CN100468108C - 电光组件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种包括微电子封装(20)和光学基底(62)的电子组件,其中该光学基底包括耦合器(70)和波导(72)。电光元件(54)被配置成把来自微电子封装(20)的电信号转换到用于传输到耦合器(70)和波导(72)的光信号,和/或接收光信号并把它转换到用于传输到微电子封装(20)的电信号。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及以紧凑但功能性方式封装带有一个或多个光学部件的微电子部件的装置及方法。本发明特别涉及在光电封装和具有波导的基地之间对准和固定电光元件的封装技术。
背景技术
较高的频带宽度,改良的性能,较低的成本,以及提高的小型化是计算机工业为要加强在计算机内芯片之间通信的现有目的。我们已经知道,集成的电路部件已经经历进一步的小型化,当这个目的达到后,需要微电子管芯变得更小。人微电子封装的类似小型化为人们所期望,因为它可减少成本和部件的外形尺寸(成形系数form factor)。
对于获得诸如10Gb/s数量级或更高的较高频宽来说,光学芯片间的通信面临着许多挑战。属于这些挑战之列的是在微处理器和光发射器/探测器芯片之间的高频宽,低等待时间的通信,在光发射器/探测器芯片和波导之间的对准与耦合,以及维持可接受的成本。迄今为止,应付所有这些挑战的困难之处在于芯片间的通信一般是用电子学方式获得。
应付面临光学芯片间的通信挑战将提供显著的好处,包括不仅减少来自诸如电磁干涉(EMI)和交叉干扰源的噪声,而且还包括光学芯片间通信提供的较高的频宽。但是,电光组件提供对可能设置在印刷电路板上波导结构的良好对准,在微处理器和光发射器/探测器芯片之间低的电寄生,以及相当低的制造成本是必须的。
所以,发展用于把带有与集成到印刷电路板(光电PCB)上的耦合器和波导对准的电光元件的微电子封装固定到诸如印刷电路板的基底上来提供合适的电光组件将是有利的。
发明内容
根据本发明的一种电光组件,包括:具有有源侧的微电子封装,所述微电子封装包括微电子管芯和具有通道的核心,通过封装材料把所述微电子管芯粘附到所述通道中;位于所述有源侧上的组合层,所述组合层包括导电轨道;耦合到所述微电子封装的有源侧的光学基底;耦合到所述组合层的电光元件,把来自所述微电子封装和所述光学基底中的一个的信号转换并传输到所述微电子封装和所述光学基底中的另一个;以及接合剂,把所述光学基底接合所述到组合层。
根据本发明的一种制造电光封装的方法,包括:把电光元件(54)接合到具有微电子管芯(30)的微电子封装(58)的有源侧上的组合层(60)上,其中所述组合层的至少一部分在所述微电子管芯的有源表面(24)上;设置具有耦合器(70)和波导(72)的光学基底(62)以面向所述电光元件;以及把所述微电子封装上的所述组合层接合到所述光学基底,使得所述电光元件和所述光学基底被接合到组合层的同一侧,从而使得所述电光元件与所述耦合器对准。
附图说明
尽管说明书以特别指出并明白地提出哪些内容为本发明的权利要求书作为结论。但是,当与附图结合在一起阅读时,从本发明的下面描述中可更为容易地肯定本发明的优点,其中:
图1是根据本发明邻接到保护膜的微电子封装核心的侧横截面图;
图2是配置在图1中微电子封装核心的开口之内的微电子管芯的侧横截面图;
图3是在已封装好微电子管芯之后的图2中组件的侧横截面图;
图4是已除去保护膜之后的图3中的组件的侧横截面图;
图5是说明在微子管芯上电触点的图4中组件的侧横截面图;
图6是说明覆盖电触点的电介质层的图5中组件的侧横截面图;
图7是在多个经过电介质层的通孔形成之后的图6中组件的侧横截面图;
图8是说明多个导电轨道的形成的图7中组件的侧横截面图;
图9是说明焊料掩膜和通孔的图8中组件的侧横截面图;
图10是说明多个焊料球的形成的图9中组件的侧横截面图;
图1是说明电连接到微电子管芯的电光元件的图10中组件的侧横截面图;以及
图12是固定到具有耦合器和波导的电光印刷电路板上的图1中组件的侧横截面图。
具体实施方式
虽然图1-12图示说明了本发明的各种视图,但这些图并不意味着用精确的细节来描绘出微电子和光学的组件。相反,这些图以一种更为清楚的方法来说明微电子和光学的组件来传达本发明的概念。另外,应注意到在整个各种视图中,在各图之间共用的元件保留相同的数字指示。
本发明包括一种封装技术,这个技术以把电光元件与在电光PCB上的耦合器和波导对准的方式把微电子封装固定到电光PCB上。在微电子封装和电光PCB之间配置这电光元件,从而把来自在微电子封装中微电子管芯的电信号转换成被传输到耦合器和波导的光信号。或者,这电光元件可把来自在电光PCB上的耦合器和波导的光信号转换成被传输到微电子封装的电信号。
图1示出微电子封装核心20,它包括用于制作具有在其中形成开口(opening)22的微电子封装的基本上是平面的材料。开口22从第一、有源表面24到对面的、第二表面26,完整地延伸穿过微电子封装核心20。正如将会理解的,开口22可以是具有受到唯一限制的任何形状和尺寸,这个形状和尺寸就是要被合适的做成能容纳在其中的、相应的微电子管芯,如下面讨论。
图1示出邻接在保护膜28上的该微电子封装核心第二表面26。具有有源表面32和后背表面34的微电子管芯30被放置在微电子封装核心20的开口22中,如图2所示。这样来放置微电子管芯30,使得它的有源表面32邻接于可能在其上具有诸如硅有机树脂粘合剂的保护膜28上。保护膜28附接到微电子封装核心20的第一,即有源,表面24和微电子管芯30的有源表面32,如图4所示。或者,保护膜28可以是依赖于封装工艺的非粘合薄膜。
具体地说,在将微电子管芯30和微电子封装核心20放置在能供封装工艺过程之用的铸模或其它的设备部件中之前,涂敷粘合型保护膜28。保护膜28还可以是诸如EPFE(乙烯-五氟乙烯)或聚四氟乙烯()的非粘合的膜,它被可供封装工艺过程所用的铸模或其它设备的部件的内表面固定在微电子管芯有源表面32和微电子封装核心的第一(即有源)表面24上。在这两种情况中,在封装过程后,保护膜28将从微电子管芯30的有源表面32和微电子封装核心20的第一(即有源)表面24被除去。
然后,采用封装材料36填入在微电子封装核心20中未被微电子管芯30占有的开口22中的部分来封装微电子管芯30,如图5所示。微电子管芯30的封装可通过包括但并不限于转移和加压模铸,和撒布(dispense)的任何已知的工艺来实现。也可能在不用保护膜的情况下来完成这种封装过程。封装材料36起着在微电子封装核心20之内固定微电子管芯30的作用,并对随后导电轨道层的建立的表面区以及最后结构提供机械的坚固性。
在封装之后,除去保护膜28,如图4所示,以暴露微电子管芯有源表面32,而封装材料36在微电子封装核心20和微电子管芯30之间的空间起填料作用。结果是基本上与微电子管芯有源表面32和微电子封装核心的第一,即有源表面24共平面的至少一个表面38。图5示出在微电子封装核心20之内用封装材料36所封装的微电子管芯30。微电子管芯30包括在微电子管芯有源表面32上设置的多个电触点40。电触点40被连接到微电子管芯30中的电路系统(未出示),但是,为了简单和清晰,应理解在图5中仅示出4个电触点40。
如图6所示,在微电子管芯有源表面32上配置着诸如环氧树脂,聚酰亚胺,二苯并环丁烯,以及诸如此类化合物的电介质层42。电介质层42覆盖诸电触点40以及微电子封装核心第一或有源表面24和封装材料表面38。电介质层42的形成可通过包括,但并不限于,层压,旋转涂膜,滚动涂膜,和喷雾沉积的任何已知的工艺过程。
如图7所示,然后用包括但并不限于激光打孔,光刻等在本领域中任何已知的方法,穿过电介质层42来形成多个通孔44,如果电介质层42是光敏的,则可用在光刻工艺过程中制作光刻胶掩膜的相同方法来形成多个通孔44,如在本领域中已知的。
在电介质层42上形成多个导电轨道46,如图8所示,为了与在微电子管芯30上的触点40电接触,形成多个导电轨道46的每个中的一部分,使其延伸到多个通孔44中的至少一个中(参见图7)。多个导电轨道46可由诸如铜,铝,其合金,如导电的聚合物树脂的任何合适的导电材料形成。
多个导电轨道46可用包括但并不限于半添加电镀和光刻技术的任何已知技术来形成。一种示范性的半添加电镀技术可牵涉到在电介质层42上沉积诸如溅射沉积或无电镀沉积金属的籽晶层。然后可沉积抗蚀层,然后在籽晶层上做图形。然后在做好图形的抗蚀层上被开口区暴露的籽晶层上用电解电镀涂敷一层诸如铜的金属层。于是,可把做好图形的抗蚀层剥离,而在其上没有被电镀金属层的籽晶层中的一部分腐蚀掉以完成导电轨道46的形成。尽管在前面陈述了一种用于形成导电轨道的已知技术,但是形成多个导电轨道46的其它方法,对在本领域中的技术人员是明白的。
用于沉积电介质材料,形成通孔,和形成轨道的工艺步骤的序列可以根据需要而被重复,从而将轨道按照要求沉积在特定位置上以获得合适的互连或满足电气的或其它的性能规格。一旦形成导电轨道46,可把它们用于与焊料凸缘,焊料球,针脚,及诸如此类焊料的导电互连的形成,从而用来与诸如光学基底的外部部件的通信。例如,在电介质层42上可沉积焊料掩膜材料48,于是可在焊料掩膜材料48中形成带有焊料掩膜开口51的导电轨道46,如图9所示,以及多个通孔50,以暴露每个导电轨道46中的至少一个区段。可放置多个诸如球栅格阵列(BGA)的导电凸缘52与导电轨道46的暴露区段相接触,并用回流工艺固定在那里,如图10所示。
图1示出与至少一个导电轨道46相接触的诸如纵向空腔表面发射激光器(VCSEL)或光探测器的电光元件54,用于把来自微电子管芯30的电信号转换成光信号,或者反过来转换亦行。如图1所示,电光元件54通过焊料球56和一对导电轨道46相接触,所述焊料球通过回流工艺把电光元件54固定到微电子封装58。正如将会理解的,微电子封装58是由微电子封装核心20,微电子管芯30,封装材料36,以及由电介质层42,导电轨道46和焊料掩膜材料48限定的一个或多个组合层60所限定的。
如图12所示,用BGA52,固定到微电子封装58的电光PCB62具有第一表面66和第一表面66对面的第二表面68。图12示出耦合器70和波导72被安装于第一和第二表面中的诸如第一表面66的一个表面之中或之上,或在中间的位置处,且把它放在相对于微电子封装58的有源一侧与微电子管芯有源表面32隔开,但是面向着它。图12还示出微电子封装58的有源侧至少部分地分别由微电子管芯30的有源表面32和对应的微电子封装核心20的有源表面24和38,以及封装材料36所限定,所有这些表面是共面的。图12还进一步示出在微电子封装58有源侧上的组合层即诸层60被分别安装在微电子管芯有源表面42和微电子封装核心20相应的有源表面24和38,以及封装材料36中的至少一个,且较佳的是所有的之上。示于图12中BGA接合处的位置由焊料掩膜开口51的位置所决定。如果做图形工艺是基于光刻的,那么用于把微电子封装58固定到电光印刷线路板64的BGA球和固定电光元件54的BGA球的焊料掩膜开口,较佳的应是由作为相同的做图形的工艺或用相同的掩膜一次曝光来制作。
可通过焊料自对准来获得在电光元件和耦合器之间的对准,例如,可由BGA回流来获得这种自对准。用这方法成功的对准要求耦合器相对于光学基底的BGA焊料掩膜开口的精确位置。
还是参考图12,电光元件54可包括集成透镜76来聚焦并传输到或来自耦合器70和波导72光信号。一般来说,邻近耦合器70和波导72,如在78处那样,可把折射率匹配的材料安装在集成透镜76的表面上,图12还示出,例如在面向微电子封装58的一侧,光学基底62可包括在其上具有耦合器70和波导72的印刷电路板。
有了本发明实施例这样详细的描述,要知道,由所附权利要求书中所规定的本发明,并不限于在上面描述中陈述的特殊细节,因为在不违背其精神实质或范围的情况下,有其许多明显的变化是可能的。
Claims (23)
1.一种电光组件,包括:
具有有源侧的微电子封装,所述微电子封装包括微电子管芯和具有通道的核心,通过封装材料把所述微电子管芯粘附到所述通道中;
位于所述有源侧上的组合层,所述组合层包括导电轨道;
耦合到所述微电子封装的有源侧的光学基底;
耦合到所述组合层的电光元件,把来自所述微电子封装和所述光学基底中的一个的信号转换并传输到所述微电子封装和所述光学基底中的另一个;以及
接合剂,把所述光学基底接合到所述组合层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电光组件,其特征在于,其中所述光学基底具有耦合器和波导,所述耦合器与电光元件对准以耦合在微电子封装和光学基底之间的信号。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电光组件,其特征在于,所述有源侧由所述微电子管芯的有源表面和所述核心的对应表面所限定。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电光组件,其特征在于,其中在微电子封装的核心中的通道中的所述封装材料与微电子管芯的所述有源表面是共面的。
5.根据权利要求3所述的电光组件,其特征在于,所述组合层还包括电介质层和焊料掩膜材料,其中所述电介质层支承与所述微电子管芯电接触的导电轨道。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电光组件,其特征在于,所述导电轨道为在所述微电子封装的所述有源侧上的接触而延伸穿过所述电介质层。
7.根据权利要求5所述的电光组件,包括焊料球以通过所述组合层上焊料掩模的做好图形的开口把所述电光元件固定到所述导电轨道。
8.根据权利要求7所述的电光组件,其特征在于,其中所述接合剂包括焊料球,所述焊料球固定到所述光学基底并固定到在所述微电子封装的所述组合层上的已做好图形的开口。
9.根据权利要求8所述的电光组件,其特征在于,其中用于所述电光元件和所述接合剂的所述已做好图形的开口是采用在用于所述焊料掩膜的单一薄层中的单次构图工艺来做成图形的。
10.根据权利要求9所述的电光组件,其特征在于,其中所述构图工艺包括用单一的光刻掩膜对用于所述电光元件和接合剂的所述图形开口做图形。
11.根据权利要求2所述的电光组件,其特征在于,其中所述电光元件转换来自所述微电子管芯与所述耦合器和波导中的一个的信号,并把转换后的信号传输到所述微电子管芯与所述耦合器和波导中的另一个。
12.根据权利要求2所述的电光组件,其特征在于,其中所述电光元件把来自所述微电子管芯的电信号转移到光信号,并把所述光信号传输到所述耦合器与波导中。
13.根据权利要求2所述的电光组件,其特征在于,其中所述电光元件把来自所述耦合器与波导的光信号转换成电信号,并把所述电信号传输到所述微电子管芯。
14.根据权利要求2所述的电光组件,在邻近所述耦合器处,在所述电光组件的表面上包括折射率匹配的材料。
15.根据权利要求2所述的电光组件,其特征在于,其中所述电光元件包括集成透镜,以把所述光信号聚焦并传输到所述耦合器。
16.根据权利要求1所述的电光组件,其特征在于,其中所述电光元件在所述微电子封装和所述光学基底之间并包括一VCSEL。
17.根据权利要求1所述的电光组件,其特征在于,其中所述电光元件在所述微电子封装和所述光学基底之间并包括光探测器。
18.根据权利要求1所述的电光组件,其特征在于,其中所述光学基底包括在其上具有耦合器和波导的印刷电路板。
19.根据权利要求5所述的电光组件,其特征在于,所述电光元件和所述光学基底都直接耦合到所述组合层上。
20.一种制造电光封装的方法,包括:
把电光元件(54)接合到具有微电子管芯(30)的微电子封装(58)的有源侧上的组合层(60)上,其中所述组合层的至少一部分在所述微电子管芯的有源表面(24)上;
设置具有耦合器(70)和波导(72)的光学基底(62)以面向所述电光元件;以及
把所述微电子封装上的所述组合层接合到所述光学基底,使得所述电光元件和所述光学基底被接合到组合层的同一侧,从而使得所述电光元件与所述耦合器对准。
21.根据权利要求20所述方法,其特征在于,其中用焊料球把所述电光元件接合到在所述微电子封装的所述有源侧上的组合层上焊料掩膜的已做好图形的开口。
22.根据权利要求20所述方法,其特征在于,其中用焊料球把所述光学基底接合到在所述微电子封装的所述有源侧上的组合层上焊料掩膜的已做好图形的开口。
23.根据权利要求20所述的方法,其特征在于,在电光元件和耦合器之间的对准采用焊料自对准。
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- 2003-09-12 CN CNB038225255A patent/CN100468108C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-09-12 WO PCT/US2003/028811 patent/WO2004029680A2/en active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2003274975A1 (en) | 2004-04-19 |
CN1685261A (zh) | 2005-10-19 |
MY134515A (en) | 2007-12-31 |
US7039263B2 (en) | 2006-05-02 |
AU2003274975A8 (en) | 2004-04-19 |
WO2004029680A2 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
TWI228608B (en) | 2005-03-01 |
EP1543367A2 (en) | 2005-06-22 |
JP4163689B2 (ja) | 2008-10-08 |
US20040057649A1 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
TW200408842A (en) | 2004-06-01 |
WO2004029680A3 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
JP2005539274A (ja) | 2005-12-22 |
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