并且不应作为任何方面的限制。因此,本发明的技术范围不是由上述的说明书所限定,而是由权利要求书所限定,并且所有落入权利要求书的限制和边界内、或其等同的变化均由权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (5)

1.一种电池组,其在电池壳体(101)中容纳由多个电池单元(203a)的集合形成的电池模组(203)以及辅助部件(110),其中:
所述电池壳体(101)包括支撑所述电池模组(203)以及所述辅助部件(110)的下壳体(102)、覆盖所述电池模组(203)的电池模组盖体(101A)、以及覆盖所述辅助部件(110)的辅助部件盖体(101B)
所述电池模组盖体(101A)以不可拆卸方式固定到所述下壳体(102);
所述辅助部件盖体(101B)以可拆卸方式固定到所述下壳体(102);
所述辅助部件(110)包括接线箱(111)、具有连接自所述电池模组(203)的高压线缆(114、115)的主系统继电器(112)以及电子部件(118);
所述主系统继电器(112)以不可拆卸方式固定到所述接线箱(111);并且
所述电子部件(118)以可拆卸方式固定到所述接线箱(111)。
2.如权利要求1所述的电池组,其中:
所述主系统继电器(112)布置于所述接线箱(111)的外表面上,并且在托架(113)基本围绕所述主系统继电器(112)的情况下以不可拆卸方式固定到所述接线箱(111)。
3.如权利要求1所述的电池组,其中:
所述高压线缆(114、115)与所述辅助部件(110)形成为一体,使得所述高压线缆(114、115)与所述辅助部件(110)的连接点不暴露。
4.如权利要求1所述的电池组,其中:
所述电池单元(203a)包括锂离子电池。
5.一种包括电池组的机动车辆,所述电池组在电池壳体(101)中容纳由多个电池单元(203a)的集合形成的电池模组(203)以及辅助部件(110),其中
所述电池壳体(101)包括支撑所述电池模组(203)以及所述辅助部件(110)的下壳体(102)、覆盖所述电池模组(203)的电池模组盖体(101A)以及覆盖所述辅助部件(110)的辅助部件盖体(101B);
所述电池模组盖体(101A)以不可拆卸方式固定到所述下壳体(102);
所述辅助部件盖体(101B)以可拆卸方式固定到所述下壳体(102);
所述辅助部件(110)包括接线箱(111)、具有连接自所述电池模组(203)的高压线缆(114、115)的主系统继电器(112)以及电子部件(118);
所述主系统继电器(112)以不可拆卸方式固定到所述接线箱(111);并且
所述电子部件(118)以可拆卸方式固定到所述接线箱(111)。
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