CN1003277B - Three-line crossbreeding and cultivation technique for cabbage-type rape - Google Patents
Three-line crossbreeding and cultivation technique for cabbage-type rape Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a heterosis utilization method of the cytoplasmic male sterile three lines of cabbage type rape. In the method, a sterile line is propagated by hybridizing a sterile line Shan 2A as a female parent selected and bred and a maintenance line Shan 2B as a male parent selected and bred. A hybrid is obtained by hybridizing the sterile line Shan 2A as a female parent and a restoring line Ken C1 as a male parent. The method provides a matching seed production technique and a high-yield cultivation technique. The obtained hybrid 'Qinyou No. 2' has the characteristics of strong stress resistance, wide adaptability, high yield, stable yield, etc. By testing, the yield per mu is generally from 180 to 220 kilograms, and the yield per mu in high yield fields can reach more than 250 kilograms; compared with the varieties popularized in the production at present, the yield per mu can be increased by 20 to 40%; simultaneously, the hybrid 'Qinyou No. 2' has the advantages of high seed number per pod, healthy and vigorous phyllome, luxuriant vegetative body, strong growth vigor, lodging resistance, disease resistance, etc.
Description
The invention belongs to cabbage type rape cytoplasmic male sterilty three-way cross hybrid use of advantage field.
Rape heterosis utilizes, and closely during the last ten years, all attaches great importance to both at home and abroad.Especially abroad after having solved single, double low fine quality seed selection substantially, many experts think and utilize hybrid vigour to improve output, will be one of mains goal of attack of next stage.Study the approach that utilizes of rape heterosis, hybrid vigor, mainly contain male sterile line, self incompatible line, chemical emasculation etc.At present, though these researchs all obtain certain progress, being used for producing of real success and obtain remarkable benefit person and be not seen in report both at home and abroad as yet.
External rape cytoplasmic male sterile line has following several:
The TCMS male sterile line:
Thompson(1972) reported and utilized Polish spring habit cabbage type rape variety Bronowski and winter rape variety hybridization F
2In obtain the cytoplasmic male sterility strain, form through seed selection and promptly be called the TCMS male sterile line.This male sterile colored obvious characteristics is that petal is narrow, stamen short, has a small amount of pollen grain.The sterile degree of this sterile material is incomplete, and it is modified by environmental factor, as under 20-25 ℃ of higher temperature, pollen can occur.
The SCMS male sterile line:
Shiga and Baba(1971,1973) from the dried pod rape of Japan cultivars Chisayan atane() with Hokur iku23(the north 23) separate the male sterile material that obtains the intervarietal cross combination, be called the SCMS male sterile line, the flower of this male sterile plant shows as little flower pesticide and has a small amount of or do not have pollen grain.Its shortcoming is the same with TCMS, and when temperature is higher (＞20 ℃), performance is unstable, and male sterile line can form the flower that can educate.
More than two male sterile lines, male sterile is incomplete, unstable, environment to pollen fertility influence greatly.
Radish cytoplasmic male sterility:
Ogura(1968) in japanese radish (kind is unclear), find cytoplasmic male sterility, Bannerot(1974) employing is backcrossed for continuous four times, the cell nucleus of wild cabbage is imported among the japanese radish CMS, obtain the wild cabbage cytoplasmic sterile line, form Brassica napus male sterile line with the transformation of repeated backcross method again, be called radish matter male sterile line.The sterile gene performance of the sterile strain of this male sterile line is good, sterility is thoroughly stablized, all kinds can both keep its sterile gene, but this male sterile line fails to find recovery system so far, also exist to lack the problem of chlorophyll and nectary number and the decline of secrete nectar amount simultaneously, so also fail to be used for F
1Seed is produced.
Wall is given birth to two row mustard male sterile lines:
Japan Hinata(1979) breeding Chinese cabbage type cytoplasmic male sterile line in the living two row mustard of the nuclear of Chinese cabbage type importing wall.But to successfully use this male sterile line, need to obtain better maintenance line.And maintenance line relates to the self-affinity problem, so the hybridization of male sterile line and maintenance line becomes the thing of difficulty, so although the researcher has found this system, keep sterility more to be a problem than recovering.
Other cytoplasm male sterility lines:
Rouselle(1981) cell nucleus of cabbage type rape is imported in the black mustard cytoplasm indirectly go, obtained the cabbage type rape male sterile line; Brar.G.S etc. (1980) have reported him and found the male sterile of mustard type rape in mustard type rape intervarietal cross and juncea and Wild cabbage type species hybrid offsprings, and these new sterile materials are also in continuing research.
The research situation of domestic cytoplasm male sterility line: domestic is two families of studying morely that have about cytoplasmic male sterilty three.The one, the academy of agricultural sciences, Sichuan at first finds Chinese cabbage type cytoplasmic male sterilty material nineteen sixty-five, once breeds Ah You A male sterile line, but sterile plant rate, sterile degree and first-filial generation advantage are not strong, can not use on producing; The 2nd, the academy of agricultural sciences, Hunan breeds " Hunan short A system " and educates three and be, also all fails to reach set quota because of sterile plant rate and sterile degree recovery rate, and male sterile line instability, recovery rate are high and influence heterotic performance, come so fail to produce to go up to continue to promote yet.And the male sterile hybrid of apolegamy is also failed by authorization.
Comprehensive above situation both at home and abroad, we think, are aspect the research at cytoplasmic male sterilty three, all fail really to carry out three series mating both at home and abroad, though China is bigger than foreign progress, the applied in any combination of also failing to select high-quality kytoplasm three and be and match out strong advantage is in production.
The objective of the invention is seed selection cabbage type rape cytoplasmic male sterilty three is (male sterile line, maintenance line, recovery system) its strong advantage combination with its apolegamy, make under the prerequisite that hybrid oil content (comparing with current recommended variety) do not reduce, can improve output greatly.
The invention is characterized in seeding technique, seed selection male sterile line Shan 2A does maternal, and maintenance line Shan 2B makes paternal hybrid, the breeding shaan 2a cms.Make female parent with male sterile line Shan 2A, recover system and cultivate C
1Make paternal hybrid, No. two crossbreed of preparation Qin oil, and supporting high-yield culture technique, thus improve rape yield per unit area.
Three is breed standard:
One, Shan 2A:
1, cultivar origin:
Shan 2A1975 matches hybrid combination, breeds in nineteen eighty-three through continuous backcross.
2, feature:
(1), morphological feature: Wild cabbage type, half upright; The drastic crack leaf, the top sliver is round, the lobus cardiacus purple, the leaf look light green, petiole short, vein white, leaf edge sawtooth shape, look purple; Children's stem purple is green, the little purple of tongue stem, tongue phase little bending; Florescence is strong and straight; The bud look yellowish green, shape wrinkle wedge ovum shape; Small-flowered, gynoecium are grown normal, and flower pesticide is triangular shape halberd shape, abortion WUHUAFEN, but that gynoecium can be accepted maintenance line pollen is normally solid, and female stamen relative altitude is greater than 2; Petal cracking is better, and nectary is normal; Branch is even gives birth to.When powder was not awarded in the wet weather influence, the sectional fructification phenomenon took place.
Plant height 150cm, branch position 50cm, effective 7 of branches once, 140 of single effective angle fruits, about 14.0 of every fruit grain numbers, thousand kernel weight 4.0 grams, seed is dark brown, content of erucic acid 46.7%.
(2), biological property: semiwinterness, in the Guanzhong east about the 257 days time of infertility.Fertilizer resistance anti-lodging, growing way is stronger, and more antibiotic nuclear, virus disease are gently felt white blister.
3, output performance: about 50 kilograms of general per mu yields, the high-yield field can reach the 75-100 kilogram.
4, adapt to the area: during close in Shaanxi Province and the Yellow River and Huai He River district all can breed or the preparing hybrid kind.
Two, Shan 2B:
1, cultivar origin: seed selection one-tenth from the kind of introduced variety resource " 6 " in 1974.
2, feature:
(1) morphological feature: Wild cabbage type, half is upright, the drastic crack leaf, the top sliver is round, the lobus cardiacus purple, the leaf look light green, petiole short, vein white, leaf edge sawtooth shape, look purple, young stem purple is green, the little purple of tongue stem.Floral organ is normal, but the bud differentiation is less, angle fruit tubbiness, and branch is even gives birth to.
Plant height 137cm, branch position 25cm, effective 11 of branches once, about 280 of single effective angle fruits, 23 of every fruit grain numbers, thousand kernel weight 3.3 grams, seed is dark brown, content of erucic acid 45.0%.
(2) biological property: semiwinterness, in the Guanzhong east, the 256 days time of infertility, in ripe, anti-fertilizer, anti-fall, growing way is stronger.With male sterile line Shan 2A hybridization, energy 100% keeps the sterile gene of Shan 2A.More antibiotic nuclear, virus disease, sick through feeling white embroidery.
3. output performance: about 150 kilograms of general per mu yields, the high-yield field can reach more than 175 kilograms.
4. adapt to the area: during close in Shaanxi Province and the Yellow River and Huai He River district all can plant.
Three, cultivate C
1:
1, cultivar origin: hybridization in 1974 is bred.
2. feature
(1) morphological feature: Wild cabbage type, nearly grape.Drastic crack leaf, top sliver are longer, and the little purple of lobus cardiacus in seedling stage, blade are smooth, no seta, dark green leaf color, the wax powder is arranged, petiole is short, vein is white, leaf margin is wavy, young stem is pale purple, tongue stem green; Spend orangely, bigger, stamen pollen is many; Branch is even gives birth to, long in the fruit of angle.
Plant height 150cm, branch position 44.0cm, 10 of once effective branches, about 300 of individual plant effective angle fruits, 20.0 of every fruit grain numbers, thousand kernel weight 3.8 grams, the black palm fibre of seed, content of erucic acid 45.0%.
(2) biological property: winter habit.In the 255 days time of infertility of Guanzhong east, cold-resistant anti-fall, growing way is stronger, with male sterile line Shan 2A hybridization, can 100% recovers the sterile gene of Shan 2A.Antitoxin disease, stalk break are gently felt white blister.
3. output performance: 150 kilograms of general per mu yields, the high-yield field can reach more than 200 kilograms.
4. adapt to the area: Shaanxi Province and the Yellow River and Huai He River district all can plant.
The present invention has realized the supporting and heterosis utilization of cabbage type rape cytoplasmic male sterilty " three are ", and its hybrid is compared with conventional variety and mainly contains following advantage:
One, output height: No. two 1983-1984 years of cross rape Qin oil are participated in zone, Shaanxi Province (Central Shanxi Plain group) 6 experimental tests, all volume increase, and output ranks first, 205.4 kilograms of average yield per mus, comparison on average increases production 39.4% according to 147.4 kilograms of No. 3 average yield per mus of Shan oil.Every mu has a net increase of 58 kilograms.1984-1985 all increases production in examination (Central Shanxi Plain group) 8 experimental tests of provinces and regions, Shaanxi, and output still occupies first, 210.9 kilograms of average yield per mus, and comparison on average increases production 20.3% according to 175.3 kilograms of average yield per mus of Qin's oil, and every mu has a net increase of 35.6 kilograms.192.5 kilograms of average yield per mus in provinces and regions, Shaanxi examinations (Central Shanxi Plain group) 9 experimental tests in 1986 according to 156.7 kilograms of average yield per mus of Qin's oil, on average increase production 22.6%, and every mu has a net increase of 35.8 kilograms.No. two, Qin oil is in multiple spot all performance volume increase in the experiment and demonstration for many years, and general per mu yield 180-220 kilogram, and the high-yield field can reach the 250-300 kilogram.
2, leafage is healthy and vigorous, and trophosome is in great numbers, and to every test sampling investigation, cross-bred rape " No. two, Qin's oil " is nourished and grown and every index of reproductive growth is high than the parent all before surviving the winter according to 1984, and the performance main root is profound, the blade hypertrophy, and bud is more.This advantage embodies a concentrated expression of on the single-strain fresh weight.After measured, average fresh weight 186.2 grams of " No. two, Qin's oil " individual plant restrain 54.8 grams of Duoing than parent's male sterile line " Shan 2A " 131.4, and relatively more multiple system " cultivates C
1" many 68.7 grams of 117.5 grams, increase by 49.6% than the two average } than standard variety contrast " No. one, Qin's oil " 127.65 grams, many 58.55 grams increase by 45.87%.The Nanzheng County institute of agricultural sciences measured in 1986 according to another the area, Hanzhong, and " No. two, Qin's oil " in test collar is 2.08cm, than local check variety " Zao rich No. three " the thick 0.45cm of 1.63cm.Before " Qin oil No. two " winter nutrition produce the advantage of length next year elongation also show more tangible.Its this growth and development characteristics is educated strong sprout, next year and is put up the high yield shelf joining before surviving the winter, and is undoubtedly extremely beneficial.Because vigorous nourishing and growing is the prerequisite and the basis of good reproductive growth, so this vigorous growth must be laid material base for high yield.But because its growth is fast, growing way is strong, and plant type is big, should note proper seeding, the rational close planting problem in cultivation.
3. strong stress resistance, wide adaptability." No. two, Qin's oil " another outstanding advantage is anti-disease-resistant.The examination of provinces and regions, 1984-1986 Shaanxi, the lodging phenomenon all takes place in 23 points except that a point is inferior.In demonstration, not only under the yield level of every mu of 200-250 kilogram, do not see the lodging phenomenon, the above output of the yield level of every mu of 250-300 kilogram also only partly has inclination slightly.Aspect anti-stalk break, San Nian district examination average attack rate is 4.91%, and comparison is average low by 1.45% according to kind 6.36%, is one of kind that the incidence of disease is lower in district's examination.In Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Hubei, Anhui etc. economize test, demonstration reflects that all disease resistance is better.
Cross-bred rape " No. two, Qin's oil " seed number per pod height, leafage is healthy and vigorous, and growth potential is strong, resists down anti-disease, and it is had than strong adaptability, can obtain high yield under different liquid manure, different tillage and cultivation condition.
The production of hybrid seeds and culture technique with hybrid " No. two, Qin's oil " is that example is described in detail embodiments of the invention below.
One, three propagation seed making technologies that are
Because the parent's male sterile line Shan 2A and the recovery system of " No. two, Qin's oil " cultivate C
1Be that a growing way is strong, plant type is big, productivity strain preferably, so its production of hybrid seeds can obtain higher output.But general per mu yield crossbreed is more than 50 kilograms.But the general per mu yield male sterile line of male sterile line Shan 2A and maintenance line Shan 2B outbreeding male sterile line is more than 40 kilograms.Because breeding male sterile lines is identical with cross-breeding technology, be the example narration at this seeding technique with No. two hybrids of Qin's oil:
Seeding technique mainly is to take safe isolation, proper seeding, rational close planting, suitable row ratio, adjusting florescence, artificial supplementary pollination, roguing measure, and hybrid purity is good, output is high thereby make.
1, safety is isolated.The male sterile line of Shan 2A is bred with No. two hybrid seedings of Qin oil and is all adopted distance isolation.It is more than 3.5 kilometers that original seed Shan 2A breeds the distance isolation distance, and hybrid seeding distance isolation distance is more than 1.5 kilometers, and its isolated area is not planted non-male parent rape and other crop in cruciferae.In that each is enclosing about 0.5 kilometer of retraction in the rapeseed cultivation district again on the bee colony layout, the potential range that makes honeybee a string of flowers is at least more than 2 kilometers, and can to plant some recoveries in the hybrid seeding isolated area of No. two, Qin's oil be that male parent is cultivated C
1, both having significantly reduced the chance that insect a string of flowers mixes, the male sterile line for the production of hybrid seeds provides pollinia again.Can plant this practice of Shan 2B and measure through field investigation around male sterile line Shan 2A breeding field, it is protected pure rate and can reach about 99%.
2, proper seeding.Past cabbage type rape sowing, before the winter is it is generally acknowledged in the Guanzhong area 〉=0 ℃ effective accumulated temperature is suitable date of seeding for about 1000 ℃.And Shan 2A is a semiwinterness, and is excessive as growing according to this accumulated temperature sowing, bolting excessive growth on the ground, and the underground chaff heart is aging, is unfavorable for cultivating strong sprout and safe overwintering.In the past few years, through experimental observation, date of seeding be arranged in the winter before 〉=0 ℃ effective accumulated temperature 880-940 ℃ be advisable.
3, rational close planting, male parent is plucked tongue, regulates the florescence.Shaanxi area rape flowering is about mid-April, this in period temperature on average at 12-20 ℃, favourable period of rape pollination just.Initial bloom stage is generally-10 days on the 5th April, though this moment, temperature was on the low side, generally there is light rain clear and bright front and back more, and humidity, illumination are all proper, and the pollination ripening rate is fair.But to the last ten-days period in April have more existing wet weather, particularly April and weather such as strong wind, high temperature also often occur before and after low, it is solid unfavorable that male sterile line is pollinated.Given this plant situation, should take (1) to strengthen maternal density of reserved seedlings, impel maternal prematurity, rely on main sequence and one-level branch to strive for high yield.General suitable row than for father and mother this by 1: 2 or 1: 3 row than preparation, 1: 2 row than the time, maternal mu is stayed seedling 8500-9500 strain, male parent mu to stay seedling 3800-4200 strain; 1: 3 row than the time, maternal mu stays seedling 10000-10500 strain, male parent mu stays seedling 2800-3200 strain; (2) because male parent under normal circumstances approximately than maternal prematurity about two days, takes bolting phase male parent every 1 or every 2 methods of plucking tongue, both can make this flower synchronization of father and mother good, guarantee again that full-bloom stage had the pollinia supply.(3) just flower can carry out artificial supplementary pollination to full-bloom stage when the 10-12 when calm, the same day or the next day carry out.Dispose one case prosperous and powerful bee colony pollination by 5 mu of production of hybrid seeds.Do a good job of it the pollination of just spending full-bloom stage by these measures, can bring back an output and the high seed of the full matter of grain about 80%.
4, roguing.Catch the crucial growthdevelopmental stage that can manifest parent typical case proterties, the assorted strain that does not meet parent's characteristic feature is removed, as the phase of surviving the winter can carry out with seedling mutually according to Ye Se.The characteristic feature of this phase is: Shan 2A leaf light green, half is upright, cultivates C
1Bottle green, closely calm; The little purple of bolting phase Shan 2A stem, and cultivate C
1The stem pale green; Initial bloom stage Shan 2A small-flowered, the androecium abortion WUHUAFEN, sterility is thorough, cultivates C
1Big petal, the pattern Huang, stamen is normal, and the big pollen of flower pesticide is full.In impurity elimination, the more lopsided strain in father and mother's one's own profession, short change strain, sick and weak strain are taken out, to guarantee parent's the pure hybrid seed of getting well and preparing high-quality.
Two, the characteristics of No. two, crossbreed Qin oil:
1, cultivar origin
Land-reclaimable science and education center, Shaanxi Province is to cultivate C with Brassica napus male sterile line Shan 2A with recovering
1The male sterile first generation cross-fertilize seed of preparation, former code name be " assorted 37 ", promoted through Shaanxi Province's crop varietal approval committee in 1985, and called after " oily No. two of the Qin ".
2, feature
(1) morphological feature: Wild cabbage type, half is upright; The drastic crack blade profile, the top sliver is round, and seedling leaf color is more dark green, and the phase leaf look of surviving the winter is light green, petiole is longer and sturdy, vein white, and the leaf margin microwave, blade is thicker, cured powder is less, young stem purple, the little purple of tongue stem, the pattern Huang, petal is big, plant height 1.4-1.7 rice, 0.41 meter at branch position, 9.1 of once effective branches, about 300 of individual plant effective angle fruits, 23.5 of every seed number per pods, seed pitchy, thousand kernel weight 3.6 grams.
(2) biological property: semiwinterness, the time of infertility is in the Guanzhong east about 254 days, in ripe, fertilizer resistance anti-lodging, growing way is strong, regularity is good, wide adaptability, is gently felt white blister at more anti-stalk break, virus disease.
(3) attributional analysis result:
Content of erucic acid 45.59%, thioglucose salidroside content 13.05%0 oil content 40.11%.
3, output performance
About 200 kilograms of general per mu yields, the high-yield field can reach the 250-300 kilogram.
4, adapt to the area
The Central Shanxi Plain, Shaanxi Province, Shan Nan and the Yellow River and Huai He River district and some areas, the Yangtze river basin can be planted.
Three, crossbreed " No. two, Qin's oil " high-yield culture technique
" No. two, Qin's oil " is Wild cabbage type semiwinterness cross-bred rape, have that growing way is strong, growth is fast, plant is tall and big, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, rhizome is sturdy, many, the cold-resistant anti-characteristics such as of the numerous grain in angle, if can bring into play its advantage in the cultivation, implement corresponding cultivation techniques, must win high yield.Now following culture technique main points are proposed according to experiment in cultivation in the past few years and production practices:
1, goes up the fertility soil species in the selection and plant, will use sufficient low fertilizer before broadcasting, enrich the phosphorus boron fertilizer, early execute striking root fertilizer.At every mu of total fertilization amount of Guanzhong, purity nitrogen 12-14 kilogram, pure phosphorus 3.5-5 kilogram, 0.5 kilogram of boron fertilizer.
2, proper seeding.Before winter 〉=0 ℃ accumulated temperature 880-940 ℃ for suitable date of seeding, in irrigated land, Guanzhong east, generally-17 days on the 14th September, closes the irrigated land, Midwest-10 days on the 8th September in-10 days on the 6th September of non-irrigated unfertile land, non-irrigated unfertile land 30-September of August 5.
3, adhere to the seeding quality high standard.Reserve rape ground on the basis of Fu Qianshen consumption, will harrow before and after the beginning of autumn and weed soil moisture conservation, first quarter moon carries out seedbed preparation in conjunction with fertilising before broadcasting, and makes it reach good state to be broadcast.0.3 kilogram every mu of the amount of broadcasting is regulated the amount of broadcasting if soil moisture content well also can be mixed urea in 1: 4 ratio, must guard against soil moisture content difference band urea or with too much urea seed dressing, influences germination.About 1 cun of seed level, line-spacing 1.2-1.4 chi or width are capable: wide row 1.8 chis, narrow row 0.9 chi.But low moisture in the soil foot, mouthful moisture in the soil difference trench sowing, shallow earth backing is broadcast favourable the emerging of row suppression after broadcasting.
4, do seedling stage and wintering management well.Rainfall before not emerging, hardening in ground, in time abolish to harden liberation dish seedling.In order to cultivate strong sprout, three, four leaf periods are adhered to final singling.Liquid manure ground stays seedling 1.2-1.3 ten thousand strains for every mu, the drought fertilely every mu stay seedling 1.4-1.5 ten thousand strains, non-irrigated unfertile land 1.6-1.8 ten thousand strains.According to soil fertility and the clear growing way of seedling, determine whether to mend and execute seed manure.If a little less than the soil fertility difference seedling gesture, can mend after the final singling and execute about 10 kilograms in urea, the late November that the good seedling gesture of soil fertility is strong can be executed before rape is survived the winter and be survived the winter fertile about 7 kilograms.To intertill 1-2 time before winter, abolish and harden, eliminate weeds.As find harm such as vegetable aphid, blue flea beetle, striped flea-beetle, turnip sawfly, white butterfly larva.Should be in time with every mu of spray of three powder controls (three powder are chlorophos powder, 1605 powder or Rogor powder) 1-1.5 kilogram.Water the water of surviving the winter, will earth up to early December by the end of November in conjunction with the winter hoe and gather around root, the protection rhizome.Seedling is small and weak and also should train lobus cardiacus again in late December than cold district, in order to safe overwintering.
5, strengthen early spring and middle and later periods management.The beginning of spring, the field piece of all lid lobus cardiacuses will in time unplug lobus cardiacus soil when thawing, and liberation dish seedling, but do not pull down rhizome soil too early prevents that cold in the late spring from enduring cold.Water the water of turning green the last ten-days period in February, executed striking root fertilizer.Execute urea 8-10 kilogram according to every mu of soil fertility, promote the dish seedling early to send out length steady.Spring cultivation weeding 1-2 time.It is anti-to carry out three sprays one at initial bloom stage: promptly spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2% borax, 2% urea and 1500 times of flolimat mixed liquors, 50 kilograms every mu, root sprays fertile double eliminating aphis outward.As occur that damage caused by a drought has an irrigation conditions can water water again one time at initial bloom stage, be beneficial to and increase the angle and increase grain.Spend the back eventually as aphid damage occurs and can perhaps use the dichlorvos fumigation control with 1500 times of flolimats or 2000 times of decis hydrojet controls.
6, seedling raising and transplanting: the organic fertilizer of will satisfying with growing seedlings, seedbed and transplant field area are pressed 1: 5 proportional arrangement, bedside 4 chis, wide 1.2 chis in the ridge were than direct-sowing rape early sowing 7-10 days.The every mu of amount of broadcasting 0.5-0.6 kilogram, 3 true leaf final singlings are stayed seedling 20 strains for every square chi, and 7 leaf phases transplanted, every mu 1.3 ten thousand strain of planting density.Dig seedling with spade during transplanting, reduce and hinder root, with digging with planting.The young plant size classification, roguing is transplanted by level.Also want limit trench digging, limit fertilising, limit to transplant, accomplish that ditch is straight, seedling is spared, bury collar.Will water normal root water after planting, shallow hoe is abolished and is hardened when closing moisture in the soil, and early December is watered the water of surviving the winter.Management is identical with live field later on.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of method of cabbage type rape cytoplasmic male sterilty three-way cross hybrid use of advantage is characterized in that seeding technique seed selection male sterile line Shan 2A makes female parent, maintenance line Shan 2B makes paternal hybrid, the breeding shaan 2a cms; Male sterile line Shan 2A makes female parent, recovers is to cultivate C
1Make paternal hybrid and prepare " No. 2, Qin's oil " crossbreed, take safe isolation, proper seeding, rational close planting, suitable row ratio, adjusting florescence, artificial supplementary pollination, roguing measure.
2, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that safety is isolated into original seed Shan 2A and breeds the distance isolation distance more than 3.5 kilometers, hybrid seeding distance isolation distance is more than 1.5 kilometers, its isolated area is not planted non-male parent rape and other crop in cruciferae, and around male sterile line Shan 2A breeds the field, can plant Shan 2B, around the hybrid seeding field of preparation " No. 2, Qin's oil ", can plant and cultivate C
1
3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that proper seeding, date of seeding arrange the winter before 〉=0 ℃ effective accumulated temperature 880-940 ℃ be advisable.
4, method according to claim 1, the row that it is characterized in that suiting is than being father and mother this 1: 2 or 1: 3.
5, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that rational close planting, 1: 2 row than the time, maternal mu stays seedling 8500-9500 strain, male parent mu stays seedling 3800-4200 strain; 1: 3 row than the time, maternal mu stays seedling 10000-10500 strain, male parent mu stays seedling 2800-3200 strain.
6, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that regulating the florescence to take bolting phase male parent to pluck tongue every 1 or 2 strains, makes this flower synchronization of father and mother good.
7, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that artificial supplementary pollination.Initial bloom stage can carry out artificial spoke when the 10-12 to full-bloom stage and help pollination when calm, the same day or the next day carry out, and by one case prosperous and powerful bee colony pollination of 5 mu of production of hybrid seeds ground configurations.
8, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that roguing, and the assorted strain that does not meet parent's characteristic feature, lopsided strain, short change strain, sick and weak strain are taken out, and guarantees the quality of parental purity, breeding and the production of hybrid seeds.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN86108723.2A CN1003277B (en) | 1986-12-29 | 1986-12-29 | Three-line crossbreeding and cultivation technique for cabbage-type rape |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN86108723.2A CN1003277B (en) | 1986-12-29 | 1986-12-29 | Three-line crossbreeding and cultivation technique for cabbage-type rape |
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| CN86108723A CN86108723A (en) | 1988-07-27 |
| CN1003277B true CN1003277B (en) | 1989-02-15 |
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| CN1039178C (en) * | 1994-02-21 | 1998-07-22 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Cabbage type rape petalless germ plasm selection and breeding technique |
| CN1054260C (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 2000-07-12 | 成都市第二农业科学研究所 | Method for producing seeds of three-line hybrid rape by overcoming micro pollen |
| CN1072888C (en) * | 1996-10-24 | 2001-10-17 | 四川省农业科学院作物研究所 | Tech. for improving pureness of three incross rapeseed |
| CN1105491C (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 2003-04-16 | 安徽省农业科学院作物研究所 | Cabbage type rape recessive nueleus sterility triseries breeding and technology for production of seeds |
| CN103718945A (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2014-04-16 | 仲衍种业股份有限公司 | Nucleic male sterility two lines rape breeding method |
| CN103766209A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2014-05-07 | 浙江省嘉兴市农业科学研究院（所） | Novel selective breeding method for male sterile line of Sichuan preserved pickle cytoplasm brasica napus |
| CN106305412A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-01-11 | 广州市农业科学研究院 | Breeding and cultivating method of three-line hybrid flowering Chinese cabbage |
| CN108207615B (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-03-19 | 德宏州农业技术推广中心(德宏州农业科学研究所) | A kind of three incross rapeseed method |
| CN109699405A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-03 | 成都大美种业有限责任公司 | A kind of research method of bee colony gathering honey scope of activities and mechanics |
| CN111771635B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-07-05 | 贵州省蚕业研究所(贵州省辣椒研究所) | High-yield seed production method of three-line pod peppers |
-
1986
- 1986-12-29 CN CN86108723.2A patent/CN1003277B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1329301C (en) * | 2005-12-31 | 2007-08-01 | 朔州市人民政府 | Process for extracting aluminium hydroxide from flyash |
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