WO2023063764A1 - 세퍼레이터 및 이를 포함하는 전기화학소자 - Google Patents
세퍼레이터 및 이를 포함하는 전기화학소자 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023063764A1 WO2023063764A1 PCT/KR2022/015552 KR2022015552W WO2023063764A1 WO 2023063764 A1 WO2023063764 A1 WO 2023063764A1 KR 2022015552 W KR2022015552 W KR 2022015552W WO 2023063764 A1 WO2023063764 A1 WO 2023063764A1
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- Prior art keywords
- coating layer
- separator
- binder
- particles
- porous coating
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/52—Separators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/451—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising layers of only organic material and layers containing inorganic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/417—Polyolefins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/42—Acrylic resins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/443—Particulate material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/446—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/457—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
- H01M50/491—Porosity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention claims the benefits of the filing date of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2021-0137928 filed with the Korean Intellectual Property Office on October 15, 2021, all of which are included in the present invention.
- the present invention relates to a separator with improved dry adhesion and wet adhesion that can be used in an electrochemical device such as a lithium secondary battery, and an electrochemical device including the same.
- Electrochemical devices are the field that is attracting the most attention in this respect, and among them, the development of secondary batteries capable of charging and discharging has become the focus of attention. and battery design research and development.
- the lithium secondary battery developed in the early 1990s has the advantage of higher operating voltage and significantly higher energy density than conventional batteries such as Ni-MH, Ni-Cd, and sulfuric acid-lead batteries using aqueous electrolytes. is gaining popularity as
- Electrochemical devices such as lithium secondary batteries are produced by many companies, but their safety characteristics show different aspects. Safety evaluation and safety assurance of these electrochemical devices are very important. The most important consideration is that the electrochemical device should not injure a user when it malfunctions, and for this purpose, safety standards strictly regulate ignition and smoke in the electrochemical device. Regarding the safety characteristics of the electrochemical device, when the electrochemical device is overheated and thermal runaway occurs or the separator is penetrated, there is a high risk of causing an explosion. In particular, polyolefin-based porous polymer substrates commonly used as separators for electrochemical devices exhibit extreme heat shrinkage behavior at a temperature of 100 or higher due to material properties and manufacturing process characteristics including elongation, resulting in short circuit between cathode and anode. caused
- a porous organic-inorganic coating layer is formed by coating a mixture of an excessive amount of inorganic particles and a binder polymer on at least one surface of a porous polymer substrate having a plurality of pores.
- a separator has been proposed. .
- the inorganic particles in the coating layer serve as a kind of spacer capable of maintaining the physical shape of the separator, shrinkage of the porous substrate when exposed to high temperatures is suppressed, preventing direct contact between the cathode and the anode. It can be prevented.
- An object to be solved by the present invention is to provide an excellent separator for an electrochemical device in which dry adhesion and wet adhesion to electrodes are improved and resistance increase width after electrode lamination is reduced.
- Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrochemical device having the separator.
- One aspect of the present invention provides a separator for an electrochemical device according to the following embodiments.
- porous polymer substrate Located on one surface of the porous polymer substrate, comprising a plurality of first inorganic particles, a first binder particle located on some or all of the surface of the first inorganic particles to connect and fix the first inorganic particles A first porous coating layer;
- a plurality of second inorganic particles, and a second binder particle located on some or all of the surface of the second inorganic particles to connect and fix the second inorganic particles A second porous coating layer;
- the separator is characterized in that the average diameter of the second binder particles is 10 times or more larger than the average diameter of the first binder particles.
- the average diameter of the second binder particles may be 10 to 30 times greater than the average diameter of the first binder particles.
- the first binder particles and the second binder particles may each independently be an aqueous binder polymer.
- the first binder particles and the second binder particles may each independently be a polyacrylic polymer, a polyurethane polymer, polyvinyl acetate, or two or more of these.
- the average diameter of the first binder particles may be 0.5 ⁇ m or less, and the average diameter of the second binder particles may be 5 ⁇ m or more.
- a slurry for a first porous coating layer comprising a plurality of first inorganic particles, a first binder particle, and a first dispersion medium
- a second porous slurry comprising a plurality of second inorganic particles, a second binder polymer particle, and a second dispersion medium preparing a slurry for a coating layer
- the method for manufacturing a separator is provided, wherein the average diameter of the second binder particles is 10 times or more larger than the average diameter of the first binder particles.
- the viscosity of the slurry for the first porous coating layer may be 15 cp or less.
- the viscosity of the slurry for the second porous coating layer may be 15 cp or less.
- the slurry for the second porous coating layer including the second binder particles and the second dispersion medium may be mixed for two or more turns.
- An electrochemical device comprising a cathode, an anode, and a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode, wherein the separator is the separator of any one of the first to fifth embodiments Provided.
- the electrochemical device may be a lithium secondary battery.
- a second porous coating layer of the separator may face the anode.
- the porous coating layer located on both sides of the separator by configuring the porous coating layer located on both sides of the separator with a different structure, when the separator is laminated with an electrode, dry adhesion and wet adhesion may be improved.
- a first porous coating layer and a second porous coating layer are located on both sides of the separator, respectively, and the average diameter of the second binder particles included in the second porous coating layer is that of the first binder particles included in the first porous coating layer.
- connection implies not only a physical connection but also an electrochemical connection.
- a separator for an electrochemical device according to an aspect of the present invention
- porous polymer substrate Located on one surface of the porous polymer substrate, comprising a plurality of first inorganic particles, a first binder particle located on some or all of the surface of the first inorganic particles to connect and fix the first inorganic particles A first porous coating layer;
- a plurality of second inorganic particles, and a second binder particle located on some or all of the surface of the second inorganic particles to connect and fix the second inorganic particles A second porous coating layer;
- the average diameter of the second binder particles is greater than 10 times greater than the average diameter of the first binder particles.
- the term 'average diameter' of the present invention refers to the average particle diameter (D50) of the first binder particles, the second binder particles, or the first inorganic particles and the second inorganic particles, and is a particle diameter at 50% of the particle diameter distribution.
- D50 average particle diameter
- the average diameter and particle diameter may be measured using a laser diffraction method.
- the laser diffraction method is generally capable of measuring particle diameters of the order of several nanometers in the submicron region, and can obtain results with high reproducibility and high resolution.
- the average diameter of the second binder particles is 10 times larger than the average diameter of the first binder particles, and according to an embodiment of the present invention, the average diameter of the second binder particles is 10 times larger than the average diameter of the first binder particles. to 30 times, or 10 to 20 times larger.
- the adhesive force between the separator and the electrode means the force required to separate the separator and the electrode from each other in a mixed state, and at this time, the measured adhesive force in the state before the separator and the electrode are mixed and immersed in the electrolyte It is defined as (Dry) adhesive force, and the adhesive force measured after the separator and the electrode are mixed and immersed in the electrolyte is defined as the wet adhesive force. Since the electrode assembly in which the separator and the electrode are mixed is built into a battery case and then injected into the electrolyte to manufacture a final battery, the adhesive strength between the separator and the electrode needs to be sufficiently maintained even when immersed in the electrolyte.
- the adhesive strength of the separator is lowered in a wet state, but the second binder particles having a large average diameter
- the second porous coating layer including a second binder particle can be controlled to have a larger average diameter than the second inorganic particle, it is possible to prevent soaking between the second inorganic particles.
- the first porous coating layer and the second porous coating layer are respectively located on both sides of the separator, and the average diameter of the second binder particles included in the second porous coating layer is the first porous coating layer included in the first porous coating layer.
- the dry adhesion is prepared by cutting a separator and an electrode (cathode or anode) to a size of 25 mm ⁇ 100 mm, overlapping the prepared separator and electrode with each other, and then sandwiching a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m. Then, using a flat press, heat and press for 1 second at a pressure of 6.5 MPa at 60 ° C.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the adhered separator and electrode to the slide glass using double-sided tape, and then attach the distal end of the adhesive surface of the separator ( 10 mm or less from the end of the adhesive surface) and attach it using 25mm ⁇ 100mm PET film and single-sided adhesive tape so that the length direction is connected, and then, after mounting the slide glass on the lower holder of the UTM device (LLOYD Instrument LF Plus), UTM In the upper holder of the equipment, the PET film attached to the separator is mounted, and force is applied at 180° at a measurement speed of 300 mm/min to measure the force required to separate the electrode and the porous coating layer opposite to the electrode.
- UTM device LLOYD Instrument LF Plus
- the wet adhesion is to prepare an electrode assembly by interposing a separator between the cathode and anode, embed it in a battery pouch case, inject an electrolyte solution to manufacture a battery, and then subject the battery to an activation process.
- the battery After taking the electrode assembly out of the pouch and mounting it on UTM equipment (LLOYD Instrument LF PLUS), peel strength can be measured when the interface between the anode and the separator is peeled 180 degrees at a speed of 300 mm/min.
- the battery activation process may be performed by initially charging the battery with an SOC of 10 to 50% and leaving it at a temperature of 40 to 80 ° C. for 12 to 48 hours.
- room temperature aging may be performed for a certain period of time after the initial charging and before high temperature aging.
- the aging at room temperature may be performed, for example, by leaving the initially charged battery at room temperature for 1 to 6 days.
- the electrolyte solution may be sufficiently wetted in the electrode and the separator.
- the dry adhesion may be 30 gf / 25 mm or more, or 50 gf / 25 mm or more, or 35 to 50 gf / 25 mm, and the wet adhesion may be 5 gf / 25 mm or more, or 10 gf / 25 mm or more, or 7 to 10 gf/25 mm.
- the average diameter of the first binder particles may be 0.5 ⁇ m or less, or 0.3 to 0.5 ⁇ m, and the average diameter of the second binder particles may be 5 ⁇ m or more, or 5 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the first binder particle and the second binder particle may be a water-based binder polymer, wherein the water-based binder polymer means a binder polymer that can be dispersed in water.
- the first binder particles and the second binder particles may each independently be a polyacrylic polymer, a polyurethane polymer, polyvinyl acetate, or two or more of these.
- the first binder particles and the second binder particles are each independently composed of polymethylmethacrylate, polyethylhexyl acrylate, polybutylacrylate, and polyacrylonitrile. ), polyvinyl acetate, a copolymer of butyl acrylate and ethylhexyl acrylate, an ethylene-co-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyarylate, or two or more of these. Yes, but is not limited thereto.
- the first inorganic particle and the second inorganic particle are not particularly limited as long as they are electrochemically stable. That is, the first inorganic particle and the second inorganic particle that can be used in the present invention are those in which oxidation and/or reduction reactions do not occur in the operating voltage range (eg, 0 to 5V based on Li / Li + ) of the electrochemical device to which they are applied. Not particularly limited.
- the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte solution can be improved by contributing to an increase in the degree of dissociation of an electrolyte salt, for example, a lithium salt in the liquid electrolyte.
- the first inorganic particle and the second inorganic particle may be inorganic particles having a dielectric constant of 5 or more, inorganic particles having lithium ion transport capability, and mixtures thereof.
- the inorganic particles having a dielectric constant of 5 or more are Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , ZrO 2 , AlOOH, TiO 2 , BaTiO 3 , Pb(Zr x Ti 1-x )O 3 (PZT, where 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), Pb 1-x La x Zr 1-y Ti y O 3 (PLZT, where 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1), (1-x)Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O from the group consisting of 3-x PbTiO 3 (PMN-PT, where 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), hafnia (HfO 2 ), SrTiO 3 , SnO 2 , CeO 2 , MgO, NiO, CaO, ZnO, ZO 3 and SiC It may be a selected one type or a mixture of two or more types.
- the inorganic particles having the lithium ion transport ability are lithium phosphate (Li 3 PO 4 ), lithium titanium phosphate (Li x Ti y (PO 4 ) 3 , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 3), lithium aluminum titanium phosphate (Li x Al y Ti z (PO 4 ) 3 , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 3), (LiAlTiP) x O y series glass (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 4, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 13), lithium lanthanum titanate (Li x La y TiO 3 , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 3), lithium germanium thiophosphate (Li x Ge y P z S w , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 4 , 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ w ⁇ 5
- the average diameter of the first inorganic particle and the second inorganic particle is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 4 ⁇ m, more preferably 100 to 700 nm, in order to form a porous coating layer of uniform thickness and an appropriate porosity, More preferably, it may be 150 to 600 nm.
- the average diameter of the second binder particles may be larger than the average diameter of the second inorganic particles.
- the second binder particles may be located on the surface of the second porous coating layer obtained by not soaking between the second inorganic particles.
- the second porous coating layer may exhibit excellent characteristics in terms of dry adhesion and wet adhesion to the electrode.
- the weight ratio of the first inorganic particles to the first binder particles and the weight ratio of the second inorganic particles to the second binder particles in each of the first porous coating layer and the second porous coating layer is, for example, 50:50 to 70:30, or 60: It may be 40 to 70:30.
- the weight ratio of the first inorganic particle to the first binder particle and the weight ratio of the second inorganic particle to the second binder particle satisfy the above ranges, respectively, the pore size and porosity of the porous coating layer formed by increasing the content of the binder particle
- the problem of reduction in , and the problem of weakening the peeling resistance of the porous coating layer formed due to the small amount of binder particles can also be solved.
- the first porous coating layer and the second porous coating layer may further include other additives in addition to the aforementioned inorganic particles and binder particles.
- the thickness of the first porous coating layer and the second porous coating layer is not particularly limited, but may be each independently 1 to 10 ⁇ m or 1.5 to 6 ⁇ m, and the pores of the first porous coating layer and the second porous coating layer are also particularly Although not limited, it may be 35 to 65%.
- the first porous coating layer and the second porous coating layer are independently polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (polyvinylidene fluoride-co -hexafluoropropylene), polyvinylidene fluoride-co-trichloroethylene, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, Cyanoethylpullulan, cyanoethylpolyvinylalcohol, cyanoethylcellulose, cyanoethylsucrose, pullulan, carboxyl methyl cellulose etc. may be further included.
- the porous polymer substrate may be a porous polymer film substrate or a porous polymer nonwoven fabric substrate.
- the porous polymer film substrate may be a porous polymer film made of polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene, and the polyolefin porous polymer film substrate exhibits a shutdown function at a temperature of, for example, 80 to 130 °C.
- the polyolefin porous polymer film is obtained by mixing polyolefin-based polymers such as polyethylene such as high-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, and polypentene individually or by mixing two or more of them.
- polyolefin-based polymers such as polyethylene such as high-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, and polypentene individually or by mixing two or more of them.
- porous polymer film substrate may be manufactured by molding into a film shape using various polymers such as polyester in addition to polyolefin.
- the porous polymer film substrate may be formed in a structure in which two or more film layers are laminated, and each film layer may be formed of a polymer such as the above-described polyolefin or polyester alone or a mixture of two or more of them. there is.
- porous polymer film substrate and the porous nonwoven fabric substrate may be made of polyethyleneterephthalate, polybutyleneterephthalate, polyester, polyacetal, polyamide, in addition to the polyolefin as described above.
- polycarbonate, polyimide, polyetheretherketone, polyethersulfone, polyphenyleneoxide, polyphenylenesulfide, polyethylenenaphthalene etc. may be formed of a polymer alone or a mixture thereof.
- the thickness of the porous polymer substrate is not particularly limited, but may be 1 to 100 ⁇ m, or 5 to 50 ⁇ m, and the pore size and porosity present in the porous polymer substrate are also not particularly limited, but are 0.01 to 50 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m, respectively. to 95%.
- a slurry for a first porous coating layer comprising a plurality of first inorganic particles, a first binder particle, and a first dispersion medium, a plurality of second inorganic particles, a second binder polymer particle, and a first 2 preparing a slurry for a second porous coating layer containing a dispersion medium; And coating and drying the slurry for the first porous coating layer on one side of the porous polymer substrate to form a first porous coating layer, and applying and drying the slurry for the second porous coating layer on the other side of the porous polymer substrate to form a second porous coating layer forming; wherein the average diameter of the second binder particles is at least 10 times greater than the average diameter of the first binder particles.
- the slurry for the first porous coating layer is prepared by dispersing the first binder particles and the first inorganic particles in the first dispersion medium
- the slurry for the second porous coating layer is prepared by dispersing the second binder particles and the second inorganic particles in the second dispersion medium
- Non-limiting examples of the first dispersion medium and the second dispersion medium that can be used at this time include water, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, methylene chloride, chloroform, dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, methyl ethyl ketone, and cyclohexane.
- the first inorganic particle, the first binder particle, the second inorganic particle, and the second binder particle refer to the above description.
- the viscosity of the slurry for the first porous coating layer may be 15 cp or less, or 10 to 15 cp.
- the surface migration of the first binder particles can be maximized due to the density difference between the first binder particles and the first inorganic particles, so that the first binder It is advantageous because it can facilitate phase separation between the particles and the first inorganic particles.
- the average diameter of the particles of the second binder is larger than that of the slurry for the first porous coating layer, and as described above, the average diameter of the second binder particles is controlled to be larger than the average diameter of the second inorganic particles Therefore, even if the viscosity of the slurry for the second porous coating layer including a plurality of second inorganic particles, the second binder polymer particles, and the second dispersion medium is high, the second binder particles can be distributed on the surface of the obtained second porous coating layer. Therefore, it is possible to secure dry and wet adhesion between the second porous coating layer and the electrode.
- the viscosity of the slurry for the second porous coating layer may be 15 cp or less, or 10 to 15 cp, the same as the viscosity of the slurry for the first porous coating layer.
- the slurry for the second porous coating layer including the second binder particles and the second dispersion medium may be mixed for 2 turns or more, or 2 to 3 turns.
- one-turn mixing means that the number of times the slurry to be mixed (mixed) is passed through a mixing device such as a bead mill is once.
- the inorganic particles and the binder particles are evenly distributed in the slurry phase, so that the uniformity of the finally obtained second porous coating layer can be improved.
- the slurry for the first porous coating layer is applied and dried on one side of the porous polymer substrate to form a first porous coating layer
- the slurry for the second porous coating layer is applied and dried on the other side of the porous polymer substrate to form a second porous coating layer. form a coating layer.
- a method of applying the slurry for the first porous coating layer and the slurry for the second porous coating layer to the porous polymer substrate is not particularly limited, but a slot coating method or a dip coating method may be used.
- slot coating slurry supplied through a slot die is applied to the entire surface of a substrate, and the thickness of the coating layer can be adjusted according to the flow rate supplied from a metering pump.
- dip coating is a method of coating a substrate by immersing it in a tank containing slurry. The thickness of the coating layer can be adjusted according to the concentration of the slurry and the speed at which the substrate is taken out of the slurry tank. It can be weighed through
- first and second porous coating layers formed on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate are formed.
- the first (second) inorganic particles are charged and bound to each other by the first (second) binder particles in a state of being in contact with each other.
- An interstitial volume may be formed, and the interstitial volume between the inorganic particles may become an empty space to form pores.
- the first (second) binder particles may attach the first (second) inorganic particles to each other so that the first (second) inorganic particles may remain bound to each other, for example, the binder polymer may connect and fix the inorganic particles.
- the pores of the porous coating layer are pores formed by interstitial volumes between inorganic particles becoming empty spaces, which are substantially intersected by inorganic particles in a closed packed or densely packed structure. It can be a space bounded by particles.
- An electrochemical device includes a cathode, an anode, and a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode, and the separator is the separator according to one embodiment of the present invention described above.
- electrochemical devices include all devices that undergo an electrochemical reaction, and specific examples include all types of primary and secondary cells, fuel cells, solar cells, and capacitors such as supercapacitor devices.
- secondary batteries a lithium secondary battery including a lithium metal secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium polymer secondary battery, or a lithium ion polymer secondary battery is preferable.
- the cathode and anode electrodes to be applied together with the separator of the present invention are not particularly limited, and the electrode active material may be prepared in a form bound to an electrode current collector according to a conventional method known in the art.
- the cathode active material among the electrode active materials include conventional cathode active materials that can be used for the cathode of a conventional electrochemical device, and in particular, lithium manganese oxide, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium iron oxide, or a combination thereof. It is preferable to use a lithium composite oxide.
- Non-limiting examples of the anode active material include conventional anode active materials that can be used for the anode of a conventional electrochemical device, in particular lithium metal or lithium alloy, carbon, petroleum coke, activated carbon, Lithium adsorbents such as graphite or other carbons are preferred.
- Non-limiting examples of the cathode current collector include aluminum, nickel, or a foil made of a combination thereof, and non-limiting examples of the anode current collector include copper, gold, nickel, or a copper alloy or a combination thereof. There are foils and the like.
- the electrolyte solution that can be used in the electrochemical device of the present invention is a salt having a structure such as A + B - , wherein A + includes an alkali metal cation such as Li + , Na + , K + or an ion composed of a combination thereof, and B - is PF 6 - , BF 4 - , Cl - , Br - , I - , ClO 4 - , AsF 6 - , CH 3 CO 2 - , CF 3 SO 3 - , N(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 - , C (CF 2 SO 2 ) 3 -
- a salt containing an anion such as or a combination thereof is propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), dipropyl Carbonate (DPC), dimethylsulfoxide, acetonitrile, dimethoxyethane, diethoxyethane, te
- the injection of the electrolyte may be performed at an appropriate stage in the battery manufacturing process according to the manufacturing process and required physical properties of the final product. That is, it may be applied before battery assembly or at the final stage of battery assembly.
- the second porous coating layer of the separator may face the anode.
- the second porous coating layer having second binder particles having a larger average diameter than the first binder particles of the first porous coating layer faces the anode
- the portion lacking in wet adhesion with the anode has an average diameter in the second porous coating layer. It can be improved by using this large second binder particle. That is, as described above, the average diameter of the second binder particles is 10 times or more larger than the average diameter of the first binder particles, and as a result, the average diameter of the second binder particles is the second inorganic particle included in the second porous coating layer.
- the second binder particles do not penetrate between the second inorganic particles and can be located on the surface of the second porous coating layer, so the dry adhesive force and wet adhesive force between the second porous coating layer and the anode are large can be improved
- first inorganic particle alumina having an average diameter (D50) of 500 nm and a density of 6 g/cm 3 was used, and as the first binder particle, polymethyl methacrylate having an average diameter (D50) of 250 nm (solid content: 35% by weight) was used. ) was used.
- First inorganic particles and first binder particles were added to distilled water at a ratio of 80:20, and mixed in a bead mill for one turn to prepare a slurry for a first porous coating layer, and the viscosity of the slurry was 15 cP.
- Alumina having an average diameter (D50) of 500 nm and a density of 6 g/cm 3 was used as the second inorganic particle, and polymethyl methacrylate having an average diameter (D50) of 5 ⁇ m was used as the second binder particle.
- a second inorganic particle and a second binder particle were added to distilled water at a ratio of 80:20 and mixed in a bead mill for 2 turns to prepare a slurry for a second porous coating layer, and the viscosity of the slurry was 15 cP.
- a polyethylene film (PE) having a thickness of 9 ⁇ m was used as the porous polymer substrate.
- the slurry for the first and second porous coating layers was coated on both sides of the polyethylene film using a doctor blade, respectively, and dried using a hot air blower to form a porous coating layer having a coating thickness of 2.5 ⁇ m, resulting in a separator having a total thickness of about 14 ⁇ m. was manufactured.
- a separator was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the first binder particles having an average diameter (D50) of 500 nm were used and the second binder particles had an average diameter (D50) of 5 ⁇ m. .
- a separator was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the first binder particles having an average diameter (D50) of 150 nm were used and the second binder particles had an average diameter (D50) of 2 ⁇ m. .
- a separator was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the first binder particles having an average diameter (D50) of 250 nm were used and the second binder particles had an average diameter (D50) of 1 ⁇ m. .
- a separator was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that those having an average diameter (D50) of 150 nm were used as the first binder particles and those having an average diameter (D50) of 500 nm were used as the second binder particles. .
- Example 1 and Example 1 except that the first inorganic particles, the first binder particles, and the thickener were added to the slurry for the first porous coating layer in a weight ratio of 75:20:5 so that the viscosity of the slurry was 20 cP.
- a separator was prepared in the same manner.
- a separator was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that only 1 turn was mixed in the bead mill when preparing the slurry for the second porous coating layer.
- As an air permeability measurement device Asahi Seiko's EG01-55-1MR model was used.
- the separators prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples were fixed to the upper and lower hollow tips of the air permeability measuring device, and the time required for 100 cc of air to pass through the separator was measured through a set differential pressure applied to the upper and lower tips.
- the negative electrode coated with the carbon-based negative electrode mixture on a copper foil and the separator prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples were each cut to a width of 25 mm and placed so as to overlap each other.
- a sample for electrode adhesion measurement was prepared by pressing this using a hot press equipment under conditions of 60 ° C., 6.5 MPa, and 1 second.
- the positive electrode coated with the positive electrode mixture on aluminum foil and each of the separators prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples were cut to a width of 20 mm, put into a pouch, and a carbonate-based electrolyte solution was injected.
- the pouch was pressed under conditions of 5 kgf, 70 °C, and 4 minutes to prepare a sample for measuring electrode adhesion.
- Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 (average diameter of second binder particles)/(average diameter of first binder particles) 20 10 13.3 4 3.3 20 20 Slurry viscosity (cP) for the first porous coating layer 15 15 15 25 15 20 25 Second porous coating layer slurry mixing turn number (times) 2 2 2 2 2 2 One Separator thickness ( ⁇ m) 14.3 14.2 14.5 14.1 14.3 13.9 14.2 Air permeability (gurley, s/100cc) 115 110 120 130 135 140 135 Dry adhesion (gf/20mm) 35 30 40 20 15 20 20 Wet adhesion (gf/20mm) 7 5 6 3 One 2 One 2 One
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Abstract
Description
실시예 1 | 실시예 2 | 실시예 3 | 비교예 1 | 비교예 2 | 비교예 3 | 비교예 4 | |
(제2 바인더 입자 평균 직경)/(제1 바인더 입자 평균 직경) | 20 | 10 | 13.3 | 4 | 3.3 | 20 | 20 |
제1 다공성 코팅층용 슬러리 점도(cP) | 15 | 15 | 15 | 25 | 15 | 20 | 25 |
제2 다공성 코팅층 슬러리 믹싱 턴 수(회) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
세퍼레이터 두께(㎛) | 14.3 | 14.2 | 14.5 | 14.1 | 14.3 | 13.9 | 14.2 |
통기도(gurley, s/100cc) | 115 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 135 | 140 | 135 |
Dry 접착력 (gf/20mm) |
35 | 30 | 40 | 20 | 15 | 20 | 20 |
Wet 접착력(gf/20mm) | 7 | 5 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
Claims (12)
- 다수의 기공을 가지는 다공성 고분자 기재;상기 다공성 고분자 기재의 일면 상에 위치하고 있으며, 다수의 제1 무기물 입자, 상기 제1 무기물 입자의 표면의 일부 또는 전부에 위치하여 상기 제1 무기물 입자 사이를 연결 및 고정시키는 제1 바인더 입자를 포함하는 제1 다공성 코팅층;을 구비하며,상기 다공성 고분자 기재의 타면 상에 위치하고 있으며, 다수의 제2 무기물 입자, 상기 제2 무기물 입자의 표면의 일부 또는 전부에 위치하여 상기 제2 무기물 입자 사이를 연결 및 고정시키는 제2 바인더 입자를 포함하는 제2 다공성 코팅층;을 구비하며,상기 제2 바인더 입자의 평균직경이 제1 바인더 입자의 평균직경 보다 10 배 이상 큰 것을 특징으로 하는 세퍼레이터.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제2 바인더 입자의 평균직경이 제1 바인더 입자의 평균직경 보다 10 배 내지 30 배 더 큰 것을 특징으로 하는 세퍼레이터.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 바인더 입자 및 제2 바인더 입자가 각각 독립적으로 수계 바인더 고분자인 것을 특징으로 하는 세퍼레이터.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 바인더 입자 및 제2 바인더 입자가 각각 독립적으로 폴리아크릴계 고분자, 폴리우레탄계 고분자, 폴리비닐아세테이트, 또는 이들 중 2 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 세퍼레이터.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 바인더 입자의 평균직경이 0.5 ㎛ 이하이고,상기 제2 바인더 입자의 평균직경이 5 ㎛ 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 세퍼레이터
- 다수의 제1 무기물 입자, 제1 바인더 입자, 및 제1 분산매를 포함하는 제1 다공성 코팅층용 슬러리와, 다수의 제2 무기물 입자, 제2 바인더 고분자 입자, 및 제2 분산매를 포함하는 제2 다공성 코팅층용 슬러리를 준비하는 단계; 및다공성 고분자 기재의 일면에 상기 제1 다공성 코팅층용 슬러리를 도포 및 건조하여 제1 다공성 코팅층을 형성하고, 상기 다공성 고분자 기재의 타면에 상기 제2 다공성 코팅층용 슬러리를 도포 및 건조하여 제2 다공성 코팅층을 형성하는 단계;를 포함하며,상기 제2 바인더 입자의 평균직경이 제1 바인더 입자의 평균직경 보다 10 배 이상 큰 것을 특징으로 하는 세퍼레이터의 제조방법.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 제1 다공성 코팅층용 슬러리의 점도가 15 cp 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 세퍼레이터의 제조방법.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 제2 다공성 코팅층용 슬러리의 점도가 15 cp 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 세퍼레이터의 제조방법.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 제2 다공성 코팅층용 슬러리를 준비하는 단계에서, 제2 바인더 입자, 및 제2 분산매를 포함하는 제2 다공성 코팅층용 슬러리를 2 턴(turn) 이상 믹싱하는 것을 특징으로 하는 세퍼레이터의 제조방법.
- 캐소드, 애노드, 및 상기 캐소드와 애노드 사이에 개재된 세퍼레이터를 포함하는 전기화학소자에 있어서, 상기 세퍼레이터가 제1항 내지 제5항 중 어느 한 항의 세퍼레이터인 것을 특징으로 하는 전기화학소자.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 전기화학소자는 리튬 이차전지인 것을 특징으로 하는 전기화학소자.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 세퍼레이터의 제2 다공성 코팅층이 애노드와 대면하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기화학소자.
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KR20120035359A (ko) * | 2010-10-05 | 2012-04-16 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 사이클 특성이 개선된 전기화학소자 |
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KR20160097537A (ko) * | 2015-02-09 | 2016-08-18 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 서로 다른 코팅층을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 분리막 |
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KR20210098330A (ko) * | 2020-01-31 | 2021-08-10 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 다층 구조의 무기물층을 포함하는 분리막합체전극 제조방법 및 그에 따른 분리막합체전극 |
KR20210137928A (ko) | 2020-05-11 | 2021-11-18 | 중앙대학교 산학협력단 | CRISPR/Cpf1 시스템을 기반으로 한 유전체 단일 염기 편집 방법 및 이의 용도 |
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