ATE200104T1 - Verfahren zur korrosionsinhibierung in wässrigen systemen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur korrosionsinhibierung in wässrigen systemen

Info

Publication number
ATE200104T1
ATE200104T1 AT95306347T AT95306347T ATE200104T1 AT E200104 T1 ATE200104 T1 AT E200104T1 AT 95306347 T AT95306347 T AT 95306347T AT 95306347 T AT95306347 T AT 95306347T AT E200104 T1 ATE200104 T1 AT E200104T1
Authority
AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
amino acids
corrosion
aqueous systems
acids
poly
Prior art date
Application number
AT95306347T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Bennet Freeman
William Mathis Hann
Yi Hyon Paik
Graham Swift
Original Assignee
Rohm & Haas
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rohm & Haas filed Critical Rohm & Haas
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ATE200104T1 publication Critical patent/ATE200104T1/de

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/54—Compositions for in situ inhibition of corrosion in boreholes or wells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3719—Polyamides or polyimides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
    • C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
    • C23F11/173—Macromolecular compounds
AT95306347T 1994-09-12 1995-09-11 Verfahren zur korrosionsinhibierung in wässrigen systemen ATE200104T1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/304,063 US5531934A (en) 1994-09-12 1994-09-12 Method of inhibiting corrosion in aqueous systems using poly(amino acids)

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ATE200104T1 true ATE200104T1 (de) 2001-04-15

Family

ID=23174905

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AT95306347T ATE200104T1 (de) 1994-09-12 1995-09-11 Verfahren zur korrosionsinhibierung in wässrigen systemen

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US5531934A (de)
EP (1) EP0700987B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH08100279A (de)
CN (1) CN1076395C (de)
AT (1) ATE200104T1 (de)
AU (1) AU704725B2 (de)
BR (1) BR9503966A (de)
CA (1) CA2158117A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69520471T2 (de)
PH (1) PH31543A (de)

Families Citing this family (67)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR9503967A (pt) * 1994-09-12 1996-09-24 Rohm & Haas Processo de inibição da formação de incrustação
DE4439193A1 (de) * 1994-11-03 1996-05-09 Bayer Ag Mischung zur Korrosionshemmung von Metallen
US5607623A (en) * 1995-03-08 1997-03-04 Donlar Corporation Inhibition of carbon dioxide corrosion of metals
DE19526089A1 (de) * 1995-07-18 1997-01-23 Bayer Ag Waschverfahren mit Polycarbonsäuresalzen
DE19603027A1 (de) * 1996-01-29 1997-07-31 Baker Hughes Ltd Verwendung von mit Aminen hydrophob modifizierten Polyasparaginsäuren als Korrosionsinhibitoren bei der Erdöl- und Erdgasgewinnung
DE19603026A1 (de) * 1996-01-29 1997-07-31 Baker Hughes Ltd Verwendung von Mischungen aus Aminphosphaten und Polyasparaginsäure oder Asparaginsäure-Copolykondensaten als Scale-Inhibitoren bei der Erdöl- und Erdgasgewinnung
CA2205717C (en) 1996-07-16 2007-02-27 Nalco Chemical Company Biodegradable poly(amino acid)s derivatized amino acid polymers and methods for making same
US5750070A (en) * 1996-07-19 1998-05-12 Nalco Chemical Company Use of biodegradable polymers in preventing corrosion and scale build-up
US5929198A (en) * 1996-07-16 1999-07-27 Nalco Chemical Company Biodegradable poly (amino acid)s, derivatized amino acid polymers and methods for making same
US5750037A (en) * 1996-10-15 1998-05-12 Nalco Chemical Company Use of tartronic acid as an oxygen scavenger
US5981691A (en) * 1997-04-23 1999-11-09 University Of South Alabama Imide-free and mixed amide/imide thermal synthesis of polyaspartate
DE19721346A1 (de) * 1997-05-22 1998-11-26 Henkel Kgaa Verwendung von Asparaginsäure-haltigen Polymeren zusammen mit Hydroxycarbonsäuren zur Korrosionsinhibierung in Kühlkreisläufen
US6407053B1 (en) * 1997-08-08 2002-06-18 The Procter & Gamble Company Laundry detergent compositions with amino acid based polymers to provide appearance and integrity benefits to fabrics laundered therewith
AT408103B (de) * 1998-06-24 2001-09-25 Aware Chemicals Llc Verfahren zur vorbehandlung eines metallischen werkstückes für eine lackierung
US6585933B1 (en) 1999-05-03 2003-07-01 Betzdearborn, Inc. Method and composition for inhibiting corrosion in aqueous systems
US6277302B1 (en) 1998-10-21 2001-08-21 Donlar Corporation Inhibition of metal corrosion
US6207079B1 (en) * 1999-01-28 2001-03-27 Ashland Inc. Scale and/or corrosion inhibiting composition
US6447717B1 (en) 1999-06-04 2002-09-10 Donlar Corporation Composition and method for inhibition of metal corrosion
CN1174011C (zh) * 2000-07-28 2004-11-03 大日本油墨化学工业株式会社 吸水性材料及使用其的吸收性物品
US6866797B1 (en) 2000-08-03 2005-03-15 Bj Services Company Corrosion inhibitors and methods of use
CA2398425A1 (en) * 2001-09-04 2003-03-04 Rohm And Haas Company Process for inhibiting metallic corrosion in aqueous systems
CA2398934A1 (en) * 2001-09-04 2003-03-04 William M. Hann Inhibiting metallic corrosion in aqueous systems
JP4089648B2 (ja) * 2004-03-31 2008-05-28 栗田工業株式会社 腐食防止方法
CA2599940C (en) * 2005-03-04 2011-11-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Automatic dishwashing composition with corrosion inhibitors
US8246857B2 (en) * 2005-12-02 2012-08-21 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Chemical composition useful as corrosion inhibitor
CN100457974C (zh) * 2006-01-19 2009-02-04 重庆大学 一种金属酸洗缓蚀剂及其制备方法
EP1886976A1 (de) * 2006-08-09 2008-02-13 Thermphos Trading GmbH Methode zur Verhinderung der Ablagerungen
DE102007041204B3 (de) * 2007-08-31 2009-04-30 Clariant International Limited Verwendung von Zusammensetzung als Korrosionsinhibitoren enthaltend anionische Tenside und die Zusammensetzungen
MY149644A (en) * 2007-11-09 2013-09-30 Procter & Gamble Cleaning compositions with amphiphilic water-soluble polyalkylenimines having an inner polyethylene oxide block and an outer polypropylene oxide block
JP5561914B2 (ja) * 2008-05-16 2014-07-30 関東化学株式会社 半導体基板洗浄液組成物
US20090302276A1 (en) * 2008-06-09 2009-12-10 Sears Pretroleum & Transport Corporation And Sears Ecological Applications Co., Llc Anticorrosive composition
CN102251245A (zh) * 2011-08-04 2011-11-23 上海电力学院 一种防止循环冷却水中硫离子腐蚀的不锈钢缓蚀剂及其制备方法和应用
GB2496898B (en) 2011-11-25 2020-10-28 Petroliam Nasional Berhad Petronas Corrosion inhibition
CN102627359A (zh) * 2012-04-24 2012-08-08 湖南省电力公司科学研究院 一种含天然可生物降解物的无磷复合缓蚀阻垢剂
US9144538B2 (en) 2013-02-08 2015-09-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Cosmetic compositions containing substituted azole and methods for alleviating the signs of photoaged skin
US9138393B2 (en) 2013-02-08 2015-09-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Cosmetic compositions containing substituted azole and methods for improving the appearance of aging skin
US9290850B2 (en) 2013-10-31 2016-03-22 U.S. Water Services Inc. Corrosion inhibiting methods
JP6433499B2 (ja) 2013-12-10 2018-12-05 ザ ルブリゾル コーポレイションＴｈｅ Ｌｕｂｒｉｚｏｌ Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｉｏｎ 腐食防止剤としてのグリセリド環式カルボン酸無水物付加物の有機塩
CN103820785B (zh) * 2014-01-28 2016-04-06 西安理工大学 用于碳钢的四元复配气相缓蚀剂及其制备方法
CA2956455C (en) 2014-08-08 2021-01-26 Nch Corporation Composition and method for treating white rust
CA2866513A1 (en) * 2014-10-02 2016-04-02 Fluid Energy Group Ltd. Synthetic acid compositions alternatives to conventional acids in the oil and gas industry
CN105198098B (zh) * 2014-11-06 2017-09-15 马鞍山市鸿伟环化有限公司 一种绿色环保型缓蚀阻垢剂的制备方法
CN104528966B (zh) * 2014-12-24 2016-08-24 钟国平 一种铝制换热器的缓蚀阻垢方法
CN104450266A (zh) * 2014-12-25 2015-03-25 常熟市苏搪化工设备制造有限公司 一种环保型化工设备去污剂
BR112018003714B1 (pt) 2015-08-31 2022-09-27 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Método compreendendo composições de ácido pesado que compreendem aminoácidos
ES2951546T3 (es) 2015-11-09 2023-10-23 Lubrizol Corp Composición de revestimiento que comprende aditivos de amina cuaternaria y su uso
CN105780011B (zh) * 2016-03-08 2018-11-13 克拉玛依中科恒信科技有限责任公司 一种含咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶类化合物的缓蚀剂及其制备方法
US10351453B2 (en) 2016-04-14 2019-07-16 Nch Corporation Composition and method for inhibiting corrosion
US11104587B2 (en) 2016-04-14 2021-08-31 Nch Corporation System and method for automated control, feed, delivery verification, and inventory management of corrosion and scale treatment products for water systems
US11085118B2 (en) 2016-04-14 2021-08-10 Nch Corporation Composition and method for inhibiting corrosion and scale
CN107522301B (zh) * 2016-06-20 2020-07-21 中国石油化工股份有限公司 缓蚀剂或缓蚀剂组合物在抑制水腐蚀中的应用
CN107522300A (zh) * 2016-06-20 2017-12-29 中国石油化工股份有限公司 缓蚀剂和缓蚀剂组合物及其制备方法以及其在抑制水腐蚀中的应用和循环水的处理方法
CN109715765B (zh) 2016-07-20 2022-09-30 路博润公司 用于润滑剂中的烷基磷酸酯胺盐
US11384308B2 (en) 2016-07-20 2022-07-12 The Lubrizol Corporation Alkyl phosphate amine salts for use in lubricants
CN117844543A (zh) 2016-09-21 2024-04-09 路博润公司 用于柴油燃料的聚丙烯酸酯消泡组分
US20200017794A1 (en) 2016-09-21 2020-01-16 The Lubrizol Corporation Fluorinated polyacrylate antifoam components for lubricating compositions
CN112105710B (zh) 2018-03-21 2022-08-30 路博润公司 超低粘度(＜5 cst)成品流体中的氟化聚丙烯酸酯消泡剂
CA3004675A1 (en) 2018-05-11 2019-11-11 Fluid Energy Group Ltd. Novel corrosion inhibition composition and fracking method
CN109161899A (zh) * 2018-07-23 2019-01-08 桂林理工大学 用于1045碳钢共晶盐相变蓄冷材料溶液的蛋氨酸/组氨酸复配缓蚀剂的制备方法
CN108977809A (zh) * 2018-07-23 2018-12-11 桂林理工大学 用于1045碳钢共晶盐相变蓄冷材料溶液的蛋氨酸/脯氨酸复配缓蚀剂的制备方法
CN109183042A (zh) * 2018-07-23 2019-01-11 桂林理工大学 用于1045碳钢共晶盐相变蓄冷材料溶液的蛋氨酸缓蚀剂的制备方法
CN109665634A (zh) * 2019-01-30 2019-04-23 上海电力学院 一种高分子阻垢缓蚀剂及其制备方法和应用
WO2021041894A1 (en) 2019-08-28 2021-03-04 ZestBio, Inc. A galactarate based metal sequestration composition
WO2021183230A1 (en) 2020-03-12 2021-09-16 The Lubrizol Corporation Oil-based corrosion inhibitors
CN112501617B (zh) * 2020-11-12 2021-11-23 陕西科技大学 一种双疏水链改性l-组氨酸缓蚀剂及其制备方法和应用
CN114774942A (zh) * 2021-12-29 2022-07-22 苏州盈得化学科技有限公司 一种不锈钢管表面处理剂及其制备方法与应用
CN114314865A (zh) * 2022-01-12 2022-04-12 山东大学 一种具有缓蚀阻垢杀菌的多功能水处理剂及其应用

Family Cites Families (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4588519A (en) * 1982-01-29 1986-05-13 Dearborn Chemical Company Method of inhibiting corrosion of iron base metals
JPS6024384A (ja) * 1983-07-20 1985-02-07 Harima Kasei Kogyo Kk 硬水に安定な腐食防止剤
US4534881A (en) * 1983-12-19 1985-08-13 University Of South Alabama Inhibition of inorganic or biological CaCO3 deposition by poly amino acid derivatives
US4603006A (en) * 1983-12-19 1986-07-29 University Of South Alabama Inhibition of inorganic or biological CaCO3 deposition by synthetic polysaccharide derivatives
US4587021A (en) * 1983-12-19 1986-05-06 University Of South Alabama Inhibition of the formation of inorganic or biological CaCO3 -containing deposits by a proteinaceous fraction obtained from CaCO3 -forming organisms
JPH0751758B2 (ja) * 1986-05-23 1995-06-05 株式会社片山化学工業研究所 金属防食剤
JPH0762263B2 (ja) * 1986-03-06 1995-07-05 株式会社日本触媒 金属の腐蝕抑制剤の製造方法
US4868287A (en) * 1987-08-24 1989-09-19 University Of South Alabama Inhibition of mineral deposition by polyanionic/hydrophobic peptides and derivatives thereof having a clustered block copolymer structure
US5051401A (en) * 1989-04-07 1991-09-24 University Of South Alabama Inhibition of mineral deposition by phosphorylated and related polyanionic peptides
US4971724A (en) * 1990-02-06 1990-11-20 Monsanto Company Process for corrosion inhibition of ferrous metals
WO1991012354A1 (en) * 1990-02-06 1991-08-22 Monsanto Company Compositions and process for corrosion inhibition of ferrous metals
EP0451434B1 (de) * 1990-04-13 1994-08-03 Denac N.V. Verfahren zur Vorbeugung von Ablagerungen und Korrosion in Wasserbehandlungssystemen
IT1240684B (it) * 1990-04-26 1993-12-17 Tecnopart Srl Poliamminoacidi quali builders per formulazioni detergenti
US5328690A (en) * 1991-02-21 1994-07-12 University Of South Alabama Polyamino acid dispersants
US5260272A (en) * 1991-03-29 1993-11-09 University Of South Alabama Polyanionic polyamino acid inhibitors of mineral deposition and their synthesis
FR2675153B1 (fr) * 1991-04-15 1994-07-22 Rhone Poulenc Chimie Composition detergente contenant un biopolymere polyimide hydrolysable en milieu lessiviel.
EP0513948B1 (de) * 1991-05-15 1998-08-12 Hampshire Chemical Corporation Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen, biologisch abbaubare Chelatbildner enthaltend
GB9120653D0 (en) * 1991-09-27 1991-11-06 Procter & Gamble Dispensing agent
EP0561464A1 (de) * 1992-03-20 1993-09-22 Unilever N.V. Polyaminosäuren als Gerüststoffe für Spülhilfsmittel-Zusammensetzungen
EP0561452A1 (de) * 1992-03-20 1993-09-22 Unilever N.V. Zusammensetzung für Geschirrspülmaschinen, die Polyaminosäuren als Gerüststoffe enthalten
US5266237A (en) * 1992-07-31 1993-11-30 Rohm And Haas Company Enhancing detergent performance with polysuccinimide
FR2696473A1 (fr) * 1992-10-06 1994-04-08 Rhone Poulenc Chimie Composition détergente incorporant un biopolymère polyimide hydrolysable en milieu lessiviel.
TW239160B (de) * 1992-10-27 1995-01-21 Procter & Gamble
US5306429A (en) * 1992-10-29 1994-04-26 Srchem, Incorporated Copolymers of polyamino acids as scale inhibition agents
DE4244031A1 (de) * 1992-12-24 1994-06-30 Bayer Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung und Verwendung von Polyasparaginsäure und ihrer Salze
JPH06192693A (ja) * 1992-12-24 1994-07-12 Yuken Kogyo Kk 水系洗浄剤組成物
GB9226942D0 (en) * 1992-12-24 1993-02-17 Procter & Gamble Dispersing agent
WO1994016045A1 (en) * 1993-01-18 1994-07-21 Unilever N.V. Machine dishwashing composition containing a corrosion inhibitor
IT1263963B (it) * 1993-02-24 1996-09-05 Enichem Spa Composizioni per il lavaggio di materiali tessili
DE4319798A1 (de) * 1993-06-15 1994-12-22 Henkel Kgaa Geschirrspülmittel mit verringerter Belagsbildungsneigung
US5389303A (en) * 1993-09-10 1995-02-14 Srchem Incorporated Mixtures of polyamino acids and citrate
US5401428A (en) * 1993-10-08 1995-03-28 Monsanto Company Water soluble metal working fluids
DE4429976A1 (de) * 1994-08-24 1996-02-29 Bayer Ag Sulfonsäuregruppen enthaltende Polyasparaginsäurederivate, ihre Verwendung und Herstellung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PH31543A (en) 1998-11-03
AU704725B2 (en) 1999-04-29
US5531934A (en) 1996-07-02
EP0700987A2 (de) 1996-03-13
CN1123253A (zh) 1996-05-29
BR9503966A (pt) 1996-10-15
AU3050095A (en) 1996-04-04
DE69520471T2 (de) 2001-09-13
EP0700987A3 (de) 1996-11-20
EP0700987B1 (de) 2001-03-28
CN1076395C (zh) 2001-12-19
CA2158117A1 (en) 1996-03-13
JPH08100279A (ja) 1996-04-16
DE69520471D1 (de) 2001-05-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ATE200104T1 (de) Verfahren zur korrosionsinhibierung in wässrigen systemen
DE69514468D1 (de) Verfahren zur Verhinderung von Sulphatablagerung in wässerigen Systemen
BR9306246A (pt) Método para tratar um substrato metálico não-ferroso e substrato metálico não-ferroso
ATE161590T1 (de) Korrosionsinhibierung mit wasserlöslichen chelaten von seltenen erden
PT97364A (pt) Processo de inibicao ou prevencao da corrosao e/ou incrustacao em sistemas aquosos
DE69312750D1 (de) Überwachung von Ablagerungen und Härte
SE8903452D0 (sv) Foerfarande foer betning av jaern och staalytor
JPH0141705B2 (de)
DE60005954D1 (de) Verfahren zur inhibierung der korrosion von kupferoberflächen
ATE61423T1 (de) Korrosionsinhibierung.
DE69033634T2 (de) Zusammensetzungen und verfahren zur korrosionshemmung von eisenmetallen
BR8701331A (pt) Composicao para inibir corrosao em aguas de resfriamento industriais e processo para melhorar o desempenho de inibidores de corrosao de fosofonato em sistemas aquosos
ATE205460T1 (de) Verfahren zur verhinderung von oxalatablagerungen
TH19436A (de)
DE60329195D1 (de) Verfahren zur inhibierung der bildung von kesselstein und ablagerungen auf metalloberflächen, die einem wässrigen system ausgesetzt sind
SU1723197A1 (ru) Состав дл защиты черных металлов от внутренней коррозии
UA19202A (uk) Склад для очищення від корозії металевої поверхhі
RU95109722A (ru) Ингибитор коррозии стали в серной кислоте

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
RER Ceased as to paragraph 5 lit. 3 law introducing patent treaties