WO2024070902A1 - 化合物、該化合物の製造方法、硬化性材料、硬化性組成物、硬化物の製造方法及び硬化物 - Google Patents
化合物、該化合物の製造方法、硬化性材料、硬化性組成物、硬化物の製造方法及び硬化物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024070902A1 WO2024070902A1 PCT/JP2023/034362 JP2023034362W WO2024070902A1 WO 2024070902 A1 WO2024070902 A1 WO 2024070902A1 JP 2023034362 W JP2023034362 W JP 2023034362W WO 2024070902 A1 WO2024070902 A1 WO 2024070902A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D407/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D405/00
- C07D407/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D405/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D407/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D405/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
- C08F20/10—Esters
- C08F20/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F20/32—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing epoxy radicals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a compound, more specifically, to a compound having a reactive unsaturated bond and an epoxy group, and further to a curable composition containing at least one of the compounds and at least one selected from a curing agent and a polymerization initiator.
- adhesives used in the assembly of camera modules and the like are required to have low-temperature curing properties to avoid thermal damage to image sensors and the like caused by high-temperature processing, and at the same time, they are also required to have short-time curing properties from the viewpoint of improving production efficiency.
- ultraviolet-curing adhesives and thermosetting epoxy resin adhesives are often used as low-temperature, short-time curing adhesives.
- ultraviolet-curing adhesives can cure quickly, they have the disadvantage that they cannot be used to bond areas that are not exposed to light.
- thermosetting epoxy resin adhesives are low-temperature, short-time curing adhesives, they are not necessarily satisfactory because they require the members (components) to be bonded to be fixed with a jig or device in order to maintain the bonding position during bonding, and the viscosity decreases due to the temperature rise caused by heating, causing problems such as dripping just before curing or flowing to areas other than the desired area.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a photo- and heat-curable composition containing a curable component consisting of a compound having a glycidyl group and a (meth)acryloyl group, a polythiol compound, and an epoxy curing accelerator.
- Patent Document 2 proposes a curable composition containing a compound having a (meth)acryloyl group, a polythiol compound, a photoradical generator, and a latent curing agent, and also describes a compound having a (meth)acryloyl group and an epoxy group.
- the epoxy (meth)acrylates described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are merely compounds obtained by reacting an epoxy resin having two or more epoxy groups with (meth)acrylic acid to esterify a portion of the epoxy groups, and the structure of the compounds is limited.
- Patent Document 3 proposes a compound having a (meth)acryloyl group and a glycidyl group, but this compound does not have sufficient curability to be used as a material in a light and heat curing system.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a compound that can be used in a curable composition that can be cured by light and heat, and to provide a curable composition that has excellent curing properties by light and heat.
- the present invention provides a compound represented by the following general formula (1):
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 2 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a halogen atom as a substituent, or a halogen atom
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a hydroxymethyl group, a glycidyl ether group, a methyl glycidyl ether group, an acryloyloxymethyl group, or a methacryloyloxymethyl group
- R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- n represents a number from 0 to 4.
- the present invention also provides a compound represented by the following general formula (2):
- R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R2 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a halogen atom as a substituent, or a halogen atom
- R5 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a hydroxymethyl group, a glycidyl ether group, or a methylglycidyl ether group
- n represents a number from 0 to 4.
- the present invention also provides a method for producing a compound represented by formula (1), which comprises reacting a compound represented by the following formula (3) with epihalohydrin to produce a compound represented by formula (2), and then esterifying the compound with an acrylic acid ester and/or a methacrylic acid ester.
- R2 's each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a halogen atom as a substituent, or a halogen atom.
- R6 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a hydroxymethyl group.
- n represents a number from 0 to 4.
- the present invention also relates to a compound represented by formula (1),
- the present invention provides a curable material containing at least one of a compound represented by formula (2) and a compound represented by the following general formula (4):
- R 7 independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms as a substituent, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a hydroxyl group or a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a halogen atom
- R 8 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a hydroxyalkyl group, a glycidyl ether group, a methyl glycidyl ether group, a glycidyloxyalkyl group, a ⁇ -methyl gly
- the present invention also provides a curable composition containing (A) at least one compound represented by the general formula (1) and (B) at least one curing agent, a cured product of the composition, and a method for producing the cured product, which includes a curing step of curing the composition.
- the compound provided by the present invention is suitable as a material to be cured by light and heat.
- the curable composition provided by the present invention has sufficient photocurability and excellent thermosetting properties, and therefore can be suitably used for dual curing in which temporary curing is performed by light and then main curing is performed by heat. Furthermore, according to the production method of the present invention, a compound suitable for a material cured by light and heat can be produced in an industrially advantageous manner.
- FIG. 1 shows the results of DMA measurement of the resin composition obtained in Example 3.
- FIG. 2 shows the results of DMA measurement of the resin composition obtained in Example 6.
- the compound of the present invention represented by the general formula (1) (hereinafter also referred to as “compound (1)” or “component (A)”) has a glycidyl ether group and a reactive unsaturated bond, as described above, and therefore can provide a cured product by applying light and/or heat when used in combination with various curing agents and various polymerization initiators.
- the reactive unsaturated bond is sometimes called an "ethylenically unsaturated bond.”
- examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R2 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an amyl group, an isoamyl group, a tert-amyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, a nonyl group, an isononyl group, a decyl group, an isodecyl group, an undecyl group, a dodecyl group, a tridecyl group, a tetradecyl group, a pentadecyl group, a hexadecyl group, a heptadecy
- examples of the alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R2 include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, an amyloxy group, a hexyloxy group, a pentyloxy group, an octyloxy group, a nonyloxy group, and a decyloxy group.
- examples of the halogen atom represented by R2 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- examples of unsubstituted aryl groups among the aryl groups represented by R 2 that may have a substituent include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, etc.
- substituent include an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, a secondary butyl group, a tertiary butyl group, an amyl group, an isoamyl group, a tertiary amyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, a nonyl group, an isononyl group, or a decyl group; an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as a methoxy group, an
- n is preferably an integer of 0 to 2, and in particular, n is 0 or 1, which is preferred because of excellent light- and heat-curing properties and easy availability of raw materials. Also, n is 0, or n is 1 or more, and R 2 is an alkyl group or methoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, which is preferred because of excellent light- and heat-curing properties and easy availability of raw materials. Among these, in the general formula (1), n is 0 or 1, and R 2 is an alkyl group or methoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, which is preferred, and in particular, n is 0.
- examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms represented by R3 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an amyl group, an isoamyl group, a tert-amyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, a nonyl group, an isononyl group, and a decyl group.
- R 3 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a hydroxymethyl group, a glycidyl ether group, or a methyl glycidyl ether group. Of these, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is preferred, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms is particularly preferred, and a methyl group or an ethyl group is particularly preferred, with an ethyl group being the most preferred.
- R 3 is the above group, the raw materials are easily available, and curing by light and heat at low cost becomes easier.
- R4 is preferably a hydrogen atom in terms of excellent photocurability, and is preferably a methyl group in terms of excellent stability and cured product physical properties.
- R 1 is preferably a hydrogen atom in terms of excellent thermosetting properties, and R 1 is preferably a methyl group in terms of excellent stability and physical properties of the cured product.
- Compound (1) is a compound represented by any one of the following general formulas (1a), (1b) and (1c), and may exist as a mixture of these.
- the compound represented by formula (1a) is preferred in that it has good photocurability
- the compound represented by formula (1b) or (1c), especially (1c) is preferred in that the photo- and thermosetting product has high heat resistance and is less likely to crystallize.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and n in the compounds represented by the general formulae (1a), (1b) and (1c) are those represented by the formula (1).
- the compound (1) of the present invention and mixtures thereof preferably have a total chlorine content of 3000 ppm or less by mass. If the total chlorine content exceeds 3000 ppm, the concentration of chloride ions will be high, making the material prone to ion migration, and there is a risk of reduced reliability when used, for example, as an adhesive or sealant for electric and electronic components.
- the titanium atom content is preferably 7000 ppm or less by mass. If the titanium atom content exceeds 7000 ppm, there is a risk of reduced radical polymerizability.
- the total chlorine content is measured in accordance with ASTM D5808.
- the titanium atom content can be measured in accordance with JIS K0116:2014.
- R 1 , R 2 and n in the compound represented by the general formula (2) include those exemplified as R 1 , R 2 and n in the general formula (1) and those preferred examples thereof.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R 5 include those exemplified as R 3 in the general formula (1).
- the group represented by R 5 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a hydroxymethyl group, a glycidyl ether group or a methyl glycidyl ether group.
- R 5 is the above group, raw materials are easily available, and a compound suitable for a photo- and heat-curable composition is easily provided.
- R5 of compound (2) used as a raw material for compound (1) is preferably the same as R3 of the target compound (1).
- R3 of compound (1) and R5 of compound (2) may be the same or different.
- the compound represented by the general formula (2) has both an alcoholic hydroxyl group and a glycidyl group, and therefore can be used in a variety of applications.
- the compound represented by the general formula (2) is useful in the present invention as a raw material for the compound represented by the general formula (1).
- the compound represented by the general formula (2) is a compound represented by any one of the following general formulas (2a), (2b) or (2c), but may exist as a mixture.
- the compounds represented by the formulas (2a), (2b) or (2c) are raw materials for the compounds represented by the formulas (1a), (1b) or (1c), respectively.
- the compound represented by the formula (1a), (1b) or (1c) and the raw material compound (2) coexist, but this is not limited to this embodiment.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 5 and n are the same as those in the formula (2).
- the compound (2) of the present invention and mixtures thereof preferably have a total chlorine content of 3000 ppm or less by mass. If the total chlorine content exceeds 3000 ppm, the concentration of chloride ions will be high, making the material prone to ion migration, and there is a risk of reduced reliability when used, for example, as an adhesive or sealant for electric/electronic components.
- the titanium atom content is 7000 ppm or less by mass. If the titanium atom content exceeds 7000 ppm, there is a risk of reduced radical polymerizability.
- the method for producing the compound (1) of the present invention is not particularly limited, but it can be produced by utilizing the difference in reactivity between the phenolic hydroxyl group and the alcoholic hydroxyl group in a compound containing at least two hydroxyl groups represented by the following general formula (3), glycidyl etherifying only the phenolic hydroxyl group to produce compound (2), and acrylic esterifying or methacrylic esterifying the alcoholic hydroxyl group of compound (2).
- Conventional techniques such as Patent Documents 1 and 2 esterify a part of the epoxy groups in an epoxy resin containing two or more epoxy groups with acrylic acid.
- the present production method can utilize the above-mentioned difference in reactivity, making it easy to control the composition of the reaction product, and can provide a curable material suitable for a light and heat curing system at low cost while reducing purification costs. More specifically, in the present invention, for example, compound (1) can be produced by the production method described below.
- the method for producing compound (2) of the present invention utilizes the difference in reactivity between a phenolic hydroxyl group and an alcoholic hydroxyl group in a compound represented by the following general formula (3) (hereinafter also referred to as "compound (3)”) to glycidyl etherify only the phenolic hydroxyl group:
- R2 's each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group which may have a substituent, or a halogen atom.
- the substituent is a group selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom.
- R6 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a hydroxymethyl group.
- n represents a number from 0 to 4.
- R 2 and n in compound (3) examples include those exemplified and preferred for R 2 and n in the general formula (1).
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R 6 in compound (3) include those exemplified as R 3 in the general formula (1).
- the group represented by R 6 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a hydroxymethyl group. Among them, for the same reasons as those described for R 5 , an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is preferred, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms is more preferred, a methyl group or an ethyl group is even more preferred, and an ethyl group is particularly preferred. It is preferable that R 6 of compound (3) used as a raw material for compound (2) is the same as R 5 of the target compound (2).
- an alkali is added to a mixture of the compound represented by the general formula (3) and epihalohydrin to cause a reaction.
- the method for adding the alkali include a method of adding an aqueous alkali solution dropwise and a method of adding a solid alkali, preferably in multiple batches.
- Examples of the epihalohydrin include epichlorohydrin, epibromohydrin, and ⁇ -methylepichlorohydrin.
- Examples of the alkali include metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide.
- the amount of epihalohydrin used when reacting the compound represented by the general formula (3) with epihalohydrin is preferably 3 to 50 times, more preferably 4 to 30 times, in terms of molar ratio, relative to the compound represented by the general formula (3).
- the amount of the alkali used is preferably in the range of 0.8 to 1.5 moles, more preferably 0.9 to 1.2 moles, per mole of the compound represented by the general formula (3).
- phase transfer catalyst such as tetrabutylammonium bromide.
- no phase transfer catalyst is used in the reaction between the compound represented by the formula (3) and epihalohydrin means that the mass of the phase transfer catalyst is less than 1/100 of the mass of the compound represented by the formula (3).
- the reaction of the compound represented by the general formula (3) with epihalohydrin is carried out under heating and increased or reduced pressure as necessary.
- the reaction temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 40° C. to 120° C., more preferably from 60° C. to 100° C., from the viewpoints of shortening the production time and improving the reaction efficiency.
- the method for producing the compound represented by the general formula (1) by converting the compound represented by the general formula (2) into an acrylic acid ester or a methacrylic acid ester includes a method of esterification using an acrylic acid derivative and/or a methacrylic acid derivative.
- examples of such a method include an esterification method using an acrylic ester such as methyl acrylate and/or a methacrylic ester such as methyl methacrylate in the presence of a catalyst such as dialkyltin oxide, tetraalkyl titanate, etc., and an esterification method using acryloyl chloride and/or methacryloyl chloride in the presence of a neutralizing agent such as triethylamine, etc.
- the reaction temperature in the case where the former acrylic ester and/or methacrylic ester is used for esterification in the presence of a catalyst is preferably, for example, 50 to 100° C., and more preferably 70 to 90° C.
- the reaction temperature in the case where the latter acryloyl chloride and/or methacryloyl chloride is used for esterification in the presence of a neutralizing agent is preferably, for example, 0 to 30° C.
- the use of an acrylic acid ester and/or a methacrylic acid ester is preferred from the viewpoints of safety and reaction efficiency, particularly in terms of suppressing side reactions.
- the amount of the acrylic acid derivative and/or methacrylic acid derivative used is preferably 2 times or more, more preferably 3 times or more, in terms of molar ratio, relative to the compound represented by the general formula (2).
- the amount of the acrylic acid derivative and/or methacrylic acid derivative used is preferably 10 times or less, more preferably 7 times or less, in terms of molar ratio, relative to the compound represented by the general formula (2), in terms of production efficiency, etc.
- the compound (1) and Examples of the curable material include a curable material containing at least one of compound (2) and a compound represented by the general formula (4) (hereinafter, also referred to as "compound (4)").
- compound (4) a compound represented by the general formula (4)
- compounds (2) and (4) are impurities when compound (1) is produced by the above-mentioned preferred production method, in that the above-mentioned effects can be obtained while reducing production costs.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, the alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, the aryl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and the halogen atom represented by R7 include the same groups as the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, the alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, the aryl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and the halogen atom represented by R2 in formula (1).
- alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, the alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the halogen atom as the substituent of the aryl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms which is represented by R7 and which may be substituted examples thereof include the same groups as those exemplified above as the substituent of the aryl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms which may be substituted and which is represented by R2 in formula (1).
- Preferable examples of the group represented by R7 include the same groups as those preferred for R2 .
- the preferred range of m is the same as that of n.
- the preferred range of R9 is the same as that of R1 .
- Examples of the hydroxyalkyl group in R8 include a hydroxymethyl group, a hydroxyethyl group, and a hydroxypropyl group.
- Examples of the glycidyloxyalkyl group include a glycidyloxymethyl group and a glycidyloxyethyl group.
- Examples of the acryloyloxyalkyl group include an acryloyloxymethyl group and an acryloyloxyethyl group.
- Examples of the methacryloyloxyalkyl group include a methacryloyloxymethyl group and a methacryloyloxyethyl group.
- R8 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a hydroxymethyl group, a glycidyl ether group, or a methyl glycidyl ether group, of which an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is preferred, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms is more preferred, a methyl group or an ethyl group is particularly preferred, and an ethyl group is most preferred.
- R 7 , m, R 8 and R 9 of compound (4) generated as an impurity are the same as R 2 , n, R 3 and R 1 of the target compound (1), respectively.
- R 7 , m, R 8 and R 9 of compound (4) and R 2 , n, R 3 and R 1 of compound (1), respectively may be the same or different.
- the compound represented by the general formula (4) is a compound represented by any one of the following general formulas (4a), (4b) and (4c), and may exist as a mixture thereof.
- the compounds represented by formula (4a), (4b) or (4c) are impurities of the compounds represented by formula (1a), (1b) or (1c), respectively.
- the compound represented by formula (1a), (1b) or (1c) and the corresponding compound (4) coexist, but this is not limited thereto.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 5 and n are the same as those in the formula (4).
- the curable material of the present disclosure preferably contains compound (4) out of compounds (2) and (4) in terms of the heat resistance of the cured product obtained after curing.
- the proportion of compound (1) in the total of compound (1), compound (2) and compound (4) is preferably 80 mass% or more, more preferably 90 mass% or more, and particularly preferably 95 mass% or more. This is because the lower limit provides an excellent effect of good photo- and thermosetting properties due to the compound of formula (1).
- the upper limit of the proportion of compound (1) is preferably 100 mass% in the total of compound (1), compound (2) and compound (4), but when compound (2) and/or compound (4) are contained, it is preferably 99.5 mass% or less, more preferably 98 mass% or less, from the viewpoint of reducing production costs, etc.
- the proportion of compound (2) in the total of compound (1), compound (2) and compound (4) is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 6% by mass or less. This is because the content of the compound of formula (1) is ensured, and the effect of good photo- and heat-curing properties is excellent.
- the amount is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 0.5% by mass or more, in the total of compound (1), compound (2) and compound (4), in view of production costs, heat resistance, etc.
- the proportion of compound (4) in the total of compound (1), compound (2) and compound (4) is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 5% by mass or less.
- the proportion of compound (4) be less than this value, the content of the compound of formula (1) is ensured, and the effect of good photo- and heat-curing properties is excellent.
- the amount is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, and more preferably 0.5% by mass or more, in view of production costs, heat resistance, etc.
- curable composition Next, the curable composition of the present invention will be described in detail.
- the curable composition of the present invention contains (A) at least one compound represented by the general formula (1) (hereinafter also referred to as “component (A)”) and (B) a curing agent (hereinafter also referred to as “component (B)”).
- component (A) only compound (1) may be used, or, for example, the above-mentioned curable material may be used.
- the curable composition of the present invention may contain a compound having at least one reactive unsaturated bond and at least one epoxy group other than the component (A).
- examples of such compounds include glycidyl methacrylate, glycidyl ether of allylphenol, diglycidyl monoallyl ether, and epoxy acrylates.
- R8 is an acryloyloxyalkyl group or a methallyloyloxyalkyl group
- the compound (4) may also be used.
- the curable composition of the present invention may also contain a compound having only an epoxy group or a compound having only a reactive unsaturated bond, among those having reactive unsaturated bonds and epoxy groups.
- Examples of the compound having only an epoxy group include compound (2) and compound (4) (wherein R 8 is other than an acryloyloxyalkyl group or a methallyloyloxyalkyl group). Further, examples of the epoxy resin include known epoxy resins.
- epoxy resin examples include polyglycidyl ether compounds of mononuclear polyhydric phenol compounds such as hydroquinone, resorcin, pyrocatechol, and phloroglucinol; dihydroxynaphthalene, biphenol, methylene bisphenol (bisphenol F), methylene bis(ortho-cresol), ethylidene bisphenol, isopropylidene bisphenol (bisphenol A), isopropylidene bis(ortho-cresol), tetrabromobisphenol A, 1,3-bis(4-hydroxycumylbenzene), 1,4-bis(4-hydroxycumylbenzene), 1,1,3-tris(4-hydroxycumylbenzene), and 1,1,3-tris(4-hydroxy- polyglycidyl ether compounds of polynuclear polyhydric phenol compounds such as 1,1,2,2-tetra(4-hydroxyphenyl)butane, 1,1,2,2-tetra(4-hydroxyphenyl
- Polyglycidyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols such as rhythritol, sorbitol, bisphenol A-alkylene oxide adducts, and dicyclopentadiene dimethanol diglycidyl ether; glycidyl esters of aliphatic, aromatic, or alicyclic polybasic acids such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, suberic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dimer acid, trimer acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, trimellitic acid, trimesic acid, pyromellitic acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid, hexahydrophthalic acid, and endomethylenetetrahydrophthalic acid; glycidyl methacrylates; epoxidized products of cyclic olefin compounds such as vinylcyclohexen
- epoxy resins may be internally crosslinked with a prepolymer of a terminal isocyanate, or may be polymerized using a polyvalent active hydrogen compound (polyhydric phenol, polyamine, carbonyl group-containing compound, polyphosphate, etc.).
- a polyvalent active hydrogen compound polyhydric phenol, polyamine, carbonyl group-containing compound, polyphosphate, etc.
- epoxy resins include, for example, Denacol EX-313, Denacol EX-314, Denacol EX-321, Denacol EX-411, Denacol EX-421, Denacol EX-512, Denacol EX-521, Denacol EX-611, Denacol EX-612, Denacol EX-614, Denacol EX-622, Denacol EX-830, Denacol EX-832, and Denacol EX- 841, Denacol EX-861, Denacol EX-920, Denacol EX-931, Denacol EX-201, Denacol EX-711, Denacol EX-721, (manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation); Epolight 200E, Epolight 400E, Epolight 70P, Epolight 200P, Epolight 400P (manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.), Adeka Resin EP-4088S, EP-4088L, EP
- Examples of compounds having only reactive unsaturated bonds include N-alkyl group-containing (meth)acrylamide derivatives such as N-methyl(meth)acrylamide, N,N-dimethyl(meth)acrylamide, N,N-diethyl(meth)acrylamide, N-isopropyl(meth)acrylamide, N-butyl(meth)acrylamide, and N-hexyl(meth)acrylamide; N-alkoxy group-containing (meth)acrylamide derivatives such as N-methylol(meth)acrylamide, N-hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylamide, N-methylol-N-propane(meth)acrylamide, N-methoxymethylacrylamide, and N-ethoxymethylacrylamide; and N-acryloylmorphoacrylamide derivatives such as N-methylol(meth)acrylamide, N-hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylamide, N-methylol-N-propane(meth)acrylamide, N-methoxymethyl
- (meth)acrylamide derivatives such as phosphorus, N-acryloylpiperidine, N-methacryloylpiperidine, and N-acryloylpyrrolidine; unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as ethylene, propylene, butylene, isobutylene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinylidene fluoride, and tetrafluoroethylene; (meth)acrylic acid, ⁇ -chloroacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, citraconic acid, fumaric acid, hymic acid, crotonic acid, isocrotonic acid, vinylacetic acid, allylacetic acid, cinnamic acid, sorbic acid, mesaconic acid, mono[2-(meth)acryloyloxyethyl] succinate, mono[2-(meth)acryloyloxyethyl] phthalate, and ⁇ -carboxypolycaprolactone mono(meth)acrylate
- Mono(meth)acrylates of polymers having a carboxy group and a hydroxyl group at both ends such as acrylates; unsaturated polybasic acids such as hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate maleate, hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate maleate, dicyclopentadiene maleate, or polyfunctional (meth)acrylates having one carboxy group and two or more (meth)acryloyl groups; 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, methyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate, t-butyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, n-octyl (meth)acrylate, isopropyl (meth)acrylate, Octyl, isononyl (meth)acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate
- unsaturated aromatic compounds such as vinyl ether, 4-vinylbenzenesulfonic acid, vinylbenzyl methyl ether, and vinylbenzyl glycidyl ether; unsaturated ketones such as methyl vinyl ketone; unsaturated amine compounds such as vinylamine, allylamine, N-vinylpyrrolidone, and vinylpiperidine; vinyl alcohols such as allyl alcohol and crotyl alcohol; vinyl ethers such as vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether, n-butyl vinyl ether, isobutyl vinyl ether, and allyl glycidyl ether; unsaturated imides such as maleimide, N-phenylmaleimide, and N-cyclohexylmaleimide; indenes such as indene and 1-methylindene; 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, chloro Aliphatic conjugated dienes such as propylene; macromonomers having a mono(meth)
- the amount of component (A) (compound (1)) in the curable composition of the present invention is preferably 30% by mass or more and 99% by mass or less, and more preferably 50% by mass or more and 97% by mass or less.
- the total amount of compounds having an epoxy group and/or a reactive unsaturated bond, including component (A) and compounds other than component (A) may also be 30% by mass or more and 99% by mass or less, or 50% by mass or more and 97% by mass or less, in the curable composition.
- the amount of the other compounds is preferably 100 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 70 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of component (A).
- Preferred examples of the curing agent (B) used in the curable resin composition of the present invention include amine-based curing agents, phenol-based curing agents, acid anhydride-based curing agents, polythiol-based curing agents, and polymerization initiators.
- the amine-based curing agent may, for example, be alkylenediamines such as ethylenediamine, 1,2-diaminopropane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,3-diaminobutane, 1,4-diaminobutane, or hexamethylenediamine; polyalkylpolyamines such as diethylenetriamine, triethylenetriamine, or tetraethylenepentamine; 1,4-diaminocyclohexane, 1,3-diaminocyclohexane, 1,3-diaminomethylcyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,4-diamino-3,6-diethylcyclohexane, or 4,4' alicyclic polyamines such as 1,3-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 1,3-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane, 1,4-bis(a
- benzylmethylaminoethylamine N,N-dibenzylaminoethylamine, N,N-cyclohexylmethylaminoethylamine, N,N-dicyclohexylaminoethylamine, N-(2-aminoethyl)pyrrolidine, N-(2-aminoethyl)piperidine, N-(2-aminoethyl)morpholine, N-(2-aminoethyl)piperazine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-methylpiperazine, N,N-dimethylaminopropylamine, N,N-diethylaminopropylamine, N,N-diisopropylaminopropylamine, N,N-diallylaminopropylamine Propylamine, N,N-benzylmethylaminopropylamine, N,N-dibenzylaminopropylamine, N,
- the amine-based curing agent may be an amine-based latent curing agent obtained by various modifications.
- modified amines include dehydration condensation products of the amine compound and a carboxylic acid, adducts of the amine compound and an epoxy compound (a compound exemplified as the epoxy resin), adducts of the amine compound and an isocyanate compound (an isocyanate compound exemplified below), Michael adducts of amine compounds, Mannich reaction products of amine compounds, condensates of amine compounds and urea, and condensates of amine compounds and ketones.
- dibasic acid dihydrazides such as oxalic acid dihydrazide, malonic acid dihydrazide, succinic acid dihydrazide, glutaric acid dihydrazide, adipic acid dihydrazide, suberic acid dihydrazide, azelaic acid dihydrazide, sebacic acid dihydrazide, and phthalic acid dihydrazide
- guanamines such as benzoguanamine and acetoguanamine
- dicyandiamide melamine
- melamine-based latent curing agents can also be used as amine-based latent curing agents.
- isocyanate compound examples include aromatic diisocyanates such as 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate, phenylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, 1,5-tetrahydronaphthalene diisocyanate, 3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl-4,4'-diisocyanate, dianisidine diisocyanate, and tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate; isophorone diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate, Examples of the diisocyanates include alicyclic diisocyanates such as trans-1,4-cyclohexyl diisocyanate and norbornene diisocyanate
- phenol-based hardener examples include polyhydric phenol compounds such as phenol novolac resin, cresol novolac resin, aromatic hydrocarbon formaldehyde resin modified phenol resin, dicyclopentadiene phenol addition type resin, phenol aralkyl resin (Zylok resin), naphthol aralkyl resin, trisphenylol methane resin, tetraphenylol ethane resin, naphthol novolac resin, naphthol-phenol co-condensed novolac resin, naphthol-cresol co-condensed novolac resin, biphenyl modified phenol resin (a polyhydric phenol compound in which the phenol nucleus is linked by a bismethylene group), biphenyl modified naphthol resin (a polyhydric naphthol compound in which the phenol nucleus is linked by a bismethylene group), aminotriazine modified phenol resin (a compound having a phenol skeleton, a triazine modified
- acid anhydride curing agents examples include himic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, methyl himic anhydride, succinic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, trialkyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride-maleic anhydride adduct, benzophenonetetracarboxylic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, and hydrogenated methylnadic anhydride.
- polythiol-based curing agent examples include pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate), pentaerythritol tetrakis(thioglycolate), dipentaerythritol hexakis(3-mercaptopropionate), dipentaerythritol hexakis(3-mercaptobutyrate), 1,3,4,6-tetrakis(2-mercaptoethyl)-1,3,4,6-tetraazaochydropentalene-2,5-dione, 1,3,5 ...
- the amine-based curing agents, phenol-based curing agents, acid anhydride-based curing agents, and polythiol-based curing agents are known as curing agents for epoxy resins, and examples of commercially available products thereof include ADEKA HARDENER EH-3636S (manufactured by ADEKA Corporation; dicyandiamide-type latent curing agent), ADEKA HARDENER EH-4351S (manufactured by ADEKA Corporation; dicyandiamide-type latent curing agent), ADEKA HARDENER EH-5011S (manufactured by ADEKA Corporation; imidazole-type latent curing agent), ADEKA HARDENER EH-5046S (manufactured by ADEKA Corporation; imidazole-type latent curing agent), ADEKA HARDENER EH-4357S (manufactured by ADEKA Corporation; polyamine-type latent curing agent), Examples include ADEKA HARDNER EH-5057
- the amount of the epoxy resin curing agent (a curing agent selected from the amine-based curing agents, phenol-based curing agents, acid anhydride-based curing agents, and polythiol-based curing agents) used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 2 to 50 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of component (A).
- the amount is preferably 100 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 2 to 50 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the total of the other compounds and component (A).
- the curable composition of the present invention can also use a curing catalyst in combination with the epoxy resin curing agent.
- the curing catalyst include phosphine compounds such as triphenylphosphine; phosphonium salts such as tetraphenylphosphonium bromide; amines such as benzyldimethylamine and 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol; quaternary ammonium salts such as trimethylammonium chloride; ureas such as 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea, 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea, 3-phenyl-1,1-dimethylurea, isophorone diisocyanate-dimethylurea, and tolylene diisocyanate-dimethylurea; and complexes of boron trifluoride with tertiary amines, ether compounds, and the like.
- the amount of the curing catalyst used in the curable composition of the present invention is preferably 0.01 to 20 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of component (A).
- the amount is preferably 0.01 to 20 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the total of the other compounds and component (A).
- the polymerization initiator may be a thermal radical polymerization initiator, a photoradical polymerization initiator, or a cationic polymerization initiator.
- the polymerization initiator may be a thermal radical polymerization initiator, a photoradical polymerization initiator, or a cationic polymerization initiator.
- the thermal radical polymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it generates radicals when heated, and any conventionally known compound can be used.
- preferred examples include azo compounds, peroxides, and persulfates.
- azo compounds examples include 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis(methyl isobutyrate), 2,2'-azobis-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile, 1,1'-azobis(1-acetoxy-1-phenylethane), etc.
- peroxide examples include benzoyl peroxide, di-t-butylbenzoyl peroxide, t-butyl peroxypivalate, and di(4-t-butylcyclohexyl) peroxydicarbonate.
- persulfate examples include ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, and other persulfates.
- the photoradical polymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it generates radicals upon irradiation with light, and any conventionally known compound can be used.
- Preferred examples include acetophenone-based compounds, benzyl-based compounds, benzophenone-based compounds, thioxanthone-based compounds, and oxime ester-based compounds.
- the acetophenone compounds include, for example, diethoxyacetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, 4'-isopropyl-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone, 2-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpropiophenone, 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one, p-dimethylaminoacetophenone, p-tert-butyldichloroacetophenone, p-tert-butyltrichloroacetophenone, p-azidobenzalacetophenone, 1-hydroacetophenone, Examples include cyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-methyl-1-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2-morpholinopropanone-1, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)-butanone-1, benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether,
- benzyl compounds examples include benzyl.
- benzophenone-based compounds examples include benzophenone, o-benzoylmethylbenzoate, Michler's ketone, 4,4'-bisdiethylaminobenzophenone, 4,4'-dichlorobenzophenone, and 4-benzoyl-4'-methyldiphenyl sulfide.
- thioxanthone compounds examples include thioxanthone, 2-methylthioxanthone, 2-ethylthioxanthone, 2-chlorothioxanthone, 2-isopropylthioxanthone, and 2,4-diethylthioxanthone.
- the oxime ester compound refers to a compound having an oxime ester group, and since it has good sensitivity among the photoradical polymerization initiators, it can be preferably used in the curable composition of the present invention.
- oxime ester compounds compounds having a carbazole skeleton, a diphenyl sulfide skeleton, or a fluorene skeleton have particularly high sensitivity and can therefore be preferably used in the curable composition of the present invention.
- radical polymerization initiators include phosphine oxide compounds such as 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide and titanocene compounds such as bis(cyclopentadienyl)-bis[2,6-difluoro-3-(pyr-1-yl)]titanium.
- radical polymerization initiators include ADEKA OPTOMER N-1414, N-1717, N-1919, ADEKA ARCLES NCI-831, NCI-930 (all manufactured by ADEKA); IRGACURE 184, IRGACURE 369, IRGACURE 651, IRGACURE 907, IRGACURE OXE 01, IRGACURE OXE 02, IRGACURE 784 (all manufactured by BASF); TR-PBG-304, TR-PBG-305, TR-PBG-309, and TR-PBG-314 (all manufactured by Tronly); and the like.
- the cationic polymerization initiator may be any compound capable of releasing a substance that initiates cationic polymerization by irradiation with energy rays or heating, but is preferably a double salt, which is an onium salt that releases a Lewis acid by irradiation with energy rays, or a derivative thereof.
- Representative examples of such compounds include those represented by the following general formula: [A] r+ [B] r- Examples of the salt include salts of cations and anions represented by the following formula:
- the cation [A] r+ is preferably an onium, and its structure is, for example, represented by the following general formula: [( R12 ) aQ ] r+ It can be expressed as:
- R 12 is an organic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and may contain any number of atoms other than carbon atoms.
- a is an integer from 1 to 5.
- a R 12 are each independent and may be the same or different. At least one is preferably an organic group having an aromatic ring as described above.
- the anion [B] r- is preferably a halide complex, the structure of which is, for example, represented by the following general formula: It can be represented by [LY b ] r- .
- L is a metal or semimetal (Metalloid) that is the central atom of the halide complex, and is B, P, As, Sb, Fe, Sn, Bi, Al, Ca, In, Ti, Zn, Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Co, etc.
- Y is a halogen atom.
- b is an integer of 3 to 7.
- anion [LY b ] r- in the above general formula examples include tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, tetra(3,5-difluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)borate, tetrafluoroborate (BF 4 ) - , hexafluorophosphate (PF 6 ) - , hexafluoroantimonate (SbF 6 ) - , hexafluoroarsenate (AsF 6 ) - , hexachloroantimonate (SbCl 6 ) - , and the like.
- the anion [B] r- is represented by the following general formula: [LY b-1 (OH)] r It is also preferable to use a structure represented by the following formula: L, Y and b are the same as above.
- Other usable anions include perchlorate ion ( ClO4 ) - , trifluoromethylsulfite ion ( CF3SO3 ) - , fluorosulfonate ion ( FSO3 ) - , toluenesulfonate anion, trinitrobenzenesulfonate anion, camphorsulfonate, nonafluorobutanesulfonate, hexadecafluorooctane sulfonate, tetraarylborate, and tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate.
- aromatic onium salts (a) to (c) below it is particularly effective to use the aromatic onium salts (a) to (c) below.
- one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- Aryl diazonium salts such as phenyl diazonium hexafluorophosphate, 4-methoxyphenyl diazonium hexafluoroantimonate, and 4-methylphenyl diazonium hexafluorophosphate.
- the amount of the polymerization initiator used in the hardener composition of the present invention is preferably 0.001 to 20 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of component (A).
- the amount of the polymerization initiator used can be 0.001 to 20 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the total of the other compounds and component (A). By keeping the amount to 20 parts by mass or less, the effect on various physical properties such as the water absorption rate and strength of the cured product can be suppressed.
- a sensitizer and a sensitizer assistant can be used.
- the sensitizer and the sensitizer assistant include anthracene-based compounds and naphthalene-based compounds.
- anthracene-based compounds include 9,10-dimethoxyanthracene, 9,10-diethoxyanthracene, 9,10-dipropoxyanthracene, 9,10-diisopropoxyanthracene, 9,10-dibutoxyanthracene, 9,10-dipentyloxyanthracene, 9,10-dihexyloxyanthracene, 9,10-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)anthracene, 9,10-bis(2-ethoxyethoxy)anthracene, 9,10-bis(2-butoxyethoxy)anthracene, 9,10-bis(3-butoxypropoxy)anthracene, 2-methyl- or 2-ethyl-9,10-dimethoxyanthracene, 2-methyl- or 2-ethyl-9,10-diethoxyanthracene, 2-methyl- or 2-ethyl-9,10-dipropoxyanthracene, 2-methyl- or 2-
- naphthalene compounds examples include 4-methoxy-1-naphthol, 4-ethoxy-1-naphthol, 4-propoxy-1-naphthol, 4-butoxy-1-naphthol, 4-hexyloxy-1-naphthol, 1,4-dimethoxynaphthalene, 1-ethoxy-4-methoxynaphthalene, 1,4-diethoxynaphthalene, 1,4-dipropoxynaphthalene, 1,4-dibutoxynaphthalene, etc.
- the curable composition of the present invention may contain, as necessary, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-8-aminooctyltrimethoxysilane.
- aminosilane compounds such as 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxy ...
- Silane coupling agents such as epoxy silane compounds such as propyltriethoxysilane; reactive or non-reactive diluents (plasticizers) such as monoglycidyl ethers, dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, benzyl alcohol, and coal tar; fillers or pigments such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, cellulose, silica sand, cement, kaolin, clay, aluminum hydroxide, bentonite, talc, silica, finely powdered silica, titanium dioxide, carbon black, graphite, iron oxide, and bituminous substances; lubricants such as candelilla wax, carnauba wax, Japan wax, Japanese ibote wax, beeswax, lanolin, spermaceti, montan wax, petroleum wax, fatty acid wax, fatty acid esters, fatty acid ethers, aromatic esters, and aromatic ethers; thickeners; thixotropic agents; antioxidants
- the curable composition of the present invention can be cured by light and/or heat by changing the type of curing agent, which is the component (B), or by using a combination of multiple curing agents.
- the curable composition of the present invention can be suitably adopted in a method of using a photopolymerization initiator and an amine-based curing agent as the component (B) in combination, provisionally curing by light irradiation, and then thermally curing. In that case, if a large amount of a compound having only an epoxy group and/or a compound having only a reactive unsaturated bond is contained, the curing may be insufficient or the physical properties of the cured product may be deteriorated.
- the total amount of the compound having only an epoxy group and/or the compound having only a reactive unsaturated bond is preferably 100 parts by mass or less, more preferably 70 parts by mass or less, relative to 100 parts by mass of the compound (A) component of the present invention.
- the photopolymerization initiator is preferably a photoradical polymerization initiator.
- the method for producing the cured product of the present disclosure includes a curing step of curing the curable composition.
- the curing method in the curing step is at least one of heating and light irradiation, and preferably both.
- the light to be irradiated may include light having a wavelength of 300 nm to 450 nm.
- Examples of light sources used in photocuring include low pressure mercury lamps, medium pressure mercury lamps, high pressure mercury lamps, ultra-high pressure mercury lamps, xenon lamps, metal halogen lamps, electron beam irradiation devices, X-ray irradiation devices, and lasers (argon lasers, dye lasers, nitrogen lasers, LEDs, helium cadmium lasers, etc.).
- the heating temperature for thermal curing may be any temperature that can stably cure the cured product, and is set appropriately depending on the type of curing agent, etc., but is preferably from 10°C to 250°C, and more preferably from 60°C to 200°C.
- the cured product of the curable composition of the present invention is preferably a cured product obtained by photocuring followed by thermal curing, as this has excellent properties such as heat resistance.
- the applicant believes that this description describes a state. Even if this description were to specify an object by a manufacturing method, there are circumstances in which it would be impossible or impractical to specify a structure or properties other than those described in this specification for a cured product obtained by curing a curable compound under specified conditions, as this would require a significant amount of experimental time.
- the curable composition of the present invention can be used in a wide range of applications, such as paints, adhesives, pressure sensitive adhesives, coating agents, fiber bundling agents, building materials, and electronic components. In particular, because it has excellent light and heat curing properties, it can be used in applications where dual curing is possible. Due to these properties, the curable composition of the present invention can be suitably used in applications such as liquid sealants, liquid adhesives, liquid crystal sealants, and adhesives for camera modules.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 2 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a halogen atom as a substituent, or a halogen atom
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a hydroxymethyl group, a glycidyl ether group, a methyl glycidyl ether group, an acryloyloxymethyl group, or a methacryloyloxymethyl group
- R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- n represents a number from 0 to 4.
- R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R2 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a halogen atom as a substituent, or a halogen atom
- R5 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a hydroxymethyl group, a glycidyl ether group, or a methylglycidyl ether group
- n represents a number from 0 to 4.
- a method for producing a compound represented by the general formula (1) comprising reacting a compound represented by the following general formula (3) with epihalohydrin to produce a compound represented by the general formula (2), and then esterifying the compound with an acrylic acid derivative and/or a methacrylic acid derivative:
- R2 's each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a halogen atom as a substituent, or a halogen atom.
- R6 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a hydroxymethyl group.
- n represents a number from 0 to 4.
- R 7 independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms as a substituent, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a hydroxyl group or a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a halogen atom,
- R 8 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a hydroxyalkyl group, a glycidyl ether group, a
- R 9 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- m represents a number from 0 to 4.
- a curable composition comprising (A) at least one compound according to the above item [1] and (B) at least one curing agent.
- a method for producing a cured product comprising a curing step of curing the curable composition according to [6] or [7].
- Example 1 Production of DOP-EP (compound represented by the following formula) 238g (1.0 mol) of DOP (compound represented by the following formula) and 463g (5.0 mol, 5.0 equivalents) of epichlorohydrin were charged into a flask equipped with a reflux device, a stirrer and a dropping device. 79g (0.95 mol) of 48% by mass aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was dropped at 65-70°C and 21.0 kPa over 2 hours and 30 minutes. After the reaction was completed, the excess epichlorohydrin was distilled off under reduced pressure.
- Example 2 Production of DOP-EP-AC (compound represented by the following formula)
- 236 g (0.80 mol) of the compound DOP-EP obtained above and 310 g (3.6 mol, 4.5 equivalents) of methyl acrylate were charged.
- 6.8 g (2.5 mol%) of tetrabutoxytitanium and 353 g (150 mass%) of toluene were charged, and the mixture was stirred at 81°C to 87°C for 11 hours to remove methanol and carry out an esterification reaction.
- Example 3 100 parts by mass of DOP-EP-AC obtained in Example 2, 3 parts by mass of Irgacure 184 (manufactured by BASF; 1-hydroxycyclohexan-1-yl phenyl ketone), and 3 parts by mass of 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole were kneaded with a planetary stirrer to prepare a curable composition.
- the curable composition prepared above was applied to a glass plate with a thickness of 300 ⁇ m with a bar coater to obtain a coating film.
- the obtained curable composition was photocured under the following conditions, or photocured and heat cured in this order, and the dynamic viscoelasticity test of the cured product was performed under the following conditions. The results are shown in FIG. 1.
- Example 4 Production of DOP2-EP (compound represented by the following formula) 160g (0.67 mol) of DOP2 (compound represented by the following formula) and 496g (5.4 mol, 8.0 equivalents) of epichlorohydrin were charged into a flask equipped with a reflux device, a stirrer and a dropping device. 53.3g (0.64 mol) of 48% by mass aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was dropped thereto at 65-70°C and 18.0 kPa over 2 hours and 30 minutes. After the reaction was completed, the excess epichlorohydrin was distilled off under reduced pressure.
- Example 5 Production of DOP2-EP-AC (compound represented by the following formula)
- 130 g (0.44 mol) of the compound DOP2-EP obtained above and 148 g (1.7 mol, 3.9 equivalents) of methyl acrylate were charged.
- 3.8 g (2.5 mol%) of tetrabutoxytitanium and 195 g (150 mass%) of toluene were charged, and a methanol removal reaction was carried out while stirring at 81°C to 87°C for 21 hours.
- Example 6 100 parts by mass of DOP2-EP-AC obtained in Example 5, 3 parts by mass of Irgacure 184 (manufactured by BASF; 1-hydroxycyclohexan-1-yl phenyl ketone), and 3 parts by mass of 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole were kneaded with a planetary stirrer to prepare a curable composition.
- the curable composition prepared above was applied to a glass plate with a thickness of 300 ⁇ m using a bar coater to obtain a coating film.
- the obtained curable composition was photocured and heat cured in this order under the following conditions, and the dynamic viscoelasticity test of the cured product was performed under the following conditions. The results are shown in FIG.
- UV light was applied for 2.0 seconds at 0.5 W using a HOYA LED-UV irradiator LS series.
- Heat curing heated in a heat circulation oven at 150° C. for 2 hours.
- DMA dynamic viscoelasticity measurement: The glass transition point (Tg) was measured using an RSA manufactured by TA Instruments Co., Ltd. A rectangular test piece having a width of 5 mm, a length of 60 mm, and a thickness of 300 ⁇ m was prepared.
- the compound obtained in Example 2 had sufficient photocurability and also excellent thermosetting properties.
- the compound obtained in Example 5 also had sufficient photocurability.
- the photo- and thermosetting product using the compound obtained in Example 5 showed a certain degree of curability with no significant decrease in storage modulus E' up to the thermosetting temperature of over 150°C. It can also be seen that the photo- and thermosetting product using the compound of Example 5 has a glass transition point of 183°C and is therefore highly heat resistant.
- the compound provided by the present invention can provide a curable composition with excellent photo- and thermal curability.
- Example 7 Production of DOP2-EP/DOP2-EP-AC mixture
- 130 g (0.44 mol) of the compound DOP2-EP obtained above and 148 g (1.7 mol, 3.9 equivalents) of methyl acrylate were charged.
- 3.8 g (2.5 mol%) of tetrabutoxytitanium and 195 g (150 mass%) of toluene were charged, and a methanol removal reaction was carried out while stirring at 81°C to 87°C for 12 hours.
- Example 8 Production of a mixture of DOP2-EP/DOP2-EP2 (compounds represented by the following formula) 160g (0.67 mol) of DOP2 and 496g (5.4 mol, 8.0 equivalents) of epichlorohydrin were charged into a flask equipped with a reflux device, a stirrer, and a dropping device. 53.3g (0.70 mol) of 48% by mass aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was dropped at 65-70°C and 18.0 kPa over 2 hours and 30 minutes. After the reaction was completed, the excess epichlorohydrin was distilled off under reduced pressure.
- a curable composition was prepared by kneading 100 parts by mass of the curable material 1 obtained in Example 7 or the curable material 3 obtained in Example 9, 3 parts by mass of Irgacure 184 (manufactured by BASF; 1-hydroxycyclohexan-1-yl phenyl ketone) and 3 parts by mass of 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole with a planetary stirrer.
- the curable composition prepared above was applied to a glass plate with a thickness of 300 ⁇ m with a bar coater to obtain a coating film.
- the obtained curable composition was subjected to photocuring and heat curing in this order under the following conditions, and the presence or absence of curing (A, B) was confirmed according to the following evaluation criteria.
- Photocuring UV light was applied for 2.0 seconds at 0.5 W using a HOYA LED-UV irradiator LS series.
- evaluation Criteria for Photocurability A: After photocuring and before thermal curing, it was confirmed that curing had progressed sufficiently and a releasable coating film had been formed.
- Heat curing heated in a heat circulation oven at 150° C. for 2 hours.
- the curable composition containing a mixture of the compound of formula (1) and the compound of formula (2) and/or the compound of formula (4) also has sufficient photocurability and thermosetting properties.
- the compound of the present invention can be cured by light and heat, and the curable composition obtained by containing it has excellent curing properties by light and heat, so it can be used for applications such as liquid sealants, liquid adhesives, adhesives for camera modules, and liquid crystal sealants.
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、特許文献1及び2に記載されているエポキシ(メタ)アクリレートは、2つ以上のエポキシ基を有するエポキシ樹脂と(メタ)アクリル酸との反応によりエポキシ基の一部をエステル化して得られる化合物が記載されているにすぎず、その構造は限定されたものであった。
式(2)で表される化合物及び下記一般式(4)で表される化合物の少なくとも一方と、を含有する硬化性材料を提供するものである。
また、本発明の製造方法によれば、光及び熱による硬化材料に適した化合物を工業的に有利な方法にて製造できる。
以下、本発明の化合物について詳細に説明する。
R3は、炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、ヒドロキシメチル基、グリシジルエーテル基又はメチルグリシジルエーテル基であることが好ましい。なかでも、炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基であることが好ましく、炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基であることが特に好ましく、メチル基又はエチル基であるものが、中でも特に好ましく、エチル基が最も好ましい。R3が前記の基であることで。原料の入手が容易で、低コストでの光及び熱による硬化が一層容易となるためである。
R1としては、水素原子であることが熱硬化性に優れるという点で好ましい。R1がメチル基であることは安定性と硬化物物性に優れるという点で好ましい。
例えば、式(1a)で表される化合物は、光硬化性が良好となる点で好ましい。また、(1b)又は(1c)、特に(1c)で表される化合物は、光及び熱硬化物の耐熱性が高い点や結晶化しにくいという点で好ましい。
化合物(1)の原料として用いられる化合物(2)のR5は、目的物の化合物(1)のR3と同一であることが好ましい。また、後述する硬化性材料や硬化性組成物において、化合物(1)と化合物(2)が併存する場合、化合物(1)のR3と化合物(2)のR5とは同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
より具体的には、本発明では、例えば、以下に述べる製造方法により化合物(1)を製造することができる。
また、本発明の化合物(2)の製造方法は、下記一般式(3)で表される化合物(以下、「化合物(3)」ともいう。)におけるフェノール性水酸基とアルコール性水酸基との反応性の違いを利用して、フェノール性水酸基のみをグリシジルエーテル化することにより行われるものである。
前記アルカリとしては、例えば、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化カルシウム等の金属水酸化物があげられる。
また、アルカリの使用量は、前記一般式(3)で表される化合物1モルに対し、好ましくは0.8~1.5モル、より好ましくは0.9~1.2モルの範囲である。
また、反応温度は、特に制限されるものではないが、製造時間の短縮や反応効率の点から、40℃以上120℃以下であることが好ましく、60℃以上100℃以下であることがより好ましい。
具体的には、アクリル酸メチル等のアクリル酸エステル及び/又はメタクリル酸メチル等のメタクリルエステルを用いて、ジアルキル錫オキサイド、テトラアルキルチタネート等の触媒の存在下でエステル化する方法、塩化アクリロイル及び/又は塩化メタクリロイルを用いてトリエチルアミン等の中和剤の存在下でエステル化する方法があげられる。
製造時間の短縮や反応効率の点から前者のアクリル酸エステル及び/又はメタクリルエステルを用いて触媒の存在下でエステル化する場合の反応温度は例えば50~100℃であることが好ましく、70~90℃であることがより好ましい。また製造時間の短縮や反応効率の点から後者の塩化アクリロイル及び/又は塩化メタクリロイルを用いて中和剤の存在下でエステル化する場合の反応温度は、例えば0~30℃であることが好ましい。
特に、アクリル酸エステル及び/又はメタアクリル酸エステルを用いる方法を採用することが安全性と反応効率、特に副反応を抑制できるという点から好ましい。
アクリル酸誘導体及び/又はメタクリル酸誘導体の使用量は、前記一般式(2)で表される化合物に対し、モル比にて、2倍以上であることが好ましく、3倍以上であることがより好ましい。またアクリル酸誘導体及び/又はメタクリル酸誘導体の使用量は、前記一般式(2)で表される化合物に対し、モル比にて、10倍以下であることが製造効率等の点で好ましく、7倍以下がより好ましい。
次に、本開示の硬化性材料について説明する。
本開示の硬化性材料は、上述の式(1)で表される化合物(以下、「化合物(1)」ともいう。)を含有することを特徴の一つとするものである。
化合物(2)及び前記一般式(4)で表される化合物(以下、「化合物(4)」ともいう。)の少なくとも一方と、を含有する硬化性材料が挙げられる。特に、化合物(2)及び(4)が、化合物(1)を上記の好適な製造方法で製造した際の不純物であることが、製造コストを低減しながら上述した効果が得られる点で好ましい。
R7で表される置換されていてもよい炭素原子数5~10のアリール基の置換基としての炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基及び炭素原子数1~10のアルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子についても、式(1)におけるR2で表される置換されていてもよい炭素原子数5~10のアリール基の置換基として前記で挙げた基と同様の基が挙げられる。
また、R7で表される基として好ましいものとしても、R2の好ましいものと同様の基が挙げられる。
mについてもその好ましい数値範囲はnと同様である。R9の好ましいものとしては、上記R1と同様である。
前記グリシジルオキシアルキル基としては、グリシジルオキシメチル基、グリシジルオキシエチル基などがあげられる。
前記アクリロイルオキシアルキル基としては、アクリロイルオキシメチル基、アクリロイルオキシエチル基などがあげられる。
前記メタクリロイルオキシアルキル基としては、メタクリロイルオキシメチル基、メタクリロイルオキシエチル基などがあげられる。
式(4a)、(4b)又は(4c)で表される化合物はそれぞれ式(1a)、(1b)又は(1c)で表される化合物の不純物となる。後述する硬化性材料及び硬化性組成物においては化合物(1)と化合物(4)が併存する場合、式(1a)、(1b)又は(1c)で表される化合物と、対応する化合物(4)(それぞれ式(4a)、(4b)又は(4c)で表される化合物)とが併存することが好ましいが、これに限定されない。
次に、本発明の硬化性組成物について詳述する。
また例えば、公知のエポキシ樹脂があげられる。前記エポキシ樹脂としては、例えば、ハイドロキノン、レゾルシン、ピロカテコール、フロログルシノール等の単核多価フェノール化合物のポリグリシジルエーテル化合物;ジヒドロキシナフタレン、ビフェノール、メチレンビスフェノール(ビスフェノールF)、メチレンビス(オルトクレゾール)、エチリデンビスフェノール、イソプロピリデンビスフェノール(ビスフェノールA)、イソプロピリデンビス(オルトクレゾール)、テトラブロモビスフェノールA、1,3-ビス(4-ヒドロキシクミルベンゼン)、1,4-ビス(4-ヒドロキシクミルベンゼン)、1,1,3-トリス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタン、1,1,2,2-テトラ(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)エタン、チオビスフェノール、スルホニルビスフェノール、オキシビスフェノール、フェノールノボラック、オルソクレゾールノボラック、エチルフェノールノボラック、ブチルフェノールノボラック、オクチルフェノールノボラック、レゾルシンノボラック、テルペンフェノール等の多核多価フェノール化合物のポリグリシジルエーテル化合物;エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ブチレングリコール、ヘキサンジオール、ポリグリコール、チオジグリコール、グリセリン、トリメチロールプロパン、ペンタエリスリトール、ソルビトール、ビスフェノールA-アルキレンオキシド付加物、ジシクロペンタジエンジメタノールジグリシジルエーテル等の多価アルコール類のポリグリシジルエーテル;マレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸、コハク酸、グルタル酸、スベリン酸、アジピン酸、アゼライン酸、セバシン酸、ダイマー酸、トリマー酸、フタル酸、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸、トリメリット酸、トリメシン酸、ピロメリット酸、テトラヒドロフタル酸、ヘキサヒドロフタル酸、エンドメチレンテトラヒドロフタル酸等の脂肪族、芳香族又は脂環族多塩基酸のグリシジルエステル類;グリシジルメタクリレートの単独重合体又は共重合体;ビニルシクロヘキセンジエポキシド、ジシクロペンタンジエンジエポキサイド、3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシルメチル-3,4-エポキシシクロヘキサンカルボキシレート、3,4-エポキシ-6-メチルシクロヘキシルメチル-6-メチルシクロヘキサンカルボキシレート、ビス(3,4-エポキシ-6-メチルシクロヘキシルメチル)アジペート等の環状オレフィン化合物のエポキシ化物;エポキシ化ポリブタジエン、エポキシ化スチレン-ブタジエン共重合物等のエポキシ化共役ジエン重合体、トリグリシジルイソシアヌレート等の複素環化合物があげられる。また、これらのエポキシ樹脂は末端イソシアネートのプレポリマーによって内部架橋されたもの、あるいは多価の活性水素化合物(多価フェノール、ポリアミン、カルボニル基含有化合物、ポリリン酸エステル等)を用いて高分子量化したものでもよい。
更にこれらのイソシアネート化合物はカルボジイミド変性、イソシアヌレート変性、ビウレット変性等の形で用いてもよく、各種のブロッキング剤によってブロックされたブロックイソシアネートの形で用いてもよい。
特に、4価以上のポリチオール化合物を使用することによって硬化性に優れる硬化性組成物がえられるため好ましい。
[A]r+[B]r-
で表される陽イオンと陰イオンの塩をあげることができる。
[(R12)aQ]r+
で表すことができる。
[LYb]r-で表すことができる。
[LYb-1(OH)]r
で表される構造のものも好ましく用いることができる。L,Y,bは上記と同様である。
また、その他用いることのできる陰イオンとしては、過塩素酸イオン(ClO4)-、トリフルオロメチル亜硫酸イオン(CF3SO3)-、フルオロスルホン酸イオン(FSO3)-、トルエンスルホン酸陰イオン、トリニトロベンゼンスルホン酸陰イオン、カンファースルフォネート、ノナフロロブタンスルフォネート、ヘキサデカフロロオクタンスルフォネート、テトラアリールボレート、テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート等を挙げることができる。
その中でも、本発明の硬化性組成物は、(B)成分として光重合開始剤とアミン系硬化剤とを併用し、光照射によって仮硬化をした後で熱硬化する方法を好適に採用することができる。その場合には、エポキシ基のみを有する化合物及び/又は反応性不飽和結合のみを有する化合物を多く含有すると、硬化が不十分な場合があったり、硬化物の物性が低下したりするおそれがある。このため、エポキシ基のみを有する化合物及び/又は反応性不飽和結合のみを有する化合物の量が合計で、本発明の化合物(A)成分100質量部に対して100質量部以下であることが好ましく、70質量部以下であることが更に好ましい。また光重合開始剤は光ラジカル重合開始剤であることが好ましい。
本開示の硬化物の製造方法は、前記硬化性組成物を硬化させる硬化工程を有する。前記硬化工程の硬化方法は、加熱又は光照射の少なくともいずれか一方であり、両方であることが好ましい。
光硬化において、照射される光としては、波長300nm~450nmの光を含むものとすることができる。光硬化に用いる光源としては、低圧水銀灯、中圧水銀灯、高圧水銀灯、超高圧水銀灯、キセノンランプ、メタルハロゲンランプ、電子線照射装置、X線照射装置、レーザー(アルゴンレーザー、色素レーザー、窒素レーザー、LED、ヘリウムカドミウムレーザー等)が挙げられる。
[1]
下記一般式(1)で表される化合物。
[2]
下記一般式(2)で表される化合物。
[3]
下記一般式(3)で表される化合物とエピハロヒドリンとを反応させて前記一般式(2)で表される化合物を製造し、これにアクリル酸誘導体及び/又はメタクリル酸誘導体を用いてエステル化することを特徴とする前記一般式(1)で表される化合物の製造方法。
[4]
前記一般式(1)で表される化合物と、
前記一般式(2)で表される化合物及び下記一般式(4)で表される化合物の少なくとも一方と、を含有する硬化性材料。
[5]
前記一般式(4)で表される化合物を含有する[4]に記載の硬化性材料。
[6]
(A)[1]に記載の化合物の少なくとも一種と、(B)硬化剤の中から選ばれる少なくとも一種とを含有する硬化性組成物。
[7]
さらに、前記一般式(2)で表される化合物および前記一般式(4)で表される化合物の少なくとも一方を含有する[6]に記載の硬化性組成物。
[8]
[6]又は[7]に記載の硬化性組成物を硬化させる硬化工程を有する硬化物の製造方法。
[9]
前記硬化工程の硬化方法が、加熱又は光照射の少なくともいずれか一方である、[8]に記載の硬化物の製造方法。
[10]
[6]又は[7]に記載の硬化性組成物の硬化物。
還流装置、攪拌装置および滴下装置を備えたフラスコ中に、DOP(下記式で表される化合物)238g(1.0モル)、エピクロロヒドリン463g(5.0モル、5.0当量)を仕込んだ。ここに、48質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液79g(0.95モル)を65~70℃、21.0kPaで2時間30分かけて滴下した。反応終了後、余剰のエピクロロヒドリンを減圧留去した。その後、そこにトルエン450g(150質量%)を加え、3回水洗した後トルエンを除去し、粗生物を得た。
粗収量277.35g、粗収率93.7%、エポキシ当量314g/eq.(理論エポキシ当量294g/eq.)、可鹸化塩素4600ppm
前記粗生物266gをトルエン450g(150質量%)に溶解し、48質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液4.7g(50ミリモル)を滴下して60℃で2時間反応させた。得られた反応生成物を3回水洗した後にトルエンを除去し、目的物を得た。
収量277.35g、収率93.7%、エポキシ当量298g/eq.(理論エポキシ当量294g/eq.)、全塩素1500質量ppm
得られた化合物(DOP-EP)のH1-NMR測定結果を下記に示した。NMRは日本電子製ECX-400を用いて測定した。測定溶媒として重ジメチルスルホキシド(重DMSO)を用いた。
還流装置および攪拌装置を備えたフラスコ中に、前記により得られた化合物DOP-EP236g(0.80モル)、およびアクリル酸メチル310g(3.6モル、4.5当量)を仕込んだ。更に、テトラブトキシチタン6.8g(2.5モル%)およびトルエン353g(150質量%)を仕込み、81℃~87℃で11時間攪拌しながら脱メタノールしてエステル化反応を行った。反応生成物に水を加えて60℃で1時間攪拌後、60℃、20Paで還流脱水を行い、ろ過後トルエンを除去し目的物(下記DOP-EP-AC)を得た。
収量238.5g、収率93.7%、エポキシ当量369g/eq.(理論エポキシ当量348g/eq.)、全塩素770質量ppm、Ti原子含有量1.3質量ppm
得られた化合物DOP-EP-ACのH1-NMR測定結果を下記に示した。NMRは日本電子製ECX-NMRは日本電子製ECX-400を用いて測定した。測定溶媒として重ジメチルスルホキシド(重DMSO)を用いた。
前記実施例2により得られたDOP-EP-AC100質量部、イルガキュア184(ビーエーエスエフ社製;1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキサン-1-イルフェニルケトン)3質量部及び2-エチル-4-メチルイミダゾール3質量部を遊星撹拌装置で混練し、硬化性組成物を調製した。ガラス板上に、前記で調製した硬化性組成物をバーコーターで300μm厚で塗布して塗膜を得た。得られた硬化性組成物について下記条件にて、光硬化を実施するか、又は光硬化及び熱硬化をこの順で実施し、その硬化物の動的粘弾性試験を下記条件にて実施した。結果を図1に示す。なお光照射後、熱硬化前の段階で硬化が十分に進行し、離型可能な塗膜が出来ていることを確認した。
光硬化:HOYA製LED-UV照射器LSシリーズで0.5Wにて2.0秒紫外線を照射した。
熱硬化:熱循環式オーブンにて150℃で2時間加熱した。
動的粘弾性試験:TAインスツルメント製RSAを用いて、ガラス転移点(Tg)を測定した。試験片としては幅4mm×長さ60mm×厚さ300μmの短冊状の試験片を作成した。
還流装置、攪拌装置および滴下装置を備えたフラスコ中に、DOP2(下記式で表される化合物)160g(0.67モル)、エピクロロヒドリン496g(5.4モル、8.0当量)を仕込んだ。ここに48質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液53.3g(0.64モル)を65~70℃、18.0kPaで2時間30分かけて滴下した。反応終了後、余剰のエピクロロヒドリンを減圧留去した。その後、そこにトルエン298g(150質量%)を加え、3回水洗した後トルエンを除去し、粗生物を得た。
粗収量181.2g、粗収率91.7%、エポキシ当量316g/eq.(理論エポキシ当量294g/eq.)、可鹸化塩素3400ppm
前記粗生物166gをトルエン332g(200質量%)に溶解し、48質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液2.0g(24ミリモル)を滴下して60℃で2時間反応させた。反応生成物を3回水洗した後にトルエンを除去し、目的物を得た。
収量159.9g、収率96.3%、エポキシ当量324g/eq.(理論エポキシ当量294g/eq.)、全塩素736ppm
得られた化合物(DOP2-EP)のH1-NMR測定結果を下記に示した。NMRは日本電子製ECX-400を用いて測定した。測定溶媒として重ジメチルスルホキシド(重DMSO)を用いた。
還流装置および攪拌装置を備えたフラスコ中に、前記により得られた化合物DOP2-EP130g(0.44モル)、およびアクリル酸メチル148g(1.7モル、3.9当量)を仕込んだ。更に、テトラブトキシチタン3.8g(2.5モル%)およびトルエン195g(150質量%)を仕込み、81℃~87℃で21時間攪拌しながら脱メタノール反応を行った。得られた反応生成物に水を加えて60℃で1時間攪拌後、60℃、20Paで還流脱水を行い、ろ過後トルエンを除去し目的物(下記DOP2-EP-AC)を得た。
収量133.3g、収率86.6%、エポキシ当量395g/eq.(理論エポキシ当量348g/eq.)、全塩素604質量ppm、Ti原子含有量22.0質量ppm
得られた化合物DOP2-EP-ACのH1-NMR測定結果を下記に示した。NMRは日本電子製ECX-400を用いて測定した。測定溶媒として重ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)を用いた。
前記実施例5により得られたDOP2-EP-AC100質量部、イルガキュア184(ビーエーエスエフ社製;1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキサン-1-イルフェニルケトン)3質量部及び2-エチル-4-メチルイミダゾール3質量部を遊星撹拌装置で混練し、硬化性組成物を調製した。ガラス板上に、前記で調製した硬化性組成物をバーコーターで300μm厚で塗布して塗膜を得た。得られた硬化性組成物について下記条件にて、光硬化及び熱硬化をこの順で実施し、その硬化物の動的粘弾性試験を下記条件にて実施した。結果を図2に示した(UV curing の結果は未測定)。なお光照射後、熱硬化前の段階で硬化が十分に進行し、離型可能な塗膜が出来ていることを確認した。
光硬化:HOYA製LED-UV照射器LSシリーズで0.5Wにて2.0秒紫外線を照射した。
熱硬化:熱循環式オーブンにて150℃×2時間加熱した。
DMA(動的粘弾性測定):TAインスツルメント製RSAを用いて、ガラス転移点(Tg)を測定した。試験片としては幅5mm×長さ60mm×厚さ300μmの短冊状の試験片を作成した。
還流装置および攪拌装置を備えたフラスコ中に、前記により得られた化合物DOP2-EP130g(0.44モル)、およびアクリル酸メチル148g(1.7モル、3.9当量)を仕込んだ。更に、テトラブトキシチタン3.8g(2.5モル%)、トルエン195g(150質量%)を仕込み、81℃~87℃で12時間攪拌しながら脱メタノール反応を行った。得られた反応生成物に水を加えて60℃で1時間攪拌後、60℃、20Paで還流脱水を行い、ろ過後トルエンを除去し、硬化性材料1を得た。ガスクロマトグラフィーにより分析したところ、上記硬化性材料1は、DOP2-EP及びDOP2-EP-ACの混合物であり、質量比(DOP2-EP:DOP2-EP-AC)が5:95であることが確認できた。
還流装置、攪拌装置および滴下装置を備えたフラスコ中に、DOP2を160g(0.67モル)、エピクロロヒドリン496g(5.4モル、8.0当量)を仕込んだ。ここに、48質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液53.3g(0.70モル)を65~70℃、18.0kPaで2時間30分かけて滴下した。反応終了後、余剰のエピクロロヒドリンを減圧留去した。その後、そこにトルエン298g(150質量%)を加え、3回水洗した後トルエンを除去し、硬化性材料2を得た。ガスクロマトグラフィーにより分析したところ、上記硬化性材料2は、DOP2-EP及びDOP2-EP2の混合物であり、質量比(DOP2-EP:DOP2-EP2)が97:3であることが確認できた。
還流装置および攪拌装置を備えたフラスコ中に、前記により得られた硬化性材料2を130g(0.44モル)、およびアクリル酸メチル148g(1.7モル、3.9当量)を仕込んだ。更に、テトラブトキシチタン3.8g(2.5モル%)およびトルエン195g(150質量%)を仕込み、81℃~87℃で12時間攪拌しながら脱メタノール反応を行った。得られた反応生成物に水を加えて60℃で1時間攪拌後、60℃、20Paで還流脱水を行い、ろ過後トルエンを除去し、硬化性材料3を得た。ガスクロマトグラフィーにより分析したところ、上記硬化性材料3は、DOP2-EP、DOP2-EP-AC、DOP2-EP-ACの混合物であり、質量比(DOP2-EP:DOP2-EP2:DOP2-EP-AC)が5:3:92であることが確認できた。
光硬化:HOYA製LED-UV照射器LSシリーズで0.5Wにて2.0秒紫外線を照射した。
(光硬化性の評価基準)
A:光硬化後、熱硬化前において、硬化が十分に進行し、離型可能な塗膜が形成されていることを確認した。
B:光硬化後、熱硬化前において、硬化が不十分で離型可能な塗膜が形成されていないことを確認した。
熱硬化:熱循環式オーブンにて150℃×2時間加熱した。
(熱硬化性の評価基準)
A:熱硬化後において、硬化が十分に進行し、離型可能な塗膜が形成されていることを確認した。
B:熱硬化後において、硬化が不十分であり、硬化が不十分で離型可能な塗膜が形成されていないことを確認した。
Claims (10)
- 下記一般式(1)で表される化合物。
式中、R1は水素原子又はメチル基を表し、R2は、それぞれ独立に、炭素原子数1~20のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~20のアルコキシ基、置換基として炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~10のアルコキシ基若しくはハロゲン原子を有してもよい炭素原子数5~10のアリール基又はハロゲン原子を表し、R3は、水素原子、炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、ヒドロキシメチル基、グリシジルエーテル基、メチルグリシジルエーテル基、アクリロイルオキシメチル基又はメタクリロイルオキシメチル基を表わし、R4は水素原子又はメチル基を表わす。nは0~4の数を表わす。 - 下記一般式(3)で表される化合物とエピハロヒドリンとを反応させて下記一般式(2)で表される化合物を製造し、これにアクリル酸誘導体及び/又はメタクリル酸誘導体を用いてエステル化することを特徴とする下記一般式(1)で表される化合物の製造方法。
式中、R2は、それぞれ独立に、炭素原子数1~20のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~20のアルコキシ基、置換基として炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~10のアルコキシ基若しくはハロゲン原子を有してもよい炭素原子数5~10のアリール基又はハロゲン原子を表す。R6は水素原子、炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基又はヒドロキシメチル基を表わす。nは0~4の数を表わす。
式中、R1は水素原子又はメチル基を表し、R2は、それぞれ独立に、炭素原子数1~20のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~20のアルコキシ基、置換基として炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~10のアルコキシ基若しくはハロゲン原子を有してもよい炭素原子数5~10のアリール基又はハロゲン原子を表わし、R5は水素原子、炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、ヒドロキシメチル基、グリシジルエーテル基又はメチルグリシジルエーテル基を表す。nは0~4の数を表わす。
式中、R1は水素原子又はメチル基を表し、R2は、それぞれ独立に、炭素原子数1~20のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~20のアルコキシ基、置換基として炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~10のアルコキシ基若しくはハロゲン原子を有してもよい炭素原子数5~10のアリール基又はハロゲン原子を表し、R3は、水素原子、炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、ヒドロキシメチル基、グリシジルエーテル基、メチルグリシジルエーテル基、アクリロイルオキシメチル基又はメタクリロイルオキシメチル基を表わし、R4は水素原子又はメチル基を表わす。nは0~4の数を表わす。 - 下記一般式(1)で表される化合物と、
下記一般式(2)で表される化合物及び下記一般式(4)で表される化合物の少なくとも一方と、を含有する硬化性材料。
式中、R1は水素原子又はメチル基を表し、R2は、それぞれ独立に、炭素原子数1~20のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~20のアルコキシ基、置換基として炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~10のアルコキシ基若しくはハロゲン原子を有してもよい炭素原子数5~10のアリール基又はハロゲン原子を表し、R3は、水素原子、炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、ヒドロキシメチル基、グリシジルエーテル基、メチルグリシジルエーテル基、アクリロイルオキシメチル基又はメタクリロイルオキシメチル基を表わし、R4は水素原子又はメチル基を表わす。nは0~4の数を表わす。
式中、R1は水素原子又はメチル基を表し、R2は、それぞれ独立に、炭素原子数1~20のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~20のアルコキシ基、置換基として炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~10のアルコキシ基若しくはハロゲン原子を有してもよい炭素原子数5~10のアリール基又はハロゲン原子を表わし、R5は水素原子、炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、ヒドロキシメチル基、グリシジルエーテル基又はメチルグリシジルエーテル基を表す。nは0~4の数を表わす。
式中、R7は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素原子数1~20のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~20のアルコキシ基、置換基として炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~10のアルコキシ基、水酸基若しくはハロゲン原子を有してもよい炭素原子数5~10のアリール基、水酸基又はハロゲン原子を表し、R8は、水素原子、炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、ヒドロキシアルキル基、グリシジルエーテル基、メチルグリシジルエーテル基、グリシジルオキシアルキル基、β-メチルグリシジルオキシアルキル基、アクリロイルオキシアルキル基又はメタクリロイルオキシアルキル基を表わす。R9は水素原子又はメチル基を表す。mは0~4の数を表わす。 - 前記一般式(4)で表される化合物を含有する請求項4に記載の硬化性材料。
- (A)請求項1に記載の化合物の少なくとも一種と、(B)硬化剤の中から選ばれる少なくとも一種とを含有する硬化性組成物。
- さらに、下記一般式(2)で表される化合物および下記一般式(4)で表される化合物の少なくとも一方を含有する請求項6に記載の硬化性組成物。
式中、R1は水素原子又はメチル基を表し、R2は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素原子数1~20のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~20のアルコキシ基、置換基として炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~10のアルコキシ基若しくはハロゲン原子を有してもよい炭素原子数5~10のアリール基又はハロゲン原子を表わし、R5は炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、ヒドロキシメチル基、グリシジルエーテル基又はメチルグリシジルエーテル基を表す。nは0~4の数を表わす。
式中、R7は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素原子数1~20のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~20のアルコキシ基、置換基として炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~10のアルコキシ基、水酸基若しくはハロゲン原子を有してもよい炭素原子数5~10のアリール基、水酸基又はハロゲン原子を表し、R8は、水素原子、炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基、ヒドロキシアルキル基、グリシジルエーテル基、メチルグリシジルエーテル基、グリシジルオキシアルキル基、β-メチルグリシジルオキシアルキル基、アクリロイルオキシアルキル基又はメタクリロイルオキシアルキル基を表わす。R9は水素原子又はメチル基を表す。mは0~4の数を表わす。 - 請求項6又は請求項7に記載の硬化性組成物を硬化させる硬化工程を有する硬化物の製造方法。
- 前記硬化工程の硬化方法が、加熱又は光照射の少なくともいずれか一方である、請求項8に記載の硬化物の製造方法。
- 請求項6又は請求項7に記載の硬化性組成物の硬化物。
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| US20200048301A1 (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-02-13 | Rowan University | Epoxy-(meth)acrylate monomers and polymers and methods of making and using the same |
| CN111704711A (zh) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-09-25 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | 一种基于缩醛结构的环氧单体及其制备方法与应用 |
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| JPS6099181A (ja) * | 1983-11-02 | 1985-06-03 | Toagosei Chem Ind Co Ltd | 硬化性組成物 |
| JP2009149649A (ja) * | 2007-12-24 | 2009-07-09 | Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation Yonsei Univ | エポキシ基と不飽和二重結合を有する光重合性単量体およびこれを含有する光重合組成物 |
| JP2010013507A (ja) * | 2008-07-01 | 2010-01-21 | Three Bond Co Ltd | エポキシ樹脂組成物 |
| US20200048301A1 (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-02-13 | Rowan University | Epoxy-(meth)acrylate monomers and polymers and methods of making and using the same |
| CN111704711A (zh) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-09-25 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | 一种基于缩醛结构的环氧单体及其制备方法与应用 |
| JP2023110567A (ja) * | 2022-01-28 | 2023-08-09 | 株式会社Adeka | 化合物、硬化性組成物、化合物の製造方法 |
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| WO2025062839A1 (ja) * | 2023-09-21 | 2025-03-27 | 株式会社Adeka | 化合物、エポキシ樹脂、硬化性組成物、リサイクル用材料、硬化物、硬化物の製造方法、分解物の製造方法及び分解方法 |
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