WO2023037929A1 - ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液、ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液の製造方法、および、ハフニア含有膜の製造方法 - Google Patents
ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液、ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液の製造方法、および、ハフニア含有膜の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023037929A1 WO2023037929A1 PCT/JP2022/032581 JP2022032581W WO2023037929A1 WO 2023037929 A1 WO2023037929 A1 WO 2023037929A1 JP 2022032581 W JP2022032581 W JP 2022032581W WO 2023037929 A1 WO2023037929 A1 WO 2023037929A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hafnium compound
- gel liquid
- containing sol
- hafnium
- hafnia
- Prior art date
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- 150000002363 hafnium compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Hf]=O CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 56
- 241000588731 Hafnia Species 0.000 title claims description 55
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
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- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
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- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QPRQEDXDYOZYLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)CO QPRQEDXDYOZYLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KOVQQOMROOKART-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-hydroxyethyl(methyl)amino]propan-1-ol Chemical compound OCC(C)N(C)CCO KOVQQOMROOKART-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHHATQHNDHHOQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].O.O.O.[Hf+4] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].O.O.O.[Hf+4] SHHATQHNDHHOQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SEKCULWEIYBRLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);propan-1-olate Chemical compound [Hf+4].CCC[O-].CCC[O-].CCC[O-].CCC[O-] SEKCULWEIYBRLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRDRRWUDXWRQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);propan-2-olate Chemical compound [Hf+4].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] HRDRRWUDXWRQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
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- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/02—Emulsion paints including aerosols
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- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/20—Diluents or solvents
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- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
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- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
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- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
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- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/80—Processes for incorporating ingredients
Definitions
- the present invention provides a hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid used for forming a hafnia-containing film containing hafnia (also known as hafnium oxide (IV), chemical formula: HfO 2 ) on the surface of a substrate, and the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid. and a method for producing a hafnia-containing film using this hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid.
- the hafnia-containing film described above has been formed on the surface of various substrates as a hard coat film with high hardness or as an etching mask.
- a method for forming the hafnia-containing film described above for example, as shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2, a method using a hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid containing a hafnium compound as a hafnia source has been proposed.
- a hafnia-containing film is formed by coating a hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid on the surface of a substrate and curing the coating film of the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid.
- Patent Document 1 since the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid has low wettability with respect to the metal surface, a coating film of the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid is formed on the surface of the metal substrate with a uniform thickness. was difficult. Therefore, in Patent Document 1, the coating film of the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid is applied to the surface of the metal substrate after the degreasing treatment or the electrolytic treatment, so that the coating film of the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel solution is made uniform. ing.
- JP 2004-267822 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-187738
- Patent Literature 1 requires degreasing and electrolytic treatment on the surface of the metal substrate, complicating the process and possibly increasing the manufacturing cost.
- the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel solution cannot be applied uniformly.
- substrates made of easily oxidizable metals such as aluminum an oxide film is formed on the surface of the substrates, making them hydrophilic, and there is a possibility that the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid cannot be applied uniformly.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and is a hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid that can be uniformly applied even to a hydrophilic substrate surface, and production of this hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method and a method for producing a hafnia-containing film using this hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid.
- the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid of aspect 1 of the present invention comprises a lower alcohol having 5 or less carbon atoms as a solvent, a hafnium compound as a hafnia source, and a wettability improver in the molecule. and a polyalcohol having either or both an ether group and an N atom.
- the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid of aspect 1 of the present invention contains a polyalcohol having either or both of ether groups and N atoms in the molecule as a wettability improving agent. Since this polyalcohol contains multiple hydroxyl groups (--OH groups) in its molecule, it has a high affinity for hydrophilic surfaces, and either an ether group (--O--) or an N atom in its molecule. Or, since it has both, it has a high affinity with the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid. Therefore, it becomes possible to uniformly apply the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid containing the polyalcohol to the surface of the hydrophilic substrate.
- a hafnium compound is contained as a hafnia source, a hafnia-containing film can be formed by drying and baking this hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid. Furthermore, since the lower alcohol having 5 or less carbon atoms is used as the solvent, the solvent can be evaporated relatively easily, and the hafnia-containing film can be stably formed.
- the content of the hafnium compound in aspect 1 or 2 is in the range of 0.05 mass% or more and 10 mass% or less, and the content of the polyalcohol is 0.05 mass%. % or more and 20 mass% or less.
- the hafnia-containing film can be formed by drying and baking the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid. A film can be reliably formed.
- the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid can be more uniformly applied to the surface of the hydrophilic substrate.
- a method for producing a hafnium compound-containing sol-gel solution according to aspect 4 of the present invention is a method for producing a hafnium compound-containing sol-gel solution for producing the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel solutions according to aspects 1 to 3 of the present invention, wherein the number of carbon atoms in the solvent is A hafnium compound addition step of adding the hafnium compound to a lower alcohol of 5 or less, a reflux step of refluxing the solvent to which the hafnium compound has been added, and after cooling to room temperature, the polyalcohol is added and mixed. and an alcohol addition step.
- a hafnium compound as a hafnia source is added to a lower alcohol as a solvent, refluxed, and then cooled to room temperature. Since the polyalcohol is added, the hafnium compound and the polyalcohol can be uniformly dispersed in the solvent, and the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid can be stably produced.
- a method for producing a hafnia-containing film according to aspect 5 of the present invention is a method for producing a hafnia-containing film in which a hafnia-containing film is formed on the surface of a base material, and the hafnia-containing film according to aspects 1 to 3 of the present invention is formed on the surface of the base material.
- the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid described above since it is used, it can be uniformly coated even on the surface of a hydrophilic substrate. Further, since the uniformly applied hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid is dried and baked, a hafnia-containing film having a uniform thickness can be stably produced.
- a hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid that can be uniformly applied even to a hydrophilic substrate surface, a method for producing this hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid, and this hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid.
- a method for producing the hafnia-containing film used can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a method for producing a hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid according to one embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a method for manufacturing a hafnia-containing film according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a method for manufacturing a hafnia-containing film according to one embodiment of the invention
- hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid a method for producing a hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid, and a method for producing a hafnia-containing film, which are embodiments of the present invention, will be described with reference to the drawings.
- the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid of the present embodiment contains a lower alcohol having 5 or less carbon atoms as a solvent, furthermore, a hafnium compound as a hafnia source, and an ether group and N in the molecule as a wettability improver. and polyalcohols having either or both of the atoms. In addition to these, it may further contain a stabilizer.
- the content of the hafnium compound as the hafnia source is in the range of 0.05 mass% or more and 10 mass% or less, and the content of the polyalcohol is 0.05 mass% or more. It is preferably within the range of 20 mass% or less. That is, the composition of the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid of the present embodiment has a hafnium compound content of 0.05 mass% or more and 10 mass% or less, and a polyalcohol content of 0.05 mass% or more and 20 mass% or less.
- the content of the stabilizer is in the range of 0 mass% to 20 mass% and the remainder is the solvent (lower alcohol having 5 or less carbon atoms).
- a lower alcohol is an alcohol having 5 or less carbon atoms in the molecule and 2 or less hydroxyl groups (—OH groups).
- lower alcohols used as solvents include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, isobutyl alcohol, tert-butyl alcohol, n-pentanol, 2-pentanol, and 3-pentanol.
- 2-methyl-1-butanol isopentyl alcohol, tert-pentyl alcohol, 3-methyl-2-butanol, neopentyl alcohol and other monohydric alcohols, as well as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, 1,2 Dihydric alcohols such as -butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, and 1,4-butanediol can be mentioned.
- the lower alcohols it is also possible to use a mixture of plural types. In this embodiment, it is preferable to use propanol or butanol as the lower alcohol. A mixture of propanol and butanol may also be used.
- hafnium alkoxide having 5 or less carbon atoms it is preferable to use as a hafnium compound that serves as a hafnia source.
- hafnium (IV) methoxide, hafnium (IV) ethoxide, and hafnium (IV) propoxide are used.
- hafnium butoxide hafnium (IV) n-butoxide, hafnium (IV) t-butoxide, hafnium (IV) pentoxide, hafnium (IV) isopropoxide monoisopropylate and the like are preferably used singly or in combination.
- Hafnia (HfO 2 ) is formed by drying and firing a hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid containing a hafnium compound as a hafnia source, and a hafnia-containing film is formed.
- the content of the hafnium compound in the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid is set to within the range of 0.05 mass% or more and 10 mass% or less, sufficient hafnia is formed by drying and firing the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid, and the hafnia is reliably formed. It becomes possible to form a containing film. If it is less than 0.05 mass%, the amount of hafnia formed after firing may be insufficient. If it exceeds 10% by mass, it may become difficult to apply the sol-gel liquid uniformly, making it difficult to produce a hafnia-containing film having a uniform thickness.
- the lower limit of the hafnium compound content is more preferably 0.1 mass % or more, more preferably 0.2 mass % or more.
- the upper limit of the content of the hafnium compound is more preferably 8 mass% or less, more preferably 5 mass% or less.
- polyalcohols having an ether group and/or an N atom in the molecule to be a wettability improver include diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, diglycerol, dipentaerythritol, triethanolamine, Diethanolamine, ethanolamine, heptanolamine, methanolamine, dimethyldiethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, N-methylethanolamine and the like are preferably used.
- Polyalcohols having either or both ether groups and N atoms in the molecule have a high affinity for hydrophilic surfaces because they contain multiple hydroxyl groups (—OH groups) in the molecule, and Since it has either or both of an ether group (-O-) and an N atom, it has a high affinity with hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquids. Therefore, the polyalcohol-containing hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid can be uniformly applied to the surface of a hydrophilic substrate.
- the content of polyalcohol having either or both of an ether group and an N atom in the molecule is within the range of 0.05 mass% or more and 20 mass% or less, thereby sufficiently improving wettability. It is possible to uniformly apply the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid to the surface of the hydrophilic substrate. If the polyalcohol content is less than 0.05 mass%, it will be difficult to sufficiently improve wettability, and if it exceeds 20 mass%, the amount of hafnia formed after firing may be relatively insufficient.
- the lower limit of the content of the polyalcohol having either or both of an ether group and an N atom in the molecule is more preferably 0.1 mass% or more, more preferably 0.2 mass% or more.
- the upper limit of the content of the polyalcohol having either or both of an ether group and an N atom in the molecule is more preferably 10 mass% or less, more preferably 5 mass% or less.
- the stabilizer it is preferable to use, for example, acetylacetone, ethyl acetoacetate, acetoin, hydroxyacetone, malonic acid, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, lactic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and the like.
- the stabilizers it is also possible to use a mixture of two or more of them.
- the content of the stabilizer in the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid is preferably in the range of 0 mass % or more and 10 mass % or less. Even if the content of the stabilizer exceeds 10% by mass, the effect is difficult to improve further, resulting in a useless increase in cost.
- the lower limit of the stabilizer content is more preferably 0.05 mass % or more, more preferably 0.1 mass % or more.
- the upper limit of the stabilizer is more preferably 8 mass% or less, more preferably 5 mass% or less.
- a hafnium compound addition step S01 of adding a hafnium compound to a lower alcohol having 5 or less carbon atoms as a solvent and a hafnia source Refluxing step S02 in which the solvent to which the hafnium compound is added is refluxed, and after cooling to room temperature, polyalcohol addition in which polyalcohol having either or both of an ether group and N atom in the molecule is added and mixed and a step S03.
- a solvent addition step S04 of adding a solvent may be included after the polyalcohol addition step S03.
- a stabilizer addition step S05 is provided between the hafnium compound addition step S01 and the reflux step S02.
- the hafnium compound addition step S01 the hafnium compound is added to the solvent while the lower alcohol serving as the solvent is being heated and stirred.
- the atmosphere in which the hafnium compound is added is preferably a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and is a nitrogen atmosphere in this embodiment.
- the temperature of the lower alcohol when adding the hafnium compound is not limited, but is preferably within the range of 5°C or higher and 40°C or lower.
- the solvent to which the hafnium compound is added is heated while being stirred for reflux treatment.
- the heating temperature in this reflux step S02 is not limited, but is preferably within the range of 80°C or higher and 200°C or lower.
- the holding time at the heating temperature is not limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.5 hours or more and 5 hours or less.
- the solvent used in the reflux step S02 is cooled to, but not limited to, room temperature (for example, within the range of 20° C. or higher and 30° C. or lower), and then ether groups and N atoms are added to the molecule.
- a polyalcohol having either one or both is added and stirred to mix.
- a lower alcohol as a solvent is added in order to adjust the composition of the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid.
- the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid of the present embodiment is produced through the above steps.
- a drying step S12 for drying the applied hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid to form a hafnium compound-containing gel film, and a baking step S13 for baking the hafnium compound-containing gel film to form a hafnia-containing film are provided.
- the base material on which the hafnia-containing film is formed is a metal base material, but is not limited to a single kind of metal, and may be an alloy, semiconductor, ceramics, or the like.
- the effect of the present invention is particularly remarkable if a hydrophilic film such as an oxide film is formed on the surface of the substrate, or if the substrate has a hydrophilic surface.
- unevenness may be formed on the surface of the base material by blasting, etching, or the like.
- Substrates include single metals such as aluminum, titanium, iron, nickel, zinc, magnesium, and copper, their alloys, oxides, elemental semiconductors such as silicon and gallium, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, and phosphide. Compound semiconductors such as indium, gallium nitride, gallium arsenide, and gallium oxide can also be used.
- the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid of the present embodiment is applied to the surface of the substrate.
- the coating method is not particularly limited, and a spray method, a dipping method, or the like may be used, but in the present embodiment, the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid is applied by spin coating.
- the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid of the present embodiment contains polyalcohol having either or both of an ether group and an N atom in the molecule. can be applied evenly.
- the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid application step S11 when first applying to the surface of the base material, the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid of the present embodiment (with ether groups and N atoms in the molecule as a wettability improving agent) containing polyalcohol having either one or both) is applied, and then a hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid for overcoating is applied.
- the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid for overcoating may or may not contain the wettability improving agent. Further, in the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid for overcoating, it is preferable to use one having a higher hafnium compound content than the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid of the present embodiment.
- a hafnium compound-containing gel film is formed by drying the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid applied to the substrate surface. Since the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid of the present embodiment uses a lower alcohol having 5 or less carbon atoms as a solvent, the solvent can be evaporated relatively easily in the drying step S12.
- the heating conditions in this drying step S12 are not limited, but the air or oxygen atmosphere, the heating temperature is in the range of 100 ° C. or more and 400 ° C. or less, and the holding time at the heating temperature is in the range of 0.5 minutes or more and 10 minutes or less. , is preferred.
- a hafnium compound-containing gel film having a predetermined thickness may be formed by repeatedly performing the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid application step S11 and the drying step S12.
- the hafnia-containing film is formed by heating and baking the hafnium compound-containing gel film.
- the heating conditions in the firing step S13 are not limited, but are air or oxygen atmosphere, the heating temperature is in the range of 400° C. or more and 1000° C. or less, the holding time at the heating temperature is in the range of 0.5 minutes or more and 10 minutes or less, It is preferable to When the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid application step S11 and the drying step S12 are repeatedly performed, the baking step S13 may be performed after each drying step S12.
- a hafnia-containing film is produced on the surface of the substrate.
- the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid of the present embodiment since it contains a polyalcohol having either or both of an ether group and an N atom in the molecule as a wettability improving agent, it has an affinity for hydrophilic surfaces. In the step S11 of applying the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid, it is possible to apply the sol-gel liquid uniformly to the surface of the hydrophilic substrate.
- a hafnium compound is contained as a hafnia source, a hafnia-containing film can be formed by drying and baking this hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid. Furthermore, since the lower alcohol having 5 or less carbon atoms is used as the solvent, the solvent can be evaporated relatively easily in the drying step S12, and the hafnia-containing film can be stably formed. becomes.
- the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid of the present embodiment further contains a stabilizer, deterioration of the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid can be suppressed, and handling of the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid becomes easy.
- the hafnium compound content is in the range of 0.05 mass% or more and 10 mass% or less
- the polyalcohol content is in the range of 0.05 mass% or more and 20 mass% or less.
- the hafnium compound addition step S01 of adding the hafnium compound to the lower alcohol having 5 or less carbon atoms serving as the solvent and the addition of the hafnium compound and a polyalcohol addition step S03 of adding and mixing the polyalcohol after cooling to room temperature, so that the hafnium compound and the polyalcohol are uniformly dispersed in the solvent. It is possible to stably produce a hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid. Further, when the stabilizer addition step S05 is provided, deterioration of the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid can be suppressed.
- the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid applying step S11 of applying the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid of the present embodiment onto the surface of the substrate, and the applied hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid. is dried to form a hafnium compound-containing gel film, and a baking step S13 of baking the hafnium compound-containing gel film to form a hafnia-containing film.
- the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid can be uniformly applied, and a hafnia-containing film having a uniform thickness can be stably produced.
- a hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid was produced under the same composition and conditions as in each of the inventive examples and comparative examples except that no wettability improver was added.
- the wettability on the hydrophilic substrate surface was evaluated as follows.
- An aluminum alloy substrate (A5052) having a size of 50 mm square and a thickness of 2 mm was prepared as a base material.
- the substrate surface was blasted with SiC powder to form an uneven surface (rough surface) with a surface roughness (arithmetic mean roughness) Ra of 2 ⁇ m.
- 0.1 mL of a hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid was dropped onto the center of the blasted surface of the base material.
- the dropped hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid spread over the substrate due to surface tension.
- the area over which the hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid spread was measured using the area measurement function of an optical microscope. The same evaluation was performed 3 times, and the average value was calculated.
- Comparative Example 1 ethylene glycol having no ether group in the molecule was added as a wettability improving agent, but the wettability could not be improved.
- Comparative Example 2 diethylene glycol monomethyl ether having one hydroxyl group in the molecule was added as a wettability improving agent, but wettability could not be sufficiently improved.
- Comparative Example 3 diethylene glycol methyl ether having no hydroxyl group in the molecule was added as a wettability improving agent, but the wettability could not be sufficiently improved.
- Comparative Example 4 glycerin having no ether group and N atom in the molecule was added as a wettability improving agent, but the wettability could not be sufficiently improved.
- Examples 1-11 of the present invention a polyalcohol having either or both of an ether group and an N atom in the molecule was added as a wettability improving agent, and the wettability was sufficiently improved. was confirmed. Therefore, it was confirmed that according to the examples of the present invention, it is possible to provide a hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid that can be uniformly applied even to the surface of a hydrophilic substrate.
- a hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid that can be uniformly applied even to a hydrophilic substrate surface, a method for producing this hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid, and this hafnium compound-containing sol-gel liquid.
- a method for producing the hafnia-containing film used can be provided. Therefore, the present invention is industrially applicable.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2021年9月9日に日本で出願された特願2021-146772号、および2022年8月22日に日本で出願された特願2022-131694号に基づき優先権を主張し、それらの内容をここに援用する。
上述のハフニア含有膜を成膜する方法としては、例えば特許文献1,2に示すように、ハフニア源となるハフニウム化合物を含有するハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液が用いた方法が提案されている。
特許文献1,2においては、基材の表面にハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液を塗布し、ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液の塗布膜を硬化処理することにより、ハフニア含有膜を成膜している。
そこで、特許文献1においては、金属基材の表面に対して脱脂処理または電解処理を実施した後に、ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液を塗布することによって、ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液の塗布膜の均一化を図っている。
特に、例えばアルミニウム等の酸化し易い金属からなる基材においては、基材表面に酸化膜が形成されて親水性になっており、ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液を均一に塗布できないおそれがあった。
さらに、溶媒として、炭素数が5以下の低級アルコールを用いているので、比較的容易に溶媒を蒸発させることができ、ハフニア含有膜を安定して成膜することが可能となる。
本発明の態様2のハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液によれば、安定化剤を含有しているので、ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液の劣化を抑制でき、取り扱いが容易となる。
本発明の態様3のハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液によれば、前記ハフニウム化合物の含有量が上述の範囲内とされているので、このハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液を乾燥および焼成することで、ハフニア含有膜を確実に成膜することができる。
また、前記ポリアルコールの含有量が上述の範囲内とされているので、ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液を、親水性の基材表面にさらに均一に塗布することが可能となる。
すなわち、本実施形態であるハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液の組成は、ハフニウム化合物の含有量が0.05mass%以上10mass%以下の範囲内、ポリアルコールの含有量が0.05mass%以上20mass%以下の範囲内、安定化剤の含有量が0mass%以上20mass%以下の範囲内、残部が溶剤(炭素数が5以下の低級アルコール)であることが好ましい。低級アルコール とは、分子内の炭素数が5以下であり、水酸基(-OH基)の数が2以下のアルコールである。
本実施形態では、低級アルコールとして、プロパノールまたはブタノールを用いることが好ましい。プロパノールとブタノールを混合して使用してもよい。
これらのハフニア源となるハフニウム化合物を含むハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液を乾燥および焼成することにより、ハフニア(HfO2)が形成され、ハフニア含有膜が形成される。
なお、ハフニウム化合物の含有量の下限は、0.1mass%以上とすることがさらに好ましく、0.2mass%以上とすることがより好ましい。一方、ハフニウム化合物の含有量の上限は、8mass%以下とすることがさらに好ましく、5mass%以下とすることがより好ましい。
なお、分子内にエーテル基およびN原子のいずれか一方又は両方を有するポリアルコールの含有量の下限は、0.1mass%以上とすることがさらに好ましく、0.2mass%以上とすることがより好ましい。一方、分子内にエーテル基およびN原子のいずれか一方又は両方を有するポリアルコールの含有量の上限は、10mass%以下とすることがさらに好ましく、5mass%以下とすることがより好ましい。
ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液に安定化剤を添加することで、ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液の劣化を抑制でき、ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液の取り扱い性を向上させることができる。よって、安定化剤を必要に応じて適宜添加してもよい。
なお、安定化剤の含有量の下限は、0.05mass%以上とすることがさらに好ましく、0.1mass%以上とすることがより好ましい。一方、安定化剤の上限は、8mass%以下とすることがさらに好ましく、5mass%以下とすることがより好ましい。
本実施形態であるハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液の製造方法においては、図1に示すように、溶媒となる炭素数が5以下の低級アルコールに、ハフニウム化合物を添加するハフニウム化合物添加工程S01と、ハフニア源となるハフニウム化合物を添加した溶媒を還流する還流工程S02と、室温にまで冷却した後、分子内にエーテル基およびN原子のいずれか一方又は両方を有するポリアルコールを添加して混合するポリアルコール添加工程S03と、を備えている。なお、組成を調整するために、ポリアルコール添加工程S03の後に溶媒を添加する溶媒添加工程S04を有していてもよい。また、安定化剤を添加する場合には、ハフニウム化合物添加工程S01と還流工程S02の間に、安定化剤を添加する安定化剤添加工程S05を有する。
なお、ハフニウム化合物を添加する際の雰囲気は、非酸化雰囲気とすることが好ましく、本実施形態では窒素雰囲気としている。
また、ハフニウム化合物を添加する際の低級アルコールの温度は、限定はされないが、5℃以上40℃以下の範囲内とすることが好ましい。
この還流工程S02における加熱温度は、限定はされないが80℃以上200℃以下の範囲内とすることが好ましい。また、加熱温度での保持時間は、限定はされないが0.5時間以上5時間以下の範囲内とすることがこのましい。
なお、安定化剤を添加する場合には、この還流工程S02の前に、安定化剤添加工程S05を実施することが好ましい。
また、この基材表面には、ブラスト処理やエッチング処理等によって凹凸(粗面)が形成されていてもよい。
基材としては、アルミニウム、チタン、鉄、ニッケル、亜鉛、マグネシウム、銅などの単金属や、それらの合金、酸化物、シリコン、ガリウムなどの元素半導体、酸化ケイ素、窒化ケイ素、炭化ケイ素、リン化インジウム、窒化ガリウム、ガリウムヒ素、酸化ガリウムなどの化合物半導体を用いることもできる。
本実施形態であるハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液は、上述のように、分子内にエーテル基およびN原子のいずれか一方又は両方を有するポリアルコールを含有していることから、親水性の基材表面にも均一に塗布することが可能となる。
重ね塗り用のハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液は、上述の濡れ改善剤を含有していてもよいし、濡れ改善剤を含有していなくてもよい。
また、重ね塗り用のハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液においては、本実施形態であるハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液よりも、ハフニウム化合物の含有量が高いものを用いることが好ましい。
この乾燥工程S12における加熱条件は、限定はされないが、大気もしくは酸素雰囲気、加熱温度を100℃以上400℃以下の範囲内、加熱温度での保持時間を0.5分以上10分以下の範囲内、とすることが好ましい。
なお、ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液塗布工程S11と乾燥工程S12とを繰り返し実施することで、所定の厚さのハフニウム化合物含有ゲル膜を形成してもよい。
焼成工程S13における加熱条件は、限定はされないが、大気もしくは酸素雰囲気、加熱温度を400℃以上1000℃以下の範囲内、加熱温度での保持時間を0.5分以上10分以下の範囲内、とすることが好ましい。
なお、ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液塗布工程S11と乾燥工程S12とを繰り返し実施する場合には、毎回の乾燥工程S12の後に焼成工程S13を行ってもよい。
さらに、溶剤として炭素数が5以下の低級アルコールを用いているので、乾燥工程S12において、溶媒を比較的容易に溶媒を蒸発させることができ、ハフニア含有膜を安定して成膜することが可能となる。
また、安定化剤添加工程S05を有する場合には、ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液の劣化を抑制することができる。
次に、表1に示す安定化剤を添加した後、表2に示す条件で還流処理を実施した。その後、室温まで冷却した後、表1に示す濡れ改善剤を添加し、攪拌混合した。そして、さらに溶媒となる低級アルコールを添加し、組成を調整した。
これにより、本発明例および比較例のハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液を製造した。なお、後述する濡れ性評価の際の基準とするために、濡れ性改善剤を添加しない以外はそれぞれの本発明例および比較例と同等の組成および条件でハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液を製造した。
なお、基材をブラストして凹凸面を形成することにより、基材からの反射光が抑えられるので、色差的に濡れ広がりの面積率の評価がし易くなる。また、表面積が大きく濡れ広がりし難い表面とすることで、各サンプルの濡れ性の差が顕著となる。
滴下後5分間静置した後、ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液が濡れ広がった面積を、光学顕微鏡の面積測定機能を用いて測定した。同様の評価を3回行い、平均値を算出した。
濡れ改善剤を添加しなかったハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液と比べて、濡れ広がり面積の増加率が20%未満のものを、改善効果「なし」とした。評価結果を表2に示す。
比較例2においては、濡れ改善剤として分子内に水酸基を1つ有するジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテルを添加したが、濡れ性を十分に向上させることができなかった。
比較例3においては、濡れ改善剤として分子内に水酸基を有していないジエチレングリコールメチルエーテルを添加したが、濡れ性を十分に向上させることができなかった。
比較例4においては、濡れ改善剤として分子内にエーテル基およびN原子を有さないグリセリンを添加したが、濡れ性を十分に向上させることができなかった。
よって、本発明例によれば、親水性の基材表面に対しても、均一に塗布することが可能なハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液を提供可能であることが確認された。
Claims (5)
- 溶剤となる炭素数が5以下の低級アルコールと、ハフニア源となるハフニウム化合物と、濡れ性改善剤として分子内にエーテル基およびN原子のいずれか一方又は両方を有するポリアルコールと、を含有することを特徴とするハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液。
- さらに安定化剤を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液。
- 前記ハフニウム化合物の含有量が0.05mass%以上10mass%以下の範囲内とされ、
前記ポリアルコールの含有量が0.05mass%以上20mass%以下の範囲内とされていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液。 - 請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載されたハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液を製造するハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液の製造方法であって、
溶媒となる炭素数が5以下の低級アルコールに、前記ハフニウム化合物を添加するハフニウム化合物添加工程と、
前記ハフニウム化合物を添加した溶媒を還流する還流工程と、
室温にまで冷却した後、前記ポリアルコールを添加して混合するポリアルコール添加工程とを備えていることを特徴とするハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液の製造方法。 - 基材の表面にハフニア含有膜を成膜するハフニア含有膜の製造方法であって、
前記基材の表面に請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載のハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液を塗布するハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液塗布工程と、
塗布した前記ハフニウム化合物含有ゾルゲル液を乾燥させてハフニウム化合物含有ゲル膜を形成する乾燥工程と、
前記ハフニウム化合物含有ゲル膜を焼成してハフニア含有膜を形成する焼成工程とを備えていることを特徴とするハフニア含有膜の製造方法。
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