WO2023188120A1 - 切削用工具 - Google Patents
切削用工具 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023188120A1 WO2023188120A1 PCT/JP2022/016034 JP2022016034W WO2023188120A1 WO 2023188120 A1 WO2023188120 A1 WO 2023188120A1 JP 2022016034 W JP2022016034 W JP 2022016034W WO 2023188120 A1 WO2023188120 A1 WO 2023188120A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cutting tool
- shaft
- cutting
- tool
- pressing member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
- B23B29/03—Boring heads
- B23B29/034—Boring heads with tools moving radially, e.g. for making chamfers or undercuttings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
- B23B29/03—Boring heads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
- B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/22—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/24—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts adjustable
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cutting tool used in a cutting machine that processes a workpiece.
- the cutting machine disclosed in JP-A-2007-253305 has a rotatable tool body.
- the outer peripheral portion of the tool body includes a plurality of mounting seats along the rotational direction of the tool body.
- An insert and a clamp member are attached to the plurality of attachment seats.
- the insert is movable along the first and second mounting surfaces of the mounting seat.
- a cutting edge is provided at the tip of the insert.
- the tip of an adjustment screw screwed into the mounting seat can come into contact with the rear end of the insert.
- the adjustment screw is arranged obliquely with respect to the insert.
- the clamp member is fixed to the tool body from the outside in the radial direction by a fixing screw. At the mounting seat, the insert is clamped and fixed by the clamp member.
- the tool body is rotated and the cutting edge of the insert cuts the workpiece.
- a reaction force is applied to the insert from the workpiece.
- the frictional torque generated during the final tightening of the fixing screw may cause a change in the orientation of the clamp member and the insert.
- the insert is pressed and moved in a direction away from the first mounting surface or the second mounting surface due to the reaction force during processing.
- the insert moves from a predetermined position, there is a problem in that the machining accuracy of the workpiece by the cutting edge decreases.
- the insert may not be able to be retracted when the adjustment screw is retracted. Therefore, it is necessary to precisely screw and adjust using two fixing screws and an adjusting screw without going backwards, and the adjustment work is complicated.
- the present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems.
- An aspect of the present invention is a cutting tool used in a cutting machine that processes a workpiece, a shaft rotationally driven by a drive mechanism;
- the shaft has a distal end on which a cutting edge is formed and a proximal end on the opposite side of the distal end, and is provided on the shaft so as to extend in a direction intersecting the axial direction of the shaft.
- a cutting tool that is inserted into an insertion hole, is movable in the axial direction of the insertion hole, and has the cutting edge protruding radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the shaft; a position adjustment mechanism attached to the shaft and capable of adjusting the position of the cutting tool in the hole axial direction with respect to the shaft; By pressing a pressed portion attached to the shaft and arranged between the cutting edge portion and the base end portion of the cutter tool, the cutter tool is urged toward the base end portion, and the a pressing mechanism that urges the blade toward the inner surface of the insertion hole; Equipped with
- the shaft rotates and the cutting tool processes the workpiece
- a reaction force from the workpiece is applied to the cutting edge of the cutting tool.
- the pressed portion of the cutting tool is pressed by the pressing mechanism, and the cutting tool is urged toward the base end of the cutting tool, and the cutting tool is urged toward the inner surface of the insertion hole.
- the cutting tool is firmly fixed to the shaft. Therefore, when a reaction force from the workpiece is applied to the cutting edge portion of the cutting tool, the cutting tool is prevented from shaking with respect to the shaft.
- the position adjustment mechanism allows the amount of protrusion of the cutting edge of the cutting tool to be adjusted radially outward or radially inward easily and with high precision. After adjusting the position of the cutting blade, there is no need to tighten the fixing screw as in the prior art, so there is no change in the posture of the cutting tool.
- the workpiece can be processed with high precision using the cutting tool.
- the polished flank of the cutting edge is used as the pressed part, and the pressing mechanism applies preload to the pressed part to urge the cutting tool toward the base end, thereby forming a new part to be pressed by the pressing mechanism.
- manufacturing costs can be reduced.
- FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a cutting machine using a cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the main parts of the cutting machine shown in FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view showing the vicinity of a cutting tool in the cutting machine shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of the adjustment member in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a cutting tool according to a first modification.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged front view showing a cutting tool according to a second modification.
- the cutting machine 10 is used to drill holes in the workpiece W.
- the workpiece W is a cylinder of an internal combustion engine mounted on a vehicle.
- the cutting machine 10 includes a base 12, a main body frame 14, a drive mechanism 16, a cutting tool 18, and a transport mechanism 20.
- the base 12 is placed at the bottom of the cutting machine 10.
- the base 12 is placed on a floor surface or the like.
- the main body frame 14 is erected upward from the base 12.
- the main body frame 14 includes a guide rail 22.
- the guide rail 22 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the main body frame 14.
- the guide rail 22 extends along the axial direction of the main body frame 14.
- the drive mechanism 16 is arranged at the top of the main body frame 14.
- the drive mechanism 16 includes a lifting platform 24 and a drive motor 26.
- the lifting platform 24 is movable in the vertical direction along the guide rails 22 of the main body frame 14.
- the drive motor 26 is fixed to the upper part of the lifting platform 24.
- Drive motor 26 has a drive shaft (not shown). The drive shaft extends downward through the elevator platform 24.
- a rotating shaft 30 of the tool head 28 is connected to the lower end of the drive shaft.
- the tool head 28 is arranged around the outer periphery of the main body frame 14 . Each tool head 28 is held by a head carrier 32. The four tool heads 28 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the head carrier 32.
- Each tool head 28 includes a rotating shaft 30.
- Rotating shaft 30 is rotatably supported by tool head 28 .
- Rotating shaft 30 extends downwardly from tool head 28 .
- the upper end of the rotating shaft 30 is connected to a drive shaft (not shown) of a drive motor 26 in the drive mechanism 16.
- the lower end of the rotating shaft 30 is connected to the upper end of the tool shaft 34.
- the cutting tool 18 includes a tool shaft 34 (shaft), a cutting tool 36, a position adjustment mechanism 38, and a pressing mechanism 40.
- the tool shaft 34 is removably disposed on the tool head 28, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5.
- the tool shaft 34 is a shaft body that is elongated along the axial direction.
- the cross-sectional shape of the tool shaft 34 is circular.
- the tool shaft 34 extends downwardly from the tool head 28 with a constant diameter.
- the upper end of the tool shaft 34 is connectable to the lower end of the rotating shaft 30.
- the lower end of the tool shaft 34 can be inserted into a bearing of a second bearing section 102 in a jig 94, which will be described later.
- tool shaft 34 is a boring bar.
- the tool shaft 34 includes a plurality of accommodating parts 42.
- the plurality of accommodating parts 42 are spaced apart from each other at approximately equal intervals along the axial direction of the tool shaft 34.
- the plurality of accommodating parts 42 can accommodate the cutting tool 36, the position adjustment mechanism 38, and the pressing mechanism 40.
- the housing portion 42 includes an insertion hole 44, a bolt hole 46, and a recess 48.
- the axial direction (hole axial direction) of the insertion hole 44 intersects with the axial direction of the tool shaft 34.
- the insertion hole 44 penetrates the tool shaft 34 in an axial direction and orthogonal direction.
- the axial direction of the insertion hole 44 may be inclined with respect to the axial direction of the tool shaft 34.
- the insertion hole 44 has a straight line shape.
- the center axis of the insertion hole 44 passes through the axis P of the tool shaft 34 (see FIG. 4).
- the insertion hole 44 has a first hole 50 and a second hole 52. A cutting tool 36 of a cutting tool 18, which will be described later, is inserted into the insertion hole 44.
- the first hole portion 50 is arranged from the center along the extending direction of the insertion hole 44 toward one end of the insertion hole 44 .
- the first hole portion 50 has a constant diameter along the axial direction of the insertion hole 44 .
- the first hole 50 opens on the outer peripheral surface of the tool shaft 34.
- the second hole portion 52 is arranged from the center along the extending direction of the insertion hole 44 toward the other end of the insertion hole 44 .
- the second hole portion 52 and the first hole portion 50 are connected near the center of the insertion hole 44 along the axial direction.
- the second hole 52 has a larger diameter than the first hole 50.
- the second hole 52 opens on the outer circumferential surface of the tool shaft 34.
- the second hole portion 52 has an inner circumferential threaded portion 54 on its inner circumferential surface.
- An adjustment member 76 of a position adjustment mechanism 38 which will be described later, is screwed into the second hole 52.
- the bolt hole 46 passes through the tool shaft 34 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction.
- the bolt hole 46 and the insertion hole 44 are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction of the tool shaft 34.
- the bolt hole 46 is arranged above the insertion hole 44 (see FIG. 3).
- the center axis of the bolt hole 46 passes through the axis P of the tool shaft 34.
- a fastening bolt 86 of the pressing mechanism 40 which will be described later, is inserted into the bolt hole 46.
- the central axis of the bolt hole 46 and the central axis of the insertion hole 44 intersect with each other at a predetermined angle.
- the center axis of the bolt hole 46 and the center axis of the insertion hole 44 intersect at the axis P of the tool shaft 34 (see FIGS. 4 and 5).
- the bolt hole 46 is arranged to be inclined at a predetermined angle in the rotational direction (arrow A direction) of the tool shaft 34 with respect to the insertion hole 44.
- the rotation direction of the tool shaft 34 is clockwise.
- the bolt hole 46 has a small diameter portion 56 and a large diameter portion 58.
- the bolt holes 46 are straight.
- the small diameter portion 56 is arranged at one end along the extending direction of the bolt hole 46.
- the small diameter portion 56 opens on the outer peripheral surface of the tool shaft 34 .
- the small diameter portion 56 has a constant diameter along the direction in which the bolt hole 46 extends.
- the small diameter portion 56 extends from one end along the extending direction of the bolt hole 46 to near the other end.
- a small diameter portion 56 opens at a position facing the first hole portion 50 of the insertion hole 44 in the rotational direction of the tool shaft 34 (direction of arrow A).
- the large diameter portion 58 is arranged at the other end along the extending direction of the bolt hole 46.
- the large diameter portion 58 has a larger diameter than the small diameter portion 56.
- the large diameter portion 58 opens on the outer circumferential surface of the tool shaft 34 . Near the other end of the bolt hole 46, the large diameter portion 58 and the small diameter portion 56 are connected. When viewed from the axial direction of the tool shaft 34 shown in FIG. 4, the large diameter portion 58 opens at a position facing the second hole portion 52 of the insertion hole 44 in the rotational direction (direction of arrow A) of the tool shaft 34. .
- the recess 48 is recessed radially inward from the outer peripheral surface of the tool shaft 34.
- the cross-sectional shape of the recess 48 is approximately rectangular.
- the recess 48 has an elongated rectangular shape along the axial direction of the tool shaft 34 .
- the upper portion of the recess 48 faces the small diameter portion 56 of the bolt hole 46 .
- a lower portion of the recess 48 faces the first hole 50 of the insertion hole 44 .
- the recessed portion 48 is arranged to connect the small diameter portion 56 of the bolt hole 46 and the first hole portion 50 of the insertion hole 44 .
- the recess 48 has a flat holding surface 60.
- the holding surface 60 is a surface spaced radially inward from the outer circumferential surface of the tool shaft 34.
- the holding surface 60 extends along the axial direction of the tool shaft 34.
- a small diameter portion 56 of the bolt hole 46 opens at the center of the holding surface 60 in the upper part of the recess 48 .
- the central axis of the bolt hole 46 and the holding surface 60 are perpendicular to each other (see FIG. 5).
- a portion of the first hole 50 opens in the holding surface 60 at the lower part of the recess 48 .
- the recess 48 is arranged offset in the circumferential direction of the tool shaft 34 with respect to the central axis of the first hole 50 .
- the recess 48 is disposed offset from the central axis of the first hole 50 in the rotational direction of the tool shaft 34 (direction of arrow A).
- the recess 48 and the insertion hole 44 communicate with each other.
- the cutting tool 36 has a main body portion 62, a cutting edge portion 64, a threaded portion 66, and a polishing relief portion (pressed portion) 68.
- the main body portion 62 is a shaft body.
- the cross-sectional shape of the main body portion 62 is circular.
- the diameter of the main body portion 62 is approximately the same as the diameter of the first hole portion 50 of the insertion hole 44 .
- the main body portion 62 is inserted into the first hole portion 50.
- the cutting edge portion 64 is arranged at the tip of the main body portion 62 along the axial direction.
- the cutting edge portion 64 protrudes in a direction away from the main body portion 62.
- the cutting edge portion 64 projects radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the tool shaft 34 .
- the cutting edge portion 64 includes a cutting flank surface 70 and a cutting edge 72.
- the cutting flank surface 70 is inclined from the outer circumferential surface of the main body portion 62 toward the central axis of the cutting tool 36 .
- the cutting flank 70 is a plane extending from the outer peripheral surface of the main body 62 to a position beyond the central axis of the cutting tool 36.
- a cutting edge 72 is provided at the tip of the cutting flank surface 70.
- the cutting edge 72 faces in an oblique direction that is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis of the cutting tool 36.
- the cutting edge 72 has an acute angle when viewed from the axial direction of the tool shaft 34 shown in FIG.
- the cutting edge 72 is arranged in the rotational direction of the tool shaft 34 (in the direction of arrow A) with respect to the central axis of the cutting tool 36.
- the cutting edge 72 protrudes from the central axis of the cutting tool 36 in the direction of rotation of the tool shaft 34 (direction of arrow A).
- the threaded portion 66 is arranged at the base end of the main body portion 62 along the axial direction of the main body portion 62.
- the threaded portion 66 extends in a direction away from the base end of the main body portion 62 .
- the threaded portion 66 has a male thread.
- the threaded portion 66 is accommodated in the second hole portion 52 of the insertion hole 44 .
- the polishing escape part 68 is arranged at a position between the cutting blade part 64 and the threaded part 66 and adjacent to the cutting blade part 64.
- the polishing relief portion 68 has a shape cut out from the tip of the cutting tool 36 toward the main body portion 62. When viewed from the axial direction of the tool shaft 34 shown in FIG. 4, the polishing relief portion 68 is arranged in the opposite direction (in the direction of arrow A) to the cutting edge portion 64 with respect to the central axis of the main body portion 62.
- the polishing relief portion 68 has a pressed surface (slanted surface) 74 .
- the pressed surface 74 is inclined with respect to the central axis of the cutting tool 36.
- the pressed surface 74 is a polished flank surface.
- the pressed surface 74 is perpendicular to the central axis of the bolt hole 46.
- the angle of inclination of the pressed surface 74 with respect to the central axis of the cutting tool 36 is the same as the inclination angle of the holding surface 60 of the recess 48 with respect to the central axis of the insertion hole 44 (see FIG. 4).
- the polishing relief portion 68 is arranged in the rotational direction of the tool shaft 34 (in the direction of arrow A) with respect to the cutting edge portion 64.
- the position adjustment mechanism 38 is arranged in the second hole portion 52 of the insertion hole 44.
- the position adjustment mechanism 38 includes an adjustment member 76.
- the adjustment member 76 has a cylindrical shape.
- the adjustment member 76 includes a male threaded portion 78, a female threaded portion 80, and an adjustment hole 82.
- the male threaded portion 78 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the adjustment member 76.
- the thread pitch of the male threaded portion 78 is a first pitch.
- the male threaded portion 78 is screwed into the inner circumferential threaded portion 54 of the second hole portion 52 .
- the thread pitch of the male threaded portion 78 and the inner peripheral threaded portion 54 is the same first pitch.
- the female threaded portion 80 is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the adjustment member 76.
- the female screw portion 80 penetrates the adjustment member 76 in the axial direction.
- the thread pitch of the female threaded portion 80 is the second pitch.
- the threaded portion 66 of the cutting tool 36 is screwed into the female threaded portion 80 .
- the female screw portion 80 and the screw pitch of the screw portion 66 are the same second pitch.
- the second pitch of the female threaded portion 80 is smaller than the first pitch of the male threaded portion 78.
- the threaded portion 66 of the cutting tool 36 is fixed to the second hole portion 52 of the insertion hole 44 by an adjustment member 76.
- the adjustment hole 82 is located at the base end of the adjustment member 76 and opens.
- the adjustment hole 82 penetrates the female threaded portion 80 .
- the adjustment hole 82 has a hexagonal shape when viewed from the axial direction of the adjustment member 76.
- An adjustment tool (not shown) having a hexagonal tip is inserted into the adjustment hole 82, and the adjustment member 76 can be rotated.
- the adjustment member 76 can be moved along the central axis of the second hole 52.
- the cutter 36 into which the threaded portion 66 is screwed can move along the central axis of the insertion hole 44 together with the adjusting member 76 . That is, the cutting tool 36 is held movably in the axial direction of the insertion hole 44 by the adjustment member 76 .
- the second pitch of the female threaded portion 80 into which the threaded portion 66 of the cutting tool 36 is threaded is smaller than the first pitch of the inner threaded portion 54 into which the adjustment member 76 is threaded. Therefore, when the adjusting member 76 moves forward in the axial direction along the inner circumferential threaded portion 54 at a first pitch, the cutting tool 36 retreats in the axial direction along the female threaded portion 80 of the adjusting member 76 at a second pitch. That is, the cutting tool 36 moves forward along the axial direction by the difference between the first pitch and the second pitch.
- the pressing mechanism 40 includes a pressing member 84 and a fastening bolt 86.
- the pressing member 84 is an elastic plate material (plate spring).
- the pressing member 84 has a rectangular shape corresponding to the recess 48 of the tool shaft 34.
- the pressing member 84 is accommodated in the recess 48 .
- the pressing member 84 is fitted into the recess 48 in its width direction. As a result, the pressing member 84 is positioned in the recess 48 .
- the pressing member 84 contacts the holding surface 60 of the recess 48 .
- the pressing member 84 does not protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the tool shaft 34 (see FIGS. 4 and 5).
- the upper part of the pressing member 84 has a screw hole 88 . In the recess 48 , the screw hole 88 faces the small diameter portion 56 of the bolt hole 46 .
- a fastening bolt 86 inserted into the bolt hole 46 is screwed into the screw hole 88 .
- the lower part of the pressing member 84 faces the first hole 50 of the insertion hole 44.
- the lower part of the pressing member 84 comes into contact with the pressed surface 74 of the polishing relief part 68 of the cutting tool 36 (see FIG. 4).
- the pressing member 84 When viewed from the axial direction of the tool shaft 34 shown in FIG. 4, when a line segment parallel to the central axis of the cutting tool 36 and passing through the cutting edge 72 is defined as an imaginary line L, the pressing member 84 is moved against the imaginary line L. It is desirable that the blade be disposed at a position spaced apart from the cutting edge 72. This makes it unnecessary to remove the pressing member 84 when replacing the cutting tool 36 due to chipping of the cutting edge 72 or the like. That is, the cutting tool 36 can be replaced while the pressing member 84 remains attached.
- the fastening bolt 86 is inserted into the bolt hole 46 of the tool shaft 34.
- the fastening bolt 86 has a head 90 and a shaft portion 92.
- the head 90 is accommodated in the large diameter portion 58 of the bolt hole 46 .
- the head 90 is exposed to the outside via the large diameter portion 58.
- the shaft portion 92 has a smaller diameter than the head 90.
- the shaft portion 92 is connected to the head 90 and extends in the axial direction.
- the shaft portion 92 is inserted into the small diameter portion 56 of the bolt hole 46 .
- the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion 92 is provided with a screw.
- the tip of the shaft portion 92 is screwed into the screw hole 88 of the pressing member 84 in the recess 48 .
- the head 90 of the fastening bolt 86 can be rotated from outside the tool shaft 34.
- the pressing member 84 screwed onto the shaft portion 92 moves toward the holding surface 60 in the recess 48 .
- the pressed surface 74 of the cutting tool 36 is pressed by the pressing member 84.
- the pressed surface 74 is pressed by the pressing member 84 along the direction of the central axis of the bolt hole 46 and the fastening bolt 86 .
- the cutting tool 36 is pressed toward the proximal end by the pressing member 84, and the proximal end of the cutting tool 36 is movably held on the tool shaft 34 by the adjusting member 76.
- the main body frame 14 includes four jigs 94.
- the jig 94 can hold the workpiece W.
- Each jig 94 is rotatably held by a support carrier. When the support carrier rotates, one of the four jigs 94 faces and is held by the support block 96 .
- the jig 94 includes a jig main body 98 and first and second bearing parts 100 and 102.
- the first bearing portion 100 is arranged at the upper end of the jig main body 98.
- the second bearing portion 102 is arranged at the lower end of the jig main body 98.
- the tool shaft 34 descends together with the tool head 28, the upper part of the tool shaft 34 is inserted into a bearing (not shown) of the first bearing part 100.
- the lower end of the tool shaft 34 is inserted into a bearing (not shown) of the second bearing portion 102.
- the tool shaft 34 is rotatably supported by the bearings of the first and second bearing parts 100 and 102.
- the transport mechanism 20 is arranged above the base 12, as shown in FIG.
- the transport mechanism 20 is arranged radially outward of the main body frame 14 .
- the transport mechanism 20 includes a moving table 104, a cylinder 106, a work holder 108, a pallet 110, and a pallet holder 112.
- the movable table 104 is movable along the base 12.
- the cylinder 106 urges the moving table 104 in a direction toward or away from the main body frame 14 .
- the workpiece holder 108 is held on the moving table 104.
- a pallet holder 112 is attached to the end of the workpiece holder 108.
- the pallet holding unit 112 can hold the workpiece W via the pallet 110.
- the operator when increasing the protrusion amount T (see FIG. 4) of the cutting edge 64 of the cutting tool 36 with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the tool shaft 34, the operator inserts an adjustment tool (not shown) into the adjustment hole 82 of the adjustment member 76. insert. By rotating the adjustment tool in a predetermined direction, the adjustment member 76 is rotated.
- the adjustment member 76 By rotating the adjustment member 76, the adjustment member 76 moves toward the first hole 50 along the central axis of the second hole 52. At this time, the amount of movement of the adjustment member 76 corresponds to the first pitch, which is the thread pitch of the male threaded portion 78 and the inner circumferential threaded portion 54.
- the cutting tool 36 does not rotate even if the adjusting member 76 rotates. Therefore, as the adjustment member 76 rotates, the screw portion 66 of the cutting tool 36 and the adjustment member 76 rotate relative to each other. As the threaded portion 66 rotates relative to the adjustment member 76, the adjustment member 76 moves in the direction in which the adjustment member 76 and the main body portion 62 of the cutter 36 approach (in the direction in which the threaded portion 66 is drawn into the adjustment member 76). 76 and the cutting tool 36 are displaced relative to each other in the axial direction.
- the amount of relative movement of the cutting tool 36 (threaded portion 66) with respect to the adjustment member 76 corresponds to the second pitch, which is the thread pitch of the female threaded portion 80 and the threaded portion 66.
- the amount of movement of the adjustment member 76 within the insertion hole 44 when the adjustment member 76 is rotated by a predetermined angle is set as D1
- the amount of relative movement between the adjustment member 76 and the cutter 36 due to the rotation of the adjustment member 76 is set as D2.
- the axial movement amount D of the cutting tool 36 within the insertion hole 44 is D1-D2.
- the pressing member 84 of the pressing mechanism 40 presses the cutting tool 36 via the pressed surface 74 of the polishing relief portion 68 in a direction inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis of the cutting tool 36.
- the main body 62 of the cutting tool 36 is urged toward the inner circumferential surface 441 of the first hole 50 in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the tool shaft 34 (in the direction of arrow B) with respect to the central axis of the cutting tool 36. .
- the outer circumferential surface of the main body portion 62 is pressed against the first hole portion 50 in contact with the inner circumferential surface 441 .
- the cutting tool 36 is advanced along the central axis of the insertion hole 44, and the protrusion amount T of the cutting edge portion 64 from the outer peripheral surface of the tool shaft 34 is adjusted. You can make it bigger. After the position of the cutting edge portion 64 is adjusted, the cutting tool 36 is firmly pressed against the inner circumferential surface 441 of the insertion hole 44 by the pressing member 84 and fixed.
- the operator rotates the adjustment member 76 in the opposite direction to the above using a tool (not shown).
- the adjustment member 76 rotates, and the adjustment member 76 moves in a direction away from the first hole 50 along the central axis of the second hole 52 .
- the amount of movement of the adjustment member 76 corresponds to the first pitch, which is the thread pitch of the male threaded portion 78 and the inner circumferential threaded portion 54.
- the screw portion 66 of the cutter 36 and the adjustment member 76 rotate relative to each other.
- the adjustment member 76 and the blade 36 are displaced relative to each other in the direction in which the adjustment member 76 and the main body 62 of the blade 36 separate from each other along the central axis of the insertion hole 44. do.
- the amount of movement of the cutting tool 36 (threaded portion 66) corresponds to the second pitch, which is the thread pitch of the female threaded portion 80 and the threaded portion 66. That is, the moving distance of the cutting tool 36 becomes shorter than the moving distance of the adjustment member 76.
- the cutter 36 when rotating the adjustment member 76 to move the adjustment member 76 toward the base end of the cutter 36, the cutter 36 can be slightly moved toward the base end with respect to the adjustment member 76. That is, with the pressing member 84 applying a preload to the cutting tool 36, the cutting tool 36 can be moved toward the base end without wobbling. Thereby, the protrusion amount T of the cutting edge portion 64 of the cutting tool 36 can be easily and highly accurately adjusted by rotating the adjusting member 76.
- the pressing member 84 of the pressing mechanism 40 presses the cutting tool 36 via the pressed surface 74 of the polishing relief portion 68 in a direction inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis of the cutting tool 36.
- the main body 62 of the cutting tool 36 is urged toward the inner circumferential surface 441 of the first hole 50 in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the tool shaft 34 (in the direction of arrow B) with respect to the central axis of the cutting tool 36. .
- the outer circumferential surface of the main body portion 62 is pressed against the first hole portion 50 in contact with the inner circumferential surface 441 .
- the cutting tool 36 is moved backward along the central axis of the insertion hole 44, and the protrusion amount T of the cutting edge portion 64 from the outer peripheral surface of the tool shaft 34 is adjusted. Can be made smaller. After the position of the cutting edge portion 64 is adjusted, the cutting tool 36 is firmly pressed against the inner circumferential surface 441 of the insertion hole 44 by the pressing member 84 and fixed.
- the work W is held on the pallet 110 at a position where the moving table 104 of the transport mechanism 20 is spaced apart from the main body frame 14.
- the cylinder 106 is driven to move the moving table 104 together with the work holder 108 toward the main body frame 14 .
- the workpiece W is held by a jig 94.
- the support block 96 is sent out toward the jig 94 and the jig 94 is held by the support block 96.
- the drive mechanism 16 and the tool head 28 are lowered toward the work W by driving a feed mechanism (not shown).
- the cutting tool 18 is lowered together with the tool head 28.
- the cutting tool 18 is inserted into the machining hole H of the workpiece W.
- the upper and lower ends of the tool shaft 34 are rotatably supported by first and second bearings 100 and 102.
- the workpiece W is slightly moved in the horizontal direction by the transport mechanism 20, so that the axial center of the prepared hole H for machining of the workpiece W and the axis P of the tool shaft 34 are aligned.
- the drive motor 26 is driven to rotate the tool shaft 34 and further lower it.
- the cutting tool 18 rotates together with the tool shaft 34.
- the inner circumferential surface of the prepared hole H for machining is cut by the cutting edge portion 64 of the cutting tool 36 of the plurality of cutting tools 18.
- the inner circumferential surface of the prepared hole H for machining in the work W is machined to a desired inner circumferential diameter.
- the pressed surface 74 of the cutter 36 is pressed by the pressing member 84, the cutter 36 is urged toward the base end, and the main body 62 of the cutter 36 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface 441 of the insertion hole 44. Fixed. Therefore, even if a reaction force from the workpiece W is applied to the cutting edge portion 64 when machining the prepared hole H for machining of the workpiece W with the cutting tool 36, rattling of the cutting tool 36 due to the reaction force is suitably suppressed. be done.
- the prepared hole H for machining of the workpiece W is machined with high precision by the cutting tool 36 firmly fixed to the tool shaft 34.
- the cutting tool 18 used in the cutting machine 10 that processes the work W includes the cutting tool 36, the position adjustment mechanism 38, and the pressing mechanism 40.
- the cutting tool 36 is movably arranged in the insertion hole 44 of the tool shaft 34.
- the position adjustment mechanism 38 can adjust the axial position of the cutting tool 36 with respect to the tool shaft 34.
- the pressing mechanism 40 presses the polishing escape portion 68 of the cutting tool 36.
- the pressing mechanism 40 urges the cutting tool 36 toward the base end of the cutting tool 36.
- the pressing mechanism 40 urges the cutting tool 36 toward the inner circumferential surface 441 of the insertion hole 44 .
- the cutting tool 36 By moving the cutting tool 36 along the insertion hole 44 by the position adjustment mechanism 38, it is possible to adjust the radially outward protrusion amount T of the cutting edge portion 64 of the cutting tool 36 with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the tool shaft 34.
- the cutting tool 36 By pressing the pressed surface 74 provided near the cutting blade part 64 at a predetermined angle by the substantially leaf spring-shaped pressing member 84 in the pressing mechanism 40, the cutting tool 36 is pushed from the vicinity of the cutting blade part 64 to the proximal end.
- the cutting tool 36 can be pressed against the inner circumferential surface 441 of the insertion hole 44 while being pressed in a direction intersecting the central axis of the cutting tool 36 . Thereby, the cutting tool 36 can be firmly fixed to the tool shaft 34.
- the pressing direction of the cutting tool 36 is opposite to the rotating direction of the tool shaft 34 (direction of arrow B).
- the cutting tool 36 When the tool shaft 34 rotates and the cutting tool 36 processes the workpiece W, even if a reaction force from the workpiece W is applied to the cutting edge 64 of the cutting tool 36, the cutting tool 36 does not shake in the insertion hole 44. This will be prevented. As a result, when the workpiece W is processed by the cutting tool 18, the deflection of the cutting tool 36 due to contact with the workpiece W is suppressed. Therefore, the workpiece W can be processed with high precision by the cutting tool 36.
- the protrusion amount T of the cutting edge portion 64 of the cutting tool 36 can be adjusted with high precision both radially outward and radially inward by the position adjustment mechanism 38.
- the grinding relief part 68 of the cutting tool 36 is a stepped part in which a part of the main body part 62 is cut out, and the grinding relief part 68 is arranged in the rotational direction of the tool shaft 34 with respect to the cutting edge part 64 of the cutting tool 36. and has a pressed surface 74 that is inclined with respect to the central axis of the cutting tool 36.
- the cutting tool 36 can be pressed in the direction opposite to the rotational direction of the tool shaft 34 (in the direction of arrow B).
- the main body portion 62 of the cutting tool 36 can be pressed against the inner circumferential surface 441 of the insertion hole 44 and fixed. As a result, the cutting tool 36 is securely fixed to the insertion hole 44 of the tool shaft 34 by using the grinding relief part 68 of the cutting tool 36 and pressing the pressed surface 74 of the grinding relief part 68 with the pressing member 84. can do.
- the polishing relief part 68 (pressed surface 74) of the cutting tool 36 as the pressed part and applying a preload by pressing with the pressing member 84, it is possible to create a new part to be pressed by the pressing member 84. In comparison, the manufacturing cost of the cutting tool 18 can be reduced.
- the cutting tool 36 By pressing the polishing relief portion 68 close to the cutting edge portion 64 with the pressing member 84, the cutting tool 36 can be firmly fixed to the tool shaft 34, and the rigidity of the cutting tool 36 can be increased. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the cutting tool 36 from swinging when processing the workpiece W with the cutting tool 36.
- the pressing mechanism 40 includes a pressing member 84 that presses the pressed surface 74 of the polishing relief portion 68 of the cutting tool 36, and a fastening bolt 86 that is inserted into the bolt hole 46 of the tool shaft 34.
- the shaft portion 92 of the fastening bolt 86 is screwed into the screw hole 88 of the pressing member 84 .
- the pressing member 84 presses the pressed surface 74 of the cutting tool 36, and the cutting tool 36 is inserted into the insertion hole. It can be firmly fixed by pressing against the inner circumferential surface 441 of 44. After the cutting tool 36 is positioned on the tool shaft 34, there is no need to screw the fastening bolt 86, so the attitude of the cutting tool 36 is maintained without changing.
- the pressing member 84 When viewed from the axial direction of the tool shaft 34, the pressing member 84 is arranged in a direction away from the cutting edge 64 with respect to an imaginary line L that is parallel to the central axis of the cutting tool 36 and passing through the cutting edge 72 of the cutting edge 64. Ru. Therefore, when removing the cutting tool 36 from the tool shaft 34 and replacing it, when pulling out the cutting tool 36 from the insertion hole 44 in the direction of the second hole 52, the cutting edge 72 (cutting edge portion 64) of the cutting tool 36 and the pressing member 84 is not in contact. Therefore, when replacing the cutting tool 36, it is possible to perform the replacement work without removing the pressing member 84. The same applies when attaching a new cutting tool 36 to the tool shaft 34.
- the position adjustment mechanism 38 includes an adjustment member 76.
- the adjustment member 76 has a male threaded portion 78 that is threaded into the inner circumferential surface 441 of the insertion hole 44 of the tool shaft 34 and a female threaded portion 80 that is threaded into the threaded portion 66 of the cutting tool 36 .
- the adjustment member 76 is rotatably arranged in the second hole portion 52 of the insertion hole 44 .
- the thread pitch of the female threaded portion 80 is smaller than the thread pitch of the male threaded portion 78.
- the cutting tool 36 screwed into the adjustment member 76 can be moved along the axial direction, and the protrusion amount T of the cutting edge portion 64 relative to the outer peripheral surface of the tool shaft 34 can be adjusted. It is.
- the thread pitch of the female threaded portion 80 is smaller than the thread pitch of the male threaded portion 78. Therefore, when the adjusting member 76 is rotated, the cutting tool 36 can be slightly moved in the axial direction.
- the protrusion amount T of the cutting tool 36 relative to the outer peripheral surface of the tool shaft 34 can be adjusted with high precision.
- the conventional cutting tool is equipped with two adjustment screws and a fixing screw, and the adjusting screw and the fixing screw are used to perform adjustment work.
- the protrusion amount T of the cutting tool 36 can be adjusted by rotating the adjustment member 76. Therefore, the number of man-hours required for adjusting the protrusion amount T of the cutting tool 36 can be reduced.
- the pressing member 84 is arranged along the axial direction of the tool shaft 34.
- a fastening bolt 86 is screwed into the upper part of the pressing member 84 through a screw hole 88 .
- the lower part of the pressing member 84 is in contact with the pressed surface 74 of the cutting tool 36 .
- the pressing force urged from the fastening bolt 86 to the upper part of the pressing member 84 can be reliably applied toward the cutting tool 36 at the lower part of the pressing member 84. Therefore, the cutting tool 36 can be urged toward the threaded portion 66 by the pressing member 84, and the main body portion 62 can be urged toward the inner circumferential surface 441 of the insertion hole 44 and pressed against the inner circumferential surface 441 to be fixed.
- the fastening bolt 86 and the cutting tool 36 are arranged to intersect with each other.
- the fastening bolt 86 is rotated to move the pressing member 84 toward the cutting tool 36, the pressing force is applied from the pressing member 84 to the cutting tool 36 in a diagonal direction with respect to the central axis of the cutting tool 36.
- a cutting tool 120 may be employed.
- the cutting tool 120 has a cutting tool 122.
- the cutting tool 122 includes first and second polishing relief parts 124 and 126.
- the first polishing relief portion 124 is spaced apart from the cutting edge portion 64 toward the threaded portion 66 .
- the second polishing relief portion 126 is arranged further away from the first polishing relief portion 124 toward the threaded portion 66 .
- the first and second polishing relief parts 124 and 126 are each cut out from the tip of the cutting tool 122 toward the main body part 62.
- the first polishing relief portion 124 is adjacent to the cutting edge portion 64 and close to the central axis of the cutting tool 122 .
- the second polishing relief part 126 is arranged closer to the outer peripheral surface of the cutting tool 122 than the first polishing relief part 124 is.
- the first and second polishing relief parts 124, 126 are arranged in the rotational direction of the tool shaft 34 (in the direction of arrow A) with respect to the cutting edge part 64. .
- the first polishing relief part 124 and the second polishing relief part 126 are formed in a stepped shape.
- the first polishing relief portion 124 includes a first pressed surface 128.
- the second polishing relief portion 126 includes a second pressed surface 130 .
- the first pressed surface 128 and the second pressed surface 130 are substantially parallel.
- the angle of inclination of the first and second pressed surfaces 128 and 130 with respect to the central axis of the cutting tool 122 is the same as the angle of inclination of the holding surface 60 of the recess 48 with respect to the central axis of the insertion hole 44 (see FIG. 7).
- a locking surface 132 is provided between the first pressed surface 128 and the second pressed surface 130. When viewed from the axial direction of the tool shaft 34, the locking surface 132 is approximately parallel to the central axis of the cutting tool 122. The locking surface 132 connects the outer edge of the first pressed surface 128 and the inner edge of the second pressed surface 130.
- the second pressed surface 130 When viewed from the axial direction of the tool shaft 34, when a line segment that is parallel to the central axis of the cutting tool 122 and passes through the cutting edge 72 is an imaginary line L, the second pressed surface 130 is located at the cutting edge with respect to the imaginary line L. 72.
- a pressing member 84 housed in the recess 48 comes into contact with the second pressed surface 130 of the second polishing relief portion 126 . The pressing member 84 contacts the locking surface 132.
- the cutting tool 122 when the pressing member 84 is brought into contact with the second polishing relief portion 126 to hold the cutting tool 122, the cutting tool 122 is directed toward the threaded portion 66 by contacting the second pressed surface 130. It can be biased and fixed by being biased toward the inner circumferential surface 441 of the insertion hole 44.
- the pressing member 84 comes into contact with the locking surface 132, movement of the cutting tool 122 in the rotational direction (arrow A direction) can be suppressed.
- the pressing member 84 by holding the second pressed surface 130 and the locking surface 132 of the cutting tool 122 by the pressing member 84, it is possible to more reliably suppress the deflection of the cutting tool 122 when processing the workpiece W with the cutting tool 122. can.
- the pressing member 84 When viewed from the axial direction of the tool shaft 34, when a line segment parallel to the central axis of the cutting tool 122 and passing through the cutting edge 72 is an imaginary line L, the pressing member 84 is spaced apart from the cutting edge 72 with respect to the imaginary line L. It is placed in the same position. Therefore, when the cutting tool 122 is pulled out from the insertion hole 44 in the direction of the second hole 52, the pressing member 84 and the cutting edge 72 do not come into contact with each other. Therefore, when replacing the cutting tool 122 from the tool shaft 34, the cutting tool 122 can be replaced without removing the pressing member 84.
- a cutting tool 140 according to a second modification example shown in FIG. 8 may be employed.
- the cutting tool 140 has a pair of fastening bolts 861 and 862.
- the fastening bolts 861 and 862 are spaced apart in the axial direction of the tool shaft 34.
- the fastening bolt 861 is arranged above the cutting tool 36 and spaced apart from it.
- the fastening bolt 862 is spaced apart below the cutting tool 36. That is, the fastening bolts 861 and 862 are arranged so as to sandwich the cutting tool 36 in the axial direction of the tool shaft 34. When viewed from the axial direction of the tool shaft 34, the fastening bolts 861 and 862 overlap.
- the fastening bolts 861 and 862 are each inserted into the bolt hole 46 of the tool shaft 34.
- the shaft portions 92 of the fastening bolts 861 and 862 are screwed into the screw holes 881 and 882 of the pressing member 142, respectively.
- the pressing member 142 is accommodated in the recess 481 of the tool shaft 34.
- the center portion of the pressing member 142 comes into contact with the pressed surface 74 of the polishing relief portion 68 of the cutting tool 36 .
- the pressing force applied from the fastening bolts 861 and 862 to the upper and lower parts of the pressing member 142 is directed toward the cutting tool 36 at the center of the pressing member 142, compared to when pressing with one fastening bolt 86. It can be applied more reliably.
- the cutting tool 36 is urged toward the threaded portion 66 via the pressing member 142 pressed by the pair of fastening bolts 861 and 862, and the main body portion 62 is urged toward the inner circumferential surface 441 of the insertion hole 44. It can be fixed even more reliably by pressing it against the inner circumferential surface 441.
- the above embodiment is a cutting tool (18) used in a cutting machine (10) that processes a workpiece (W), a shaft (34) rotationally driven by a drive mechanism (16);
- the shaft has a distal end in which a cutting edge (64) is formed and a proximal end opposite to the distal end, and extends in a direction crossing the axial direction of the shaft.
- a cutter (36) that is inserted into a provided insertion hole (44), is movable in the axial direction of the insertion hole, and has the cutting edge protruding radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the shaft.
- a position adjustment mechanism (38) attached to the shaft and capable of adjusting the position of the cutter relative to the shaft in the hole axis direction;
- the pressed portion is a stepped portion in which a part of the cutting tool is cut out,
- the step portion has an inclined surface (74) arranged to be inclined with respect to the central axis of the cutting tool in the rotational direction of the shaft with respect to the cutting edge portion,
- the pressing mechanism contacts the inclined surface.
- the pressing mechanism includes a pressing member (84) that presses the pressed portion of the cutting tool; a fastening bolt (86) that is inserted through the shaft and screwed onto the pressing member to urge the pressing member toward the shaft and the cutting tool; Equipped with
- the pressing mechanism includes a pressing member that is arranged substantially parallel to the inclined surface of the pressed portion and presses the inclined surface; a fastening bolt that is inserted through the shaft and screwed onto the pressing member, and biases the pressing member toward the shaft and the cutting tool; Equipped with
- the pressing member When viewed from the axial direction of the shaft, the pressing member is spaced apart from the cutting blade with respect to a line segment (L) that is parallel to the central axis of the cutting tool and passes through the cutting edge (72) of the cutting blade. placed in the direction.
- the position adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment member (76) having a male screw portion (78) screwed onto the inner surface of the insertion hole and a female screw portion (80) screwed onto the cutting tool,
- the adjustment member is rotatably arranged inside the insertion hole, A thread pitch of the female threaded portion is smaller than a thread pitch of the male threaded portion.
- the pressing member is arranged along the axial direction of the shaft,
- the fastening bolt is screwed into one end of the pressing member along the axial direction, and the other end of the pressing member along the axial direction abuts the cutting tool.
- the fastening bolt and the cutting tool intersect when viewed from the axial direction of the shaft.
- a set of the fastening bolts is provided across the cutting tool in the axial direction of the shaft.
- the pressed portion includes a first pressed surface adjacent to the cutting edge portion; a second pressed surface disposed closer to the proximal end than the first pressed surface and radially outward of the cutting tool with respect to the first pressed surface; Equipped with The second pressed surface is pressed by the pressing mechanism.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Milling Processes (AREA)
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2024510900A JP7702038B2 (ja) | 2022-03-30 | 2022-03-30 | 切削用工具 |
| PCT/JP2022/016034 WO2023188120A1 (ja) | 2022-03-30 | 2022-03-30 | 切削用工具 |
| CN202280094547.5A CN119013114A (zh) | 2022-03-30 | 2022-03-30 | 切削工具 |
| US18/850,592 US20250214150A1 (en) | 2022-03-30 | 2022-03-30 | Cutting tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2022/016034 WO2023188120A1 (ja) | 2022-03-30 | 2022-03-30 | 切削用工具 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023188120A1 true WO2023188120A1 (ja) | 2023-10-05 |
Family
ID=88200307
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2022/016034 Ceased WO2023188120A1 (ja) | 2022-03-30 | 2022-03-30 | 切削用工具 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250214150A1 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP7702038B2 (https=) |
| CN (1) | CN119013114A (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO2023188120A1 (https=) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53130691U (https=) * | 1977-03-24 | 1978-10-17 | ||
| JPS5682102A (en) * | 1979-12-04 | 1981-07-04 | Kaiser Ag Heinz | Boring head provided with precision adjusting mechanism |
| JP2006247775A (ja) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-21 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 切削工具及びインサート |
| JP2007253305A (ja) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-04 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | フライスカッター及びインサート |
| JP2010099795A (ja) * | 2008-10-24 | 2010-05-06 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 中ぐり工具 |
| JP2011194481A (ja) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-10-06 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 中ぐり工具 |
-
2022
- 2022-03-30 WO PCT/JP2022/016034 patent/WO2023188120A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2022-03-30 JP JP2024510900A patent/JP7702038B2/ja active Active
- 2022-03-30 CN CN202280094547.5A patent/CN119013114A/zh active Pending
- 2022-03-30 US US18/850,592 patent/US20250214150A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53130691U (https=) * | 1977-03-24 | 1978-10-17 | ||
| JPS5682102A (en) * | 1979-12-04 | 1981-07-04 | Kaiser Ag Heinz | Boring head provided with precision adjusting mechanism |
| JP2006247775A (ja) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-21 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 切削工具及びインサート |
| JP2007253305A (ja) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-04 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | フライスカッター及びインサート |
| JP2010099795A (ja) * | 2008-10-24 | 2010-05-06 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 中ぐり工具 |
| JP2011194481A (ja) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-10-06 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 中ぐり工具 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP7702038B2 (ja) | 2025-07-02 |
| US20250214150A1 (en) | 2025-07-03 |
| CN119013114A (zh) | 2024-11-22 |
| JPWO2023188120A1 (https=) | 2023-10-05 |
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