WO2024041439A1 - Fibre continue composite d'aérogel de sio2, procédé de préparation associé et utilisation correspondante - Google Patents
Fibre continue composite d'aérogel de sio2, procédé de préparation associé et utilisation correspondante Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024041439A1 WO2024041439A1 PCT/CN2023/113474 CN2023113474W WO2024041439A1 WO 2024041439 A1 WO2024041439 A1 WO 2024041439A1 CN 2023113474 W CN2023113474 W CN 2023113474W WO 2024041439 A1 WO2024041439 A1 WO 2024041439A1
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- solution
- sio
- composite fiber
- phenolic resin
- Prior art date
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002166 wet spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical group C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000352 supercritical drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- TUQLLQQWSNWKCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxymethylsilane Chemical compound COC([SiH3])(OC)OC TUQLLQQWSNWKCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ACXIAEKDVUJRSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(silyloxy)silane Chemical compound C[SiH2]O[SiH3] ACXIAEKDVUJRSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 90
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011240 wet gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ARYZCSRUUPFYMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH3] ARYZCSRUUPFYMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004660 morphological change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/12—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
- C04B26/122—Phenol-formaldehyde condensation polymers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D27/00—Details of garments or of their making
- A41D27/02—Linings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/06—Thermally protective, e.g. insulating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/08—Heat resistant; Fire retardant
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D2400/00—Functions or special features of garments
- A41D2400/10—Heat retention or warming
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D2500/00—Materials for garments
- A41D2500/50—Synthetic resins or rubbers
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation and relates to a continuous SiO 2 airgel composite fiber and its preparation method and application.
- SiO 2 aerogel has a very low thermal conductivity due to its porous, low density, and large specific surface area, and it decomposes without producing toxic gases, so it is considered an ideal thermal insulation material.
- SiO 2 aerogel has low strength and is easily broken, which limits its application range.
- it is necessary to go through the steps of hydrolysis, polymerization (gelation), solvent replacement, and hydrophobic modification before drying.
- SiO 2 aerogel is not prepared at normal temperature and pressure, The machine requirements are high, the cost is increased and industrialization is difficult; however, if SiO 2 aerogel is prepared at normal temperature and pressure, the gelation speed will be very slow during the polymerization stage, which also increases the difficulty of SiO 2 aerogel preparation cycle.
- SiO 2 aerogel is combined with other flexible materials, its application is not only limited by the form of the substrate that is combined with SiO 2 aerogel, but is also still limited by long preparation cycles or difficulties in industrialization due to high costs.
- SiO 2 airgel has a certain degree of flexibility.
- foldability morphological changes and industrialization potential, it can adapt to multiple application scenarios. This can expand the application scope of SiO2 airgel and provide a technical basis for its application in thermal insulation fillers, linings, thermal protective clothing, etc.
- the present invention aims to provide a continuous SiO 2 airgel composite fiber and its preparation method and application.
- the continuous SiO 2 airgel composite fiber has excellent thermal insulation properties and flame retardant properties, and is flexible and Good strength.
- the invention provides a preparation method of continuous SiO 2 airgel composite fiber, which includes the following steps:
- the silicon source is at least one of trimethoxymethylsilane, tetramethoxysilane, ethyl orthosilicate and water glass.
- the acidic catalyst is one of oxalic acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, formic acid and acetic acid;
- the alkaline catalyst is one of sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and ammonia water.
- the average weight average molecular weight of the high molecular weight thermosetting phenolic resin in the high molecular weight thermosetting phenolic resin solution is 600.
- thermosetting phenolic resin in the high molecular weight thermosetting phenolic resin solution is one of F-51B, F-52B and F-44B.
- step S2 the concentration of the high molecular weight thermosetting phenolic resin in the high molecular weight thermosetting phenolic resin solution is 40wt% to 50wt%, and the high molecular weight thermosetting phenolic resin solution and the SiO 2 airgel precursor solution The volume ratio is (1 ⁇ 2):3.
- the coagulation bath of the wet spinning is specifically: under the temperature condition of 40°C to 60°C, the coagulation bath is first carried out in an anhydrous ethanol solution containing a silicon source, and then the coagulation is carried out in a sodium sulfate solution containing boric acid. bath.
- the volume concentration of the silicon source is 10% to 30%; in the sodium sulfate solution containing boric acid, the volume concentration of boric acid is 0.5% to 2%.
- the winding speed of the virgin silk after wet spinning is 5-50m/min.
- the hydrophobic modification is specifically carried out by using a n-hexane solution of a hydrophobic modifier, and the hydrophobic modifier is trimethylchlorosilane, hexamethyldisiloxane and One of hexamethyldisilazane, the modification time is 8 to 12 hours.
- the volume concentration of the hydrophobic modifier is 10% to 20%.
- drying is using liquid CO 2 supercritical drying and then vacuum drying at 150°C to 180°C for 1 to 2 hours.
- the invention also provides the above continuous SiO 2 airgel composite fiber or the continuous SiO 2 airgel composite prepared by the above preparation method. Application of fibers in thermal insulation materials or flame retardant materials.
- the thermal insulation material is a protective clothing lining or thermal insulation felt.
- the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
- the preparation method provided by the present invention realizes rapid gelation of the precursor solution in the polymerization stage at normal temperature and pressure by adding a high molecular weight thermosetting phenolic resin to the precursor solution and adjusting the pH, and the added phenolic resin increases
- the spinnability of SiO 2 aerogel has an enhanced and toughening effect, making the SiO 2 aerogel weavable and processable. It is then obtained through wet spinning processing and subsequent hydrophobic modification and supercritical drying.
- Continuous SiO 2 airgel composite fiber not only has a simple preparation method, but also solves the problems of traditional SiO 2 airgel being easily broken and having low strength.
- the continuous SiO 2 airgel composite fiber provided by the present invention not only has good thermal insulation properties, but also has certain toughness, strength, corrosion resistance, and no toxic gas is produced when burned.
- SiO 2 aerogel Since SiO 2 aerogel has excellent thermal stability, and after carbonization of phenolics at high temperatures, it can also play a role in heat insulation and maintain the shape of SiO 2 aerogel fiber.
- the fiber also has excellent flame retardant effect.
- Figure 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of continuous SiO 2 airgel composite fiber provided by the present invention
- Figure 2 is a stress-elongation curve of the continuous SiO 2 airgel composite fiber prepared in Example 1;
- Figure 3 is a physical diagram showing that the continuous SiO 2 airgel composite fiber prepared in Example 1 can still maintain fiber shape despite carbonization at high temperatures;
- Figure 4 is a weight loss curve of the SiO 2 aerogel prepared in Comparative Example 1;
- Figure 5 is a physical picture of the granular SiO 2 aerogel that cannot form fibers in Comparative Example 1.
- the present invention provides a method for preparing continuous SiO 2 airgel composite fibers, which includes the following steps:
- the acidic catalyst can be one of oxalic acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, formic acid and acetic acid.
- thermosetting phenolic resin solution Add the high molecular weight thermosetting phenolic resin solution to the SiO 2 airgel precursor solution, stir thoroughly and mix evenly, then add the alkaline catalyst dropwise while stirring at low speed until the pH is 6-7, and let it stand for 2- After 3 hours, use the spinning stock solution for wet spinning to obtain virgin silk;
- the high molecular weight thermosetting phenolic resin in the high molecular weight thermosetting phenolic resin solution can be one of F-51B, F-52B and F-44B.
- the alkaline catalyst is one of sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and ammonia.
- the specific coagulation bath of wet spinning is: under the temperature condition of 40°C to 60°C, first conduct a coagulation bath in an absolute ethanol solution containing a silicon source, and then conduct a coagulation bath in a sodium sulfate solution containing boric acid.
- the volume concentration of the silicon source is preferably 10% to 30%; in the sodium sulfate solution containing boric acid, the volume concentration of boric acid is preferably 0.5% to 2%.
- the winding speed of the virgin silk after wet spinning is 5-50m/min.
- Hydrophobic modification is specifically carried out by using a n-hexane solution of a hydrophobic modifier.
- the hydrophobic modifier can be one of trimethylchlorosilane, hexamethyldisiloxane and hexamethyldisilazane.
- the modification time is 8 to 12 hours.
- the volume concentration of the hydrophobic modifier is 10% to 20%.
- the drying method specifically uses liquid CO2 supercritical drying and then vacuum drying at 150°C to 180°C for 1 to 2 hours.
- a phenolic resin reinforced continuous SiO 2 airgel fiber the preparation steps of which are as follows:
- the spinning stock solution is extruded through the spinneret and passes through two coagulation baths.
- the coagulation bath temperature is 55°C.
- the solute is a silicon source and the solvent is anhydrous ethanol.
- the solute volume concentration is 20%.
- a sodium sulfate solution with a boric acid content of 1% after passing through the coagulation bath, virgin silk is obtained, and the winding speed of the virgin silk is 20m/min;
- the drying process is divided into two steps.
- the first step is supercritical drying with liquid CO2
- the second step is vacuum drying at 160°C for 1 hour, that is, continuous SiO2 airgel composite fiber.
- the continuous SiO 2 airgel composite fiber obtained in Example 1 can be formed and has a certain strength. Clamp the fiber on the upper and lower chucks of the tensile testing machine. The distance between the chucks is 10cm. Start the machine until the fiber breaks and stop the stretching movement. Export the data to make a stress-elongation curve.
- the stress-elongation curve is shown in Figure 2. According to Figure 2, it can be seen that the breaking strength of the fiber is approximately 0.75N, indicating that the fiber has a certain strength and processability.
- a phenolic resin reinforced continuous SiO 2 airgel fiber the preparation steps of which are as follows:
- the spinning solution After the spinning solution is extruded through the spinneret, it passes through two coagulation baths.
- the coagulation bath temperature is 55°C.
- the solute is silicon source-trimethoxymethylsilane and the solvent is absolute ethanol.
- the drying process is divided into two steps.
- the first step is supercritical drying with liquid CO2
- the second step is vacuum drying at 160°C for 1 hour, that is, continuous SiO2 airgel composite fiber.
- Example 3 uses water glass as silicon source
- the spinning solution After the spinning solution is extruded through the spinneret, it passes through two coagulation baths.
- the coagulation bath temperature is 55°C. They are a mixture of silicon source-water glass and absolute ethanol. The volume concentration of water glass is 20 %, and a sodium sulfate solution with a boric acid content of 1%; after passing through the coagulation bath, virgin silk is obtained, and the winding speed of the virgin silk is 20m/min;
- the drying process is divided into two steps. The first step is supercritical drying with liquid CO2 , and the second step is vacuum drying at 160°C for 1 hour, that is Continuous SiO 2 airgel composite fibers were obtained.
- Example 4 uses tetramethoxysilane as the silicon source
- the drying process is divided into two steps.
- the first step is supercritical drying with liquid CO2
- the second step is vacuum drying at 160°C for 1 hour, that is, continuous SiO2 airgel composite fiber.
- the spinning stock solution is extruded through the spinneret and passes through two coagulation baths.
- the coagulation bath temperature is 55°C.
- the solute is a silicon source and the solvent is anhydrous ethanol.
- the solute volume concentration is 20%. and a sodium sulfate solution with a boric acid content of 1%; however, what is obtained after passing through the coagulation bath is not virgin silk, but a brittle wet gel that cannot be rolled, is not easy to collect, and is very easy to break;
- the drying process is divided into two steps. The first step is supercritical drying with liquid CO2 , and the second step is vacuum drying at 160°C for 1 hour to obtain are particles.
- This comparative example provides a SiO 2 airgel fiber, which differs from Example 1 in that there is no backup in the preparation step (1).
- F-52B type phenolic resin solution that is, in step (2), a certain volume of F-52B type phenolic resin solution is not added to the precursor solution.
- the SiO 2 airgel fiber obtained in Comparative Example 1 has a low molding rate, very low strength, is brittle, and cannot be subjected to mechanical testing. It is granular and discontinuous as shown in Figure 5. However, its particles have excellent thermal stability.
- the thermogravimetric curve is shown in Figure 4. According to Figure 4, it can be seen that its weight loss rate at 800°C is higher than 75%.
- the spinning solution After the spinning solution is extruded through the spinneret, it passes through two coagulation baths.
- the coagulation bath temperature is 55°C.
- the solute is a silicon source and the solvent is anhydrous ethanol.
- the solute volume concentration is 20%.
- a sodium sulfate solution with a boric acid content of 1% after passing through the coagulation bath, virgin silk is obtained, and the winding speed of the virgin silk is 20m/min;
- the drying process is divided into two steps.
- the first step is supercritical drying with liquid CO2
- the second step is vacuum drying at 160°C for 1 hour, that is, continuous SiO2 airgel composite fiber.
- This comparative example provides a SiO 2 airgel fiber.
- the difference from Example 1 is that the pH value range of the mixed sol in step (2) is not 6-7, that is, ammonia water is added in step (2). Finally, adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 4-5 to obtain a mixed sol.
- the spinning stock solution is extruded through the spinneret and passes through two coagulation baths.
- the coagulation bath temperature is 55°C.
- the solute is a silicon source and the solvent is anhydrous ethanol.
- the solute volume concentration is 20%.
- a sodium sulfate solution with a boric acid content of 1% after passing through the coagulation bath, virgin silk is obtained, and the winding speed of the virgin silk is 20m/min;
- the drying process is divided into two steps.
- the first step is supercritical drying with liquid CO2
- the second step is vacuum drying at 160°C for 1 hour, that is, continuous SiO2 airgel composite fiber.
- This comparative example provides a SiO 2 airgel fiber.
- the difference from Example 1 is that the pH value range of the mixed sol in step (2) is not 6-7, that is, ammonia water is added in step (2). Finally, adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 8-9 to obtain a mixed sol.
- the preparation period of the SiO2 airgel fibers obtained in Comparative Examples 2 and 3 is 4-6 hours longer than that of Example 1. Because the gel speed is greatly reduced after the pH value changes, the resting time before wet spinning becomes longer, which extends preparation cycle.
- the prepared phenolic resin-reinforced continuous SiO 2 aerogel fibers not only have good thermal insulation It also has certain toughness, strength, corrosion resistance, no toxic gas is produced when burned, the process is simple, and the cycle is short. Moreover, the fiber also has a flame-retardant effect and can be used in the field of thermal insulation, such as making thermal protective clothing linings and insulation felts, acting as thermal insulation fillers, etc.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
La présente invention se rapporte au domaine technique de la préparation de matériau composite et concerne une fibre continue composite d'aérogel de SiO2, un procédé de préparation associé et une utilisation correspondante. La méthode de préparation consiste à : S1, mélanger une source de silicium, de l'éthanol et de l'eau jusqu'à l'uniformité, ajouter lentement, goutte à goutte, un catalyseur acide jusqu'à ce que le pH soit égal à 3, agiter le mélange ainsi obtenu pendant 1,5 à 2 h et le laisser reposer pendant 2 à 3 h pour obtenir une solution de précurseur d'aérogel de SiO2 ; S2, ajouter une solution de résine phénolique thermodurcissable de poids moléculaire élevé, ajouter, goutte-à-goutte, un catalyseur basique tout en agitant à une faible vitesse jusqu'à ce que le pH soit situé dans la plage allant de 6 à 7, laisser le mélange reposer pendant 2 à 3 h et le soumettre en tant que solution de filage à un filage humide pour obtenir un filament brut de filage ; et S3, soumettre le filament brut de filage à une modification hydrophobe, puis le tremper dans du n-hexane pendant 12 à 24 h, l'extraire et le sécher pour obtenir une fibre continue composite d'aérogel de SiO2. La fibre continue composite d'aérogel de SiO2 présente de bonnes performances d'isolation thermique et ignifuges, présente également une bonne flexibilité et une bonne résistance et peut être appliquée à la préparation de matériaux de conservation de chaleur et d'isolation thermique ou de matériaux ignifuges.
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CN115417620B (zh) * | 2022-08-24 | 2023-09-15 | 南通大学 | 一种连续SiO2气凝胶复合纤维及其制备方法与应用 |
CN115976689A (zh) * | 2023-01-03 | 2023-04-18 | 青岛大学 | 一种海藻多糖复合功能纤维的制备方法 |
CN116532058B (zh) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-10-17 | 北京玻钢院复合材料有限公司 | 一种无机硅杂化改性酚醛气凝胶及其制备方法 |
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