CN101003635A - 含反应性热熔粘合剂的混合式构件 - Google Patents

含反应性热熔粘合剂的混合式构件 Download PDF

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CN101003635A
CN101003635A CNA2007100017356A CN200710001735A CN101003635A CN 101003635 A CN101003635 A CN 101003635A CN A2007100017356 A CNA2007100017356 A CN A2007100017356A CN 200710001735 A CN200710001735 A CN 200710001735A CN 101003635 A CN101003635 A CN 101003635A
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M·里斯索斯
H·-J·沃尼克
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Abstract

本发明记载了基于共聚酰胺的反应性热熔粘合剂在混合式构件中的应用。该混合式构件例如可用于汽车制造和飞机制造领域。

Description

含反应性热熔粘合剂的混合式构件
技术领域
本发明涉及在混合式构件(结构构件)中的反应性热熔粘合剂的应用。结构构件是具有次要美观性要求的部件，其可在汽车制造及飞机制造中用于支承部件和受力部件领域，并且其特征特别在于，其具有赋予该构件特别是机械特性方面的局部增强。与至今所用的部件相比，特别优异的是除了重量减轻之外还提高了其抗扭刚度。
背景技术
本发明中所述的混合式构件的特征特别在于，其由主要是金属与聚合物所制成的复合体而组成。这时在金属构件中通过注塑法嵌入聚合物结构，该聚合物结构除有较小的重量外还赋予该结构相应的抗扭刚度和抗裂刚度。
至今这些所述混合式构件的弱点是聚合物在金属材料上的粘结。由于材料收缩和各种材料的不同膨胀系数发生部件的脱粘附现象，这导致机械性能的劣化。当前，形成结构的混合式构件是通过在金属材料中以注塑工艺注入聚合物材料来制备。这种材料粘合的问题是聚合物和金属之间的过渡，因为该材料具有不同的机械特性，其导致复合体的强度例如由于该聚合物的收缩而受到不利影响，并且由此也对构件的抗扭刚度产生不利影响。
发明内容
意外的发现，按权利要求通过使用反应性粘合剂可克服现有技术的缺点。
通过用基于月桂内酰胺的结构性的热熔粘合剂预涂覆该金属构件，可产生该混合式构件的两种部件的明显较好的粘合和改进的耐腐蚀性。如果在所用的热熔粘合剂中还加有在分子量上起建设性作用的嵌段异氰酸酯和起改进粘附和交联作用的环氧化物，则该效果还可有所增强。该分子量构成(Molerkulargewichtsaufbau)是通过对构件的防腐蚀所需的阴极浸漆(KTL涂漆)而增加的，因为在高于150℃的浸漆中的大于25分钟的停留时间产生了该构件所需的高内聚强度和粘附强度。纯的热塑性热熔粘合剂在所述的温度负荷下已发生热分解，并由此对构件的机械性能产生不利影响。所述热熔粘合剂对金属材料通常有非常好的亲和性，并在混合式构件中可作为金属和聚合物之间的粘附助剂。
所用的热熔粘合剂的另一优点是耐腐蚀性的改进。至今在金属和注塑物料之间的紧密连接(stoffschlüssigen)区域中存在有问题，因为由于先前所述的聚合物的少量收缩出现了小的缝隙，在该缝隙中无KTL涂漆，并因此在未经处理过的金属上发生腐蚀。用反应性热熔粘合剂的预涂覆补偿了该收缩并防止易腐蚀的缝隙形成。
本发明涉及在金属材料上涂覆底漆(热熔粘合剂)，该粘合剂明显改进该复合体，并由此对特别是汽车制造中所需的耐破裂性能产生有利影响。
该底漆是基于月桂内酰胺的共聚酰胺，其含2.5～15％，优选4～6％的嵌段异氰酸酯和2.5～10％，优选4～6％的环氧化物。与纯的热塑性共聚酰胺相比，这些添加剂产生明显较好的对金属材料的复合体，并在温度影响下提供了可明显改进该连结的耐温性的分子量构成。对分子量构成影响的关键是温度作用的时间长短。作为最佳值经证实是在150～190℃下处理10～30分钟，这是在KTL炉中通常所用的工况。
该所用的热熔粘合剂例如是Degussa公司的VESTAMELT型粘合剂：
-X-1038-P1：60％月桂内酰胺+25％己内酰胺+15％AH盐(由50％己二酸和50％六亚甲基二胺的混合物)
-X-1316-P1：95％VESTAMELT X1038-P1+5％VESTAGONBF1540-P1
-X-1333-P1：95％VESTAMELT X1038-P1+5％VESTAGONBF1540-P1+5％环氧类树脂GT7004
本方法的特征在于，首先用静电喷枪或经合适的涂漆系统对金属型材全部或局部涂以共聚酰胺热熔粘合剂，接着在约120～300秒，优选约150秒内将其加热到约150℃以熔化粘合剂。下一步骤是用注塑工艺注入聚合物结构。使该形成结构的构件通过KTL炉以涂漆。该KTL涂漆在约190℃下经约30分钟。
本发明的混合式构件可应用于汽车制造、飞机工业、导轨制造等，典型应用是前端(缓冲器)领域。
附图说明
图1阐述了经KTL处理和不经KTL处理的金属/塑料复合件的粘附值。
具体实施方式
实施例
为阐明该粘附性改进，对相应的金属/塑料复合件进行了拉伸试验，该复合件用各种VESTAMELT热熔粘合剂连接。为突出温度影响，该试样在KTL处理(190℃，30分钟)前和处理后均进行测试。未经处理的即未涂底漆(热熔粘合剂)的试样件具有非常小的粘附性，如图所示，通过应用聚酰胺热熔粘合剂可达明显改进。由此其后构件的机械性能有很大改进，以致其明显的较大意义在于可用作形成结构的构件。
该金属在涂覆前要经去油，以具有均匀的表面，并避色粘附系数分布不匀。此处，将金属部件预热到60～80℃对润湿是有利的。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于制备由金属和聚合物构成的混合式构件的方法，其特征在于，该金属与聚合物通过基于共聚酰胺的热熔粘合剂相连接。
2.权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，该金属和聚合物通过还含有异氰酸酯和环氧化物的基于共聚酰胺的热熔粘合剂相连接。
3.权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于，使用基于月桂内酰胺的共聚酰胺。
4.上述权利要求中任一项的方法，其特征在于，该热熔粘合剂含2.5～15％的嵌段异氰酸酯和2.5～10％的环氧化物。
5.上述权利要求中任一项的方法，其特征在于，用静电喷枪或经合适的涂漆系统对金属全部或局部涂以热熔粘合剂，接着在150℃下烧结约150秒。
6.权利要求4的方法，其特征在于，接着使该混合式构件通过KTL炉以涂漆。
7.上述权利要求中任一项的混合式构件，应用于在汽车制造或飞机制造中。
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CN105637051A (zh) * 2013-01-29 2016-06-01 赢创德固赛有限公司 用于金属-塑料-混合部件的粘附力增强剂组合物和底漆组合物
CN105637051B (zh) * 2013-01-29 2019-02-15 赢创德固赛有限公司 用于金属-塑料-混合部件的粘附力增强剂组合物和底漆组合物
US10273390B2 (en) 2013-01-29 2019-04-30 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Adhesion promoter compositions and primer compositions for metal-plastic hybrid components
US11078390B2 (en) 2013-01-29 2021-08-03 Evonik Operations Gmbh Adhesion promoter compositions and primer compositions for metal-plastic hybrid components
CN104540412A (zh) * 2013-07-11 2015-04-22 赢创工业集团股份有限公司 包括防滑鞋钉或防滑鞋钉内座的运动鞋
CN113214778A (zh) * 2020-01-17 2021-08-06 大赛璐赢创株式会社 固化性树脂组合物、其用途、及其制造方法

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BRPI0700048B1 (pt) 2018-01-02
US8153269B2 (en) 2012-04-10
JP2007190917A (ja) 2007-08-02
KR101350111B1 (ko) 2014-01-09
US7951260B2 (en) 2011-05-31
CN101003635B (zh) 2012-11-21
KR20070076512A (ko) 2007-07-24
ATE462564T1 (de) 2010-04-15
DE102006002125A1 (de) 2007-07-19
US20070163709A1 (en) 2007-07-19
JP4970964B2 (ja) 2012-07-11
DE502006006568D1 (de) 2010-05-12
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RU2441098C2 (ru) 2012-01-27
EP1808468A3 (de) 2009-01-07

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