CN106305412A - Breeding and cultivating method of three-line hybrid flowering Chinese cabbage - Google Patents
Breeding and cultivating method of three-line hybrid flowering Chinese cabbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN106305412A CN106305412A CN201610842141.7A CN201610842141A CN106305412A CN 106305412 A CN106305412 A CN 106305412A CN 201610842141 A CN201610842141 A CN 201610842141A CN 106305412 A CN106305412 A CN 106305412A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding and cultivating method of three-line hybrid flowering Chinese cabbage. The breeding method comprises the following steps: seeding: interplanting under an isolation condition according to the row ratio of a male parent to a female parent of 1 to 4, wherein the male parent is seeded earlier than the female parent by 5 to 7 days; pollination: in the early flowering stage, spraying a glucose solution of 1 to 200 which serves as leaf fertilizer once every 3 to 5 days for totally 2 to 3 times, releasing 1,000 to 2,000 bees into a land per mu in the full-blossom period after the leaf fertilizer is sprayed. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the seed production yield can be increased, the seed production cost of the three-line hybrid flowering Chinese cabbage is reduced, and the purity and the tidiness of the species are improved. The shortcomings of varietal complexity, low tidiness, low disease resistance and stress resistance are overcome; application and popularization of the hybrid flowering Chinese cabbage are expanded, and the flowering Chinese cabbage breeding level is increased; according to the characteristics of three-line hybrid Yutian #2 flowering Chinese cabbage, a high-quality and efficient cultivation mode is supplied for production service; the breeding level is increased, and the competitiveness is enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, specifically, relate to numerous system and the cultivation of a kind of triple crossing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis
Method.
Background technology
Tender flower stalk (flowering chinese cabbage) Cruciferae (Cruciferae) Brassica genus Vegetable Crops of Brassica Chinese cabbage is sub-
The mutation planted, formal name used at school Brassica, also known as Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis, dish point.1 year or biennial herb, high 30-50 centimetre, Quan Tiwu
Hair；Stem is upright or rises.Basal leaf oblong or width egg shape, long 6-8 centimetre, wide 2-3 centimetre, top is circular, and Quan Yuan has width
Middle arteries and veins and obvious lateral vein；Petiole is white or green, long 3-4.5 centimetre, slightly has edge；Bottom stem leaf is similar with basal leaf, wide
Avette, petiole non-flanged, do not embrace stem；Other stem leaves are avette, lanceolar or long narrow circle, all have petiole and not in addition to the leaf of top
Embracing stem, other are similar with green vegetable.
A kind of sedge is tender, for stir-frying and eating.In every 100 grams of fresh vegetables, moisture content 94～95 grams, carbohydrate 0.72～1.08 grams, entirely
Nitrogen compound 0.21～0.33 gram, vitamin C 34～39 milligrams.Originate from SOUTHERN CHINA, by Chinese cabbage easy bolting material through long-term
Select and cultivation domestication, and define dissimilar and kind.Mainly it is distributed Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei and Taiwan, Hong Kong
With Macao and other places.There is a small amount of cultivation the city suburbs such as Shanghai, Beijing, Nanjing, Chengdu and Xiamen.
The Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis substantially routine producing at present upper application is planted, due to continuous cropping, the change of weather, variet complexity, disease-resistant
The appearance that resistance is poor, kind cloud on the title etc. is appraised, it is impossible to meet the demand on producing and the effective protection to intellectual property.
Along with scientific research institutions' research to breeding, occur in that hybridization Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis successively, as two is hybridization, triple crossing.Hybridization Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis kind
Application, can be effectively improved its disease-resistant resistance, is the deficiency overcoming existing conventional Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis, but at present owing to hybridizing the production of hybrid seeds of Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis
Yield poorly, cause hybridizing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis and can not get well applying.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved is to improve hybrid seed yield, reduces production cost, it is provided that
Numerous system of a kind of triple crossing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis and cultural method.
The invention discloses a kind of method numerous processed of triple crossing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis, comprise the following steps,
Sowing: by male parent under the conditions of isolation: the row of female parent=1:4 than between is planted, and male parent was than maternal early sowing 5-7 days；
Pollination: coming into bloom, spraying the glucose solution of 1:200, as foliage fertilizer, spraying every 3-5 days once, altogether
Spray 2-3 time, after having sprayed foliage fertilizer, carry out putting honeybee, every mu of ground 1000-2000 head at full-bloom stage.
Further, nursery is carried out before described sowing, then by male parent: the row ratio of female parent=1:4 is transplanted.
Further, the described sowing time is that temperature is when 15-25 DEG C.
Further, described isolation condition does not has other Chinese cabbage group producing in being multiplication fields 1000m radius
With reserve seed for planting, can irrigate, draining, and the front stubble in plot not be the field breeding crop in cruciferae seed.
Further, described male parent is glossy dark green 702B, keeps system for hd08h, and female parent is Radix Raphani matter male sterile material system
GA88。
Further, the selection of described Radix Raphani matter male sterile material system GA88 and hd08h is: described Radix Raphani matter is male
Sterile material system GA88 and holding are that the selection of hd08h is: with Chinese cabbage Radix Raphani matter male sterile material Ogu-CMS
For female parent, stablizing the excellent hd08h-1 of Comprehensive Traits with continuous selfing 6 generation is that paternal hybrid obtains F1, F1 and is all sterile line, then
It is that recurrent parent backcrossed for 6 generations with hd08h-1, it is thus achieved that Radix Raphani matter male sterile material system GA88 and holding are hd08h.
Further, the selection of described glossy dark green 702B is: by selfing orthoselection glossy dark green 702-A seven generation, it is thus achieved that
Glossy dark green 702B.
The invention also discloses the cultural method of a kind of triple crossing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis, comprise the following steps:
Seeding and seedling raising: sow when temperature 15-25 DEG C, every mu of sowing quantity 100 grams；
Transplanting: the Growth of Brassica Parachinensis phase is short, just spend 45 days from being seeded into, so must note transplanting in good time, seedling age is at 15-18
It is transplantation, seeding row spacing 15 × 18 centimetres, prevents seedling from crossing old and excessive growth；
Rich water quality management: after field planting survives, drenches fertilising water, drenched every 5-7 days and executes once, and even pouring twice, second time strengthens
Fertile amount, promotes the growth of tender flower stalk, improves the yield and quality；
Pest management: the disease-resistant strong stress resistance of Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis, it is sick, insect pest occurs less, and its management is planted routinely and managed；
Gather: neat mouth flower can be gathered, and general a kind of sedge is high 20 centimetres, opens 4-5 little Hemerocallis citrina Baroni, stay base leaf segment position 5 to save-6 joints, adopt
Drenching fertilising water after harvesting main a kind of sedge, promote side a kind of sedge germination and growth, side a kind of sedge 5-7 bar of can gathering, total output reaches 2000 kgs/acre；
Further, rich water quality management and the water of pouring fertilising described in step of gathering drench for compound fertilizer or decomposed manure being soaked
Execute.
Further, described compound fertilizer 20 kgs/acre or decomposed manure 200-500 kg/acre.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can obtain and include techniques below effect:
1) method of the present invention can improve hybrid seed yield, reduces triple crossing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis (Yutian 2 Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis) breeding cost,
Improve purity and the regularity of kind.Overcoming the existing conventional variet complexity planting existence, regularity is the highest, and disease-resistant resistance is not
The defect such as strong.
2) method of the present invention expands the application of hybridization Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis, improves Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis breeding level.According to triple crossing
The feature of " Yutian 2 Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis " kind, it is provided that high-quality and efficient cultivation mode, for producing service.
3) method of the present invention improves breeding level, enhances the competitiveness.
Certainly, the arbitrary product implementing the present invention must be not necessarily required to reach all the above technique effect simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, thereby to the present invention how application technology hands below in conjunction with embodiment
Section solves technical problem and reaches the process that realizes of technology effect and can fully understand and implement according to this.
Numerous system of embodiment one " Yutian 2 " triple crossing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis and cultivation method for matching
(1) selection-breeding that maternal (sterile line) and holding is
Utilization is stable, sterile thoroughly, light, the Chinese cabbage Radix Raphani matter male sterile material Ogu-CMS of temperature control are not
Female parent, stablizing Comprehensive Traits excellent " hd08h-1 " with continuous selfing 6 generation is that paternal hybrid obtains F1, F1 and is all sterile line, then
It is that recurrent parent backcrossed for 6 generations with " hd08h-1 ", it is thus achieved that GA88 sterile line is maternal and keeps system " hd08h ".
(2) selection-breeding of male parent
By selfing orthoselection " glossy dark green 702-A " 7 generations, it is thus achieved that " glossy dark green 702B " is " Yutian 2 " male parent.Its petiole
Short, tender flower stalk is sturdy, and leaf, the glossy dark green glossiness of a kind of sedge color are good, and bouquet is big, and a kind of sedge leaf is narrow avette, and yield is high, and commodity Comprehensive Traits is good.
(3) numerous system of " Yutian 2 " hybridization Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis
1. Environment temperature is sowed at about 15-25 DEG C, and generally Chinese Guangdong autumn sowing is (annual the most extremely
At the beginning of 12 months) or Gansu, China Lanzhou summer sowing (annual by the end of April), all it is not suitable for sowing during less than 5 DEG C or higher than 35 DEG C.
Under the conditions of isolation, (Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis multiplication fields does not has other Chinese cabbage group producing and staying within 1000m radius
Kind.Select to fill, the energy loam of draining or the plot of sandy loam, and require that the front stubble in plot can not be to breed similar crop seed
Field, mix or use greenhouse booth to breed in order to avoid omitting to cause after stubble seedling under seed in the ground), employing Radix Raphani matter is male
Sterile material system GA88 is maternal, and " hd08h ", for keeping system, glossy dark green 702B is male parent, by male parent: female parent be the row ratio of 1:4 (OK
Quantity than) breeding.Male parent should be than maternal early sowing 5-7 days.With good conditionsi preferably carry out nursery, then by male parent: female parent is 1:4
Row than transplant.
2. coming into bloom, using white sugar (glucose) to be watered 1:200 times of liquid and make Foliar Spraying, every 3-5 days even
Spray once, altogether two to three times (if fine, spraying twice, stop spraying before full-bloom stage) of spray.Spray blade face
After fertilizer, carry out putting honeybee, every mu of ground 1000-2000 head at full-bloom stage.According to test statistics (being shown in Table 1), so process and per mu yield can reach 40
Kilogram, reducing artificial pollination labour force 0.5 people/mu, breeding yield increases production 20-60% than conventional hybridization Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis breeding, thus drops
Low breeding cost.
Table 1 conventional hybridization is bred with triple crossing and is compared
Embodiment two " Yutian 2 " cultivation method for matching
1. begin sowing in good time nursery: ambient air temperature 15-25 DEG C (such as late September-early December of plains region, Guangdong and next
Year March-April) national vegetable grown place all can plant, every mu of sowing quantity 100 grams.Less than 5 DEG C or higher than 35 DEG C time be not suitable for
Sowing.
Transplant: No. 2 Growth of Brassica Parachinensis phases of Yutian are short the most in good time, just spend 45 days, so must note moving in good time from being seeded into
Planting, seedling age was transplantation at 15-18 days, seeding row spacing 15 × 18 centimetres, prevented seedling from crossing old and excessive growth.
3. rich water quality management: after field planting survives, executes compound fertilizer or decomposed manure immersion pouring, and every mu of sealing fertilizer 20 is public
Jin or decomposed manure 200-500 kilogram, drenched every 5-7 days and execute once, drench continuously and execute 2 times, and the 2nd time (squaring period) strengthens fertilizer
Amount, promotes the growth of tender flower stalk, improves the yield and quality.
4. pest management: " Yutian 2 " disease-resistant strong stress resistance of Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis, it is sick, insect pest occurs less, and its management is routinely
Plant and manage.
5. timely collecting: neat mouth flower can be gathered, and general a kind of sedge is high 20 centimetres, opens 4-5 little Hemerocallis citrina Baroni.Stay base leaf segment position 5 save-
6 joints, drench rich water, promote side a kind of sedge germination and growth after main a kind of sedge of having gathered, side a kind of sedge 5-7 bar of can gathering, total output reaches 2000 kgs/acre.
The method of the present invention can improve hybrid seed yield, reduces triple crossing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis (Yutian 2 Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis) breeding cost, carries
The purity of high kind and regularity.Overcoming the existing conventional variet complexity planting existence, regularity is the highest, and disease-resistant resistance is the strongest
Etc. defect.Expand the application of hybridization Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis, improve Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis breeding level." Yutian 2 Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis " according to triple crossing
The feature of kind, it is provided that high-quality and efficient cultivation mode, for producing service.Improve breeding level, enhance the competitiveness.
As employed some vocabulary in the middle of description and claim to censure special component or method.Art technology
Personnel are it is to be appreciated that same composition may be called with different nouns in different regions.This specification and claims are not
In the way of the difference of title is used as distinguishing composition." comprising " as mentioned by the middle of description and claim in the whole text is
One open language, therefore " comprise but be not limited to " should be construed to." substantially " refer in receivable range of error, this area
Technical staff can solve described technical problem in the range of certain error, basically reaches described technique effect.Description is follow-up
It is described as implementing the better embodiment of the present invention, for the purpose of right described description is the rule so that the present invention to be described, not
In order to limit the scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is when being as the criterion depending on the defined person of claims.
Also, it should be noted term " includes ", " comprising " or its any other variant are intended to nonexcludability
Comprise, so that include that the commodity of a series of key element or system not only include those key elements, but also include the most clearly
Other key elements listed, or also include the key element intrinsic for this commodity or system.In the feelings not having more restriction
Under condition, statement " including ... " key element limited, it is not excluded that in the commodity including described key element or system also
There is other identical element.
Described above illustrate and describes some preferred embodiments of the present invention, but as previously mentioned, it should be understood that the present invention
Be not limited to form disclosed herein, be not to be taken as the eliminating to other embodiments, and can be used for other combinations various,
Amendment and environment, and can be in invention contemplated scope described herein, by above-mentioned teaching or the technology of association area or knowledge
It is modified.And the change that those skilled in the art are carried out and change are without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the most all should be at this
In the protection domain of bright claims.
Claims (10)
1. the method numerous processed of triple crossing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Sowing: by male parent under the conditions of isolation: the row of female parent=1:4 than between is planted, and male parent was than maternal early sowing 5-7 days；
Pollination: coming into bloom, spraying the glucose solution of 1:200, as foliage fertilizer, spraying every 3-5 days once, spray altogether
2-3 time, after having sprayed foliage fertilizer, carry out putting honeybee, every mu of ground 1000-2000 head at full-bloom stage.
2. the method numerous processed of triple crossing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that carry out nursery before described sowing,
Then by male parent: the row ratio of female parent=1:4 is transplanted.
3. the method numerous processed of triple crossing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the described sowing time is that temperature exists
When 15-25 DEG C.
4. the method numerous processed of triple crossing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described isolation condition is multiplication fields
Do not have other Chinese cabbage group producing and reserving seed for planting in 1000m radius, can irrigate, draining, and the front stubble in plot is not
Breed the field of crop in cruciferae seed.
5. the method numerous processed of triple crossing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described male parent is glossy dark green 702B,
Keeping system for hd08h, female parent is Radix Raphani matter male sterile material system GA88.
6. the method numerous processed of triple crossing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that described Radix Raphani matter male sterility material
Material system GA88 and keep being that the selection of hd08h is: be maternal with Chinese cabbage Radix Raphani matter male sterile material Ogu-CMS,
Stablizing the excellent hd08h-1 of Comprehensive Traits with continuous selfing 6 generation is that paternal hybrid obtains F1, F1 and is all sterile line, then with
Hd08h-1 is that recurrent parent backcrossed for 6 generations, it is thus achieved that Radix Raphani matter male sterile material system GA88 and holding are hd08h.
7. the method numerous processed of triple crossing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the selection-breeding side of described glossy dark green 702B
Method is: by selfing orthoselection glossy dark green 702-A seven generation, it is thus achieved that described glossy dark green 702B.
8. the cultural method of triple crossing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Seeding and seedling raising: sow when temperature 15-25 DEG C, every mu of sowing quantity 100 grams；
Transplant: seedling age 15-18 days is transplantation, seeding row spacing 15 × 18 centimetres；
Rich water quality management: after field planting survives, drenches fertilising water, drenched every 5-7 days and executes once, even pouring twice, and second time strengthens fertilizer amount；
Pest management: conventional pest management；
Gather: neat mouth flower can be gathered, and a kind of sedge is high 20 centimetres, opens 4-5 little Hemerocallis citrina Baroni, stay base leaf segment position 5 to save-6 joints, main a kind of sedge of having gathered
Rear pouring rich water, side a kind of sedge 5-7 bar of can gathering.
9. the cultural method of triple crossing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that rich water quality management and gathering in step
The described fertilising water that drenches is executed for pouring of compound fertilizer or decomposed manure being soaked.
10. the cultural method of triple crossing Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that described compound fertilizer 20 kgs/acre
Or decomposed manure 200-500 kg/acre.
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| CN201610842141.7A CN106305412A (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2016-09-22 | Breeding and cultivating method of three-line hybrid flowering Chinese cabbage |
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| CN201610842141.7A CN106305412A (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2016-09-22 | Breeding and cultivating method of three-line hybrid flowering Chinese cabbage |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113767844A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-12-10 | 广州市农业科学研究院 | Seed production method of cabbage hybrid |
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Application publication date: 20170111 |