CN100471384C - Method of barbadosnut seedlings - Google Patents
Method of barbadosnut seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN100471384C CN100471384C CNB2007100980635A CN200710098063A CN100471384C CN 100471384 C CN100471384 C CN 100471384C CN B2007100980635 A CNB2007100980635 A CN B2007100980635A CN 200710098063 A CN200710098063 A CN 200710098063A CN 100471384 C CN100471384 C CN 100471384C
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Abstract
The seedling raising process with seed of barbadosnut includes the steps of preparation before seeding, seeding, seedling stage management, and discharging seedling. The preparation before seeding includes preparation of land and preparation of seed. The method of the present invention has high seedling survival rate, fast growth of barbadosnut seedlings and capacity of obtaining great amount of strong barbadosnut seedlings.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant seed seedling-cultivating method, more particularly relate to a kind of method of barbadosnut seedlings.
Two, background technology
Jatropha curcas is a kind of multipurpose seeds of drought-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, is distributed widely in the torrid zone or subtropical zone, and main product is in America and the torrid zone, Africa.Jatropha curcas can grow in the dry-hot valley area of rainfall rareness, inclement condition, is the important species that the solid soil of windproof imperial sand, water conservation, anti-reservoir dam are damaged by worms, improved the ecological environment, and in addition, Jatropha curcas is the primary raw material crop of production biodiesel; The leaf of Jatropha curcas, stem, fruit also can be used as the raw material of antibacterial sterilization bio-pharmaceuticals, biopesticide, and the dregs of fat after the detoxification also can be made albumen powder for feed and compound fertilizer etc.In the recent period, the United Nations is widely used in dry-hot valley area ecological construction with Jatropha curcas and extract thereof, and is helped as the major project of poverty alleviation.Therefore, Jatropha curcas has the important ecological value, economic worth and social value.
Jatropha curcas mainly is distributed in ground such as Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan in China, maximum with Yunnan, take second place in Sichuan.Geological structure complexity in the main distributed areas of Jatropha curcas, severe water and soil erosion, mountain region disaster is serious, and ecotope is fragile.Therefore, make full use of the marginal land, regional establishing in large scale Jatropha curcas that ecological degradation is serious, vegetation restoration and reconstruction is difficult such as dry-hot valley areas.Manually quickened this type of regional revegetation, helped improving relevant basin vegetation state, prevent erosion, thereby improve the ecological environment.Yunnan Jatropha curcas biomass resource is the good kind of dry-hot valley area revegetation, ecological value height, and the living beings forestry products of its output are good in economic efficiency.Adopt advanced oil expression technology to produce feedstock oil, obtain kind of a shell, feedstock oil and grouts, by-product kind shell is the active carbon raw material of high-quality, and grouts carry out can be used as high-quality protein feed or fertilizer after the simple process, also can obtain the very high toxalbumin of medical value to the further deep processing of grouts; Feedstock oil is carried out the accurately machined while can obtain being worth very high medical glycerine.Therefore, the difficult district's plantation of, vegetation restoration and reconstruction serious Jatropha curcas in ecological degradation, particularly important, it conserves water and soil to ecological recovery, prevents to desertify, and guarantees reservoir area, embankment safety, and minimizing disaster etc. has very important realistic meaning.
At present, just at the large tracts of land artificial planting, mainly be to adopt seed seedling-raising and cuttage and seedling culture to plant on Sichuan, Yunnan and other places, relatively the seed seedling-raising plantation is comparatively economical, suitable.But all the time, seed seedling-raising only rest on experience and with the aspect of other plant reference on, the neither one standard techniques instructs, the result is very inconsistent.For this reason, be badly in need of researching and proposing a survival rate of seedling height, the fast guidance method of growing seedlings of emerging.
Three, summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to improve survival rate for the required a large amount of high quality seedlings of establishing in large scale Jatropha curcas provide a kind of, cultivate the method for barbadosnut seedlings in strong sprout.
Method of barbadosnut seedlings of the present invention, comprise that the preceding preparation of sowing, type of seeding, seedling management and seedling go out the garden step, wherein, prepare comprising plough preparation and seed preparation before the described sowing, described arable land was prepared as sowing preceding 15-20 days, plough the soil, remove foreign material, the Exposure to Sunlight sterilization, following preplanting treatment is by wide 1.2-1.5m, high 10-35cm does the railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment length is decided on the field piece, and the farming material that mixes evenly is sprinkling upon the railway carriage or compartment face, turns evenly and the degree of depth is 8-10cm, standard, smooth railway carriage or compartment face, flood irrigation railway carriage or compartment face then; Described seed is prepared as selected well-developed seed, injects clean water and soaks, and after 15-20 minute, takes advantage of the 1-5% carbendazim seed dressing with grain weight when half-dried of the surface of the seed moisture, makes carbendazim be bonded at the surface of the seed, sowing in time equably.Described farmingization material is by 25-80 gram/rice
2Composite fertilizer, 5-30 gram/rice
2Carbendazim and 10-20 gram/rice
2Red evenly mixing of furans formed.
In method of barbadosnut seedlings of the present invention, described type of seeding is for to sow in the 2-3 month in every year, covering the fixedly even perforating of perforating device of seeding row spacing of railway carriage or compartment face of film, click and enter in the eye of just having accomplished fluently waiting the seed of planting, every 1-3 grain, perforating and dibbling are carried out synchronously, do not make an open-assembly time of getting long, cause water evaporates drying in the eye, the eye of getting the same day will finish in dibbling on the same day, in time is covered with moist soil after the dibbling, railway carriage or compartment face soil moisture when the wetness of soil can not be lower than sowing, earthing must be filled and led up kind of eye and surpass kind of an eye radius 2-5cm, and earthing and dibbling are carried out synchronously.
In the present invention, described perforating device is made by timber, and preparation method is: with long 120cm, wide 5cm, the batten 2-3 root of thick 3cm determines that according to the centre position of batten width the line-spacing of adjacent two battens is 10-20cm, and is fixedly connected by iron nail with identical wide, thick batten again; Determine that in the centre position of every batten width spacing in the rows is 5-10cm, beating diameter in the spacing in the rows site is the eye of 2cm, with cutting the diameter that makes in advance is that the cylindrical wooden peg of 2cm hammers in the eye, sticking firm fixed with wood glue, make the wooden peg protruded length between 3-8cm, the end top that wooden peg exposes is whittled into nail shape, fastens rope at whole perforating device two ends, completes.
The position of seedling management step for noticing that seedling grows is if seedling is departed from kind of eye distance and will manually give to set upright from little; If seedling is departed from kind of eye distance from will give rupture of membranes on the spot again and widen the view more than 2-15cm; Miao Qihou, indivedual seeds can not be emerged by the influence of various factors, at this moment, the work of filling the gaps with seedlings; When just sprouting, weeds in time remove; General base fertilizer just can provide seedling stage enough nutrients.But seedling stage the Jatropha curcas fast growth, season, drying was big to the demand of moisture, note watering and prevention and elimination of disease and pests in good time, simultaneously, the nutrient that can also promote base fertilizer that waters decomposes, and helps the absorption of plant root.
When damage by disease and insect is powdery mildew, spray the blade face with become rusty clever 500-1500 times of liquid of powder, every 5-10 days 1 time, 2-5 time continuously.When damage by disease and insect is leaf spot, spray the blade face with 1500-2500 times of liquid of ambam aqua, every 5-10 days 1 time, 2-5 time continuously.When damage by disease and insect was damping off, 500-2000 doubly sprayed the blade face with the thiophanate methyl pulvis, every 5-10 days 1 time, and 2-5 time continuously.When damage by disease and insect is sandy beach cricket and ant, use period poison bait.
It is to water permeable to the seedbed afternoon on the previous day of getting seedling that seedling goes out the garden step, when getting seedling, both hands are held the root of seedling as far as possible, double swerve firmly gently, simultaneously upwards firmly, slowly choose, and in time the seedling that takes out is wiped out blade with scissors, the petiole that will keep 1-5cm on the branch keeps top blade 1-5 sheet, and encases the seedling root with half wet newspaper, the food bag of packing into, food bag is tied a knot at the above 5-10cm of the root of seedling place and is tied up, and knotting place will have half wet newspaper to make liner, and the seedling that bundle is good in time is transported to the indoor of cool place or transports.Can go out the garden after growing seedlings 90-100 days, seedling is divided into three grades, and the seedling below three grades is not suitable for the afforestation plantation, should continue to hold up strong.
The present invention is by the exploratory development for many years in production practices, comparative trial, summed up and obtained high-servival rate, the barbadosnut seedlings technology operation method in anosis strong sprout, and can cultivate strong sprout then, transplant then, can accelerate the breeding of Jatropha curcas, promote growth, can be that Jatropha curcas is administered the dry-hot valley ecotope, the industrialization plantation provides a large amount of high quality seedlings, can produce huge ecological benefits and economic benefit.
Below further specify the present invention by specific embodiment, but embodiment only be used for the explanation, can not limit the scope of the invention.
Four, embodiment
Embodiment 1: carry out according to the following steps
One, the preparation before the Jatropha curcas sowing:
Plough and prepare: preceding 15-20 days of sowing, plough the soil, remove foreign material, the Exposure to Sunlight sterilization.The railway carriage or compartment is done in following preplanting treatment: do the railway carriage or compartment by wide 1.2-1.5m, high 10-35cm, railway carriage or compartment length is decided on the field piece.The farming material that mixes evenly is sprinkling upon the railway carriage or compartment face, and (farmingization material mixed method: ground, every square metre of railway carriage or compartment restrains with composite fertilizer 25-80, and carbendazim 5-30 restrains, and the red 10-20 gram of furans mixes, be the commercially available prod), turn evenly and the degree of depth is 8-10cm, standard, smooth railway carriage or compartment face, flood irrigation railway carriage or compartment face then.Seed is prepared: selected well-developed seed, and inject clean water and soak, after 15-20 minute, take advantage of the 1-5% carbendazim seed dressing with grain weight when half-dried of the surface of the seed moisture, make carbendazim be bonded at the surface of the seed, sowing in time equably.
Two, type of seeding:
Sow about 2-3 month every year greatly, method be at the railway carriage or compartment face that is covering film with the fixedly even perforating of perforating device of seeding row spacing, the seed for the treatment of kind is clicked and entered in the eye of just having accomplished fluently, do not make an open-assembly time of getting long, should the carrying out synchronously of perforating and dibbling.In time be covered with moist soil after the dibbling, railway carriage or compartment face soil moisture when the wetness of soil can not be lower than sowing, earthing is to fill and lead up kind of eye and to surpass kind of an eye radius 2-5cm, and earthing will carry out synchronously with dibbling.
Three, the Jatropha curcas seedling management of growing seedlings
General sowing began to emerge in 4-5 days, will manually give to set upright from little if seedling is departed from kind of eye distance; If seedling is departed from kind of eye distance from will give rupture of membranes again and widen the view more than 5-15cm, and is covered with wetland.Sow 15-20 days seedlings neat after, indivedual seeds can not be emerged by the influence of various factors, reseed work.After the Miao Qi, weeds in field also begins growth, and the railway carriage or compartment face under the general black mulch film can not grow more, bigger weeds, can remove, and the railway carriage or compartment ditch is the most vigorous place of weed growth, remove when weeds just sprout totally, and dry up.
Seedling stage, Jatropha curcas was short vegetative period, and general base fertilizer just can provide seedling stage enough nutrients.But seedling stage is big to the demand of moisture, note watering in good time, and the nutrient that can also promote base fertilizer that waters decomposes, and helps the absorption of root system.Water and adopt railway carriage or compartment ditch segmentation flood irrigation mode, prevent that current are too urgent,, keep the railway carriage or compartment ditch water surface and railway carriage or compartment face basic horizontal, treat in time water to be entered when moisture just soaks into whole railway carriage or compartment face next section in order to avoid wash away the railway carriage or compartment face.
The Jatropha curcas sprout term disease mainly contains powdery mildew, damping off and leaf spot, and the method for control is in the seedling growth process, sprays a 1:1:100-200 bordeaux mixture every 10-15 days, finds that simultaneously diseased plant will in time go out the rural area clearly, keeps the field cleaning; Find powdery mildew, in time spray the blade face with the powder clever 500-1500 times of liquid that becomes rusty, every 5-10 days 1 time, 2-5 time continuously; Find leaf spot, in time spray the blade face with 1500-2500 times of liquid of ambam aqua, every 5-10 days 1 time, 2-5 time continuously; Find damping off, in time doubly spray the blade face with thiophanate methyl pulvis 500-1500, every 5-10 days 1 time, 2-5 time continuously.Jatropha curcas insect pest in seedling stage mainly contains sandy beach cricket and ant, the method of control cricket is that (cooperation of poison bait: first rice bran and fresh vegetables or green grass leaf with stir-bake to yellowish mixes in the ratio of 1:1-2 for poison bait with certain proportioning, every 5-10 kilogram mixture is admixed the acephatemet missible oil of 20-30ml again) trapping, can play good effect; The method of control ant is also to use poison bait (cooperation of poison bait: collect fresh animal bone, it is standby to do into fritter; Brown sugar is become the semifluid thing with the vinegar mixed dissolution, and the acephatemet missible oil that every 5-10 kilogram mixture adds 20-30ml again mixes) trapping, can play good effect equally.Bait throwing in: the input of poison bait is carried out between the lights, evenly is sprinkling upon the comparatively frequent place of pest activity, and poison bait will be with mixing with throwing.
Four, seedling goes out the garden program
Can go out the garden in general seed seedling-raising 90-100 days.The division of seedling grade, be as the criterion (unit is with cm) in plant ground trunk diameter, seedling is divided into three grades of (one-level seedling: leading thread 〉=2cm, secondary seedlings: 1.5cm≤leading thread＜2cm, three grades of seedlings: 0.8cm≤leading thread＜1.5cm), the seedling below three grades is not suitable for the afforestation plantation.It is to water permeable to the seedbed afternoon on the previous day of getting seedling that seedling goes out the garden method of operating, when getting seedling, both hands are held the root of seedling as far as possible, double swerve firmly upwards firmly, is slowly chosen simultaneously gently, and in time the seedling that takes out is wiped out blade with scissors, when pruning, to keep the petiole of 1-5cm on the branch, keep top blade 1-5 sheet.And encasing the seedling root with half wet newspaper, the food bag of packing into, food bag are tied a knot at the above 5-10cm of the root of seedling place and are tied up.The seedling that bundle is good in time is transported to the indoor of cool place or transports.The time interval between the ground can not be above 36-72 hour under the seedling to get seedling.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of method of barbadosnut seedlings, it is characterized in that comprising that the preceding preparation of sowing, type of seeding, seedling management and seedling go out the garden step, wherein, prepare comprising plough preparation and seed preparation before the described sowing, described arable land was prepared as sowing preceding 15-20 days, plough the soil, remove foreign material, the Exposure to Sunlight sterilization, following preplanting treatment is by wide 1.2-1.5m, high 10-35cm does the railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment length is decided on the field piece, and the farming material that mixes evenly is sprinkling upon the railway carriage or compartment face, turns evenly and the degree of depth is 8-10cm, standard, smooth railway carriage or compartment face, flood irrigation railway carriage or compartment face then; Described seed is prepared as selected well-developed seed, injects clean water and soaks, and after 15-20 minute, takes advantage of the carbendazim seed dressing with grain weight 1-5% when half-dried of the surface of the seed moisture, makes carbendazim be bonded at the surface of the seed, sowing in time equably.
2, method of barbadosnut seedlings according to claim 1 is characterized in that described farmingization material is by 25-80 gram/rice
2Composite fertilizer, 5-30 gram/rice
2Carbendazim and 10-20 gram/rice
2Red evenly mixing of furans formed.
3, method of barbadosnut seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described type of seeding is for to sow in the 2-3 month in every year, covering the fixedly even perforating of perforating device of seeding row spacing of railway carriage or compartment face of film, click and enter in the eye of just having accomplished fluently waiting the seed of planting, every 1-3 grain, perforating and dibbling are carried out synchronously, in time be covered with moist soil after the dibbling, railway carriage or compartment face soil moisture when the wetness of soil can not be lower than sowing, earthing must be filled and led up kind of eye and surpass kind of an eye radius 2-5cm, and earthing and dibbling are carried out synchronously.
4, method of barbadosnut seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the position of seedling management step for noticing that seedling grows, if departing from kind of eye distance, seedling to manually give to set upright from little, if seedling is departed from kind of eye distance from will give rupture of membranes on the spot again and widen the view more than 2-15cm, and in time fill the gaps with seedlings, remove weeds, water and prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
5, method of barbadosnut seedlings according to claim 4 is characterized in that when damage by disease and insect is powdery mildew, sprays the blade face with become rusty clever 500-1500 times of liquid of powder, every 5-10 days 1 time, and 2-5 time continuously.
6, method of barbadosnut seedlings according to claim 4 is characterized in that when damage by disease and insect is leaf spot, sprays the blade face with 1500-2500 times of liquid of ambam aqua, every 5-10 days 1 time, and 2-5 time continuously.
7, method of barbadosnut seedlings according to claim 4 is characterized in that when damage by disease and insect is damping off, sprays the blade face with 500-2000 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl pulvis, every 5-10 days 1 time, and 2-5 time continuously.
8, method of barbadosnut seedlings according to claim 4 is characterized in that using period poison bait when damage by disease and insect is sandy beach cricket and ant.
9, method of barbadosnut seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that it is to water permeable to the seedbed afternoon on the previous day of getting seedling that described seedling goes out the garden step, when getting seedling, both hands are held the root of seedling as far as possible, double swerve firmly gently, simultaneously upwards firmly, slowly choose, and in time the seedling that takes out is wiped out blade with scissors, will keep the petiole of 1-5cm on the branch, keep top blade 1-5 sheet, and encasing the seedling root with half wet newspaper, the food bag of packing into, food bag are tied a knot at the above 5-10cm of the root of seedling place and are tied up, knotting place will have half wet newspaper to make liner, and the seedling that bundle is good in time is transported to the indoor of cool place or transports.
10, method of barbadosnut seedlings according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described perforating device made by timber, preparation method is: with long 120cm, wide 5cm, the batten 2-3 root of thick 3cm, determine that according to the centre position of batten width the line-spacing of adjacent two battens is 10-20cm, fixedly connected with identical wide, thick batten again by iron nail; Determine that in the centre position of every batten width spacing in the rows is 5-10cm, beating diameter in the spacing in the rows site is the eye of 2cm, with cutting the diameter that makes in advance is that the cylindrical wooden peg of 2cm hammers in the eye, sticking firm fixed with wood glue, make the wooden peg protruded length between 3-8cm, the end top that wooden peg exposes is whittled into nail shape, fastens rope at whole perforating device two ends, completes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100980635A CN100471384C (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2007-04-27 | Method of barbadosnut seedlings |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2007100980635A CN100471384C (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2007-04-27 | Method of barbadosnut seedlings |
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| CN101032215A CN101032215A (en) | 2007-09-12 |
| CN100471384C true CN100471384C (en) | 2009-03-25 |
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| CNB2007100980635A Expired - Fee Related CN100471384C (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2007-04-27 | Method of barbadosnut seedlings |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107616048A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-01-23 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Utilize wilson dogwood seed seedling method on scale |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102845233B (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2014-05-07 | 云南神宇新能源有限公司 | Cleft grating method for jatropha curcas seedlings |
| CN105325251B (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-12-22 | 广西科技大学鹿山学院 | A kind of live quick-growing cultivation method of Jatropha curcas |
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2007
- 2007-04-27 CN CNB2007100980635A patent/CN100471384C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (6)
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| 麻疯树秋季扦插育苗技术. 李向勇.农技服务，第7期. 2005 |
| 麻疯树秋季扦插育苗技术. 李向勇.农技服务，第7期. 2005 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107616048A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-01-23 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Utilize wilson dogwood seed seedling method on scale |
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