CN100345593C - 用于制备肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物中的用途 - Google Patents
用于制备肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物中的用途 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100345593C CN100345593C CNB038185911A CN03818591A CN100345593C CN 100345593 C CN100345593 C CN 100345593C CN B038185911 A CNB038185911 A CN B038185911A CN 03818591 A CN03818591 A CN 03818591A CN 100345593 C CN100345593 C CN 100345593C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- casein kinase
- kidney disease
- kidney
- glu
- oligonucleotide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 208000017169 kidney disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 233
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 91
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 108010010919 Casein Kinase II Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 337
- 102000052052 Casein Kinase II Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 308
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 201000008383 nephritis Diseases 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 206010018364 Glomerulonephritis Diseases 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 claims description 22
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 208000007342 Diabetic Nephropathies Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000033679 diabetic kidney disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 201000006334 interstitial nephritis Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000009304 Acute Kidney Injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000033626 Renal failure acute Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000020832 chronic kidney disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000009925 nephrosclerosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 60
- 229940122360 Casein kinase 2 inhibitor Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 108091034117 Oligonucleotide Proteins 0.000 description 134
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 129
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 108
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 88
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 59
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 55
- 239000000074 antisense oligonucleotide Substances 0.000 description 54
- 238000012230 antisense oligonucleotides Methods 0.000 description 54
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 50
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 49
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 42
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 41
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 38
- 108091032973 (ribonucleotides)n+m Proteins 0.000 description 32
- 239000013615 primer Substances 0.000 description 32
- 102000005403 Casein Kinases Human genes 0.000 description 27
- 108010031425 Casein Kinases Proteins 0.000 description 27
- 239000002299 complementary DNA Substances 0.000 description 27
- 108020004999 messenger RNA Proteins 0.000 description 27
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 26
- DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N creatinine Chemical compound CN1CC(=O)NC1=N DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 26
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 25
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 24
- 235000019624 protein content Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 22
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 21
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 21
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 20
- 230000000692 anti-sense effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- CVSVTCORWBXHQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N creatine Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])N(C)CC([O-])=O CVSVTCORWBXHQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 17
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000002405 diagnostic procedure Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229940117893 apigenin Drugs 0.000 description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 14
- 210000005084 renal tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 14
- 108020004459 Small interfering RNA Proteins 0.000 description 13
- KZNIFHPLKGYRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N apigenin Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1=CC(=O)C2=C(O)C=C(O)C=C2O1 KZNIFHPLKGYRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- XADJWCRESPGUTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N apigenin Natural products C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1=CC(=O)C2=CC(O)=C(O)C=C2O1 XADJWCRESPGUTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 235000008714 apigenin Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000003907 kidney function Effects 0.000 description 13
- -1 phosphotriester Chemical compound 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 12
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 12
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 description 12
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 description 12
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 description 12
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 11
- 108091000080 Phosphotransferase Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229940109239 creatinine Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 102000020233 phosphotransferase Human genes 0.000 description 11
- 230000002485 urinary effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 102100027992 Casein kinase II subunit beta Human genes 0.000 description 10
- 101000858625 Homo sapiens Casein kinase II subunit beta Proteins 0.000 description 10
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000002969 morbid Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 229960003624 creatine Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 239000006046 creatine Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 9
- 210000003292 kidney cell Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 9
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 101150112014 Gapdh gene Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 108010068265 aspartyltyrosine Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 7
- 101710163270 Nuclease Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001952 enzyme assay Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010253 intravenous injection Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 7
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003757 reverse transcription PCR Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 125000000175 2-thienyl group Chemical group S1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
- 206010018367 Glomerulonephritis chronic Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 6
- AYDQIZKZTQHYIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N OC(=O)C1(C)CC(C(O)=O)=CC=C1 Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C)CC(C(O)=O)=CC=C1 AYDQIZKZTQHYIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 208000001647 Renal Insufficiency Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000246 agarose gel electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 6
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMMJGEGLRURXTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethidium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C12=CC(N)=CC=C2C2=CC=C(N)C=C2[N+](CC)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZMMJGEGLRURXTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229960005542 ethidium bromide Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 230000009368 gene silencing by RNA Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001415 gene therapy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002502 liposome Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 6
- FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 6
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K thiophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=S RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 108700039887 Essential Genes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- FADYJNXDPBKVCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-Phenylalanyl-L-lysin Natural products NCCCCC(C(O)=O)NC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 FADYJNXDPBKVCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PESQCPHRXOFIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-L-methionyl-L-tyrosine Natural products CSCCC(N)C(=O)NC(C(O)=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PESQCPHRXOFIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000012408 PCR amplification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 108091030071 RNAI Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 201000006370 kidney failure Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010839 reverse transcription Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 5
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010001580 Albuminuria Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 108020000948 Antisense Oligonucleotides Proteins 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940122537 Casein kinase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000003155 DNA primer Substances 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FBNPMTNBFFAMMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Leu-Val-Arg Natural products CC(C)CC(N)C(=O)NC(C(C)C)C(=O)NC(C(O)=O)CCCN=C(N)N FBNPMTNBFFAMMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KZNQNBZMBZJQJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-glycyl-L-proline Natural products NCC(=O)N1CCCC1C(O)=O KZNQNBZMBZJQJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- ZMLRZBWCXPQADC-TUAOUCFPSA-N Pro-Val-Pro Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)N1CCC[C@@H]1C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@@H]2CCCN2 ZMLRZBWCXPQADC-TUAOUCFPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AOILQMZPNLUXCM-AVGNSLFASA-N Val-Val-Lys Chemical compound CC(C)[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCCCN AOILQMZPNLUXCM-AVGNSLFASA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000890 antigenic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 108010062796 arginyllysine Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 210000002469 basement membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 108010050848 glycylleucine Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 108010031719 prolyl-serine Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008521 reorganization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 102000040650 (ribonucleotides)n+m Human genes 0.000 description 3
- PRJNNPMIUGYOST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-N-(4-aminocyclohexyl)-8-propan-2-yl-4-N-[(4-pyridin-2-ylphenyl)methyl]pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound CC(C)c1cnn2c(NCc3ccc(cc3)-c3ccccn3)nc(NC3CCC(N)CC3)nc12 PRJNNPMIUGYOST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QHHVSXGWLYEAGX-GUBZILKMSA-N Asp-His-Gln Chemical compound C1=C(NC=N1)C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)N QHHVSXGWLYEAGX-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GBSUGIXJAAKZOW-GMOBBJLQSA-N Asp-Ile-Arg Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(O)=O GBSUGIXJAAKZOW-GMOBBJLQSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000018 DNA microarray Methods 0.000 description 3
- ULXXDWZMMSQBDC-ACZMJKKPSA-N Gln-Asp-Asp Chemical compound C(CC(=O)N)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)N ULXXDWZMMSQBDC-ACZMJKKPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IOFDDSNZJDIGPB-GVXVVHGQSA-N Gln-Leu-Val Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(O)=O IOFDDSNZJDIGPB-GVXVVHGQSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FHKZHRMERJUXRJ-DCAQKATOSA-N His-Ser-Arg Chemical compound NC(N)=NCCC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1 FHKZHRMERJUXRJ-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000010159 IgA glomerulonephritis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010021263 IgA nephropathy Diseases 0.000 description 3
- JQLFYZMEXFNRFS-DJFWLOJKSA-N Ile-Asp-His Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CN=CN1)C(=O)O)N JQLFYZMEXFNRFS-DJFWLOJKSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102100034343 Integrase Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101710203526 Integrase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- BABSVXFGKFLIGW-UWVGGRQHSA-N Leu-Gly-Arg Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCCNC(N)=N BABSVXFGKFLIGW-UWVGGRQHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CGHXMODRYJISSK-NHCYSSNCSA-N Leu-Val-Asp Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC(O)=O CGHXMODRYJISSK-NHCYSSNCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VKVDRTGWLVZJOM-DCAQKATOSA-N Leu-Val-Ser Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O VKVDRTGWLVZJOM-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000005777 Lupus Nephritis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000007993 MOPS buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- XMBSYZWANAQXEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-alpha-L-glutamyl-L-phenylalanine Natural products OC(=O)CCC(N)C(=O)NC(C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XMBSYZWANAQXEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 3
- IIRBTQHFVNGPMQ-AVGNSLFASA-N Pro-Val-Lys Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1 IIRBTQHFVNGPMQ-AVGNSLFASA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010079005 RDV peptide Proteins 0.000 description 3
- NLOAIFSWUUFQFR-CIUDSAMLSA-N Ser-Leu-Asp Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O NLOAIFSWUUFQFR-CIUDSAMLSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TZXFLDNBYYGLKA-BZSNNMDCSA-N Tyr-Asp-Tyr Chemical compound C([C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(O)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 TZXFLDNBYYGLKA-BZSNNMDCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TWAVEIJGFCBWCG-JYJNAYRXSA-N Tyr-Gln-Leu Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(C=C1)O)N TWAVEIJGFCBWCG-JYJNAYRXSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DXUVJJRTVACXSO-KKUMJFAQSA-N Tyr-Gln-Met Chemical compound CSCC[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(C=C1)O)N DXUVJJRTVACXSO-KKUMJFAQSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AZSHAZJLOZQYAY-FXQIFTODSA-N Val-Ala-Ser Chemical compound CC(C)[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O AZSHAZJLOZQYAY-FXQIFTODSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YLRAFVVWZRSZQC-DZKIICNBSA-N Val-Phe-Glu Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)O)N YLRAFVVWZRSZQC-DZKIICNBSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GBIUHAYJGWVNLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Val-Ser-Pro Natural products CC(C)C(N)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)N1CCCC1C(O)=O GBIUHAYJGWVNLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PNNCWTXUWKENPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].NC(N)=O Chemical compound [N].NC(N)=O PNNCWTXUWKENPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-KNYAHOBESA-N [[(2r,3s,4r,5r)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] dihydroxyphosphoryl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)O[32P](O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-KNYAHOBESA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010044940 alanylglutamine Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108010060035 arginylproline Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108010092854 aspartyllysine Proteins 0.000 description 3
- DHCLVCXQIBBOPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-glycerol phosphate Natural products OCC(CO)OP(O)(O)=O DHCLVCXQIBBOPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010241 blood sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- VHJLVAABSRFDPM-QWWZWVQMSA-N dithiothreitol Chemical compound SC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CS VHJLVAABSRFDPM-QWWZWVQMSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001647 drug administration Methods 0.000 description 3
- DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCOCCOCCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001631 haemodialysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000322 hemodialysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007901 in situ hybridization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007912 intraperitoneal administration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 108010064235 lysylglycine Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 210000000885 nephron Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 3
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical compound O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010053725 prolylvaline Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- CMZUMMUJMWNLFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium metavanadate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][V](=O)=O CMZUMMUJMWNLFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 3
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-{[3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound OCC1OC(CO)(OC2OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C2O)C(O)C1O CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005541 ACE inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- SBGXWWCLHIOABR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ala Ala Gly Ala Chemical compound CC(N)C(=O)NC(C)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O SBGXWWCLHIOABR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SVBXIUDNTRTKHE-CIUDSAMLSA-N Ala-Arg-Glu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O SVBXIUDNTRTKHE-CIUDSAMLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DWYROCSXOOMOEU-CIUDSAMLSA-N Ala-Met-Glu Chemical compound C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)O)N DWYROCSXOOMOEU-CIUDSAMLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101710129690 Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor Proteins 0.000 description 2
- UXJCMQFPDWCHKX-DCAQKATOSA-N Arg-Arg-Glu Chemical compound NC(N)=NCCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O UXJCMQFPDWCHKX-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXXHDZKEQNGXNU-QXEWZRGKSA-N Arg-Asp-Val Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCN=C(N)N VXXHDZKEQNGXNU-QXEWZRGKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UBCPNBUIQNMDNH-NAKRPEOUSA-N Arg-Ile-Ala Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O UBCPNBUIQNMDNH-NAKRPEOUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DNUKXVMPARLPFN-XUXIUFHCSA-N Arg-Leu-Ile Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(O)=O DNUKXVMPARLPFN-XUXIUFHCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CVXXSWQORBZAAA-SRVKXCTJSA-N Arg-Lys-Glu Chemical compound OC(=O)CC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCN=C(N)N CVXXSWQORBZAAA-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CLICCYPMVFGUOF-IHRRRGAJSA-N Arg-Lys-Leu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O CLICCYPMVFGUOF-IHRRRGAJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SLQQPJBDBVPVQV-JYJNAYRXSA-N Arg-Phe-Val Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(O)=O SLQQPJBDBVPVQV-JYJNAYRXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZJBUILVYSXQNSW-YTWAJWBKSA-N Arg-Thr-Pro Chemical compound C[C@H]([C@@H](C(=O)N1CCC[C@@H]1C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)N)O ZJBUILVYSXQNSW-YTWAJWBKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFWOQHSQNCKXRU-UFYCRDLUSA-N Arg-Tyr-Phe Chemical compound C([C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(O)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LFWOQHSQNCKXRU-UFYCRDLUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWASIOHRQWRWAS-UGYAYLCHSA-N Asn-Asp-Ile Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(O)=O ZWASIOHRQWRWAS-UGYAYLCHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SJPZTWAYTJPPBI-GUBZILKMSA-N Asn-Gln-His Chemical compound C1=C(NC=N1)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)N SJPZTWAYTJPPBI-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OLGCWMNDJTWQAG-GUBZILKMSA-N Asn-Glu-Lys Chemical compound NCCCC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(N)=O OLGCWMNDJTWQAG-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLRJGXZWTKXRHP-DCAQKATOSA-N Asn-Leu-Arg Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(O)=O NLRJGXZWTKXRHP-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNDSLVWAQAUPPP-GUBZILKMSA-N Asn-Met-Met Chemical compound CSCC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)N NNDSLVWAQAUPPP-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SKQTXVZTCGSRJS-SRVKXCTJSA-N Asn-Tyr-Asp Chemical compound C1=CC(=CC=C1C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)N)O SKQTXVZTCGSRJS-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SYZWMVSXBZCOBZ-QXEWZRGKSA-N Asn-Val-Met Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)N SYZWMVSXBZCOBZ-QXEWZRGKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GKWFMNNNYZHJHV-SRVKXCTJSA-N Asp-Lys-Leu Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O GKWFMNNNYZHJHV-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LTCKTLYKRMCFOC-KKUMJFAQSA-N Asp-Phe-Leu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O LTCKTLYKRMCFOC-KKUMJFAQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DINOVZWPTMGSRF-QXEWZRGKSA-N Asp-Pro-Val Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(O)=O DINOVZWPTMGSRF-QXEWZRGKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LTARLVHGOGBRHN-AAEUAGOBSA-N Asp-Trp-Gly Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)C(=O)NCC(O)=O LTARLVHGOGBRHN-AAEUAGOBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UXIPUCUHQBIQOS-SRVKXCTJSA-N Asp-Tyr-Cys Chemical compound C1=CC(=CC=C1C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)N)O UXIPUCUHQBIQOS-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PLOKOIJSGCISHE-BYULHYEWSA-N Asp-Val-Asn Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O PLOKOIJSGCISHE-BYULHYEWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 2
- 101710086378 Bradykinin-potentiating and C-type natriuretic peptides Proteins 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 102000053642 Catalytic RNA Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000994 Catalytic RNA Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010090461 DFG peptide Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000002965 ELISA Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102100031780 Endonuclease Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010042407 Endonucleases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000003951 Erythropoietin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000394 Erythropoietin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YJIUYQKQBBQYHZ-ACZMJKKPSA-N Gln-Ala-Ala Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O YJIUYQKQBBQYHZ-ACZMJKKPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- INKFLNZBTSNFON-CIUDSAMLSA-N Gln-Ala-Arg Chemical compound NC(=O)CC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(O)=O INKFLNZBTSNFON-CIUDSAMLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HSHCEAUPUPJPTE-JYJNAYRXSA-N Gln-Leu-Tyr Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(C=C1)O)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)N HSHCEAUPUPJPTE-JYJNAYRXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NHMRJKKAVMENKJ-WDCWCFNPSA-N Gln-Thr-Leu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O NHMRJKKAVMENKJ-WDCWCFNPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HUWSBFYAGXCXKC-CIUDSAMLSA-N Glu-Ala-Met Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(O)=O HUWSBFYAGXCXKC-CIUDSAMLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BUZMZDDKFCSKOT-CIUDSAMLSA-N Glu-Glu-Glu Chemical compound OC(=O)CC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O BUZMZDDKFCSKOT-CIUDSAMLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXDXIXFSFHUYAX-MNXVOIDGSA-N Glu-Ile-Leu Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O QXDXIXFSFHUYAX-MNXVOIDGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAPFAWQHBOHWLL-GUBZILKMSA-N Glu-Ser-His Chemical compound C1=C(NC=N1)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)N ZAPFAWQHBOHWLL-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCZXXMREFIETQW-AVGNSLFASA-N Glu-Tyr-Asn Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O UCZXXMREFIETQW-AVGNSLFASA-N 0.000 description 2
- FVGOGEGGQLNZGH-DZKIICNBSA-N Glu-Val-Phe Chemical compound OC(=O)CC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 FVGOGEGGQLNZGH-DZKIICNBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RJIVPOXLQFJRTG-LURJTMIESA-N Gly-Arg-Gly Chemical compound OC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CN)CCCN=C(N)N RJIVPOXLQFJRTG-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 2
- IANBSEOVTQNGBZ-BQBZGAKWSA-N Gly-Cys-Met Chemical compound [H]NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(O)=O IANBSEOVTQNGBZ-BQBZGAKWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAXIVIPMCTYSHI-YUMQZZPRSA-N Gly-His-Asp Chemical compound C1=C(NC=N1)C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)NC(=O)CN VAXIVIPMCTYSHI-YUMQZZPRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOTGXWMKUFSKEU-QXEWZRGKSA-N Gly-Ile-Met Chemical compound [H]NCC(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(O)=O ZOTGXWMKUFSKEU-QXEWZRGKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SCJJPCQUJYPHRZ-BQBZGAKWSA-N Gly-Pro-Asn Chemical compound NCC(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O SCJJPCQUJYPHRZ-BQBZGAKWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ABPRMMYHROQBLY-NKWVEPMBSA-N Gly-Ser-Pro Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](N(C1)C(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)CN)C(=O)O ABPRMMYHROQBLY-NKWVEPMBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 201000005569 Gout Diseases 0.000 description 2
- JBCLFWXMTIKCCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N H-Gly-Phe-OH Natural products NCC(=O)NC(C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JBCLFWXMTIKCCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WZUVPPKBWHMQCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Haematoxylin Chemical compound C12=CC(O)=C(O)C=C2CC2(O)C1C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1OC2 WZUVPPKBWHMQCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CHIAUHSHDARFBD-ULQDDVLXSA-N His-Pro-Tyr Chemical compound C([C@H](N)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(O)=O)C1=CN=CN1 CHIAUHSHDARFBD-ULQDDVLXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JMSONHOUHFDOJH-GUBZILKMSA-N His-Ser-Glu Chemical compound OC(=O)CC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1 JMSONHOUHFDOJH-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BFOGZWSSGMLYKV-DCAQKATOSA-N His-Ser-Met Chemical compound CSCC[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CN=CN1)N BFOGZWSSGMLYKV-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GYXDQXPCPASCNR-NHCYSSNCSA-N His-Val-Asn Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CN=CN1)N GYXDQXPCPASCNR-NHCYSSNCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXNGDPAKKCEKGY-QPHKQPEJSA-N Ile-Ile-Thr Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)O)N AXNGDPAKKCEKGY-QPHKQPEJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HUORUFRRJHELPD-MNXVOIDGSA-N Ile-Leu-Glu Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)O)N HUORUFRRJHELPD-MNXVOIDGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TVYWVSJGSHQWMT-AJNGGQMLSA-N Ile-Leu-Lys Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)O)N TVYWVSJGSHQWMT-AJNGGQMLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NZGTYCMLUGYMCV-XUXIUFHCSA-N Ile-Lys-Arg Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)O)N NZGTYCMLUGYMCV-XUXIUFHCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SAEWJTCJQVZQNZ-IUKAMOBKSA-N Ile-Thr-Asn Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)O)N SAEWJTCJQVZQNZ-IUKAMOBKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NJGXXYLPDMMFJB-XUXIUFHCSA-N Ile-Val-Lys Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)O)N NJGXXYLPDMMFJB-XUXIUFHCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SITWEMZOJNKJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-alanine-L-arginine Natural products CC(N)C(=O)NC(C(O)=O)CCCNC(N)=N SITWEMZOJNKJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZRLUISBDKUWAIZ-CIUDSAMLSA-N Leu-Ala-Asp Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC(O)=O ZRLUISBDKUWAIZ-CIUDSAMLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CQQGCWPXDHTTNF-GUBZILKMSA-N Leu-Ala-Glu Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC(O)=O CQQGCWPXDHTTNF-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQSLGJHIAGOZCD-CIUDSAMLSA-N Leu-Ala-Ser Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O BQSLGJHIAGOZCD-CIUDSAMLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CUXRXAIAVYLVFD-ULQDDVLXSA-N Leu-Arg-Tyr Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 CUXRXAIAVYLVFD-ULQDDVLXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISSAURVGLGAPDK-KKUMJFAQSA-N Leu-Tyr-Asp Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O ISSAURVGLGAPDK-KKUMJFAQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFCKERTZVCQXKH-KBPBESRZSA-N Leu-Tyr-Gly Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(=O)NCC(O)=O WFCKERTZVCQXKH-KBPBESRZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KCXUCYYZNZFGLL-SRVKXCTJSA-N Lys-Ala-Leu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O KCXUCYYZNZFGLL-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLOZZWJNIKKYSC-WDSOQIARSA-N Lys-Arg-Trp Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCN)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 NLOZZWJNIKKYSC-WDSOQIARSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MSSABBQOBUZFKZ-IHRRRGAJSA-N Lys-Pro-His Chemical compound C1C[C@H](N(C1)C(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC2=CN=CN2)C(=O)O MSSABBQOBUZFKZ-IHRRRGAJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PELXPRPDQRFBGQ-KKUMJFAQSA-N Lys-Tyr-Asn Chemical compound C1=CC(=CC=C1C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)N)O PELXPRPDQRFBGQ-KKUMJFAQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SQRLLZAQNOQCEG-KKUMJFAQSA-N Lys-Tyr-Ser Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 SQRLLZAQNOQCEG-KKUMJFAQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ORRNBLTZBBESPN-HJWJTTGWSA-N Met-Ile-Phe Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 ORRNBLTZBBESPN-HJWJTTGWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LXCSZPUQKMTXNW-BQBZGAKWSA-N Met-Ser-Gly Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)NCC(O)=O LXCSZPUQKMTXNW-BQBZGAKWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MIXPUVSPPOWTCR-FXQIFTODSA-N Met-Ser-Ser Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O MIXPUVSPPOWTCR-FXQIFTODSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SQPZCTBSLIIMBL-BPUTZDHNSA-N Met-Trp-Ser Chemical compound CSCC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C21)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)O)N SQPZCTBSLIIMBL-BPUTZDHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YBAFDPFAUTYYRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-leucine Natural products CC(C)CC(C(O)=O)NC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O YBAFDPFAUTYYRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010029164 Nephrotic syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 108700026244 Open Reading Frames Proteins 0.000 description 2
- ZUQACJLOHYRVPJ-DKIMLUQUSA-N Phe-Lys-Ile Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 ZUQACJLOHYRVPJ-DKIMLUQUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NHHZWPNMYQUNEH-ACRUOGEOSA-N Phe-Tyr-His Chemical compound C1=CC=C(C=C1)C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC3=CN=CN3)C(=O)O)N NHHZWPNMYQUNEH-ACRUOGEOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZTVSVSFBHUVYIN-UFYCRDLUSA-N Phe-Tyr-Met Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZTVSVSFBHUVYIN-UFYCRDLUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHNBYYFXWDUGBW-RPTUDFQQSA-N Phe-Tyr-Thr Chemical compound C[C@H]([C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(C=C1)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC2=CC=CC=C2)N)O MHNBYYFXWDUGBW-RPTUDFQQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- IHCXPSYCHXFXKT-DCAQKATOSA-N Pro-Arg-Glu Chemical compound [H]N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O IHCXPSYCHXFXKT-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDIIENQUNVNWHR-JYJNAYRXSA-N Pro-Arg-Phe Chemical compound [H]N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O KDIIENQUNVNWHR-JYJNAYRXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LHALYDBUDCWMDY-CIUDSAMLSA-N Pro-Glu-Ala Chemical compound C[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1)C(O)=O LHALYDBUDCWMDY-CIUDSAMLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JMVQDLDPDBXAAX-YUMQZZPRSA-N Pro-Gly-Gln Chemical compound NC(=O)CC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1 JMVQDLDPDBXAAX-YUMQZZPRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FMLRRBDLBJLJIK-DCAQKATOSA-N Pro-Leu-Ala Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1 FMLRRBDLBJLJIK-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FXGIMYRVJJEIIM-UWVGGRQHSA-N Pro-Leu-Gly Chemical compound OC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1 FXGIMYRVJJEIIM-UWVGGRQHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BUEIYHBJHCDAMI-UFYCRDLUSA-N Pro-Phe-Phe Chemical compound [H]N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O BUEIYHBJHCDAMI-UFYCRDLUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010037601 Pyelonephritis chronic Diseases 0.000 description 2
- IOVHBRCQOGWAQH-ZKWXMUAHSA-N Ser-Gly-Ile Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(O)=O IOVHBRCQOGWAQH-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HHJFMHQYEAAOBM-ZLUOBGJFSA-N Ser-Ser-Ala Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O HHJFMHQYEAAOBM-ZLUOBGJFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGQVAVQWKJLIRM-FXQIFTODSA-N Ser-Ser-Val Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(O)=O VGQVAVQWKJLIRM-FXQIFTODSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000007562 Serum Albumin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010071390 Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DCLBXIWHLVEPMQ-JRQIVUDYSA-N Thr-Asp-Tyr Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 DCLBXIWHLVEPMQ-JRQIVUDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LGNBRHZANHMZHK-NUMRIWBASA-N Thr-Glu-Asp Chemical compound C[C@H]([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)N)O LGNBRHZANHMZHK-NUMRIWBASA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQVDGKYAUHTCME-QTKMDUPCSA-N Thr-His-Arg Chemical compound C[C@H]([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CN=CN1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)O)N)O NQVDGKYAUHTCME-QTKMDUPCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FNOQJVHFVLVMOS-AAEUAGOBSA-N Trp-Gly-Asn Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CN2)C[C@@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)O)N FNOQJVHFVLVMOS-AAEUAGOBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KIJLSRYAUGGZIN-CFMVVWHZSA-N Tyr-Ile-Asp Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O KIJLSRYAUGGZIN-CFMVVWHZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NAHUCETZGZZSEX-IHPCNDPISA-N Tyr-Trp-Asp Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CN2)C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC3=CC=C(C=C3)O)N NAHUCETZGZZSEX-IHPCNDPISA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPGJELLYDQEDRK-NAKRPEOUSA-N Val-Ile-Ala Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](N)C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O CPGJELLYDQEDRK-NAKRPEOUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BGTDGENDNWGMDQ-KJEVXHAQSA-N Val-Tyr-Thr Chemical compound C[C@H]([C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(C=C1)O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N)O BGTDGENDNWGMDQ-KJEVXHAQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLNCNKIVJPEFBC-DLOVCJGASA-N Val-Val-Glu Chemical compound CC(C)[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC(O)=O NLNCNKIVJPEFBC-DLOVCJGASA-N 0.000 description 2
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108010024078 alanyl-glycyl-serine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HIMXGTXNXJYFGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N alloxan Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(=O)C(=O)N1 HIMXGTXNXJYFGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KOSRFJWDECSPRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-L-glutamyl-L-glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(N)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O KOSRFJWDECSPRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010050025 alpha-glutamyltryptophan Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940044094 angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940127218 antiplatelet drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 108010013835 arginine glutamate Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010069205 aspartyl-phenylalanine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001185 bone marrow Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000004700 cellular uptake Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004748 cultured cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010060199 cysteinylproline Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 210000000805 cytoplasm Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 2
- KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N deoxycholic acid Natural products C1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(CCC(O)=O)C)C1(C)C(O)C2 KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- BFMYDTVEBKDAKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;(2',7'-dibromo-3',6'-dioxido-3-oxospiro[2-benzofuran-1,9'-xanthene]-4'-yl)mercury;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Na+].O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC(Br)=C([O-])C([Hg])=C1OC1=C2C=C(Br)C([O-])=C1 BFMYDTVEBKDAKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940105423 erythropoietin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorescein Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(O)C=C1OC1=CC(O)=CC=C21 GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHMNJMPURVTYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC(N=C=S)=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(O)C=C1OC1=CC(O)=CC=C21 MHMNJMPURVTYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001215 fluorescent labelling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005714 functional activity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001502 gel electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000024924 glomerular filtration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108010057083 glutamyl-aspartyl-leucine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010073628 glutamyl-valyl-phenylalanine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010015792 glycyllysine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010081551 glycylphenylalanine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010077515 glycylproline Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000006750 hematuria Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 108010025306 histidylleucine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000012744 immunostaining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960003444 immunosuppressant agent Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000001861 immunosuppressant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003018 immunosuppressive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108010034529 leucyl-lysine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010090333 leucyl-lysyl-proline Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108010054155 lysyllysine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010017391 lysylvaline Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108700023046 methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010005942 methionylglycine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 125000000250 methylamino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N morphine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](C=C[C@H]23)O)C4=C5[C@@]12CCN(C)[C@@H]3CC5=CC=C4O BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000003360 nephrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000813 peptide hormone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000013415 peroxidase activity proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108040007629 peroxidase activity proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000026731 phosphorylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006366 phosphorylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004962 physiological condition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003752 polymerase chain reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OXCMYAYHXIHQOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;[2-butyl-5-chloro-3-[[4-[2-(1,2,4-triaza-3-azanidacyclopenta-1,4-dien-5-yl)phenyl]phenyl]methyl]imidazol-4-yl]methanol Chemical compound [K+].CCCCC1=NC(Cl)=C(CO)N1CC1=CC=C(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C2=N[N-]N=N2)C=C1 OXCMYAYHXIHQOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 108700042769 prolyl-leucyl-glycine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- ZCCUUQDIBDJBTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N psoralen Chemical compound C1=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=CC2=C1OC=C2 ZCCUUQDIBDJBTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003127 radioimmunoassay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003087 receptor blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 206010038464 renal hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 108091092562 ribozyme Proteins 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108010071207 serylmethionine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108010005652 splenotritin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229930193551 sterin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108010033670 threonyl-aspartyl-tyrosine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMRYETFJNLKUHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N traseolide Chemical compound CC1=C(C(C)=O)C=C2C(C(C)C)C(C)C(C)(C)C2=C1 IMRYETFJNLKUHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010073969 valyllysine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000001262 western blot Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108010027345 wheylin-1 peptide Proteins 0.000 description 2
- MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-REOHCLBHSA-N (2S)-2-Amino-3-hydroxypropansäure Chemical compound OC[C@H](N)C(O)=O MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRBGTUQJDFBWNN-MUGJNUQGSA-N (2s)-6-amino-2-[[(2s)-6-amino-2-[[(2s)-6-amino-2-[[(2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]hexanoic acid Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(O)=O RRBGTUQJDFBWNN-MUGJNUQGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3alpha,5alpha,7alpha,12alpha)-3,7,12-trihydroxy-cholan-24-oic acid Natural products OC1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(CCC(O)=O)C)C1(C)C(O)C2 BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUBBDSIWDLEOM-XHQRYOPUSA-N (3e)-3-[(2e)-2-[1-(6-hydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-7a-methyl-2,3,3a,5,6,7-hexahydro-1h-inden-4-ylidene]ethylidene]-4-methylidenecyclohexan-1-ol Chemical compound C1CCC2(C)C(C(CCCC(C)(C)O)C)CCC2\C1=C\C=C1/CC(O)CCC1=C JWUBBDSIWDLEOM-XHQRYOPUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNTWKPAKVQFCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydro-1h-triazole Chemical compound N1NC=CN1 SNTWKPAKVQFCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001541 3-thienyl group Chemical group S1C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- VXGRJERITKFWPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4',5'-Dihydropsoralen Natural products C1=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=CC2=C1OCC2 VXGRJERITKFWPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOEIRDBRYBHAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1h-benzimidazole Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C2NC=NC2=C1Br LOEIRDBRYBHAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000030507 AIDS Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000007469 Actins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010085238 Actins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- AAQGRPOPTAUUBM-ZLUOBGJFSA-N Ala-Ala-Asn Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O AAQGRPOPTAUUBM-ZLUOBGJFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLTKNGYYPIWKHZ-ACZMJKKPSA-N Ala-Ala-Glu Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC(O)=O YLTKNGYYPIWKHZ-ACZMJKKPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYSWCHMLFJLLBJ-ZLUOBGJFSA-N Ala-Ala-Ser Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O YYSWCHMLFJLLBJ-ZLUOBGJFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZEXDYVGDZJBRMO-ACZMJKKPSA-N Ala-Asn-Gln Chemical compound C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)O)N ZEXDYVGDZJBRMO-ACZMJKKPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XCVRVWZTXPCYJT-BIIVOSGPSA-N Ala-Asn-Pro Chemical compound C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N1CCC[C@@H]1C(=O)O)N XCVRVWZTXPCYJT-BIIVOSGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSCLWXDNIMNIJE-ZLUOBGJFSA-N Ala-Asp-Asn Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O GSCLWXDNIMNIJE-ZLUOBGJFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGPWRRFOPXVGOH-BYPYZUCNSA-N Ala-Gly-Gly Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(O)=O VGPWRRFOPXVGOH-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWEAKSWWKHGTRJ-BQBZGAKWSA-N Ala-Gly-Met Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(O)=O CWEAKSWWKHGTRJ-BQBZGAKWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IFKQPMZRDQZSHI-GHCJXIJMSA-N Ala-Ile-Asn Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O IFKQPMZRDQZSHI-GHCJXIJMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBYMZCVBOKYZNS-CIUDSAMLSA-N Ala-Leu-Asp Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O LBYMZCVBOKYZNS-CIUDSAMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDNAVFBZPROEHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ala-Lys-Val Natural products CC(C)C(C(O)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(C)N)CCCCN MDNAVFBZPROEHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHFOJPDOQPWJRN-XDTLVQLUSA-N Ala-Tyr-Gln Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O BHFOJPDOQPWJRN-XDTLVQLUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JNJHNBXBGNJESC-KKXDTOCCSA-N Ala-Tyr-Phe Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O JNJHNBXBGNJESC-KKXDTOCCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000024985 Alport syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000007087 Apium graveolens Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015849 Apium graveolens Dulce Group Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010591 Appio Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108091023037 Aptamer Proteins 0.000 description 1
- SGYSTDWPNPKJPP-GUBZILKMSA-N Arg-Ala-Arg Chemical compound NC(=N)NCCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(O)=O SGYSTDWPNPKJPP-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPSGESXVBSQZPL-SRVKXCTJSA-N Arg-Arg-Arg Chemical compound NC(N)=NCCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(O)=O XPSGESXVBSQZPL-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNIGSVZJNVUVJA-BQBZGAKWSA-N Arg-Gly-Asn Chemical compound NC(N)=NCCC[C@H](N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O PNIGSVZJNVUVJA-BQBZGAKWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEOCWTUOMKEEMF-RHYQMDGZSA-N Arg-Leu-Thr Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(O)=O JEOCWTUOMKEEMF-RHYQMDGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSYKSCBTTQKOJG-GUBZILKMSA-N Arg-Pro-Ala Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O BSYKSCBTTQKOJG-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOZYYXMHMIEJET-XIRDDKMYSA-N Arg-Trp-Glu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O XOZYYXMHMIEJET-XIRDDKMYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPTAGIPWARILES-AVGNSLFASA-N Asn-Gln-Phe Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O QPTAGIPWARILES-AVGNSLFASA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUHFYEKSGWOWGZ-XHNCKOQMSA-N Asn-Gln-Pro Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](N(C1)C(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)N)C(=O)O FUHFYEKSGWOWGZ-XHNCKOQMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYXNFROWLZPWPC-FXQIFTODSA-N Asn-Glu-Gln Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O QYXNFROWLZPWPC-FXQIFTODSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYSYDIYQTUPNQQ-SXTJYALSSA-N Asn-Ile-Ile Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(O)=O YYSYDIYQTUPNQQ-SXTJYALSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVHGJNGNKGDCPX-KKUMJFAQSA-N Asn-Phe-Lys Chemical compound C1=CC=C(C=C1)C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)N RVHGJNGNKGDCPX-KKUMJFAQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTXVXGXTRXMOFJ-FXQIFTODSA-N Asn-Pro-Asn Chemical compound NC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O JTXVXGXTRXMOFJ-FXQIFTODSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPASIOLTWSNMFB-OLHMAJIHSA-N Asn-Thr-Asp Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O HPASIOLTWSNMFB-OLHMAJIHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLDMSQYOYXINSZ-QXEWZRGKSA-N Asn-Val-Arg Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)N XLDMSQYOYXINSZ-QXEWZRGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYEWQKQXRJCHIO-SRVKXCTJSA-N Asp-Asn-Tyr Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RYEWQKQXRJCHIO-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRGGPWBIMIQANI-GUBZILKMSA-N Asp-Gln-Leu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O HRGGPWBIMIQANI-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAJRHVUUVUPFQL-ACZMJKKPSA-N Asp-Glu-Asp Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O XAJRHVUUVUPFQL-ACZMJKKPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHODABZPVZMWCE-FXQIFTODSA-N Asp-Glu-Glu Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O GHODABZPVZMWCE-FXQIFTODSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTNUIAJCPRMNBT-WHFBIAKZSA-N Asp-Gly-Ala Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O DTNUIAJCPRMNBT-WHFBIAKZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPKCGKRUYKMDHP-GUDRVLHUSA-N Asp-Ile-Pro Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N1CCC[C@@H]1C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)N SPKCGKRUYKMDHP-GUDRVLHUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DWOGMPWRQQWPPF-GUBZILKMSA-N Asp-Leu-Glu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O DWOGMPWRQQWPPF-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUWISGAGWSDGDH-KKUMJFAQSA-N Asp-Phe-Lys Chemical compound NCCCC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JUWISGAGWSDGDH-KKUMJFAQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTIZKMMLNUMHHU-DCAQKATOSA-N Asp-Pro-His Chemical compound C1C[C@H](N(C1)C(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC2=CN=CN2)C(=O)O QTIZKMMLNUMHHU-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGLWFWXGOINXEA-YDHLFZDLSA-N Asp-Val-Tyr Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 JGLWFWXGOINXEA-YDHLFZDLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspirin Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QVZCXCJXTMIDME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Biopropazepan Trimethoxybenzoate Chemical compound COC1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC(C(=O)OCCCN2CCN(CCCOC(=O)C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=C(OC)C=3)CCC2)=C1 QVZCXCJXTMIDME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000018084 Bone neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FFGXPBWMXYMZHW-GWOFURMSSA-N BrC1=NC2=C(N1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound BrC1=NC2=C(N1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)C=CC=C2 FFGXPBWMXYMZHW-GWOFURMSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021318 Calcifediol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000282693 Cercopithecidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004380 Cholic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108091026890 Coding region Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RWGDABDXVXRLLH-ACZMJKKPSA-N Cys-Glu-Asn Chemical compound C(CC(=O)O)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CS)N RWGDABDXVXRLLH-ACZMJKKPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIRYODQIWJNWNU-NRPADANISA-N Cys-Glu-Val Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CS)N VIRYODQIWJNWNU-NRPADANISA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBOLGUYQEPZSKM-YUMQZZPRSA-N Cys-Gly-Leu Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CS)N LBOLGUYQEPZSKM-YUMQZZPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKPRHVIFAUJPV-GUBZILKMSA-N Cys-Pro-Arg Chemical compound C1C[C@H](N(C1)C(=O)[C@H](CS)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)O ZOKPRHVIFAUJPV-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000701022 Cytomegalovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N D-ribofuranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001712 DNA sequencing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010011953 Decreased activity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283073 Equus caballus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000206602 Eukaryota Species 0.000 description 1
- 108060002716 Exonuclease Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRBLYKYHAJEABA-SRVKXCTJSA-N Gln-Arg-Leu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O PRBLYKYHAJEABA-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MADFVRSKEIEZHZ-DCAQKATOSA-N Gln-Gln-Lys Chemical compound C(CCN)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)N MADFVRSKEIEZHZ-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHPFPROFOAJRFN-IHRRRGAJSA-N Gln-Glu-Tyr Chemical compound C1=CC(=CC=C1C[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)N)O JHPFPROFOAJRFN-IHRRRGAJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSNUZSPSADIMJQ-WDSKDSINSA-N Gln-Gly-Asp Chemical compound NC(=O)CC[C@H](N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O NSNUZSPSADIMJQ-WDSKDSINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGIKBBLQVSWUGK-DCAQKATOSA-N Gln-Leu-Gln Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O LGIKBBLQVSWUGK-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBYHRQBKJGEBQJ-CIUDSAMLSA-N Gln-Pro-Cys Chemical compound C1C[C@H](N(C1)C(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)O WBYHRQBKJGEBQJ-CIUDSAMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJSCHRBERYWPQL-DCAQKATOSA-N Gln-Pro-Met Chemical compound CSCC[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)N YJSCHRBERYWPQL-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTOQQOMEJDPDMX-ACZMJKKPSA-N Gln-Ser-Asp Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O UTOQQOMEJDPDMX-ACZMJKKPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYOILACOFPPNQH-UMNHJUIQSA-N Gln-Val-Pro Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)N1CCC[C@@H]1C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)N VYOILACOFPPNQH-UMNHJUIQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010018366 Glomerulonephritis acute Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RLZBLVSJDFHDBL-KBIXCLLPSA-N Glu-Ala-Ile Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(O)=O RLZBLVSJDFHDBL-KBIXCLLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITYRYNUZHPNCIK-GUBZILKMSA-N Glu-Ala-Leu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O ITYRYNUZHPNCIK-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FLLRAEJOLZPSMN-CIUDSAMLSA-N Glu-Asn-Arg Chemical compound OC(=O)CC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCCN=C(N)N FLLRAEJOLZPSMN-CIUDSAMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBYVDRJAXWSXQL-AVGNSLFASA-N Glu-Asn-Phe Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O SBYVDRJAXWSXQL-AVGNSLFASA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYHBMLHCQXXCCT-AVGNSLFASA-N Glu-Asp-Tyr Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(O)=O CYHBMLHCQXXCCT-AVGNSLFASA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPLGNDORMXTMQS-FXQIFTODSA-N Glu-Gln-Ser Chemical compound OC(=O)CC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O WPLGNDORMXTMQS-FXQIFTODSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILGFBUGLBSAQQB-GUBZILKMSA-N Glu-Glu-Arg Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(O)=O ILGFBUGLBSAQQB-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHONAZGUEGIOEM-GLLZPBPUSA-N Glu-Glu-Thr Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(O)=O PHONAZGUEGIOEM-GLLZPBPUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJCKNLPMTPXXEM-AUTRQRHGSA-N Glu-Glu-Val Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O QJCKNLPMTPXXEM-AUTRQRHGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRKUZSLQMPNVFN-SRVKXCTJSA-N Glu-His-Arg Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC=N1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(O)=O BRKUZSLQMPNVFN-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGOFRWOTSXVPAU-SDDRHHMPSA-N Glu-His-Pro Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](N(C1)C(=O)[C@H](CC2=CN=CN2)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)N)C(=O)O VGOFRWOTSXVPAU-SDDRHHMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTZDZAXYPDISRR-MNXVOIDGSA-N Glu-Ile-Lys Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)N XTZDZAXYPDISRR-MNXVOIDGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJBVXVBTTFZPHJ-GUBZILKMSA-N Glu-Leu-Asp Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)N PJBVXVBTTFZPHJ-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IRXNJYPKBVERCW-DCAQKATOSA-N Glu-Leu-Glu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O IRXNJYPKBVERCW-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBEUFCJRFNZMCU-SRVKXCTJSA-N Glu-Met-Leu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O CBEUFCJRFNZMCU-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YTRBQAQSUDSIQE-FHWLQOOXSA-N Glu-Phe-Phe Chemical compound C([C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(O)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YTRBQAQSUDSIQE-FHWLQOOXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIIGESVJEBDJMP-FHWLQOOXSA-N Glu-Phe-Tyr Chemical compound C([C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(O)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MIIGESVJEBDJMP-FHWLQOOXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTHIHAUEXVTXQG-KKUMJFAQSA-N Glu-Tyr-Arg Chemical compound C1=CC(=CC=C1C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)N)O NTHIHAUEXVTXQG-KKUMJFAQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPHPEHMXOYTEQG-LAEOZQHASA-N Glu-Val-Asp Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O YPHPEHMXOYTEQG-LAEOZQHASA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZYRXTRTUCAVNBQ-GVXVVHGQSA-N Glu-Val-Lys Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)N ZYRXTRTUCAVNBQ-GVXVVHGQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZAFOTBEULLEQB-WDSKDSINSA-N Gly-Asn-Glu Chemical compound C(CC(=O)O)[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)CN NZAFOTBEULLEQB-WDSKDSINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPLLQZBOVIVGMX-QWRGUYRKSA-N Gly-Asp-Phe Chemical compound [H]NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O RPLLQZBOVIVGMX-QWRGUYRKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOJKRXIRAZPZLW-WDSKDSINSA-N Gly-Glu-Ala Chemical compound [H]NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O MOJKRXIRAZPZLW-WDSKDSINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UQJNXZSSGQIPIQ-FBCQKBJTSA-N Gly-Gly-Thr Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)CN UQJNXZSSGQIPIQ-FBCQKBJTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNCSJUBVFBDDLC-YUMQZZPRSA-N Gly-Leu-Ser Chemical compound NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O NNCSJUBVFBDDLC-YUMQZZPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CVFOYJJOZYYEPE-KBPBESRZSA-N Gly-Lys-Tyr Chemical compound [H]NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(O)=O CVFOYJJOZYYEPE-KBPBESRZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEGFSKKANYKBDU-QWHCGFSZSA-N Gly-Phe-Pro Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](N(C1)C(=O)[C@H](CC2=CC=CC=C2)NC(=O)CN)C(=O)O IEGFSKKANYKBDU-QWHCGFSZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJGBXTYGTKWGAT-YUMQZZPRSA-N Gly-Pro-Glu Chemical compound NCC(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O JJGBXTYGTKWGAT-YUMQZZPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRFOZIJRODPLIA-QWRGUYRKSA-N Gly-Tyr-Cys Chemical compound C1=CC(=CC=C1C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)O)NC(=O)CN)O WRFOZIJRODPLIA-QWRGUYRKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010019280 Heart failures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- SVHKVHBPTOMLTO-DCAQKATOSA-N His-Arg-Asp Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC1=CNC=N1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O SVHKVHBPTOMLTO-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWAJSVTZZOUOBU-IHRRRGAJSA-N His-Arg-Lys Chemical compound NCCCC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1 MWAJSVTZZOUOBU-IHRRRGAJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDBYBTWRMOAJAY-NHCYSSNCSA-N His-Asn-Val Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CN=CN1)N MDBYBTWRMOAJAY-NHCYSSNCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHZRWFUGWRTUOD-IUCAKERBSA-N His-Gly-Gln Chemical compound C1=C(NC=N1)C[C@@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)O)N CHZRWFUGWRTUOD-IUCAKERBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STOOMQFEJUVAKR-KKUMJFAQSA-N His-His-His Chemical compound C([C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)C(O)=O)C1=CNC=N1 STOOMQFEJUVAKR-KKUMJFAQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNHSMSFYVARZLI-YJRXYDGGSA-N His-His-Thr Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC1=CNC=N1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC=N1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(O)=O CNHSMSFYVARZLI-YJRXYDGGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNAYRCNHRYEBTH-IHRRRGAJSA-N His-Met-Leu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC1=CNC=N1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O RNAYRCNHRYEBTH-IHRRRGAJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVKDCQVQTGYBQT-LSJOCFKGSA-N His-Pro-Ala Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC1=CNC=N1)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O ZVKDCQVQTGYBQT-LSJOCFKGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYNPBMCLAKTHJL-SRVKXCTJSA-N His-Pro-Glu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC1=CNC=N1)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O PYNPBMCLAKTHJL-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABCCKUZDWMERKT-AVGNSLFASA-N His-Pro-Met Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC1=CNC=N1)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(O)=O ABCCKUZDWMERKT-AVGNSLFASA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOYGZBIPZYKGSH-SRVKXCTJSA-N His-Ser-Lys Chemical compound C1=C(NC=N1)C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)O)N UOYGZBIPZYKGSH-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRDFAWHTPDKRHG-ULQDDVLXSA-N His-Tyr-Arg Chemical compound C([C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(O)=O)C1=CN=CN1 FRDFAWHTPDKRHG-ULQDDVLXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBOMZVOKCZMDIG-XQQFMLRXSA-N His-Val-Pro Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)N1CCC[C@@H]1C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC2=CN=CN2)N FBOMZVOKCZMDIG-XQQFMLRXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYZYJFXHXYUZMZ-UGYAYLCHSA-N Ile-Asn-Asn Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)O)N QYZYJFXHXYUZMZ-UGYAYLCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGSOCXHDOPQREB-ZPFDUUQYSA-N Ile-Asp-Leu Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)O)N RGSOCXHDOPQREB-ZPFDUUQYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GECLQMBTZCPAFY-PEFMBERDSA-N Ile-Gln-Asp Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)N GECLQMBTZCPAFY-PEFMBERDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGMUPVWZEYYUMU-YVNDNENWSA-N Ile-Glu-Gln Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)O)N LGMUPVWZEYYUMU-YVNDNENWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPXHYGGZJOCAFR-MNXVOIDGSA-N Ile-Glu-Leu Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)O)N LPXHYGGZJOCAFR-MNXVOIDGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NYEYYMLUABXDMC-NHCYSSNCSA-N Ile-Gly-Leu Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)O)N NYEYYMLUABXDMC-NHCYSSNCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEKTTYCXKGBAAL-VGDYDELISA-N Ile-His-Ser Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CN=CN1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)O)N KEKTTYCXKGBAAL-VGDYDELISA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUUCIIJSBIBCHB-ZPFDUUQYSA-N Ile-Leu-Asp Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O OUUCIIJSBIBCHB-ZPFDUUQYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZWVCYCYWCLQDH-NHCYSSNCSA-N Ile-Leu-Gly Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)O)N FZWVCYCYWCLQDH-NHCYSSNCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFAUOCITXBMRBT-YTFOTSKYSA-N Ile-Lys-Ile Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(O)=O FFAUOCITXBMRBT-YTFOTSKYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNVXABCGXOLIEB-PYJNHQTQSA-N Ile-Met-His Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CN=CN1 NNVXABCGXOLIEB-PYJNHQTQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JDCQDJVYUXNCGF-SPOWBLRKSA-N Ile-Ser-Trp Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C21)C(=O)O)N JDCQDJVYUXNCGF-SPOWBLRKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000000913 Kidney Calculi Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PMGDADKJMCOXHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-Arginyl-L-glutamin-acetat Natural products NC(=N)NCCCC(N)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O PMGDADKJMCOXHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KSZCCRIGNVSHFH-UWVGGRQHSA-N Leu-Arg-Gly Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(O)=O KSZCCRIGNVSHFH-UWVGGRQHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKXDHFKZWKLYGB-GUBZILKMSA-N Leu-Asn-Glu Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)O)N KKXDHFKZWKLYGB-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLCOFDAHNMMQPP-SRVKXCTJSA-N Leu-Asp-Leu Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O DLCOFDAHNMMQPP-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYGQXVYRZMKRDB-SRVKXCTJSA-N Leu-Asp-Lys Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCCCN MYGQXVYRZMKRDB-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XVSJMWYYLHPDKY-DCAQKATOSA-N Leu-Asp-Met Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(O)=O XVSJMWYYLHPDKY-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLQHWWCSCLZUMA-KKUMJFAQSA-N Leu-Asp-Tyr Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QLQHWWCSCLZUMA-KKUMJFAQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOLUPZNNADDTAA-AVGNSLFASA-N Leu-Gln-Leu Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O LOLUPZNNADDTAA-AVGNSLFASA-N 0.000 description 1
- YVKSMSDXKMSIRX-GUBZILKMSA-N Leu-Glu-Asn Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O YVKSMSDXKMSIRX-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFBCHNRFRYLZNV-GUBZILKMSA-N Leu-Glu-Asp Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O HFBCHNRFRYLZNV-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQUXQAMSWFIRET-AVGNSLFASA-N Leu-Glu-Lys Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCCCN HQUXQAMSWFIRET-AVGNSLFASA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGUUKPXUTHOIAV-SDDRHHMPSA-N Leu-Glu-Pro Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N1CCC[C@@H]1C(=O)O)N OGUUKPXUTHOIAV-SDDRHHMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJUWBDPGGYVRHY-YUMQZZPRSA-N Leu-Gly-Cys Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)O)N QJUWBDPGGYVRHY-YUMQZZPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CCQLQKZTXZBXTN-NHCYSSNCSA-N Leu-Gly-Ile Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(O)=O CCQLQKZTXZBXTN-NHCYSSNCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPXBPQUGXHURGP-UWVGGRQHSA-N Leu-Gly-Met Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)O)N QPXBPQUGXHURGP-UWVGGRQHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOSWSHVQIVTVQF-ZPFDUUQYSA-N Leu-Ile-Asp Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O KOSWSHVQIVTVQF-ZPFDUUQYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HGFGEMSVBMCFKK-MNXVOIDGSA-N Leu-Ile-Glu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O HGFGEMSVBMCFKK-MNXVOIDGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSFYPIUSAMSERP-IHRRRGAJSA-N Leu-Leu-Arg Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCCN=C(N)N DSFYPIUSAMSERP-IHRRRGAJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRHDPZAAWLXXIR-SRVKXCTJSA-N Leu-Lys-Ala Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O ZRHDPZAAWLXXIR-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXDRGWBQZIMJDE-ULQDDVLXSA-N Leu-Phe-Met Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(O)=O WXDRGWBQZIMJDE-ULQDDVLXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUTNOGOMBNYPFH-XUXIUFHCSA-N Leu-Pro-Ile Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(O)=O YUTNOGOMBNYPFH-XUXIUFHCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICYRCNICGBJLGM-HJGDQZAQSA-N Leu-Thr-Asp Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC(O)=O ICYRCNICGBJLGM-HJGDQZAQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDIARPPNADFEAV-WEDXCCLWSA-N Leu-Thr-Gly Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)NCC(O)=O VDIARPPNADFEAV-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXOFUVGLPHCPRQ-KKUMJFAQSA-N Leu-Tyr-Cys Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(O)=O SXOFUVGLPHCPRQ-KKUMJFAQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGAMUXDWYSXYLM-SRVKXCTJSA-N Lys-Arg-Glu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O JGAMUXDWYSXYLM-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUKDBQGFSJUXGX-RWMBFGLXSA-N Lys-Arg-Pro Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](N(C1)C(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)N)C(=O)O FUKDBQGFSJUXGX-RWMBFGLXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDSNUWJPZKTFAR-DCAQKATOSA-N Lys-Cys-Met Chemical compound CSCC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CS)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCN NDSNUWJPZKTFAR-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZHLIPMZXOEJTL-AVGNSLFASA-N Lys-Gln-Leu Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)N RZHLIPMZXOEJTL-AVGNSLFASA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFQATBGBLDAKGI-VHSXEESVSA-N Lys-Gly-Pro Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](N(C1)C(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)N)C(=O)O RFQATBGBLDAKGI-VHSXEESVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXFRGTAIIZHNHG-AJNGGQMLSA-N Lys-Ile-Leu Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)N ZXFRGTAIIZHNHG-AJNGGQMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVAOHZIOUBEQCJ-IHRRRGAJSA-N Lys-Leu-Arg Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(O)=O OVAOHZIOUBEQCJ-IHRRRGAJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVJNGSFKBKOKRV-AJNGGQMLSA-N Lys-Leu-Ile Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(O)=O WVJNGSFKBKOKRV-AJNGGQMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAHJXEMYXKLZRQ-AJNGGQMLSA-N Lys-Lys-Ile Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(O)=O GAHJXEMYXKLZRQ-AJNGGQMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBSCNDJQPKSPII-KKUMJFAQSA-N Lys-Lys-Lys Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(O)=O WBSCNDJQPKSPII-KKUMJFAQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODTZHNZPINULEU-KKUMJFAQSA-N Lys-Phe-Asn Chemical compound C1=CC=C(C=C1)C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)N ODTZHNZPINULEU-KKUMJFAQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSPZCHGIWAQVKQ-AVGNSLFASA-N Lys-Pro-Val Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCN YSPZCHGIWAQVKQ-AVGNSLFASA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLCAXBGXGOVUCD-PPCPHDFISA-N Lys-Thr-Ile Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(O)=O DLCAXBGXGOVUCD-PPCPHDFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- XATKLFSXFINPSB-JYJNAYRXSA-N Lys-Tyr-Gln Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O XATKLFSXFINPSB-JYJNAYRXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSVAVKGDUAKZKU-BZSNNMDCSA-N Lys-Tyr-His Chemical compound C1=CC(=CC=C1C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC2=CN=CN2)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)N)O PSVAVKGDUAKZKU-BZSNNMDCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DRRXXZBXDMLGFC-IHRRRGAJSA-N Lys-Val-Leu Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCN DRRXXZBXDMLGFC-IHRRRGAJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 201000005505 Measles Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FVKRQMQQFGBXHV-QXEWZRGKSA-N Met-Asp-Val Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(O)=O FVKRQMQQFGBXHV-QXEWZRGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRALLISKBZNSKN-BQBZGAKWSA-N Met-Gly-Ser Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O LRALLISKBZNSKN-BQBZGAKWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPTDJKDGICUFCP-XUXIUFHCSA-N Met-Ile-Leu Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)N WPTDJKDGICUFCP-XUXIUFHCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFFKUNVPPLQUGA-DCAQKATOSA-N Met-Leu-Ala Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O AFFKUNVPPLQUGA-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HGAJNEWOUHDUMZ-SRVKXCTJSA-N Met-Leu-Glu Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC(O)=O HGAJNEWOUHDUMZ-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWGBEIYZPAXXSX-RWMBFGLXSA-N Met-Leu-Pro Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@@H](C(=O)N1CCC[C@@H]1C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)N AWGBEIYZPAXXSX-RWMBFGLXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLBUMXYVQCHBPR-ULQDDVLXSA-N Met-Leu-Tyr Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 YLBUMXYVQCHBPR-ULQDDVLXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSJAPSMRFYUOKS-IUCAKERBSA-N Met-Pro-Gly Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)NCC(O)=O VSJAPSMRFYUOKS-IUCAKERBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPNWWHBFXPNHJG-AVGNSLFASA-N Met-Val-Lys Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCCCN LPNWWHBFXPNHJG-AVGNSLFASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010029148 Nephrolithiasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001597008 Nomeidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 108020004711 Nucleic Acid Probes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091028043 Nucleic acid sequence Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108700020796 Oncogene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- HCTXJGRYAACKOB-SRVKXCTJSA-N Phe-Asn-Asp Chemical compound C1=CC=C(C=C1)C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)N HCTXJGRYAACKOB-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MECSIDWUTYRHRJ-KKUMJFAQSA-N Phe-Asn-Leu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O MECSIDWUTYRHRJ-KKUMJFAQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALHULIGNEXGFRM-QWRGUYRKSA-N Phe-Cys-Gly Chemical compound OC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CS)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 ALHULIGNEXGFRM-QWRGUYRKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFHRXJOZEXUKLV-IRXDYDNUSA-N Phe-Gly-Tyr Chemical compound C([C@H](N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(O)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WFHRXJOZEXUKLV-IRXDYDNUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKQQWSNUSQURLI-JYJNAYRXSA-N Phe-Met-Val Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)N OKQQWSNUSQURLI-JYJNAYRXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PBWNICYZGJQKJV-BZSNNMDCSA-N Phe-Phe-Cys Chemical compound N[C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(O)=O PBWNICYZGJQKJV-BZSNNMDCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXJJXEXCZBHDNA-ACRUOGEOSA-N Phe-Phe-His Chemical compound C1=CC=C(C=C1)C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC2=CC=CC=C2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC3=CN=CN3)C(=O)O)N TXJJXEXCZBHDNA-ACRUOGEOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJRQWEDYTKYHHL-SLFFLAALSA-N Phe-Tyr-Pro Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](N(C1)C(=O)[C@H](CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC3=CC=CC=C3)N)C(=O)O SJRQWEDYTKYHHL-SLFFLAALSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIIRRNQMMIHYHQ-XHSDSOJGSA-N Phe-Val-Pro Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)N1CCC[C@@H]1C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC2=CC=CC=C2)N VIIRRNQMMIHYHQ-XHSDSOJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010035226 Plasma cell myeloma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010021757 Polynucleotide 5'-Hydroxyl-Kinase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000008422 Polynucleotide 5'-hydroxyl-kinase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IFMDQWDAJUMMJC-DCAQKATOSA-N Pro-Ala-Leu Chemical compound [H]N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O IFMDQWDAJUMMJC-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORPZXBQTEHINPB-SRVKXCTJSA-N Pro-Arg-Val Chemical compound CC(C)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1)C(O)=O ORPZXBQTEHINPB-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INXAPZFIOVGHSV-CIUDSAMLSA-N Pro-Asn-Gln Chemical compound NC(=O)CC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1 INXAPZFIOVGHSV-CIUDSAMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJLJGKQAOQJXJG-CIUDSAMLSA-N Pro-Asp-Glu Chemical compound [H]N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O VJLJGKQAOQJXJG-CIUDSAMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NXEYSLRNNPWCRN-SRVKXCTJSA-N Pro-Glu-Leu Chemical compound [H]N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O NXEYSLRNNPWCRN-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HAAQQNHQZBOWFO-LURJTMIESA-N Pro-Gly-Gly Chemical compound OC(=O)CNC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1 HAAQQNHQZBOWFO-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRQCDSNPRNGWRG-AVGNSLFASA-N Pro-His-Met Chemical compound CSCC[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CN=CN1)NC(=O)[C@@H]2CCCN2 JRQCDSNPRNGWRG-AVGNSLFASA-N 0.000 description 1
- YAZNFQUKPUASKB-DCAQKATOSA-N Pro-Lys-Cys Chemical compound C1C[C@H](NC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)O YAZNFQUKPUASKB-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHHQQZIFLWFZGR-DCAQKATOSA-N Pro-Lys-Ser Chemical compound [H]N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O MHHQQZIFLWFZGR-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBBLSVBQGZKOZ-GUBZILKMSA-N Pro-Met-Ala Chemical compound [H]N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O HBBBLSVBQGZKOZ-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AIOWVDNPESPXRB-YTWAJWBKSA-N Pro-Thr-Pro Chemical compound C[C@H]([C@@H](C(=O)N1CCC[C@@H]1C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@@H]2CCCN2)O AIOWVDNPESPXRB-YTWAJWBKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FIODMZKLZFLYQP-GUBZILKMSA-N Pro-Val-Ser Chemical compound [H]N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O FIODMZKLZFLYQP-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010001267 Protein Subunits Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000002067 Protein Subunits Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710092489 Protein kinase 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010087776 Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myb Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000012228 RNA interference-mediated gene silencing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010038470 Renal infarct Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108700008625 Reporter Genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N Ribose Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- GXXTUIUYTWGPMV-FXQIFTODSA-N Ser-Arg-Ala Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O GXXTUIUYTWGPMV-FXQIFTODSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUSRGTQIPCJNHQ-CIUDSAMLSA-N Ser-Arg-Glu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O YUSRGTQIPCJNHQ-CIUDSAMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQBLHWSPVYYZTB-DCAQKATOSA-N Ser-Arg-His Chemical compound C1=C(NC=N1)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)N VQBLHWSPVYYZTB-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDXYVIIVDIDOSX-DCAQKATOSA-N Ser-Arg-Leu Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CO)CCCN=C(N)N WDXYVIIVDIDOSX-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KAAPNMOKUUPKOE-SRVKXCTJSA-N Ser-Asn-Phe Chemical compound OC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KAAPNMOKUUPKOE-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPFJSHSJFIYDJZ-GHCJXIJMSA-N Ser-Asp-Ile Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CO QPFJSHSJFIYDJZ-GHCJXIJMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGOWRLSWJCVYAQ-CIUDSAMLSA-N Ser-Asp-Leu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O BGOWRLSWJCVYAQ-CIUDSAMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOLGINIHBRIECN-FXQIFTODSA-N Ser-Glu-Glu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O UOLGINIHBRIECN-FXQIFTODSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZFAWAQTEYDKII-YUMQZZPRSA-N Ser-Gly-Leu Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](N)CO GZFAWAQTEYDKII-YUMQZZPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRZLZIUXQBIWTB-KATARQTJSA-N Ser-Lys-Thr Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(O)=O LRZLZIUXQBIWTB-KATARQTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUTGONBTALQWMK-NAKRPEOUSA-N Ser-Met-Ile Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)N JUTGONBTALQWMK-NAKRPEOUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKDXFSPMIDSMGV-GUBZILKMSA-N Ser-Pro-Val Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(O)=O CKDXFSPMIDSMGV-GUBZILKMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQNDIKOYWZTZIX-FXQIFTODSA-N Ser-Ser-Arg Chemical compound OC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCCNC(N)=N KQNDIKOYWZTZIX-FXQIFTODSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AABIBDJHSKIMJK-FXQIFTODSA-N Ser-Ser-Met Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(O)=O AABIBDJHSKIMJK-FXQIFTODSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQJCEKXQUJQNNK-ZLUOBGJFSA-N Ser-Ser-Ser Chemical compound OC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O XQJCEKXQUJQNNK-ZLUOBGJFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSDXEKUKQAKZFE-XAVMHZPKSA-N Ser-Thr-Pro Chemical compound C[C@H]([C@@H](C(=O)N1CCC[C@@H]1C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)N)O ZSDXEKUKQAKZFE-XAVMHZPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCAVNDNYOGTQMQ-AAEUAGOBSA-N Ser-Trp-Gly Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)C(=O)NCC(O)=O BCAVNDNYOGTQMQ-AAEUAGOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATEQEHCGZKBEMU-GQGQLFGLSA-N Ser-Trp-Ile Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C21)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)N ATEQEHCGZKBEMU-GQGQLFGLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAIWUNAAPZZGRI-IHPCNDPISA-N Ser-Trp-Phe Chemical compound C1=CC=C(C=C1)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC2=CNC3=CC=CC=C32)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)N VAIWUNAAPZZGRI-IHPCNDPISA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Serine Natural products OCC(N)C(O)=O MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700584 Simplexvirus Species 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002105 Southern blotting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000191940 Staphylococcus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091081024 Start codon Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000194017 Streptococcus Species 0.000 description 1
- ZSJLQEPLLKMAKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Streptozotocin Natural products O=NN(C)C(=O)NC1C(O)OC(CO)C(O)C1O ZSJLQEPLLKMAKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 1
- 101150052863 THY1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGROJMCBGRFRGI-YTLHQDLWSA-N Thr-Ala-Ala Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O IGROJMCBGRFRGI-YTLHQDLWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUXQFMVPAYGPFJ-JXUBOQSCSA-N Thr-Ala-Lys Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCCCN ZUXQFMVPAYGPFJ-JXUBOQSCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEDIEMIJYSRUBB-FOHZUACHSA-N Thr-Asp-Gly Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)NCC(O)=O JEDIEMIJYSRUBB-FOHZUACHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRPKYGOFYUNIGM-XVSYOHENSA-N Thr-Asp-Phe Chemical compound C[C@H]([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)O)N)O KRPKYGOFYUNIGM-XVSYOHENSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDQBCBUXAQIZAK-GLLZPBPUSA-N Thr-Glu-Glu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O UDQBCBUXAQIZAK-GLLZPBPUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQWNRERCGGZOKG-WEDXCCLWSA-N Thr-Gly-Leu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O QQWNRERCGGZOKG-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZTPXSEUVYNNZRB-CDMKHQONSA-N Thr-Gly-Phe Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O ZTPXSEUVYNNZRB-CDMKHQONSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPAKPLPGQNUXGN-OSUNSFLBSA-N Thr-Ile-Arg Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(O)=O WPAKPLPGQNUXGN-OSUNSFLBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFRIEEKFXOVPIR-RHYQMDGZSA-N Thr-Pro-Lys Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(O)=O GFRIEEKFXOVPIR-RHYQMDGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KERCOYANYUPLHJ-XGEHTFHBSA-N Thr-Pro-Ser Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O KERCOYANYUPLHJ-XGEHTFHBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGCDFAJJCRVQKU-RCWTZXSCSA-N Thr-Pro-Val Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@@H](N)[C@@H](C)O YGCDFAJJCRVQKU-RCWTZXSCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWONLXBUSVIZPH-RHYQMDGZSA-N Thr-Val-Lys Chemical compound C[C@H]([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)O)N)O PWONLXBUSVIZPH-RHYQMDGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091023040 Transcription factor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000040945 Transcription factor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- OFCKFBGRYHOKFP-IHPCNDPISA-N Trp-Asp-Tyr Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CN2)C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC3=CC=C(C=C3)O)C(=O)O)N OFCKFBGRYHOKFP-IHPCNDPISA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPVDDQYNBOVWLR-HOCLYGCPSA-N Trp-Gly-Leu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O RPVDDQYNBOVWLR-HOCLYGCPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOBZBMOTRORUPT-XIRDDKMYSA-N Trp-Ser-Leu Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 BOBZBMOTRORUPT-XIRDDKMYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010048302 Tubulointerstitial nephritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HKIUVWMZYFBIHG-KKUMJFAQSA-N Tyr-Arg-Gln Chemical compound C1=CC(=CC=C1C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)O)N)O HKIUVWMZYFBIHG-KKUMJFAQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRWOSTCODDFEKZ-HRCADAONSA-N Tyr-Arg-Pro Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](N(C1)C(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)N)C(=O)O CRWOSTCODDFEKZ-HRCADAONSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOCXXGZHHSPNEJ-AVGNSLFASA-N Tyr-Cys-Glu Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O MOCXXGZHHSPNEJ-AVGNSLFASA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHUNBABNQPIETG-MELADBBJSA-N Tyr-Cys-Pro Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](N(C1)C(=O)[C@H](CS)NC(=O)[C@H](CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)N)C(=O)O GHUNBABNQPIETG-MELADBBJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUILOGWWLXMSAT-IHRRRGAJSA-N Tyr-Gln-Gln Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O QUILOGWWLXMSAT-IHRRRGAJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXUFNBVCPAWACG-SIUGBPQLSA-N Tyr-Gln-Ile Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(C=C1)O)N UXUFNBVCPAWACG-SIUGBPQLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQJDICVXXIMMMB-XDTLVQLUSA-N Tyr-Glu-Ala Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O NQJDICVXXIMMMB-XDTLVQLUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZFCWALTLNFHHC-JYJNAYRXSA-N Tyr-Glu-Leu Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NZFCWALTLNFHHC-JYJNAYRXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXWBYOVVDRBOGU-SIUGBPQLSA-N Tyr-Ile-Gln Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(C=C1)O)N AXWBYOVVDRBOGU-SIUGBPQLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZOZXAYPVKKDIO-UFYCRDLUSA-N Tyr-Met-Tyr Chemical compound C([C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(O)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KZOZXAYPVKKDIO-UFYCRDLUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKDNSNWJEXAMSU-IRXDYDNUSA-N Tyr-Phe-Gly Chemical compound C([C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)NCC(O)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OKDNSNWJEXAMSU-IRXDYDNUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSALWJCUIAQKFW-ACRUOGEOSA-N Tyr-Phe-Lys Chemical compound C1=CC=C(C=C1)C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)N PSALWJCUIAQKFW-ACRUOGEOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAPWZOJOLKZEFR-AVGNSLFASA-N Val-Arg-Lys Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)O)N PAPWZOJOLKZEFR-AVGNSLFASA-N 0.000 description 1
- YTUABZMPYKCWCQ-XQQFMLRXSA-N Val-His-Pro Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CN=CN1)C(=O)N2CCC[C@@H]2C(=O)O)N YTUABZMPYKCWCQ-XQQFMLRXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMPVMAYCLYMYGA-ONGXEEELSA-N Val-Leu-Gly Chemical compound CC(C)[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(O)=O UMPVMAYCLYMYGA-ONGXEEELSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTWMICVCQLKKNR-DCAQKATOSA-N Val-Leu-Ser Chemical compound CC(C)[C@H]([NH3+])C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C([O-])=O BTWMICVCQLKKNR-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTEZUXISLQTDDQ-NHCYSSNCSA-N Val-Lys-Asp Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)N KTEZUXISLQTDDQ-NHCYSSNCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRSZTKTVPNSUNA-IHRRRGAJSA-N Val-Lys-Leu Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)C(C)C)C(O)=O ZRSZTKTVPNSUNA-IHRRRGAJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXWJFWAZIVWBOS-XQQFMLRXSA-N Val-Lys-Pro Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1CCC[C@@H]1C(=O)O)N CXWJFWAZIVWBOS-XQQFMLRXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YTNGABPUXFEOGU-SRVKXCTJSA-N Val-Pro-Arg Chemical compound CC(C)[C@H](N)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(O)=O YTNGABPUXFEOGU-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSCIANXXVZOYOC-AVGNSLFASA-N Val-Pro-His Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CC2=CN=CN2)C(=O)O)N VSCIANXXVZOYOC-AVGNSLFASA-N 0.000 description 1
- SDHZOOIGIUEPDY-JYJNAYRXSA-N Val-Ser-Trp Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)C(C)C)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 SDHZOOIGIUEPDY-JYJNAYRXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930003316 Vitamin D Natural products 0.000 description 1
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMNZFMSWFCAGGW-XPWSMXQVSA-N [3-[hydroxy(2-hydroxyethoxy)phosphoryl]oxy-2-[(e)-octadec-9-enoyl]oxypropyl] (e)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COP(O)(=O)OCCO)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC HMNZFMSWFCAGGW-XPWSMXQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKMLYUALXHKNFT-RHXYWGNOSA-N [[(2r,3s,4r,5r)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-3h-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] dihydroxyphosphoryl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound C1=2NC(N)=NC(=O)C=2N=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)O[32P](O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O XKMLYUALXHKNFT-RHXYWGNOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000851 acute glomerulonephritis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010076324 alanyl-glycyl-glycine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010005233 alanylglutamic acid Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010070783 alanyltyrosine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-D-Furanose-Ribose Natural products OCC1OC(O)C(O)C1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004103 aminoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 208000007502 anemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010008355 arginyl-glutamine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010052670 arginyl-glutamyl-glutamic acid Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010036533 arginylvaline Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 108010093581 aspartyl-proline Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010038633 aspartylglutamate Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003124 biologic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007413 biotinylation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006287 biotinylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009045 body homeostasis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000006297 carbonyl amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:2])C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001364 causal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007910 cell fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019416 cholic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-OELDTZBJSA-N cholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1C[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C1 BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-OELDTZBJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002471 cholic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000006368 chronic pyelonephritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000749 chronicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001149 cognitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012228 culture supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000151 cysteine group Chemical group N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-LLQZFEROSA-N deoxycholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1CC2)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C1 KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-LLQZFEROSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003964 deoxycholic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011697 diabetes animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
- UZBQIPPOMKBLAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylazanide Chemical compound CC[N-]CC UZBQIPPOMKBLAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001079 dilazep Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IZEKFCXSFNUWAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipyridamole Chemical compound C=12N=C(N(CCO)CCO)N=C(N3CCCCC3)C2=NC(N(CCO)CCO)=NC=1N1CCCCC1 IZEKFCXSFNUWAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002768 dipyridamole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002934 diuretic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001882 diuretic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006196 drop Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009509 drug development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002651 drug therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013399 early diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- YQGOJNYOYNNSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N eosin Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=C2C=C(Br)C(=O)C(Br)=C2OC2=C(Br)C(O)=C(Br)C=C21 YQGOJNYOYNNSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000003527 eukaryotic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 102000013165 exonuclease Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011087 fumaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007849 functional defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 108010063718 gamma-glutamylaspartic acid Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001434 glomerular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000585 glomerular basement membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010078144 glutaminyl-glycine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010055341 glutamyl-glutamic acid Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VPZXBVLAVMBEQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycyl-DL-alpha-alanine Natural products OC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)CN VPZXBVLAVMBEQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010051307 glycyl-glycyl-proline Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010089804 glycyl-threonine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002949 hemolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000002672 hepatitis B Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000003215 hereditary nephritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 108010036413 histidylglycine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010028295 histidylhistidine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010092114 histidylphenylalanine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010085325 histidylproline Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003053 immunization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003018 immunoassay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007233 immunological mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003547 immunosorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007928 intraperitoneal injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000244 kidney pelvis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000021 kinase assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;hydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound [Li+].O.[OH-] GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 108010009298 lysylglutamic acid Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003584 mesangial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 108010056582 methionylglutamic acid Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CAAULPUQFIIOTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound COP(O)(O)=O CAAULPUQFIIOTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010369 molecular cloning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005181 morphine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000000050 myeloid neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002547 new drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000038001 non-diabetic kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009871 nonspecific binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000007899 nucleic acid hybridization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002853 nucleic acid probe Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002777 nucleoside Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003833 nucleoside derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004987 o-phenylenediamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methylisopropylbenzene Natural products CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000496 pancreas Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001151 peptidyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001050 pharmacotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004713 phosphodiesters Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-L phosphoramidate Chemical compound NP([O-])([O-])=O PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoramidic acid Chemical compound NP(O)(O)=O PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003053 piperidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000002826 placenta Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108010020755 prolyl-glycyl-glycine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010014614 prolyl-glycyl-proline Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010004914 prolylarginine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010070643 prolylglutamic acid Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010029020 prolylglycine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002307 prostate Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009822 protein phosphorylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001243 protein synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000512 proximal kidney tubule Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000003217 pyrazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012207 quantitative assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029865 regulation of blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008085 renal dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000019491 signal transduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126589 solid medicine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010532 solid phase synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZSJLQEPLLKMAKR-GKHCUFPYSA-N streptozocin Chemical compound O=NN(C)C(=O)N[C@H]1[C@@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O ZSJLQEPLLKMAKR-GKHCUFPYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001052 streptozocin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000341 threoninyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])(N([H])[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000013518 transcription Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035897 transcription Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005026 transcription initiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000026683 transduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010361 transduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014621 translational initiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 241000712461 unidentified influenza virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019166 vitamin D Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011710 vitamin D Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003710 vitamin D derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940046008 vitamin d Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6893—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids related to diseases not provided for elsewhere
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/12—Ketones
- A61K31/122—Ketones having the oxygen directly attached to a ring, e.g. quinones, vitamin K1, anthralin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/336—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having three-membered rings, e.g. oxirane, fumagillin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/352—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
- A61K31/4184—1,3-Diazoles condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. benzimidazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/4196—1,2,4-Triazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/4427—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4439—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. omeprazole
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
- A61K31/4709—Non-condensed quinolines and containing further heterocyclic rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/4965—Non-condensed pyrazines
- A61K31/497—Non-condensed pyrazines containing further heterocyclic rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7042—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
- A61K31/7052—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides
- A61K31/7056—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing five-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7088—Compounds having three or more nucleosides or nucleotides
- A61K31/711—Natural deoxyribonucleic acids, i.e. containing only 2'-deoxyriboses attached to adenine, guanine, cytosine or thymine and having 3'-5' phosphodiester links
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/04—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
- C07D311/22—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4
- C07D311/26—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3
- C07D311/28—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 only
- C07D311/30—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 only not hydrogenated in the hetero ring, e.g. flavones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6883—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种新型肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物以及肾脏疾病的诊断方法(检测方法)。所述本发明肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物含有以酪蛋白激酶2的抑制物质为有效成分。另外,本发明的肾脏疾病的诊断方法是测定从机体分离的样品中酪蛋白激酶2的活性或含量或酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达水平。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物以及肾脏疾病的诊断方法。
背景技术
肾脏是形成于体腔背侧呈左右对称的泌尿器官,通过形成尿来维持机体的恒定性,如1)水分排泄、2)代谢产物,尤其是氮成分排泄、3)电解质排泄、4)异种物质排泄、5)调节血液渗透压·体液量以及酸碱平衡等。肾脏还担负着重要生理功能,例如通过产生和分泌肾素或前列腺素来调节血压、还通过产生促红细胞生长素来调节骨髓中的红细胞的分化与成熟,进一步活化维生素D的前体即25-羟维生素D等(Blood,68(Suppl),170a,1986,Proc Natl AcadSci USA,28,1199,1981)。肾脏是由大约100万个被称作肾单位的功能单位的集合体,肾单位由肾小球、肾小球囊、近球端小管、髓袢、远球端小管构成。肾单位在集合管处会合,集合管开口于肾盂。肾小球在球状的毛细血管块滤过血液生成原尿。原尿在肾小管进行再吸收和分泌最终形成尿。一般来说,肾小球在滤过过程中控制血液中的必要物质特别是防止血清蛋白渗出到尿中,但肾小球一旦发生障碍则引起组成细胞之一的肾小球膜细胞的增殖和周围基质的增加,增加尿中的蛋白排泄量。尿中蛋白排泄量一旦增加,该蛋白本身阻碍肾小管,进一步加大阻碍肾小球,导致陷入恶性循环之中从此以后加速肾功能的损坏。
典型的肾脏疾病有肾小球以及肾小管间质性肾炎或糖尿病性肾病。众所周知的有急性肾炎症候群、急速进行性肾炎症候群、反复性或持续性血尿症候群、慢性肾炎症候群、肾病症候群、糖尿病性肾病、狼疮肾炎、IgA肾病、慢性肾盂肾炎、肾硬化、肾性高血压、痛风肾、急性肾功能不全和慢性肾功能不全等。肾脏疾病呈现复杂多样的病态,无论哪一种一旦慢性化有时就会导致肾功能不全,处于生命危在旦夕。目前,众所周知,肾脏疾病的治疗方法,依其患病程度有保持肾脏机能的治疗方法例如,安静疗法、食物疗法或药物疗法、血液透析疗法或肾移植。尤其是,一旦患上肾功能不全,则必须依靠血液透析或腹膜透析等的透析疗法或肾移植。血液透析疗法虽然看作是肾脏疾病的最终治疗方法,但仅仅从血中除去由肾脏功能障碍而储留在体内的代谢废物,无法恢复严重障碍的肾脏机能,患者一方面要遭受痛苦的折磨,一方面又不得不一生要依赖设备和高额费用的透析疗法。而且大多数情况,最终将导致心机能不全、感染并发症而死亡。近年来,随着新型的透析的引入而进行透析的患者年年增加,从经济上,社会上来看已经成为很大的问题。虽然肾移植是肾脏机能不全唯一能够根治的方法,但存在捐献肾脏的志愿者缺乏、机体组织适应性的难度大且具有回避排斥反应等很多问题,且实施例又少,迫切希望能够开发出根治的方法或治疗药物。大多数是由于肾脏机能不全而导致的疾病或病态,肾炎和糖尿病性肾炎作为疾病的原因占有很大比例,这些肾脏疾病的治疗和预防成为肾脏疾病治疗中的最大研究课题之一。肾炎分为由肾小球障碍引起的肾小球肾炎和由肾小管引起的肾小管肾炎,前者随着肾小球的损伤的持续引起肾小管颓废,而后者仅为肾小管颓废。临床上主要的狼疮肾炎、IgA肾病等包含在肾小球肾炎中,但其发病机理分为免疫学机理和非免疫学机理。对于前者举例,已知有葡萄球菌、溶血性链球菌等细菌或B型肝炎、麻疹等源于病毒的抗原以及针对这些抗原的抗体所组成的免疫复合体附着到肾小球上。目前,考虑还有其他多种原因但很大部分都未解决。由于持续性慢性肾炎导致体液中的代谢物的排泄堵塞而增加肾脏负担,更进一步地加剧肾炎的发展不断地颓废。肾小球及肾小管完全颓废导致肾功能不全其肾脏无法再回复功能,且能够使肾脏再生的治疗方法或治疗药物迄今为止还没有完成。急性肾炎以及轻度的慢性肾炎虽然都在使用类固醇性质的抗炎症药物,但慢性肾炎恶化导致所谓的肾功能不全时没有从根本上治疗的方法,只能靠透析疗法来维持。然而,在肾脏中,激素等分泌功能也是非常重要,尤其是由于近端小管的颓废在此产生的促红细胞生长素减少导致严重贫血。为此迫切希望能够早期诊断及治疗。
就目前而言,药物治疗在肾炎方面主要使用类固醇性抗炎症药物,针对病因或病症可以使用免疫抑制剂、抗血小板制剂、降压剂、利尿剂等。另外,糖尿病性肾病一方面严格地控制血糖,一方面使用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂或ATII受体阻断剂、钙阻断剂等降压剂。然而,在这些现有的肾脏疾病治疗药物上很难充分地阻断肾脏功能不全的进展,其现状是在根本性治疗方面还相差甚远(岗博·和田攻责任编辑,<医科学大辞典>,增补5,最新治疗信息,第218页,讲谈社,1988年)。如此看来,现在还不能说用于治疗肾脏疾病的药物已经充分满足现在的需要。另外,长期使用药物的副作用也成为现实问题,现在基本上是以患者的安静疗法或食物疗法为主而进行的预防治疗。肾脏疾病治疗药物还处于一种反复试验状态,希望开发更有效的治疗药物。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的就是提供一种有效的肾脏疾病治疗或预防药物,以及肾脏疾病的诊断方法。
本发明人为了解决上述技术问题,将抗肾小球基底膜抗体诱导的大鼠动物模型的肾炎作为研究对象反复进行科学研究。也就是说,通过比较本模型肾脏疾病状态肾脏中的基因表达和非肾脏疾病状态肾脏中的基因表达,在进行肾脏疾病状态的肾脏所表达基因的研究时,发现在肾脏疾病状态的肾脏中酪蛋白激酶2显著的增加。而且通过将酪蛋白激酶2的表达作为指标不仅可以诊断肾脏疾病,而且证实,通过投与酪蛋白激酶2抑制物质还可以治疗或预防肾脏疾病,从而完成本发明。
也就是说,本发明提供一种肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物,其含有酪蛋白激酶2的抑制物质作为有效成分。本发明还提供一种肾脏疾病的诊断方法,该方法包含测定由机体分离的样品中酪蛋白激酶2的活性或含量或酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达水平。本发明还提供了抑制酪蛋白激酶2的物质在制备治疗或预防肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物中的应用。本发明还提供一种肾脏疾病的治疗或预防方法,该方法包括将有效量的抑制酪蛋白激酶2的物质施用至肾脏疾病患者或希望预防肾脏疾病的人体上。
本发明所提供的肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物是迄今为止的药物所无法期待的具有优异的充分的治疗或预防效果的药物。另外,通过本发明诊断肾脏疾病的方法(肾脏疾病的检测方法)可以准确而有效地诊断和检测肾脏疾病的病态。
附图简要说明
图1表示肾脏组织即组成肾脏的细胞中酪蛋白激酶2基因表达水平与尿蛋白排泄量即与肾脏疾病症状之间的关系图。
图2表示施用酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位的反义寡核苷酸对肾炎大鼠模型的尿蛋白排泄量的效果图。*:p<0.05
图3表示芹菜素(アピゲニン,apigenin)对酪蛋白激酶2酶活性的抑制作用。
图4表示施用酪蛋白激酶2抑制剂--芹菜素对肾炎大鼠模型的尿蛋白排泄量的效果图。*:p<0.05
图5表示施用酪蛋白激酶2抑制剂对肾炎大鼠模型的尿蛋白排泄量的效果图。*:p<0.01
图6表示施用酪蛋白激酶2抑制剂对肾炎大鼠模型的血液中肌酐浓度的效果图。*:p<0.01
图7表示施用酪蛋白激酶2抑制剂对肾炎大鼠模型的内源性肌酐清除率的效果图。*:p<0.01
具体实施方式
作为本发明肾脏疾病的治疗或预防剂的治疗或预防对象的肾脏疾病,只要是肾脏疾病即可,没有特殊的限制,可举例为,肾小球肾炎、间质性肾炎、肾硬化、糖尿病性肾病、慢性及急性肾功能不全。特别举例为,急性肾小球肾炎症候群、急速进行性肾小球肾炎症候群、反复性或持续性血尿症候群、IgA肾病、慢性肾盂炎、肾病症候群、狼疮肾炎、肾性高血压、痛风肾、急性肾小管间质性肾炎、慢性肾小管间质性肾炎、肾梗塞、药物性肾障碍、移植肾的功能不全、肾结石以及伴随尿管闭塞的肾功能障碍等。其中,非糖尿病性的肾脏疾病是优选对象。特别是肾炎为优选对象。尤其是以酪蛋白激酶2的表达亢进或酶活性亢进为特征的上述疾患为优选对象。本发明除了适用于人的疾患外,还适用于猴、狗、猫、猪、牛、马、羊、山羊、兔子、大鼠、小鼠等哺乳动物,不仅仅可以用于人体还可以用作动物医药品。另外,本发明肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物,适用于肾脏疾病的治疗、肾脏疾病的预防以及肾脏疾病的治疗和症状的恶化预防并行实施。
如上所述,本发明肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物含有抑制酪蛋白激酶2的物质作为有效成分。酪蛋白激酶2属于蛋白质,为基质特异性广泛的多功能蛋白激酶的一种。广泛分布在真核细胞中,存在于细胞质、细胞核中。由分子量41-44kDα亚单位、α′亚单位和24-28kDβ亚单位组成,由分子量130-140kDααββ或αα′ββ四单体组成(Boichemistry,28,4072-4076(1989);Boichemistry,29,8436-8447(1990);Boichemistry,28,9053-9058(1989))。在α亚单位和α′亚单位上有活性中心,把作为酶的蛋白的丝氨酸、苏氨酸残基磷酸化,利用ATP、GTP作为磷酸供给源。迄今为止,酪蛋白激酶2在机体内的意义和病态时的意义还没有被充分地阐明。甚至,酪蛋白激酶2在肾脏疾病的肾脏中表达以及通过施用抑制酪蛋白激酶2的物质能够治疗或预防肾脏疾病还不为人所知,通过抑制酪蛋白激酶2可以治疗或预防肾脏疾病这一事实,在现有技术中是完全无法预料的,是发明人首次发现的。
正如以下实施例所详细地描述,本发明人发现:处于肾脏疾病状态中的肾脏细胞中酪蛋白激酶2基因表达水平明显比正常肾脏细胞中表达水平高,还发现:通过施用抑制酪蛋白激酶2的物质肾脏疾病状态明显地得到改善。因此,在本发明肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物中有效成分所含有的、抑制酪蛋白激酶2的物质只要是可以抑制酪蛋白激酶2的、并且药学上允许的物质均可,且为现有的有效治疗方法中从未有过的对肾脏疾病进行治疗或预防的药物。处于肾脏疾病状态在构成肾脏的细胞中,如实施例所示,与正常肾脏细胞相比,酪蛋白激酶2的基因表达水平明显增大。在组成肾脏的细胞中酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达水平越大,肾脏疾病的状态越恶化,表达水平越接近正常值肾脏疾病的状态越接近正常。不仅仅是基因表达,在蛋白质表达上也是如此,如实施例所示,在组成肾脏疾病状态的肾脏的细胞中与正常肾脏组成细胞相比,酪蛋白激酶2蛋白质表达水平即含量明显地增多。肾脏细胞中的酪蛋白激酶2蛋白质表达水平越高即含量越多肾脏疾病的状态越恶化,表达水平即含量越接近正常值肾脏疾病的状态越接近正常。还有,酪蛋白激酶2蛋白质表达水平即含量与酪蛋白激酶2的酶活性即机能有着密切的关系。即如实施例所示,酪蛋白激酶2蛋白质含量越多酪蛋白激酶2的酶活性即机能越高。由此显示,酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达水平、蛋白质的表达水平即含量以及酶活性即机能越高肾脏疾病的状态越恶化,它们被适当抑制肾脏疾病的状态越接近正常。还有,使酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达、蛋白质的表达水平即含量以及酶活性即机能降低或抑制的手段,以及具有使它们降低或抑制的物质,无论使用任何手段和任何物质,都会使肾脏疾病的状态处于接近正常状态,具有治疗和预防肾脏疾病的作用或效果都可以在一般性认识上进行理论说明。如实施例所示,针对处于肾脏疾病状态的肾脏通过各种手段(例如,用反义寡核苷酸抑制酪蛋白激酶2表达的手段,或者用化合物抑制酪蛋白激酶2的酶活性的手段)抑制酪蛋白激酶2,任何一种方法都具有使肾脏疾病的状态处于接近正常状态的作用或效果,具有治疗和预防肾脏疾病的作用或效果。换言之,针对处于肾脏疾病状态的肾脏,具有抑制酪蛋白激酶2的机能的各种物质(例如,作为抑制酪蛋白激酶2表达物质的反义寡核苷酸,或者作为抑制酪蛋白激酶2酶活性物质的化合物)中的任何一种物质都具有使肾脏疾病的状态处于接近正常状态的作用或效果,具有治疗和预防肾脏疾病的作用或效果,如实施例所示。也就是说,现在已经清楚地知道,一般具有抑制酪蛋白激酶2作用的手段和物质,具有治疗和预防肾脏疾病的作用。因此,在本发明肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物中作为有效成分所含有的、抑制酪蛋白激酶2的物质只要是可以抑制酪蛋白激酶2的并且药学上允许的即可,且为现有的有效治疗方法中从未有过的对肾脏疾病进行治疗或预防的药物。更进一步可以通过将酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达、表达水平即含量以及酶活性即机能作为指标来诊断肾脏疾病。另外,酪蛋白激酶2是已知物质,作为本领域普通技术人员来讲,可以想到抑制酪蛋白激酶2的手段及物质,关于这些问题在本发明中也有详细说明。因此,理所当然,无论如何,对于本领域普通技术人员,在通常技术范围内均能充分地实施。
在本发明中,所述适用于治疗或预防肾脏疾病的酪蛋白激酶2的抑制物质,其结果能使酪蛋白激酶2的效果降低即可,其可优选为:(1)抑制酪蛋白激酶2基因表达的物质(反义寡核苷酸、RNAi、或核酶等的转录、翻译、修饰抑制物质)以及(2)抑制酪蛋白激酶2酶活性的物质(酶活性竞争或非竞争的抑制物质、抗酪蛋白激酶2抗体及其抗原结合性片段等)。另外,也可以使用分解酪蛋白激酶2的物质或促进酪蛋白激酶2分解的物质。也可以是在机体内或试管内基本上能够抑制或排除与酪蛋白激酶2有关的信号传递系统的物质。这些抑制物通过下面实施例详细描述的酶活性测定法测定的对酪蛋白激酶2功能活性至少抑制或降低约30%,优选约50%,更优选约80%以上。酶活性测定法可以很容易地采用一般测定法所使用的方法进行测定。具体测定方法如下面所述。
以下,进一步详细地说明有关所述酪蛋白激酶2的抑制物质。
上述的(1)抑制酪蛋白激酶2基因表达的物质,可举例为,抑制酪蛋白激酶2的亚单位基因或蛋白质的表达(转录、翻译)或翻译后的修饰的核酸、化合物、肽等。优选核酸,所述优选的核酸举例为,针对酪蛋白激酶2基因的反义寡核苷酸、RNAi或核酶。更进一步含有酪蛋白激酶2反义基因的基因治疗用导入载体和通过该载体将酪蛋白激酶2反义基因导入的细胞,以及由该基因治疗用导入载体和通过该载体将酪蛋白激酶2反义基因导入的细胞作为有效成分的基因治疗药物也属于举例范畴之内。
在正常细胞内,以基因DNA-mRNA-蛋白质这样的顺序将基因信息传递下去。编码蛋白的mRNA的碱基序列称作正义序列,对于该序列互补的碱基序列称作反义序列。在原核生物(Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA第81卷,第1966-1970页(1984年)公开的T.Mizuno,M-Y Chou和M.Inoue的论文)和真核生物(NucleicAcids Res.第14卷,第6771-6772页(1986年)公开的S.M.Heywood论文)中,反义序列都作为基因表达自然发生的生物学的抑制因子,认为这些序列通过与互补的mRNA序列杂交而产生抑制翻译的作用(Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA第74卷,第4370-4374页(1977年)公开的B.M.Paterson,B.E.Roberts和E.L.Kuff的论文)。包含反义寡核苷酸在内的寡核苷酸,如沃森-克里克碱基配对形成所定义的一样,与前体mRNA或成熟mRNA任一互补的碱基序列特异地杂交。该用语中有自然界存在的碱基、糖、以及糖间(主链)结合形成的低聚物,还有以类似方式起作用的含有非自然界存在部分的低聚物。简单地说,反义法是这样一种方法:通过化学合成具有与从某基因DNA转录的mRNA相互补的碱基序列的反义寡核苷酸,施用至细胞或个体,特异性结合与mRNA互补的单链或双链,形成双螺旋结构,从而使其表达、mRNA或基因DNA的功能、翻译成蛋白质或向细胞质内输送、或整个生物学机能所必须的活性中的任何一种都能够被碱基序列特异地抑制。由此使得mRNA或基因DNA的功能的全部或部分不能发挥作用,导致用于调节蛋白质正确表达的基因组部分缺失,由此从基因DNA向蛋白质传递的遗传信息流被阻断,调节表达向着相反方向进行而被抑制。反义法就是碱基序列特异性地抑制具有与反义寡核苷酸相同序列的基因的表达。根据最近大量的研究证实,反义寡核苷酸作为基因功能分析方法具有重大的意义(Rothenberg et al.,J.Natl.Cancer Inst.1989,81,1539-1544,Zon,G.Pharmaceutical Res.1988,5,539-549)。
反义寡核苷酸是由4个碱基单位组成的长链,因此对于任何标记基因的碱基序列都很容易地合成。根据最新寡核苷酸化学方面的进展,以及核酸酶抗性寡核苷酸和S-寡核苷酸等的合成的最新发展,目前,已经能够考虑利用反义寡核苷酸作为新的治疗方法。细胞中包含很多能够分解核酸的外切核酸酶和内切核酸酶。现在很多核苷酸和核苷的修饰已经显示出重组的寡核苷酸要比天然寡核苷酸针对核酸酶消化更具有抗性。如此修饰或置换的寡核苷酸常常要比天然形式的优越。采用下述方法对核酸酶抗性进行常规的测定:将寡核苷酸与细胞提取物或分离的核酸酶溶液一起温育,通常通过凝胶电泳方法,检测随着时间的经过而残留的完整的寡核苷酸的程度。为了增强核酸酶抗性而修饰的寡核苷酸要比非修饰的寡核苷酸残留时间长并且完整。为了增强或赋予核酸酶的抗性已知有各种寡核苷酸的修饰。例如,按照要求优选几种寡核苷酸形式,其中包括S-寡核苷酸等的硫代磷酸酯、磷酸三酯、磷酸甲酯、短链烷基或环烷基糖间键、或者短链杂原子或杂环糖间键。S-寡核苷酸(核苷酸硫代磷酸酯)是寡核苷酸(O-寡)磷酸基非交联氧原子被硫原子所取代的等电类似物。S-寡核苷酸可通过利用相应的O-寡通过硫转移试剂即3H-1、2-苯并二硫-3-酮-1,1-二氧化物处理而获得。可以参照J.Org.Chem.第55卷,第4693-4698页,(1990年)公开的R.P.Iyer等论文,以及J.Am.Chem.Soc.第112卷,第1253-1254页(1990年)公开的R.P.Iyer等论文。优选形式为具有吗啡代主链构造的寡核苷酸(Summerton,J.E.和Weller,D.D.,美国专利第5,034,506号)。在其他优选形式中,可以用聚酰胺主链取代如蛋白质-核酸(PNA)主链的寡核苷酸的磷酸二酯主链(P.E.Nielsen,M.Egholm,R.H.Berf,O.Buchardt,Science 1991,254,1497)。此时,碱基直接地或间接地与聚酰胺主链上的氮杂氮原子结合。寡核苷酸可以用环丁基之类的糖类似物代替呋喃戊糖基。典型的寡核苷酸还包含提供1个或1个以上有用性质(例如,增强核酸酶抗性、增加细胞内重组、增加对RNA靶结合的亲和性)的至少一个被修饰的核苷酸区和为RNase H切割的基质区。在一个优选的实施方式中,寡核苷酸包含为增加靶结合的亲和性而修饰的至少一个区和通常作为RNase H切割的基质的功能区。针对该靶子(此时为编码酪蛋白激酶2的核酸)的寡核苷酸的亲和性通过测定寡核苷酸和靶子的解离温度即寡核苷酸/靶子对的解链温度(Tm),按照常规方法进行确定。而解离还可依据分光学进行检测。解链温度(Tm)越高寡核苷酸则与靶子相应的寡核苷酸的亲和性越大。在优选实施方式中,为增加酪蛋白激酶2 mRNA结合亲和性而进行修饰的寡核苷酸区域包含糖2′位被修饰的至少一个核苷酸(最优选的是2′-O-烷基或2′-氟修饰的核苷酸)。把这种修饰常规地向寡核苷酸内重组,该重组的寡核苷酸针对靶子显示出具有高于2′-脱氧寡核苷酸解链温度(Tm)(即,更强的靶子结合亲和性)。如此增强的亲和性效果已经显示出针对酪蛋白激酶2的反义寡核苷酸效果显著增强。RNase H是切割RNA:DNA双链中的RNA链的细胞性内切核酸酶。因此,该酶的活化将切割RNA靶子并能够极大地促进反义抑制的效率。RNA靶子的切割可以常规地根据凝胶电泳表示。
寡核苷酸或类似物包含约12个至约50个碱基,优选12-25个碱基,更优选16-22个碱基。所述寡核苷酸或类似物在生理学条件下(就解链温度(Tm)而言,基本上高于37℃,优选至少50℃,一般为60-80℃或以上),进一步与靶mRNA碱基序列特异性结合杂交。所述杂交优选严谨杂交条件,该条件的选择使得在离子强度和pH值下比靶mRNA碱基序列的解链温度(Tm)约低10℃,且优选约低5℃。而且互补性(一种多肽与相应的其他多肽互补的程度)根据一般人们接受的碱基配对原则,通过相互形成氢键来预测对应链的碱基比例进而定量化。所说能特异性杂交和互补通常是由于DNA或RNA靶子和寡核苷酸之间产生稳定的且特异的键从而具有很高互补性时所使用的技术用语。能特异地杂交可以理解为寡核苷酸无需与它的靶核酸序列100%互补。当然100%互补是表示最优选的特异性和有效抑制翻译。即使不是100%互补的时候,优选互补性为90%以上(即,与mRNA杂交的反义寡核苷酸中的碱基中,配对的mRNA碱基和错配碱基的数目占寡核苷酸总量的10%以下)。与靶结合的寡核苷酸当妨碍靶分子正常功能而引起有用性消失时,和特异性结合所需要的条件下例如治疗处置时是在生理条件下,为了避免与非靶序列的寡核苷酸的非特异性结合存在充分的互补性时,寡核苷酸就可能特异性地杂交。所述寡核苷酸或类似物可以根据众所周知的固相合成技术方便地按照常规方法获得。关于寡核苷酸的化学合成的研究请参照生物共轭化学(Bioconjugate Chemistry)第1卷,第165-167页(1990年)公开的Goodchild论文。例如,寡核苷酸用标准磷酰胺酯(ホスホロアミダイト,phosphoroamidate)化学进行碘氧化自动DNA合成仪(アプライドバイオシステムズモデル380B)合成,这样的合成装置由包含アプライドバイオシステムズ的多家销售商进行销售。所述寡核苷酸或类似物的合成在日常技术人员的技术范围内可以完全地进行。或者反义寡核苷酸可以从很多专门从事寡核苷酸合成的企业中获得。硫代磷酸酯以及烷基化衍生物之类的其他寡核苷酸的制备已知有相同的使用技术。另外,为了合成荧光标记、生物素化或胆固醇修饰寡核苷酸之类的其他的修饰寡核苷酸,已知有相同的技术以及从可以商购得到的生物素、荧光素、吖啶、补骨脂素修饰的アミダイト(amidite)和/或控制细孔玻璃(CPG)(Glen Research,Sterling VA)入手可得到修饰的アミダイト(amidite)和CPG产物。
反义法是把疾患原因基因或疾患相关基因本身作为靶子,所以是一种接近病因治疗的方法,将反义寡核苷酸用作治疗很多疾患的治疗药物存在着极大的可能性。例如,美国专利第5135917号提供一种抑制人白介素1-受体表达的反义寡核苷酸。美国专利第5098890号涉及与c-myb癌基因相互补的反义寡核苷酸以及某种癌状态的反义寡核苷酸治疗。美国专利第5087617号提供一种通过反义寡核苷酸对癌患者的处置方法。美国专利第5166195号提供一种HIV的寡核苷酸抑制剂。美国专利第5004810号提供一种与单纯疱疹病毒Vmw65mRNA杂交并能抑制复制的低聚物。美国专利第5194428号提供一种针对流感病毒具有抗病毒活性的反义寡核苷酸。美国专利第4806463号提供一种在反义寡核苷酸和HTLV-III复制抑制过程中采用这些物质的方法。美国专利第5286717号涉及与癌基因互补的混合结合寡核苷酸硫代磷酸酯。美国专利第5276019号和第5264423号涉及用于抑制细胞中外源性核酸复制的硫代磷酸酯寡核苷酸类似物。硫代磷酸酯·寡核苷酸显示对AIDS患者巨细胞病毒网膜炎是有效的(BioWorld Today,1994年)。因此,我们确立了寡核苷酸是有用的治疗手段,在细胞及动物(特别是人类)的处置养生法中是有意义的。酪蛋白激酶2表达抑制也对肾脏疾病的治疗极为有用。
酪蛋白激酶2的cDNA序列是公知的(例如人的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位的cDNA序列已经公开在GenBank Accession No.J02853、人的酪蛋白激酶2α′亚单位的cDNA序列已经公开在GenBank Accession No.M55268、人的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位的cDNA序列已经公开在GenBank Accession No.AY113186、大鼠的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位的cDNA序列已经公开在GenBank AccessionNo.NM 031021、大鼠的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位的cDNA序列已经公开在GenBank Accession No.L15618、小鼠的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位的cDNA序列已经公开在GenBank Accession No.AJ001420、小鼠的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位的cDNA序列已经公开在GenBank Accession No.NM 009975。其中,人酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位、人酪蛋白激酶2α′亚单位、人酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位、大鼠酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位和2β亚单位的cDNA分别表示在序列编号15至19。),所以,从酪蛋白激酶2基因转录形成的mRNA所对应的反义寡核苷酸可以很容易地合成得到。
也就是说,具有与所述这些mRNA碱基序列互补的碱基序列的寡核苷酸基本上可以用作反义寡核苷酸。优选通过BLAST检索等确认选择的碱基序列对靶基因具有特异性(即,该靶基因以外的基因中,该碱基序列或与其同源性高的碱基序列不存在)。具体举例为,大鼠酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位(包括α′亚单位)的反义寡核苷酸可以使用5′-gtaatcatcttgattacccca-3′(序列编号1)、大鼠酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位的的反义寡核苷酸可以使用5′-ggttggccggccgcttgggcc-3′(序列编号2)。其他示例如具有序列编号3-10所记载的碱基序列的寡核苷酸。还有与酪蛋白激酶2的mRNA杂交的寡核苷酸已知有很多种(例如,WO020/62951号和WO020/62954号),可以使用这些公知的寡核苷酸。与动物种相应的碱基序列、或者由该碱基序列的一部分组成的寡核苷酸或其类似物在本发明也是适用的。不仅是mRNA编码区域,5′-非翻译区域、3′-非翻译区域、5′帽和内含子/外显子结合部位区域也作为反义寡核苷酸的靶区域。即,与编码区域相同,可以将由本发明制得的寡核苷酸和类似物的区域的全部或部分作为靶子。根据优选实施方式,寡核苷酸或类似物可以与转录起始部位、翻译起始部位、3′-非翻译区域中的内含子/外显子结合部位或与碱基序列特异性杂交。在妨碍mRNA的功能中包括向蛋白质翻译部位转运(トランスロケ-シヨン)mRNA、由mRNA翻译实际的蛋白质、mRNA的剪接或成熟以及可能由mRNA进行的为了保持独立酶活性的所有功能。妨碍mRNA功能的整体效果就是妨碍酪蛋白激酶2的蛋白质表达。所述的反义寡核苷酸或类似物为至少可以与编码酪蛋白激酶2蛋白质的mRNA进行特异性碱基序列杂交、并选择性改变酪蛋白激酶2表达所得到的寡核苷酸或类似物。另外,如果将酪蛋白激酶2的反义寡核苷酸或类似物施用至细胞或个体,可以选择性的抑制仅仅进行特异性碱基序列的酪蛋白激酶2的表达,进而可以治疗肾脏疾病。本发明所使用的酪蛋白激酶2的反义寡核苷酸是一种既与编码酪蛋白激酶2的mRNA编码区域、3′非翻译区域、5′非翻译区域、5′帽以及/或内含子/外显子结合部位具有互补性又能与其杂交的寡核苷酸。若使用与该区域具有互补性的寡核苷酸,则选择地酪蛋白激酶2杂交。优选S-寡核苷酸,S-寡核苷酸在核苷酸中至少有一个结合基包含含硫基团或硫代磷酸酯部分。本发明还进一步包含由至少一种有效量的本发明酪蛋白激酶2的反义寡核苷酸与药学上允许的载体组合而成的药物组合物。通过施用酪蛋白激酶2的反义寡核苷酸可以抑制酪蛋白激酶2的表达,因此,就可以治疗肾脏疾病。特别适用于以酪蛋白激酶2的表达亢进为特征的肾脏疾病,例如肾炎。以下与实施例一并详细进行说明。
所说RNAi(RNA干涉)法就是通过施用至细胞或个体的双链RNA来抑制具有与该双链RNA相同序列的基因表达(蛋白质合成)的方法。RNAi法由于通过破坏靶基因或mRNA来选择性地抑制靶基因的表达,所以现在正在关注其作为一种有效的分析该基因功能的方法,还把患病原因基因或与患病有关的基因本身作为靶子而作为近似于病因疗法。在RNAi中使用的21-23核酸碱基单位的双链RNA又被叫做siRNA。siRNA可简单设计。例如,为了避开转录因子的结合部位,在翻译区自起始密码子50个碱基以上选出下游最初的AA、CA、GA、TA,接着选择包含19-21个碱基的21-23个碱基。另外,筛选得到的碱基序列GC含量为30-70%,优选50%,不希望含有GGG或CCC类型。然后,将筛选的碱基序列通过BLAST检索确认对目的基因的特异性。siRNA还是一个由4个碱基单位组成的长链,所以日常中就可以很方便地合成任何靶基因的碱基序列。根据最新研究的进展,目前,可以考虑利用siRNA作为新的治疗方法。具体地说,可以使用例如,5′-cuaccgacaagcucuagactt-3′和5′-gucuagagcuugucgguagtt-3′作为人酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位的siRNA。或者可以使用例如5′-cuaccgacaagcucuagacat-3′和5′-gucuagagcuugucgguagtg-3′。大鼠可以使用例如5′-aucuuacuggacucaaugatt-3′和5′-gauggcuguucgagaucugtt-3′。或者优选使用本领域技术人员为了抑制酪蛋白激酶2的表达而优选的从siRNA知识中能够制备得到的任意相同的寡核苷酸或类似物。当把这类siRNA施用至细胞或个体时,可以选择地仅仅抑制特异碱基序列酪蛋白激酶2的表达,进而,可以治疗肾脏疾病。特别适合于以酪蛋白激酶2表达亢进为特点的肾脏疾病,例如肾炎。
所述的抑制酪蛋白激酶2的核酸,可以调剂成为药剂学的组合物,该组合物除了所述核酸外,可以包含载体、增稠剂、赋形剂、缓冲液、保存剂、表面活性剂、脂质体、或脂质制剂等,还可包含抗生素以及麻醉剂等之类的一个或多个活性成分。除了所述医药载体外,处方上也可以包含能够使寡核苷酸容易摄取的阳离子性液体或形成脂质体形式的亲脂性阳离子性化合物。易摄取的组合物之一的就是脂质体(リポフエクチン(Lipofectin),BRL,Bethesda MD)。使用脂质体把寡核苷酸导入细胞内,例如在美国专利第4,897,355号和第4,394,448号上公开。还进一步地涉及制造由生物学物质形成的脂质体的一般方法,请参照美国专利第4,235,871号、第4,231,877号、第4,224,179号、第4,753,788号、第4,673,567号、第4,247,411号和第4,814,270号。或者,寡核苷酸可以与胆固醇、胆酸以及以脱氧胆酸为主的很多固醇中的任何一个亲脂性载体组合。优选的固醇是胆固醇。寡核苷酸还可以与细胞摄取的肽相结合。例如,有效肽,例如,可为肽激素、抗原或抗体以及肽毒素。通过选择由肾脏细胞选则性摄入的肽可以有效地把特定的寡核苷酸进行输送。寡核苷酸可以通过形成活化的氨基烷基衍生物而形成由5′OH基介导的共价键。然后所选择的肽可以与氨基和巯基反应性杂二价官能团试剂活化的寡核苷酸形成共价键。后者与肽的半胱氨酸残基结合。如果将细胞暴露于与肽结合的寡核苷酸中,则肽基反义试剂被内吞入细胞,通过寡核苷酸与靶mRNA的结合而抑制翻译。请参照PCT/US89/02363号PCT申请公报。投药量依赖于所处置的状态轻重程度以及反应程度,处置过程中在治疗目的完成之前或者疾病状态减轻之前需要持续数日至数个月不等。适当投药计划可以根据体内药剂积累的测定进行计算。本领域普通技术人员能够确定出适当的投药量、投药方法和反复频率。适当投药量虽然依每次寡核苷酸相对有效性而变化,但一般来说,可以基于动物实验的EC50进行计算。例如,如果给出化合物的分子量(从寡核苷酸的序列以及化学构造导出)和IC50的有效量(从实验中求出),则可以按照通常的方法得出以mg/kg表示的投药量。很多出版物都涉及了关于哺乳动物基因给药问题。通过脂质体注入基因以及直接向组织注入基因的例子有,ブリガムラ等人(1989)Am.J.Med.Sci.,298:278-281,ナ一ベル等人(1990)Science,249:1285-1288,ハジンスキ等人(1991)Am.J.Resp.Cell Molec.Biol.,4:206-209;ワン和ホアン(1987),Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.,USA.,84:7815-7855。人基因治疗方法概说记事之例有,アンダ一ソン,Science(1992)256:808-813。
寡核苷酸的给药量如上所述进行适当设定,但一般来说,以寡核苷酸的重量换算每天大多为0.005mg/kg-5mg/kg是适宜的。另外,给药途径优选不经口服给药,例如可以静脉内给药、肌肉内给药、皮下给药等。
在酪蛋白激酶2的抑制物质中,所述抑制酶活性的物质还可以使用至少部分中和酪蛋白激酶2活性的抗酪蛋白激酶2抗体或其抗原结合性片段。所述抗酪蛋白激酶2抗体是将酪蛋白激酶2各亚单位的蛋白质或酪蛋白激酶2蛋白质的部分肽作为抗原的单克隆抗体及/或多克隆抗体或者是抗体的抗原结合性片段,只要至少能够部分中和酪蛋白激酶2的活性即可,没有特殊的限制,可以按照常规方法把酪蛋白激酶2或其亚单位作为抗原进行制备。具有中和活性的多克隆抗体可将酪蛋白激酶2作为免疫抗原从抗血清中通过常规方法获得。另外,具有中和活性的单克隆抗体也可以利用酪蛋白激酶2或其亚单位作为抗原根据常规方法来制备单克隆抗体,通过筛选具有酪蛋白激酶2中和活性的抗体而获得。抗酪蛋白激酶2抗体可以结合被细胞摄取的肽。如上所述,有效肽例如可包括肽激素、抗原或抗体以及肽毒素。通过选择由肾脏细胞选择性摄取的肽可以达到有效地输送特定的抗酪蛋白激酶2抗体的效果。如果将所述抗酪蛋白激酶2抗体再施用至细胞或个体,则可以抗体、抗原特异性地仅对酪蛋白激酶2的活性加以选择性地抑制,进而可以治疗肾脏疾病。尤其适用于以酪蛋白激酶2的活性亢进为特征的肾脏疾病,例如肾炎。
在抑制酪蛋白激酶2的物质中,作为优选抑制该酶活性的物质,可以进一步用下式1表示的化合物举例说明。
式1
(式1中,R1、R2各自独立地表示氢原子、羟基、或可以具有1种或2种以上选自式2所示取代基的苯基,并且R1、R2至少一个是具有该取代基的苯基,R3、R4各自独立地表示氢原子或由式2所示的取代基,R5表示氢原子、糖残基、C1-4烷基或酰基。)
-OR5
式2
(式中R5表示的意义与式2的R5相同。)
式1优选糖残基举例为,葡萄糖、半乳糖、核糖,作为C1-4烷基优选的有甲基、乙基,作为酰基优选的有乙酰基之类的C1-4酰基以及苯甲酰基。
在抑制酪蛋白激酶2的物质中,作为优选抑制该酶活性的物质可以进一步用以下表示的化合物举例说明。
式3
(式3中,R6、R7各自独立地表示氢原子、卤原子或C1-4烷基。),
4,5,6,7-四溴苯并咪唑TBB(Sarno S,FEBS Letters 2001 469:44-48)、5,6二溴-1-(β-D-呋喃核糖基)苯并咪唑DRB(Meggio F,Eur.J.Biochem 1990187:89-94),
具有以
所示结构的化合物,
式4
(式4中,R8表示可以被1-3个卤素、甲基、三氟甲基或羟基所取代的苯基、或喹啉基、乙基甲基スルヒド基、叔丁基苯硫基、N-乙基苯基氨基,R9表示羟基或氨基),
式5
(式5中,n表示1-3,X表示-NH-或CONH-、Y表示羟基、哌啶、吡咯烷、哌嗪、吡唑、或三唑。),
式6
(式6中,R10表示可以被卤素原子、甲基、乙基、或叔丁基取代的2-噻吩基或苯基,R11表示-SO2-NH2、-SO2-NHMe或-SO2NH[(CH2)2N(CH3)2]。)。
上述通式所含化合物的优选例包括可以下式7表示的芹菜素。芹菜素在10μM浓度下约抑制25%由上述酶活性测定法所测定的酪蛋白激酶2的功能活性,在100μM浓度下约抑制75%,优选降低活性的化合物。
式7
另外,在上述通式所包含的化合物中,特别优选的化合物可具体举例如下。
R |
-CONHCH2CH2CH2OH |
-NHCH2CH2CH2-(1-哌啶) |
-NHCH2CH2CH2-(1-吡唑) |
-NHCH2CH2CH2-(1,2,4-三唑) |
R1 | R2 |
2-噻吩基 | 4-SO2-NH2 |
(3-Cl)-2-噻吩基 | 4-SO2-NH2 |
3-噻吩基 | 4-SO2-NH2 |
(5-Et)-2-噻吩基 | 4-SO2-NH2 |
5-[C(CH3)3]-2-噻吩基 | 4-SO2-NH2 |
(5-Et)-2-噻吩基 | 4-SO2-NHMe |
(5-Et)-2-噻吩基 | 4-SO2-NH[CH2)2N(CH3)2] |
这些化合物本身、其制造方法、以及它们都具有对酪蛋白激酶2酶活性的抑制效果是公知的,例如,已经披露在美国专利第6,358,978号、PCT公开号WO01/42231,PCT公开号WO02/24681,PCT公开号WO02/057240等。因此,这些化合物很容易按照公知方法制造。
另外,抑制酪蛋白激酶2酶活性的物质并不限定为上述的化合物,已知抑制酪蛋白激酶2酶活性的其它化合物也可以使用。
上述各种抑制酪蛋白激酶2的物质可以是药剂学上允许的盐的形态。它们可为众所周知的任何碱性盐或酸加成盐。碱性盐的例子有:氢氧化铵、碱及碱土类金属氢氧化物、由碳酸盐和碳酸氢盐衍生的物质、以及由脂肪和芳香胺、脂肪二胺和羟基烷基胺衍生的盐。特别用于这些盐的制备碱基包括,氢氧化铵、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化锂、氢氧化钙、甲基胺、二乙基胺、乙二胺、环己胺和乙醇胺。特别优选钾、钠和锂的盐形式。酸加成盐包括与适宜酸的药剂学上可允许的非毒性加成盐,例如优选与无机酸包括盐酸、氢溴酸、硝酸、硫酸或磷酸,或者与有机酸包括有机羧酸,如乙醇酸、马来酸、富马酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、水杨酸或o-乙酸基苯甲酸,或有机磺酸如甲基磺酸、2-羟基乙磺酸、p-甲苯磺酸或萘-2-磺酸形成的盐。
所述抑制酪蛋白激酶2酶活性的化合物除了可以各自单独使用外,还可以2种以上化合物混合使用。
在本发明中,当将以酪蛋白激酶2酶活性的抑制化合物作为有效成分的肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物施用至动物或人时,可以应用口服、静脉内、肌肉内、皮下、肾脏组织内等任何给药形式。给药时,根据各自的给药方法制备适当的剂型。作为本发明治疗或预防肾脏疾病药物的剂型有,注射剂、舌下剂、经皮膏剂、片剂、胶囊、粉末、颗粒、散剂、丸剂、锭剂、糖浆、乳剂、悬浮剂、栓剂、软膏剂、点眼剂等。根据剂型可以配入制剂上允许的赋形剂,例如乳糖、马铃薯淀粉、碳酸钙、或藻酸钠等。还可以进一步配合一般制剂使用的其他材料,例如血清白蛋白等蛋白质、用于缓冲作用及调整渗透压的盐、载体、赋形剂、基质剂、助溶剂、分散剂、稳定剂、防氧化剂、保存剂、崩解剂、结合剂、调味剂、润滑剂、涂层剂、着色剂等成分。
给药量可以大范围地变动,以给药方法以及作为给药对象的人等的温血动物的种类、个体年龄、体重、症状轻重、医师的诊断等为依据,但一般来说,体重1kg设定每天在0.001-100mg/kg体重范围。但是根据患者的症状轻重程度和医师的诊断可以修改给药范围。给药量每天1次或分数次给药。当为所述基因治疗时,考虑到安全性可以参考NIH的指南进行实施(Recombinant DNAAdvisory Committee,Human Gene Therapy,4,365-389(1993))。不言而喻,本发明肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物可以根据文字说明而使用以达到肾脏疾病的治疗或预防的目的,也可以以肾脏疾病的维持(防止恶化)、减轻(改善症状)等为目的给药。本发明还包括使用酪蛋白激酶2的抑制物质而治疗肾脏疾病的方法。
本发明治疗或预防肾脏疾病的药物,可以与现有技术中用于治疗肾脏疾病的类固醇、免疫抑制剂、降压剂(例如,钙阻断剂、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、ATII受体阻断剂、α受体阻断药)、抗血小板药物(例如双嘧哌胺醇、地拉卓)、抗凝固药等药剂联合使用。可以通过导入HGF等与基因治疗组合起来使用。当使用组合的药物时,各药物分别或同时与药理学上允许的载体、赋形剂、结合剂、稀释剂等混合制成制剂,作为医药组合物可以经口或非经口给药。当把药物分别制成制剂时,各种制剂可以在使用时与稀释剂等混合进行给药,分别制成的每种制剂可以同时或错开时间分别对同一对象给药。
如上所述,本发明人发现,处于肾脏疾病状态的肾细胞中酪蛋白激酶2的基因表达水平要比正常肾细胞中的表达水平明显升高。因此,本发明还提供了一种肾脏疾病诊断的方法,该方法包括测定从机体分离的样品中酪蛋白激酶2的活性或含量或酪蛋白激酶2基因表达水平的步骤。其中所述“从机体分离的样品”优选肾脏细胞。
以酪蛋白激酶2表达作为指标的肾脏疾病诊断方法,可以把酪蛋白激酶2的α亚单位、α′亚单位和β亚单位的表达、特别是基因表达、蛋白质表达以及酶活性表达作为对象进行实施。例如,当以基因或蛋白质表达为实施对象时,首先从作为诊断对象的肾脏及作为对照的非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏中分别提取RNA或蛋白质。提取的RNA或蛋白质的一定量作为检测物分别检测酪蛋白激酶2的表达。通过比较作为诊断对象的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2表达和作为对照(正常人)的非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2表达,可以诊断出诊断对象肾脏中的肾脏疾病状态。当诊断对象肾脏中酪蛋白激酶2表达高于作为对照的非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏中酪蛋白激酶2表达时,则诊断对象的肾脏就处于肾脏疾病状态,尤其被诊断为与酪蛋白激酶2相关的肾脏疾病状态。利用该检测系统可以通过测定肾脏组织或细胞中的酪蛋白激酶2表达来准确地测定肾脏疾病的程度。
酪蛋白激酶2表达可以利用RT-PCR法(Polymerase chain reaction method)(「PCR Protocols」Innis MA,Gelfad DH,Sninsky JJ and White TJ eds.,Academic Press,Sandiego(1990))、Nothern印迹法(Molecular Cloning,ColdSpring Harbor Lad.(1989))、阵列法、DNA芯片法、原位杂交法、原位RT-PCR(Nucl.Acids Res.,21,3159-3166(1993))等方法来测定。这些方法本身均为公知的方法,如上所述,酪蛋白激酶2的cDNA序列也是公知的,所以,对于所属技术领域的技术人员来说,既可以很容易地测定细胞中酪蛋白激酶2的基因表达,并且在下述实施例中也作为示例进行了详细描述。优选使用RT-PCR法进行测定。即,提取一定量的各种RNA利用逆转录反应分别合成cDNA。以合成得到的一定量的cDNA为模板,用酪蛋白激酶2引物通过PCR法各自进行扩增。扩增得到的一定量各种PCR产物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳之后,进行溴化乙锭染色,分别检测出酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达。另外,关于酪蛋白激酶2基因进行PCR时,把恒定表达的基因(例如G3PDH或β-肌动蛋白等的管家基因)作为内部标准同样进行PCR法,该一定量的PCR产物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳之后,实施溴化乙锭染色,检测其基因表达,可以对酪蛋白激酶2基因表达检测结果进行修正。所述的方法都是常规方法。在上面所得到的各种PCR产物,按照常规方法例如,双脱氧测序法(Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.,USA.,74,5463(1977))或Maxam-Gilbert DNA测序法(Methods in Enzymology,65,499(1980))等,也可以利用市售的测序试剂盒等确认碱基序列信息。在酪蛋白激酶2基因PCR中所使用的引物只要是能够特异地仅仅扩增酪蛋白激酶2的各种亚单位基因均可,并无特别的限制,可以根据这些基因的全长cDNA的公知(如上所述)碱基序列信息进行适当的设计。即,作为正义引物,可以使用具有与酪蛋白激酶2的cDNA正链相同的碱基序列的寡核苷酸,而作为反义引物可以使用具有与酪蛋白激酶2的cDNA负链相同的碱基序列的寡核苷酸。在正义引物和反义引物之间的区域通过PCR扩增。另外,作为引物使用的寡核苷酸可以利用市售的化学合成仪按照常规方法合成。引物的大小没有特殊的限定,通常为15-30个碱基序列。例如大鼠的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位引物可以使用正义引物:5′-ccgcggacataaagatgagt-3′(序列编号11)、反义引物:5′-aaaccagtgccgaagtatgc-3′(序列编号12)。大鼠的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位引物可以使用正义引物:5′-agaaagcttcggctaataga-3′(序列编号13)、反义引物:5′-actgaagaaatccctgacat-3′(序列编号14)。这样一来,酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达可以既特异又方便地检测出来。或者也可以采用猝灭剂荧光色素和报道基因(レポ一タ一)荧光色素利用所谓的实时检测PCR对PCR进行定量。实时检测PCR也是公知的,用于该检测的试剂盒可以商购,所以实施起来很容易。
另外,本发明寡核苷酸也可以用作探针,适用于酪蛋白激酶2基因表达的检测和诊断。例如,在上面所述的Nothern印迹法、阵列法、DNA芯片法、以及原位杂交法等方法中都可以作为探针使用。这些方法本身是公知的,本领域普通技术人员可以很容易地实施。也可对上述寡核苷酸进行荧光标记、放射标记、生物素标记等,用作标记探针。将被检核酸或其扩增产物固相化,与标记探针杂交,洗涤后,通过测定结合到固相的标记,可以研究检测体中被检核酸是否存在。或者,将测定用核酸固相化,使被检核酸杂交,同样通过标记探针等也可以检测出结合到固相上的被检核酸。在这种情况下,也把结合到固相上的测定用核酸称之为探针。另外,利用核酸探针测定被检核酸的方法在本领域是已知的,在缓冲液中,通过把核酸探针与被检核酸在Tm或其附近(优选±4℃以内)相接触而进行杂交,洗涤后,通过测定与杂交的标记探针或固相探针结合的模板核酸而实施。该方法包括上述的Nothern印迹法或原位杂交、更包括Southern印迹法等公知的方法。
例如,利用聚核苷酸激酶通过5′末端的32P标记来制备放射性标记寡核苷酸(Sambrook et al.,Molecular Clonging.A Laboratory Manual,Cold SpringHarbor Laboratory Press,1989,第2卷,p10.59)。接着,把放射性标记寡核苷酸与组织或细胞样本接触,洗涤样本,除去未结合的寡核苷酸。样本中残留的放射活性显示着被结合的寡核苷酸(其表示酪蛋白激酶2的表达),通过闪烁计数器或其它常规方法可以进行定量测定。利用放射性标记低聚物可以实施组织的放射自显影技术,确定酪蛋白激酶2基因表达的位置、分布或含量。另外,用放射性标记寡核苷酸处理组织切片,如上所述进行洗涤,然后,按照常规的放射自显影技术暴露于照片乳化剂中。利用显影乳化剂在表达酪蛋白激酶2基因的范围内显出银粒子图象。通过对银粒子的定量可以检测出酪蛋白激酶2的表达。酪蛋白激酶2基因表达的荧光检测的类似测定法可用于研究本发明中与荧光素或其他荧光性标记共轭的寡核苷酸以替代放射性标记。这些方式在本领域中是已知的。本领域技术人员按照发明的技术内容很容易把这些已知的方式适用于酪蛋白激酶2基因表达的检测之中,并提供一种检测酪蛋白激酶2基因表达的新颖且适用的手段。
当将酪蛋白激酶2蛋白质表达作为指标时,可使用例如上述的酪蛋白激酶2的各个亚单位蛋白质或酪蛋白激酶2蛋白质的部分肽作为抗原的单克隆抗体和/或多克隆抗体或其抗体的抗原结合性片段,利用酶联免疫吸附测定法(エライザ、ELISA)、放射免疫测定法(ラジオイムノアツセイ、RIA)以及酶联免疫法(エンザイムイムノアツセイ、EIA)、Western印迹法、斑点印迹法、蛋白质芯片技术、免疫染色法等方法,对酪蛋白激酶2的蛋白质或酪蛋白激酶2蛋白质的部分肽进行检测。检测酪蛋白激酶2的蛋白质所使用的抗体或部分抗体只要是能够特异地仅检测出酪蛋白激酶2的各个亚单位蛋白质或酪蛋白激酶2的部分蛋白质即可,并没有特别的限制。多克隆抗体是通过将酪蛋白激酶2蛋白质等该类抗原经静脉、皮下、肌肉等非口服途径施用至兔子、大鼠、小鼠、山羊等体内而获得。单克隆抗体通过例如下述方法获得:将酪蛋白激酶2蛋白质等该类抗原经非口服途径施用至小鼠,摘除小鼠的胰腺细胞,与小鼠骨髓瘤(骨肿瘤)细胞进行细胞融合后,对所得培养上清液进行纯化。另外,酪蛋白激酶2本身也可以方便地根据一般方法制备。例如,可从大鼠、牛等哺乳动物的肾脏、肝脏、胰腺、肺、骨髓、脑、胎盘等脏器以及血液细胞等提取,纯化而制得。培养产生酪蛋白激酶2的原代培养细胞或细胞系,通过细胞分离纯化也能够得到酪蛋白激酶2。或者可以根据公知的基因工程技术把编码酪蛋白激酶2的基因重组到大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、酵母、丝状菌、植物或动物细胞等适宜的宿主细胞中,从该转化株培养物中得到目的重组酪蛋白激酶2,该方法很容易实施。另外,上述各种免疫测定法或其他方法本身都是已知的,例如,在酶联免疫吸附测定法中,聚乙烯材料的微平板结合抗酪蛋白激酶2抗体,将待检测物注入到微平板上,反应一定时间后洗涤,加入以过氧化物酶等酶标记的抗酪蛋白激酶2抗体,然后再洗涤,加入过氧化氢等基质和OPD(邻苯二胺)等显色剂使之显色。通过免疫染色法检测组织中的酪蛋白激酶2的方法可通过将取出的组织切片用FITC(异硫氰酸荧光素)等的荧光物质标记的抗酪蛋白激酶2抗体或者用过氧化物酶等酶标记的抗酪蛋白激酶2抗体染色。本发明利用这些检测体系通过检测酪蛋白激酶2可以很容易地测定肾脏疾病的患病程度。
进一步地,当把酪蛋白激酶2酶活性的表达作为指标时,利用蛋白磷酸化分析法、细胞内局部变化分析法等,或者利用酶活性分析法,使酶基质与酪蛋白激酶2的蛋白质或酪蛋白激酶2蛋白质的部分肽接触,检测出酪蛋白激酶2的蛋白质或酪蛋白激酶2蛋白质的部分肽的酶活性。其中所述酶基质只要是能作为酪蛋白激酶2的蛋白质或肽等的酶基质的任何物质均可,通常使用酪蛋白的蛋白质或酪蛋白激酶2蛋白质的部分肽。另外,如上所述,酪蛋白激酶2可以根据各种方法制备得到。例如,可以从哺乳动物的脏器等中提取纯化得到,或者培养细胞分离纯化得到,或者根据公知的基因工程技术把编码酪蛋白激酶2的基因重组到合适的宿主细胞中,从该转化株培养物中得到重组的酪蛋白激酶2。所得到的酪蛋白激酶2其氨基酸序列中的一部分缺失、或取代、或被其他氨基酸序列插入一部分,只要有酶活性都可以用来确定抑制酪蛋白激酶2酶活性物质的抑制活性。所述酶活性分析法例如,对于检测物(10ng-0.1mg蛋白量),把酶基质肽Arg-Arg-Arg-Glu-Glu-Glu-Thr-Glu-Glu-Glu或Arg-Arg-Glu-Glu-Glu-Thr-Glu-Glu-Glu(0.2mM)在缓冲液(20mM MOPS,pH7.2,25mM β-丙三醇磷酸酯,5mM EGTA,1mM正钒酸钠,1mM二硫苏糖醇,15mMMgCl2,0.1mM[γ-32P]GTP或[γ32P]ATP,0.002mCi)中于37℃保温10分钟。保温后,加入40%的三氯乙酸停止反应,然后将反应液的一部分分别吸取到磷酸纤维素纸上(1-1.5cm见方Whatman P18等)。酶基底物肽的磷酸化可用0.75%磷酸每5分钟洗涤3次磷酸纤维素纸,再用乙酮洗涤5分钟后,用闪烁仪测定磷酸纤维素纸上的32P放射活性(Econofluor-2,NEN等)来进行(MethodsEnzymol.第99卷,第3-6页(1983年)公开的R.Roskoski论文等)。此时,如果32P放射活性高,则显示检测物中具有很高的酪蛋白激酶2蛋白质或酪蛋白激酶2蛋白质部分肽的酶活性表达。与此类似的还有酶活性分析法可以利用商购的酶活性测定试剂盒(酪蛋白激酶2激酶测定,Upstate),很容易地实施。
上面所述的引物或抗体等的制备技术和纯化技术在本领域已众所周知,本发明以酪蛋白激酶2表达为特征的肾脏疾病的诊断方法如上所述,包括检测酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达、蛋白质的表达、酶活性的表达。为了检测酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达,可以使用酪蛋白激酶2基因、其相应的引物和/或探针。为了检测出酪蛋白激酶2,可以使用酪蛋白激酶2或其部分肽所对应的抗体或抗体的一部分、或特异地识别酪蛋白激酶2的核酸(适配子,aptamer)。还包括把酪蛋白激酶2酶底物用于诊断肾脏疾病中。这些技术都可适当地进行选择,通过利用检测酪蛋白激酶2表达的试剂盒可以很方便地进行肾脏疾病的诊断。故本发明诊断肾脏疾病的方法是将上述酪蛋白激酶2表达作为指标,提供诊断肾脏疾病的试剂盒、试剂。
本发明诊断肾脏疾病的方法不仅仅广泛用于上述的各种人体肾脏疾病的诊断,而且可以用于各种肾脏疾病动物模型。尤其是在很多肾小球肾炎的病历中找到了与免疫机制有关的理论,基于该理论开始研究并建立各种人的慢性肾炎模型的动物实验模型。例如,优选使用根据抗肾小球基底膜抗体而诱导的肾脏疾病动物模型。即根据本发明的方法,很容易地确认肾脏疾病动物模型是否真正患有肾脏疾病。抗肾小球基底膜抗体诱导的肾脏疾病动物模型是通过给大鼠或小鼠施用从兔子中得到的抗肾小球基底膜抗血清而建立的。抗肾小球基底膜抗血清可以按照下述方法获得:从大鼠或小鼠的肾皮质中制备得到肾小球基底膜,将其与弗氏完全佐剂注射到兔子中,分离血清(「用于新药开发的药效筛选法-最新动向和实际-Vol.1」,小泽光监修,清至书院,1984,P.143)。最普通的原发性肾小球肾炎的病态模型被广泛地应用。从形态上和临床病症上的分类来看,在原发性肾小球肾炎中,为与半月体形成性肾小球肾炎以及急性进行性肾小球肾炎最相似的病态模型。所述病态可以通过测定肾脏机能标记的尿蛋白排泄量或血液中的肌酐浓度、内源性肌酐·清除率来掌握病情。肌酐不能完全被肾脏吸收,因肾脏疾病而导致肾小球滤过机能低下时,血中的肌酐浓度增加,血中的肌酐浓度增加和肌酐·清除率则成为肾脏机能的标志。在肾炎诱发后的第2周,血中的肌酐浓度上升到正常值的约2倍,呈现出伴随着一般肾小球滤过能力低下的肾炎肾脏功能不全的症状。这种抗肾小球基底膜抗体诱发导致的肾脏疾病动物模型在世界上被广泛用作人的慢性肾炎模型,还可以采用铃木良雄等的方法(日本肾脏学会杂志23卷323-331页1981年)以及(日本药理学会杂志77卷407-417页1981年)。另外,也可以确认本发明药剂的实用性。其他可用的肾脏疾病动物模型有:1)利用Thy-1单克隆抗体或抗胸腺抗体的方法;2)利用遗传性肾炎大鼠和小鼠的方法;3)利用小鼠、大鼠自然发病糖尿病模型的方法;4)利用给予小鼠或大鼠链脲菌素或四氧嘧啶而引发糖尿病动物模型的方法;5)利用5/6肾脏摘除模型的方法等。
下面,基于实施例进一步详细地说明本发明。
实施例1
分析肾脏组织即构成肾脏的细胞中酪蛋白激酶2的表达和肾脏疾病状态之间的关系。即以大鼠为对象,以广泛应用的作为肾脏机能标志的尿蛋白排泄量作为指标来诊断肾脏疾病的状态,同时,在肾脏组织中利用RT-PCR法检测酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因的表达,并分析肾脏疾病的状态和酪蛋白激酶2表达的关系。
首先,将兔子的抗肾小球基底膜抗血清(0.3ml/kg)由静脉内注射给大鼠(Wistar-Kyoto系,雄性,体重190-210g,日本チヤ一ルス·リバ一株式会社),诱发肾炎。在正常组的大鼠里,将正常兔子血清(0.3ml/kg)注射到静脉内。肾炎诱发后第7-14天,将所有大鼠置入代谢笼内采取24小时的尿,测定尿量后,3000rpm离心15分钟,用TPテストワコ一(和光纯药)测定上清液的尿蛋白。采尿结束后,摘除肾脏,按照常规方法提取肾脏的RNA,利用1μg的RNA用商购的逆转录反应用试剂盒(Invitrogen)合成cDNA。取1μl合成的cDNA为模板用酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位的引物通过商购PCR用试剂盒(TAKARA)进行PCR反应并扩增。引物是以大鼠的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因全长cDNA碱基序列为基础建立的正义引物:5′-agaaagcttcggctaataga-3′、反义引物:5′-actgaagaaatccctgacat-3′。另外,PCR温度周期是以94℃ 30秒,58℃ 30秒,72℃ 40秒为一个循环周期进行30个周期循环,最后在4℃下结束PCR反应。取10μl扩增得到的PCR产物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳,然后进行溴化乙锭染色,分别测定酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因的表达。通过对检测出的酪蛋白激酶2进行图像摄影而将酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达进行图像文件化,利用Macintosh的软件NIH Image进行数字化处理。另外,在进行与酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因相关的PCR反应时,将恒定表达的基因(管家基因)G3PDH作为内部标准进行检测,对酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因表达的检测效果进行修正。
如图1所示,从结果得知,处于肾脏疾病状态的肾脏组织即肾脏细胞与正常肾脏相比,酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因表达量明显地增多。肾脏组织即肾脏细胞中的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因表达量越多肾脏疾病状态越恶化,表达量越接近适当数值时,肾脏疾病状态越趋于正常。
实施例2
将酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因表达作为指标诊断肾脏疾病。即以大鼠为对象,在肾脏组织即构成肾脏的细胞中,利用RT-PCR法检测酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因的表达,以此为指标来诊断肾脏疾病。
首先,将兔子的抗肾小球基底膜抗血清(0.3ml/kg)由静脉内注射给大鼠(Wistar-Kyoto系,雄性,体重190-210g,日本チヤ一ルス·リバ一株式会社),诱发肾炎。在正常组的大鼠里,把正常兔子血清(0.3ml/kg)注射到静脉内。肾炎诱发后,将大鼠置入代谢笼内采取24小时的尿,采尿结束后,摘除肾脏,按照常规方法分别从作为诊断对象的肾脏以及作为对照组的非肾脏疾病状态中肾脏中抽提RNA,每种RNA取1μg用商购的逆转录反应用试剂盒(Invitrogen)分别合成cDNA。合成的各种cDNA分别取1μl为模板用酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位的引物采用商购PCR用试剂盒(TAKARA)进行PCR反应并分别进行扩增。引物是以大鼠的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因全长cDNA碱基序列为基础建立的正义引物:5′-agaaagcttcggctaataga-3′、反义引物:5′-actgaagaaatccctgacat-3′。另外,PCR温度周期是以94℃ 30秒,58℃ 30秒,72℃ 40秒为一个循环周期进行30个周期,最后在4℃下结束PCR反应。取10μl扩增得到的PCR产物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳,然后进行溴化乙锭染色。分别测定酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达。通过对检测出的酪蛋白激酶2进行图像摄影而将酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达进行图像文件化,利用Macintosh的软件NIHImage进行数字化处理。另外,在进行与酪蛋白激酶2基因相关的PCR反应时,将恒定表达的基因(管家基因)G3PDH作为内部标准进行检测,对酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因表达的检测效果进行修正。
当对作为诊断对象的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因的表达和作为对照的非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因表达进行比较时,作为诊断对象的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2亚单位基因表达比作为阴性对照的非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因表达要高(表1)。因此,作为诊断对象的肾脏处于肾脏疾病状态,特别被诊断为与酪蛋白激酶2有关的肾脏疾病状态。其中,为了证实这些诊断结果,对处于肾脏疾病状态的大鼠个体中的尿蛋白排泄量进行了测定,该指标是广泛应用的作为肾脏机能标志的指标。作为对照的非肾脏疾病状态的个体也同样进行了测定。其结果,处于肾脏疾病状态的个体的尿蛋白比非肾脏疾病状态的个体明显升高(表2)。因此,根据本诊断方法,处于肾脏疾病状态的个体明确地被证实患有肾脏疾病,本发明的诊断方法可以准确地判断肾脏疾病的病态。
表1 以酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因表达作为指标诊断肾脏疾病时,以数字显示酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因表达的检测结果。
肾脏 | 表达比(酪蛋白激酶2/G3PDH) |
诊断对象的肾脏非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏 | 3.41.1 |
表2 以酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因表达作为指标诊断肾脏疾病时,处于肾脏疾病状态的个体的尿蛋白检测结果。
个体 | 尿蛋白(mg/天) |
处于肾脏疾病状态的个体非肾脏疾病状态的个体 | 142.928.7 |
实施例3
将酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因表达作为指标诊断肾脏疾病。即以大鼠为对象(Wistar-Kyoto系,雄性,体重190-210g,日本チヤ一ルス·リバ一株式会社),利用RT-PCR法检测肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因的表达,以此为指标诊断肾脏疾病。
首先,将兔子的抗肾小球基底膜抗血清(0.3ml/kg)由静脉内注射给大鼠,诱发肾炎。在正常组的大鼠里,把正常兔子血清(0.3ml/kg)注射到静脉内。肾炎诱发后,将大鼠置入代谢笼内采取24小时的尿,采尿结束后,摘除肾脏,按照常规方法分别从作为诊断对象的肾脏和作为对照组的非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏中抽提RNA,每种RNA取1μg用商购的逆转录反应用试剂盒(Invitrogen)分别合成cDNA。合成的各种cDNA分别取1μl为模板,用酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位的引物根据商购PCR用试剂盒(TAKARA)进行PCR反应并分别进行扩增。引物是以大鼠的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因全长cDNA碱基序列为基础建立的正义引物:5′-ccgcggacataaagatgagt-3′、反义引物:5′-aaaccagtgccgaagtatgc-3′。另外,PCR温度周期是以94℃ 30秒,58℃ 30秒,72℃ 40秒为一个循环周期进行30个周期,最后在4℃下结束PCR反应。取10μl扩增得到的PCR产物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳,然后,进行溴化乙锭染色。分别测定酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达通过对检测出的酪蛋白激酶2进行图像摄影而将酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达进行图像文件化,利用Macintosh的软件NIH Image进行数字化处理。另外,在进行与酪蛋白激酶2基因相关的PCR反应时,将恒定表达的基因(管家基因)G3PDH作为内部标准进行检测,对酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因表达的检测效果进行修正。
当对作为诊断对象的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因的表达和作为对照的非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因表达进行比较时,作为诊断对象的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因表达比作为阴性对照的非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因的表达要高(表3)。因此,诊断对象的肾脏处于肾脏疾病状态,特别被诊断为与酪蛋白激酶2有关的肾脏疾病状态。其中,为了证实这些诊断结果,对处于肾脏疾病状态的大鼠个体中的尿中蛋白排泄量进行了测定,该指标是广泛应用得作为肾机能标志的指标。作为对照的非肾脏疾病状态的个体也同样进行了测定。其结果,处于肾脏疾病状态的个体的尿蛋白比非肾脏疾病状态的个体明显升高高(表4)。因此,根据本诊断方法,处于肾脏疾病状态的个体明确地被证实患有肾脏疾病,本发明的诊断方法可以准确地判断肾脏疾病的病态。
表3 以酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因表达作为指标诊断肾脏疾病时,以数字显示酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因表达的检测结果。
肾脏 | 表达比(酪蛋白激酶2/G3PDH) |
诊断对象的肾脏非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏 | 4.51.4 |
表4 以酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因表达作为指标诊断肾脏疾病时,处于肾脏疾病状态的个体的尿蛋白的检测结果。
个体 | 尿蛋白(mg/天) |
处于肾脏疾病状态的个体非肾脏疾病状态的个体 | 146.237.4 |
实施例4
以酪蛋白激酶2表达为指标诊断肾脏疾病。即以自然发病的糖尿病性肾病的糖尿病大鼠(Zucker系)为对象,用RT-PCR法检测肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因的表达,以此为指标诊断糖尿病性肾病。从糖尿病性肾病自然发病的糖尿病大鼠(Zucker fa/fa系,6个月龄,日本チヤ一ルス·リバ一株式会社)和作为对照的非糖尿病性肾病自然发病的大鼠(Zucker Lean系,6个月龄,日本チヤ一ルス·リバ一株式会社)采血,采血结束后摘除肾脏。按照常规方法分别从作为诊断对象的肾脏和作为对照组的非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏中抽提RNA,每种RNA取1μg用商购的逆转录反应用试剂盒(Invitrogen)分别合成cDNA。合成的各种cDNA分别取1μl为模板,用酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位的引物采用商购PCR用试剂盒(TAKARA)进行PCR反应并分别进行扩增。引物是以大鼠的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因全长cDNA碱基序列为基础建立的正义引物:5′-ccgcggacataaagatgagt-3′、反义引物:5′-aaaccagtgccgaagtatgc-3′。另外,PCR温度周期是以94℃ 30秒,58℃ 30秒,72℃ 40秒为一个循环周期再进行30个周期,最后在4℃下结束PCR反应。取10μl扩增得到的PCR产物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳,然后进行溴化乙锭染色,分别测定酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达。通过对检测出的酪蛋白激酶2进行图像摄影而将酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达进行图像文件化,利用Macintosh的软件NIH Image进行数字化处理。另外,在进行与酪蛋白激酶2基因相关的PCR反应时,将恒定表达的基因(管家基因)G3PDH作为内部标准进行检测,对酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因表达的检测效果进行修正。
当对作为诊断对象的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因的表达和作为对照的非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因表达进行比较时,作为诊断对象的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因表达比作为阴性对照的非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因表达要高(表5)。因此,诊断对象的肾脏处于肾脏疾病状态,特别被诊断为与酪蛋白激酶2有关的肾脏疾病状态。其中,为了证实这些诊断结果,对处于肾脏疾病状态的大鼠个体血液中的肌酐和尿素氮浓度进行了测定,这两个指标是广泛应用的座位肾机能标志的指标。作为对照的非肾脏疾病状态的个体也同样进行了测定。其结果,处于肾脏疾病状态的个体血液中肌酐浓度比非肾脏疾病状态的个体明显升高(表6)。而且,处于肾脏疾病状态的个体血液中尿素氮素浓度亦明显地高于非肾脏疾病状态的个体(表6)。因此,根据本诊断方法,处于肾脏疾病状态的个体明确地被证实患有肾脏疾病,本发明的诊断方法可以准确地判断肾脏疾病的病态。
表5 以酪蛋白激酶2基因表达作为指标诊断肾脏疾病时,以数字显示酪蛋白激酶2基因表达的检测结果。
肾脏 | 表达比(酪蛋白激酶2/G3PDH) |
诊断对象的肾脏非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏 | 3.61.0 |
表6 以酪蛋白激酶2基因表达作为指标诊断肾脏疾病时,处于肾脏疾病状态的个体的血中肌酸酐浓度和血中尿素氮素浓度的检测结果。
个体 | 血中肌酸酐浓度(mg/100ml) | 血中尿素氮素浓度(mg/100ml) |
处于肾脏疾病状态的个体非肾脏疾病状态的个体 | 0.890.38 | 69.018.3 |
实施例5
以酪蛋白激酶2含量为指标诊断肾脏疾病。即以大鼠为对象,用Western印迹法检测肾脏中酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位和β亚单位的蛋白量,以此为指标检测肾脏疾病。
首先,将兔子的抗肾小球基底膜抗血清(0.3ml/kg)由静脉内注射给大鼠(Wistar-Kyoto系,雄性,体重190-210g,日本チヤ一ルス·リバ一株式会社),诱发肾炎。在正常组的大鼠里,把正常兔子血清(0.3ml/kg)注射到静脉内。诱发肾炎后把大鼠放入代谢笼内采取24小时的尿,采尿结束后,摘除肾脏,按照常规方法分别从作为诊断对象的肾脏和作为对照组的非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏中提取蛋白质,各样品的蛋白质(1mg/ml,20μl)分别用12.5%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶(PAGEL,ATTO)电泳(PAGERUN,ATTO,40mA,84min)。把电泳得到的各种蛋白质转移到PVDF膜(微孔)(100V,90min)上。封闭膜(ブロツキングエ一ス,大日本制药,4℃,1小时),用含有Tween20的PBS缓冲液洗涤3次(10min)后,用一次抗体进行孵育(室温,1小时),所述一次抗体为针对酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位的抗体(来自山羊,Santa cruz产品,用时稀释100倍)或者为针对酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位的抗体(来自山羊,Santa cruz产品,用时稀释100倍)。孵育后,用含有Tween20的PBS洗涤3次(10min),然后用二次抗体进行孵育(室温,1小时),所述二次抗体为针对山羊IgG的HRP标记抗体(Santa cruz产品,用时稀释1000倍)。保温后,用ECL试剂(Amersham)分别测定酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位或酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位的蛋白量。通过对检测出的酪蛋白激酶2进行图像摄影而将酪蛋白激酶2的蛋白量进行图像文件化,利用Macintosh的软件NIH Image进行数字化处理。
当对作为诊断对象的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位蛋白量和作为对照的非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位蛋白量进行比较时,作为诊断对象的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位蛋白量比作为阴性对照的非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位蛋白量要高(表7)。而且,当对作为诊断对象的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位蛋白量和作为对照的非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位蛋白量进行比较时,作为诊断对象的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位蛋白量明显地高于作为阴性对照的非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏中的酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位蛋白量(表8)。因此,诊断对象的肾脏处于肾脏疾病状态,特别被诊断为与酪蛋白激酶2有关的肾脏疾病状态。其中,为了证实这些诊断结果,对处于肾脏疾病状态的大鼠个体中的尿蛋白排泄量进行了测定,该指标是广泛应用的作为肾机能标志的指标。而且作为对照的非肾脏疾病状态的个体也同样进行了测定。其结果,处于肾脏疾病状态的个体尿蛋白比非肾脏疾病状态的个体明显升高(表9)。因此,根据本诊断方法,处于肾脏疾病状态的个体明确地被证实患有肾脏疾病,本发明的诊断方法可以准确地判断肾脏疾病的病态。并且容易理解,在构成肾脏的细胞中,酪蛋白激酶2的表达水平即含量越多肾脏疾病越恶化,表达水平即含量越接近适当,肾脏疾病的状态也越接近正常。
表7 以酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位含量作为指标诊断肾脏疾病时,以数字显示酪蛋白激酶α亚单位含量的检测结果。
肾脏 | 酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位的蛋白含量比 |
诊断对象的肾脏非肾脏疾病状态的肾脏 | 2.21.0 |
表8 以酪蛋白激酶β亚单位含量作为指标诊断肾脏疾病时,以数字显示酪蛋白激酶β亚单位蛋白含量的检测结果。
肾脏 | 酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位的蛋白含量比 |
诊断对象的肾脏非肾脏疾病状态的个体 | 2.41.0 |
表9 以酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位和β亚单位的含量作为指标诊断处于肾脏疾病的个体时,尿蛋白的检测结果。
个体 | 尿蛋白(mg/天) |
处于肾脏疾病状态的个体非肾脏疾病状态的个体 | 151.738.3 |
实施例6
分析酪蛋白激酶2的蛋白量和酶活性的关系。即把各种蛋白量(0、10或20ng蛋白量)的酪蛋白激酶2(Upstate),在含有酶基底物Arg-Arg-Arg-Glu-Glu-Glu-Thr-Glu-Glu-Glu(10nmol,0.2mM,Upstate)的缓冲液(20mM MOPS,pH7.2,25mM β-丙三醇磷酸酯,5mM EGTA,1mM正钒酸钠,1mM二硫苏糖醇,15mM MgCl2,0.1mM[γ32P]ATP,0.002mCi,Amersham)0.05ml中于37℃保温10分钟。保温后,加入40%的三氯乙酸0.025ml停止反应后,把反应液的一部分0.025ml分别吸取到磷酸纤维素纸(1cm见方)。用0.75%磷酸25ml每5分钟洗涤3次磷酸纤维素纸,再用乙酮25ml洗涤5分钟后用放射性检测器测定磷酸纤维素纸上32P放射活性。
如图10所示,从结果可以得知,酪蛋白激酶2的蛋白量越多,酪蛋白激酶2的酶活性即功能越高,可以理解,酪蛋白激酶2的蛋白质表达水平即含量与酪蛋白激酶2的酶活性即功能存在着极为密切的关系。这表明,酪蛋白激酶2基因的表达、蛋白质的表达水平即含量以及酶活性即功能越高,则肾脏疾病状态越恶化,它们被抑制为接近适当值时则肾脏疾病状态也越趋于正常。
表10 酪蛋白激酶2的蛋白含量与酶活性的关系。
蛋白量(ng) | 酶活性(cpm) |
01020 | 45114675192203 |
实施例7
本实施例是为确定本发明的实用性而实施的,也就是说研究针对酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位的反义寡核苷酸给药的肾炎大鼠模型效果。给大鼠(Wistar-Kyoto系,雄性,体重190-210g)静脉注射兔子抗肾小球基底膜抗血清(0.3ml/kg),诱发肾炎。使用了选择性抑制酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位表达的反义寡核苷酸5′-GTAATCATCTTGATTACCCCA-3′以及不抑制酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位表达的阴性对照的正义寡核苷酸5′-TGGGGTATCAATCAAGATGATTAC-3′,以可适宜抑制酪蛋白激酶2的12μg/天的给药量,用连接有聚乙烯管(PE-10)的Alzet泵(0.25μl/小时,1002,Alzet)从肾炎诱发前一天开始到第七天持续地在肾炎大鼠的肾脏组织内给药。另外,寡核苷酸的核酸分子为含有硫代磷酸酯部分的S-寡核苷酸,为更容易摄取寡核苷酸而使用阳离子液体(Polyplustransfection)。即动物实验组的构成是,正常组(未给予酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位反义寡核苷酸以及反义寡核苷酸的正常大鼠,n=8)、肾炎对照组(未给予酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位反义寡核苷酸以及反义寡核苷酸的肾炎大鼠,n=8)、肾炎+酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位反义寡核苷酸给药组(本发明组,给予酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位反义寡核苷酸的肾炎大鼠,n=4)、肾炎+酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位正义寡核苷酸给药组(阴性对照组,给予酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位正义寡核苷酸的肾炎大鼠)的4个实验组。诱发后第7天,把所有大鼠都置入代谢笼内采取24小时的尿,测定尿量后,3000rpm离心15分钟,对上清液中的尿蛋白进行定量。采尿结束后,摘除肾脏,根据常规方法分别提取肾脏组织的蛋白质,各蛋白质(1mg/ml,20μl)分别用12.5%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶(PAGEL ATTO)进行电泳(PAGERUN,ATTO,40mA,84min)。把电泳得到的各蛋白质转移到PVDF膜(微孔)(100V,90min)上。封闭膜(ブロツキングエ一ス,大日本制药,4℃,1小时),用含有Tween20的PBS缓冲液洗涤3次(10min)后,用一次抗体进行孵育(室温,1小时),所述一次抗体为针对酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位的抗体(来自山羊,Santa cruz产品,用时稀释100倍)。孵育后,用含有Tween20的PBS缓冲液洗涤3次(10min),然后用二次抗体进行孵育(室温,1小时),所述二次抗体为针对山羊IgG的HRP标记抗体(Santa cruz产品,用时稀释1000倍)。保温后,用ECL试剂分别测定酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位的蛋白量。通过对检测出的酪蛋白激酶2进行图像摄影而将酪蛋白激酶2的蛋白量进行图像文件化,利用Macintosh的软件NIH Image进行数字化处理。
如表11和图2所示,从结果可知,本发明的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位反义寡核苷酸明显地降低了肾脏组织即构成肾脏的细胞中的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位蛋白质的表达量即含有量(表11),明显地降低了作为肾脏疾病状态的重要指标的蛋白尿(图2)。另一方面,作为阴性对照的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位正义寡核苷酸并未降低肾脏组织即构成肾脏的细胞中的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位蛋白质的表达量即含有量(表11),也并未明显降低肾炎大鼠的蛋白尿(图2)。也就是说,其从一般认知理论上说明了降低或抑制肾脏组织即构成肾脏的细胞中的酪蛋白激酶2的方法和物质就具有使肾脏疾病状态接近正常状态的作用或效果,具有治疗和预防肾脏疾病的作用或效果。在酪蛋白激酶2的反义寡核苷酸给药组和肾炎对照组之间,以及在酪蛋白激酶2的反义寡核苷酸给药组和阴性对照组之间,没有体重上的差异,也没有发现脏器有什么障碍,由此可以清楚地确定本反义寡核苷酸作为肾脏疾病的治疗药物是安全的适用的。
表11 针对肾炎大鼠模型的肾脏组织中的酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位蛋白含量,以数值显示酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位反义寡核苷酸给药和正义寡核苷酸给药的效果。
肾脏 | 酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位的蛋白含量比 |
给予反义寡核苷酸的大鼠肾脏给予正义寡核苷酸的大鼠肾脏没有给药的肾脏 | 0.451.071 |
实施例8
研究化合物芹菜素对酪蛋白激酶2的酶活性的抑制作用。即把酪蛋白激酶2(10ng蛋白量,Upstate),在含有酶基底物Arg-Arg-Arg-Glu-Glu-Glu-Thr-Glu-Glu-Glu(10nmol,0.2mM,Upstate)和0.1-100μM浓度范围的芹菜素的缓冲液(20mM MOPS,pH7.2,25mM β-丙三醇磷酸酯,5mM EGTA,1mM正钒酸钠,1mM二硫苏糖醇,15mM MgCl2,0.1mM[γ-32P]ATP,0.002mCi,Amersham)0.05ml中37℃保温10分钟。保温后,加入40%的三氯乙酸0.025ml停止反应,把反应液的一部分0.025ml分别吸取到磷酸纤维素纸(1cm见方)。用0.75%磷酸25ml每5分钟洗涤3次磷酸纤维素纸,再用乙酮25ml洗涤5分钟后,用放射线检测器测定磷酸纤维素纸上的32P放射活性。将不含芹菜素缓冲液中测定的32P放射活性设为100%,分别用%表示含有各种浓度的抑制物质在缓冲液中测定的32P放射活性的比例,由此,确定芹菜素对酪蛋白激酶2的机能活性或效果的影响。
从其结果可知,芹菜素在10μM的浓度内抑制了25%的酪蛋白激酶2的酶活性,在100μM的浓度内抑制了75%的酪蛋白激酶2的酶活性(图3)。因此,优选芹菜素作为抑制酪蛋白激酶2酶活性的物质。
实施例9
本实施例是为进一步确认本发明的实用性而实施的,也就是说,本实施例使用优选的芹菜素作为抑制酪蛋白激酶2酶活性的物质,研究在肾炎大鼠模型中给予酪蛋白激酶2抑制药物的效果。
给大鼠(Wistar-Kyoto系,雄性,体重190-210g,日本チヤ一ルス·リバ一株式会社)静脉注射兔子抗肾小球基底膜抗血清(0.3ml/kg),诱发肾炎。在正常组的大鼠里,把正常兔子血清(0.3ml/kg)注射到静脉内。把作为优选抑制酪蛋白激酶2酶活性的抑制物质芹菜素以每1kg体重(根据对酪蛋白激酶的抑制而适当地确定)给予20mg的剂量在肾炎诱发后第1天到第14天每天1次在肾炎大鼠腹腔内连续给药。给药的芹菜素溶液为将芹菜素溶于二甲基亚砜和0.5%(w/v)羧甲基纤维素钠以1∶4比例混合的混合液中。在没有给予酪蛋白激酶2抑制药物的大鼠里,在腹腔内仅注入溶剂。即,实验组的构成是:正常组(未给酪蛋白激酶2抑制药物的正常大鼠,n=5)、肾炎对照组(未给酪蛋白激酶2抑制药物的肾炎大鼠,n=5)以及肾炎+酪蛋白激酶2抑制药物给药组(本发明组,给予酪蛋白激酶2抑制药物的肾炎大鼠,n=5)的3个组。诱发后第7天,将所有大鼠都放入代谢笼内采取24小时的尿,测定尿量后,3000rpm离心15分钟,用TPテストワコ一(和光纯药)对上清液中的尿蛋白进行定量。
如图4所示,本发明的酪蛋白激酶2的抑制物质使作为肾脏疾病重要指标的蛋白尿明显地降低,几乎使肾脏疾病状态达到正常化。也就是,对于处于肾脏疾病状态的肾脏来说,若使用化合物抑制酪蛋白激酶2的酶活性,就具有使肾脏疾病状态接近正常的作用或效果,并显示出具有治疗或预防肾脏疾病的作用或效果。换言之,对于处于肾脏疾病状态的肾脏来说,具有抑制酪蛋白激酶2功能的物质,显示出具有使肾脏疾病状态接近正常的作用或效果,并具有治疗或预防肾脏疾病的作用或效果。即,一般来说,具有抑制酪蛋白激酶2作用的方法和物质明显具有治疗或预防肾脏疾病的作用或效果。通过给予酪蛋白激酶2的抑制物质,能够治疗肾脏疾病。在酪蛋白激酶2的抑制药物给药组和肾炎对照组之间没有体重差异,也没有发现其他脏器有什么障碍,所以,很显然本发明化合物可以安全地用作肾脏疾病的治疗药物。
实施例10
本实施例是为了更进一步地确认本发明的实用性而实施的。虽然已知各种药理作用,但作为具有抑制酪蛋白激酶2酶活性的作用已知还有3-甲基-1,6,8-三羟基蒽醌(Battistutta R et al.J Biol Chem 2000,275(38):29618-22),通过使用该药物来研究肾炎大鼠模型的酪蛋白激酶2抑制药物的给药效果。
给大鼠(Wistar-Kyoto系,雄性,体重190-210g,日本チヤ一ルス·リバ一株式会社)静脉注射兔子抗肾小球基底膜抗血清(0.3ml/kg),诱发肾炎。在正常组大鼠里,把正常兔子血清(0.3ml/kg)注射到静脉内。把3-甲基-1,6,8-三羟基蒽醌(Battistutta R et al.J Biol Chem 2000,275(38):29618-22)以每1kg体重给予20mg(根据对酪蛋白激酶2的抑制而适当地确定)的剂量在肾炎诱发后第1天到第14天每天1次在肾炎大鼠腹腔内连续给药。给药的3-甲基-1,6,8-三羟基蒽醌溶液为将3-甲基-1,6,8-三羟基蒽醌溶于二甲基亚砜和0.5%(w/v)羧甲基纤维素钠以1∶4比例混合的混合液中。在没有给予酪蛋白激酶2的抑制药物的大鼠里,在其腹腔内仅注射溶剂。即,实验组的构成是:正常组(未给酪蛋白激酶2抑制药物的正常大鼠,n=5)、肾炎对照组(未给酪蛋白激酶2抑制药物的肾炎大鼠,n=5)以及肾炎+酪蛋白激酶2抑制药物给药组(本发明组,给予酪蛋白激酶2抑制药物的肾炎大鼠,n=5)的3个组。诱发后第7天,将所有大鼠都放入代谢笼内采取24小时的尿,测定尿量后,3000rpm离心15分钟,用TPテストワコ一(和光纯药)定量其上清液的尿蛋白。诱发后第14天,把大鼠放入代谢笼内采取24小时的尿,测定尿量后,3000rpm离心15分钟,用肌酐テストワコ一(和光纯药)对上清液中的尿肌酐浓度进行定量。结束采尿后,从尾部静脉采血,所采的血液经3000rpm离心15分钟后,用肌酐テストワコ一(和光纯药)对血清中的血肌酐浓度进行定量。根据尿中的肌酐浓度和血中的肌酐浓度求出肌酐清除率。另外,摘除肾,用10%缓冲福尔马林固定后,用苏木精·伊红染色制作标本并镜检。
如图5、6所示,虽然已知各种药理作用,但作为已知具有抑制酪蛋白激酶2酶活性作用的3-甲基-1,6,8-三羟基蒽醌,一方面使作为肾脏疾病重要指标的蛋白尿明显地降低,另一方面几乎使血中的肌酐浓度、肌酐清除率达到正常化。即使从肾组织病理的观察到的结果分析3-甲基-1,6,8-三羟基蒽醌给药组与肾炎对照组的比较,也证实了肾小球和肾小管间质的改善。也就是,通过给与酪蛋白激酶2的抑制药物,预示能够治疗肾脏疾病。
产业上的可利用性
本发明肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物可以用于肾脏疾病的治疗或预防。另外,根据本发明的诊断方法(检测方法)可以准确地、方便地诊断(检测)肾脏疾病。
序列表
<110>东丽株式会社
<120>肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物以及肾脏疾病的诊断方法
<130>03PF264-PCT
<160>27
<210>1
<211>21
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>用于抑制酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因的反义寡核苷酸
<400>1
gtaatcatct tgattacccc a 21
<210>2
<211>21
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>用于抑制酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因的反义寡核苷酸
<400>2
ggttggccgg ccgcttgggc c 21
<210>3
<211>20
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>用于抑制酪蛋白激酶2α’亚单位基因的反义寡核苷酸
<400>3
ttcaaatacc aaagctggtg 20
<210>4
<211>20
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>用于抑制酪蛋白激酶2α’亚单位基因的反义寡核苷酸
<400>4
atcaaagtct gtcaggatct 20
<210>5
<211>20
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>用于抑制酪蛋白激酶2α’亚单位基因的反义寡核苷酸
<400>5
tggataaagt tttcccagcg 20
<210>6
<211>21
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>用于抑制酪蛋白激酶2α’亚单位基因的反义寡核苷酸
<400>6
accaagtttt cgaacccagt t 21
<210>7
<211>20
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>用于抑制酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因的反义寡核苷酸
<400>7
ctgctcatct tgacgtcagc 20
<210>8
<211>20
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>用于抑制酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因的反义寡核苷酸
<400>8
ctcagagcta aagcctcgtg 20
<210>9
<211>20
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>用于抑制酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因的反义寡核苷酸
<400>9
acccgaccgc ggcaggcgaa 20
<210>10
<211>20
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>用于抑制酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因的反义寡核苷酸
<400>10
gcggcgaccg ctacagcgca 20
<210>11
<211>20
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>用于PCR扩增大鼠酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因的寡核苷酸引物
<400>11
ccgcggacat aaagatgagt 20
<210>12
<211>20
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>用于PCR扩增大鼠酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位基因的寡核苷酸引物
<400>12
aaaccagtgc cgaagtatgc 20
<210>13
<211>20
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>用于PCR扩增大鼠酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因的寡核苷酸引物
<400>13
agaaagcttc ggctaataga 20
<210>14
<211>20
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>用于PCR扩增大鼠酪蛋白激酶2α亚单位基因的寡核苷酸引物
<400>14
actgaagaaa tccctgacat 20
<210>15
<211>2187
<212>DNA
<213>人类
<400>15
gagcagaggg gagacggccg ccgccctggc cgcttccacc acagtttgaa gaaaacaggt 60
ctgaaacaag gtcttacccc cagctgcttc tgaacacagt gactgccaga tctccaaaca 120
tcaagtccag ctttgtccgc caacctgtct gac atg tcg gga ccc gtg cca agc 174
Met Ser Gly Pro Val Pro Ser
1 5
agg gcc aga gtt tac aca gat gtt aat aca cac aga cct cga gaa tac 222
Arg Ala Arg Val Tyr Thr Asp Val Asn Thr His Arg Pro Arg Glu Tyr
10 15 20
tgg gat tac gag tca cat gtg gtg gaa tgg gga aat caa gat gac tac 270
Trp Asp Tyr Glu Ser His Val Val Glu Trp Gly Asn Gln Asp Asp Tyr
25 30 35
cag ctg gtt cga aaa tta ggc cga ggt aaa tac agt gaa gta ttt gaa 318
Gln Leu Val Arg Lys Leu Gly Arg Gly Lys Tyr Ser Glu Val Phe Glu
40 45 50 55
gcc atc aac atc aca aat aat gaa aaa gtt gtt gtt aaa att ctc aag 366
Ala Ile Asn Ile Thr Asn Asn Glu Lys Val Val Val Lys Ile Leu Lys
60 65 70
cca gta aaa aag aag aaa att aag cgt gaa ata aag att ttg gag aat 414
Pro Val Lys Lys Lys Lys Ile Lys Arg Glu Ile Lys Ile Leu Glu Asn
75 80 85
ttg aga gga ggt ccc aac atc atc aca ctg gca gac att gta aaa gac 462
Leu Arg Gly Gly Pro Asn Ile Ile Thr Leu Ala Asp Ile Val Lys Asp
90 95 100
cct gtg tca cga acc ccc gcc ttg gtt ttt gaa cac gta aac aac aca 510
Pro Val Ser Arg Thr Pro Ala Leu Val Phe Glu His Val Asn Asn Thr
105 110 115
gac ttc aag caa ttg tac cag acg tta aca gac tat gat att cga ttt 558
Asp Phe Lys Gln Leu Tyr Gln Thr Leu Thr Asp Tyr Asp Ile Arg Phe
120 125 130 135
tac atg tat gag att ctg aag gcc ctg gat tat tgt cac agc atg gga 606
Tyr Met Tyr Glu Ile Leu Lys Ala Leu Asp Tyr Cys His Ser Met Gly
140 145 150
att atg cac aga gat gtc aag ccc cat aat gtc atg att gat cat gag 654
Ile Met His Arg Asp Val Lys Pro His Asn Val Met Ile Asp His Glu
155 160 165
cac aga aag cta cga cta ata gac tgg ggt ttg gct gag ttt tat cat 702
His Arg Lys Leu Arg Leu Ile Asp Trp Gly Leu Ala Glu Phe Tyr His
170 175 180
cct ggc caa gaa tat aat gtc cga gtt gct tcc cga tac ttc aaa ggt 750
Pro Gly Gln Glu Tyr Asn Val Arg Val Ala Ser Arg Tyr Phe Lys Gly
185 190 195
cct gag cta ctt gta gac tat cag atg tac gat tat agt ttg gat atg 798
Pro Glu Leu Leu Val Asp Tyr Gln Met Tyr Asp Tyr Ser Leu Asp Met
200 205 210 215
tgg agt ttg ggt tgt atg ctg gca agt atg atc ttt cgg aag gag cca 846
Trp Ser Leu Gly Cys Met Leu Ala Ser Met Ile Phe Arg Lys Glu Pro
220 225 230
ttt ttc cat gga cat gac aat tat gat cag ttg gtg agg ata gcc aag 894
Phe Phe His Gly His Asp Asn Tyr Asp Gln Leu Val Arg Ile Ala Lys
235 240 245
gtt ctg ggg aca gaa gat tta tat gac tat att gac aaa tac aac att 942
Val Leu Gly Thr Glu Asp Leu Tyr Asp Tyr Ile Asp Lys Tyr Asn Ile
250 255 260
gaa tta gat cca cgt ttc aat gat atc ttg ggc aga cac tct cga aag 990
Glu Leu Asp Pro Arg Phe Asn Asp Ile Leu Gly Arg His Ser Arg Lys
265 270 275
cga tgg gaa cgc ttt gtc cac agt gaa aat cag cac ctt gtc agc cct 1038
Arg Trp Glu Arg Phe Val His Ser Glu Asn Gln His Leu Val Ser Pro
280 285 290 295
gag gcc ttg gat ttc ctg gac aaa ctg ctg cga tat gac cac cag tca 1086
Glu Ala Leu Asp Phe Leu Asp Lys Leu Leu Arg Tyr Asp His Gln Ser
300 305 310
cgg ctt act gca aga gag gca atg gag cac ccc tat ttc tac act gtt 1134
Arg Leu Thr Ala Arg Glu Ala Met Glu His Pro Tyr Phe Tyr Thr Val
315 320 325
gtg aag gac cag gct cga atg ggt tca tct agc atg cca ggg ggc agt 1182
Val Lys Asp Gln Ala Arg Met Gly Ser Ser Ser Met Pro Gly Gly Ser
330 335 340
acg ccc gtc agc agc gcc aat atg atg tca ggg att tct tca gtg cca 1230
Thr Pro Val Ser Ser Ala Asn Met Met Ser Gly Ile Ser Ser Val Pro
345 350 355
acc cct tca ccc ctt gga cct ctg gca ggc tca cca gtg att gct gct 1278
Thr Pro Ser Pro Leu Gly Pro Leu Ala Gly Ser Pro Val Ile Ala Ala
360 365 370 375
gcc aac ccc ctt ggg atg cct gtt cca gct gcc gct ggc gct cag cag 1326
Ala Asn Pro Leu Gly Met Pro Val Pro Ala Ala Ala Gly Ala Gln Gln
380 385 390
taa cggccctatc tgtctcctga tgcctgagca gaggtggggg agtccaccct 1379
ctccttgatg cagcttgcgc ctggcgggga ggggtgaaac acttcagaag caccgtgtct 1439
gaaccgttgc ttgtggattt atagtagttc agtcataaaa aaaaaaatta taataggctg 1499
attttctttt ttcttttttt tttaactcga acttttcata actcagggga ttccctgaaa 1559
aattacctgc aggtggaata tttcatggac aatttttttt tctcccctcc caaatttagt 1619
tcctcatcac aaaagaacaa agataaacca gcctcaatcc cggctgctgc atttaggtgg 1679
agacttcttc ccattcccac cattgttcct ccaccgtccc acactttagg gggttggtat 1739
ctcgtgctct tctccagaga ttacaaaaat gtagcttctc aggggaggca ggaagaaagg 1799
aaggaaggaa agaaggaagg gaggacccaa tctataggag cagtggactg cttgctggtc 1859
gcttacatca ctttactcca taagcgcttc agtggggtta tcctagtggc tcttgtggaa 1919
gtgtgtctta gttacatcaa gatgttaaaa tctacccaaa atgcagacag atactaaaac 1979
tctgtcagta gatcatgtct tactgatcta accctaaatc caactcattt atacttttat 2039
ttttagttca gtttaaaatg ttgatacctt ccctcccagg ctccttacct tggtcttttc 2099
cctgttcatc tcccaacatg ctgtgctcca tagctggtag gagagggaag gcaaaatctt 2159
tcttagtttt ctttatctt 2178
<210>16
<211>1677
<212>DNA
<213>人类
<400>16
tgtcacccag gctggagtgc agtggcgcaa tctcagctca ctgcaacctc cacctccctg 60
gttcaagcga ttctcctgcc tcctccgccc gacgccccgc gtcccccgcc gcgccgccgc 120
cgccaccctc tgcgccccgc gccgcccccc ggtcccgccc gcc atg ccc ggc ccg 175
Met Pro Gly Pro
1
gcc gcg ggc agc agg gcc cgg gtc tac gcc gag gtg aac agt ctg agg 223
Ala Ala Gly Ser Arg Ala Arg Val Tyr Ala Glu Val Asn Ser Leu Arg
5 10 15 20
agc cgc gag tac tgg gac tac gag gct cac gtc ccg agc tgg ggt aat 271
Ser Arg Glu Tyr Trp Asp Tyr Glu Ala His Val Pro Ser Trp Gly Asn
25 30 35
caa gat gat tac caa ctg gtt cga aaa ctt ggt cgg gga aaa tat agt 319
Gln Asp Asp Tyr Gln Leu Val Arg Lys Leu Gly Arg Gly Lys Tyr Ser
40 45 50
gaa gta ttt gag gcc att aat atc acc aac aat gag aga gtg gtt gta 367
Glu Val Phe Glu Ala Ile Asn Ile Thr Asn Asn Glu Arg Val Val Val
55 60 65
aaa atc ctg aag cca gtg aag aaa aag aag ata aaa cga gag gtt aag 415
Lys Ile Leu Lys Pro Val Lys Lys Lys Lys Ile Lys Arg Glu Val Lys
70 75 80
att ctg gag aac ctt cgt ggt gga aca aat atc att aag ctg att gac 463
Ile Leu Glu Asn Leu Arg Gly Gly Thr Asn Ile Ile Lys Leu Ile Asp
85 90 95 100
act gta aag gac ccc gtg tca aag aca cca gct ttg gta ttt gaa tat 511
Thr Val Lys Asp Pro Val Ser Lys Thr Pro Ala Leu Val Phe Glu Tyr
105 110 115
atc aat aat aca gat ttt aag caa ctc tac cag atc ctg aca gac ttt 559
Ile Asn Asn Thr Asp Phe Lys Gln Leu Tyr Gln Ile Leu Thr Asp Phe
120 125 130
gat atc cgg ttt tat atg tat gaa cta ctt aaa gct ctg gat tac tgc 607
Asp Ile Arg Phe Tyr Met Tyr Glu Leu Leu Lys Ala Leu Asp Tyr Cys
135 140 145
cac agc aag gga atc atg cac agg gat gtg aaa cct cac aat gtc atg 655
His Ser Lys Gly Ile Met His Arg Asp Val Lys Pro His Asn Val Met
150 155 160
ata gat cac caa cag aaa aag ctg cga ctg ata gat tgg ggt ctg gca 703
Ile Asp His Gln Gln Lys Lys Leu Arg Leu Ile Asp Trp Gly Leu Ala
165 170 175 180
gaa ttc tat cat cct gct cag gag tac aat gtt cgt gta gcc tca agg 751
Glu Phe Tyr His Pro Ala Gln Glu Tyr Asn Val Arg Val Ala Ser Arg
185 190 195
tac ttc aag gga cca gag ctc ctc gtg gac tat cag atg tat gat tat 799
Tyr Phe Lys Gly Pro Glu Leu Leu Val Asp Tyr Gln Met Tyr Asp Tyr
200 205 210
agc ttg gac atg tgg agt ttg ggc tgt atg tta gca agc atg atc ttt 847
Ser Leu Asp Met Trp Ser Leu Gly Cys Met Leu Ala Ser Met Ile Phe
215 220 225
cga agg gaa cca ttc ttc cat gga cag gac aac tat gac cag ctt gtt 895
Arg Arg Glu Pro Phe Phe His Gly Gln Asp Asn Tyr Asp Gln Leu Val
230 235 240
cgc att gcc aag gtt ctg ggt aca gaa gaa ctg tat ggg tat ctg aag 943
Arg Ile Ala Lys Val Leu Gly Thr Glu Glu Leu Tyr Gly Tyr Leu Lys
245 250 255 260
aag tat cac ata gac cta gat cca cac ttc aac gat atc ctg gga caa 991
Lys Tyr His Ile Asp Leu Asp Pro His Phe Asn Asp Ile Leu Gly Gln
265 270 275
cat tca cgg aaa cgc tgg gaa aac ttt atc cat agt gag aac aga cac 1039
His Ser Arg Lys Arg Trp Glu Asn Phe Ile His Ser Glu Asn Arg His
280 285 290
ctt gtc agc cct gag gcc cta gat ctt ctg gac aaa ctt ctg cga tac 1087
Leu Val Ser Pro Glu Ala Leu Asp Leu Leu Asp Lys Leu Leu Arg Tyr
295 300 305
gac cat caa cag aga ctg act gcc aaa gag gcc atg gag cac cca tac 1135
Asp His Gln Gln Arg Leu Thr Ala Lys Glu Ala Met Glu His Pro Tyr
310 315 320
ttc tac cct gtg gtg aag gag cag tcc cag cct tgt gca gac aat gct 1183
Phe Tyr Pro Val Val Lys Glu Gln Ser Gln Pro Cys Ala Asp Asn Ala
325 330 335 340
gtg ctt tcc agt ggt ctc acg gca gca cga tga agactggaaa gcgacgggtc 1236
Val Leu Ser Ser Gly Leu Thr Ala Ala Arg
345 350
tgttgcggtt ctcccacttt tccataagca gaacaagaac caaatcaaac gtcttaacgc 1296
gtatagagag atcacgttcc gtgagcagac acaaaacggt ggcaggtttg gcgagcacga 1356
actagaccaa gcgaagggca gcccaccacc gtatatcaaa cctcacttcc gaatgtaaaa 1416
ggctcacttg cctttggctt cctgttgact tcttcccgac ccagaaagca tggggaatgt 1476
gaagggtatg cagaatgttg ttggttactg ttgctccccg agcccctcaa ctcgtcccgt 1536
ggccgcctgt ttttccagca aaccacgcta actagctgac cacagactcc acagtggggg 1596
gacgggcgca gtatgtggca tggcggcagt tacatattat tattttaaaa gtatatatta 1656
ttgaataaaa ggttttaaaa g 1677
<210>17
<211>648
<212>DNA
<213>人类
<400>17
atg agc agc tca gag gag gtg tcc tgg att tcc tgg ttc tgt ggg ctc 48
Met Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Val Ser Trp Ile Ser Trp Phe Cys Gly Leu
1 5 10 15
cgt ggc aat gaa ttc ttc tgt gaa gtg gat gaa gac tac atc cag gac 96
Arg Gly Asn Glu Phe Phe Cys Glu Val Asp Glu Asp Tyr Ile Gln Asp
20 25 30
aaa ttt aat ctt act gga ctc aat gag cag gtc cct cac tat cga caa 144
Lys Phe Asn Leu Thr Gly Leu Asn Glu Gln Val Pro His Tyr Arg Gln
35 40 45
gct cta gac atg atc ttg gac ctg gag cct gat gaa gaa ctg gaa gac 192
Ala Leu Asp Met Ile Leu Asp Leu Glu Pro Asp Glu Glu Leu Glu Asp
50 55 60
aac ccc aac cag agt gac ctg att gag cag gca gcc gag atg ctt tat 240
Asn Pro Asn Gln Ser Asp Leu Ile Glu Gln Ala Ala Glu Met Leu Tyr
65 70 75 80
gga ttg atc cac gcc cgc tac atc ctt acc aac cgt ggc atc gcc cag 288
Gly Leu Ile His Ala Arg Tyr Ile Leu Thr Asn Arg Gly Ile Ala Gln
85 90 95
atg ttg gaa aag tac cag caa gga gac ttt ggt tac tgt cct cgt gtg 336
Met Leu Glu Lys Tyr Gln Gln Gly Asp Phe Gly Tyr Cys Pro Arg Val
100 105 110
tac tgt gag aac cag cca atg ctt ccc att ggc ctt tca gac atc cca 384
Tyr Cys Glu Asn Gln Pro Met Leu Pro Ile Gly Leu Ser Asp Ile Pro
115 120 125
ggt gaa gcc atg gtg aag ctc tac tgc ccc aag tgc atg gat gtg tac 432
Gly Glu Ala Met Val Lys Leu Tyr Cys Pro Lys Cys Met Asp Val Tyr
130 135 140
aca ccc aag tca tca aga cac cat cac acg gat ggc gcc tac ttc ggc 480
Thr Pro Lys Ser Ser Arg His His His Thr Asp Gly Ala Tyr Phe Gly
145 150 155 160
act ggt ttc cct cac atg ctc ttc atg gtg cat ccc gag tac cgg ccc 528
Thr Gly Phe Pro His Met Leu Phe Met Val His Pro Glu Tyr Arg Pro
165 170 175
aag aga cct gcc aac cag ttt gtg ccc agg ctc tac ggt ttc aag atc 576
Lys Arg Pro Ala Asn Gln Phe Val Pro Arg Leu Tyr Gly Phe Lys Ile
180 185 190
cat ccg atg gcc tac cag ctg cag ctc caa gcc gcc agc aac ttc aag 624
His Pro Met Ala Tyr Gln Leu Gln Leu Gln Ala Ala Ser Asn Phe Lys
195 200 205
agc cca gtc aag acg att cgc tga 648
Ser Pro Val Lys Thr Ile Arg
210 215
<210>18
<211>2180
<212>DNA
<213>大鼠
<400>18
gggttcttcc ttcatatgcc agctagagag ccttgcctcc ctggagctca tagtccaggc 60
tgtgttctgg ggacctgagg ggtgtggtca gggcacagag actctctcag agcactggga 120
gtgggattcc tgctgtaagg gaagggatgt cataggtcag ttgaccaatg accagaccta 180
aacatggctc ccagccttag gcatgcggag cctaggagtc ccttcaaccc tggcctgtga 240
tttttccagc tcagatgaca aagacatcta ggcccagtgt cttgagaatc cctatagtca 300
aggattagag tcctcctcag tgagtcagct cccccagtca gtaccctcac aagatatcaa 360
ccgaattcgg tttttttttt tttttttttt taaatatgta aggctttcaa tttattacag 420
atcacccaag aacataatga tatacatgta gtcagaaaac acgatgtaga aatcatagtg 480
agttgtccag acatagtcag tagattattc tttctggcat gctccagtgt caagacctca 540
ataaagagca ctaaaatcct tccatacaat taagtatcag cgatgtacca tattgcagaa 600
aggggtggct gagcaacagt ttgttgatac tataagactt ccatgctcaa cagtcgtagc 660
gttgcactca gcacagctct ggtttccata tacaaatttt ccatctcgta ggggagcgcg 720
gctagtgccg ctgccgcttc caccgcagta actgccagat cttccaacat cacgttcagc 780
tttgtccgtc aacctgtctg ac atg tcg gga ccc gtg cca agc agg gcc aga 832
Met Ser Gly Pro Val Pro Ser Arg Ala Arg
1 5 10
gtt tac aca gat gtt aac aca cac aga ccc cga gag tac tgg gac tat 880
Val Tyr Thr Asp Val Asn Thr His Arg Pro Arg Glu Tyr Trp Asp Tyr
15 20 25
gaa tca cat gtg gtg gaa tgg gga aat caa gat gac tac cag ctt gtt 928
Glu Ser His Val Val Glu Trp Gly Asn Gln Asp Asp Tyr Gln Leu Val
30 35 40
cga aaa tta ggc agg ggc aaa tac agt gaa gtg ttt gag gcc atc aat 976
Arg Lys Leu Gly Arg Gly Lys Tyr Ser Glu Val Phe Glu Ala Ile Asn
45 50 55
atc aca aat aat gaa aaa gtt gtt gtt aaa att ctc aag cca gta aaa 1024
Ile Thr Asn Asn Glu Lys Val Val Val Lys Ile Leu Lys Pro Val Lys
60 65 70
aag aag aaa att aag cgt gaa ata aag att ttg gag aat tta aga ggt 1072
Lys Lys Lys Ile Lys Arg Glu Ile Lys Ile Leu Glu Asn Leu Arg Gly
75 80 85 90
ggg ccc aac atc atc aca ctt gca gac att gtg aaa gac cct gtg tct 1120
Gly Pro Asn Ile Ile Thr Leu Ala Asp Ile Val Lys Asp Pro Val Ser
95 100 105
cga acc cct gcc ttg gtt ttt gaa cat gta aac aac aca gac ttc aag 1168
Arg Thr Pro Ala Leu Val Phe Glu His Val Asn Asn Thr Asp Phe Lys
110 115 120
caa ttg tac cag acg tta aca gac tat gac att cga ttt tac atg tat 1216
Gln Leu Tyr Gln Thr Leu Thr Asp Tyr Asp Ile Arg Phe Tyr Met Tyr
125 130 135
gaa att ctg aaa gcc ctg gat tat tgt cac agc atg ggg att atg cac 1264
Glu Ile Leu Lys Ala Leu Asp Tyr Cys His Ser Met Gly Ile Met His
140 145 150
aga gac gtg aaa ccg cat aat gtc atg att gat cat gag cac aga aag 1312
Arg Asp Val Lys Pro His Asn Val Met Ile Asp His Glu His Arg Lys
155 160 165 170
ctt cgg cta ata gat tgg ggt tta gca gag ttt tac cat cct ggc caa 1360
Leu Arg Leu Ile Asp Trp Gly Leu Ala Glu Phe Tyr His Pro Gly Gln
175 180 185
gag tat aat gtc cga gtt gct tcc cga tat ttc aaa ggt cca gag cta 1408
Glu Tyr Asn Val Arg Val Ala Ser Arg Tyr Phe Lys Gly Pro Glu Leu
190 195 200
ctt gta gat tat cag atg tac gat tat agt ttg gat atg tgg agc ttg 1456
Leu Val Asp Tyr Gln Met Tyr Asp Tyr Ser Leu Asp Met Trp Ser Leu
205 210 215
ggt tgt atg ctg gca agt atg atc ttc cgg aag gag cca ttt ttc cat 1504
Gly Cys Met Leu Ala Ser Met Ile Phe Arg Lys Glu Pro Phe Phe His
220 225 230
gga cat gac aat tat gat cag ttg gtg agg ata gcc aag gtt ctg gga 1552
Gly His Asp Asn Tyr Asp Gln Leu Val Arg Ile Ala Lys Val Leu Gly
235 240 245 250
acg gaa gat tta tat gac tat att gac aag tac aac att gaa tta gat 1600
Thr Glu Asp Leu Tyr Asp Tyr Ile Asp Lys Tyr Asn Ile Glu Leu Asp
255 260 265
cca cgt ttc aac gat atc ttg ggc aga cac tcc cgt aag cga tgg gaa 1648
Pro Arg Phe Asn Asp Ile Leu Gly Arg His Ser Arg Lys Arg Trp Glu
270 275 280
cgc ttt gtc cac agt gaa aac cag cac ctt gtc agc ccc gag gcc ttg 1696
Arg Phe Val His Ser Glu Asn Gln His Leu Val Ser Pro Glu Ala Leu
285 290 295
gat ttt ctg gac aag ctg ctg cga tac gac cac cag tct cgg ctc act 1744
Asp Phe Leu Asp Lys Leu Leu Arg Tyr Asp His Gln Ser Arg Leu Thr
300 305 310
gca aga gag gcc atg gag cac cct tac ttc tac act gtc gtg aag gac 1792
Ala Arg Glu Ala Met Glu His Pro Tyr Phe Tyr Thr Val Val Lys Asp
315 320 325 330
cag gct cga atg agt tcg gct ggc atg gca ggg ggc agc aca cct gtc 1840
Gln Ala Arg Met Ser Ser Ala Gly Met Ala Gly Gly Ser Thr Pro Val
335 340 345
agt agc gcc aat atg atg tca ggg att tct tca gtg cca acc cct tca 1888
Ser Ser Ala Asn Met Met Ser Gly Ile Ser Ser Val Pro Thr Pro Ser
350 355 360
ccc ctg gga cct ctg gca ggc tca ccc gtg att gct gct gcc aac tca 1936
Pro Leu Gly Pro Leu Ala Gly Ser Pro Val Ile Ala Ala Ala Asn Ser
365 370 375
ctt ggg ata ccc gta cca gct gcc gct ggc gct cag cag taa tgaccccat 1987
Leu Gly Ile Pro Val Pro Ala Ala Ala Gly Ala Gln Gln
380 385 390
ctgtcttctg atgcctgggc agaggtggga cgtccaccct ctccttaatg cagcttgcgc 2047
ctggttggga ggggtgagaa cacttcagaa gcaccgtgtc tgaaccgttg cttgtggatt 2107
tagtagttga gtcataaaaa aaattatagg ctgattttct ttcttttttt tttttttttt 2167
tttaaaaaaa ccg 2180
<210>19
<211>1964
<212>DNA
<213>大鼠
<400>19
ggctgccgcg gcccggtcgg ctttctgcgc tgtagcggtc tctgccgttc cttggaagca 60
cagctcccct tccccgcccc agtcccagtc cccgtccggc cgcggacata aag atg 116
Met
1
agt agc tct gag gag gtg tcc tgg att tcc tgg ttc tgt ggg ctc cgt 164
Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Val Ser Trp Ile Ser Trp Phe Cys Gly Leu Arg
5 10 15
ggt aat gaa ttc ttc tgt gag gtg gat gaa gac tac atc cag gac aaa 212
Gly Asn Glu Phe Phe Cys Glu Val Asp Glu Asp Tyr Ile Gln Asp Lys
20 25 30
ttt aat ctt act gga ctc aat gag cag gtg cct cac tat cga caa gcc 260
Phe Asn Leu Thr Gly Leu Asn Glu Gln Val Pro His Tyr Arg Gln Ala
35 40 45
cta gac atg atc ttg gac ctg gaa cct gat gaa gag ctg gaa gac aac 308
Leu Asp Met Ile Leu Asp Leu Glu Pro Asp Glu Glu Leu Glu Asp Asn
50 55 60 65
ccc aac cag agt gac ttg att gag cag gcg gcc gag atg ctc tat ggg 356
Pro Asn Gln Ser Asp Leu Ile Glu Gln Ala Ala Glu Met Leu Tyr Gly
70 75 80
ttg atc cac gcc cgc tac atc ctc acc aac cgg ggc att gca caa atg 404
Leu Ile His Ala Arg Tyr Ile Leu Thr Asn Arg Gly Ile Ala Gln Met
85 90 95
ttg gaa aag tac cag caa gga gac ttt ggc tac tgt cct cga gta tac 452
Leu Glu Lys Tyr Gln Gln Gly Asp Phe Gly Tyr Cys Pro Arg Val Tyr
100 105 110
tgt gag aac cag ccg atg ctt ccc atc ggc ctt tcg gac atc cca gga 500
Cys Glu Asn Gln Pro Met Leu Pro Ile Gly Leu Ser Asp Ile Pro Gly
115 120 125
gag gcc atg gtg aag ctc tac tgc ccc aag tgc atg gac gtg tac aca 548
Glu Ala Met Val Lys Leu Tyr Cys Pro Lys Cys Met Asp Val Tyr Thr
130 135 140 145
ccc aag tcc tct agg cac cac cac acg gat ggc gca tac ttc ggc act 596
Pro Lys Ser Ser Arg His His His Thr Asp Gly Ala Tyr Phe Gly Thr
150 155 160
ggt ttc cct cac atg ctc ttc atg gtg cat ccc gag tac cgg ccc aag 644
Gly Phe Pro His Met Leu Phe Met Val His Pro Glu Tyr Arg Pro Lys
165 170 175
cgg ccg gcc aac cag ttt gtg ccc agg ctc tac ggt ttc aag atc cat 692
Arg Pro Ala Asn Gln Phe Val Pro Arg Leu Tyr Gly Phe Lys Ile His
180 185 190
cca atg gcc tac cag ctg cag ctc caa gcc gcc agc aac ttc aag agc 740
Pro Met Ala Tyr Gln Leu Gln Leu Gln Ala Ala Ser Asn Phe Lys Ser
195 200 205
cca gtc aag acg att cgc tga gtgccctccc acctcctctg cctgtgacac cacc 795
Pro Val Lys Thr Ile Arg
210
gtccctccgc tgccaccctt tcaggaagtc tatggttttt agtttaaatt aaaggaattg 855
ttactgtggt ggggatatga aataaaggaa gagaaggcta aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaccga 915
attcggcatc tcacctaggt gtatacagct gcacattacc aatggctgca gaacacccaa 975
tcatgacctc tagtgcttta tagcaaaagt gtaaagtggt acctgggtga ccagcattgc 1035
catggttaca tccatttgcg taatcaagca gctgtgcaac tgctcttcta acagatgaac 1095
agctgcatgc atctccagca ggcatggatt gtctcttgtc tatgatcctc agtgcgttca 1155
cttagagtat ttctagagtt tgagtccttg ccgtgataga gccatgtagg gaatgcactg 1215
attgcatgtt accccaagcg tcatgaaacc ttccgacacg gtgacctatt taatggtctt 1275
gtttgttgac atgacaaatt aacattctta gagttacatc tcgaaaaaag catttgtgat 1335
agataagccc tttgagcctt gtggctaaat ttttgtggct ttgtttaact ttcaaaggtt 1395
atatatgcac taaccttttt tgatggctaa gtaggcttta aattacagta aattttttca 1455
aataaaactg gctgtaaaat atattttgaa ttagagttgt tcactttttc atagctactt 1515
atgttttttt cccaataatt tatttcacat ctctaccagt gaacgcagcc catcactaga 1575
aaatgacctt gtcctgattt cagtttcaac tattagtttt aaagctcact gttgaataag 1635
aggaagtggt ggtgcatttt aaattgactt tcatgtgctt ttaaaatatg acagatctcc 1695
ttgataatgt acttttattt gatctcaagt tgtataaaac caataaattt gtgttacttt 1755
gattgcagta gtatcttatg catagtgatt ccatgttata tgcagactag ttaggcaact 1815
gttttcttag ttacaagctt cacttttgtg cagttaaaaa aacaaaagta ggctacagtc 1875
tgtgccatgt tgatgtacag tttctgaaat tgttttacaa gactttgata ataaaaccct 1935
taaactcaca aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaacc 1964
<210>20
<211>21
<212>RNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>抑制人酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位RNA的siRNA
<400>20
cuaccgacaa gcucuagact t 21
<210>21
<211>21
<212>RNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>抑制人酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位RNA的siRNA
<400>21
gucuagagcu ugucgguagt t 21
<210>22
<211>21
<212>RNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>抑制人酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位RNA的siRNA
<400>22
cuaccgacaa gcucuagaca t 21
<210>23
<211>21
<212>RNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>抑制人酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位RNA的siRNA
<400>23
gucuagagcu ugucgguagt g 21
<210>24
<211>21
<212>RNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>抑制大鼠酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位RNA的siRNA
<400>24
aucuuacugg acucaaugat t 21
<210>25
<211>21
<212>RNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>抑制大鼠酪蛋白激酶2β亚单位RNA的siRNA
<400>25
gauggcuguu cgagaucugt t 21
<210>26
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>测定酪蛋白激酶2活性中使用的酪蛋白激酶2的底物
<400>26
Arg Arg Arg Glu Glu Glu Thr Glu Glu Glu
1 5 10
<210>27
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>测定酪蛋白激酶2活性中使用的酪蛋白激酶2的底物
<400>27
Arg Arg Glu Glu Glu Thr Glu Glu Glu
1 5
Claims (4)
1.一种序列号1-10中任意一项所示序列的核苷酸分子在制备肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物中的应用。
2.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述核苷酸分子为序列号1所示序列的核苷酸。
3.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述肾脏疾病为肾小球肾炎、间质性肾炎、肾硬化、糖尿病性肾病、慢性或急性肾功能不全。
4.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述肾脏疾病为非糖尿病源性肾炎、或者为以酪蛋白激酶2的表达亢进或酶活性亢进为特征的肾脏疾病。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP229262/2002 | 2002-08-06 | ||
JP2002229262 | 2002-08-06 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1674937A CN1674937A (zh) | 2005-09-28 |
CN100345593C true CN100345593C (zh) | 2007-10-31 |
Family
ID=31943812
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB038185911A Expired - Fee Related CN100345593C (zh) | 2002-08-06 | 2003-08-05 | 用于制备肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物中的用途 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20060293256A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1550462B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4483581B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100345593C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003252395A1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2501719C (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2378987T3 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2004017997A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITMI20031714A1 (it) | 2003-09-05 | 2005-03-06 | Gentium Spa | Formazioni ad azione antitumorale. |
JP2008515925A (ja) * | 2004-10-08 | 2008-05-15 | ジヤンセン・フアーマシユーチカ・ナームローゼ・フエンノートシヤツプ | 1,2,4−トリアゾリルアミノアリール(ヘテロアリール)スルホンアミド誘導体 |
JP2009507080A (ja) | 2005-09-07 | 2009-02-19 | リゲル ファーマシューティカルズ,インコーポレーテッド | Axl阻害剤として有用なトリアゾール誘導体 |
AR063311A1 (es) * | 2006-10-18 | 2009-01-21 | Novartis Ag | Compuestos organicos |
DK2078010T3 (da) | 2006-12-29 | 2014-04-28 | Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc | Polycyklisk heteroaryl-substituerede triazoler, der er anvendelige som axl-hæmmere |
EP2114955B1 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2013-02-13 | Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Bridged bicyclic aryl and bridged bicyclic heteroaryl substituted triazoles useful as axl inhibitors |
EP2484679B1 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2016-09-28 | Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | N3-heteroaryl substituted triazoles and n5-heteroaryl substitued triazoles useful as axl inhibitors |
AU2007342007A1 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-10 | Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Substituted triazoles useful as Axl inhibitors |
US7872000B2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2011-01-18 | Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Bicyclic aryl and bicyclic heteroaryl substituted triazoles useful as Axl inhibitors |
EP1982722A1 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2008-10-22 | Gentium S.p.A. | Use of oligotide for the treatment of renal diseases |
JP5635909B2 (ja) | 2007-10-26 | 2014-12-03 | ライジェル ファーマシューティカルズ, インコーポレイテッド | Axl阻害剤として有用な多環アリール置換トリアゾール及び多環ヘテロアリール置換トリアゾール |
US8349838B2 (en) | 2008-07-09 | 2013-01-08 | Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Polycyclic heteroaryl substituted triazoles useful as Axl inhibitors |
DK2328888T3 (da) * | 2008-07-09 | 2013-02-11 | Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc | Broforbundne, bicykliske heteroarylsubstituerede triazoler, der er anvendelige som axl-inhitorer |
JP5858789B2 (ja) | 2009-01-16 | 2016-02-10 | ライジェル ファーマシューティカルズ, インコーポレイテッド | 転移性癌の予防、治療、または管理のための併用療法に用いるためのaxl阻害薬 |
WO2012010240A1 (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2012-01-26 | Cellzome Ag | In vivo method for the evaluation of a compound-target interaction |
JP6069209B2 (ja) | 2010-11-12 | 2017-02-01 | ジェンティウム ソシエタ ア レスポンサビリタ リミタータ | 移植片対宿主病(gvhd)の予防および/または治療に使用するためのデフィブロタイド |
CN104619857A (zh) | 2012-06-22 | 2015-05-13 | 真蒂奥姆有限公司 | 用于测定去纤维蛋白多核苷酸的生物活性的基于优球蛋白的方法 |
EP3026122A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2016-06-01 | Gentium S.p.A. | Cellular-based method for determining the potency of defibrotide |
CN110237067A (zh) * | 2018-03-07 | 2019-09-17 | 上海市计划生育科学研究所 | 芹菜素及其衍生物在制备治疗或预防肾病的药物中的应用 |
WO2023190820A1 (ja) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-10-05 | 公立大学法人福島県立医科大学 | 抗CK2α抗体又はその断片 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000080035A (ja) * | 1998-09-02 | 2000-03-21 | National Institute Of Fruit Tree Science | マトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ産生阻害剤 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1076966C (zh) * | 1997-12-12 | 2002-01-02 | 中国人民解放军肾脏病研究所 | 大黄素在制备延缓慢性肾衰的药物中的应用 |
CA2227688C (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 2007-07-31 | James W. Critchfield | Methods and compositions for inhibition of viral replication |
EP0956867A1 (de) * | 1998-05-12 | 1999-11-17 | Franz-Peter Dr. Liebel | Verwendung von Flavonoidglykosiden, Gerbstoffen und Mikroorganismen zur Therapie und Prophylaxe des Diabetes mellitus |
ES2246240T3 (es) * | 1999-06-23 | 2006-02-16 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Bencimidazoles sustituidos. |
CA2393297C (en) * | 1999-12-06 | 2010-10-05 | Welichem Biotech Inc. | Polyhydroxystilbenes as antipsoriatic agents and protein kinase inhibitors |
EP1136073A1 (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2001-09-26 | N.V. Nutricia | Compositions suitable for the treatment of damage caused by ischemia/reperfusion or oxidative stress |
ATE415396T1 (de) * | 2000-09-20 | 2008-12-15 | Ortho Mcneil Pharm Inc | Pyrazine derivate als tyrosin kinase modulatoren |
BRPI0115814B8 (pt) * | 2000-12-01 | 2021-05-25 | Europaeisches Laboratorium Fuer Molekularbiologie Embl | moléculas de rna de filamento duplo, seu método de preparação e composição farmacêutica compreendendo as mesmas |
CN1127953C (zh) * | 2000-12-19 | 2003-11-19 | 中国人民解放军肾脏病研究所 | 一种延缓慢性肾衰的药物 |
BR0116792A (pt) * | 2000-12-22 | 2004-02-17 | Ortho Mcneil Pharm Inc | Derivados de diamina de triazol substituìdos como inibidores de quinase |
JP2002220334A (ja) * | 2001-01-26 | 2002-08-09 | Akita Prefecture | アルドースリダクターゼ阻害作用剤および活性酸素消去作用剤 |
US6455307B1 (en) * | 2001-02-08 | 2002-09-24 | Isis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Antisense modulation of casein kinase 2-alpha prime expression |
AU2003249284A1 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2004-02-02 | Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Modulators of cellular proliferation |
US20040121968A1 (en) * | 2002-12-23 | 2004-06-24 | Alexander Ljubimov | Antiangiogenesis by inhibiting protein kinase CK2 activity |
-
2003
- 2003-08-05 EP EP03792648A patent/EP1550462B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-05 ES ES03792648T patent/ES2378987T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-05 AU AU2003252395A patent/AU2003252395A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-08-05 WO PCT/JP2003/009910 patent/WO2004017997A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2003-08-05 CA CA2501719A patent/CA2501719C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-05 CN CNB038185911A patent/CN100345593C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-05 JP JP2004530543A patent/JP4483581B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-05 US US10/523,689 patent/US20060293256A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2008
- 2008-03-17 US US12/049,951 patent/US20080269155A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000080035A (ja) * | 1998-09-02 | 2000-03-21 | National Institute Of Fruit Tree Science | マトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ産生阻害剤 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2378987T3 (es) | 2012-04-19 |
EP1550462B1 (en) | 2012-01-25 |
EP1550462A1 (en) | 2005-07-06 |
WO2004017997A1 (ja) | 2004-03-04 |
JP4483581B2 (ja) | 2010-06-16 |
AU2003252395A1 (en) | 2004-03-11 |
CA2501719A1 (en) | 2004-03-04 |
CA2501719C (en) | 2013-02-05 |
EP1550462A4 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
JPWO2004017997A1 (ja) | 2005-12-08 |
US20080269155A1 (en) | 2008-10-30 |
CN1674937A (zh) | 2005-09-28 |
US20060293256A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN100345593C (zh) | 用于制备肾脏疾病的治疗或预防药物中的用途 | |
CN1154494C (zh) | 腺苷a3受体调节剂 | |
CN100343258C (zh) | 新的4-氨基-5,6-取代的噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶化合物 | |
CN1305850C (zh) | 作为组蛋白脱乙酰酶新颖抑制剂的磺酰基氨基衍生物 | |
CN1714092A (zh) | 作为蛋白激酶抑制剂的噻吩并[3,2-b]吡啶-6-腈和噻吩并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-腈 | |
CN1774265A (zh) | 神经再生药 | |
CN1245402C (zh) | 吲哚衍生物、其制备方法、含有它们的药物组合物及其用途 | |
CN1939307A (zh) | 2,4,6-三氨基-1,3,5-三嗪衍生物 | |
CN1056879A (zh) | 吡咯衍生物及其制备方法 | |
CN1726218A (zh) | 吡咯并嘧啶衍生物 | |
CN1914199A (zh) | 具有蛋白激酶抑制活性的吡啶基或者嘧啶基噻唑化合物 | |
CN1742010A (zh) | 新的化学化合物 | |
CN1537167A (zh) | 酶切范威尔邦德因子(vWF)的蛋白酶 | |
CN1791412A (zh) | 新化合物和它们的治疗用途 | |
CN1606444A (zh) | 人磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶δ抑制剂 | |
CN1173132A (zh) | 二氢嘧啶类化合物及其用途 | |
CN1738797A (zh) | 取代的芳基硫脲和相关的化合物,病毒复制的抑制剂 | |
CN1809565A (zh) | 用于治疗癌症的吡咯并二氢异喹啉 | |
CN1214688A (zh) | 糖修饰的缺口寡核苷酸 | |
CN101065501A (zh) | 确定基因毒性的方法 | |
CN1774243A (zh) | 治疗组合物 | |
CN1993356A (zh) | 作为组蛋白脱乙酰基酶新颖抑制剂的取代丙烯基哌嗪衍生物 | |
CN1550501A (zh) | 抑制人肿瘤坏死因子活性的寡聚核苷酸 | |
CN1934256A (zh) | 针对滑膜蛋白基因启动子的诱杀核酸 | |
CN1639154A (zh) | 可用作atm抑制剂的吡喃酮 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20071031 Termination date: 20170805 |