WO2023071103A1 - 一种纯丙乳液,其原料组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种纯丙乳液,其原料组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2023071103A1
WO2023071103A1 PCT/CN2022/089472 CN2022089472W WO2023071103A1 WO 2023071103 A1 WO2023071103 A1 WO 2023071103A1 CN 2022089472 W CN2022089472 W CN 2022089472W WO 2023071103 A1 WO2023071103 A1 WO 2023071103A1
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parts
emulsifier
weight
monomer
reducing agent
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PCT/CN2022/089472
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English (en)
French (fr)
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禹蒙蒙
秦宇锋
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上海保立佳新材料有限公司
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Publication of WO2023071103A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023071103A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F220/00Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F220/02Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F220/10Esters
    • C08F220/12Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
    • C08F220/16Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
    • C08F220/18Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
    • C08F220/1804C4-(meth)acrylate, e.g. butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate or tert-butyl (meth)acrylate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2/00Processes of polymerisation
    • C08F2/12Polymerisation in non-solvents
    • C08F2/16Aqueous medium
    • C08F2/22Emulsion polymerisation
    • C08F2/24Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents
    • C08F2/26Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents anionic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2/00Processes of polymerisation
    • C08F2/12Polymerisation in non-solvents
    • C08F2/16Aqueous medium
    • C08F2/22Emulsion polymerisation
    • C08F2/24Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents
    • C08F2/30Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents non-ionic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D133/00Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D133/24Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
    • C09D133/26Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylamide or methacrylamide

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of coatings, in particular to a pure acrylic emulsion, its raw material composition and its preparation method and application.
  • Elastic paint for external walls is a kind of product prepared with acrylate elastic emulsion with excellent elastic performance as the base material. It has excellent anti-crack performance. Cracks, the exterior wall elastic coating is also resistant to stains, aging and scrubbing, making the wall perfect for a long time, and can form different patterns of patterns with different construction techniques.
  • Acrylonitrile a tough monomer, is usually added to the existing acrylate elastic emulsions to improve the mechanical properties of the acrylate elastic emulsions.
  • acrylonitrile has disappeared from the catalog of highly toxic chemicals and instead appears in the catalog of hazardous chemicals. This means that from May 1, 2015, acrylonitrile has been reduced from a highly toxic chemical to a hazardous chemical.
  • carcinogens published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization in 2017, acrylonitrile is included in the list of carcinogens of type 2B.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the acrylonitrile used to improve the mechanical properties contained in the raw materials of most of the acrylate elastic emulsions in the prior art. , high risk, and great harm to the human body; and the mechanical properties of the existing acrylate elastic emulsion without adding acrylonitrile cannot meet the needs of use and other defects, and a pure acrylic emulsion is provided, its raw material composition and its preparation method and application .
  • the pure acrylic emulsion of the present invention does not introduce acrylonitrile, a 2B carcinogen, during the preparation process, and the production and use process is more environmentally friendly and safe, and has excellent mechanical properties.
  • the entire polymerization reaction is carried out at 55-65°C.
  • the system is carried out under relatively mild conditions, which not only reduces energy consumption but also ensures the stability of the process.
  • the invention provides a raw material composition of pure acrylic emulsion, which specifically includes the following components by weight: 110-180 parts of soft monomer, 30-80 parts of hard monomer, 2-6 parts of hydrophilic monomer, 0.2 ⁇ 1 part of silane coupling agent, 0.2 ⁇ 0.9 parts of oxidizing agent A, 0.1 ⁇ 0.3 parts of oxidizing agent B, 0.2 ⁇ 0.9 parts of reducing agent A, 0.1 ⁇ 0.3 parts of reducing agent B and 3 ⁇ 15 parts of emulsifier;
  • the soft monomer includes acrylate soft monomer;
  • the hard monomer includes methacrylate hard monomer, excluding acrylonitrile.
  • the acrylate soft monomer may include one or more of butyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and lauryl methacrylate, preferably Ground is a mixture of butyl acrylate and isooctyl acrylate or butyl acrylate.
  • the methacrylate hard monomer may include methyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate and cyclohexyl methacrylate.
  • the hard monomer may further include vinyl acetate.
  • the hydrophilic monomer may include any one or more of acrylamide, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, preferably a mixture of acrylic acid and acrylamide.
  • the type of the silane coupling agent can be conventional in the art, preferably including a vinyl silane coupling agent and/or an epoxy silane coupling agent, more preferably a vinyl silane coupling agent and Epoxy silane coupling agent.
  • the vinyl silane coupling agent preferably includes vinyl trimethoxysilane, for example, the silane coupling agent of model A171 produced by United Carbon Corporation.
  • the epoxy silane coupling agent preferably includes ⁇ -glycidyl ether propyl trimethoxysilane, for example, the silane coupling agent of model A187 produced by Momentive, USA.
  • the type of the oxidizing agent A can be conventional in the field, preferably including persulfate and/or peroxide.
  • the persulfate may include any one or more of sodium persulfate, ammonium persulfate and potassium persulfate, preferably ammonium persulfate.
  • the peroxide may include any one or more of hydrogen peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide and cumene hydroperoxide, preferably tert-butyl hydroperoxide.
  • the type of the oxidizing agent B can be conventional in the art, preferably includes a peroxide oxidizing agent, more preferably includes one of tert-butyl hydroperoxide, hydrogen peroxide and cumene hydroperoxide or Various, further more preferably including tert-butyl hydroperoxide and/or hydrogen peroxide.
  • the type of reducing agent A can be conventional in the field, preferably including Any one or more of FF6M, erythorbic acid, ascorbic acid and pyrosulfite, more preferably erythorbic acid or FF6M.
  • the pyrosulfite preferably includes sodium pyrosulfite.
  • the type of the reducing agent B can be conventional in the field, preferably erythorbic acid and/or FF6M.
  • the type of the emulsifier can be conventional in the art, preferably including anionic emulsifiers and nonionic emulsifiers.
  • the ratio by weight of the anionic emulsifier to the nonionic emulsifier may be (1-3):1, preferably (1.3-2);1.
  • the type of the anionic emulsifier can be conventional in the field, preferably including a phosphate anionic emulsifier and/or a sulfate anionic emulsifier.
  • the phosphate anionic emulsifier can include fatty phosphate, preferably RS-410, RS-610, Any one or more of RS-610.
  • the sulfate anionic emulsifier may include any one or more of ethoxylated alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfates and fatty alcohol ether sulfates, preferably ethoxylated alkyl sulfates Any one or more of sodium salt, ethoxylated alkyl ammonium sulfate, alkyl sulfate sodium salt and fatty alcohol ether sulfate sodium salt, for example, UB-WX, LA40S Z or ES3007.
  • the type of the nonionic emulsifier can be conventional in the art, preferably including fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether emulsifiers, for example, BC-420 or BC-610.
  • the weight part of the soft monomer is preferably 130-140 parts.
  • the parts by weight of the butyl acrylate can be 100-150 parts, preferably 110-135 parts;
  • the parts by weight can be 10-30 parts, preferably 20-30 parts.
  • the weight part of the butyl acrylate may be 100-150 parts, preferably 110-135 parts.
  • the weight part of the hard monomer is preferably 30-40 parts.
  • the parts by weight of the methyl methacrylate can be 20-50 parts, preferably 20-30 parts;
  • the weight part of the isobornyl methacrylate may be 10-20 parts.
  • the weight part of the methyl methacrylate may be 20-50 parts, preferably 20-30 parts.
  • the weight part of the hydrophilic monomer is preferably 2.5-4.5 parts.
  • the hydrophilic monomer is acrylamide and acrylic acid
  • the parts by weight of the acrylamide can be 0.5-1.5 parts, preferably 0.5-1 part; the parts by weight of the acrylic acid can be 2-5 parts Parts, preferably 2 to 3.5 parts.
  • the weight part of the silane coupling agent is preferably 0.5-0.7 parts.
  • the weight part of the oxidizing agent A is preferably 0.3-0.8 parts.
  • the weight part of the reducing agent A is preferably 0.3-0.8 parts.
  • the weight part of the emulsifier is preferably 3-14.3 parts, more preferably 6-7 parts.
  • the raw material composition of the pure acrylic emulsion may further include water.
  • the parts by weight of the water can be conventional in the field, preferably 150-180 parts, more preferably 160-180 parts.
  • the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of pure acrylic emulsion, the raw material of described pure acrylic emulsion comprises the raw material composition of above-mentioned pure acrylic emulsion, specifically comprises the following steps:
  • the weight-number ratio of part of the emulsifier to the water may be 1:(8-20), preferably 1:(8-10).
  • step (1) the preparation method of the mixture of part of the emulsifier and the water can be conventional in the field, generally including the following steps: part of the emulsifier and the water are mixed.
  • the mixing time may be a conventional time for this type of operation in the art, generally 15 to 40 minutes.
  • the mixing time can be the conventional time for this type of operation in the field, generally enough to completely emulsify the system, preferably more than 30 minutes, more preferably 30-40 minutes.
  • part of the emulsifier may account for 60%-90% by mass of the emulsifier, preferably 85.7%-90%. According to the routine in this field, the sum of the mass percentage of the remaining part of the emulsifier in the emulsifier and the part of the emulsifier in the mass percentage of the emulsifier is 100%.
  • the inert atmosphere can be an inert atmosphere that is conventionally considered by those skilled in the art to not chemically react with the raw materials, and generally can be nitrogen.
  • step (2) the ratio of parts by weight of the emulsifier to the water in the remaining part can be conventional in the field, generally 1:(70-100), preferably 1:(70-83).
  • step (2) the preparation method of the mixture of the remaining part of the emulsifier and water can be conventional in the art, generally, the remaining part of the emulsifier and the water can be mixed.
  • the mixing time may be a conventional time for this type of operation in the art, preferably 5-10 minutes.
  • the mass percentage of part of the monomer emulsion in the monomer emulsion may be 4%-8%, preferably 5%-8%. According to the practice in this field, the sum of the mass percentage of the remaining part of the monomer emulsion in the monomer emulsion and the mass percentage of the part of the monomer emulsion in the monomer emulsion is 100%.
  • the mass percentage of part of the oxidizing agent A in the oxidizing agent A may be 5%-20%, preferably 10%-20%. According to the practice in this field, the sum of the mass percentage of the remaining part of the oxidizing agent A in the oxidizing agent A and the part of the oxidizing agent A in the mass percentage of the oxidizing agent A is 100%.
  • the mass percentage of part of the reducing agent A in the reducing agent A may be 5%-20%, preferably 10%-20%. According to the practice in this field, the sum of the mass percentage of the reducing agent A in the remaining part of the reducing agent A and the mass percentage of the reducing agent A in the reducing agent A is 100%.
  • step (2) part of the oxidizing agent A and/or the remaining part of the oxidizing agent A can be added in the form of an aqueous solution of the oxidizing agent A according to the conventional practice in the art.
  • the ratio by weight of the oxidizing agent A to water may be 1:(35-100), preferably 1:(40-83).
  • step (2) part of the reducing agent A and/or the remaining part of the reducing agent A can be added in the form of an aqueous solution of the reducing agent A according to the practice in the art.
  • the weight-number ratio of the reducing agent A to water may be 1:(35-100), preferably 1:(40-83).
  • step (2) the adding time can be conventional in the field, generally 5-10 minutes.
  • step (2) the dropping time of the remaining part of the monomer emulsion, the remaining part of the oxidizing agent A and the remaining part of the reducing agent A can be conventional in the art, generally 3-4 hours.
  • the dropping time of the remaining part of the oxidizing agent A and the remaining part of the reducing agent A may be 5-10 minutes longer than the dropping time of the remaining part of the monomer emulsion.
  • the time for the heat preservation reaction may be a conventional time for this type of operation in the art, preferably 20-40 min, more preferably 30 min.
  • the temperature of the heat preservation reaction may be 55-65°C, preferably 60-65°C.
  • the temperature of the mixing reaction may be a conventional temperature for this type of operation in the art, preferably 50-60°C, more preferably 55-60°C.
  • the oxidizing agent B can be added in the form of an aqueous solution of oxidizing agent B according to the routine in the art.
  • the ratio of parts by weight of the oxidizing agent B to water may be 1:(40-70), preferably 1:50.
  • the adding method of the oxidizing agent B aqueous solution may be dropwise addition.
  • the dropping time of the aqueous solution of oxidant B may be 1-2 hours, preferably 1.5 hours.
  • step (3) the reducing agent B can be added in the form of an aqueous solution of reducing agent B according to the routine in the art.
  • the ratio of parts by weight of the reducing agent B to water may be 1:(40-70), preferably 1:50.
  • the adding method of the reducing agent B aqueous solution may be dropwise addition.
  • the dropping time of the reducing agent B aqueous solution may be 1-2 hours, preferably 1.5 hours.
  • the temperature of the second heat preservation reaction may be a conventional temperature for this type of operation in the art, preferably 50-60°C, more preferably 55°C.
  • the time for the second heat preservation reaction can be the conventional time for this type of operation in the art, preferably 1 h.
  • step (3) the operation of lowering the temperature may be further included after the second heat preservation reaction is completed, and the temperature is generally lowered to below 45°C.
  • step (3) according to the routine in the field, the pH value of the system can be adjusted to 7-9 by generally adding a pH regulator.
  • the pH regulator can be an alkaline pH regulator conventionally used in the art, preferably ammonia water and/or sodium hydroxide solution.
  • step (3) after adjusting the pH value of the system to 7-9, it may further include the operation of filtering and collecting the filtrate.
  • the present invention also provides a pure acrylic emulsion, which is prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method of the pure acrylic emulsion.
  • the present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned pure acrylic emulsion as a base material in the preparation of coatings.
  • the reagents and raw materials used in the present invention are all commercially available.
  • the positive and progressive effect of the present invention is that no 2B carcinogen such as acrylonitrile is introduced in the production process of the pure acrylic emulsion provided by the present invention, and the production process is more environmentally friendly and safe.
  • the molecular weight of the polymer is much higher than that of the pure acrylic emulsion prepared by the conventional high-temperature thermal initiation method, and the elongation at break and tensile strength are significantly higher than those obtained by the conventional high-temperature thermal initiation method. Pure acrylic emulsion is higher.
  • the whole polymerization reaction of the present invention is carried out under the condition of 55-65 DEG C, the conditions of the polymerization reaction system are mild, the energy consumption is reduced, and the stability of the process is also ensured.
  • a kind of pure acrylic emulsion, its raw material composition comprises each component of following parts by weight, see Table 1;
  • the preparation method of pure acrylic emulsion comprises the following steps:
  • reducing agent A solution Dissolve 0.3 parts of reducing agent A in 25 parts of water, stir until completely dissolved and set aside, prepare and use immediately half an hour before use;
  • reaction kettle bottom liquid A Add 50 parts of deionized water and 0.6 parts of the remaining emulsifier to the polymerization kettle with agitator, condenser, peristaltic pump and nitrogen pipeline, mix for 5 minutes, and heat up to the kettle The temperature is 55-60°C, and nitrogen gas is introduced as a protective gas;
  • a kind of pure acrylic emulsion, its raw material composition comprises each component of following parts by weight, see Table 2;
  • the preparation method of pure acrylic emulsion comprises the following steps:
  • reducing agent A solution Dissolve 0.7 parts of reducing agent A in 25 parts of water, stir until completely dissolved and set aside, prepare and use immediately half an hour before use;
  • reaction kettle bottom liquid A Add 70 parts of deionized water and 1 part of the remaining emulsifier to a polymerization kettle equipped with a stirrer, condenser, peristaltic pump, and nitrogen pipeline, mix for 5 minutes, and heat up to the kettle The temperature is 60-65°C, and nitrogen is passed as a protective gas;
  • a kind of pure acrylic emulsion, its raw material composition comprises each component of following parts by weight, see Table 3;
  • the preparation method of pure acrylic emulsion comprises the following steps:
  • reducing agent A solution Dissolve 0.7 parts of reducing agent A in 25 parts of water, stir until completely dissolved and set aside, prepare and use immediately half an hour before use;
  • reaction kettle bottom liquid A Add 70 parts of deionized water and 1 part of the remaining emulsifier to a polymerization kettle equipped with a stirrer, condenser, peristaltic pump, and nitrogen pipeline, mix for 5 minutes, and heat up to the kettle The temperature is 60-65°C, and nitrogen is passed as a protective gas;
  • a kind of pure acrylic emulsion, its raw material composition comprises each component of following parts by weight, see Table 4;
  • the preparation method of pure acrylic emulsion comprises the following steps:
  • reducing agent A solution Dissolve 0.3 parts of reducing agent A in 25 parts of water, stir until completely dissolved and set aside, prepare and use immediately half an hour before use;
  • Preparation of Reactor Bottom Liquid A Add 50 parts of deionized water and 0.6 parts of the remaining emulsifier to a polymerization kettle equipped with a stirrer, condenser, peristaltic pump, and nitrogen pipeline, and raise the temperature to 80 ⁇ 85°C, and nitrogen gas is introduced as a protective gas;
  • Example 1 Compared with Example 1, the difference is only in the amount of components in the raw material composition of the pure acrylic emulsion, see Table 5 for details, and other condition parameters are the same as in Example 1.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种纯丙乳液,其原料组合物及其制备方法和应用。纯丙乳液的原料组合物包括如下重量份数的各组分;110~180份软单体、30~80份硬单体、2~6份亲水单体、0.2~1份硅烷偶联剂、0.2~0.9份氧化剂A、0.1~0.3份氧化剂B、0.2~0.9份还原剂A、0.1~0.3份还原剂B和3~15份乳化剂;其中,软单体包括丙烯酸酯类软单体;硬单体包括甲基丙烯酸酯类硬单体,不包括丙烯腈。本发明的纯丙乳液在制备过程中不引入丙烯腈这种2B类致癌物质,生产和使用过程更环保安全,且具有优异的力学性能,聚合反应体系在相对较温和的条件下进行,降低能耗的同时也保证了工艺的稳定性。

Description

一种纯丙乳液,其原料组合物及其制备方法和应用
本申请要求申请日为2021年10月27日的中国专利申请2021112531266的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。
技术领域
本发明属于涂料领域,特别涉及一种纯丙乳液,其原料组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
外墙弹性涂料是一类采用弹性性能优异的丙烯酸酯弹性乳液为基料制备的产品,其具有优异的防裂性能,即便是在寒冷的冬季,其优异的低温延伸率也可以遮盖基层细微的裂痕,外墙弹性涂料还具有耐沾污、耐老化和耐擦洗性能,令墙面长久完美如新,配合不同施工工艺可形成不同造型的花纹效果。
现有的丙烯酸酯弹性乳液通常都会添加丙烯腈这种韧性单体,以此来提高丙烯酸酯弹性乳液力学性能。虽然新版《危险化学品目录(2015版)》中,丙烯腈已经从剧毒化学品目录中消失,转而出现在危险化学品目录之列。这意味着,2015年5月1日起,丙烯腈从剧毒化学品等级降为危险化学品。但是,在2017年世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构公布的致癌物清单中,丙烯腈在2B类致癌物清单中,所以相比于丙烯酸酯类单体,以丙烯腈为原料的产品在生产过程中需要工厂以及操作工人配备更多的防护措施并满足相应的生产使用资质,这在一定程度上限制了含丙烯腈产品工业化的便利性。目前,也有不含丙烯腈的丙烯酸酯弹性乳液,但其力学性能不理想,无法满足外墙弹性涂料在性能上的要求。
因此,本领域亟需研发一种无需添加丙烯腈,且具有优异力学性能的纯 丙乳液,提高生产和使用安全性,减少对环境的污染和对人体的伤害。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是为了克服现有技术中大部分丙烯酸酯弹性乳液的原料中含有用于提高力学性能的丙烯腈,由于丙烯腈为2B类致癌物质,使其在生产和使用过程中,危险性高,对人体伤害大;而现有不添加丙烯腈的丙烯酸酯弹性乳液的力学性能无法满足使用需求等缺陷,而提供一种纯丙乳液,其原料组合物及其制备方法和应用。本发明的纯丙乳液在制备过程中不引入丙烯腈这种2B类致癌物质,生产和使用过程更环保安全,且具有优异的力学性能,整个聚合反应在55~65℃条件下进行,聚合反应体系在相对较温和的条件下进行,降低能耗的同时也保证了工艺的稳定性。
本发明采用以下技术方案解决上述技术问题:
本发明提供一种纯丙乳液的原料组合物,具体包括如下重量份数的各组分;110~180份软单体、30~80份硬单体、2~6份亲水单体、0.2~1份硅烷偶联剂、0.2~0.9份氧化剂A、0.1~0.3份氧化剂B、0.2~0.9份还原剂A、0.1~0.3份还原剂B和3~15份乳化剂;
其中,所述软单体包括丙烯酸酯类软单体;所述硬单体包括甲基丙烯酸酯类硬单体,不包括丙烯腈。
一些实施例中,所述丙烯酸酯类软单体可包括丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异辛酯、丙烯酸正辛酯、丙烯酸乙酯和甲基丙烯酸十二烷酯中的一种或多种,较佳地为丙烯酸丁酯和丙烯酸异辛酯的混合物或丙烯酸丁酯。
一些实施例中,所述甲基丙烯酸酯类硬单体可包括甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯和甲基丙烯酸环己酯中的一种或多种,较佳为甲基丙烯酸甲酯和甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯的混合物或甲基丙烯酸甲酯。
一些实施例中,所述硬单体还可进一步包括醋酸乙烯酯。
一些实施例中,所述亲水单体可包括丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸中 的任意一种或多种,较佳地为丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺的混合物。
一些实施例中,所述硅烷偶联剂的种类可为本领域常规,较佳地包括乙烯基硅烷偶联剂和/或环氧硅烷偶联剂,更佳地为乙烯基硅烷偶联剂和环氧硅烷偶联剂。
其中,所述乙烯基硅烷偶联剂较佳地包括乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷,例如,美国联碳公司生产的型号为A171的硅烷偶联剂。
其中,所述环氧硅烷偶联剂较佳地包括γ-缩水甘油醚丙基三甲氧基硅烷,例如,美国迈图生产的型号为A187的硅烷偶联剂。
一些实施例中,所述氧化剂A的种类可为本领域常规,较佳地包括过硫酸盐和/或过氧化物。
其中,所述过硫酸盐可包括过硫酸钠、过硫酸铵和过硫酸钾中的任意一种或多种,较佳地为过硫酸铵。
其中,所述过氧化物可包括双氧水、叔丁基过氧化氢和异丙苯过氧化氢中的任意一种或多种,较佳地为叔丁基过氧化氢。
一些实施例中,所述氧化剂B的种类可为本领域常规,较佳地包括过氧化物氧化剂,更佳地包括叔丁基过氧化氢、双氧水和异丙苯过氧化氢中的一种或多种,进一步更佳地包括叔丁基过氧化氢和/或双氧水。
一些实施例中,所述还原剂A的种类可为本领域常规,较佳地包括
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000001
FF6M、异抗坏血酸、抗坏血酸和焦亚硫酸盐中的任意一种或多种,更佳地为异抗坏血酸或
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000002
FF6M。
其中,所述焦亚硫酸盐较佳地包括焦亚硫酸钠。
一些实施例中,所述还原剂B的种类可为本领域常规,较佳地为异抗坏血酸和/或
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000003
FF6M。
一些实施例中,所述乳化剂的种类可为本领域常规,较佳地包括阴离子乳化剂和非离子乳化剂。
其中,所述阴离子乳化剂与所述非离子乳化剂的重量份数比可为(1~3): 1,较佳地为(1.3~2);1。
其中,所述阴离子乳化剂的种类可为本领域常规,较佳地包括磷酸酯类阴离子乳化剂和/或硫酸盐类阴离子乳化剂。
所述磷酸酯类阴离子乳化剂可包括脂肪磷酸酯,较佳地包括
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000004
RS-410、
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000005
RS-610、
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000006
RS-610中的任意一种或多种。
所述硫酸盐类阴离子乳化剂可包括乙氧基化烷基硫酸盐、烷基硫酸盐和脂肪醇醚硫酸酯盐中的任意一种或多种,较佳地为乙氧基化烷基硫酸钠盐、乙氧基化烷基硫酸铵盐、烷基硫酸钠盐和脂肪醇醚硫酸酯钠盐中的任意一种或多种,例如,
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000007
UB-WX、
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000008
LA40S Z或
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000009
ES3007。
其中,所述非离子乳化剂的种类可为本领域常规,较佳地包括脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚类乳化剂,例如,
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000010
BC-420或
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000011
BC-610。
一些实施例中,所述软单体的重量份数较佳地为130~140份。
当所述软单体为丙烯酸丁酯和丙烯酸异辛酯的混合物时,所述丙烯酸丁酯的重量份数可为100~150份,较佳地为110~135份;所述丙烯酸异辛酯的重量份数可为10~30份,较佳地为20~30份。
当所述软单体为丙烯酸丁酯时,所述丙烯酸丁酯的重量份数可为100~150份,较佳地为110~135份。
一些实施例中,所述硬单体的重量份数较佳地为30~40份。
当所述硬单体为甲基丙烯酸甲酯和甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯的混合物时,所述甲基丙烯酸甲酯的重量份数可为20~50份,较佳地为20~30份;所述甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯的重量份数可为10~20份。
当所述硬单体为甲基丙烯酸甲酯时,所述甲基丙烯酸甲酯的重量份数可为20~50份,较佳地为20~30份。
一些实施例中,所述亲水单体的重量份数较佳地为2.5~4.5份。
当所述亲水单体为丙烯酰胺和丙烯酸时,所述丙烯酰胺的重量份数可为0.5~1.5份,较佳地为0.5~1份;所述丙烯酸的重量份数可为2~5份,较佳地为2~3.5份。
一些实施例中,所述硅烷偶联剂的重量份数较佳地为0.5~0.7份。
一些实施例中,所述氧化剂A的重量份数较佳地为0.3~0.8份。
一些实施例中,所述还原剂A的重量份数较佳地为0.3~0.8份。
一些实施例中,所述乳化剂的重量份数较佳地为3~14.3份,更佳地为6~7份。
一些实施例中,所述纯丙乳液的原料组合物中还可进一步包括水。
其中,所述水的重量份数可为本领域常规,较佳地为150~180份,更佳地为160~180份。
本发明还提供一种纯丙乳液的制备方法,所述纯丙乳液的原料包括如上所述的纯丙乳液的原料组合物,具体包括如下步骤:
(1)部分所述乳化剂和水的混合物与所述硬单体、所述软单体、所述亲水单体和所述硅烷偶联剂混合,制得单体乳化液;
(2)在惰性气氛下,剩余部分所述乳化剂和水混合,在温度为55~65℃的条件下,加入部分所述单体乳化液、部分所述氧化剂A和部分所述还原剂A,再滴加剩余部分所述单体乳化液、剩余部分所述氧化剂A和剩余部分所述还原剂A,进行保温反应,制得物料A;
(3)所述物料A与所述氧化剂B和所述还原剂B经混合反应,二次保温反应,调节体系的pH值至7~9,即可。
步骤(1)中,部分所述乳化剂和所述水的重量份数比可为1:(8~20),较佳地为1:(8~10)。
步骤(1)中,部分所述乳化剂和所述水的混合物的制备方法可为本领域常规,一般可包括如下步骤:部分所述乳化剂和所述水经混合,即可。
其中,所述混合的时间可为本领域该类操作常规的时间,一般可为 15~40min。
步骤(1)中,所述混合的时间可为本领域该类操作常规的时间,一般可使体系完全乳化即可,较佳地为30min以上,更佳地为30~40min。
步骤(1)中,部分所述乳化剂占所述乳化剂的质量百分比可为60%~90%,较佳地为85.7%~90%。按照本领域常规,剩余部分所述乳化剂占所述乳化剂的质量百分比与部分所述乳化剂占所述乳化剂的质量百分比之和为100%。
步骤(2)中,所述惰性气氛可为本领域技术人员常规认为的不与原料发生化学反应的惰性气氛,一般可为氮气。
步骤(2)中,剩余部分所述乳化剂和所述水的重量份数比可为本领域常规,一般可为1:(70~100),较佳地为1:(70~83)。
步骤(2)中,剩余部分所述乳化剂和水的混合物的制备方法可为本领域常规,一般可为剩余部分所述乳化剂和所述水经混合,即可。
其中,所述混合的时间可为本领域该类操作常规的时间,较佳地为5~10min。
步骤(2)中,部分所述单体乳化液占所述单体乳化液的质量百分比可为4%~8%,较佳地为5%~8%。按照本领域常规,剩余部分所述单体乳化液占所述单体乳化液的质量百分比与部分所述单体乳化液占所述单体乳化液的质量百分比之和为100%。
步骤(2)中,部分所述氧化剂A占所述氧化剂A的质量百分比可为5%~20%,较佳地为10%~20%。按照本领域常规,剩余部分所述氧化剂A占所述氧化剂A的质量百分比与部分所述氧化剂A占所述氧化剂A的质量百分比之和为100%。
步骤(2)中,部分所述还原剂A占所述还原剂A的质量百分比可为5%~20%,较佳地为10%~20%。按照本领域常规,剩余部分所述还原剂A占所述还原剂A的质量百分比与部分所述还原剂A占所述还原剂A的质量百分比之和为100%。
步骤(2)中,部分所述氧化剂A和/或剩余部分所述氧化剂A可按照本领域常规以氧化剂A水溶液的形式加入。
其中,所述氧化剂A水溶液中,所述氧化剂A与水的重量份数比可为1:(35~100),较佳地为1:(40~83)。
步骤(2)中,部分所述还原剂A和/或剩余部分所述还原剂A可按照本领域常规以还原剂A水溶液的形式加入。
其中,所述还原剂A水溶液中,所述还原剂A与水的重量份数比可为1:(35~100),较佳地为1:(40~83)。
步骤(2)中,所述加入的时间可为本领域常规,一般可为5~10min。
步骤(2)中,剩余部分所述单体乳化液、剩余部分所述氧化剂A和剩余部分所述还原剂A的滴加时间可为本领域常规,一般可为3~4h。
一较佳实施例中,剩余部分所述氧化剂A和剩余部分所述还原剂A的滴加时间可比剩余部分所述单体乳化液的滴加时间长5~10min。
步骤(2)中,所述保温反应的时间可为本领域该类操作常规的时间,较佳地为20~40min,更佳地为30min。
步骤(2)中,所述保温反应的温度可为55~65℃,较佳地为60~65℃。
步骤(3)中,所述混合反应的温度可为本领域该类操作常规的温度,较佳地为50~60℃,更佳地为55~60℃。
步骤(3)中,所述氧化剂B可按照本领域常规以氧化剂B水溶液的形式添加。
其中,所述氧化剂B水溶液中,所述氧化剂B与水的重量份数比可为1:(40~70),较佳地为1:50。
其中,所述氧化剂B水溶液的添加方式可为滴加。所述氧化剂B水溶液的滴加时间可为1~2h,较佳地为1.5h。
步骤(3)中,所述还原剂B可按照本领域常规以还原剂B水溶液的形式添加。
其中,所述还原剂B水溶液中,所述还原剂B与水的重量份数比可为1:(40~70),较佳地为1:50。
其中,所述还原剂B水溶液的添加方式可为滴加。所述还原剂B水溶液的滴加时间可为1~2h,较佳地为1.5h。
步骤(3)中,所述二次保温反应的温度可为本领域该类操作常规的温度,较佳地为50~60℃,更佳地为55℃。
步骤(3)中,所述二次保温反应的时间可为本领域该类操作常规的时间,较佳地为1h。
步骤(3)中,所述二次保温反应结束后还可进一步包括降温的操作,一般降温至45℃以下。
步骤(3)中,按照本领域常规,一般可采用添加pH调节剂的方法调节体系的pH值至7~9。
其中,所述pH调节剂可为本领域常规使用的碱性pH调节剂,较佳地为氨水和/或氢氧化钠溶液。
步骤(3)中,所述调节体系的pH值至7~9后,还可进一步包括过滤,收集滤液的操作。
本发明还提供一种纯丙乳液,其由如上所述的纯丙乳液的制备方法制得。
本发明还提供一种如上所述的纯丙乳液作为基料在制备涂料中的应用。
本发明所用试剂和原料均市售可得。
本发明的积极进步效果在于:本发明所提供的纯丙乳液生产过程中不引入丙烯腈这种2B类致癌物质,生产过程更环保安全。本发明采用低温氧化还原聚合工艺制备的纯丙乳液中,聚合物分子量远高于常规高温热引发法制得的纯丙乳液,且断裂伸长率和拉伸强度明显比常规高温热引发法制得的纯丙乳液要高。本发明整个聚合反应在55~65℃条件下进行,聚合反应体系条件温和,降低能耗的同时也保证了工艺的稳定性。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明,但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,按照常规方法和条件,或按照商品说明书选择。
实施例1
一种纯丙乳液,其原料组合物包括如下重量份数的各组分,见表1;
表1
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000012
纯丙乳液的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将部分乳化剂5.4份和水50份充分搅拌混合15min后,加入丙烯酸丁酯135份,甲基丙烯酸甲酯30份,丙烯酸3.5份,丙烯酰胺1份,硅烷偶联剂0.5份继续搅拌乳化30分钟以上,得到稳定的单体乳化液备用;
(2)氧化剂A溶液的制备:将0.3份氧化剂A溶解于25份水中,搅拌至完全溶解待用;
还原剂A溶液的制备:将0.3份还原剂A溶解于25份水中,搅拌至完全溶解待用,使用前半小时现配现用;
反应釜底料液A的制备:向带有搅拌器、冷凝器、蠕动泵、氮气管路的聚合釜中,加入去离子水50份和剩余部分乳化剂0.6份,混合5min,升温至釜内温度至55~60℃,并且通入氮气作为保护气体;
当反应釜升温至55~60℃时,向反应釜中加入5wt%的单体乳化液,部分氧化剂A溶液(10wt%)和部分还原剂A溶液(10wt%),混合8分钟后,开始滴加剩余部分单体乳化液(95wt%)、剩余部分氧化剂A溶液(90wt%)、剩余部分还原剂A溶液(90wt%),滴加时间控制在4h;剩余部分氧化剂A溶液与剩余部分还原剂A溶液比剩余部分单体乳化液晚10min滴加结束;滴加结束后,在55~60℃条件下保温30min,降温至55℃,制得物料A;
(3)对物料A进行后处理,将0.1份氧化剂B(叔丁基过氧化氢)和0.1份的还原剂B(
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000013
FF6M)分别溶解于5份水中,同时滴加1.5h,滴加结束后,在55℃条件下进行二次保温1h,降温至45℃以下,加氨水调节体系的pH值至7-9,过滤,即得纯丙乳液。
实施例2
一种纯丙乳液,其原料组合物包括如下重量份数的各组分,见表2;
表2
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000015
纯丙乳液的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将部分乳化剂6份和水50份充分搅拌混合15min后,加入甲基丙烯酸甲酯20份,甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯20份,丙烯酸丁酯135份,丙烯酸2份,丙烯酰胺0.5份,硅烷偶联剂1份继续搅拌乳化30分钟以上,得到稳定的单体乳化液备用;
(2)氧化剂A溶液的制备:将0.7份氧化剂A溶解于25份水中,搅拌至完全溶解待用;
还原剂A溶液的制备:将0.7份还原剂A溶解于25份水中,搅拌至完全溶解待用,使用前半小时现配现用;
反应釜底料液A的制备:向带有搅拌器、冷凝器、蠕动泵、氮气管路的聚合釜中,加入去离子水70份和剩余部分乳化剂1份,混合5min,升温至釜内温度至60~65℃,并且通入氮气作为保护气体;
当反应釜升温至60~65℃时,向反应釜中加入5wt%的单体乳化液,部分氧化剂A溶液(10wt%)和部分还原剂A溶液(10wt%),混合8分钟后,开始滴加剩余部分单体乳化液(95wt%)、剩余部分氧化剂A溶液(90wt%)、剩余部分还原剂A溶液(90wt%),滴加时间控制在4h;剩余部分氧化剂A溶液与剩余部分还原剂A溶液比剩余部分单体乳化液晚10min滴加结束;滴加结束后,在55~60℃条件下保温30min,降温至55℃,制得物料A;
(3)对物料A进行后处理,将0.1份氧化剂B(叔丁基过氧化氢)和0.1份的还原剂B(
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000016
FF6M)分别溶解于5份水中同时滴加1.5h, 滴加结束后,在55℃条件下进行二次保温1h,降温至45℃以下,加氨水调节体系的pH值至7~9,过滤,即得纯丙乳液。
实施例3
一种纯丙乳液,其原料组合物包括如下重量份数的各组分,见表3;
表3
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000017
纯丙乳液的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将部分乳化剂6份和水50份充分搅拌混合15min后,加入甲基丙烯酸甲酯20份,甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯20份,丙烯酸丁酯110份,丙烯酸异辛酯20份,丙烯酸2份,丙烯酰胺0.5份,硅烷偶联剂0.7份继续搅拌乳化30分钟以上,得到稳定的单体乳化液备用;
(2)氧化剂A溶液的制备:将0.7份氧化剂A溶解于25份水中,搅拌至完全溶解待用;
还原剂A溶液的制备:将0.7份还原剂A溶解于25份水中,搅拌至完全溶解待用,使用前半小时现配现用;
反应釜底料液A的制备:向带有搅拌器、冷凝器、蠕动泵、氮气管路的聚合釜中,加入去离子水70份和剩余部分乳化剂1份,混合5min,升温至釜内温度至60~65℃,并且通入氮气作为保护气体;
当反应釜升温至60~65℃时,向反应釜中加入5wt%的单体乳化液,部分氧化剂A溶液(10wt%)和部分还原剂A溶液(10wt%),混合8分钟后,开始滴加剩余部分单体乳化液(95wt%)、剩余部分氧化剂A溶液(90wt%)、剩余部分还原剂A溶液(90wt%),滴加时间控制在4h;剩余部分氧化剂A溶液与剩余部分还原剂A溶液比剩余部分单体乳化液晚10min滴加结束;滴加结束后,在55~60℃条件下保温30min,降温至55℃,进行后处理,制得物料A;
(3)对物料A将0.1份氧化剂B(叔丁基过氧化氢)和0.1份的还原剂B(
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000018
FF6M)分别溶解于5份水中同时滴加1.5h,滴加结束后,在55℃条件下进行二次保温1h,降温至45℃以下,加氨水调节体系的pH值至7~9,过滤,即得纯丙乳液。
对比例1
一种纯丙乳液,其原料组合物包括如下重量份数的各组分,见表4;
表4
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000020
纯丙乳液的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将部分乳化剂5.4份和水50份充分搅拌混合15min后,加入丙烯酸丁酯135份,甲基丙烯酸甲酯30份,丙烯酸3.5份,丙烯酰胺1份,硅烷偶联剂0.5份继续搅拌乳化30分钟以上,得到稳定的单体乳化液备用;
(2)氧化剂A溶液的制备:将0.3份氧化剂A溶解于25份水中,搅拌至完全溶解待用;
还原剂A溶液的制备:将0.3份还原剂A溶解于25份水中,搅拌至完全溶解待用,使用前半小时现配现用;
反应釜底料液A的制备:向带有搅拌器、冷凝器、蠕动泵、氮气管路的聚合釜中,加入去离子水50份和剩余部分乳化剂0.6份,升温至釜内温度至80~85℃,并且通入氮气作为保护气体;
当反应釜升温至80~85℃时,向反应釜中加入5wt%的单体乳化液,部分氧化剂A溶液(10wt%)、部分还原剂A溶液(10wt%),混合8分钟后,开始滴加剩余部分单体乳化液(95wt%)、剩余部分氧化剂A溶液(90wt%)、剩余部分还原剂A溶液(90wt%),滴加时间控制在4h;剩余部分氧化剂A溶 液、还原剂A溶液比剩余部分单体乳化液晚10min滴加结束;滴加结束后,制得物料A;
(3)对物料A在80~85℃条件下保温30min,降温至55℃,进行后处理,将0.1份氧化剂B(叔丁基过氧化氢)和0.1份的还原剂B(
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000021
FF6M)分别溶解于5份水中同时滴加1.5h,滴加结束后,在55℃条件下进行二次保温1h,降温至45℃以下,加氨水调节体系的pH值至7~9,过滤,即得纯丙乳液。
对比例2
与实施例1相比,区别仅在于纯丙乳液的原料组合物中组分的用量有所差异,具体见表5,其他条件参数同实施例1。
表5
Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-000022
效果实施例1
按《JG/T 172-2014弹性建筑涂料》中的规定进行外墙弹性涂料断裂伸长率和拉伸强度的测试方法,测试上述实施例1~3和对比例1~2制得纯丙乳液在室温和-10℃条件下的断裂伸长率和拉伸强度,结果见表6。
表6
  实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 对比例1 对比例2
断裂伸长率 350% 400% 450% 180% 80%
-10℃条件下断裂伸长率 95% 110% 130% 30% 10%
拉伸强度 3.0MPa 2.8MPa 2.7MPa 1.5MPa 4.5MPa
结果表明,与对比例1~2制得的产品相比,实施例1~3制得的纯丙乳液的断裂伸长率、拉伸强度和耐寒性能均显著增强,力学性能优异。
最后,还需要说明的是,在本发明中术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。
尽管上面已经通过本公开的具体实施例的描述对本公开进行了披露,但是,应该理解,本领域技术人员可在所附方案的精神和范围内设计对本公开的各种修改、改进或者等同物。这些修改、改进或者等同物也应当被认为包括在本公开所要求保护的范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种纯丙乳液的原料组合物,其特征在于,其包括如下重量份数的各组分;110~180份软单体、30~80份硬单体、2~6份亲水单体、0.2~1份硅烷偶联剂、0.2~0.9份氧化剂A、0.1~0.3份氧化剂B、0.2~0.9份还原剂A、0.1~0.3份还原剂B和3~15份乳化剂;
    其中,所述软单体包括丙烯酸酯类软单体;所述硬单体包括甲基丙烯酸酯类硬单体,不包括丙烯腈。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的纯丙乳液的原料组合物,其特征在于,所述丙烯酸酯类软单体包括丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异辛酯、丙烯酸正辛酯、丙烯酸乙酯和甲基丙烯酸十二烷酯中的一种或多种,较佳地为丙烯酸丁酯和丙烯酸异辛酯的混合物或丙烯酸丁酯;
    和/或,所述甲基丙烯酸酯类硬单体包括甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯和甲基丙烯酸环己酯中的一种或多种,较佳为甲基丙烯酸甲酯和甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯的混合物或甲基丙烯酸甲酯;
    和/或,所述硬单体还进一步包括醋酸乙烯酯;
    和/或,所述亲水单体包括丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸中的任意一种或多种,较佳地为丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺的混合物;
    和/或,所述硅烷偶联剂包括乙烯基硅烷偶联剂和/或环氧硅烷偶联剂,较佳地为乙烯基硅烷偶联剂和环氧硅烷偶联剂;
    和/或,所述氧化剂A包括过硫酸盐和/或过氧化物;较佳地,所述过硫酸盐包括过硫酸钠、过硫酸铵和过硫酸钾中的任意一种或多种,更佳地为过硫酸铵;较佳地,所述过氧化物包括双氧水、叔丁基过氧化氢和异丙苯过氧化氢中的任意一种或多种,更佳地为叔丁基过氧化氢;
    和/或,所述氧化剂B包括过氧化物氧化剂,较佳地包括叔丁基过氧化氢、双氧水和异丙苯过氧化氢中的一种或多种,更佳地包括叔丁基过氧化氢 和/或双氧水;
    和/或,所述还原剂A包括
    Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-100001
    FF6M、异抗坏血酸、抗坏血酸和焦亚硫酸盐中的任意一种或多种,较佳地为异抗坏血酸或
    Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-100002
    FF6M;较佳地,所述焦亚硫酸盐包括焦亚硫酸钠;
    和/或,所述还原剂B为异抗坏血酸和/或
    Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-100003
    FF6M;
    和/或,所述乳化剂包括阴离子乳化剂和非离子乳化剂。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的纯丙乳液的原料组合物,其特征在于,所述乙烯基硅烷偶联剂包括乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷,例如,美国联碳公司生产的型号为A171的硅烷偶联剂;
    和/或,所述环氧硅烷偶联剂包括γ-缩水甘油醚丙基三甲氧基硅烷,例如,美国迈图生产的型号为A187的硅烷偶联剂;
    和/或,所述阴离子乳化剂与所述非离子乳化剂的重量份数比为(1~3):1,较佳地为(1.3~2);1;
    和/或,所述阴离子乳化剂包括磷酸酯类阴离子乳化剂和/或硫酸盐类阴离子乳化剂;较佳地,所述磷酸酯类阴离子乳化剂包括脂肪磷酸酯,更佳地包括
    Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-100004
    RS-410、
    Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-100005
    RS-610、
    Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-100006
    RS-610中的任意一种或多种;较佳地,所述硫酸盐类阴离子乳化剂包括乙氧基化烷基硫酸盐、烷基硫酸盐和脂肪醇醚硫酸酯盐中的任意一种或多种,更佳地为乙氧基化烷基硫酸钠盐、乙氧基化烷基硫酸铵盐、烷基硫酸钠盐和脂肪醇醚硫酸酯钠盐中的任意一种或多种,例如,
    Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-100007
    UB-WX、
    Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-100008
    LA40S Z或
    Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-100009
    ES3007;
    和/或,所述非离子乳化剂包括脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚类乳化剂,例如,
    Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-100010
    BC-420或
    Figure PCTCN2022089472-appb-100011
    BC-610。
  4. 如权利要求1~3中任意一项所述的纯丙乳液的原料组合物,其特征在于,所述软单体的重量份数为130~140份;
    和/或,当所述软单体为丙烯酸丁酯和丙烯酸异辛酯的混合物时,所述丙 烯酸丁酯的重量份数为100~150份,较佳地为110~135份;所述丙烯酸异辛酯的重量份数为10~30份,较佳地为20~30份;
    和/或,当所述软单体为丙烯酸丁酯时,所述丙烯酸丁酯的重量份数为100~150份,较佳地为110~135份;
    和/或,所述硬单体的重量份数为30~40份;
    和/或,当所述硬单体为甲基丙烯酸甲酯和甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯的混合物时,所述甲基丙烯酸甲酯的重量份数为20~50份,较佳地为20~30份;所述甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯的重量份数为10~20份;
    和/或,当所述硬单体为甲基丙烯酸甲酯时,所述甲基丙烯酸甲酯的重量份数为20~50份,较佳地为20~30份;
    和/或,所述亲水单体的重量份数为2.5~4.5份;
    和/或,当所述亲水单体为丙烯酰胺和丙烯酸时,所述丙烯酰胺的重量份数为0.5~1.5份,较佳地为0.5~1份;所述丙烯酸的重量份数为2~5份,较佳地为2~3.5份;
    和/或,所述硅烷偶联剂的重量份数为0.5~0.7份;
    和/或,所述氧化剂A的重量份数为0.3~0.8份;
    和/或,所述还原剂A的重量份数为0.3~0.8份;
    和/或,所述乳化剂的重量份数为3~14.3份,较佳地为6~7份;
    和/或,所述纯丙乳液的原料组合物中还进一步包括水;较佳地,所述水的重量份数为150~180份,更佳地为160~180份。
  5. 一种纯丙乳液的制备方法,其特征在于,所述纯丙乳液的原料包括如权利要求1~4中任意一项所述的纯丙乳液的原料组合物,具体包括如下步骤:
    (1)部分所述乳化剂和水的混合物与所述硬单体、所述软单体、所述亲水单体和所述硅烷偶联剂混合,制得单体乳化液;
    (2)在惰性气氛下,剩余部分所述乳化剂和水混合,在温度为55~65℃的条件下,加入部分所述单体乳化液、部分所述氧化剂A和部分所述还原剂 A,再滴加剩余部分所述单体乳化液、剩余部分所述氧化剂A和剩余部分所述还原剂A,进行保温反应,制得物料A;
    (3)所述物料A与所述氧化剂B和所述还原剂B经混合反应,二次保温反应,调节体系的pH值至7~9,即可。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的纯丙乳液的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,部分所述乳化剂和所述水的重量份数比为1:(8~20),较佳地为1:(8~10);
    和/或,步骤(1)中,部分所述乳化剂和所述水的混合物的制备方法包括如下步骤:部分所述乳化剂和所述水经混合,即可;所述混合的时间较佳地为15~40min;
    和/或,步骤(1)中,所述混合的时间为30min以上,较佳地为30~40min;
    和/或,步骤(1)中,部分所述乳化剂占所述乳化剂的质量百分比为60%~90%,较佳地为85.7%~90%。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的纯丙乳液的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述惰性气氛为氮气;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,剩余部分所述乳化剂和所述水的重量份数比为1:(70~100),较佳地为1:(70~83);
    和/或,步骤(2)中,剩余部分所述乳化剂和水的混合物的制备方法为剩余部分所述乳化剂和所述水经混合,即可;所述混合的时间较佳地为5~10min;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,部分所述单体乳化液占所述单体乳化液的质量百分比为4%~8%,较佳地为5%~8%;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,部分所述氧化剂A占所述氧化剂A的质量百分比为5%~20%,较佳地为10%~20%;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,部分所述还原剂A占所述还原剂A的质量百分比为5%~20%,较佳地为10%~20%;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,部分所述氧化剂A和/或剩余部分所述氧化剂A 以氧化剂A水溶液的形式加入;较佳地,所述氧化剂A水溶液中,所述氧化剂A与水的重量份数比为1:(35~100),更佳地为1:(40~83);
    和/或,步骤(2)中,部分所述还原剂A和/或剩余部分所述还原剂A以还原剂A水溶液的形式加入;较佳地,所述还原剂A水溶液中,所述还原剂A与水的重量份数比为1:(35~100),更佳地为1:(40~83);
    和/或,步骤(2)中,所述加入的时间为5~10min;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,剩余部分所述单体乳化液、剩余部分所述氧化剂A和剩余部分所述还原剂A的滴加时间为3~4h;较佳地,剩余部分所述氧化剂A和剩余部分所述还原剂A的滴加时间比剩余部分所述单体乳化液的滴加时间长5~10min;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,所述保温反应的时间为20~40min,较佳地为30min;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,所述保温反应的温度为55~65℃,较佳地为60~65℃。
  8. 如权利要求5~7中任意一项所述的纯丙乳液的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述混合反应的温度为50~60℃,较佳地为55~60℃;
    和/或,步骤(3)中,所述氧化剂B以氧化剂B水溶液的形式添加;较佳地,所述氧化剂B水溶液中,所述氧化剂B与水的重量份数比为1:(40~70),更佳地为1:50;较佳地,所述氧化剂B水溶液的添加方式为滴加,所述氧化剂B水溶液的滴加时间为1~2h,更佳地为1.5h;
    和/或,步骤(3)中,所述还原剂B以还原剂B水溶液的形式添加;较佳地,所述还原剂B水溶液中,所述还原剂B与所述水的重量份数比为1:(40~70),更佳地为1:50;较佳地,所述还原剂B水溶液的添加方式为滴加,所述还原剂B水溶液的滴加时间为1~2h,更佳地为1.5h;
    和/或,步骤(3)中,所述二次保温反应的温度为50~60℃,较佳地为55℃;
    和/或,步骤(3)中,所述二次保温反应的时间为1h;
    和/或,步骤(3)中,所述二次保温反应结束后还进一步包括降温的操 作,降温至45℃以下;
    和/或,步骤(3)中,采用添加pH调节剂的方法调节体系的pH值至7~9;较佳地,所述pH调节剂为氨水和/或氢氧化钠溶液;
    和/或,步骤(3)中,所述调节体系的pH值至7~9后,还进一步包括过滤,收集滤液的操作。
  9. 一种纯丙乳液,其特征在于,其由如权利要求5~8中任意一项所述的纯丙乳液的制备方法制得。
  10. 一种如权利要求9所述的纯丙乳液作为基料在制备涂料中的应用。
PCT/CN2022/089472 2021-10-27 2022-04-27 一种纯丙乳液,其原料组合物及其制备方法和应用 WO2023071103A1 (zh)

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