CN103718945A - Nucleic male sterility two lines rape breeding method - Google Patents
Nucleic male sterility two lines rape breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103718945A CN103718945A CN201210383501.3A CN201210383501A CN103718945A CN 103718945 A CN103718945 A CN 103718945A CN 201210383501 A CN201210383501 A CN 201210383501A CN 103718945 A CN103718945 A CN 103718945A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the rape breeding technical field, and especially belongs to the nucleic male sterility two lines rape breeding technical field. A male nucleic male sterility two lines rape breeding process comprise the processes of sowing, transplanting, scientifically fertilizing, removing impurity in field, managing at florescence and harvesting; during a florescence management process, honeybees are bred before three days of an initial blooming period, enough honeybee feed is provided, and the bloomed flowers are picked up at the initial blooming period; fertile plants can be artificially picked at an end blooming period, and bloomed flowers on the fertile plants can be also picked, and the hybridization seed on the fertile plants can be harvested at a maturity period, wherein the seed can be a sterile line of the seed production for next year. The nucleic male sterility two lines rape breeding method has the advantages that 1) the pollen pollution can be effectively eliminated by picking the bloomed flowers at the initial blooming period and end blooming period, the male sterility in male nucleic male sterility two lines can be increased to more than 49.5%, work difficulty during the seed production is mitigated, and the work efficiency is increased; and 2) honeybee breeding can increase the outcrossing rate and increase the seed production output.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rape propagation technique field, especially belong to gms two-line system rape propagation technique field.
Background technology
Rape is one of main in the world oil crop.Rape is Chinese heterosis utilization the most successful model after paddy rice, realizes at first three series mating in the world, Hybrid is applied to produce at first.Compare with other field crop, rape heterosis utilization has outstanding feature: hybrid vigour is strong, obvious effect of increasing production; Hybrid seeds technology is easy to grasp, and hybrid seed yield is high and stable; Reproduction coefficient is high, and seed costs is low.The supply of China's cross-bred rape seed on market at present can be divided into two large classes: a class is the three-tine hybrid rape of nucleo_cytoplasmic interaction, and it is comprised of male sterile line, maintainer and restorer respectively; Another kind of is male nuclear sterile double-line hybrid rape, and it is comprised of the dual-purpose system of male nuclear sterile and restorer.Three-tine hybrid rape is a micro-pollen difficult problem because male sterile line exists, and land for growing field crops does not increase by kind of a purity quality, and hybrid seed land for growing field crops output is difficult to improve, and male sterile line, maintainer, restorer are all single-minded in addition, and this has more increased the difficulty of breeding.It can be divided into again male dominant genic male sterile double-line hybrid rape and male recessive cytoblast sterile double-line hybrid rape male nuclear sterile double-line hybrid rape.Male dominant genic male sterile, its benefit is to make the sterile rate of male sterile line of lower generation reach 100% by temporary maintainer line, and does not adopt artificial removal to go out fertile plant, just can directly produce hybrid seed.But also have temporary maintainer line, the single-minded problem of restorer, breeding difficulty is larger.The dual-purpose system of male nuclear sterile is comprised of 50% fertile plant and 50% sterile strain in theory, and the sterile proterties of the sterile strain in the dual-purpose system of male nuclear sterile is controlled by heredity, not affected by external condition, and sterile proterties is stable.Staminody is thorough, and selfing can not be solid.The floral organ of fertile plant is normal, can self-fertility.Choose isolation, the dual-purpose system of male nuclear sterile is planted together, give free rein to pollination, receive the seed of cross-fertile in sterile strain, in lower generation, will be still the dual-purpose system of male nuclear sterile, and the ratio of fertile plant, sterile strain should be 1:1 in theory.But in actual breeding and production, be subject to the factors such as isolation condition and insect pollination to cause foreign pollen to affect, add the factor impacts such as erroneous judgement of impurity elimination identification, actual sterile plant rate only has 45% left and right, and double-line hybrid rape will remove the fertile plant of 55% left and right when the production of hybrid seeds, and requires all fertile plants before rape is just spent, to have gone, the residual fertile plant in field can not surpass 5/10000ths, require whole impurity elimination process, fertile plant is bloomed and can not be gone here and there powder, and this has increased production of hybrid seeds difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to make up that traditional male nuclear sterile is dual-purpose ties up in reproductive process, need to pull out the deficiency of about 55% fertile plant, thereby reach, alleviate work difficulty, increase hybrid seed yield, guarantee the object of seed quality.
The present invention is in order to address the above problem, and the technical scheme of taking is: the reproductive process that male nuclear sterile two is comprises: sow → transplant → apply fertilizers scientifically → rogueing → blooming period management → sowing, it is characterized in that:
In blooming period management process, just spend first three day to put honeybee in a suitable place to breed, and throwing in enough ambrosia, during to first flower, remove open flower; Eventually during flower, manually pull out fertile plant, and remove in sterile strain still at open flower, the sail angle fruit maturing stage is received the seed of cross-fertile in sterile strain, as the male sterile line of production of hybrid seeds next year.
Pull out fertile plant, carry out in two steps, first at rape flower bud a kind of sedge phase to initial bloom stage, pull out the special-shaped hybrid strain that growing way difference is large, and large sterile, the fertile plant of phenotypic difference; Second totally strikes off up hill and dale the fertile plant in residue sterile line propagation ground before the whole florescence, can guarantee like this breeding quality of male sterile line.
The invention has the advantages that: (1) removes open flower by initial bloom stage and whole florescence, effectively getting rid of foreign pollen pollutes, sterile plant rate in the dual-purpose system of male nuclear sterile can be brought up to more than 49.5%, the work difficulty while having alleviated the production of hybrid seeds, has improved operating efficiency; (2) putting honeybee in a suitable place to breed can increase outcrossing seed-setting rate, improves hybrid seed yield.
Embodiment
Male nuclear sterile is dual-purpose is parent's reproductive process:
(1) sowing.Select smooth, fertile, loose, on the sunny side, water source is convenient, front stubble was not planted the plot of rape and other crop in cruciferae last year as ground, seedbed.Seedbed is 1:5 with the ratio of transplanting land for growing field crops area.Meticulous whole ground, uses sufficient base fertilizer.During sowing, accomplish evenly, to divide and broadcast sowing for 2～3 times, accomplish to broadcast even, shallow lid, do not reveal seed.
(2) transplant.Rape transplanting time, cultivation is opened at the 4 leaf half transplanting scenes of employing simultaneously, and 6 leaves finish.Meticulously in land for growing field crops use sufficient on the basis of base fertilizer wholely, transplant.Technical done a good job of it following some: when one, getting seedling, do not hinder root, multi-band mulch soil.For having got seedling, in seedbed when arid, get seedling the first day and water permeablely, while getting seedling, do not hinder root.Two, meticulous transplanting.During transplanting, accomplish " row will be planted directly, and root will be planted surely, will just plant "; " limit lifting, transplant on limit, normal root water is watered on limit " and " plant new talent and do not plant seedling overnight ".
(3) apply fertilizers scientifically.According to soil testing result and Production of Rapeseed regulation of fertilizer requirement, carry out nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium rational application of fertilizers, change the blindly custom of fertilising, single fertilising, improve fertilization effect.Heavy dressing bottom application, early executes and carries seed manure, executes ingeniously flower bud a kind of sedge fertile.
(4) rogueing.Remove three class seedlings, excessive growth seedling, weak seedling etc.Especially, in rape flower bud a kind of sedge phase, to flowering stage, should carry out field impurity elimination thoroughly in a large number, rogue, go weak work, now, all features of rape variety are expressed fully, can identify the hybrid strain in parent propagation field, special-shaped strain completely; Tackle simultaneously multiplication plot around the crop in cruciferae in 1000 meters remove thoroughly.For the hybrid strain clearing out, abnormity, crop in cruciferae, should all transport breeding isolated area or deactivation on the spot from multiplication plot.
(5) blooming period management
In blooming period management process, just spending first three sky to put honeybee in a suitable place to breed, and throw in enough ambrosia, during to first flower, remove open flower, while spending eventually, manually pull out fertile plant and remove in sterile strain still at open flower, the sail angle fruit maturing stage is received the seed of cross-fertile in sterile strain, as the male sterile line of production of hybrid seeds next year.
Pull out fertile plant, carry out in two steps, first at rape flower bud a kind of sedge phase to initial bloom stage, pull out the special-shaped hybrid strain that growing way difference is large, and large sterile, the fertile plant of phenotypic difference; Second totally strikes off up hill and dale the fertile plant in residue sterile line propagation ground before the whole florescence, can guarantee like this breeding quality of male sterile line.
(6) sowing.During the angle fruit maturing stage, receive the seed of cross-fertile in sterile strain, as the male sterile line of production of hybrid seeds next year.
Next year, investigation result between seed farm showed that sterile plant rate is 49.5%, than traditional propagation method (initial bloom stage and whole florescence are not removed open flower), nearly 5 percentage points have been improved, greatly alleviated the workload of field removal fertile plant, increased hybrid seed yield, production cost is whole to be reduced more than 15%, productivity effect improves more than 20% simultaneously, and has effectively guaranteed production safety.
Claims (2)
1. a gms two-line system rape propagation method, the reproductive process that male nuclear sterile two is comprises: sow → transplant → apply fertilizers scientifically → rogueing → blooming period management → sowing, it is characterized in that: in blooming period management process, just spending first three sky to put honeybee in a suitable place to breed, and throw in enough ambrosia, during to first flower, remove open flower; Eventually during flower, manually pull out fertile plant, and remove in sterile strain still at open flower, the sail angle fruit maturing stage is received the seed of cross-fertile in sterile strain, as the male sterile line of production of hybrid seeds next year.
2. a kind of gms two-line system rape propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: pull out fertile plant, carry out in two steps, first at rape flower bud a kind of sedge phase to initial bloom stage, pull out the special-shaped hybrid strain that growing way difference is large, and large sterile, the fertile plant of phenotypic difference; Second totally strikes off up hill and dale the fertile plant in residue sterile line propagation ground before the whole florescence, can guarantee like this breeding quality of male sterile line.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210383501.3A CN103718945A (en) | 2012-10-11 | 2012-10-11 | Nucleic male sterility two lines rape breeding method |
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| CN201210383501.3A CN103718945A (en) | 2012-10-11 | 2012-10-11 | Nucleic male sterility two lines rape breeding method |
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| CN103718945A true CN103718945A (en) | 2014-04-16 |
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| CN201210383501.3A Pending CN103718945A (en) | 2012-10-11 | 2012-10-11 | Nucleic male sterility two lines rape breeding method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113455379A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-10-01 | 贵州省油料研究所(贵州省香料研究所) | Planting method for improving seed production yield of recessive genic male sterile two-line rape |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN86108723A (en) * | 1986-12-29 | 1988-07-27 | 陕西省农垦科技教育中心 | Cabbage type rape ternary hybridization and culture technique |
| CN1155373A (en) * | 1996-01-22 | 1997-07-30 | 贵州省油料科学研究所 | Method for plantation of rape seeds of two lines with recessive nuclear sterility |
| CN1390445A (en) * | 2001-06-12 | 2003-01-15 | 华中农业大学 | Two-line male-sterile assortive breeding method by recessive karyon plus ecological cytoplasm for cross dominance of rape |
| CN101422133A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-05-06 | 华中农业大学 | Cabbage type rape self-incompatibility two-line hybrid seed-selection method |
| EP2060251A1 (en) * | 2007-11-17 | 2009-05-20 | Cognis IP Management GmbH | Method for manufacturing active agent concentrates |
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2012
- 2012-10-11 CN CN201210383501.3A patent/CN103718945A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN86108723A (en) * | 1986-12-29 | 1988-07-27 | 陕西省农垦科技教育中心 | Cabbage type rape ternary hybridization and culture technique |
| CN1155373A (en) * | 1996-01-22 | 1997-07-30 | 贵州省油料科学研究所 | Method for plantation of rape seeds of two lines with recessive nuclear sterility |
| CN1390445A (en) * | 2001-06-12 | 2003-01-15 | 华中农业大学 | Two-line male-sterile assortive breeding method by recessive karyon plus ecological cytoplasm for cross dominance of rape |
| EP2060251A1 (en) * | 2007-11-17 | 2009-05-20 | Cognis IP Management GmbH | Method for manufacturing active agent concentrates |
| CN101422133A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-05-06 | 华中农业大学 | Cabbage type rape self-incompatibility two-line hybrid seed-selection method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 宋来强等: "甘蓝型油菜显性核不育基因及恢复基因的等位性分析", 《中国农业科学》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113455379A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-10-01 | 贵州省油料研究所(贵州省香料研究所) | Planting method for improving seed production yield of recessive genic male sterile two-line rape |
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Application publication date: 20140416 |