WO2023127762A1 - パーソナルケア製品の製造方法 - Google Patents
パーソナルケア製品の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023127762A1 WO2023127762A1 PCT/JP2022/047779 JP2022047779W WO2023127762A1 WO 2023127762 A1 WO2023127762 A1 WO 2023127762A1 JP 2022047779 W JP2022047779 W JP 2022047779W WO 2023127762 A1 WO2023127762 A1 WO 2023127762A1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q1/00—Make-up preparations; Body powders; Preparations for removing make-up
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q1/00—Make-up preparations; Body powders; Preparations for removing make-up
- A61Q1/02—Preparations containing skin colorants, e.g. pigments
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61Q1/00—Make-up preparations; Body powders; Preparations for removing make-up
- A61Q1/02—Preparations containing skin colorants, e.g. pigments
- A61Q1/04—Preparations containing skin colorants, e.g. pigments for lips
- A61Q1/06—Lipsticks
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
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- A61Q1/02—Preparations containing skin colorants, e.g. pigments
- A61Q1/10—Preparations containing skin colorants, e.g. pigments for eyes, e.g. eyeliner, mascara
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C5/00—Candles
- C11C5/002—Ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C5/00—Candles
- C11C5/008—Candles characterised by their form; Composite candles, e.g. candles containing zones of different composition, inclusions, or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
- A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
- A45D40/00—Casings or accessories specially adapted for storing or handling solid or pasty toiletry or cosmetic substances, e.g. shaving soaps or lipsticks
- A45D2040/0012—Casings or accessories specially adapted for storing or handling solid or pasty toiletry or cosmetic substances, e.g. shaving soaps or lipsticks with special decorative arrangements or form
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
- A61K2800/805—Corresponding aspects not provided for by any of codes A61K2800/81 - A61K2800/95
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
- A61K2800/87—Application Devices; Containers; Packaging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/02—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C39/021—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles by casting in several steps
- B29C39/025—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles by casting in several steps for making multilayered articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C39/24—Feeding the material into the mould
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing personal care products.
- Personal care products such as soaps and solid cosmetics such as eye shadows and foundations are generally produced by filling a container having a predetermined shape with a fluid containing cosmetic slurry and solidifying the fluid. is discharged onto a base material or a preformed separate solid cosmetic.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a casting method for manufacturing cosmetics.
- an oil-containing composition is fluidized by heating, the fluidized composition is injected from a nozzle onto a support, and then the injected composition is cooled to form a solid. to obtain a composition of
- Patent Document 2 discloses a patterned solid cosmetic.
- the technique described in the document forms a three-dimensional pattern by laminating at least part of a second lamination cosmetic on a first lamination cosmetic along a predetermined direction. be.
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing personal care products applicable to the human body.
- the manufacturing method comprises supplying a fluid composition from a nozzle to an object and moving the nozzle relative to the object to obtain a deposit derived from the composition. on the object.
- the nozzle preferably has a nozzle diameter of 0.01 mm or more and 2 mm or less.
- the composition in the forming step, may be supplied with a ratio of the distance between the tip of the nozzle and the object to the diameter of the nozzle (distance/nozzle diameter) of 0.35 or more and less than 3. preferable.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing one embodiment of a manufacturing apparatus used in the manufacturing method of the present invention.
- 2(a) to 2(c) are cross-sectional views schematically showing examples of nozzles according to the manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 3(a) to 3(c) are cross-sectional views schematically showing an embodiment of a step of forming a deposited body in the manufacturing method of the present invention.
- 4A and 4B are cross-sectional views schematically showing another embodiment of the step of forming a deposited body in the manufacturing method of the present invention.
- 5(a) and 5(b) are cross-sectional views schematically showing still another embodiment of the step of forming a deposited body in the manufacturing method of the present invention.
- FIG. 6(a) to 6(c) are perspective views schematically showing still another embodiment of the step of forming a deposited body in the manufacturing method of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view photograph of a personal care product on which a deposit, which is evaluated as A, is formed in the drawing property evaluation of the examples.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view photograph of a personal care product on which a deposit, which is evaluated as B in the evaluation of drawing performance in Examples, is formed.
- 9(a) and 9(b) are photographs of a personal care product in which a deposit, which is evaluated as C in the evaluation of drawing performance in Examples, is formed.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view photograph of a personal care product on which a deposit having an evaluation of D was formed in the drawing performance evaluation of Examples.
- FIGS. 12(a) and 12(b) are plan view photographs of a personal care product on which a deposit having an evaluation of F is formed in the drawing property evaluation of the example.
- Patent Document 1 a composition fluidized by heating is injected and then cooled and solidified. As a result, the fluid composition flows out of the injected region during the period from immediately after injection until it solidifies, and the predetermined shape of the modeled object cannot be maintained. In other words, with the method described in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to shape and decorate a personal care product having a desired shape and dimensions and having high precision in shape and dimensions. In addition, in the technique described in Patent Document 2, no consideration is given to improving the accuracy of shape and size with respect to shaping and decoration of personal care products.
- the present invention relates to a manufacturing method that enables efficient modeling and decoration of personal care products that have desired shapes and dimensions and have high precision in terms of shapes and dimensions.
- Personal care products manufactured by this manufacturing method can be directly applied to the skin, or a liquid dissolved or dispersed in a liquid medium such as water can be applied, sprayed or dropped onto the skin. , is applicable to the human body. Personal care products may also apply scents to the human body, for example, aroma candles or the like that provide a relaxing effect to the human body through scents. Personal care products are solid at 1 atmosphere and 20°C. Examples of such personal care products include, but are not limited to, cosmetics such as make-up cosmetics, soaps, bath additives, and the like. Makeup cosmetics include eye shadow, foundation, and lipstick. Lipsticks typically contain oils and pigments. Personal care products typically include cosmetic powders.
- a fluid composition is supplied onto an object, and then, if necessary, the composition is solidified to shape a deposit derived from the composition on the object, and the object It can be suitably applied when decorating an object.
- the composition contains, for example, cosmetics
- the resulting deposit can be used as a solid cosmetic.
- the fluid composition is preferably liquid itself or contains liquid. That is, the compositions used in the present invention exclude solid-only or gas-only forms.
- Such compositions include, for example, a dispersion liquid (so-called slurry), which is a mixture containing powder such as cosmetics and a liquid dispersion medium, and various compounds such as cosmetics dissolved in a liquid solvent. or a melted solution obtained by heating and melting a cosmetic or an oil alone or a composition containing a cosmetic. The details of the composition and its constituent materials will be described later.
- the object to which the composition is supplied is not particularly limited, and examples include paper, film, nonwoven fabric, metal, resin, or already manufactured personal care products having the same or different composition as the composition. etc.
- the manufacturing apparatus 10 that is preferably used in the manufacturing method of the present invention typically deposits a fluid composition L onto an object to which the composition is supplied (hereinafter simply referred to as an object) 70.
- a supply unit 20 for supplying, and a nozzle 21 integrally arranged so as to communicate with the supply unit 20 are provided.
- the manufacturing apparatus 10 used in the present invention typically has a flat plate-like object placement section 90 disposed below the nozzle 21 and facing the nozzle 21 .
- An object 70 can be placed or fixed. An example of an embodiment with these structures is shown in FIGS. 1 and 3(a)-(c).
- the manufacturing apparatus 10 used in the present invention preferably includes a position adjustment section 50 that supports or holds the supply section 20 and the object placement section 90 at predetermined positions.
- the position adjusting section 50 preferably has a position adjusting mechanism that relatively moves the position of the nozzle 21 and the position of the object placement section 90 in any direction. As a result, at least one of the nozzle 21 and the object placement section 90 is moved in a planar direction, a vertical direction, or a combination thereof, so that at least one of the nozzle 21 and the object 70 on the object placement section 90 is shifted to the other. It is configured so that it can be moved relative to it.
- the position adjustment mechanism may be manual or automatically controlled in response to electrical signals emitted from sensors or the like.
- the supply unit 20 is a member that feeds the fluid composition L to the object 70 side. It is preferable that the supply unit 20 includes a liquid feeding unit 25 and a composition storage unit 26 . It is preferable that the liquid feeding section 25 is connected to the composition containing section 26 through a channel 28 so as to communicate therewith. As a result, the composition L supplied from the composition containing portion 26 to the inside of the liquid feeding portion 25 can be continuously or discontinuously supplied to the nozzle 21 side, or the supply can be stopped. As such a liquid feeding unit 25, a jet dispenser capable of discharging the composition L in the form of droplets, or a mono dispenser or a screw dispenser capable of continuously discharging the composition L can be used.
- composition containing portion 26 is connected to a pressurizing means such as air or a pump, and the composition L contained in the composition containing portion 26 is transferred to the liquid feeding portion 25 through the flow path 28 . It is preferably constructed so that it can be pumped to the side.
- the nozzle 21 is typically a tubular member that supplies the composition L from the supply section 20 toward the object 70 .
- the nozzle 21 has a flow path for the composition L, which is a space formed inside the nozzle 21, along the flow direction R of the composition L. As shown in FIG.
- One end of the nozzle 21 constitutes a supply port for the composition L, and the other end of the nozzle 21 is connected to the supply section 20 described above.
- the material for forming the nozzle is not particularly limited, and for example, metal, plastic, or the like can be used.
- the nozzle diameter D1 (see FIGS. 2 and 3A) of the nozzle 21 is preferably expressed as the length of the internal space from the viewpoint of suppressing nozzle clogging, stabilizing continuous ejection, and preventing pressure loss. It is 0.01 mm or more, more preferably 0.1 mm or more, and still more preferably 0.2 mm or more. Further, the nozzle diameter D1 is preferably 2 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.6 mm or less from the viewpoints of realizing fine application and suppressing dripping.
- the nozzle diameter D1 is synonymous with the inner diameter when the nozzle 21 is circular, that is, the length of the cross section of the nozzle 21 (see FIG. 2A).
- the diameter D1 of an inscribed circle C (see FIGS. 2(b) and 2(c)) that inscribes the inner surface of the nozzle 21 in a cross section orthogonal to the flow direction R of the nozzle 21 is taken as the nozzle diameter.
- FIG. 2(b) shows an example in which the nozzle 21 has a rectangular shape
- FIG. 2(c) shows an example in which the nozzle 21 has an elliptical shape.
- the nozzle 21 preferably has a cross-sectional area of the cross section perpendicular to the flow direction R of the nozzle 21 of the composition L, from the viewpoint of suppressing nozzle clogging, stabilizing continuous discharge, and reducing pressure loss, preferably 0.00008 mm 2 or more. It is more preferably 0.008 mm 2 or more, still more preferably 0.03 mm 2 or more. Further, the cross-sectional area of the nozzle 21 described above is preferably 3.2 mm 2 or less, more preferably 1 mm 2 or less, and even more preferably 0.4 mm 2 or less, from the viewpoint of realizing fine application and suppressing dripping.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention moves the nozzle 21 relatively to the object 70 while supplying the composition L having fluidity from the nozzle 21 to the object 70, and the composition is derived from the composition. It is preferable to have a forming step of forming the deposit on the object.
- Components similar to those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted. The description of the above-described embodiment is appropriately applied to components that are not particularly described.
- the composition L may be supplied discontinuously to the object 70 in the form of droplets, or linearly, curvedly, or in a combination thereof. It may be supplied continuously in a shape.
- a cosmetic slurry containing a solid cosmetic powder and a liquid medium is used as the composition L, and the slurry is continuously supplied linearly to form a linear deposit. A case will be described as an example.
- the object 70 is placed on the object placement unit 90 prior to performing the formation process.
- the nozzle 21 and the object 70 are moved relative to each other so that the nozzle 21 faces the object 70 at a predetermined position.
- the position of this nozzle 21 is the starting position for supplying the composition L to the object 70 .
- Relative movement between the nozzle 21 and the object 70 can be performed by a position adjustment mechanism in the position adjustment section 50 . An example of this is shown in FIG.
- the nozzle 21 and the object 70 are moved relative to the other so that the composition derived from the composition is deposited on the object 70 .
- a certain deposited body S is shaped (formation step).
- the supply of the composition L from the nozzle 21 is continued.
- the direction of relative movement of the nozzle 21 can be a planar direction, a vertical direction, or a combination of these directions, depending on the desired plan view shape or three-dimensional shape of the deposited body S, or the design to be rendered. .
- the design in this specification includes, for example, Japanese characters such as hiragana and katakana, alphabets, Arabic numerals, Roman numerals, various characters such as foreign characters, straight lines and curves, and figures and geometric shapes consisting of combinations thereof, means the shape of a symbol, color, pattern or combination thereof; These designs are expressed by being colored with the same or different color as the original base color of the object 70 on which the designs are arranged. An example of this is shown in FIG.
- the composition L used in the forming step should have at least fluidity when supplied to the object 70 .
- the composition L which is solid at 1 atm and 30° C.
- the composition L melts, and the composition L You may use what made fluidity
- the composition L having fluidity such as being liquid at 1 atmosphere and 30° C. may be used in an unheated state.
- the viscosity of the composition L at the temperature during supply from the nozzle 21 is preferably 0.5. It is 1 Pa ⁇ s or more, preferably 1000 Pa ⁇ s or less. Details of the preferred viscosity of composition L will be described later.
- the temperature of the composition L supplied from the nozzle 21 toward the object 70 is preferably 30° C. or lower, preferably 0° C. or higher. .
- the composition L is maintained in a state where the ratio of the nozzle diameter D1 and the distance H1 between the tip of the nozzle 21 and the object 70 (distance H1/nozzle diameter D1) has a predetermined relationship. is preferably applied onto the object 70 .
- the ratio (H1/D1) of the distance H1 to the nozzle diameter D1 in the forming process is preferably 0.35 from the viewpoint of preventing the ejected deposit from being crushed by the nozzle and realizing a fine line width. Above, more preferably 0.5 or more, still more preferably 0.55 or more, and still more preferably 0.7 or more.
- the ratio (H1/D1) of the distance H1 to the nozzle diameter D1 in the formation step is preferably less than 3, more It is preferably 2.5 or less, more preferably 2 or less.
- the above H1/D1 may be maintained constant from the start to the end of the formation process, or may vary within the above range.
- the nozzle diameter D1 in the forming process can be set within the range described above.
- the distance H1 between the tip of the nozzle 21 and the object 70 in the forming step is preferably 0.15 mm or more, more preferably 0.2 mm or more, and even more preferably 0, from the viewpoint of suppressing contact between the nozzle and the object. .25 mm or more.
- the distance H1 described above is preferably 5 mm or less, more preferably 2.5 mm or less, and even more preferably 2 mm or less, from the viewpoint of improving the followability of the ejected deposit with respect to the relative movement between the nozzle and the object. is.
- the distance H1 can be appropriately adjusted, for example, by the position adjusting section 50 described above.
- the ratio between the supply speed V1 of the composition L supplied from the nozzle 21 toward the target object 70 and the relative movement speed V2 of the nozzle 21 with respect to the target object 70 in the plane direction is set within a predetermined range. It is also preferable to supply the composition L onto the object 70 while maintaining the Specifically, the ratio (V2/V1) of the relative movement speed V2 to the supply speed V1 of the composition L in the formation step is not particularly limited in terms of the fact that deposits with a plurality of line widths can be produced with the same nozzle.
- the ratio (V2/V1) of the relative movement speed V2 to the supply speed V1 of the composition L in the forming step is preferably 2 or less, more It is preferably 1.7 or less, more preferably 1.5 or less.
- the above V2/V1 may be maintained constant from the start to the end of the formation process, or may vary within the above range.
- the supply speed V1 of the composition L in the forming step is preferably 1 mm/s or higher, more preferably 3 mm/s or higher, and even more preferably 5 mm/s or higher, from the viewpoint of improving productivity.
- the supply speed V1 of the composition L in the forming step is not particularly limited as long as it can be supplied, but from a practical viewpoint, it is preferably 5000 mm / s or less, more preferably 500 mm / s or less, and still more preferably 200 mm / s. s or less.
- the supply speed V1 is determined by appropriately adjusting the number of rotations of the rotor when, for example, the above-described dispenser is used as the liquid feeding unit 25 in the supply unit 20, or by adjusting the shape and inner diameter of the nozzle 21, the viscosity of the composition L, and the like. It can be changed as appropriate by adjusting.
- the relative movement speed V2 of the nozzle 21 with respect to the object 70 in the plane direction is preferably 1 mm/s or more, more preferably 3 mm/s or more, and still more preferably 5 mm/s or more from the viewpoint of improving production capacity.
- the relative movement speed V2 in the plane direction is not particularly limited as long as the operation is possible, but from a practical point of view, it is preferably 9000 mm/s or less, more preferably 1000 mm/s or less, and still more preferably 250 mm/s or less. do.
- the relative movement speed V2 can be changed as appropriate by changing the driving speed of the position adjusting section 50 described above, for example.
- the relative movement speed V2 in this specification is expressed as an absolute value.
- the supply amount M1 of the composition L in the forming step is preferably 0.05 mm 3 /s or more, more preferably 0.1 mm 3 /s or more, and still more preferably 0.4 mm 3 /s from the viewpoint of improving production capacity. That's it.
- the supply amount M1 of the composition L in the forming step is not particularly limited as long as the operation is possible. is 150 mm 3 /s or less, more preferably 50 mm 3 /s or less, still more preferably 15 mm 3 /s or less.
- the supply amount M1 is determined by appropriately adjusting the number of rotations of the rotor when, for example, the dispenser described above is used as the liquid feeding unit 25 in the supply unit 20, or by adjusting the shape and inner diameter of the nozzle 21, the viscosity of the composition L, and the like. It can be changed as appropriate by adjusting.
- the deposited body S having a predetermined shape is formed on the object 70 .
- the deposited body S formed using the cosmetic slurry can be a three-dimensional object composed of linear bodies containing the cosmetic derived from the composition.
- the nozzle 21 may be relatively moved on the same plane with respect to the object 70, or may be relatively spaced apart. An example of this is shown in FIG.
- the deposited body S shaped in this way may be used as it is as a target personal care product, or it may be further subjected to another process and used as a target personal care product.
- the desired design can be drawn with high accuracy and high definition by the formulation of the composition itself without the need for a mold, etc., so that the accuracy of shape and size can be improved.
- Favorable modeling and decoration can be performed simply and efficiently.
- a deposited body having the following line width is also called a linear body.
- the line width W1 in plan view of the deposited body S (linear body) manufactured by the above-described method is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of forming a three-dimensional and high-definition design, it is preferably 0.05 mm or more, It is more preferably 0.1 mm or more, still more preferably 0.15 mm or more.
- the line width W1 of the deposited body S (linear body) in plan view is preferably 1 mm or less, more preferably 0.7 mm or less, and still more preferably 0.5 mm or less from the viewpoint of forming a high-definition design. and more preferably 0.4 mm or less.
- the line width W1 of the deposited body S in a plan view can be set, for example, by setting the distance H1 between the tip of the nozzle 21 and the object 70 in the range described above, or by changing the shape and inner diameter of the nozzle 21, the composition and viscosity of the composition L, and the like. It can be changed as appropriate by adjusting.
- the thickness (the length along the direction perpendicular to the surface of the object 70) T1 of the deposited body S (linear body) manufactured by the above-described method is preferably 0.005 mm from the viewpoint of forming a three-dimensional design. 05 mm or more, more preferably 0.1 mm or more, and still more preferably 0.15 mm or more.
- the thickness T1 of the deposit S (linear body) is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of suppressing the collapse of the deposit when one layer of the deposit is formed, it is preferably 1 mm or less, more preferably 0.1 mm or less. 5 mm or less, more preferably 0.3 mm or less.
- the thickness T1 indicates the thickness of one layer when the deposited body (linear body) is only one layer, and the thickness of each layer when the deposited body (linear body) is laminated in multiple layers. Indicates the thickness in units.
- the distance H1 between the tip of the nozzle 21 and the object 70 is within the range described above, or the shape and inner diameter of the nozzle 21, the composition and viscosity of the composition L, etc. are adjusted. can be changed as appropriate.
- the solidification step includes, for example, a liquid removal method under non-heated conditions such as natural drying and reduced pressure removal, a liquid removal method under heating conditions such as hot air drying, and a solidification method such as cooling to form a slurry-derived liquid.
- a solidified deposited body S may be obtained by removing or solidifying from the object L.
- the thickness T1 of the formed deposited body S preferably satisfies the range described above. In order to set the thickness T1 within the range described above, for example, the powder content in the cosmetic slurry may be adjusted.
- the deposits (linear bodies) derived from the above-described composition preferably contain 70% by mass or more of powder as a solid content, from the viewpoint of producing personal care products containing powder as a main component, such as powder cosmetics. , more preferably 80% by mass or more, and still more preferably 85% by mass or more.
- the composition-derived deposited body (linear body) preferably contains 99% by mass or less of powder as a solid content.
- the composition L contains powder within the solid content range described above, or the object 70 is formed using the composition L containing a liquid medium and powder. It can be achieved by, for example, removing the liquid medium by performing a solidification step after supplying to the top.
- the above-described forming process may be performed only once, depending on the design to be given to the intended personal care product.
- the above-described formation process may be performed multiple times to form a plurality of deposits S on the same plane, or may be stacked in a three-dimensional shape. That is, after the first formation step is performed to form the first deposit, the formation step including the second formation step is performed one or more times to form the deposits other than the first deposit. One or more may be formed.
- the other deposits may be formed independently on the object 70, may be formed so as to be stacked on the first deposit S1, or may be formed so as to be a combination thereof. good too.
- a first formation step is performed to form the first deposit S1 on the object 70 .
- the nozzle 21 is relatively moved on the same plane with respect to the object 70 (moving step).
- the position of the nozzle 21 is rearranged to the position where the composition L is supplied to the object 70 .
- FIG. 4(a) An example of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 4(a).
- the supply of the composition L from the nozzle 21 is restarted and the second forming step is further performed to form a second deposition body S other than the first deposition body S1 on the first deposition body S1. 2 deposits S2 are formed.
- FIG. 4(b) An example of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 4(b).
- a first formation step is performed to form the first deposit S1 on the target object 70 .
- a moving step is performed.
- An example of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 5(a).
- the supply of the composition L from the nozzle 21 is resumed and the second forming step is further performed to form a second deposit on the object 70 as a deposit S other than the first deposit S1.
- Form body S2 An example of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 5(b).
- the forming step and the moving step are repeated in this order, and the deposits other than the already formed deposits S are formed on at least one of the object 70 and the first deposits S1.
- One or more other deposits can be formed.
- the composition L used to form each deposit S may have the same composition or different compositions.
- a solidification step may be performed as necessary. The solidification step may be performed a plurality of times each time the deposited body S is formed, or may be performed after all the target deposited bodies S are formed.
- the forming process may be performed multiple times to manufacture a personal care product having a three-dimensional structure with a predetermined design.
- the non-deposition area An is an area where the surface of the object 70 is exposed.
- the first deposited body S1 may be formed as a three-dimensional shaped body that is a linear body containing cosmetics. It is preferable that the three-dimensional object is formed with a laminated structure in which a plurality of linear objects are laminated. It is preferable that the non-deposition area An is divided by the deposition area Af in plan view, and formed in an area surrounded by the deposition area Af in plan view and an area outside the deposition area Af in plan view. .
- the second deposited body S2 is formed in the entire non-deposited region An surrounded by the deposited region Af in plan view.
- a third forming step may be further performed.
- the third deposited body S3 is formed by stacking it on one or both of the first deposited body S1 and the second deposited body S2.
- the composition L supplied in the third forming step can be the same as or different from the composition L supplied in each step of the first forming step and the second forming step.
- the third deposit S3 may be formed on at least part of the first deposit S1 and may be formed on at least part of the second deposit S2.
- a third deposit S3 may be continuously formed over the first deposit S1 and the second deposit S2. This forms a three-dimensional structure with multiple layers. An example of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 6(c). It is preferable that this three-dimensional structure is such that each layer has a different visually recognized design.
- each composition L used to form each deposit S1, S2, S3 may be the same or different in composition.
- each composition L preferably contains at least cosmetics.
- the first deposit S1 is colored (including transparent and opaque) or transparent (including colored and colorless) from the viewpoint of making the design of the three-dimensional structure visible and making it easier for consumers to recall aesthetics. preferable.
- the second deposit S2 is preferably colored (including transparent and opaque) or transparent (including colored and colorless), and has a different color or transparency from the first deposit S1. is also preferred.
- the third deposit S3 may be colored (including transparent and opaque) or transparent (including colored and colorless) depending on the intended product. Thereby, the three-dimensional structure formed by each deposited body has a visible predetermined design. In order to form deposits with different visible colors, it is possible to easily obtain by appropriately adjusting the presence or absence of pigments in the composition L and the type thereof.
- the case where the cosmetic slurry is used as the composition L is described as an example, but this manufacturing method is also applicable when a fluid composition other than the slurry is used.
- a fluid composition other than the slurry is used.
- the composition L on the object 70 is decompressed by a known method such as decompression.
- the solvent is removed from the solution, and the cosmetic material in the composition L is precipitated and solidified to form a deposit S.
- a heated melt or emulsified liquid containing cosmetics is used as the composition L
- the composition L on the object 70 is cooled. to solidify the melt.
- Cooling is intended to lower the temperature of the filling material after being filled into the container below the temperature of the fluid to be discharged, and includes refrigeration and freezing in addition to the mode of lowering the temperature of the heated object to room temperature or the like. do.
- the first composition L a slurry containing a liquid and a solid cosmetic powder is used as the first composition L, and the first deposit S1 is formed into a linear shape.
- the second composition L may be a heated melt or emulsion containing cosmetics and oils to form the second deposit S2 and the third deposit S3.
- a personal care product comprising a deposit can be obtained by the above manufacturing method.
- the target object 70 is a personal care product
- the deposit is directly formed on the personal care product, and the design of the deposit becomes visible, making the personal care product highly aesthetically pleasing.
- the formed deposited body is three-dimensional and has high definition, the visually recognizable design also has good design.
- a separately shaped deposit can be laminated on a personal care product to decorate it, or a packaging process can be carried out to store it in a packaging bag, packaging box, or the like, so that it can be distributed to the market.
- the personal care product including the deposit there is a form including a three-dimensional shaped body composed of linear bodies containing cosmetics as the deposit.
- This three-dimensional object can be formed, for example, as a layered structure in which a plurality of linear bodies as deposited bodies are layered.
- the thickness and line width of the linear body can be in the same range as the thickness T1 and line width W1 described above, respectively.
- the above-described linear body is a deposited body, it preferably contains powder as a solid content in the content as described above.
- a second deposit S2 as a composition containing a cosmetic is further arranged in the entire region surrounded by the three-dimensional shaped body composed of linear bodies formed as the first deposit S1. It may be molded in a state where it is held.
- the composition forming the second deposited body S2 has the same or different composition as that of the linear body.
- the personal care product may have multiple layers and be configured such that each layer has a different visible design.
- the first deposit S1 which is a linear body, may be colored, and the second deposit S2 present in the area surrounded by the linear body may be transparent. This forms a visible predetermined design.
- the first deposit S1 may be transparent and the second deposit S2 may be colored.
- the composition L used in the present invention improves the uniform dispersibility of the materials contained in the composition, stabilizes the quality, and suppresses the collapse of the deposit ejected from the nozzle to stabilize the shape.
- its viscosity is preferably 0.1 Pa ⁇ s or more, more preferably 0.5 Pa ⁇ s or more, still more preferably 1 Pa ⁇ s or more.
- the viscosity is preferably 1000 Pa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 500 Pa ⁇ s or less, and even more preferably 200 Pa ⁇ s or less, from the viewpoint of improving dischargeability and moldability.
- the viscosity of the composition described above is measured after setting the temperature of the composition to the same temperature as the composition when it is supplied from the nozzle 21, that is, the temperature when it is discharged.
- the composition is a slurry other than a heated melt, and when supplied from a nozzle at room temperature (25 ° C.), at 25 ° C., a B-type viscometer (manufactured by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd., digital viscosity It is the value measured using a total TVB-10R).
- the measurement conditions are as follows. M1, M2, M3, M4, H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6, H7, TA, TB, TC, TD and TE, and the number of revolutions is 3 100 rpm and a measurement time of 60 seconds.
- the temperature of the composition is set to the same temperature as the composition supplied from the nozzle 21, and the viscosity is measured under the above-described measurement conditions.
- the composition L used in the present invention preferably contains one or more selected from solids such as powders and oils.
- Such solids preferably include, for example, powders used in ordinary cosmetic ingredients such as coloring pigments and extender pigments.
- coloring pigments and extender pigments include inorganic powders, organic powders, composite powders of inorganic powders and organic powders, and the like.
- Inorganic powders include silicic acid, silicic anhydride, magnesium silicate, talc, sericite, mica, kaolin, red iron oxide, clay, bentonite, mica, titanium-coated mica, bismuth oxychloride, zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, and titanium oxide.
- zinc oxide aluminum oxide, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, iron oxide, ultramarine blue, chromium oxide, chromium hydroxide, calamine, carbon black, and boron nitride.
- Organic powders include polyamide, nylon, polyester, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, vinyl resin, urea resin, phenol resin, fluororesin, silicon resin, acrylic resin, melamine resin, epoxy resin, polycarbonate resin, divinylbenzene/styrene co- Polymers, silk powder, cellulose, long-chain alkyl phosphate metal salts, N-mono long-chain alkyl acyl basic amino acids, complexes thereof, and the like.
- These extender and color pigments may be colored or non-colored (e.g., white or essentially transparent) and may impart color, light diffraction, oil absorption, translucency, or translucency to the composition or skin. It may provide one or more effects of opacity, gloss, matte appearance, smooth feel, and the like.
- the content of the powder in the composition varies depending on its purpose, but from the viewpoint of productivity such as drying, it is preferably 20% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass or more, and still more preferably 40% by mass or more. be.
- the powder content in the composition is preferably 85% by mass or less, more preferably 80% by mass or less, and even more preferably 70% by mass or less, from the viewpoint of productivity such as fluidity during supply. Within such a range, it is possible to easily produce a personal care product having a high-definition three-dimensional shape, and it is possible to enhance the good usability of the product.
- the average particle diameter of the powder in the composition is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, from the viewpoint of adjusting optical properties such as coloring power, lightness, and chroma.
- the average particle diameter of the powder in the composition is preferably 300 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 150 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 100 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of suppressing nozzle clogging and enabling continuous and stable ejection.
- the average particle size is the volume cumulative particle size D50 at a cumulative volume of 50% measured by a laser diffraction/scattering particle size distribution analyzer.
- the product When measuring the average particle size of the powder from the final product, the product is first dissolved in water or oil, the binder component is dissolved, and the particles are dispersed in the solvent. After that, the particle size distribution as a solid is measured using a particle size distribution meter, and the volume cumulative particle size D50 obtained as a result is taken as the average particle size.
- the average particle diameter of the powder in the composition is preferably smaller than the nozzle diameter D1 from the viewpoint of stable supply from the nozzle.
- the average particle diameter of the powder in the composition narrows the line width W1 in plan view of the deposited body S (linear body) produced by the above method, and stably forms a three-dimensional and high-definition design.
- the ratio of the nozzle diameter D1 is preferably 1 or less, more preferably 0.5 or less, even more preferably 0.35 or less, and even more preferably 0.3 or less. is.
- Oils that can be contained in the fluid include oils that are liquid at 1 atmosphere and 20°C (hereinafter also referred to as liquid oils) and oils that are solid at 1 atmosphere and 20°C (hereinafter also referred to as solid oils). ), or two or more selected from
- Liquid oils include, for example, linear or branched hydrocarbon oils, vegetable oils, animal oils, ester oils, silicone oils, and polymeric alcohols.
- Straight chain or branched hydrocarbon oils include liquid paraffin, squalane and the like.
- vegetable oils include jojoba oil and olive oil.
- Animal oils include liquid lanolin and the like.
- Ester oils include monoalcohol fatty acid esters, polyhydric alcohol fatty acid esters, and the like.
- silicone oils include dimethylpolysiloxane, dimethylcyclopolysiloxane, methylphenylpolysiloxane, methylhydrogenpolysiloxane, higher alcohol-modified organopolysiloxane, and the like. Polyethylene glycol etc. are mentioned as a polymeric alcohol.
- Solid oils include, for example, vaseline, cetanol, stearyl alcohol, ceramide, and the like.
- the content of the oil agent in the composition varies depending on its purpose, but the total amount is preferably 0.5% by mass or more, more preferably 1% by mass or more, and still more preferably 1.5% by mass or more. be.
- the content of the oil agent in the composition is preferably 30% by mass or less, more preferably 20% by mass or less, and even more preferably 15% by mass or less. Within such a range, it is possible to enhance good color developability and feel as a personal care product.
- the composition may contain thickeners, film-forming agents, surfactants, sugars, polyhydric alcohols, water-soluble polymers, sequestering agents, lower alcohols, amino acids, organic amines, etc., depending on the type of intended personal care product. , pH adjusters, skin conditioning agents, vitamins, antioxidants, fragrances, preservatives, UV absorbers, UV scattering agents, etc. can contain.
- the ultraviolet absorber include one or more selected from benzophenone derivatives and methoxycinnamic acid derivatives.
- Benzophenone derivatives include dihydroxybenzophenone, dihydroxydimethoxybenzophenone, hydroxymethoxybenzophenone sulfonate, dihydroxydimethoxybenzophenone disulfonate and the like.
- Methoxycinnamic acid derivatives include 2-ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate and the like. Fine particles having an average particle size of 0.1 ⁇ m or less, for example, can be used as the ultraviolet scattering agent.
- the UV scattering agent one or more of zinc oxide, titanium oxide, silica and the like can be used.
- the composition L preferably further contains a liquid medium.
- the liquid medium is a liquid that can be used as a solvent or dispersion medium for dissolving or dispersing the cosmetic.
- the composition L is preferably a mixture containing at least powder and a liquid medium.
- the composition L is preferably a mixture containing at least the above-described pigment-containing powder, oil and liquid medium.
- the liquid (liquid medium) described above examples include substances that are volatile in a liquid state (volatile solvent).
- the liquid (liquid medium) is preferably one or more selected from water, alcohol, ketone, hydrocarbon, and the like.
- the alcohol for example, a monovalent chain aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a monovalent cycloaliphatic alcohol having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, or a monovalent aromatic alcohol is preferably used.
- Specific examples thereof include ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, phenylethyl alcohol, propanol, pentanol and the like.
- ketones chain aliphatic ketones having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloaliphatic ketones having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and aromatic ketones having 8 to 10 carbon atoms are preferably used. Specific examples thereof include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, acetophenone, and the like.
- hydrocarbon for example, an isoparaffinic hydrocarbon is preferably used, and a specific example thereof is an IP solvent.
- the content of the liquid medium in the composition varies depending on the purpose, but the total amount is preferably 20% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass or more, and further Preferably, it is 40% by mass or more.
- the content of the liquid medium in the composition is preferably 70% by mass or less, more preferably 60% by mass or less, and even more preferably 50% by mass or less. Within such a range, it is possible to enhance the uniform dispersibility of the constituent materials of the composition L and enhance the handleability.
- the aroma candle is formed wholly or partly from the deposit S.
- composition L A cosmetic slurry containing a cosmetic and water as a liquid medium was used as composition L by mixing the raw materials shown below.
- the ratio of powder to the total amount of composition L was 47.9% by mass.
- the density of composition L was 1.53 g/cm 3 .
- a solid cosmetic which is a type of personal care product, was used as the object 70, and the composition L described above was continuously supplied thereon to perform the formation process.
- a solidification step by drying was then performed to remove composition-derived water from the composition L on the object 70 .
- a deposited body S composed of a plurality of linear linear bodies was formed on the object 70 .
- make-up cosmetics of Examples 1-1 to 1-8 were obtained.
- the powder ratio in the deposit S was 91.0% by mass.
- the supply temperature of the composition L (the temperature at the time of ejection) was constant at 23° C., and the nozzle 21 was moved by a predetermined distance while the object 70 was fixed.
- the viscosity at the same temperature was 53.7 Pa ⁇ s.
- Other conditions in the formation process were the conditions shown in Table 1 below.
- Example 1-1 Example 1-1, except that the supply speed V1 and the supply amount M1 of the composition L, and the relative movement speed V2 of the nozzle 21 with respect to the object 70 in the planar direction were changed to the constant conditions shown in Table 2 below. In a similar manner, a deposit S having a plurality of linear bodies formed on the object 70 was formed on the object 70 .
- Examples 3-1 to 3-7 The distance H1 of the nozzle 21 with respect to the object 70, the supply speed V1 and the supply amount M1 of the composition L are constant under the conditions shown in Table 3 below, and the relative movement speed V2 of the nozzle 21 with respect to the object 70 in the planar direction is as follows.
- a deposit S having a plurality of linear bodies formed on the object 70 was formed on the object 70 in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that the conditions were changed to those shown in Table 3.
- Chips and omissions are observed in the linear deposits, but these are to the extent that they are not recognized by users of personal care products, and have high-precision drawability.
- a drawing example with this evaluation is shown in FIG. In FIG. 10, the positions indicated by the arrows are locations where the drawing is lacking or lacking.
- E The tip of the nozzle comes into contact with the object, and chipping or peeling of the deposit or the object is partially observed.
- FIG. In FIG. 11, the positions indicated by arrows are locations where drawing is chipped or peeled off.
- F Deposit lines unintentionally curved, edges unclear, or dotted. Drawing examples with this evaluation are shown in FIGS. 12(a) and (b). In FIGS. 12(a) and 12(b), positions indicated by arrows are bent portions.
Abstract
Description
一実施形態において、前記製造方法は、流動性を有する組成物をノズルから対象物に供給しながら、該ノズルを該対象物に対して相対的に移動させて、該組成物由来である堆積体を対象物上に形成する形成工程を有することが好ましい。
一実施形態において、前記ノズルとして、ノズル径が0.01mm以上2mm以下であるものを用いることが好ましい。
一実施形態において、前記形成工程において、前記ノズル径に対する、前記ノズルの先端と前記対象物との距離の比(距離/ノズル径)を0.35以上3未満として前記組成物を供給することが好ましい。
また特許文献2に記載の技術では、パーソナルケア製品の造形及び加飾に関し、形状や寸法の精度を高めることについて何ら検討されていない。
本製造方法によって製造されるパーソナルケア製品は、これを皮膚上に直接塗布したり、あるいは水等の液媒に溶解又は分散させた液体を皮膚上に塗布、散布又は滴下等したりすることで、人体に適用可能なものである。またパーソナルケア製品は、香りを人体に適用するものでもよく、例えば、香りを介して、人体にリラックス効果を与えるアロマキャンドル等であってもよい。パーソナルケア製品は、1気圧、20℃において固体である。
このようなパーソナルケア製品としては、例えば、メークアップ化粧品などの化粧品、石鹸、入浴剤などが挙げられるが、これらに限られない。
メークアップ化粧品としては、アイシャドウやファンデーション、口紅が挙げられる。
口紅は典型的には油剤及び顔料を含む。
パーソナルケア製品は、典型的には化粧料粉末を含む。
このような組成物としては、例えば、化粧料などの粉体と、液体である分散媒とを含む混合物である分散液(いわゆるスラリー)や、化粧料などの各種の化合物を液体の溶媒に溶解させた溶液、あるいは、化粧料又は油剤の単体又は化粧料を含む組成物を加熱溶融させた溶融液などが挙げられる。組成物及びその構成材料の詳細は後述する。
本発明に用いられる製造装置10は、典型的には、平板状の対象物配置部90がノズル21の下方且つノズル21と対向する位置に配されており、対象物配置部90の上面に対象物70が載置又は固定できるようになっている。
これらの構造を備えた実施形態の一例を図1及び図3(a)~(c)に示す。
位置調整部50は、ノズル21の位置及び対象物配置部90の位置を、任意の方向に相対的に移動させる位置調整機構を備えていることが好ましい。これによって、ノズル21及び対象物配置部90の少なくとも一方を、平面方向、鉛直方向又はその組み合わせの方向に移動させて、ノズル21及び対象物配置部90上の対象物70の少なくとも一方を他方に対して相対的に移動させることができるように構成されている。位置調整機構は手動であってもよく、あるいはセンサーなどから発信された電気信号に対応して自動的に制御されていてもよい。
送液部25は、流路28を介して組成物収容部26が連通して接続されていることが好ましい。これにより、組成物収容部26から送液部25の内部に供給された組成物Lをノズル21側に連続的に又は非連続的に供給したり、あるいは供給を停止したりできる。
このような送液部25としては、組成物Lを液滴状に吐出可能なジェットディスペンサー、あるいは組成物Lを連続的に吐出可能なモーノディスペンサーやスクリューディスペンサーを用いることができる。
組成物収容部26は、その一方がエア等の加圧手段やポンプと接続されており、組成物収容部26に収容されている組成物Lを、流路28を介して、送液部25側に圧送できるように構成されていることが好ましい。
ノズルの構成材料は特に限定されず、例えば金属やプラスチックなどを採用できる。
またノズル径D1は、微細な塗布の実現、液垂れ抑制といった観点から、好ましくは2mm以下、より好ましくは1mm以下、更に好ましくは0.6mm以下である。
ノズル径D1は、ノズル21が円形状である場合の内径、すなわちノズル21の断面の長さと同義である(図2(a)参照)。ノズル21が円形状でない場合、ノズル21の流動方向Rと直交する断面においてノズル21の内面に内接する内接円C(図2(b)及び(c)参照)の直径D1をノズル径とする。図2(b)には、ノズル21が矩形状である例が示されており、図2(c)には、ノズル21が楕円形状である例が示されている。
また上述したノズル21の断面積は、微細な塗布の実現、液垂れ抑制といった観点から、好ましくは3.2mm2以下、より好ましくは1mm2以下、更に好ましくは0.4mm2以下である。
上述した実施形態と同様の構成部分は同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。特に説明しない構成部分は、上述した実施形態についての説明が適宜適用される。
以下の説明では、説明の便宜上、組成物Lとして、固体の化粧料粉末と液媒とを含む化粧料スラリーを用いて、該スラリーを線状に連続供給して、線状の堆積体を造形する場合を例にとり説明する。
このとき、ノズル21の先端と対象物70との間は空隙を有しており、互いに非接触であることが好ましい。ノズル21と対象物70との相対的な移動は、位置調整部50における位置調整機構によって行うことができる。
この一例を図3(a)に示す。
ノズル21の相対的な移動方向は、目的とする堆積体Sの平面視形状や立体形状、あるいは描出されるデザインに応じて、平面方向、鉛直方向、あるいはこれらの組み合わせの方向とすることができる。
本明細書におけるデザインとは、例えばひらがな及びカタカナ等の日本語文字、アルファベット、アラビア数字、ローマ数字、諸外国の文字等の各種文字、直線及び曲線並びにこれらの組み合わせからなる図形や幾何学形状、記号、色、模様又はこれらの組み合わせの形状を意味する。
これらのデザインは、デザインが配される対象物70が本来有する地色と同一又は異なる色で着色されて表出される。
この一例を図3(b)に示す。
いずれの場合であっても、組成物に含まれる材料の均一分散性を向上し供給の安定性を高める観点から、ノズル21からの供給時の温度における組成物Lの粘度が、好ましくは0.1Pa・s以上であり、好ましくは1000Pa・s以下とする。組成物Lの好ましい粘度の詳細は後述する。
詳細には、形成工程におけるノズル径D1に対する距離H1の比(H1/D1)は、吐出した堆積体をノズルにより潰してしまうことの防止、細い線幅の実現といった観点から、好ましくは0.35以上、より好ましくは0.5以上、更に好ましくは0.55以上、より一層好ましくは0.7以上とする。
また、形成工程におけるノズル径D1に対する距離H1の比(H1/D1)は、ノズルと対象物との相対的な移動に対する吐出した堆積体の良好な追従性の観点から、好ましくは3未満、より好ましくは2.5以下、更に好ましくは2以下とする。
上述したH1/D1は、形成工程の開始から終了までにおいて一定となるように維持されていてもよく、上述の範囲で変化していてもよい。
形成工程におけるノズル21の先端と対象物70との距離H1は、ノズルと対象物との接触を抑制するといった観点から、好ましくは0.15mm以上、より好ましくは0.2mm以上、更に好ましくは0.25mm以上である。
また上述した距離H1は、ノズルと対象物との相対的な移動に対する吐出した堆積体の追従性を向上するといった観点から、好ましくは5mm以下、より好ましくは2.5mm以下、更に好ましくは2mm以下である。
距離H1は、例えば上述した位置調整部50によって適宜調整することができる。
詳細には、形成工程における組成物Lの供給速度V1に対する相対移動速度V2の比(V2/V1)は、同一ノズルで複数の線幅の堆積体を作製可能という点で下限は特に限定はされないが、ノズル径D1に対して堆積体の線幅の過剰な増大を抑制したり、生産能力を向上したりするといった観点から、好ましくは0.1以上、より好ましくは0.4以上、更に好ましくは0.6以上とする。
また、形成工程における組成物Lの供給速度V1に対する相対移動速度V2の比(V2/V1)は、供給不足による堆積体の想定しない途切れ・千切れの抑制といった観点から、好ましくは2以下、より好ましくは1.7以下、更に好ましくは1.5以下とする。
上述したV2/V1は、形成工程の開始から終了までにおいて一定となるように維持されていてもよく、上述の範囲で変化していてもよい。
また、形成工程における組成物Lの供給速度V1は、供給が可能な限り特に限定されないが、現実的な観点から、好ましくは5000mm/s以下、より好ましくは500mm/s以下、更に好ましくは200mm/s以下とする。
供給速度V1は、供給部20における送液部25として例えば上述したディスペンサーを用いた場合にはローターの回転数を適宜調整したり、あるいは、ノズル21の形状や内径、組成物Lの粘度などを調整したりすることで適宜変更可能である。
また、平面方向における相対移動速度V2は、動作が可能な限り特に限定されないが、現実的な観点から、好ましくは9000mm/s以下、より好ましくは1000mm/s以下、更に好ましくは250mm/s以下とする。
相対移動速度V2は、例えば上述した位置調整部50の駆動速度を変更することによって適宜変更可能である。
また本明細書における相対移動速度V2は、絶対値として表すものとする。
また、形成工程における組成物Lの供給量M1は、動作が可能な限り特に限定されないが、ノズルの相対移動速度とのバランスにより高精細な堆積体の安定的な形成を行うといった観点から、好ましくは150mm3/s以下、より好ましくは50mm3/s以下、更に好ましくは15mm3/s以下とする。
供給量M1は、供給部20における送液部25として例えば上述したディスペンサーを用いた場合にはローターの回転数を適宜調整したり、あるいは、ノズル21の形状や内径、組成物Lの粘度などを調整したりすることで適宜変更可能である。
この一例を図3(c)に示す。
上述の方法で製造された堆積体S(線状体)の平面視における線幅W1は、特に限定されないが、立体的且つ高精細なデザインを形成するといった観点から、好ましくは0.05mm以上、より好ましくは0.1mm以上、更に好ましくは0.15mm以上である。
また、堆積体S(線状体)の平面視における線幅W1は、高精細なデザインを形成するといった観点から、好ましくは1mm以下、より好ましくは0.7mm以下、更に好ましくは0.5mm以下であり、より一層好ましくは0.4mm以下である。
堆積体Sの平面視における線幅W1は、例えばノズル21の先端と対象物70との距離H1を上述した範囲としたり、あるいは、ノズル21の形状や内径、組成物Lの組成や粘度などを調整したりすることで適宜変更可能である。
また、堆積体S(線状体)の厚みT1は、特に限定されないが、堆積体を1層形成した際の堆積体の崩れを抑制するといった観点から、好ましくは1mm以下、より好ましくは0.5mm以下、更に好ましくは0.3mm以下とする。
なお、上記厚みT1は、堆積体(線状体)が1層のみの場合は、該1層の厚みを示し、堆積体(線状体)が複数積層されている場合は、各層の単層単位での厚みを示す。
堆積体Sの厚みT1は、例えばノズル21の先端と対象物70との距離H1を上述した範囲としたり、あるいは、ノズル21の形状や内径、組成物Lの組成や粘度などを調整したりすることで適宜変更可能である。
固化工程を行う場合であっても、形成された堆積体Sの厚みT1は上述した範囲を満たすことが好ましい。厚みT1を上述した範囲とするためには、例えば化粧料スラリー中の粉体含有量を調整すればよい。
組成物由来である堆積体(線状体)は、成形性といった観点から、その固形分として、粉体を好ましくは99質量%以下含む。
堆積体をこのような構成とするためには、例えば組成物Lに粉体を上述の固形分の範囲で含有させたり、あるいは、液媒及び粉体を含む組成物Lを用いて対象物70上に供給した後、固化工程を行って液媒を除去したりすることで達成することができる。
そして、ノズル21からの組成物Lの供給を再開して第2の形成工程を更に行って、第1の堆積体S1上に、第1の堆積体S1以外の他の堆積体Sとしての第2の堆積体S2を形成する。この実施形態の一例を図4(b)に示す。
そして、ノズル21からの組成物Lの供給を再開して第2の形成工程を更に行って、対象物70上に、第1の堆積体S1以外の他の堆積体Sとしての第2の堆積体S2を形成する。この実施形態の一例を図5(b)に示す。
各堆積体Sを形成する際に用いる組成物Lは、それぞれ同一の組成であってもよく、異なる組成であってもよい。
また各堆積体Sの形成後は、必要に応じて固化工程を行ってもよい。固化工程は、堆積体Sが形成されるごとに複数回行ってもよく、目的とするすべての堆積体Sが形成された後で行ってもよい。
まず、第1の形成工程を行って、対象物70上に第1の堆積体S1を形成することが好ましい。このとき、対象物70を平面視したときに、堆積体Sが対象物70上に存在する堆積領域Afと、堆積体Sが対象物70上に存在しない非堆積領域Anとが形成されるように行うことが好ましい。つまり、本工程において形成される第1の堆積体S1は対象物70の一部の領域に存在し、第1の堆積体S1の存在領域が堆積領域Afと同一である。非堆積領域Anは、対象物70の面が露出した領域である。この実施形態の一例を図6(a)に示す。
第1の堆積体S1は、化粧料を含む線状体である立体造形体として形成されていてもよい。この立体造形体は、複数の線状体が積層された積層構造によって形成されていることが好ましい。
非堆積領域Anは、平面視において堆積領域Afによって区分され、平面視において堆積領域Afに囲まれた領域と、堆積領域Afよりも平面視外方の領域とにそれぞれ形成されていることが好ましい。
平面視において堆積領域Afに囲まれた非堆積領域Anの全域に第2の堆積体S2が形成されていることが好ましい。
第3の形成工程を行う場合、例えば、第1の堆積体S1及び第2の堆積体S2の一方又は両方の上に、第3の堆積体S3を積層して形成する。このとき、第3の形成工程において供給する組成物Lは、第1の形成工程及び第2の形成工程の各工程において供給した組成物Lと同一の又は異なる組成物を用いることができる。
第3の堆積体S3は、第1の堆積体S1上の少なくとも一部に形成され、且つ第2の堆積体S2上の少なくとも一部に形成されていてもよい。
第1の堆積体S1上の全域に且つ第2の堆積体S2上の全域に第3の堆積体S3が連続的に形成されていてもよい。これにより、複数の層を有する立体構造が形成される。この実施形態の一例を図6(c)に示す。
この立体構造は、各層で視認されるデザインが異なるようになっていることが好ましい。
立体構造のデザインを視認可能にして消費者に美観を想起させやすくする観点から、第1の堆積体S1は有色(透明及び不透明を含む)、又は透明(有色及び無色を含む)であることが好ましい。
同様の観点から、第2の堆積体S2は有色(透明及び不透明を含む)、又は透明(有色及び無色を含む)であることが好ましく、第1の堆積体S1とは異なる色又は透明であることも好ましい。第3の堆積体S3は、目的とする製品に応じて、有色(透明及び不透明を含む)であってもよく、透明(有色及び無色を含む)であってもよい。これによって、各堆積体によって形成された立体構造は、視認可能な所定のデザインを有するものとなる。
視認される色が異なる堆積体を形成するためには、組成物L中の顔料の有無やその種類を適宜調整することによって容易に得ることができる。
例えば、組成物Lとして液体及び化粧料を含む溶液を用いた場合には、該溶液を対象物70上に供給した後、対象物70上の組成物Lに対して、減圧等の公知の方法で溶液から溶媒を除去して、組成物L中の化粧料を析出により固化させて、堆積体Sとすればよい。
また例えば、組成物Lとして化粧料を含む加熱溶融液や乳化液を用いた場合には、該溶融液を対象物70上に供給した後、対象物70上の組成物Lを冷却する等して、該溶融液を固化させればよい。溶融液や乳化液を用いる場合には、少なくともノズル21から吐出する際において液体の状態であれば適用可能である。冷却は、容器内に充填した後の充填物の温度を吐出する流動体の温度よりも低下させる趣旨であり、加熱状態の物体を常温等に温度低下させる態様の他に、冷蔵や冷凍も包含する。
例えば、対象物70がパーソナルケア製品であれば、堆積体はパーソナルケア製品上に直接形成されて、堆積体からなるデザインが視認可能となり、意匠性が高いパーソナルケア製品となる。また、バリエーションに富んだデザインを容易に描出、成形可能となる。更に、形成された堆積体は立体的であり、また高精細であるので、視認されるデザインも意匠性が良好なものとなる。必要に応じて、別途造形した堆積体をパーソナルケア製品に積層する等して加飾したり、包装袋や包装箱等に収容する包装工程を行ったりして、市場に流通させることができる。
この場合、線状体における厚み及び線幅はそれぞれ、上述した厚みT1及び線幅W1と同様の範囲とすることができる。
また、上述した線状体は堆積体であるので、上述のとおりの含有量で、固形分として粉体を含むことが好ましい。
パーソナルケア製品は、複数の層を有し、各層で視認されるデザインが異なるように構成されていてもよい。
パーソナルケア製品は、線状体である第1の堆積体S1が有色であり、線状体で囲まれた領域内に存在する第2の堆積体S2が透明であってもよい。これによって、視認可能な所定のデザインが形成されている。これに代えて、第1の堆積体S1が透明であり、第2の堆積体S2が有色で形成されていてもよい。
また、上記粘度は、吐出性を向上させ、成形性を向上する観点から、好ましくは1000Pa・s以下、より好ましくは500Pa・s以下、更に好ましくは200Pa・s以下である。
上述した組成物の粘度は、組成物の温度をノズル21からの供給時の組成物と同じ温度、すなわち吐出時の温度にした上で測定する。例えば組成物がスラリーである等といった加熱溶融液以外のものであり、室温(25℃)でノズルから供給する場合には、25℃において、B型粘度計(東機産業株式会社製、デジタル粘度計TVB-10R)を用いて測定された値とする。この場合の測定条件は、ローターをサンプルの粘度範囲に合わせてローターNo.M1、M2、M3、M4、H1、H2、H3、H4、H5、H6、H7、T-A、T-B、T-C、T-D及びT-Eのいずれかとし、回転数を3~100rpmとし、測定時間を60秒間とする。組成物が加熱溶融液である場合、組成物の温度をノズル21からの供給時の組成物と同じ温度にした上で、前述の測定条件にて粘度を測定する。
このような固体としては、例えば、着色顔料及び体質顔料などの通常の化粧料成分に用いられる粉体を含むことが好ましい。
着色顔料及び体質顔料としては、例えば、無機粉体、有機粉体、無機粉体と有機粉体との複合粉体などが挙げられる。
無機粉体としては、ケイ酸、無水ケイ酸、ケイ酸マグネシウム、タルク、セリサイト、マイカ、カオリン、ベンガラ、クレー、ベントナイト、雲母、チタン被膜雲母、オキシ塩化ビスマス、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化マグネシウム、酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛、酸化アルミニウム、硫酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム、硫酸マグネシウム、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、酸化鉄、群青、酸化クロム、水酸化クロム、カラミン、カーボンブラック、チッ化ホウ素これらの複合体等が挙げられる。
有機粉体としては、ポリアミド、ナイロン、ポリエステル、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン、ポリウレタン、ビニル樹脂、尿素樹脂、フェノール樹脂、フッ素樹脂、ケイ素樹脂、アクリル樹脂、メラミン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ジビニルベンゼン・スチレン共重合体、シルクパウダー、セルロース、長鎖アルキルリン酸金属塩、N-モノ長鎖アルキルアシル塩基性アミノ酸、これらの複合体等が挙げられる。
これらの体質顔料や着色顔料は、着色しているか又は非着色(例えば、白色又は本質的に透明)であり、組成物又は皮膚に対して、着色、光の回折、油分吸収、半透明性、不透明性、光沢、光沢のない外観、滑らか感などのうちの一つ以上の効果を提供し得る。
組成物中における粉体の含有量は、供給時の流動性といった生産性の観点から、好ましくは85質量%以下、より好ましくは80質量%以下、更に好ましくは70質量%以下である。
このような範囲であることで、高精細な立体形状を有するパーソナルケア製品を製造しやすくすることができ、また製品を使用したときの良好な使用感を高めることができる。
組成物中における粉体の平均粒径は、着色力や明度、彩度等の光学的性質の調整といった観点から、好ましくは0.1μm以上、より好ましくは1μm以上である。
組成物中における粉体の平均粒径はノズル詰まりを抑制し連続的に安定した吐出を可能とするといった観点から、好ましくは300μm以下、より好ましくは150μm以下、更に好ましくは100μm以下である。
平均粒径は、レーザ回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置で測定される累積体積50容量%における体積累積粒径D50とする。なお、最終的な製品から粉体の平均粒径を測る場合には、まず製品を水や油に溶解させ、バインダー成分を溶かして溶媒に粒子を分散させる。その後、粒度分布計を用いて固形物としての粒度分布を測定し、得られた結果の体積累積粒径D50を平均粒径とする。
組成物中における粉体の平均粒径は、ノズルからの安定供給性といった観点から、ノズル径D1より小さいことが好ましい。
組成物中における粉体の平均粒径は、上述の方法で製造された堆積体S(線状体)の平面視における線幅W1を細くし、立体的且つ高精細なデザインを安定的に形成するといった観点から、ノズル径D1との比(平均粒径/ノズル径)が、好ましくは1以下、より好ましくは0.5以下、更に好ましくは0.35以下、より一層好ましくは0.3以下である。
平均粒径/ノズル径は小さければ小さいほど好ましいが、現実的には0.001以上である。
直鎖又は分岐の炭化水素油としては、流動パラフィン、スクワラン等が挙げられる。
植物油としては、ホホバ油、オリーブ油等が挙げられる。
動物油としては、液状ラノリン等が挙げられる。
エステル油としては、モノアルコール脂肪酸エステル、多価アルコール脂肪酸エステル等が挙げられる。
シリコーン油としては、ジメチルポリシロキサン、ジメチルシクロポリシロキサン、メチルフェニルポリシロキサン、メチルハイドロジェンポリシロキサン、高級アルコール変性オルガノポリシロキサン等が挙げられる。
高分子アルコールとしては、ポリエチレングリコール等が挙げられる。
固体油としては、例えば、ワセリン、セタノール、ステアリルアルコール、セラミド等が挙げられる。
組成物中における油剤の含有量は、好ましくは30質量%以下、より好ましくは20質量%以下、更に好ましくは15質量%以下である。
このような範囲であることで、パーソナルケア製品としての良好な発色性や感触を高めることができる。
紫外線吸収剤としては、例えば、ベンゾフェノン誘導体、メトキシ桂皮酸誘導体から選ばれる1種又は2種以上が挙げられる。
ベンゾフェノン誘導体としては、ジヒドロキシベンゾフェノン、ジヒドロキシジメトキシベンゾフェノン、ヒドロキシメトキシベンゾフェノンスルホン酸塩、ジヒドロキシジメトキシベンゾフェノンジスルホン酸塩等が挙げられる。
メトキシ桂皮酸誘導体としては、メトキシケイ皮酸2-エチルヘキシル等が挙げられる。
紫外線散乱剤としては、例えば平均粒径が0.1μm以下の微粒子を用いることができる。
紫外線散乱剤としては、酸化亜鉛、酸化チタン及びシリカ等の1種又は2種以上が挙げられる。
アルコールとしては、例えば一価の炭素数1~6の鎖式脂肪族アルコールや、一価の炭素数3~6の環式脂肪族アルコールや、一価の芳香族アルコールが好適に用いられる。それらの具体例としては、エタノール、イソプロピルアルコール、ブチルアルコール、フェニルエチルアルコール、プロパノール、ペンタノールなどが挙げられる。
ケトンとしては例えば炭素数3~6の鎖式脂肪族ケトンや、炭素数3~6の環式脂肪族ケトンや、炭素数8~10の芳香族ケトンが好適に用いられる。それらの具体例としては、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン、アセトフェノンなどが挙げられる。
炭化水素としては、例えばイソパラフィン系炭化水素が好適に用いられ、その具体例としては、IPソルベントが挙げられる。
組成物中における液媒の含有量は、好ましくは70質量%以下、より好ましくは60質量%以下、更に好ましくは50質量%以下である。
このような範囲であることで、組成物Lの構成材料の均一分散性を高めつつ、取り扱い性を高めることができる。
本発明によりアロマキャンドルを製造する場合、アロマキャンドルの全部又は一部を堆積体Sから形成することが好ましい。
以下に示す原料を混合し、化粧料及び液媒としての水を含む化粧料スラリーを組成物Lとして用いた。組成物L全量に対する粉体の割合は47.9質量%であった。組成物Lの密度は1.53g/cm3であった。
(1)粉体成分
・パール粉体 :52質量部
・顔料粉体 :38.95質量部
(2)粉体以外の成分
・水 :90質量部
・油剤 :3質量部
・湿潤剤 :2質量部
・増粘剤 :0.55質量部
・防腐剤他 :3.5質量部
形成工程における条件は、組成物Lの供給温度(吐出時の温度)は23℃で一定とし、対象物70を固定した状態でノズル21を所定距離移動させて行った。同温度での粘度は、53.7Pa・sであった。形成工程におけるその他の条件は以下の表1に示す条件とした。
組成物Lの供給速度V1及び供給量M1、並びに、平面方向における対象物70に対するノズル21の相対移動速度V2を以下の表2に示す一定の条件に変更した以外は、実施例1-1と同様の方法で、複数の線状体が対象物70上に形成された堆積体Sを対象物70上に形成した。
対象物70に対するノズル21の距離H1、並びに組成物Lの供給速度V1及び供給量M1を以下の表3に示す条件で一定とし、平面方向における対象物70に対するノズル21の相対移動速度V2を以下の表3に示す条件に変更した以外は、実施例1-1と同様の方法で、複数の線状体が対象物70上に形成された堆積体Sを対象物70上に形成した。
各実施例及び比較例で形成された線状の堆積体の線幅W1及び厚みT1をそれぞれ、非接触3D形状測定機(株式会社キーエンス製VR-3100)を用いて、堆積体の形状測定を行い、得られた画像の平面図から堆積体の線幅を計測し、また、得られた画像の高低差のプロファイルから堆積体の厚みを計測し、10か所の平均値をそれぞれ線幅W1及び厚みT1とするといった方法で測定した。結果を以下の表1~表3に示す。
各実施例及び比較例で形成された線状の堆積体を平面視して、以下の基準で評価した。
描画性の評価は、以下の基準における評価A~Fで表し、評価Aが最も優れる。評価が優れたものであるほど、形状や寸法の精度が高いパーソナルケア製品の造形及び加飾を行うことができることを意味する。結果を以下の表1~表3に示す。
A:「(線幅W1/ノズル径D1)≦1.25」であり、目的とする形状や寸法の描画精度に非常に優れる。この評価を有する描画例を図7に示す。
B:「1.25<(線幅W1/ノズル径D1)≦2」であり、目的とする形状や寸法の描画精度が良好である。この評価を有する描画例を図8に示す。
C:「(線幅W1/ノズル径D1)>2」であり、欠けや抜けが無い連続線を描画でき、より精度の高い描画性を有する。この評価を有する描画例を図9(a)及び(b)に示す。
D:目的とする形状が巨視的に視認可能な程度の描画性を有する。線状の堆積体に欠けや抜けが見られるが、これらはパーソナルケア製品の使用者に認知されない程度のものであり、高い精度の描画性を有する。この評価を有する描画例を図10に示す。図10中、矢印で示す位置は描画に欠けや抜けがある箇所である。
E:ノズル先端が対象物と接触する等して、堆積体や対象物の欠けや剥がれが一部見られる。この評価を有する描画例を図11に示す。図11中、矢印で示す位置は描画に欠けや剥がれがある箇所である。
F:堆積体の線が意図せず曲がってしまったり、エッジが不明瞭であったり、点線になったりする。この評価を有する描画例を図12(a)及び(b)に示す。図12(a)及び(b)中、矢印で示す位置は曲がった箇所などである。
Claims (43)
- 人体に適用可能なパーソナルケア製品の製造方法であって、
前記製造方法は、流動性を有する組成物をノズルから対象物に供給しながら、該ノズルを該対象物に対して相対的に移動させて、該組成物由来である堆積体を対象物上に形成する形成工程を有し、
前記ノズルとして、ノズル径が0.01mm以上2mm以下であるものを用い、
前記形成工程において、前記ノズル径に対する、前記ノズルの先端と前記対象物との距離の比(距離/ノズル径)を0.35以上3未満として前記組成物を供給する、パーソナルケア製品の製造方法。 - 前記組成物の粘度がノズルからの供給時の温度において、0.1Pa・s以上1000Pa・s以下である、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記ノズルとして、前記ノズル径が0.1mm以上であるものを用いる、請求項1又は2に記載の製造方法。
- 前記ノズルとして、前記ノズル径が1mm以下であるものを用いる、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記形成工程において、前記ノズル径に対する、前記ノズルの先端と前記対象物との距離の比(距離/ノズル径)が、0.5以上である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記形成工程において、前記ノズル径に対する、前記ノズルの先端と前記対象物との距離の比(距離/ノズル径)が、2.5以下である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記堆積体の厚みが0.05mm以上である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記堆積体の厚みが1mm以下である、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記パーソナルケア製品が、化粧品、石鹸、アロマキャンドル又は入浴剤である、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記対象物上に、前記堆積体以外の他の堆積体を一つ以上形成する、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 第1の前記形成工程を行った後に、前記ノズルからの組成物の供給を停止した状態で前記ノズルを前記対象物に対して同一平面上に相対的に移動させる移動工程を行い、次いで、
第2の前記形成工程を行って、前記対象物上に、前記堆積体以外の他の堆積体を一つ以上形成する、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 - 第1の前記形成工程を行った後に、第2の前記形成工程を更に行って、
前記堆積体上に、該堆積体以外の他の堆積体を一つ以上形成する、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 - 前記形成工程を行った後に、前記ノズルからの組成物の供給を停止した状態で前記ノズルを前記対象物に対して同一平面上に相対的に移動させる移動工程を更に有し、
前記形成工程と前記移動工程とをこの順で繰り返して行って、前記堆積体上に、該堆積体以外の他の堆積体を一つ以上形成する、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 - 前記ノズルから供給される前記組成物の温度が30℃以下である、請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記組成物が液体と粉体との混合物である、請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記組成物中の液体として水を含む、請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記組成物が液体と粉体との混合物であり、
前記組成物由来である前記堆積体における固形分中の前記粉体の含有量が70質量%以上である、請求項1~16のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 - 前記組成物が液体と粉体との混合物であり、
前記組成物由来である前記堆積体における固形分中の前記粉体の含有量が99質量%以下である、請求項1~17のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 - 前記組成物中における前記粉体の平均粒径は、前記ノズル径より小さい、請求項1~18のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記組成物中における前記粉体の平均粒径と、前記ノズル径との比(平均粒径/ノズル径)が、0.001以上1以下である、請求項1~19のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記形成工程において、前記ノズルからの前記組成物の供給速度に対する、平面方向における前記対象物に対する前記ノズルの相対移動速度の比を0.1以上として行う、請求項1~20のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記形成工程において、前記ノズルからの前記組成物の供給速度に対する、平面方向における前記対象物に対する前記ノズルの相対移動速度の比を2以下として行う、請求項1~21のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記ノズルからの前記組成物の供給量が0.05mm3/s以上である、請求項1~22のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記ノズルからの前記組成物の供給量が150mm3/s以下である、請求項1~23のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記対象物を平面視したときに、前記堆積体が前記対象物上に存在する堆積領域と、該堆積体が前記対象物上に存在しない非堆積領域とが形成されるように第1の前記形成工程を行って、第1の堆積体を形成し、次いで、
第1の前記形成工程において供給した組成物と同一の又は異なる組成物を供給して第2の前記形成工程を行って、前記非堆積領域に第2の堆積体を形成する、請求項1~24のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 - 前記対象物を平面視したときに、前記非堆積領域は前記堆積領域に囲まれて形成されている、請求項25に記載の製造方法。
- 前記非堆積領域の全域に第2の前記堆積体を形成する、請求項25又は26に記載の製造方法。
- 第1及び第2の前記各形成工程において供給した各組成物と同一の又は異なる組成物を供給して第3の前記形成工程を更に行って、第3の堆積体を第1の前記堆積体上且つ第2の前記堆積体上に形成して立体造形体とする、請求項25~27のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 第2の前記堆積体は透明である、請求項25~28のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 第1の前記堆積体は有色である、請求項25~29のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 第1の前記堆積体は有色であり、且つ第2の前記堆積体は透明である立体構造を形成する、請求項25~30のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記対象物が、紙、フィルム、不織布、金属、樹脂、又はパーソナルケア製品である、請求項1~31のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 線状体からなる立体造形体を含み、該線状体の平面視における線幅が1mm以下である、パーソナルケア製品。
- 線状体からなる立体造形体を含み、該線状体の平面視における線幅が0.05mm以上である、請求項33に記載のパーソナルケア製品。
- 前記線状体が、固形分として、粉体を70質量%以上含む、請求項33又は34に記載のパーソナルケア製品。
- 前記線状体が、固形分として、粉体を99質量%以下含む、請求項33~35のいずれか一項に記載のパーソナルケア製品。
- 前記線状体の厚みが0.05mm以上である、請求項33~36のいずれか一項に記載のパーソナルケア製品。
- 前記線状体の厚みが1mm以下である、請求項33~37のいずれか一項に記載のパーソナルケア製品。
- 視認可能なデザインが前記線状体によって形成されている、請求項33~38のいずれか一項に記載のパーソナルケア製品。
- 前記立体造形体は、複数の前記線状体が積層された積層構造である、請求項33~39のいずれか一項に記載のパーソナルケア製品。
- 平面視において、前記立体造形体で囲まれた領域内の全域に、化粧料を含む組成物が更に配された状態で成形されており、
前記組成物は、前記線状体と同一の又は異なる組成を有する、請求項33~40のいずれか一項に記載のパーソナルケア製品。 - 複数の層を有し、各層で視認されるデザインが異なる、請求項33~41のいずれか一項に記載のパーソナルケア製品。
- 前記線状体が透明であり、前記線状体で囲まれた領域内が有色であることで、外部から視認可能なデザインが形成されている、請求項33~42のいずれか一項に記載のパーソナルケア製品。
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