WO2023174114A1 - 仪表板总成和车辆 - Google Patents

仪表板总成和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023174114A1
WO2023174114A1 PCT/CN2023/080168 CN2023080168W WO2023174114A1 WO 2023174114 A1 WO2023174114 A1 WO 2023174114A1 CN 2023080168 W CN2023080168 W CN 2023080168W WO 2023174114 A1 WO2023174114 A1 WO 2023174114A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
instrument panel
edge line
panel assembly
hinge
outer convex
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/080168
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邱鹏
曹阳
Original Assignee
北京车和家汽车科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京车和家汽车科技有限公司 filed Critical 北京车和家汽车科技有限公司
Publication of WO2023174114A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023174114A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
    • B60R21/205—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components in dashboards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
    • B60R21/215—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components characterised by the covers for the inflatable member
    • B60R21/2165—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components characterised by the covers for the inflatable member characterised by a tear line for defining a deployment opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
    • B62D25/14—Dashboards as superstructure sub-units

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of automobile parts, and specifically to an instrument panel assembly and a vehicle.
  • the instrument panel assembly is generally provided with a characteristic line for locating the weakened line for processing.
  • the characteristic line is generally set to have a certain distance from the weakened line.
  • the instrument panel assembly is easily broken along the characteristic line when the airbag is exploded, and the instrument panel assembly is prone to fragments following the airbag explosion, resulting in poor safety when the airbag is exploded.
  • the present disclosure aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art, at least to a certain extent.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure propose an instrument panel assembly, which has the advantage of being less likely to generate fragments when the airbag is deployed and having high safety when the airbag is deployed.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a vehicle.
  • the instrument panel assembly of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes an instrument panel frame, and the instrument panel frame is connected to an airbag frame.
  • the airbag frame includes a body, an airbag door, and a hinge connecting the body and the airbag door.
  • the instrument panel The frame includes a characteristic area opposite to the hinge.
  • the characteristic area includes an outer convex portion that is concave in a direction away from the hinge.
  • the outer convex portion extends along the axial direction of the hinge.
  • the instrument panel frame is also provided with There is a line of weakness extending along the axial direction of the hinge, the line of weakness being located on the outer convex portion.
  • the outwardly concave convex portion in the characteristic area can be used as a characteristic structure for processing the weakening line, and the weakening line is arranged at the outer convex portion.
  • the instrument panel frame can be directly along the When the weakened line breaks, it will not be affected by the outer convex part, effectively avoiding the generation of fragments at the broken weakened line.
  • the body and the airbag door are both connected to the dashboard frame, and the hinge is spaced apart from the feature area.
  • the surface of the convex portion facing away from the hinge is a convex arc surface, and the arc radius of the convex arc surface is 5mm-15mm.
  • the height of each position of the outer convex arc surface increases sequentially in a direction away from the air bag door.
  • the instrument panel frame further includes a weakened area opposite to the airbag door, the weakened area is connected to the characteristic area, and the characteristic area further includes an inner recess that is recessed toward the hinge.
  • the inner concave portion extends along the axial direction of the hinge, and the inner concave portion is located on a side of the outer convex portion facing the weakened area.
  • the surface of the concave portion facing away from the hinge is a concave arc surface, and the arc radius of the concave arc surface is 15 mm-20 mm.
  • the outer convex portion further includes a first edge line and a second edge line opposite to each other along the front and rear direction of the instrument panel frame, and the first edge line is located away from the second edge line.
  • the distance between the first edge line and the weakened line is less than 3 mm, and/or the distance between the second edge line and the weakened line is less than 3 mm.
  • the inner recess further includes a third edge line and a fourth edge line opposite to each other along the front and rear direction of the instrument panel frame, and the fourth edge line is located away from the third edge line and away from the third edge line.
  • the distance between the first edge line and the fourth edge line is 12mm-20mm.
  • the characteristic area further includes a transition portion connecting the inner concave portion and the outer convex portion, and both the inner and outer surfaces of the transition portion are flat.
  • the instrument panel assembly further includes a shielding layer attached to the outer surface of the instrument panel frame.
  • the inner surface of the outer protrusion is provided with a plurality of weakening grooves spaced along the weakening line.
  • a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes an instrument panel assembly as described in any of the above embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a top view of an instrument panel assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which the occlusion layer is hidden.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of A in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of a characteristic area of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an instrument panel assembly at a weakening line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which the air bag is not exploded.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an instrument panel assembly at a weakening line in which an air bag explodes and impacts an air bag door according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the instrument panel assembly at the weakening line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which the airbag explodes out of the instrument panel. Outside the skeleton.
  • the instrument panel assembly 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is described below with reference to FIGS. 1-6 .
  • the instrument panel assembly 100 includes an instrument panel frame 1 connected to an airbag frame 2.
  • the airbag frame 2 includes a body 21, an airbag door 22 and a hinge 23 connecting the body 21 and the airbag door 22.
  • the dashboard frame 1 includes a feature area 11 opposite the hinge 23 . Among them, the characteristic area 11 is spaced apart from the hinge 23 .
  • the body 21 and the airbag door 22 are both welded to the inner surface of the instrument panel frame 1 through friction welding, and the airbag 3 is installed on the body 21 .
  • the characteristic area 11 includes an outer convex portion 111 that is concave in a direction away from the hinge 23.
  • the outer convex portion 111 extends along the axial direction of the hinge 23.
  • the instrument panel frame 1 is also provided with a weakening line 5 extending along the axial direction of the hinge 23.
  • the weakening line 5 is located on the outer protrusion 111.
  • the axial direction of the hinge 23 is the length direction of the pivot axis of the airbag door 22, which is consistent with the left and right directions of the vehicle.
  • the outwardly concave convex portion 111 in the characteristic area 11 can be used as a characteristic structure for processing the weakening line 5 , and the weakening line 5 is provided at the outer convex portion 111 , and the airbag 3 is exploded
  • the instrument panel frame 1 can be broken directly along the weakening line 5 without being affected by the outer protrusion 111 , effectively avoiding the generation of fragments at the break of the weakening line 5 .
  • the outer convex portion 111 is the structural weakening point of the instrument panel frame 1.
  • the weakening line 5 is the outer convex portion 111.
  • the tear resistance strength of the outer convex portion 111 at the weakened line 5 is the lowest.
  • the instrument panel frame 1 breaks along the weakening line 5, and simultaneously disconnects the outer protrusion 111 from the instrument panel frame 1.
  • the outer protruding portion 111 is not easily broken to produce fragments.
  • the front-rear direction of the instrument panel frame 1 is the front-rear direction of the vehicle.
  • both the body 21 and the airbag door 22 are connected to the dashboard frame 1 , and the hinge 23 is spaced apart from the feature area 11 .
  • the hinge 23 is no longer connected to the outer protrusion 111, thereby effectively avoiding surface quality problems caused by the connection of the outer protrusion 111 with the hinge 23 and ensuring the structural strength of the feature area 11.
  • the surface of the convex portion 111 facing away from the hinge 23 is a convex arc surface, and the arc radius of the convex arc surface is 5mm-15mm.
  • the outer convex portion 111 of this size effectively avoids stress concentration when the weakening line 5 breaks, thereby making it less likely to break and produce fragments, ensuring the safety of the airbag 3 when it is blasted. Moreover, this arrangement also facilitates the formation of a space for the hinge 23 to be accommodated inside the characteristic area 11 to ensure effective welding of the airbag door 22 and the main body 21 to the dashboard main body 21 .
  • the arc radius of the convex arc surface can be 5 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm.
  • the characteristic area 11 is more recognizable at the outer convex portion 111, ensuring its function as a characteristic structure.
  • the outer convex portion 111 can more effectively avoid stress concentration and is less likely to break and generate fragments.
  • the height of each position of the convex arc surface increases sequentially in the direction away from the air bag door 22 .
  • the rear end of the outer convex portion 111 is upturned. Therefore, when the airbag 3 explodes and the instrument panel frame 1 breaks along the weakening line 5, the outer convex portion 111 is The rear end is disconnected, that is, the outer protruding portion 111 is separated as a whole, and the outer protruding portion 111 is less likely to break and generate fragments.
  • the instrument panel frame 1 further includes a weakened area 12 opposite to the airbag door 22 , the weakened area 12 is connected to the characteristic area 11 , and the characteristic area 11 further includes an inner recess 112 recessed toward the hinge 23 , and the inner recess 112 is along the hinge. 23 extends axially, and the inner concave portion 112 is located on the side of the outer convex portion 111 facing the weakened area 12 .
  • the characteristic area 11 allows the inside of the characteristic area 11 to form a space that is convenient for accommodating the hinge 23 and also facilitates effective welding of the airbag door 22 and the weakened area 12 .
  • the characteristic area 11 includes both the outer convex portion 111 and the inner concave portion 112, which is easier to identify when processing the weakening line 5, and has a good effect as a characteristic structure.
  • the airbag door 22 is welded on the weakened area 12
  • the body 21 is welded on the instrument panel frame 1 except for the characteristic area 11 and the weakened area 12 .
  • FIG. 2 there are two airbag doors 22 arranged along the front and rear direction of the instrument panel frame 1 , and there is one airbag door 11 and connected with the rear end of the weakened area 12 .
  • the weakening line 5 located behind the weakened area 12 breaks and generates fragments, thereby preventing the fragments from being sputtered backward on the protected occupants along with the airbag 3, ensuring the safety of the airbag 3 explosion.
  • a characteristic area 11 can also be connected at the front end of the weakened area 12, thereby effectively avoiding the generation of fragments due to the bursting of the airbag 3 at the weakened line 5 located in front of the weakened area 12.
  • the surface of the concave portion 112 facing away from the hinge 23 is a concave arc surface, and the arc radius of the concave arc surface is 15 mm-20 mm.
  • the inner recess 112 of this size effectively avoids stress concentration in the characteristic area 11 when the weakening line 5 breaks, thereby making it less likely to break and produce fragments, ensuring the safety of the airbag 3 when it is blasted. Moreover, this arrangement also facilitates the formation of a space for the hinge 23 to be accommodated inside the characteristic area 11 to ensure effective welding of the airbag door 22 and the main body 21 to the dashboard main body 21 .
  • the arc radius of the concave arc surface may be 15 mm, 17 mm, and 20 mm.
  • the characteristic Area 11 is more recognizable at the inner concave portion 112, ensuring its function as a characteristic structure.
  • the inner concave portion 112 can more effectively avoid stress concentration, and thus is less fragile. Crack produces fragments.
  • the outer convex portion 111 also includes a first edge line 6 and a second edge line 7 that are opposite to each other along the front and rear direction of the instrument panel frame 1 , and the first edge line 6 is located on the second edge line. 7 The side facing away from the air bag door 22.
  • the distance between the first edge line 6 and the weakening line 5 is less than 3 mm, and/or the distance between the second edge line 7 and the weakening line 5 is less than 3 mm.
  • the instrument panel frame 1 can break along the first edge line 6 or the second edge line 7 , and the structure of the outer convex portion 111 is not easily affected by the bursting of the airbag 3 , and thus is less likely to break. Fragmentation produces fragments, ensuring the safety of the airbag 3 exploding.
  • the inner recess 112 also includes a third edge line 8 and a fourth edge line 9 opposite along the front and rear direction of the instrument panel frame 1 , the fourth edge line 9 is located away from the third edge line 8 and the second edge line 7 On one side, the distance between the first edge line 6 and the fourth edge line 9 is 12mm-20mm.
  • the characteristic area 11 within this width range can just form a space for the hinge 23 to be hidden, which has high space utilization and avoids the contact between the welding position of the airbag frame 2 and this area, ensuring that the airbag door 22 and the body 21 are in contact with each other. Effective welding of instrument panel frame 1.
  • the feature area 11 also includes a transition portion 113 connecting the inner concave portion 112 and the outer convex portion 111 , and both the inner and outer surfaces of the transition portion 113 are flat.
  • the transition portion 113 realizes a smooth connection between the outer convex portion 111 and the inner concave portion 112, effectively preventing the characteristic area 11 from stress concentration and fragmentation.
  • the instrument panel assembly 100 further includes a shielding layer 4 attached to the outer surface of the instrument panel frame 1 .
  • the shielding layer 4 includes a soft filling layer 41 and a skin 42, which plays a decorative role and ensures the aesthetic appearance and touch comfort of the instrument panel assembly 100.
  • the thickness of the shielding layer 4 is equal at each position, so the instrument panel assembly 100 can also form obvious convex and concave features in the feature area 11 for easy identification.
  • the inner surface of the outer protrusion 111 is provided with a plurality of weakening grooves spaced apart along the weakening line 5 .
  • a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes the instrument panel assembly 100 as in any of the above embodiments.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically limited.
  • connection In this disclosure, unless otherwise explicitly stated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection”, “fixing” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrated; it can be mechanically connected, electrically connected or communicable with each other; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction between two elements, Unless otherwise expressly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • a first feature being “on” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features may be in indirect contact through an intermediary. touch.
  • the terms “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature is above the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • "Below”, “below” and “beneath” the first feature to the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a smaller horizontal height than the second feature.
  • the terms “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “example,” “specific examples,” or “some examples” or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or other feature is described in connection with the embodiment or example.
  • Features are included in at least one embodiment or example of the disclosure.
  • the schematic expressions of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example.
  • the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
  • those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification unless they are inconsistent with each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种仪表板总成和车辆。仪表板总成包括仪表板骨架，仪表板骨架与气囊框相连，气囊框包括本体、气囊门和连接本体和气囊门的铰链，仪表板骨架包括与铰链相对的特征区，特征区包括朝远离铰链方向凹陷的外凸部，外凸部沿铰链的轴向延伸，仪表板骨架上还设有沿铰链的轴向延伸的弱化线，弱化线位于外凸部上。

Description

仪表板总成和车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2022年03月18日在中国提交的中国专利申请号2022206081144的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及汽车零部件技术领域，具体涉及一种仪表板总成和车辆。
背景技术
相关技术中，仪表板总成上一般设有用于为加工弱化线进行定位的特征线，而为了避免应力集中，一般设置特征线与弱化线具有一定的间距。然而该设置在气囊爆破时仪表板总成容易沿特征线碎裂，进而存在仪表板总成在气囊爆破时易有碎片跟随爆出，气囊爆出安全性差的缺陷。
发明内容
本公开旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。
为此，本公开的实施例提出一种仪表板总成，该仪表板总成具有在气囊爆出时不易产生碎片，气囊爆出安全性高的优点。
本公开的实施例还提出一种车辆。
本公开实施例的仪表板总成包括仪表板骨架，所述仪表板骨架与气囊框相连，所述气囊框包括本体、气囊门和连接所述本体和所述气囊门的铰链，所述仪表板骨架包括与所述铰链相对的特征区，所述特征区包括朝远离所述铰链方向凹陷的外凸部，所述外凸部沿所述铰链的轴向延伸，所述仪表板骨架上还设有沿所述铰链的轴向延伸的弱化线，所述弱化线位于所述外凸部上。
根据本公开实施例的仪表板总成，特征区中朝外凹陷的外凸部便于作为加工弱化线的特征结构，且弱化线设置于外凸部处，在气囊爆破时仪表板骨架可以直接沿弱化线断裂，不会受到外凸部的影响，有效避免弱化线断裂处碎片的产生。
在一些实施例中，所述本体和所述气囊门均与所述仪表板骨架相连，所述铰链与所述特征区间隔开。
在一些实施例中，所述外凸部背离所述铰链的表面为外凸圆弧面，所述外凸圆弧面的圆弧半径为5mm-15mm。
在一些实施例中，所述外凸圆弧面的各位置高度沿远离所述气囊门的方向依次增大。
在一些实施例中，所述仪表板骨架还包括与所述气囊门相对的弱化区，所述弱化区与所述特征区衔接，所述特征区还包括朝所述铰链凹陷的内凹部，所述内凹部沿所述铰链的轴向延伸，所述内凹部位于所述外凸部朝向所述弱化区的一侧。
在一些实施例中，所述气囊门有两个并沿所述仪表板骨架的前后方向排列，所述特征区有一个并与所述弱化区的后端衔接。
在一些实施例中，所述内凹部背离所述铰链的表面为内凹圆弧面，所述内凹圆弧面的圆弧半径为15mm-20mm。
在一些实施例中，所述外凸部还包括沿所述仪表板骨架的前后方向相对的第一边缘线和第二边缘线，所述第一边缘线位于所述第二边缘线背离所述气囊门的一侧，所述第一边缘线和所述弱化线之间的距离小于3mm，和/或，所述第二边缘线和所述弱化线之间的距离小于3mm。
在一些实施例中，所述内凹部还包括沿所述仪表板骨架的前后方向相对的第三边缘线和第四边缘线，所述第四边缘线位于所述第三边缘线背离所述第二边缘线的一侧，所述第一边缘线和所述第四边缘线之间的距离为12mm-20mm。
在一些实施例中，所述特征区还包括衔接所述内凹部和所述外凸部的过渡部，所述过渡部的内外表面均为平面。
在一些实施例中，所述仪表板总成还包括遮挡层，所述遮挡层贴附在所述仪表板骨架的外表面。
在一些实施例中，所述外凸部的内表面设有沿所述弱化线间隔分布的多个弱化槽。
根据本公开实施例的车辆包括如上述任一实施例所述的仪表板总成。
根据本公开实施例的车辆的技术优势与上述实施例的仪表板总成的技术优势相同，此处不再赘述
附图说明
图1是根据本公开实施例的仪表板总成的俯视图，其中，隐藏遮挡层。
图2是根据本公开实施例的图1中A的剖视图。
图3是根据本公开实施例的图2在特征区的局部放大图。
图4是根据本公开实施例的仪表板总成在弱化线处的示意图，其中，气囊未爆破。
图5是根据本公开实施例的仪表板总成在弱化线处的示意图，其中，气囊爆破并冲击气囊门。
图6是根据本公开实施例的仪表板总成在弱化线处的示意图，其中，气囊爆出仪表板 骨架外。
附图标记：
100、仪表板总成；1、仪表板骨架；11、特征区；111、外凸部；112、内凹部；113、
过渡部；12、弱化区；2、气囊框；21、本体；22、气囊门；23、铰链；3、气囊；4、遮挡层；41、软质填充层；42、表皮；5、弱化线；6、第一边缘线；7、第二边缘线；8、第三边缘线；9、第四边缘线。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本公开的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本公开，而不能理解为对本公开的限制。
下面结合图1-图6描述根据本公开实施例的仪表板总成100。
根据本公开实施例的仪表板总成100包括仪表板骨架1，仪表板骨架1与气囊框2相连，气囊框2包括本体21、气囊门22和连接本体21和气囊门22的铰链23。仪表板骨架1包括与铰链23相对的特征区11。其中，特征区11与铰链23间隔开。本体21和气囊门22均通过摩擦焊与仪表板骨架1的内表面焊接，气囊3安装于本体21上。
特征区11包括朝远离铰链23方向凹陷的外凸部111，外凸部111沿铰链23的轴向延伸，仪表板骨架1上还设有沿铰链23的轴向延伸的弱化线5，弱化线5位于外凸部111上。其中，铰链23的轴向为气囊门22的枢转轴线的长度方向，其与车辆的左右方向一致。
根据本公开实施例的仪表板总成100，特征区11中朝外凹陷的外凸部111便于作为加工弱化线5的特征结构，且弱化线5设置于外凸部111处，在气囊3爆破时仪表板骨架1可以直接沿弱化线5断裂，不会受到外凸部111的影响，有效避免弱化线5断裂处碎片的产生。
需要说明地，外凸部111为仪表板骨架1的结构弱化处，通过将弱化线5设置于外凸部111，使得外凸部111在弱化线5处的抗撕裂强度最低。如图4-图6所示，在气囊3爆破时，气囊门22首先冲击仪表板骨架1，此时，仪表板骨架1沿弱化线5断裂，同时断开外凸部111与仪表板骨架1其余部分的连接处，外凸部111不易碎裂产生碎片。此外，本实施例中，仪表板骨架1的前后方向为车辆的前后方向。
在一些实施例中，本体21和气囊门22均与仪表板骨架1相连，铰链23与特征区11间隔开。通过设置本体21与仪表板骨架1相连，铰链23不再与外凸部111相连，由此有效避免外凸部111因与铰链23连接而产生表面质量问题，保证了特征区11的结构强度。
在一些实施例中，外凸部111背离铰链23的表面为外凸圆弧面，外凸圆弧面的圆弧半径为5mm-15mm。
该尺寸的外凸部111在弱化线5断裂时有效避免应力集中，进而不易碎裂产生碎片，保证了气囊3爆破安全。而且，该设置也便于在特征区11的内侧形成供铰链23容置的空间，保证气囊门22和本体21与仪表板本体21的有效焊接。
在一些具体实施例中，外凸圆弧面的圆弧半径可以为5mm、10mm和15mm。在外凸部111在车辆前后方向的尺寸一定的基础上，当外凸圆弧面的圆弧半径为5mm时，特征区11在外凸部111处更具有辨识度，保证其作为特征结构的功能，当外凸圆弧面的圆弧半径为15mm时，外凸部111能够更有效地避免应力集中，进而更不易碎裂产生碎片。
在一些实施例中，外凸圆弧面的各位置高度沿远离气囊门22的方向依次增大。如图4-图6所示，即在车辆的前后方向，外凸部111的后端上翘，由此，在气囊3爆破以致仪表板骨架1沿弱化线5断裂时，外凸部111在后端处断开，即外凸部111整体分离，外凸部111更不易碎裂产生碎片。
在一些实施例中，仪表板骨架1还包括与气囊门22相对的弱化区12，弱化区12与特征区11衔接，特征区11还包括朝铰链23凹陷的内凹部112，内凹部112沿铰链23的轴向延伸，内凹部112位于外凸部111朝向弱化区12的一侧。
该设置使得特征区11的内侧形成便于铰链23容置的空间，也方便气囊门22与弱化区12的有效焊接。而且，特征区11同时包括外凸部111和内凹部112，在加工弱化线5时更易辨认，作为特征结构的效果好。
在一些具体实施例中，气囊门22焊接在弱化区12上，本体21焊接在仪表板骨架1除特征区11和弱化区12的部分上。
在一些实施例中，如图2所示，气囊门22有两个并沿仪表板骨架1的前后方向排列，特征区11有一个并与弱化区12的后端衔接。
由此在气囊3爆破时，有效避免位于弱化区12后方的弱化线5断裂的同时产生碎片，进而避免碎片随着气囊3向后溅射在受保护的乘员上，保证了气囊3爆破安全性。
需要说明地，也可以在弱化区12的前端衔接一个特征区11，由此也有效避免在位于弱化区12前方的弱化线5处因气囊3爆裂而产生碎片。
在一些实施例中，内凹部112背离铰链23的表面为内凹圆弧面，内凹圆弧面的圆弧半径为15mm-20mm。
该尺寸的内凹部112在弱化线5断裂时有效避免特征区11处应力集中，进而不易碎裂产生碎片，保证了气囊3爆破安全。而且，该设置也便于在特征区11的内侧形成供铰链23容置的空间，保证气囊门22和本体21与仪表板本体21的有效焊接。
在一些具体实施例中，内凹圆弧面的圆弧半径可以为15mm、17mm和20mm。在内凹部112在车辆前后方向的尺寸一定的基础上，当内凹圆弧面的圆弧半径为15mm时，特征 区11在内凹部112处更具有辨识度，保证其作为特征结构的功能，当外内凹圆弧面的圆弧半径为20mm时，内凹部112能够更有效地避免应力集中，进而更不易碎裂产生碎片。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，外凸部111还包括沿仪表板骨架1的前后方向相对的第一边缘线6和第二边缘线7，第一边缘线6位于第二边缘线7背离气囊门22的一侧。第一边缘线6和弱化线5之间的距离小于3mm，和/或，第二边缘线7和弱化线5之间的距离小于3mm。
由此，在气囊3爆破以致弱化线5断裂时，仪表板骨架1可以沿着第一边缘线6或第二边缘线7断裂，外凸部111的结构不易受到气囊3爆破的影响，进而不易碎裂产生碎片，保证了气囊3爆出安全性。
在一些实施例中，内凹部112还包括沿仪表板骨架1的前后方向相对的第三边缘线8和第四边缘线9，第四边缘线9位于第三边缘线8背离第二边缘线7的一侧，第一边缘线6和第四边缘线9之间的距离为12mm-20mm。
由此，在该宽度范围内的特征区11，恰好能够形成供铰链23隐藏的空间，空间利用率高，且避免了气囊框2焊接位置和该区域接触，保证了气囊门22和本体21与仪表板骨架1的有效焊接。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，特征区11还包括衔接内凹部112和外凸部111的过渡部113，过渡部113的内外表面均为平面。过渡部113实现外凸部111和内凹部112的光滑衔接，有效避免特征区11发生应力集中而碎裂。
在一些实施例中，仪表板总成100还包括遮挡层4，遮挡层4贴附在仪表板骨架1的外表面。
遮挡层4包括软质填充层41和表皮42，起到装饰作用，保证仪表板总成100的外形美观度和触摸舒适度。遮挡层4在各位置的厚度均相等，由此仪表板总成100同样可以在特征区11形成明显的凸起和凹陷特征，便于辨认。
在一些实施例中，外凸部111的内表面设有沿弱化线5间隔分布的多个弱化槽。
多个弱化槽降低了弱化线5的撕裂强度，气囊3打开并作用在弱化区12时，弱化区12能够在弱化槽处撕裂打开，以实现气囊3的爆出。
根据本公开实施例的车辆包括如上述任一实施例的仪表板总成100。
根据本公开实施例的车辆的技术优势与上述实施例的仪表板总成100的技术优势相同，此处不再赘述。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的 方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本公开的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本公开中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或彼此可通讯；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
在本公开中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本公开中，术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管已经示出和描述了上述实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本公开的限制，本领域普通技术人员对上述实施例进行的变化、修改、替换和变型均在本公开的保护范围内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种仪表板总成，其特征在于，包括：
    仪表板骨架，所述仪表板骨架与气囊框相连，所述气囊框包括本体、气囊门和连接所述本体和所述气囊门的铰链，所述仪表板骨架包括与所述铰链相对的特征区，所述特征区包括朝远离所述铰链方向凹陷的外凸部，所述外凸部沿所述铰链的轴向延伸，所述仪表板骨架上还设有沿所述铰链的轴向延伸的弱化线，所述弱化线位于所述外凸部上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的仪表板总成，其特征在于，所述本体和所述气囊门均与所述仪表板骨架相连，所述铰链与所述特征区间隔开。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的仪表板总成，其特征在于，所述外凸部背离所述铰链的表面为外凸圆弧面，所述外凸圆弧面的圆弧半径为5mm-15mm。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的仪表板总成，其特征在于，所述外凸圆弧面的各位置高度沿远离所述气囊门的方向依次增大。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的仪表板总成，其特征在于，所述仪表板骨架还包括与所述气囊门相对的弱化区，所述弱化区与所述特征区衔接，所述特征区还包括朝所述铰链凹陷的内凹部，所述内凹部沿所述铰链的轴向延伸，所述内凹部位于所述外凸部朝向所述弱化区的一侧。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的仪表板总成，其特征在于，所述气囊门有两个并沿所述仪表板骨架的前后方向排列，所述特征区有一个并与所述弱化区的后端衔接。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的仪表板总成，其特征在于，所述内凹部背离所述铰链的表面为内凹圆弧面，所述内凹圆弧面的圆弧半径为15mm-20mm。
  8. 根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的仪表板总成，其特征在于，所述外凸部还包括沿所述仪表板骨架的前后方向相对的第一边缘线和第二边缘线，所述第一边缘线位于所述第二边缘线背离所述气囊门的一侧，所述第一边缘线和所述弱化线之间的距离小于3mm，和/或，所述第二边缘线和所述弱化线之间的距离小于3mm。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的仪表板总成，其特征在于，所述内凹部还包括沿所述仪表板骨架的前后方向相对的第三边缘线和第四边缘线，所述第四边缘线位于所述第三边缘线背离所述第二边缘线的一侧，所述第一边缘线和所述第四边缘线之间的距离为12mm-20mm。
  10. 根据权利要求5至9中任一项所述的仪表板总成，其特征在于，所述特征区还包括衔接所述内凹部和所述外凸部的过渡部，所述过渡部的内外表面均为平面。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的仪表板总成，其特征在于，所述仪表板总成还包括遮挡层，所述遮挡层贴附在所述仪表板骨架的外表面。
  12. 根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的仪表板总成，其特征在于，所述外凸部的内表面设有沿所述弱化线间隔分布的多个弱化槽。
  13. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至12任一项所述的仪表板总成。
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