WO2023206932A1 - 一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统及其使用方法 - Google Patents

一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统及其使用方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023206932A1
WO2023206932A1 PCT/CN2022/119563 CN2022119563W WO2023206932A1 WO 2023206932 A1 WO2023206932 A1 WO 2023206932A1 CN 2022119563 W CN2022119563 W CN 2022119563W WO 2023206932 A1 WO2023206932 A1 WO 2023206932A1
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Prior art keywords
brake shoe
brake
metal probe
unit
monorail crane
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PCT/CN2022/119563
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
汤裕
朱真才
沈刚
李翔
高蒙蒙
王威
彭玉兴
周公博
卢昊
王庆国
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中国矿业大学
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Application filed by 中国矿业大学 filed Critical 中国矿业大学
Priority to AU2022408197A priority Critical patent/AU2022408197A1/en
Publication of WO2023206932A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023206932A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D63/00—Brakes not otherwise provided for; Brakes combining more than one of the types of groups F16D49/00 - F16D61/00
    • F16D63/008—Brakes acting on a linearly moving member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61H7/00—Brakes with braking members co-operating with the track
    • B61H7/12—Grippers co-operating frictionally with tracks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F16D66/02—Apparatus for indicating wear
    • F16D66/021—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means
    • F16D66/022—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means indicating that a lining is worn to minimum allowable thickness

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of monorail cranes, and in particular to a multi-point synchronous braking control system for monorail cranes and a method of using the same.
  • the monorail crane is a multi-functional, high-efficiency modern coal mine auxiliary transportation equipment that can efficiently complete the hoisting and transportation operations of mine materials, underground equipment and operators, among which the braking system carries the task of safety assurance. Whether the braking system can work stably and effectively is directly related to the safe operation of the monorail crane, which has an important impact on the production of coal mines and even the life safety of personnel.
  • monorail crane transportation systems usually use multiple driving parts to pull the locomotive.
  • Each driving part contains at least one brake.
  • Each driving part is separated by a certain distance, and the distance between the head and tail can be up to tens of meters.
  • the monorail crane is braking, since the existing multiple sets of brakes are controlled by the same hydraulic component, after the control system gives the braking command, due to the different lengths of the hydraulic pipelines in the system (the maximum difference can be tens of meters ), differences in brake response characteristics, different wear states of brake shoes, etc., which lead to unsynchronized actions of multiple sets of brakes during the braking process, which in turn leads to increased wear of some brake shoes, causing premature brake failure, and increasing potential safety hazards in braking , but currently there is still a lack of simple and effective synchronous control methods for multiple sets of brakes on monorail cranes at home and abroad. Therefore, solving the problem of multi-point synchronous braking control of monorail crane is of great significance to improving the braking safety of monorail crane.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-point synchronous braking control system for a monorail crane and its use method, which can effectively solve the problem that the monorail crane cannot achieve multi-point synchronous braking control.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • the invention provides a multi-point synchronous braking control system for a monorail crane, which includes a touch detection unit, a common roller unit, a hydraulic unit, a synchronous control unit and a connecting cable.
  • the touch detection unit is installed on the brake of the monorail crane.
  • On the brake shoe the common end roller unit is installed on the traveling track and connected to the frame of the monorail crane.
  • the touch detection unit includes a bobbin connected to the brake shoe.
  • the bobbin is provided with a cylinder corresponding to the traveling track.
  • a metal probe, a circular boss is formed on the metal probe, and a limiting bolt corresponding to the circular boss is formed on the inner wall of the bobbin.
  • the metal probe can be used when the brake brake is applied.
  • the brake shoe In contact with the driving track or limit bolt, the brake shoe is connected to a hydraulic unit through a brake arm.
  • the metal probe, limit bolt, hydraulic unit, and common roller unit are electrically connected to the synchronous control unit through a connecting cable.
  • the synchronous control unit includes a lost motion time detection module, a synchronous control module, and a wear warning module.
  • the lost motion time detection module is connected to the metal probe and the common roller unit through a connecting cable.
  • the wear warning module is electrically connected to the idle time detection module, the wear warning module and the hydraulic unit through the connection cable and the limit bolt.
  • the hydraulic unit includes a pressure reducing valve, a two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and a brake cylinder.
  • the oil inlet of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the high-pressure oil pipe of the hydraulic pump station; the two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve
  • the two oil inlets of the directional valve are respectively connected with the oil outlet of the pressure reducing valve and the oil tank.
  • the oil outlet of the two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the rod cavity of the brake cylinder.
  • the telescopic rod is connected to the brake arm.
  • the two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve can be replaced by a two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve or a three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve.
  • the touch detection unit further includes a metal probe, a base plate, a limiting ring, a guide ring I, a guide ring II, and a preload spring.
  • the cylinder is threadedly connected to the brake shoe, and the cylinder is threadedly connected to the brake shoe.
  • the bottom of the body is provided with a threaded hole, the top of the barrel is fixed with a guide ring I, the inner side of the barrel is installed with a limit bolt, the inner wall of the barrel is installed with a limit ring, and the limit ring is equipped with a guide ring inside.
  • the base plate is installed in the threaded hole at the bottom of the cylinder, and the base plate is provided with a circular through hole; the end of the metal probe away from the limit bolt passes through the guiding ring I and the guiding ring in sequence II and extends to the outside of the brake shoe corresponding to the driving track.
  • One end of the metal probe close to the limit bolt is covered with a preload spring.
  • the preload spring is in contact with the base plate and the circular boss on the metal probe. Then, the circular boss of the metal probe is pressed against the limiting ring under the action of the preload spring.
  • the barrel and limiting ring are made of nylon or polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the distance between the center line of the limiting bolt and the end face of the circular boss of the metal probe close to the limiting bolt is 11mm-12mm.
  • the distance between the metal probe and the end surface of the brake shoe close to the driving track is 1 mm to 2 mm.
  • the common end roller unit is made of metal conductive material.
  • the present invention also provides a method for using the above system, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps:
  • the idle time detection module in the synchronous control unit records the time t i0 when the two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve corresponding to the i-th brake shoe receives the braking command.
  • the synchronization control unit will issue an alarm to remind that the brake shoe is abnormal;
  • the wear warning module in the synchronous control unit detects a contact signal between the limit bolt corresponding to the i-th brake shoe and the metal probe, the synchronous control unit will issue an alarm to remind that the brake shoe wear is excessive;
  • the synchronous control module in the synchronous control unit After receiving the lost motion time of all brake brake shoes, the synchronous control module in the synchronous control unit compares the lost motion time of all brake brake shoes and obtains the maximum lost motion time t max ;
  • the synchronous control module in the synchronous control unit calculates the action delay time ⁇ t idelay of the i-th brake shoe when braking next time.
  • the synchronous control module sends the braking control command to the two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve in the i-th brake shoe after delaying ⁇ t idelay time.
  • the present invention can solve the problem that multiple sets of brakes of existing monorail crane locomotives use the same hydraulic control element, and each brake cannot be controlled independently, and it is difficult to achieve consistency of action of multiple brakes.
  • Each brake shoe of the present invention adopts Independent electromagnetic reversing valve control improves the flexibility of the braking control process;
  • the present invention can realize the online portable measurement of the braking idle time of each brake, and can also provide an alarm when the brake shoe wear is excessive, providing a guarantee for the maintenance and safe operation of the monorail suspension brake;
  • the present invention ensures that even if there is a length of hydraulic pipeline Under different operating conditions, with different brake response characteristics and different brake shoe wear conditions, the next time the idle time of each brake is basically the same, achieving synchronous control of multiple brakes on a monorail crane;
  • the present invention uses an electromagnetic reversing valve as a control element. Compared with conventional high-precision proportional/servo valve control elements, it has stronger anti-pollution ability and lower cost, and improves the reliability of monorail crane braking control;
  • the invention has simple structure, easy operation, strong adaptability, good control performance and high practicability.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the multi-point synchronous braking control system of the monorail crane according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a structural installation diagram of the touch detection unit of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a hydraulic principle diagram of the monorail suspension braking system of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the multi-point synchronous braking control method of the monorail crane according to the present invention.
  • this embodiment provides a multi-point synchronous braking control system for a monorail crane and a method of using the same.
  • the multi-point synchronous braking control system of the monorail crane in this embodiment mainly includes a touch detection unit 1, a common roller unit 2, a hydraulic unit 3, a synchronous control unit 4 and a connecting cable 5.
  • the touch detection unit 1 includes a cylinder 101, a metal probe 102, a base plate 103, a limiting ring 104, a guide ring I 105, a guide ring II 106, a preload spring 107 and a limit bolt 108.
  • the outer surface of the cylinder 101 is provided with connecting external threads that are installed in conjunction with the brake shoe 7.
  • the bottom of the cylinder 101 is provided with a threaded hole.
  • the guide ring I 105 is fixed at the center of the top of the cylinder 101.
  • a limit ring 104 is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the cylinder 101, and the guide ring II 106 is fixed in the center of the limit ring 104; the base plate 103 is installed in the threaded hole at the bottom of the cylinder 101, and the base plate 103 is provided with a circular through hole;
  • the metal probe 102 is provided with a circular boss. The end of the metal probe 102 away from the limit bolt 108 passes through the guide ring I 105 and the guide ring II 106. The end of the metal probe 102 close to the limit bolt 108 is sleeved.
  • the preload spring 107 is in contact with the circular boss on the base plate 103 and the metal probe 102 respectively.
  • the circular boss of the metal probe 102 is pressed against the limit ring 104 under the action of the preload spring 107. .
  • the common end roller unit 2 is arranged on the driving track, and the common end roller unit 2 is connected to the frame 8 through a pin.
  • the hydraulic unit 3 includes a pressure reducing valve 301, a two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 302 and a brake cylinder 303.
  • the oil inlet of the pressure reducing valve 301 is connected to the high-pressure oil of the hydraulic pump station; the two inlets of the two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 302 are respectively connected to the oil outlet of the pressure reducing valve 301 and the oil tank.
  • the outlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve 302 is connected with the rod cavity of the brake cylinder 303.
  • the synchronous control unit 4 includes a lost motion time detection module, a synchronous control module and a wear warning module.
  • the lost motion time detection module is connected to the metal probe 102 and the common roller unit 2 through the connecting cable 5, and the wear warning module is connected to The cable 5 is connected to the limiting bolt 108.
  • a set of touch detection units 1 is installed on each brake shoe 7 of the monorail crane locomotive.
  • Each brake cylinder 303 of the monorail crane locomotive is provided with a two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 302.
  • the two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 302 can be replaced by a two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve or a three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve.
  • the materials of the cylinder 101 and the limiting ring 104 are nylon or polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • connection cable 5 connected to the metal probe 102 and the limiting bolt 108 passes through the circular through hole on the base plate 103 .
  • the common end roller unit 2 is made of metal conductive material.
  • the distance between the center line of the limit bolt 108 and the end surface of the circular boss of the metal probe 102 close to the limit bolt ranges from 11 mm to 12 mm.
  • the installed limit bolt 108 does not exceed the outer surface of the cylinder 101.
  • the touch detection unit 1, the common roller unit 2, the hydraulic unit 3, the synchronous control unit 4, the connecting cable 5, the brake arm 6, the brake shoe 7, the frame 8, the cylinder 101, the metal Probe 102, base plate 103, limit ring 104, guide ring I105, guide ring II106, preload spring 107, limit bolt 108, pressure reducing valve 301, two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 302, brake cylinder 303 adopts existing products or structures well known to those skilled in the art, and their mutual connections also adopt existing connection methods well known to those skilled in the art, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the method of using the above device to perform multi-point synchronous braking control of a monorail crane includes the following steps:
  • the idle time detection module in the synchronous control unit 4 records the time t i0 when the two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 302 corresponding to the i-th brake shoe 7 receives the braking command.
  • the idle time detection module detects the corresponding turn-on signal and records the signal turn-on time t of the i-th brake shoe 7 i
  • the synchronization control unit 4 will issue an alarm to remind that the brake shoe 7 is abnormal;
  • the synchronization control module in the synchronization control unit 4 calculates the action delay time ⁇ t idelay of the i-th brake shoe 7 during the next braking.
  • the calculation formula is:
  • the synchronous control module sends the braking control command to the two-position three-way electromagnetic commutation in the i-th brake shoe 7 after delaying ⁇ t idelay time. valve;
  • step b) repeat step b) to step g).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统及其使用方法，控制系统包括触碰检测单元(1)、公共端滚轮单元(2)、液压单元(3)、同步控制单元(4)与连接线缆(5)，触碰检测单元(1)安装在单轨吊的制动闸瓦(7)上，公共端滚轮单元(2)安装在行驶轨道上并与单轨吊的机架(8)连接，触碰检测单元(1)包括与制动闸瓦(7)连接的筒体(101)，筒体(101)内设置有与行驶轨道对应的金属探针(102)，金属探针(102)上形成有圆形凸台，筒体(101)内侧壁形成有与圆形凸台对应的限位螺栓(108)，金属探针(102)能够在制动闸(5)制动时与行驶轨道或限位螺栓(8)接触，制动闸瓦(7)通过制动臂(6)连接有液压单元(3)，金属探针(102)、限位螺栓(108)、液压单元(3)、公共端滚轮单元(2)通过连接线缆(5)与同步控制单元(4)电连接，通过实时检测各个制动器每次制动空动时间并在下次制动时对各制动器控制命令进行延时操作，能够有效解决单轨吊不能实现多点同步制动控制的问题。

Description

一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统及其使用方法 技术领域
本发明涉及单轨吊技术领域，具体涉及一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统及其使用方法。
背景技术
单轨吊机车是一种多功能、高效率的现代煤矿辅助运输设备，可以高效地完成矿井物料、井下设备和作业人员等的吊装与运输作业，其中制动系统承载安全保障的任务。制动系统能否稳定有效地工作，直接关系到单轨吊机车的安全运行，从而对煤矿的生产乃至人员的生命安全都有重要影响。
目前单轨吊运输系统通常使用多个驱动部牵引机车行驶，每个驱动部至少包含一个制动器，各个驱动部间隔一定的距离，首尾间隔最远可达数十米。在单轨吊进行制动时，由于现有的多套制动器均采用同一液压元件控制，在控制系统给出制动命令后，由于系统中存在液压管路长度长短不一(最大可差数十米)、制动器响应特性差异、制动闸瓦磨损状态不同等因素，这就导致多套制动器制动过程动作不同步，进而导致部分制动器闸瓦磨损加剧，引起制动器提前失效，增加了制动安全隐患，而目前国内外仍缺乏简单有效的单轨吊机车多套制动器同步控制方法。因此，解决单轨吊多点同步制动控制问题对提升单轨吊制动安全性具有重要意义。
发明内容
针对上述存在的技术不足，本发明的目的是提供一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统及其使用方法，能够有效解决单轨吊不能实现多点同步制动控制的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：
本发明提供一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统，包括触碰检测单元、公共端滚轮单元、液压单元、同步控制单元与连接线缆，所述触碰检测单元安装在单轨吊的制动闸瓦上，所述的公共端滚轮单元安装在行驶轨道与单轨吊的机架连接，所述触碰检测单元包括与制动闸瓦连接的筒管，所述筒管内设置有与行驶轨道对应的金属探针，所述金属探针上形成有圆形凸台，所述筒管内侧壁形成有与圆形凸台对应的限位螺栓，所述金属探针能够在制动闸制动时与行驶轨道或限位螺栓接触，所述制动闸瓦通过制动臂连接有液压单元，所述金属探针、限位螺栓、液压单元、公共端滚轮单元通过连接线缆与同步控制单元电连接。
优选地，所述同步控制单元包括空动时间检测模块、同步控制模块、磨损预警模块，所述空动时间检测模块通过连接线缆与金属探针、公共端滚轮单元连接，所述磨损预警模块通过连接线缆与限位螺栓连接，所述同步控制模块与空动时间检测模块、磨损预警模块、液压单元电连接。
优选地，所述液压单元包括减压阀、二位三通电磁换向阀、制动油缸，所述减压阀的进油口与液压泵站高压油管相连；所述二位三通电磁换向阀两个进油口分别与减压阀的出油口以及油箱连通，所述二位三通电磁换向阀的出油口与制动油缸的有杆腔连通，所述制动油缸的伸缩杆与制动臂连接。
优选地，所述二位三通电磁换向阀可以用二位四通电磁换向阀或三位四通电磁换向阀替换。
优选地，所述触碰检测单元还包括金属探针、基板、限位环、引向环Ⅰ、引向环Ⅱ、预紧弹簧，所述筒体与制动闸瓦螺纹连接，所述筒体底部设有螺纹孔，所述筒体顶部固定有引向环Ⅰ，所述筒体的内侧面安装有限位螺栓，所述筒体内壁安装有限位环，所述限位环内部安装有引向环Ⅱ；所述基板安装在筒体的底部螺纹孔内，所述基板上设有圆形通孔；所述金属探针远离限位螺栓的一端依次穿过引向环Ⅰ、引向环Ⅱ且伸出到制动闸瓦外部与行驶轨道对应，所述金属探针靠近限位螺栓的一端套有预紧弹簧，所述预紧弹簧与基板以及金属探针上的圆形凸台抵接，所述金属探针的圆形凸台在预紧弹簧作用下压紧在限 位环上。
优选地，所述筒体、限位环采用尼龙或聚四氟乙烯材质制作。
优选地，所述限位螺栓的中心线与金属探针圆形凸台靠近限位螺栓的端面距离为11mm-12mm。
优选地，所述金属探针超出制动闸瓦靠近行驶轨道的端面距离为1mm-2mm。
优选地，所述公共端滚轮单元采用金属导电材料制作。
本发明还提供一种上述系统的使用方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)在单轨吊机车上安装单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统，在单轨吊机车首次运行时进行一次制动测试；
(2)同步控制单元中的空动时间检测模块记录第i个制动闸瓦对应的二位三通电磁换向阀接收到制动命令的时刻t i0，当安装在第i个制动闸瓦上的触碰检测单元中的金属探针接触到行驶轨道时，空动时间检测模块检测到对应接通信号，记录下第i个制动器信号接通时刻t i，空动时间检测模块计算出第i个制动闸瓦的空动时间Δt i，计算公式为Δt i＝t i-t i0，同时将空动时间发送给同步控制模块；
(3)若空动时间检测模块检测到第i个制动闸瓦的空动时间Δt i≥700ms，则同步控制单元发出报警，提醒该制动闸瓦异常；
(4)若同步控制单元中的磨损预警模块检测到第i个制动闸瓦对应的限位螺栓与金属探针接触信号时，同步控制单元发出报警，提醒该制动器闸瓦磨损量过大；
(5)同步控制单元中的同步控制模块接收到所有制动闸瓦的空动时间后，将所有制动闸瓦的空动时间进行比较，得出空动时间最大值t max；
(6)同步控制单元中的同步控制模块计算第i个制动闸瓦下一次制动时的动作延迟时间Δt idelay，计算公式为：Δt idelay＝t max-t i；
(7)当单轨吊机车运行过程中需要进行再次制动时，同步控制模块在延 迟Δt idelay时间后将制动控制命令发送给第i个制动闸瓦中的二位三通电磁换向阀；
(8)重复步骤(2)至步骤(7)。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1、本发明能够解决现有的单轨吊机车多套制动器采用同一个液压控制元件，无法独立控制每个制动器，难以实现多个制动器的动作一致性的问题，本发明每个制动闸瓦采用单独电磁换向阀控制，提高了制动控制过程的灵活性；
2、本发明能够实现各制动器制动空动时间的在线便携式测量，同时能够在制动闸瓦磨损过大时进行报警，为单轨吊制动器的维护和安全运行提供了保障；
3、本发明通过实时比较各个制动器上一次制动空动时间，在下一次制动时通过对发送给每个电磁换向阀制动控制命令的延时操作，保证了即使存在液压管路长度长短不一、制动器响应特性差异、制动闸瓦磨损状态不同的工况下，下一次各制动器空动时间基本一致，实现了单轨吊多制动器的同步控制；
4、本发明采用电磁换向阀作为控制元件，与常规的高精度比例/伺服阀控制元件相比，抗污染能力更强、成本更低，提高了单轨吊制动控制可靠性；
5、本发明结构简单、易于操作、适应性强、控制性能好，具有很高的实用性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明的单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统示意图。
图2为本发明的触碰检测单元结构安装图。
图3为本发明的单轨吊制动系统液压原理图。
图4为本发明的单轨吊多点同步制动控制方法原理图。
图中：1、触碰检测单元；2、公共端滚轮单元；3、液压单元；4、同步控制单元；5、连接线缆；6、制动臂；7、制动闸瓦；8、机架；101、筒体；102、金属探针；103、基板；104、限位环；105、引向环Ⅰ；106、引向环Ⅱ；107、预紧弹簧；108、限位螺栓；301、减压阀；302、二位三通电磁换向阀；303、制动油缸。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1至图4所示，本实施例提供一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统及其使用方法。
本实施例的单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统主要包括触碰检测单元1、公共端滚轮单元2、液压单元3、同步控制单元4与连接线缆5。
所述触碰检测单元1包括筒体101、金属探针102、基板103、限位环104、引向环Ⅰ105、引向环Ⅱ106、预紧弹簧107和限位螺栓108。所述的筒体101外表面设有与制动闸瓦7配合安装的连接外螺纹，筒体101底部设有螺纹孔，筒体101顶部中心固定引向环Ⅰ105，筒体101侧面安装有限位螺栓108，筒体101内壁中部安装有限位环104，限位环104中心固定引向环Ⅱ106；所述的基板103安装在筒体101底部螺纹孔内，基板103上设有圆形通孔；所述的金属探针102上设有圆形凸台，金属探针102远离限位螺栓108的一端穿过引向环Ⅰ105与引向环Ⅱ106，金属探针102靠近限位螺栓108的一端套有预紧弹簧107，预紧弹簧107分别与基板103和金属探针102上的圆形凸台接触，金属探针102圆形凸台在预紧弹簧107作用下压紧在限位环104上。
所述的公共端滚轮单元2设置于行驶轨道上，公共端滚轮单元2通过销轴 与机架8相连。
所述的液压单元3包括减压阀301、二位三通电磁换向阀302和制动油缸303。所述的减压阀301进油口与液压泵站高压油相连；所述的二位三通电磁换向阀302两个进口分别与减压阀301出油口和油箱相连，二位三通电磁换向阀302出口与制动油缸303有杆腔相连。
所述的同步控制单元4包括空动时间检测模块、同步控制模块与磨损预警模块，空动时间检测模块通过连接线缆5与金属探针102、公共端滚轮单元2相连，磨损预警模块通过连接线缆5与限位螺栓108相连，。
单轨吊机车每个制动闸瓦7上分别安装一套触碰检测单元1。
单轨吊机车每个制动油缸303分别设置一个二位三通电磁换向阀302。
二位三通电磁换向阀302可采用二位四通电磁换向阀或三位四通电磁换向阀替换。
筒体101、限位环104材料为尼龙或聚四氟乙烯。
与金属探针102、限位螺栓108相连的连接线缆5从基板103上圆形通孔穿过。
公共端滚轮单元2采用金属导电材料。
金属探针102穿过引向环Ⅰ105与引向环Ⅱ106的一端超出制动闸瓦7靠近行驶轨道的端面1mm-2mm。
限位螺栓108的中心线与金属探针102的圆形凸台靠近限位螺栓的端面的距离取值范围为11mm-12mm。
安装后的限位螺栓108不超出筒体101外表面。
本实施例的触碰检测单元1、公共端滚轮单元2、液压单元3、同步控制单元4、连接线缆5、制动臂6、制动闸瓦7、机架8、筒体101、金属探针102、基板103、限位环104、引向环Ⅰ105、引向环Ⅱ106、预紧弹簧107、限位螺栓108、减压阀301、二位三通电磁换向阀302、制动油缸303采用本领域技术人员所熟知的现有产品或结构，其相互之间的连接也采用本领域技术人员所熟知 的现有连接方式，在此不再作详细描述。
利用上述装置进行单轨吊多点同步制动控制的方法包括如下步骤：
a)、在单轨吊机车上完成多点同步制动控制系统硬件改造，在单轨吊机车首次运行时进行一次制动测试；
b)同步控制单元4中的空动时间检测模块记录第i个制动闸瓦7对应的二位三通电磁换向阀302接收到制动命令的时刻t i0，当安装在第i个制动闸瓦7上的触碰检测单元1中的金属探针102接触到行驶轨道时，空动时间检测模块检测到对应接通信号，记录下第i个制动闸瓦7信号接通时刻t i，空动时间检测模块计算出第i个制动闸瓦7的空动时间Δt i，计算公式为Δt i＝t i-t i0，同时将空动时间发送给同步控制模块；
c)、若空动时间检测模块检测到第i个制动闸瓦7空动时间Δt i≥700ms，同步控制单元4发出报警，提醒该制动闸瓦7异常；
d)、若同步控制单元4中的磨损预警模块检测到第i个制动闸瓦7限位螺栓108与金属探针102接触信号时，同步控制单元4发出报警，提醒该制动闸瓦7闸瓦磨损量过大；
e)、同步控制单元4中的同步控制模块接收到所有制动闸瓦7的空动时间后，将所有制动闸瓦7的空动时间进行比较，得出空动时间最大值t max；
f)、同步控制单元4中的同步控制模块计算第i个制动闸瓦7下一次制动时的动作延迟时间Δt idelay，计算公式为：
Δt idelay＝t max-t i
g)、当单轨吊机车运行过程中需要进行再次制动时，同步控制模块在延迟Δt idelay时间后将制动控制命令发送给第i个制动闸瓦7中的二位三通电磁换向阀；
h)、重复步骤b)至步骤g)。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发 明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统，其特征在于，包括触碰检测单元(1)、公共端滚轮单元(2)、液压单元(3)、同步控制单元(4)与连接线缆(5)，所述触碰检测单元(1)安装在单轨吊的制动闸瓦(7)上，所述的公共端滚轮单元(2)安装在行驶轨道与单轨吊的机架(8)连接，所述触碰检测单元(1)包括与制动闸瓦(7)连接的筒管(101)，所述筒管(101)内设置有与行驶轨道对应的金属探针(102)，所述金属探针(102)上形成有圆形凸台，所述筒管(101)内侧壁形成有与圆形凸台对应的限位螺栓(108)，所述金属探针(102)能够在制动闸(5)制动时与行驶轨道或限位螺栓(8)接触，所述制动闸瓦(7)通过制动臂(6)连接有液压单元(3)，所述金属探针(102)、限位螺栓(108)、液压单元(3)、公共端滚轮单元(2)通过连接线缆(5)与同步控制单元(4)电连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统，其特征在于，所述同步控制单元(4)包括空动时间检测模块、同步控制模块、磨损预警模块，所述空动时间检测模块通过连接线缆(5)与金属探针(102)、公共端滚轮单元(2)连接，所述磨损预警模块通过连接线缆(5)与限位螺栓(108)连接，所述同步控制模块与空动时间检测模块、磨损预警模块、液压单元(3)电连接。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统，其特征在于，所述液压单元(3)包括减压阀(301)、二位三通电磁换向阀(302)、制动油缸(303)，所述减压阀(301)的进油口与液压泵站高压油管相连；所述二位三通电磁换向阀(302)两个进油口分别与减压阀(301)的出油口以及油箱连通，所述二位三通电磁换向阀(302)的出油口与制动油缸(303)的有杆腔连通，所述制动油缸(303)的伸缩杆与制动臂(6)连接。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统，其特征在于，所述二位三通电磁换向阀(302)可以用二位四通电磁换向阀或三位四通电磁 换向阀替换。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统，其特征在于，所述触碰检测单元(1)还包括金属探针(102)、基板(103)、限位环(104)、引向环Ⅰ(105)、引向环Ⅱ(106)、预紧弹簧(107)，所述筒体(101)与制动闸瓦(7)螺纹连接，所述筒体(101)底部设有螺纹孔，所述筒体(101)顶部固定有引向环Ⅰ(105)，所述筒体(101)的内侧面安装有限位螺栓(108)，所述筒体(101)内壁安装有限位环(104)，所述限位环(104)内部安装有引向环Ⅱ(106)；所述基板(103)安装在筒体(101)的底部螺纹孔内，所述基板(103)上设有圆形通孔；所述金属探针(102)远离限位螺栓(108)的一端依次穿过引向环Ⅰ(105)、引向环Ⅱ(106)且伸出到制动闸瓦(7)外部与行驶轨道对应，所述金属探针(102)靠近限位螺栓的一端套有预紧弹簧(107)，所述预紧弹簧(107)与基板(103)以及金属探针(102)上的圆形凸台抵接，所述金属探针(102)的圆形凸台在预紧弹簧(107)作用下压紧在限位环(104)上。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统，其特征在于，所述筒体(101)、限位环(104)采用尼龙或聚四氟乙烯材质制作。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统，其特征在于，所述限位螺栓(108)的中心线与金属探针(102)圆形凸台靠近限位螺栓的端面距离为11mm-12mm。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统，其特征在于，所述金属探针(102)超出制动闸瓦(7)靠近行驶轨道的端面距离为1mm-2mm。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统，其特征在于，所述公共端滚轮单元(2)采用金属导电材料制作。
  10. 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的一种单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统的使用方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)在单轨吊机车上安装单轨吊多点同步制动控制系统，在单轨吊机车 首次运行时进行一次制动测试；
    (2)同步控制单元(4)中的空动时间检测模块记录第i个制动闸瓦(7)对应的二位三通电磁换向阀(302)接收到制动命令的时刻t i0，当安装在第i个制动闸瓦(7)上的触碰检测单元(1)中的金属探针(102)接触到行驶轨道时，空动时间检测模块检测到对应接通信号，记录下第i个制动器信号接通时刻t i，空动时间检测模块计算出第i个制动闸瓦(7)的空动时间Δt i，计算公式为Δt i＝t i-t i0，同时将空动时间发送给同步控制模块；
    (3)若空动时间检测模块检测到第i个制动闸瓦(7)的空动时间Δt i≥700ms，则同步控制单元(4)发出报警，提醒该制动闸瓦(7)异常；
    (4)若同步控制单元(4)中的磨损预警模块检测到第i个制动闸瓦(7)对应的限位螺栓(108)与金属探针(102)接触信号时，同步控制单元(4)发出报警，提醒该制动器闸瓦磨损量过大；
    (5)同步控制单元(4)中的同步控制模块接收到所有制动闸瓦(7)的空动时间后，将所有制动闸瓦(7)的空动时间进行比较，得出空动时间最大值t max；
    (6)同步控制单元(4)中的同步控制模块计算第i个制动闸瓦(7)下一次制动时的动作延迟时间Δt idelay，计算公式为：Δt idelay＝t max-t i；
    (7)当单轨吊机车运行过程中需要进行再次制动时，同步控制模块在延迟Δt idelay时间后将制动控制命令发送给第i个制动闸瓦(7)中的二位三通电磁换向阀；
    (8)重复步骤(2)至步骤(7)。
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