WO2023142890A1 - 一种高纯度胆固醇的合成方法 - Google Patents
一种高纯度胆固醇的合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023142890A1 WO2023142890A1 PCT/CN2022/144100 CN2022144100W WO2023142890A1 WO 2023142890 A1 WO2023142890 A1 WO 2023142890A1 CN 2022144100 W CN2022144100 W CN 2022144100W WO 2023142890 A1 WO2023142890 A1 WO 2023142890A1
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- compound
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- cholesterol
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- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007239 Wittig reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000006640 acetylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ZNWOYQVXPIEQRC-ZRFCQXGJSA-N (8s,9s,10r,13s,14s,17r)-17-(1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H](C(CO)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 ZNWOYQVXPIEQRC-ZRFCQXGJSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 303
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 109
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 102
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 96
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 67
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
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- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
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- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical group [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
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- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- FGTJJHCZWOVVNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-dimethylsilane Chemical group CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C FGTJJHCZWOVVNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- MICMHFIQSAMEJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione Chemical compound BrN1C(=O)CCC1=O.BrN1C(=O)CCC1=O MICMHFIQSAMEJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BXVSAYBZSGIURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxy-4h-1,3,2$l^{5}-benzodioxaphosphinine 2-oxide Chemical compound O1CC2=CC=CC=C2OP1(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 BXVSAYBZSGIURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000005282 vitamin D3 Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011647 vitamin D3 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940021056 vitamin d3 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NOGFHTGYPKWWRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-tetramethyloxan-4-one Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O1 NOGFHTGYPKWWRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGRCWJPBLWGNPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-n-(4-chlorophenyl)-n,5-dimethyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamide Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1N(C)C(=O)C1=C(C)ON=C1C1=CC=CC=C1Cl IGRCWJPBLWGNPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKIDDEGICSMIJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chlorobenzoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 RKIDDEGICSMIJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical class [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000002979 Influenza in Birds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-bromosuccinimide Substances BrN1C(=O)CCC1=O PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DWCSNWXARWMZTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trigonegenin A Natural products CC1C(C2(CCC3C4(C)CCC(O)C=C4CCC3C2C2)C)C2OC11CCC(C)CO1 DWCSNWXARWMZTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000036142 Viral infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000037640 animal pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003613 bile acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YHASWHZGWUONAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC(=O)CCC YHASWHZGWUONAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000490 cosmetic additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- WQLVFSAGQJTQCK-VKROHFNGSA-N diosgenin Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@]2(CC[C@@H]3[C@@]4(C)CC[C@H](O)CC4=CC[C@H]3[C@@H]2C1)C)[C@@H]1C)[C@]11CC[C@@H](C)CO1 WQLVFSAGQJTQCK-VKROHFNGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQLVFSAGQJTQCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diosgenin Natural products CC1C(C2(CCC3C4(C)CCC(O)CC4=CCC3C2C2)C)C2OC11CCC(C)CO1 WQLVFSAGQJTQCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical group [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006266 etherification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004896 high resolution mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108700021021 mRNA Vaccine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940126582 mRNA vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- FIYYMXYOBLWYQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ortho-iodylbenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1I(=O)=O FIYYMXYOBLWYQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124531 pharmaceutical excipient Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000002706 plastid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- WYVAMUWZEOHJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionic anhydride Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC(=O)CC WYVAMUWZEOHJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003270 steroid hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BCNZYOJHNLTNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)Cl BCNZYOJHNLTNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J9/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of more than two carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, coprostane
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J51/00—Normal steroids with unmodified cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton not provided for in groups C07J1/00 - C07J43/00
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of organic chemical synthesis, and relates to a method of synthesizing high-purity 21-hydroxy-20-methylpregn-4-en-3-one from plant sources, also known as bisnorol or BA (Bisnoralcohol) as a raw material. Cholesterol method.
- Cholesterol also known as cholesterol, is an indispensable and important substance in animal tissue cells. It not only participates in the formation of cell membranes, but also is a raw material for the synthesis of bile acids and steroid hormones in the body. At present, commercialized cholesterol is mainly used for: 1. Pharmaceutical excipients-liposome additives, such as as auxiliary materials for the new crown mRNA vaccine (adding 30-50% cholesterol when preparing liposomes can greatly improve lipid plastid drug loading and stability); 2. Cosmetic additives; 3. Raw materials for the production of liquid crystals; 4. Starting materials for the production of vitamin D3.
- animal brainstem brainstem cholesterol
- lanolin lanolin cholesterol
- the upstream raw material for the production of vitamin D3 is cholesterol. Due to the risk of epidemics, European and American countries have long prohibited the use of brainstem cholesterol as a raw material. From July 1, 2020, China has also restricted the use of brainstem cholesterol as a raw material. Therefore, in order to ensure people's health and safety, it is urgent to develop a plant-derived, high-purity synthetic method for cholesterol.
- the chemical synthesis reports of cholesterol mainly include the following methods:
- Cholesterol from animal sources has the risk of infection such as mad cow disease, streptococcus suis, and bird flu.
- the currently reported chemical synthesis routes of cholesterol have disadvantages such as cumbersome operation, high pollution, expensive catalysts, and low product purity. Therefore, it is of great value to develop a safer and more efficient high-purity cholesterol synthesis method based on plant-derived raw materials.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for synthesizing plant-derived high-purity cholesterol.
- the present invention uses plant source 21-hydroxyl-20-methylpregn-4-en-3-one, also known as bisnorol or BA, as a raw material, undergoes oxidation, Wittig reaction, acetylation, reduction, hydroxyl protection, selective
- the cholesterol is synthesized through steps such as hydrogenation reduction, deprotection or hydrolysis, and the purity can reach more than 99%.
- the starting material BA selected for synthesizing cholesterol in the invention is safe and economical, and the method for synthesizing cholesterol is simple in operation, high in yield, good in purity, friendly in environment, and convenient for industrialized production.
- the raw material BA (bisnoralcohol) used in the present invention is derived from the fermentation of phytosterols left over from the oil process. It is a green raw material of plant origin. At present, the annual output reaches 1,000 tons, and the price is cheap. There may be a risk of pathogenic bacteria and viral infection in animal-derived cholesterol.
- the raw material BA includes, but is not limited to, obtained through biological fermentation of phytosterols, or obtained through chemical synthesis methods.
- the method for synthesizing cholesterol with BA as raw material comprises the following steps:
- Step (a) in the first solvent, the BA represented by the formula (1) undergoes an oxidation reaction to obtain the compound of the formula (2);
- Step (b) in the second solvent, the compound of formula (2) undergoes Wittig reaction to obtain the compound of formula (3);
- Step (c) in the third solvent, the compound of formula (3) is acetylated to obtain the compound of formula (4);
- Step (e) in the fifth solvent, the compound of formula (5) undergoes hydroxyl protection reaction to obtain the compound of formula (6);
- Step (f) in the sixth solvent, the compound of formula (6) undergoes selective hydrogenation reduction reaction to obtain the compound of formula (7);
- Step (g) in the seventh solvent, deprotect or hydrolyze the compound of formula (7) to obtain cholesterol;
- reaction process of described method is as shown in route (A):
- R is selected from ester group, silicon ether group
- R is selected from C2-C10 straight chain ester group, isobutyl ester Isopentyl Phenyl ester p-methoxyphenylcarboxylate Trimethylsilyl ether group tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether group one or more of
- R is selected from ethyl ester Propyl ester Butyl ester Isobutyl ester Isopentyl ester Phenyl esters p-methoxyphenyl ester Trimethylsilyl ether group tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether group one or more of.
- step (a) of the present invention the oxidation reaction is specifically: in the first solvent, BA shown in formula (1) undergoes an oxidation reaction with TEMPO, sodium bicarbonate, tetrabutylammonium bromide, and an oxidizing agent to obtain the formula (2) Compounds.
- the mol ratio of BA shown in formula (1), TEMPO, sodium bicarbonate, tetrabutylammonium bromide, oxidizing agent is 1: (0 ⁇ 1): (0 ⁇ 20): (0 ⁇ 1): ( 1 to 5); preferably, 1:0.01:1.35:0.1:1.15.
- the oxidation reaction is carried out under the action of an oxidizing agent, and the oxidizing agent is selected from one of N-chlorosuccinimide NCS, N-bromosuccinimide NBS, 2-iodylbenzoic acid IBX, etc. or more; preferably, N-chlorosuccinimide NCS.
- the temperature of the oxidation reaction is 0-30°C; preferably, it is 0°C.
- the oxidation reaction time is 3-8 hours; preferably, it is 6 hours.
- the synthesis step of the compound of formula (2) comprises: the BA shown in formula (1) is dissolved in the first solvent, then add TEMPO, sodium bicarbonate, tetrabutylammonium bromide, NCS, produce Oxidation reaction gives the compound of formula (2).
- the Wittig reaction is specifically: in the second solvent, the compound of formula (2), 3,3-dimethylallyl halide, triphenylphosphine, and potassium tert-butoxide occur Wittig reaction to obtain the compound of formula (3).
- the molar ratio of the compound of formula (2), 3,3-dimethylallyl halide, triphenylphosphine, and potassium tert-butoxide is 1: (1 ⁇ 4): (1 ⁇ 4): (1 ⁇ 4); preferably, 1:1.3:1.3:1.3.
- the second solvent is one or more of toluene, benzene, tetrahydrofuran, heptane, etc.; preferably, it is toluene.
- the 3,3-dimethylallyl halide is selected from one or more of 3,3-dimethylallyl chloride, 3,3-dimethylallyl bromide, etc.; Preferably, it is 3,3-dimethylallyl bromide.
- the temperature of the Wittig reaction is -10-112°C; preferably, it is 10°C.
- the time for the Wittig reaction is 0.5-9 h; preferably, 0.5 h.
- the acetylation reaction is specifically: the compound of formula (3), acetyl chloride, acetic anhydride, and alkali are acetylated in a third solvent to obtain the compound of formula (4).
- the molar ratio of the compound of formula (3), acetyl chloride, acetic anhydride, and base is 1:(0.5 ⁇ 62.5):(1 ⁇ 62.5):(0 ⁇ 6); preferably, it is 1:25:24:4 .
- the base is selected from one or more of pyridine, triethylamine, DIPEA, DMAP, diisopropylamine, etc.; preferably, it is diisopropylamine.
- the third solvent is one or more of acetic anhydride, acetyl chloride, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, etc.; preferably, it is a mixed solvent of acetyl chloride and acetic anhydride.
- the temperature of the acetylation reaction is 40-110°C; preferably, it is 70°C.
- the time for the acetylation reaction is 1-10 h; preferably, 2-10 h; more preferably, 6 h.
- acetyl chloride and acetic anhydride are both used as reactants and solvents.
- the synthesis step of the compound of formula (4) includes: adding acetyl chloride, acetic anhydride and alkali to the compound of formula (3) for acetylation to obtain the compound of formula (4).
- the reduction reaction is specifically: the compound of the formula (4) and the reducing agent undergo a reduction reaction in a fourth solvent to obtain the compound of the formula (5).
- the molar ratio of the compound of formula (4) to the reducing agent is 1:(1-25); preferably, it is 1:4.
- the reducing agent is one or more of NaBH 4 , KBH 4 , etc.; preferably, it is NaBH 4 .
- the temperature of the reduction reaction is 0-50°C; preferably, 25°C.
- the reduction reaction time is 6-12 hours; preferably, it is 8 hours.
- the synthesis step of the compound of formula (5) comprises: dissolving the compound of formula (4) in a fourth solvent, and performing a reduction reaction with a reducing agent to obtain the compound of formula (5).
- the hydroxyl protecting reaction is specifically: in the fifth solvent, the compound of formula (5) reacts with the reagent for protecting hydroxyl in the fifth solvent under the action of a base Condensation reaction in the fifth solvent to obtain the compound of formula (6).
- ester group is selected from C2-C10 linear ester group (ethyl ester Propyl ester Butyl ester etc.), isobutyl ester Isopentyl ester Phenyl esters p-methoxyphenyl ester One or more ester groups in etc.; preferably, ethyl ester.
- the molar ratio of the compound of formula (5), ester group protecting reagent and base is 1:(1-4):(0.05-5); preferably, it is 1:3:0.1.
- the fifth solvent is one or more of ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, chloroform, DMF, toluene, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, etc.; preferably, it is ethyl acetate.
- the base is selected from one or more of triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, imidazole, pyridine, DMAP, etc.; preferably, it is DMAP.
- the temperature of the reaction is 0-50°C; preferably, it is 45°C.
- reaction time is 2-24 hours; preferably, it is 4 hours.
- the hydroxyl protection reaction is specifically: in the fifth solvent, the compound of formula (5) is reacted with a silicon ether group protecting reagent under the action of a base React in the fifth solvent to obtain the compound of formula (6).
- the silicon ether group is selected from trimethylsilyl ether group tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether group etc.; preferably, tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether group
- the molar ratio of the compound of formula (5), silicon ether group protecting reagent and base is 1:(2-4):(4-8); preferably, it is 1:2.5:4.
- the fifth solvent is one or more of DMF, dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, etc.; preferably, it is dichloromethane.
- the base is selected from one or more of triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, imidazole, pyridine, DMAP, etc.; preferably, it is imidazole.
- the temperature of the reaction is 0-50°C; preferably, it is 25°C.
- reaction time is 2-24 hours; preferably, it is 12 hours.
- the synthesis step of the compound of formula (6) includes: dissolving the compound of formula (5) in a fifth solvent, and reacting with a reagent for protecting hydroxyl under the action of a base to obtain the compound of formula (6).
- the selective hydrogenation reduction reaction is specifically: the compound of formula (6), under the action of a catalyst, undergoes a selective hydrogenation reduction reaction with a reducing agent in the sixth solvent to obtain the formula (7) ) compound.
- the catalyst is RaneyNi.
- the reducing agent is H 2 .
- the mass ratio of the compound of formula (6) to the catalyst RaneyNi is 1:(0.05-5); preferably, it is 1:1.
- the sixth solvent is selected from one or more of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, toluene, isopropanol, etc.; preferably, it is ethyl acetate.
- the temperature of the hydrogenation reduction reaction is 0-60°C; preferably, it is 30°C.
- the reducing agent H 2 pressure of the hydrogenation reduction reaction is 1-20 atm; preferably, 1 atm.
- the time for the hydrogenation-reduction reaction is 4-48 hours; preferably, 4-30 hours; more preferably, 7 hours.
- the cholesterol synthesis step includes: dissolving the compound of formula (6) in a sixth solvent, adding Raney Ni and H2 for replacement, and then undergoing a selective hydrogenation reduction reaction to obtain the compound of formula (7).
- step (g) when the protecting group R is an ester group, the hydrolysis reaction is specifically: the compound of formula (7) undergoes a hydrolysis reaction in the seventh solvent under the action of a base to obtain cholesterol .
- the base is selected from one or more of LiOH, KOH, NaOH, t-BuOK, K 2 CO 3 , etc.; preferably, it is K 2 CO 3 .
- the molar ratio of the compound of formula (7) to the base is 1:(0.5-2); preferably, it is 1:1.3.
- the seventh solvent is selected from one or more of methanol, ethanol, etc.; preferably, it is methanol.
- the temperature of the hydrolysis reaction is 10-75°C; preferably, it is 65°C.
- the time of the hydrolysis reaction is 0.3-12 hours; preferably, it is 2 hours.
- step (g) when the protecting group R is a silyl ether group, the deprotection reaction is specifically: the compound of formula (7) undergoes a deprotection reaction in the seventh solvent under the action of a catalyst , get cholesterol.
- the catalyst is selected from one or more of tetrabutylammonium fluoride TBAF, tetrabutylammonium fluoride trihydrate TBAF 3H 2 O, boron trifluoride ether, acetic acid, ethyl acetate solution of hydrogen chloride, etc. species; preferably, TBAF 3H 2 O.
- the molar ratio of the compound of formula (7) to the catalyst is 1:(1-6); preferably, it is 1:4.
- the seventh solvent is selected from one or more of tetrahydrofuran, water, etc.; preferably, it is tetrahydrofuran.
- the temperature of the deprotection reaction is 10-75°C; preferably, 25°C.
- the time of the deprotection reaction is 2-48 hours; preferably, it is 24 hours.
- the synthesis step of cholesterol includes: dissolving the compound of formula (7) in the seventh solvent, adding a base or a catalyst, and deprotection or hydrolysis reaction to obtain cholesterol.
- the present invention also provides twenty kinds of compounds, the structure of the compound is as formula (6-2E), (6-3E), (6-4E), (6-5E), (6-6E), (6- 2Z), (6-3Z), (6-4Z), (6-5Z), (6-6Z), (6'-2E), (6'-3E), (6'-4E), (6 '-5E), (6'-6E), (6'-2Z), (6'-3Z), (6'-4Z), (6'-5Z), (6'-6Z):
- the beneficial effects of the present invention include: in the preparation method of high-purity cholesterol of the present invention, the commercial raw material BA used is plant-derived raw material, which avoids the risk of pathogenic bacteria and virus infection that may exist in animal-derived raw materials, and is cheap and easy to obtain; and the obtained Cholesterol has high purity (>99%), simple synthesis steps, high yield, less side reactions, and is environmentally friendly, which is convenient for industrialized production of high-purity cholesterol; solves the problem of poor safety, low purity, and high synthesis cost of existing cholesterol products and unfriendly environment.
- Fig. 1 is a gas chromatogram of the crude compound of formula (7-1) obtained in Example 6 of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is the gas chromatogram of the refined compound of formula (7-1) obtained in Example 6 of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is the gas chromatogram of the refined compound of formula (7-2) obtained in Example 6 of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is the gas chromatogram of the refined compound of formula (7-3) obtained in Example 6 of the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a gas chromatogram of the refined compound of formula (7-4) obtained in Example 6 of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a gas chromatogram of the refined compound of formula (7-5) obtained in Example 6 of the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a gas chromatogram of the refined compound of formula (7-6) obtained in Example 6 of the present invention.
- Fig. 9 is a gas chromatogram of cholesterol obtained by hydrolysis of the compound of formula (7-1).
- Fig. 10 is a gas chromatogram of cholesterol obtained by hydrolysis of the compound of formula (7-2).
- Fig. 11 is a gas chromatogram of cholesterol obtained by hydrolysis of the compound of formula (7-3).
- Fig. 12 is a gas chromatogram of cholesterol obtained by hydrolysis of the compound of formula (7-4).
- Fig. 13 is a gas chromatogram of cholesterol obtained by hydrolysis of the compound of formula (7-5).
- Fig. 14 is the gas chromatogram of cholesterol obtained by the deprotection reaction of the compound of formula (7-6).
- Figure 15 10% Pd/C catalytic hydrogenation of the compound of formula (6-1), the gas chromatogram of the crude product of the compound of formula (7-1) obtained.
- the structure of the compound is determined by nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution mass spectrometer; reagents are mainly provided by Shanghai Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Company; product purification is mainly through beating and column chromatography; silica gel (200-300) is produced by Qingdao Ocean Chemical Factory .
- a kind of method that the present invention proposes takes plant source 21-hydroxyl-20-methylpregn-4-en-3-one BA as raw material to synthesize cholesterol, and its reaction process is as shown in the aforementioned route (A), and needs to be explained Yes, the present invention also includes the generation of other by-products in the method of synthesizing cholesterol from plant source 21-hydroxyl-20-methylpregn-4-en-3-one BA as raw material, the specific reaction route is as (A') Shown:
- R is selected from ester group, silicon ether group
- Embodiment 1 The preparation of formula (2) compound
- the present embodiment has provided the preparation result of formula (2) compound under different experimental conditions:
- the present embodiment has provided the preparation result of formula (3) compound under different experimental conditions:
- the ratio of the E/Z configuration of the intermediate compound of formula (4), compound of formula (5) and compound of formula (6) obtained through acetylation and reduction of the compound of formula (3) remains basically unchanged, and C
- C The double bond between -22 and C-23 is dominated by E configuration, supplemented by Z configuration (3E/3Z ⁇ 87/13). Since the cis-trans isomers of the double bond between the C-22 and C-23 positions in the compound of formula (6) can obtain the product cholesterol after Raney nickel hydrogenation reduction, deprotection or hydrolysis, therefore, the following examples
- the ratio of the E/Z configuration of the corresponding compound is no longer marked in .
- the present embodiment has provided the preparation result of formula (4) compound under different experimental conditions:
- Embodiment 4 The preparation of formula (5) compound crude product
- the present embodiment provides the preparation result of the crude product of the formula (5) compound under different experimental conditions:
- the main components of the crude product of the compound of formula (5) obtained with sodium borohydride as the reducing agent are compound (5) (5E and 5Z, 3 ⁇ -OH) and (5′) (5′E and 5′Z, 3 ⁇ -OH ), according to 1 HNMR, the ratio is compound (5)/(5′) ⁇ 92/8.
- the ratio of 5(3 ⁇ -OH)/5′(3 ⁇ -OH) in the crude compound of formula (5) obtained in the following examples is basically the same as that in this example, and will not be noted later.
- the main components of the crude compound of formula (5) obtained by reduction of potassium borohydride are compound (5) (5E and 5Z, 3 ⁇ -OH) and (5′) (5′E and 5′Z, 3 ⁇ -OH), Among them, the content of compound 5'(3 ⁇ -OH) is relatively high, and according to 1 H NMR, the compound 5(3 ⁇ -OH)/5'(3 ⁇ -OH) ⁇ 85/15.
- Embodiment 5 The preparation of formula (6) compound crude product
- the main components of the crude compound of formula (6-1) are compound (6-1) (6-1E and 6-1Z) and (6'-1) (6'-1E and 6'-1Z), and the ratio is Compound (6-1)/(6'-1) ⁇ 92/8.
- the main components of the crude compound of formula (6-2) are compound (6-2) (6-2E and 6-2Z) and (6'-2) (6'-2E and 6'-2Z), and the ratio is Compound (6-2)/(6'-2) ⁇ 92/8.
- the main components of the crude compound of formula (6-3) are compound (6-3) (6-3E and 6-3Z) and (6'-3) (6'-3E and 6'-3Z), and the ratio is Compound (6-3)/(6'-3) ⁇ 92/8.
- the main components of the crude compound of formula (6-4) are compound (6-4) (6-4E and 6-4Z) and (6'-4) (6'-4E and 6'-4Z), and the ratio is Compound (6-4)/(6'-4) ⁇ 92/8.
- the main components of the crude compound of formula (6-5) are compound (6-5) (6-5E and 6-5Z) and (6'-5) (6'-5E and 6'-5Z), and the ratio is Compound (6-5)/(6'-5) ⁇ 92/8.
- the main components of the crude compound of formula (6-6) are compound (6-6) (6-6E and 6-6Z) and (6'-6) (6'-6E and 6'-6Z), and the ratio is Compound (6-6)/(6'-6) ⁇ 92/8.
- the white solid was added to a mixed solution of methanol and ethyl acetate, heated to reflux until dissolved, naturally cooled to 15°C, stirred for 5h, and suction filtered to obtain the compound of formula (7-1) (4.2g of white solid, molar yield of 84 %, gas chromatography purity 99.40%, see accompanying drawing 2).
- the main components of the crude compound of formula (7-1) are compounds (7-1) and (7′-1), and the ratio is compound (7-1)/(7′-1) ⁇ 92/8.
- the white solid was added to a mixed solution of methanol and ethyl acetate, heated and refluxed until dissolved, cooled naturally to 15 ° C, stirred for 4 h, and filtered with suction to obtain the compound of formula (7-2) (4.0 g of white solid, molar yield of 80 %, gas chromatography purity 98.35%, see accompanying drawing 3).
- the main components of the crude compound of formula (7-2) are compounds (7-2) and (7′-2), and the ratio is compound (7-2)/(7′-2) ⁇ 92/8.
- the white solid was added to a mixed solution of methanol and ethyl acetate, heated to reflux until dissolved, cooled naturally to 15°C, stirred for 5h, and filtered with suction to obtain the compound of formula (7-3) (4.1g of white solid, molar yield of 82 %, gas chromatography purity 99.5%, see accompanying drawing 4).
- the main components of the crude compound of formula (7-3) are compounds (7-3) and (7′-3), and the ratio is compound (7-3)/(7′-3) ⁇ 92/8.
- the main components of the crude compound of formula (7-4) are compounds (7-4) and (7′-4), and the ratio is compound (7-4)/(7′-4) ⁇ 92/8.
- the white solid was added to a mixed solution of methanol and ethyl acetate, heated to reflux until dissolved, cooled naturally to 15°C, stirred for 4h, and filtered with suction to obtain the compound of formula (7-5) (4.23g of white solid, molar yield of 82 %, gas chromatography purity 97.96%, see accompanying drawing 6).
- the main components of the crude compound of formula (7-5) are compounds (7-5) and (7′-5), and the ratio is compound (7-5)/(7′-5) ⁇ 92/8.
- the white solid was added to a mixed solution of methanol and ethyl acetate, heated to reflux until dissolved, naturally cooled to 15°C, stirred for 4h, and filtered with suction to obtain the compound of formula (7-6) (4.05g of white solid, molar yield of 81 %, gas chromatography purity 98.57%, see accompanying drawing 7).
- the main components of the crude compound of formula (7-6) are compounds (7-6) and (7′-6), and the ratio is compound (7-6)/(7′-6) ⁇ 92/8.
- Example 6 of the present invention in the gas chromatogram of the crude product of the obtained formula (7-1) compound (see accompanying drawing 1), formula (8-1), (8-2), (8-3), (8 -4) The compound corresponds to one of the retention times of 9.123min (0.11%), 9.318min (0.42%), 9.538min (0.16%), and 10.324min (0.39%).
- the crude product of the compound of formula (7-1) of the present invention is purified by recrystallization once, and the purity is increased from 91.25% to 99.40% (see accompanying drawing 2 for the gas chromatogram). At this time, the 3 ⁇ -OR by-product is basically removed, and the corresponding retention time corresponds to the impurity
- the content of the recrystallization method also decreased, respectively 9.168min (0.19%), 9.382min (0.12%), 9.576min (0.05%), 10.366min (0.17%), and the molar yield of the recrystallization operation method was 84%.
- the gas chromatographic purity of the cholesterol obtained by alkaline hydrolysis is 99.10% (see Figure 9), which is basically consistent with the purity of the compound of formula (7-1).
- the patent document CN105218610 A describes the reaction formula 1.
- the compound of the formula (02) after BA oxidation is used as a raw material, and ethanol is used as a solvent. Under the action of p-toluenesulfonic acid and triethyl orthoformate, it is heated to 40 ° C for 4 hours to obtain Compound of formula (03) (97.50% molar yield).
- the present invention uses ethanol as a solvent, and the compound of formula (02) as a substrate, under the catalysis of p-toluenesulfonic acid and triethyl orthoformate, reacts at 40° C. for 4 hours, and TLC detects that the raw material has The reaction is complete, and the compound of formula (03') (shown in Reaction Formula 2) is obtained by post-processing according to the method of the patent document (CN105218610 A), which is inconsistent with the compound described in the patent document.
- the present invention also attempts to reduce the amount of triethyl orthoformate, and TLC detects that the raw material reacts completely, but does not obtain the result of the reaction formula one described in the patent document (CN105218610 A), but obtains the reaction formula shown in the following reaction formula three result. It shows that when the 3-carbonyl group of the compound of formula (02) is protected according to the method reported in patent document CN 105218610 A, the C-22 aldehyde group will be preferentially protected to generate acetal, and the formula shown in reaction formula 2 or formula 3 will be generated.
- the 3-ester group of the compound of formula (4) is reduced by NaBH4 to obtain the compound of formula (5), and then the compound of formula (5) is subjected to hydroxyl protection, selective hydrogenation reduction, deprotection or hydrolysis to obtain cholesterol.
- Raney Ni/H 2 as the reducing agent to carry out selective hydrogenation reduction reaction on the double bond of the side chain, and then use NaBH 4 to reduce the 3-position ester group. The result of the reaction is shown in Reaction Formula 6.
- the crude compound of formula (6-1) is reduced by Raney Ni/H 2 to synthesize the crude compound of formula (7-1). As shown in the following reaction formula seven:
- the present invention uses H As reducing agent, Raney Ni carries out selective hydrogenation reduction to the double bond of side chain as catalyzer, and in the compound crude product of gained formula (7-1), content of overreduced impurity formula (8-4) compound is lower (0.39 %), it is easier to remove by purification; at the same time, when trying to use H as a reducing agent and 10% Pd/C as a catalyst to carry out selective hydrogenation reduction of the double bond of the side chain, in the crude product of the obtained formula (7-1) compound
- the compound of overreduction impurity formula (8-4) is more than 3.4% (see accompanying drawing 15), it is difficult to remove by purification, and the expected goal is not achieved. It shows that 10% Pd/C has relatively high catalytic activity and poor selectivity, and cannot replace RaneyNi as a catalyst for selective hydrogenation reduction of side chains.
- the compound of formula (4) was reduced by sodium borohydride and purified by column chromatography to obtain the compound of formula (5) (3 ⁇ -OH); the compound of formula (5) was subjected to selective hydrogenation reaction catalyzed by RaneyNi to obtain crude cholesterol; then the crude cholesterol was Purified by column chromatography or recrystallization once, the high-quality cholesterol is obtained, and the gas chromatography purity is 95-96%.
- the cholesterol obtained by the compound of formula (7) after one recrystallization purification, deprotection or hydrolysis has high purity, which can reach more than 99.0%, and the purification yield is good, which has important application value.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (19)
- 一种以植物源21-羟基-20-甲基孕甾-4-烯-3-酮BA为原料合成胆固醇的方法,其特征在于,所述方法以BA为原料,经氧化、Wittig反应、乙酰化、还原、羟基保护、选择性氢化还原、脱保护或水解步骤合成所述胆固醇,具体包括以下步骤:步骤(a)、在第一溶剂中,式(1)所示的BA经氧化反应,得到式(2)化合物;步骤(b)、在第二溶剂中,式(2)化合物经Wittig反应,得到式(3)化合物;步骤(c)、在第三溶剂中,式(3)化合物经乙酰化反应,得到式(4)化合物;步骤(d)、在第四溶剂中,式(4)化合物经还原反应,得到式(5)化合物;步骤(e)、在第五溶剂中,式(5)化合物经羟基保护反应,得到式(6)化合物;步骤(f)、在第六溶剂中,式(6)化合物经选择性氢化还原反应,得到式(7)化合物;步骤(g)、在第七溶剂中,式(7)化合物经脱保护或水解反应,得到胆固醇;其中,所述方法的反应过程如路线(A)所示:路线(A)其中,R选自酯基、硅醚基。
- 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(a)中,所述氧化反应具体为:在所述第一溶剂中,式(1)所示的BA与TEMPO、碳酸氢钠、四丁基溴化铵、氧化剂发生氧化反应,得到式(2)化合物。
- 如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述式(1)所示的BA、TEMPO、碳酸氢钠、四丁基溴化铵、氧化剂的摩尔比为1:(0~1):(0~20):(0~1):(1~5);和/或,所述氧化剂选自N-氯代琥珀酰亚胺NCS、N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺NBS、2-碘酰基苯甲酸IBX中的一种或多种;和/或,所述第一溶剂选自二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、甲苯、二甲基亚砜、水中的一种或多种;和/或,所述氧化反应的温度为0~30℃;和/或,所述氧化反应的时间为3~8h。
- 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(b)中,所述Wittig反应具体为:在所述第二溶剂中,式(2)化合物、3,3-二甲基烯丙基卤代物、三苯基膦、叔丁醇钾发生Wittig反应,得到式(3)化合物。
- 如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述式(2)化合物、3,3-二甲基烯丙基卤代物、三苯基膦、叔丁醇钾的摩尔比为1:(1~4):(1~4):(1~4);和/或,所述第二溶剂选自甲苯、苯、四氢呋喃、庚烷中的一种或多种;和/或,所述3,3-二甲基烯丙基卤代物选自3,3-二甲基烯丙基氯、3,3-二甲基烯丙基溴中的一种或两种;和/或,所述Wittig反应的温度为-10~112℃;和/或,所述Wittig反应的时间为0.5~9h。
- 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(c)中,所述乙酰化反应具体为:所述式(3)化合物、乙酰氯、乙酸酐、碱在所述第三溶剂中发生乙酰化反应,得到式(4)化合物。
- 如权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述式(3)化合物、乙酰氯、乙酸酐、碱的摩尔比为1:(0.5~62.5):(1~62.5):(0~6);和/或,所述碱选自吡啶、三乙胺、DIPEA、DMAP、二异丙基胺中的一种或多种;和/或,所述第三溶剂选自乙酸酐、乙酰氯、乙酸乙酯、二氯甲烷中的一种或多种;和/或,所述乙酰化反应的温度为40~110℃;和/或,所述乙酰化反应的时间为1~10h。
- 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(d)中,所述还原反应具体为:所述式(4)化合物、还原剂在所述第四溶剂中发生还原反应,得到式(5)化合物。
- 如权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,所述式(4)化合物、还原剂的摩尔比为1:(1~25);和/或,所述第四溶剂选自四氢呋喃、乙醇、水、二氯甲烷、2-甲基四氢呋喃、异丙醇、乙酸、甲基叔丁基醚中的一种或多种;和/或,所述还原剂选自NaBH 4、KBH 4中的一种或两种;和/或,所述还原反应的温度为0~50℃;和/或,所述还原反应的时间为6~12h。
- 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(e)中,所述羟基保护反应具体为: 所述式(5)化合物,在碱的作用下,与保护羟基的试剂在所述第五溶剂中缩合反应,得到式(6)化合物。
- 如权利要求11所述的方法,其特征在于,当R为酯基时,所述第五溶剂选自乙酸乙酯、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、DMF、甲苯、四氢呋喃、2-甲基四氢呋喃中的一种或多种;和/或,所述碱选自三乙胺、二异丙基乙基胺、咪唑、吡啶、DMAP中的一种或多种;和/或,所述式(5)化合物、保护羟基的试剂、碱的摩尔比为1:(1~4):(0.05~5);和/或,所述反应的温度为0~50℃;和/或,所述羟基保护反应的时间为2~24h;当R为硅醚基时,所述第五溶剂为DMF、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、四氯化碳中的一种或多种;和/或,所述碱选自三乙胺、二异丙基乙基胺、咪唑、吡啶、DMAP中的一种或多种;所述式(5)化合物、保护羟基的试剂、碱的摩尔比为1:(2~4):(4~8);和/或,所述反应的温度为0~50℃;和/或,所述羟基保护反应的时间为2~24h。
- 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(f)中,所述选择性氢化还原反应具体为:所述式(6)化合物,在催化剂作用下,与还原剂在所述第六溶剂中,发生选择性氢化还原反应,得到式(7)化合物。
- 如权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,所述还原剂选自H 2;和/或,所述催化剂为Raney Ni;和/或,所述式(6)化合物、催化剂的质量比为1:(0.05~5);和/或,所述第六溶剂选自2-甲基四氢呋喃、四氢呋喃、乙酸乙酯、甲苯、异丙醇中的一种或多种;和/或,所述氢化还原反应的温度为0~60℃;和/或,所述氢化还原反应的还原剂H 2压力为1-20atm;和/或,所述氢化还原反应的时间为4~48h。
- 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,当R为酯基时,步骤(g)中,所述水解反应具体为:所述式(7)化合物,在碱的作用下,在所述第七溶剂中,发生水解反应,得到胆固醇。
- 如权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,所述碱选自LiOH、KOH、NaOH、t-BuOK、K 2CO 3中的一种或多种;和/或,所述式(7)化合物、碱的摩尔比为1:(0.5~2);和/或,所述第七溶剂选自甲醇、乙醇中的一种或两种;和/或,所述水解反应的温度为10~75℃;和/或,所述水解反应的时间为0.3~12h。
- 如权利要求1所述的方法,当R为硅醚基时,其特征在于,步骤(g)中,所述脱保护反应具体为:所述式(7)化合物,在催化剂的作用下,在所述第七溶剂中,发生脱保护反应,得到胆固醇。
- 如权利要求17所述的方法,其特征在于,所述催化剂选自四丁基氟化铵TBAF、四丁基氟化铵三水合物TBAF 3H 2O、三氟化硼乙醚、乙酸、氯化氢的乙酸乙酯溶液中的一种或 多种和/或,所述式(7)化合物、催化剂的摩尔比为1:(1~6);和/或,所述第七溶剂选自四氢呋喃、水中的一种或两种;和/或,所述脱保护反应的温度为10~75℃;和/或,所述脱保护反应的时间为2~48h。
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