WO2023030405A1 - 泄压装置、电池单体、电池及用电设备 - Google Patents

泄压装置、电池单体、电池及用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023030405A1
WO2023030405A1 PCT/CN2022/116299 CN2022116299W WO2023030405A1 WO 2023030405 A1 WO2023030405 A1 WO 2023030405A1 CN 2022116299 W CN2022116299 W CN 2022116299W WO 2023030405 A1 WO2023030405 A1 WO 2023030405A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressure relief
groove
scoring
level
relief device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/116299
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周文林
郑挺
刘文忠
杨开焕
李全坤
王鹏
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN202280009602.6A priority Critical patent/CN116711134A/zh
Priority to EP22863540.5A priority patent/EP4287380A1/en
Priority to JP2023530008A priority patent/JP2023549907A/ja
Priority to KR1020237016558A priority patent/KR20230088460A/ko
Publication of WO2023030405A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023030405A1/zh
Priority to US18/464,845 priority patent/US20230420793A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/40—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves with a fracturing member, e.g. fracturing diaphragm, glass, fusible joint
    • F16K17/403—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves with a fracturing member, e.g. fracturing diaphragm, glass, fusible joint with a fracturing valve member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/14—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings for protecting against damage caused by external factors
    • H01M50/143—Fireproof; Explosion-proof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/247—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for portable devices, e.g. mobile phones, computers, hand tools or pacemakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular, to a pressure relief device, a battery cell, a battery and electrical equipment.
  • Batteries are widely used in electronic equipment, such as mobile phones, laptop computers, battery cars, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes and electric tools, etc.
  • a pressure relief device In battery technology, in order to ensure the safety of the battery cell, a pressure relief device is generally installed in the battery cell. When the inside of the battery cell or when the temperature reaches a threshold, the pressure relief device breaks at the position where the notch groove is set, so that Release the pressure inside the battery cell. For a general pressure relief device, pressure relief may also occur when the internal pressure of the battery cell is within a normal range, and the long-term reliability is poor.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a pressure relief device, a battery cell, a battery, and electrical equipment, which can effectively improve the long-term reliability of the pressure relief device.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a pressure relief device, including a pressure relief part, at least one level of sinking groove and at least one level of scoring groove; the pressure relief part has a first surface and a first Two surfaces; at least one level of sinking grooves and at least one level of scoring grooves are sequentially arranged on the pressure relief part along the direction from the first surface to the second surface; wherein, the groove bottom wall of the first level of sinking grooves farthest from the first surface has an opening
  • the scoring groove is arranged along the edge of the opening area, and the opening area is configured to be opened with the first-level scoring groove furthest away from the first surface as a boundary.
  • At least one sinking groove and at least one scoring groove are sequentially arranged on the pressure relief part along the direction from the first surface to the second surface.
  • the pressure relief groove and the scoring groove can be formed step by step, Therefore, the forming force on the pressure relief part is reduced, and the risk of cracks in the pressure relief part is reduced.
  • the pressure relief device is not easy to fail due to cracks at the position where the scoring groove is provided, and the long-term reliability of the pressure relief device is improved.
  • the scoring groove includes a first groove segment, a second groove segment and a third groove segment, the first groove segment and the second groove segment are oppositely arranged, and the first groove segment and the second groove segment are both connected to the third groove segment
  • the groove segments intersect, and the first groove segment, the second groove segment and the third groove segment are arranged along the edge of the opening area. In this way, the opening area can be opened with the first groove section, the second groove section and the third groove section as boundaries, which increases the pressure relief area of the pressure relief part and improves the pressure relief rate of the pressure relief part.
  • the pressure relief part is provided with a fourth slot section, the fourth slot section is located between the first slot section and the second slot section, and the fourth slot section intersects the third slot section.
  • the stress at the intersection of the fourth groove segment and the third groove segment is more concentrated, and it is easier to break, so that the pressure relief part breaks along the third groove segment from the position where the third groove segment intersects with the fourth groove segment during the pressure relief process, And rupture along the first groove segment and the second groove segment after the third groove segment ruptures, so as to realize rapid pressure relief.
  • the fourth groove segment intersects the third groove segment at an intersection position, and in the extension direction of the third groove segment, the distance from the intersection position to the first groove segment is equal to the distance from the intersection position to the second groove segment.
  • the pressure relief part can be ruptured along the third groove segment at the position where the fourth groove segment intersects with the third groove segment, and then simultaneously rupture along the first groove segment and the second groove segment, so that the opening area can be opened more rapidly open.
  • the pressure relief part is provided with a fifth groove segment, and in the first-level scoring groove farthest from the first surface, one or both of the first groove segment, the second groove segment and the third groove segment
  • the bottom surface of the latter is provided with a fifth groove segment.
  • the pressure relief part is weaker at the position where the fifth groove section is set, and it is easier to break, so that the pressure relief part first breaks along the groove section provided with the fifth groove section during pressure relief, and then along the groove section without the fifth groove section.
  • the groove section of the section is broken, which improves the timeliness of pressure relief.
  • the first slot segment, the second slot segment and the third slot segment collectively define at least one open area.
  • the opening area is jointly defined by the first groove section, the second groove section and the third groove section.
  • the opening area can be opened in a reversed manner. After opening, the opening area is always connected with other areas of the pressure relief part, and it is not easy to fall off, reducing the opening of the opening area. risk of splashing.
  • the first groove segment, the second groove segment and the third groove segment define two open areas, and the two open areas are respectively located on two sides of the third groove segment.
  • the parts of the pressure relief part in the two opening areas can be opened in half for pressure relief, which increases the pressure relief area and effectively improves the pressure relief rate of the pressure relief part.
  • the scoring groove further includes a sixth groove segment, the sixth groove segment is arranged opposite to the third groove segment, the first groove segment and the second groove segment both intersect the sixth groove segment, the first groove segment,
  • the second slot section, the third slot section and the sixth slot section jointly define an opening area.
  • the opening area is a closed area bounded by the first groove section, the second groove section, the third groove section and the sixth groove section, and during the pressure relief process of the pressure relief part, the pressure relief part can follow the first groove section , the second groove section, the third groove section and the sixth groove section are broken, so that the opening area can be opened in a disengaged manner, which increases the pressure relief area of the pressure relief part and improves the pressure relief rate of the pressure relief part.
  • the scored grooves are non-closed grooves extending along a non-closed track whose beginning and end ends are not connected. In this way, the opening area can be opened in an overturned manner, and the opening area is always connected with other areas of the pressure relief part after opening, and is not easy to fall off, reducing the risk of splashing after the opening area is opened.
  • the scoring groove is arc-shaped.
  • the arc-shaped scoring groove has a simple structure and is easy to form. When the pressure is released, the pressure relief part can be broken quickly along the arc-shaped scoring groove, so that the opening area can be quickly opened.
  • the scored groove is a closed groove extending along a closed track end-to-end.
  • the pressure relief part can be broken along the scored groove, so that the opening area can be opened in a disengaged manner, which increases the pressure relief area of the pressure relief part and improves the pressure relief rate of the pressure relief part .
  • the scoring groove is circular in shape.
  • the circular scoring groove has a simple structure and is easy to form. When the pressure is released, the pressure relief part can be broken quickly along the circular scoring groove, so that the opening area can be quickly opened.
  • the pressure relief portion is provided with a primary sink, and the sink is provided on the first surface.
  • the pressure relief part is equipped with a first-level sinking tank, which is easy to form, improves production efficiency and reduces production costs.
  • the pressure relief part is provided with a first-level scoring groove, and the scoring groove is provided on the bottom surface of the sinking tank.
  • the pressure relief part is equipped with a first-level scoring groove, which is easy to form, improves production efficiency, and reduces production costs.
  • the pressure relief part is provided with multi-level scoring grooves, and the multi-level scoring grooves are sequentially arranged along the direction from the first surface to the second surface; in the adjacent two-level scoring grooves, the The first-level scoring groove is arranged on the bottom surface of the first-level scoring groove close to the first surface, and the first-level scoring groove closest to the first surface is arranged on the bottom surface of the sinker groove.
  • the multi-level scoring grooves are arranged sequentially along the direction from the first surface to the second surface, which can reduce the forming depth of each level of scoring grooves, thereby reducing the forming force on the pressure relief part when forming each level of scoring grooves, reducing the Risk of cracks in the pressure relief section.
  • the hardness of the remaining part of the area where the scoring grooves are provided in the pressure relief part increases accordingly for each level of scoring grooves processed, Improve the hardness of the remaining part after the multi-level notch groove is set on the pressure relief part, so that the long-term reliability is better, the impact resistance is better, and the probability of damage by external force impact is reduced.
  • the pressure relief part is provided with two-stage or three-stage scoring grooves.
  • the pressure relief part is provided with multi-stage sinks, and the multi-stage sinks are arranged in sequence along the direction from the first surface to the second surface. Among the adjacent two-stage sinks, the one-stage sink far away from the first surface The groove is arranged on the bottom surface of the first-level sinker close to the first surface; wherein, along the thickness direction, the outermost first-level sinker is arranged on the first surface.
  • the pressure relief part is provided with multi-stage sinking grooves, which can make the forming depth of each stage of sinking grooves relatively shallow, reduce the forming force on the pressure relief part when forming each stage of sinking grooves, and reduce the risk of cracks in the pressure relief part.
  • the hardness of the remaining part of the sinking groove area of the pressure relief part will increase accordingly every time one level of sinking grooves is processed, so that the pressure relief part is inscribed
  • the hardness of the remainder of the grooved area increases further.
  • the pressure relief part is provided with a first-level scoring groove, and along the thickness direction, the scoring groove is arranged on the bottom surface of the first-level sinking groove farthest from the first surface.
  • the pressure relief part is equipped with a first-level scoring groove, which is easy to form, improves production efficiency, and reduces production costs.
  • the pressure relief part is provided with multi-level scoring grooves, and the multi-level scoring grooves are sequentially arranged along the direction from the first surface to the second surface.
  • the The primary scoring groove is arranged on the bottom surface of the primary scoring groove close to the first surface, and the primary scoring groove closest to the first surface is arranged on the bottom surface of the primary sinking groove farthest from the first surface.
  • the multi-level scoring grooves are arranged sequentially along the direction from the first surface to the second surface, which can reduce the forming depth of each level of scoring grooves, thereby reducing the forming force on the pressure relief part when forming each level of scoring grooves, reducing the Risk of cracks in the pressure relief section.
  • the hardness of the remaining part of the area where the scoring grooves are provided in the pressure relief part increases accordingly for each level of scoring grooves processed, Improve the hardness of the remaining part after the multi-level notch groove is set on the pressure relief part, so that the long-term reliability is better, the impact resistance is better, and the probability of damage by external force impact is reduced.
  • the pressure relief part is provided with two-stage or three-stage scoring grooves.
  • the pressure relief part is provided with a two-stage or three-stage sinker.
  • the pressure relief part is provided with multi-level scoring grooves, and the multi-level scoring grooves are sequentially arranged along the direction from the first surface to the second surface.
  • the The maximum width of the primary scoring groove is smaller than the minimum width of the primary scoring groove close to the first surface.
  • the sinker is a rectangular or circular tank.
  • the sinker has a simple structure, is easy to form, and can provide more avoidance space for the opening of the opening area.
  • the first surface is provided with a flange surrounding the sinker provided on the first surface.
  • the flange can strengthen the pressure relief part and improve the deformation resistance of the pressure relief area of the pressure relief part.
  • the provision of the flange facilitates the installation of a protector to protect the opening area.
  • the pressure relief portion partially protrudes from the second surface in a direction away from the first surface to form a convex portion;
  • the convex portion includes a groove bottom wall and a reinforcement portion, and the reinforcement portion is connected to the second surface and surrounds the groove around the bottom wall.
  • the reinforcement part is connected to the second surface, which can strengthen the bottom wall of the groove, improve the deformation resistance of the bottom wall of the groove, and reduce the risk of force damage to the position of the groove bottom wall where the scoring groove is arranged.
  • the second surface is provided with a groove, and the groove is arranged around the protrusion.
  • the arrangement of the groove can absorb the energy transmitted from the pressure relief part to the convex part, even if the pressure relief part is deformed, it is not easy to be transmitted to the area where the notch groove is arranged.
  • the height of the protrusion protruding from the second surface is H 1
  • the distance between the first surface and the second surface is H 2 , satisfying: H 1 ⁇ H 2 .
  • the pressure relief part is an end cap, and the end cap is used to close the opening of the housing.
  • the end cover has a pressure relief function, and the pressure relief structure is formed by providing a notch groove on the end cover.
  • the pressure relief structure has better stability and good long-term reliability.
  • the first surface is the surface of the end cap facing away from the housing.
  • the pressure relief device is a housing, and an accommodation space is formed inside the housing.
  • the housing includes a plurality of walls, and the plurality of walls jointly define the accommodation space.
  • the accommodation space is used to accommodate the electrode assembly, and at least one wall For the pressure relief part.
  • the pressure relief device with this structure not only has the function of accommodating the electrode assembly, but also has the function of pressure relief.
  • the housing includes a peripheral wall and a bottom wall, the peripheral wall surrounds the edge of the bottom wall, the peripheral wall and the bottom wall together define an accommodation space, an opening is formed at the opposite end of the peripheral wall and the bottom wall, and the bottom wall is a pressure relief part.
  • the bottom wall of the pressure relief device has a pressure relief function, which is convenient for releasing the pressure inside the accommodating space.
  • the first surface is an outer surface of the wall. In this way, sinking grooves and scoring grooves can be formed on the outer side of the wall, which is convenient for processing the sinking grooves and scoring grooves on the bottom wall.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, including the pressure relief device provided in any one embodiment of the first aspect above.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including the battery cell provided in any one embodiment of the second aspect above.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electric device, including the battery provided in any one embodiment of the third aspect above.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is an isometric view of a pressure relief device provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a top view of the pressure relief device shown in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is A-A sectional view of the pressure relief device shown in Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view of B of the pressure relief device shown in Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 8 is a partially enlarged view of the pressure relief device provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged view of a pressure relief device provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a partial enlarged view at C of the pressure relief device shown in Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 11 is a partial enlarged view of a pressure relief device provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a partial enlarged view of the pressure relief device provided by some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 13 is a partial enlarged view of the pressure relief device provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 14 is a D-D sectional view of the pressure relief device shown in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 15 is a top view of a pressure relief device provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 16 is a partial enlarged view of E of the pressure relief device shown in Fig. 15;
  • Fig. 17 is an F-F sectional view of the pressure relief device shown in Fig. 16;
  • Fig. 18 is an isometric view of a pressure relief device provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 19 is a partial enlarged view at G of the pressure relief device shown in Fig. 18;
  • Fig. 20 is a partial sectional view of the pressure relief device shown in Fig. 18;
  • Fig. 21 is an axonometric view of a pressure relief device provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 22 is a partial enlarged view of H of the pressure relief device shown in Fig. 21;
  • Fig. 23 is a partial sectional view of the pressure relief device shown in Fig. 22;
  • Fig. 24 is an isometric view of a pressure relief device provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 25 is a partially enlarged view of the position I of the pressure relief device shown in Fig. 24 .
  • Icons 1-housing; 2-electrode assembly; 21-positive tab; 22-negative tab; 3-end cover; 31-positive electrode terminal; 32-negative electrode terminal; 4-collecting member; 5-insulation 6-pressure relief device; 61-pressure relief part; 611-first surface; 6111-flange; 612-second surface; 6121-convex part; Wall; 6131-opening area; 62-sinking groove; 63-notch groove; 631-first groove segment; 632-second groove segment; 633-third groove segment; 634-sixth groove segment; 64-fourth Slot section; 65-fifth slot section; 66-notch slot; 67-surrounding wall; 68-bottom wall; 10-battery unit; 20-box; 201-first part; 202-second part; 100-battery; 200-controller; 300-motor; 1000-vehicle; Z-thickness direction.
  • connection In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection” and “attachment” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
  • “Plurality” in this application refers to two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly is composed of a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative pole pieces.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer. Fluid, the positive electrode current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer is used as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode collector without the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer. Fluid, the negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive pole tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative pole tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film may be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene).
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the pressure relief device on the battery cell has an important impact on the safety of the battery. For example, when a short circuit, overcharge, etc. occur, it may cause thermal runaway inside the battery cell, resulting in a sudden increase in pressure or temperature. In this case, the internal pressure and temperature can be released to the outside through the actuation of the pressure relief mechanism, so as to prevent the battery cells from exploding and igniting.
  • the pressure relief device will also release pressure when the internal pressure of the battery cell is within a normal range, resulting in failure of the battery cell.
  • the pressure relief device is generally provided with notched grooves on the pressure relief part. In order to ensure that the pressure relief device can normally release the pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches the threshold value, the notched groove needs to be processed deeper. After the notched groove on the pressure relief part is formed, cracks are likely to occur, and the internal pressure of the battery cell is within the normal range (not reaching the threshold) and the pressure relief device releases pressure.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a pressure relief device.
  • On the pressure relief part of the pressure relief device at least one level of sinking grooves and at least one level of scoring grooves are arranged in sequence from the first surface to the second surface.
  • the groove bottom wall of the first-level sinker groove on the first surface has an opening area, the scoring groove is arranged along the edge of the opening area, and the opening area is configured to be openable with the first-level scoring groove farthest from the first surface as a boundary.
  • At least one sinking groove and at least one scoring groove are sequentially arranged on the pressure relief part along the direction from the first surface to the second surface, and the pressure relief groove and the scoring groove can be formed step by step during molding.
  • the notched groove reduces the forming force on the pressure relief part and reduces the risk of cracks in the pressure relief part.
  • the pressure relief device is not easy to fail due to cracks at the position where the notch groove is set, which improves the long-term reliability of the pressure relief device.
  • the pressure relief device described in the embodiments of the present application is applicable to batteries and electrical equipment using batteries.
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles;
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.;
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.;
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, electric planers, and more.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not impose special limitations on the above electric equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the interior of the vehicle 1000 is provided with a battery 100 , and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 , the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and running the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 instead of or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a battery cell 10 and a case 20 for accommodating the battery cell 10 .
  • the box body 20 is a component for accommodating the battery cell 10
  • the box body 20 provides a storage space for the battery cell 10
  • the box body 20 may have various structures.
  • the box body 20 may include a first part 201 and a second part 202 , and the first part 201 and the second part 202 cover each other to define a storage space for accommodating the battery cells 10 .
  • the first part 201 and the second part 202 can be in various shapes, such as cuboid, cylinder and so on.
  • the first part 201 can be a hollow structure with one side open, and the second part 202 can also be a hollow structure with one side open.
  • the open side of the second part 202 is covered with the open side of the first part 201 to form a box with a receiving space.
  • the first part 201 may be a hollow structure with one side open
  • the second part 202 may be a plate-like structure
  • the second part 202 covers the open side of the first part 201 to form a box body 20 with a receiving space.
  • the first part 201 and the second part 202 can be sealed by a sealing element, and the sealing element can be a sealing ring, a sealant, or the like.
  • the battery 100 there may be one or more battery cells 10 . If there are multiple battery cells 10 , the multiple battery cells 10 can be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 10 are both in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells 10 may be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a battery module, and then a plurality of battery modules may be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a whole and accommodated in the box 20 . It is also possible that all the battery cells 10 are directly connected in series, parallel or mixed together, and then all the battery cells 10 are housed in the case 20 as a whole.
  • the battery 100 may further include a confluence component, through which the plurality of battery cells 10 may be electrically connected, so as to realize the series connection, parallel connection or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells 10 .
  • the bus component may be a metal conductor, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell 10 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 10 includes a casing 1 , an electrode assembly 2 , an end cap 3 , an insulator 5 and a pressure relief device 6 (not shown in FIG. 3 ).
  • the casing 1 is a part for accommodating the electrode assembly 2, and the casing 1 may be a hollow structure with an opening formed at one end.
  • the housing 1 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid and so on.
  • the housing 1 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • Electrode assembly 2 there can be one electrode assembly 2 in the casing 1, or there can be a plurality of them. For example, as shown in the figure, there are a plurality of electrode assemblies 2 , and the plurality of electrode assemblies 2 are stacked and arranged in the casing 1 .
  • the electrode assembly 2 is a part where an electrochemical reaction occurs in the battery cell 10 .
  • the electrode assembly 2 may include a positive electrode tab, a negative electrode tab, and a separator.
  • the electrode assembly 2 may be a coiled structure formed by winding a positive pole piece, a separator and a negative pole piece, or a laminated structure formed by stacking a positive pole piece, a separator and a negative pole piece.
  • the positive electrode sheet may include a positive electrode collector and a positive electrode active material layer coated on opposite sides of the positive electrode collector.
  • the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer coated on opposite sides of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the electrode assembly 2 has a positive pole tab 21 and a negative pole tab 22.
  • the positive pole tab 21 can be the part that is not coated with the positive active material layer on the positive pole piece, and the negative pole tab 22 can be the part that is not coated with the negative active material layer on the negative pole piece. part.
  • the end cap 3 is a component that covers the opening of the casing 1 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 10 from the external environment.
  • the end cap 3 covers the opening of the casing 1 , and the end cap 3 and the casing 1 jointly define a sealed space for accommodating the electrode assembly 2 , electrolyte and other components.
  • the shape of the end cap 3 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 1.
  • the housing 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure
  • the end cap 3 is a rectangular plate-shaped structure compatible with the housing 1.
  • the housing 1 is a cylinder.
  • the body structure, the end cover 3 is a circular plate-shaped structure suitable for the housing 1.
  • the material of the end cover 3 can also be various, for example, copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc.
  • the material of the end cover 3 and the material of the shell 1 can be the same or different.
  • Electrode terminals can be provided on the end cap 3 , and the electrode terminals are used for electrical connection with the electrode assembly 2 to output the electric energy of the battery cells 10 .
  • the electrode terminals may include a positive electrode terminal 31 and a negative electrode terminal 32 , the positive electrode terminal 31 is used for electrical connection with the positive electrode tab 21 , and the negative electrode terminal 32 is used for electrically connecting with the negative electrode tab 22 .
  • the positive electrode terminal 31 and the positive tab 21 may be connected directly or indirectly, and the negative electrode terminal 32 and the negative tab 22 may be connected directly or indirectly.
  • the positive electrode terminal 31 is electrically connected to the positive electrode tab 21 through a current collecting member 4
  • the negative electrode terminal 32 is electrically connected to the negative electrode tab 22 through another current collecting member 4 .
  • the insulating member 5 is a part separating the casing 1 from the electrode assembly 2 , and the insulating isolation between the casing 1 and the electrode assembly 2 is realized through the insulating member 5 .
  • the insulating member 5 is an insulating material, and the insulating member 5 may be an insulating material such as plastic or rubber.
  • the insulating member 5 wraps the outer periphery of the electrode assembly 2 in the circumferential direction. It can be understood that, in the case of multiple electrode assemblies 2 , the insulating member 5 wraps the entire outer periphery of the plurality of electrode assemblies 2 in the circumferential direction.
  • the pressure relief device 6 is a component for releasing the pressure inside the battery cell 10 , and when the pressure or temperature inside the battery cell 10 reaches a threshold value, the pressure inside the battery cell 10 is released through the pressure relief device 6 .
  • the pressure relief device 6 may be a component provided on the end cover 3 , or the housing 1 may be used as the pressure relief device 6 , or the end cover 3 may be used as the pressure relief device 6 .
  • the specific structure of the pressure relief device 6 will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
  • Figure 4 is an isometric view of the pressure relief device 6 provided by some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 5 is a top view of the pressure relief device 6 shown in Figure 4
  • Figure 6 is the pressure relief device 6 shown in Figure 5 A-A sectional view of the pressure device 6
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a pressure relief device 6 , including a pressure relief portion 61 , at least one level of sinking groove 62 and at least one level of scoring groove 63 .
  • the pressure relief portion 61 has a first surface 611 and a second surface 612 oppositely disposed in the thickness direction Z thereof.
  • At least one level of sinking groove 62 and at least one level of scoring groove 63 are sequentially disposed on the pressure relief portion 61 along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612 .
  • the groove bottom wall 613 of the first-level sinker 62 farthest from the first surface 611 has an opening area 6131, and the scoring groove 63 is arranged along the edge of the opening area 6131, and the opening area 6131 is configured to be able to be farthest from the first surface.
  • the primary scoring groove 63 of 611 is open for the boundary.
  • the pressure relief part 61 can be a part installed on the end cover 3, for example, the pressure relief part 61 is a burst-proof plate installed on the end cover 3; the pressure relief part 61 can also be used as the end cover 3 as a whole; the pressure relief part 61 can be A part of the housing 1 , for example, the pressure relief portion 61 may be a wall of the housing 1 or a part of a wall.
  • the first surface 611 and the second surface 612 of the pressure relief part 61 are two opposite surfaces of the pressure relief part 61 in its thickness direction Z, and the distance between the first surface 611 and the second surface 612 is thickness.
  • the first surface 611 may be the outer surface of the end cover 3 facing the outside of the battery cell 10
  • the second surface 612 may be the inner surface of the end cover 3 facing the battery cell 10's interior.
  • a one-stage sinker 62 may be provided on the pressure relief portion 61 , and a multi-stage sinker 62 may also be provided. If multi-stage sinking grooves 62 are arranged on the pressure relief part 61, the multi-stage sinking grooves 62 are sequentially arranged on the pressure relief part 61 along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612, and the contours of the bottom surfaces of the sinking grooves 62 at each level are gradually reduced. Small.
  • the sinker 62 can be in various shapes, such as rectangle, circle and so on.
  • the sinker groove 62 on the pressure relief part 61 can be formed in various ways, such as stamping, milling and so on.
  • the pressure relief portion 61 may be provided with one-stage scoring grooves 63 , and may also be provided with multi-stage scoring grooves 63 . If the pressure relief portion 61 is provided with multi-level scoring grooves 63 , the multi-level scoring grooves 63 are sequentially disposed on the pressure relief portion 61 along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612 .
  • the scoring groove 63 can be grooves of various shapes, such as circular arc shape, H shape, U shape, ring shape and so on.
  • the notch groove 63 on the pressure relief portion 61 can be formed in various ways, such as stamping, milling and so on.
  • At least one sinking groove 62 and at least one scoring groove 63 can be stamped and formed sequentially on the pressure relief part 61 along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612.
  • a level sinker 62 and at least one level of scoring groove 63 can be stamped and formed sequentially on the pressure relief part 61 along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612.
  • a level sinker 62 and at least one level of scoring groove 63 can be stamped and formed sequentially on the pressure relief part 61 along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612.
  • a level sinker 62 and at least one level of scoring groove 63 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 is provided with a first-level scoring groove 63 and a first-level sinking groove 62 , and both the scoring groove 63 and the sinking groove 62 are stamped and formed, which can be stamped and formed on the first surface 611 first.
  • the sinking groove 62 is stamped and formed with a scoring groove 63 on the bottom surface of the sinking groove
  • At least one level of sinking groove 62 and at least one level of scoring groove 63 are sequentially provided with a pressure relief part 61 along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612.
  • All sinker grooves 62 can be formed on the pressure relief part 61 first, and then all scoring grooves 63 can be formed.
  • the primary scoring groove 63 closest to the first surface 611 is disposed on the bottom surface of the primary sinking groove 62 farthest from the first surface 611 .
  • the first-level scoring groove 63 is the first-level scoring groove 63 closest to the first surface 611 and the first-level scoring groove farthest from the first surface 611. 63; if only the first-level sinker 62 is set in the pressure relief part 61, the first-level sinker 62 is not only the first-level sinker 62 closest to the first surface 611, but also the first-level sinker 62 farthest from the first surface 611 .
  • the groove bottom wall 613 of the first-level sinker 62 farthest from the first surface 611 is the part of the pressure relief part 61 below the bottom surface of the first-level sinker 62 farthest from the first surface 611, and the pressure relief part 61 is formed at the farthest After the first level sinker 62 on the first surface 611 , the remaining part of the pressure relief portion 61 where the first level sinker 62 is located is the groove bottom wall 613 of the first level sinker 62 farthest from the first surface 611 . As shown in FIG.
  • the part of the pressure relief part 61 below the bottom surface of the sinker 62 is the groove of the primary sinker 62 farthest from the first surface 611 Bottom wall 613 .
  • the opening area 6131 is the area where the pressure relief part 61 releases the pressure. For the battery cell 10, when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 10 reaches a threshold value, the opening area 6131 will be marked with a first-level notch farthest from the first surface 611.
  • the slot 63 is open to the boundary for pressure relief.
  • the opening area 6131 is formed on the bottom wall 613 of the first-level sinker 62 farthest from the first surface 611, and the opening area 6131 is in the bottom wall 613 of the first-level sinker 62 farthest from the first surface 611.
  • the open portion is bounded by the primary scoring groove 63 farthest from the first surface 611 .
  • the opening area 6131 can be opened in a disengaged manner, or in an overturned manner.
  • the scoring groove 63 is arranged along the edge of the opening area 6131. It can be understood that if the pressure relief part 61 is provided with multi-level scoring grooves 63, the shape of each level of scoring groove 63 is basically the same, and they are all along the opening area. 6131's edge setting.
  • At least one level of sinking groove 62 and at least one level of scoring groove 63 are sequentially arranged on the pressure relief part 61 along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612.
  • the relief part can be formed step by step.
  • Pressure groove and scoring groove 63 thereby reducing the forming force received by the pressure relief part 61, reducing the risk of cracks in the pressure relief part 61, the pressure relief device 6 is not easy to fail due to cracks at the position where the scoring groove 63 is set, and improves The long-term reliability of the pressure relief device 6 is ensured.
  • the sinking groove 62 and the scoring groove 63 in the pressure relief part 61 can be formed on the pressure relief part 61 first, and then the scoring groove 63 can be formed on the pressure relief part 61, so that the forming depth of each level of groove is relatively It is shallower, so that the pressure relief portion 61 is subjected to less molding force, which can not only reduce the risk of cracks in the pressure relief portion 61 , but also improve the flatness of the first surface 611 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 is thinned as a whole in the area where the sinking groove 62 is set, and the hardness of the remaining part in this area is improved, so that the pressure relief part 61 is formed after the scoring groove 63 is finally formed.
  • the hardness of the residual part in the area of the scoring groove 63 is increased, so that the long-term reliability is better, the impact resistance is better, and the probability of being damaged by external impact is reduced.
  • the scoring groove 63 is arranged along the edge of the opening area 6131, and the opening area 6131 can be opened with the first-level scoring groove 63 farthest from the first surface 611 as the boundary, the pressure relief area of the pressure relief part 61 is increased, and the pressure relief area is improved.
  • the pressure relief rate of the pressure relief part 61 is specified.
  • the sinker 62 can provide an avoidance space for the opening process of the opening area 6131, even if the first surface 611 is blocked by an obstacle. Blocked, the open area 6131 can still be opened to release pressure.
  • FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of part B of the pressure relief device 6 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the notch groove 63 comprises a first groove segment 631, a second groove segment 632 and a third groove segment 633, the first groove segment 631 and the second groove segment 632 are arranged oppositely, and the first groove segment 631 and the second groove segment 632 are all connected to The third slot segment 633 intersects, and the first slot segment 631 , the second slot segment 632 and the third slot segment 633 are arranged along the edge of the opening area 6131 .
  • the first slot section 631, the second slot section 632 and the third slot section 633 can be linear slots, the first slot section 631 can be parallel to the second slot section 632, the first slot section 631 and the second slot section 632 can be It is perpendicular to the third groove segment 633 .
  • the position where the first slot segment 631 intersects with the third slot segment 633 can be located at one end of the third slot segment 633, or at a position deviated from one end of the third slot segment 633, so that one end of the third slot segment 633 is along the third slot.
  • the extension direction of the segment 633 is beyond the first groove segment 631 .
  • the position where the second groove segment 632 intersects with the third groove segment 633 can be located at the other end of the third groove segment 633, or can be located at a position deviated from the other end of the third groove segment 633, so that the other end of the third groove segment 633 is along the The extending direction of the third groove segment 633 exceeds the second groove segment 632 .
  • the third slot segment 633 may be located at the ends of the first slot segment 631 and the second slot segment 632 , for example, the first slot segment 631 , the third slot segment 633 and the second slot segment 632 are sequentially connected to form a U shape.
  • the third groove segment 633 can also be located in the middle of the first groove segment 631 and the second groove segment 632, for example, as shown in Figure 7, the first groove segment 631, the second groove segment 632 and the third groove segment 633 form a H shape.
  • the pressure relief portion 61 is provided with multi-level scoring grooves 63
  • the first-level scoring grooves far away from the first surface 611 The first groove section 631 in 63 is arranged on the bottom surface of the first groove section 631 in the first-level scoring groove 63 close to the first surface 611, and the extension direction of the adjacent two-stage first groove section 631 is the same;
  • the second groove segment 632 in the first-level scoring groove 63 of a surface 611 is arranged on the bottom surface of the second groove segment 632 in the first-level scoring groove 63 close to the first surface 611, and the adjacent two-level second grooves
  • the extension direction of the segments 632 is the same;
  • the third groove segment 633 in the primary scoring groove 63 away from the first surface 611 is arranged on the bottom surface of the third groove segment 633 in the primary scoring groove 63 close to the first surface 611,
  • the opening area can be opened with the first groove segment, the second groove segment and the third groove segment as boundaries, which increases the pressure relief area of the pressure relief part and improves the pressure relief rate of the pressure relief part.
  • FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged view of the pressure relief device 6 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the pressure relief portion 61 is provided with a fourth slot section 64 , the fourth slot section 64 is located between the first slot section 631 and the second slot section 632 , and the fourth slot section 64 intersects the third slot section 633 .
  • the fourth slot segment 64 may be a straight slot.
  • the fourth groove section 64 is correspondingly arranged with the scoring groove 63, if the pressure relief part 61 is provided with a first-level scoring groove 63, then the pressure relief part 61 is correspondingly provided with a first-level fourth groove section 64; if the pressure relief part 61 is provided with multi-stage scoring If the notched groove 63 is used, the pressure relief part 61 is correspondingly provided with multiple fourth groove segments 64 , and the one-stage notched groove 63 is correspondingly provided with one-stage fourth groove segment 64 .
  • the first-stage fourth groove segment 64 away from the first surface 611 is arranged at the first-stage fourth groove segment close to the first surface 611.
  • the bottom surface of the four groove segments 64 makes the width of the multi-stage fourth groove segments 64 gradually decrease.
  • the fourth slot segment 64 may be parallel to the first slot segment 631 and the second slot segment 632 , and perpendicular to the third slot segment 633 .
  • the fourth slot segment 64 intersects the third slot segment 633 at a midpoint position of the fourth slot segment 64 and a midpoint position of the third slot segment 633 .
  • the length of the fourth slot section 64 is smaller than the lengths of the first slot section 631 and the second slot section 632 .
  • the stress at the intersection of the fourth groove segment 64 and the third groove segment 633 is more concentrated, and it is easier to break, so that the pressure relief part 61 moves from the intersection of the third groove segment 633 and the fourth groove segment 64 along the first
  • the third groove segment 633 is ruptured, and after the third groove segment 633 is ruptured, it is ruptured along the first groove segment 631 and the second groove segment 632 to realize rapid pressure relief.
  • the opening area 6131 can be opened with the first groove section 631, the second groove section 632 and the third groove section 633 as the boundary, which increases the pressure relief area of the pressure relief part 61 and improves the pressure relief part 61. pressure release rate.
  • the fourth groove segment 64 intersects the third groove segment 633 at an intersection position, and in the extension direction of the third groove segment 633, the distance from the intersection position to the first groove segment 631 is equal to that from the intersection position to the second groove segment 632 distance.
  • the distance from the intersection position to the first slot segment 631 is the length of the third slot segment 633 between the fourth slot segment 64 and the first slot segment 631 .
  • the distance from the intersection position to the second slot segment 632 is the length of the third slot segment 633 between the fourth slot segment 64 and the second slot segment 632 .
  • the distance from the intersection of the fourth groove segment 64 and the third groove segment 633 to the first groove segment 631 is equal to the distance from the intersection position of the fourth groove segment 64 and the third groove segment 633 to the second groove segment 632 , so that the pressure relief part 61 can break along the third groove segment 633 at the position where the fourth groove segment 64 intersects with the third groove segment 633, and then simultaneously rupture along the first groove segment 631 and the second groove segment 632, so that the opening Zone 6131 can be opened more quickly.
  • FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged view of the pressure relief device 6 provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • the pressure relief part 61 is provided with a fifth groove segment 65, and the first-level scoring groove farthest from the first surface 611 63 , the bottom surface of one or both of the first slot segment 631 , the second slot segment 632 and the third slot segment 633 is provided with a fifth slot segment 65 .
  • the fifth groove segment 65 is disposed on the bottom surface of the primary scoring groove 63 farthest from the first surface 611 .
  • a fifth groove segment 65 is provided on the bottom surface of the third groove segment 633 in the primary scoring groove 63 farthest from the first surface 611 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 is weaker at the position where the fifth groove segment 65 is provided, and is more likely to break, so that the pressure relief part 61 is ruptured along the groove segment provided with the fifth groove segment 65 when the pressure is released, and then along the remaining groove segment.
  • the groove section of the fifth groove section 65 is broken, which improves the timeliness of pressure relief.
  • the first slot segment 631 , the second slot segment 632 and the third slot segment 633 jointly define at least one opening area 6131 .
  • the opening area 6131 is jointly defined by the first groove segment 631 , the second groove segment 632 and the third groove segment 633 , and the scoring groove 63 is not a closed structure.
  • the opening area 6131 defined by the first groove segment 631 , the second groove segment 632 and the third groove segment 633 may be one or two.
  • the first groove segment 631, the second groove segment 632 and the third groove segment 633 form a U-shaped structure, and the opening area 6131 is one; for another example, the first groove segment 631, the second groove segment 632 and the third groove segment 633 forms an H-shaped structure, and there are two opening regions 6131 .
  • the opening area 6131 is jointly defined by the first groove segment 631, the second groove segment 632 and the third groove segment 633, the opening area 6131 can be opened in a reversed manner, and the opening area 6131 is always connected with the pressure relief part 61 after opening. It is not easy to fall off, and reduces the risk of splashing after the opening area 6131 is opened.
  • the first groove segment 631, the second groove segment 632 and the third groove segment 633 define two open areas 6131, and the two open areas 6131 are respectively located in the third groove both sides of segment 633.
  • the first groove segment 631 , the second groove segment 632 and the third groove segment 633 jointly define two open areas 6131 , and the first groove segment 631 , the second groove segment 632 and the third groove segment 633 may form an H-shaped structure.
  • the third slot section 633 and the first slot section 631 may intersect at the midpoint of the first slot section 631
  • the third slot section 633 and the second slot section 632 may intersect at the midpoint of the second slot section 632 .
  • the two opening areas 6131 are respectively located on both sides of the third groove segment 633, so that the two opening areas 6131 are bounded by the third groove segment 633, and after the pressure relief part 61 breaks at the position of the third groove segment 633, the two opening areas 6131
  • the first groove section 631 and the second groove section 632 are opened in half to realize pressure relief, which increases the pressure relief area and effectively improves the pressure relief rate of the pressure relief portion 61 .
  • FIG. 10 is a partial enlarged view of point C of the pressure relief device 6 shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the opening area 6131 is provided with a notch groove 66 , and there is a distance between the notch groove 66 and the third groove segment 633 in the extending direction of the first groove segment 631 .
  • the notch 66 can be completely located in the opening area 6131 , or partially located in the opening area 6131 .
  • the notch groove 66 is disposed on the surface of the bottom wall 613 of the primary sinker 62 farthest from the first surface 611 away from the first surface 611 .
  • the notch groove 66 can extend along the extending direction of the third groove segment 633 , so that the notch groove 66 is parallel to the third groove segment 633 .
  • a notch slot 66 can be provided correspondingly.
  • the first groove segment 631, the second groove segment 632 and the third groove segment 633 jointly define two opening areas 6131
  • two notch grooves 66 can be provided correspondingly, and one opening area 6131
  • a notch groove 66 is provided.
  • the notch groove 66 there is a distance between the notch groove 66 and the third groove segment 633 in the extending direction of the first groove segment 631, and the notch groove 66 is arranged in the opening area 6131, so that the pressure relief part 61 releases pressure during the pressure relief process.
  • a part of the part 61 located in the opening area 6131 can be turned around with the position of the pressure relief part 61 located in the notch 66 as an axis, so that the pressure relief part 61 can be opened more easily.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial enlarged view of the pressure relief device 6 provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • the scoring groove 63 also includes a sixth groove segment 634, the sixth groove segment 634 is opposite to the third groove segment 633, the first groove segment 631 and the second groove segment 632 all intersect the sixth groove segment 634, the first groove segment 631 , the second groove segment 632 , the third groove segment 633 and the sixth groove segment 634 jointly define an opening area 6131 .
  • the sixth slot section 634 may be arranged parallel to the third slot section 633 .
  • the first slot section 631 , the third slot section 633 , the second slot section 632 and the sixth slot section 634 may be sequentially connected end to end to form a closed structure.
  • the two ends of the first groove segment 631 can respectively exceed the third groove segment 633 and the sixth groove segment 634
  • the two ends of the second groove segment 632 can respectively exceed the third groove segment 633 and the sixth groove segment 634
  • the third groove segment 632 can respectively exceed the third groove segment 633 and the sixth groove segment 634.
  • Both ends of the slot segment 633 may respectively exceed the first slot segment 631 and the second slot segment 632
  • both ends of the sixth slot segment 634 may respectively exceed the first slot segment 631 and the second slot segment 632 .
  • the first slot segment 631 , the third slot segment 633 , the second slot segment 632 and the sixth slot segment 634 are sequentially connected end to end to form a rectangular structure.
  • the fourth groove section 64 may be provided on the pressure relief part 61 , or the fourth groove section 64 may not be provided.
  • the opening area 6131 is a closed area defined by the first groove segment 631, the second groove segment 632, the third groove segment 633 and the sixth groove segment 634.
  • the pressure relief part 61 can move along the When the first groove section 631, the second groove section 632, the third groove section 633 and the sixth groove section 634 are broken, the opening area 6131 can be opened in a disengaged manner, which increases the pressure relief area of the pressure relief part 61 and improves The pressure relief rate of the pressure relief part 61 is specified.
  • FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged view of the pressure relief device 6 provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • the scoring groove 63 is a non-closed groove extending along a non-closed track whose head and tail ends are not connected.
  • the scoring groove 63 may have various shapes, such as arc shape, U shape and so on.
  • the scoring groove 63 is a non-closed groove extending along a non-closed track whose two ends are not connected.
  • the opening area 6131 can be opened in an overturned manner. The areas are connected and are not easy to fall off, reducing the risk of splashing after the opening area 6131 is opened.
  • the scoring groove 63 is arc-shaped.
  • the arc-shaped scoring groove 63 has a simple structure and is easy to form. When the pressure is released, the pressure relief part 61 can be broken quickly along the arc-shaped scoring groove 63, so that the opening area 6131 can be quickly opened.
  • FIG. 13 is a partial enlarged view of the pressure relief device 6 provided in other embodiments of the present application.
  • the notch groove 63 is a closed groove extending along a closed track whose two ends are connected.
  • the shape of the scoring groove 63 can be various, for example, a circular ring, a rectangular ring, and the like.
  • the pressure relief part 61 can be broken along the scored groove 63, so that the opening area 6131 can be opened in a disengaged manner, which increases the pressure relief area of the pressure relief part 61 and improves the pressure relief.
  • the pressure relief rate of part 61 is not limited to
  • the scoring groove 63 is circular.
  • the annular scoring groove 63 has a simple structure and is easy to form. When the pressure is released, the pressure relief part 61 can be broken quickly along the circular scoring groove 63, so that the opening area 6131 can be quickly opened.
  • FIG. 14 is a D-D sectional view of the pressure relief device 6 shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 is provided with a first-level sinker 62 , and the sinker 62 is arranged on the first surface 611 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 is provided with a first-level sinker 62 , which is the first-level sinker 62 farthest from the first surface 611 , and the opening area 6131 is formed on the bottom wall 613 of the first-level sinker 62 .
  • the sinker 62 is disposed on the first surface 611 , understandably, the sinker 62 is recessed from the first surface 611 in a direction facing the second surface 612 .
  • the pressure relief portion 61 may be provided with a primary score groove 63 , or may be provided with a multi-stage score groove 63 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 is provided with a primary sinker 62, which is easy to form, improves production efficiency, and reduces production cost.
  • the pressure relief portion 61 is provided with a first-level scoring groove 63
  • the scoring groove 63 is provided on the bottom surface of the sinking groove 62 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 when the pressure relief part 61 is provided with a first-level sinking groove 62, the pressure relief part 61 is provided with a first-level notch groove 63, and the first-level notch groove 63 is the one farthest from the first surface 611.
  • Level scoring groove 63 The scoring groove 63 is disposed on the bottom surface of the sinking groove 62 , understandably, the scoring groove 63 is recessed from the bottom surface of the sinking groove 62 in a direction away from the first surface 611 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 when the pressure relief part 61 is provided with the first-level sinking groove 62, the pressure relief part 61 is provided with the first-level scoring groove 63, which is easy to form, improves production efficiency, and reduces production cost.
  • FIG. 15 is a top view of a pressure relief device 6 provided in another embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 16 is a partial enlarged view of E of the pressure relief device 6 shown in FIG. 15
  • FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of F-F of the pressure relief device 6 shown in FIG. 16
  • the pressure relief portion 61 is provided with multi-level scoring grooves 63 , and the multi-level scoring grooves 63 are sequentially arranged along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612 .
  • the first-level scoring groove 63 away from the first surface 611 is arranged on the bottom surface of the first-level scoring groove 63 close to the first surface 611, and the first-level scoring groove 63 closest to the first surface 611
  • the scoring groove 63 is disposed on the bottom surface of the sinking groove 62 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 may be provided with two-stage, three-stage, four-stage or five-stage scoring grooves 63 .
  • the first-stage notch groove 63 (the first-stage notch groove 63 closest to the first surface 611 ) is provided on the bottom surface of the sinker 62
  • the second-level scoring groove 63 (the primary scoring groove 63 farthest from the first surface 611 ) is disposed on the bottom surface of the first-level scoring groove 63 .
  • the multi-level scoring grooves 63 are sequentially arranged along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612, which can reduce the forming depth of each level of scoring grooves 63, thereby reducing the cost of forming each level of scoring grooves 63.
  • the molding force received by the pressure relief portion 61 reduces the risk of cracks in the pressure relief portion 61 .
  • each time a scoring groove 63 is processed the remaining part of the area where the pressure relief part 61 is provided with the scoring groove 63
  • the hardness increases accordingly, increasing the hardness of the remaining part of the pressure relief part 61 after the multi-level notch groove 63 is provided, so that the long-term reliability is better, the impact resistance is better, and the probability of damage by external impact is reduced.
  • the pressure relief portion 61 is provided with two-stage or three-stage scoring grooves 63 .
  • the pressure relief portion 61 may be provided with a two-stage or three-stage scoring groove 63 .
  • the pressure relief portion 61 is provided with two-stage scoring grooves 63 .
  • FIG. 18 is an isometric view of a pressure relief device 6 provided in another embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 19 is a view at G of the pressure relief device 6 shown in Fig. 18 Partial enlarged view
  • FIG. 20 is a partial view of the pressure relief device 6 shown in FIG. 18 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 is provided with multi-stage sinkers 62 , and the multi-stage sinkers 62 are sequentially arranged along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612 , among the adjacent two-stage sinkers 62 , one stage away from the first surface 611
  • the sinker 62 is disposed on the bottom surface of the primary sinker 62 close to the first surface 611 .
  • the outermost primary sinker 62 is disposed on the first surface 611 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 can be provided with two-stage, three-stage, four-stage or five-stage sinkers 62 .
  • the outermost primary sinker 62 is recessed from the first surface 611 toward the second surface 612 .
  • the first-stage sinking groove 62 (the outermost primary sinking groove 62) is arranged on the first surface 611
  • the second-stage sinking groove 62 is arranged on the first surface 611.
  • the opening area 6131 is formed on the bottom wall 613 of the second-level sinker 62 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 may be provided with one-stage notch grooves 63 , or may be provided with multi-stage notch grooves 63 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 is provided with multi-stage sinking grooves 62, which can make the forming depth of each stage of sinking grooves 62 relatively shallow, and can reduce the forming force on the pressure relief part 61 when forming each stage of sinking grooves 62, and reduce the pressure of the pressure relief part 61. Risk of cracking.
  • the multi-stage sinking groove 62 is processed step by step along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612, the hardness of the remaining part of the pressure relief part 61 where the sinking groove 62 is disposed increases accordingly for each stage of processing of the sinking groove 62.
  • the hardness of the remaining portion of the pressure relief portion 61 in the region of the scoring groove 63 is further increased.
  • the outer side of the sinker 62 has a larger cross-section (perpendicular to the thickness direction Z of the pressure relief part 61), and the multi-level sinker 62 can provide the opening of the opening area 6131. Avoid space more.
  • the pressure relief part 61 is provided with a first-level scoring groove 63 , and along the thickness direction Z, the scoring groove 63 is arranged at the first-level sinking groove 62 farthest from the first surface 611 bottom surface.
  • the primary sinker 62 farthest from the first surface 611 is the innermost primary sinker 62 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 when the pressure relief part 61 is provided with multi-stage sinking grooves 62, the pressure relief part 61 is provided with a first-level notch groove 63, and the first-level notch groove 63 is the one farthest from the first surface 611. Level scoring groove 63. As shown in FIG.
  • the first-stage sinker 62 (the outermost first-stage sinker 62 ) is arranged on the first surface 611
  • the second-stage sinker 62 ( The first-level sinker 62 ) farthest from the first surface 611 is disposed on the bottom of the first-level sinker 62
  • the scoring groove 63 is disposed on the bottom of the second-level sinker 62 .
  • the pressure relief portion 61 when the pressure relief portion 61 is provided with multi-stage sinking grooves 62 , the pressure relief portion 61 is provided with one-stage scoring grooves 63 , which is simple to form, improves production efficiency, and reduces production cost.
  • FIG. 21 is an isometric view of a pressure relief device 6 provided in some other embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 22 is a view at H of the pressure relief device 6 shown in Fig. 21 Partial enlarged view
  • FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view of the pressure relief device 6 shown in FIG. 22 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 is provided with multi-level scoring grooves 63, and the multi-level scoring grooves 63 are sequentially arranged along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612, and in the adjacent two-level scoring grooves 63, away from the first surface 611
  • the first-level scoring groove 63 is arranged on the bottom surface of the first-level scoring groove 63 close to the first surface 611, and the first-level scoring groove 63 closest to the first surface 611 is arranged on the first-level sinking groove farthest from the first surface 611 62 on the underside.
  • the pressure relief part 61 may be provided with two-stage, three-stage, four-stage or five-stage scoring grooves 63 .
  • the first-stage sinking groove 62 (the outermost primary sinking groove 62 ) is arranged on the first surface 611
  • the second-level sinker 62 (the first-level sinker 62 farthest from the first surface 611) is arranged on the bottom surface of the first-level sinker 62
  • the first-level scoring groove 63 (the first-level notch closest to the first surface 611) Grooves 63 ) are arranged on the bottom surface of the second-level sinker groove 62
  • the second-level scoring grooves 63 (the first-level scoring grooves 63 farthest from the first surface 611 ) are set
  • the multi-level scoring grooves 63 are sequentially arranged along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612, which can reduce the forming depth of each level of scoring grooves 63, thereby reducing the cost of forming each level of scoring grooves 63.
  • the molding force received by the pressure relief portion 61 reduces the risk of cracks in the pressure relief portion 61 .
  • each time a scoring groove 63 is processed the remaining part of the area where the pressure relief part 61 is provided with the scoring groove 63
  • the hardness increases accordingly, increasing the hardness of the remaining part of the pressure relief part 61 after the multi-level notch groove 63 is provided, so that the long-term reliability is better, the impact resistance is better, and the probability of damage by external impact is reduced.
  • the pressure relief portion 61 is provided with two-stage or three-stage scoring grooves 63 .
  • the pressure relief portion 61 may be provided with two-stage or three-stage scoring grooves 63 .
  • the pressure relief portion 61 is provided with two-stage scoring grooves 63 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 is provided with two-stage or three-stage sinkers 62 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 is provided with two-stage sinks 62 .
  • the pressure relief part 61 is provided with multi-level scoring grooves 63, and the multi-level scoring grooves 63 are sequentially arranged along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612, and the adjacent Among the two-stage scoring grooves 63 , the maximum width of the primary scoring groove 63 away from the first surface 611 is smaller than the minimum width of the primary scoring groove 63 close to the first surface 611 .
  • the pressure relief portion 61 may be provided with one-stage sinking grooves 62 , or may be provided with multi-stage sinking grooves 62 .
  • the maximum width of the primary scoring groove 63 away from the first surface 611 is smaller than that of the primary scoring groove 63 close to the first surface 611.
  • the minimum width that is, the width of the multi-level scoring groove 63 decreases step by step along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612 .
  • the maximum width of the first-level scoring groove 63 away from the first surface 611 does not limit the width of the first-level scoring groove 63 away from the first surface 611 among the adjacent two-level scoring grooves 63.
  • the width of the primary scoring groove 63 away from the first surface 611 can also be referred to as the maximum width.
  • the minimum width of the first-level scoring groove 63 close to the first surface 611 does not limit the width of the first-level scoring groove 63 close to the first surface 611 among the adjacent two-level scoring grooves 63.
  • the width of the primary scoring groove 63 close to the first surface 611 can also be referred to as the minimum width.
  • the scoring groove 63 includes the first groove segment 631 , the second groove segment 632 and the third groove segment 633 , for adjacent two-stage scoring grooves 63 .
  • the maximum width of the first groove section 631 of the primary scoring groove 63 away from the first surface 611 is smaller than the minimum width of the first groove section 631 of the primary scoring groove 63 near the first surface 611;
  • the maximum width of the second groove section 632 of the primary scoring groove 63 is smaller than the minimum width of the second groove section 632 of the primary scoring groove 63 close to the first surface 611; the primary scoring groove 63 far away from the first surface 611
  • the maximum width of the third groove segment 633 is smaller than the minimum width of the third groove segment 633 of the primary scoring groove 63 close to the first surface 611 .
  • the widths of the scoring grooves 63 at each level are gradually reduced along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612, and can be sequentially along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612 during molding. Forming the scoring grooves 63 at all levels facilitates the forming of the scoring grooves 63 at all levels.
  • sinker 62 is a rectangular or circular groove.
  • the cross section of the side of the sinker 62 is a rectangle. If the sinker 62 is a circular groove, the cross section of the groove side of the sinker 62 is circular. Wherein, the cross section is perpendicular to the thickness direction Z of the pressure relief portion 61 .
  • the sinker 62 is a rectangular groove.
  • the sinker groove 62 is a rectangular groove or a circular groove.
  • the sinker groove 62 has a simple structure and is easy to form, and can provide more escape space for the opening of the opening area 6131 .
  • the first surface 611 is provided with a flange 6111 , and the flange 6111 surrounds the sinker 62 provided on the first surface 611 .
  • the flange 6111 is a closed structure extending along a closed track, and the flange 6111 may be a circular ring or a rectangular ring structure. If the sinker 62 is a rectangular groove, the flange 6111 can be arranged in a rectangular ring structure; if the sinker 62 is a circular groove, the flange 6111 can be arranged in a circular ring structure.
  • the groove side of the primary sinker 62 disposed on the first surface 611 is compared with the edge line of the first surface 611, the edge line is located in the flange 6111, and there is a distance between the edge line and the inner surface of the flange 6111 .
  • the flange 6111 can strengthen the pressure relief part 61 and improve the deformation resistance of the pressure relief area of the pressure relief part 61 .
  • the setting of the flange 6111 is convenient for installing a protection member to protect the opening area 6131 .
  • the pressure relief portion 61 partially protrudes from the second surface 612 in a direction away from the first surface 611 to form a convex portion 6121 .
  • the protruding portion 6121 includes a groove bottom wall 613 and a reinforcement portion 6121 a , the reinforcement portion 6121 a is connected to the second surface 612 and surrounds the groove bottom wall 613 .
  • the outer contour shape of the convex part 6121 can be various, such as circular, rectangular and so on.
  • the pressure relief portion 61 may partially protrude along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612 when the sinker groove 62 is formed by stamping on the pressure relief portion 61 to form a convex portion 6121 protruding from the second surface 612 .
  • the primary sinker 62 farthest from the first surface 611 is located in the protrusion 6121 , that is, the bottom surface of the primary sinker 62 farthest from the first surface 611 is further away from the first surface 611 than the second surface 612 , so that the reinforcing portion 6121 a It is arranged around the primary sinker 62 farthest from the first surface 611 .
  • the notch groove 66 may be disposed on the surface of the protrusion 6121 away from the second surface 612 .
  • the projection of the inner surface of the flange 6111 along the thickness direction Z of the pressure relief part 61 may be located at the convex part 6121, further improving the pressure relief area of the pressure relief part 61. Resistance to deformation.
  • the reinforcing part 6121a is connected to the second surface 612, which can strengthen the bottom wall 613 of the groove, improve the deformation resistance of the bottom wall 613 of the groove, and reduce the position where the bottom wall 613 of the groove is provided with the scoring groove 63 Risk of injury from force.
  • the second surface 612 is provided with a groove 6122 , and the groove 6122 is disposed around the protrusion 6121 .
  • the groove 6122 is a closed structure extending along a closed track, and the shape of the groove 6122 can be various, for example, a circular ring, a rectangular ring, and the like. If the outer contour of the convex portion 6121 is circular, the groove 6122 can be configured as a circular ring; if the outer contour of the convex portion 6121 is rectangular, the groove 6122 can be correspondingly configured as a rectangular ring.
  • the arrangement of the groove 6122 can absorb the energy transmitted from the pressure relief part 61 to the convex part 6121 , even if the pressure relief part 61 is deformed, it is not easy to be transmitted to the area where the notch groove 63 is provided.
  • the height of the protrusion 6121 protruding from the second surface 612 is H 1
  • the distance between 612 is H 2 , which satisfies: H 1 ⁇ H 2 .
  • the height of the convex portion 6121 protruding from the second surface 612 is the distance between the surface of the convex portion 6121 away from the second surface 612 and the second surface 612, and the distance between the first surface 611 and the second surface 612 The distance is the thickness of the pressure relief portion 61 .
  • H 1 ⁇ H 2 so that the height of the convex portion 6121 protruding from the second surface 612 is relatively large, and the strengthening effect of the reinforcing portion 6121 a on the bottom wall 613 of the groove is enhanced.
  • the pressure relief portion 61 is an end cover 3 , and the end cover 3 is used to close the opening of the housing 1 .
  • first surface 611 is the outer surface of the end cap 3 and the second surface 612 is the inner surface of the end cap 3; it can also be that the first surface 611 is the inner surface of the end cap 3 and the second surface 612 is the The outer surface.
  • the outer surface of the end cover 3 is the surface of the end cover 3 facing away from the housing 1
  • the inner surface of the end cover 3 is the surface of the end cover 3 facing the housing 1 .
  • the end cap 3 has a pressure relief function, and the pressure relief structure is formed by providing a notch groove 63 on the end cap 3 .
  • the pressure relief structure has better stability and good long-term reliability.
  • the first surface 611 is a surface of the end cover 3 facing away from the housing 1 .
  • the surface of the end cover 3 facing away from the housing 1 is the outer surface of the end cover 3 , even if the outer surface of the end cover 3 is blocked by obstacles, the opening area 6131 can still be opened for pressure relief.
  • Figure 24 is an isometric view of a pressure relief device 6 provided in another embodiment of the present application; Partial zoom-in.
  • the pressure relief device 6 is a casing 1, which forms an accommodation space inside the casing 1.
  • the casing 1 includes a plurality of walls, and the plurality of walls jointly define the accommodation space, and the accommodation space is used to accommodate the electrode assembly 2.
  • At least one wall is Pressure relief part 61.
  • one wall portion may serve as the pressure relief portion 61 , or a plurality of wall portions may serve as the pressure relief portion 61 . If the plurality of wall portions are the pressure relief portions 61 , the casing 1 has a plurality of pressure relief portions 61 correspondingly.
  • the first surface 611 of the pressure relief portion 61 may be the outer surface of the wall or the inner surface of the wall. The outer surface of the wall is the surface of the wall facing away from the electrode assembly 2 , and the inner surface of the wall is the surface of the wall facing the electrode assembly 2 .
  • the pressure relief device 6 not only has the function of accommodating the electrode assembly 2, but also has the function of pressure relief.
  • the housing 1 includes a peripheral wall 67 and a bottom wall 68, the peripheral wall 67 surrounds the edge of the bottom wall 68, the peripheral wall 67 and the bottom wall 68 jointly define an accommodation space, the peripheral wall 67 and the bottom The opposite end of the wall 68 forms an opening, and the bottom wall 68 is the pressure relief portion 61 .
  • the peripheral wall 67 surrounds the edge of the bottom wall 68 , so that the housing 1 forms an opening at the opposite end of the bottom wall 68 , and the end cover 3 is used to cover the opening.
  • the peripheral wall 67 and the bottom wall 68 are integrally formed.
  • the housing 1 may have two wall parts, one wall part being the bottom wall 68 and the other wall part being the cylindrical peripheral wall 67 .
  • the housing 1 may have five walls, a bottom wall 68 and four side walls, and the four side walls are connected end to end to form a peripheral wall 67 .
  • the bottom wall 68 is the pressure relief portion 61 , the bottom wall 68 of the pressure relief device 6 has a pressure relief function, which is convenient for releasing the pressure inside the accommodation space.
  • the first surface 611 is the outer surface of the wall.
  • the first surface 611 is the outer surface of the bottom wall 68 .
  • the scoring groove 63 can be processed and formed on the outside of the wall, and the molding is more convenient.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell 10, including the pressure relief device 6 provided in any one of the above embodiments.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery 100, including the battery cell 10 provided in any one of the above embodiments.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electric device, including the battery 100 provided in any one of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the electric device may be any of the above-mentioned devices using the battery 100 .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an end cover 3, the end cover 3 has opposite first surface 611 and second surface 612 in its thickness direction Z, and the end cover 3 is provided with a primary sinker 62 And the first-level scoring groove 63 , the sinker groove 62 and the scoring groove 63 are arranged in sequence along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612 .
  • the bottom wall 613 of the sinker groove 62 has an opening area 6131 , and the scoring groove 63 is arranged along the edge of the opening area 6131 , and the opening area 6131 is configured to be open with the scoring groove 63 as a boundary.
  • the sinker 62 is a rectangular groove.
  • the notch groove 63 comprises a first groove segment 631, a second groove segment 632 and a third groove segment 633, the first groove segment 631 and the second groove segment 632 are arranged oppositely, and the first groove segment 631 and the second groove segment 632 are all connected to
  • the third groove segment 633 intersects, the first groove segment 631, the second groove segment 632 and the third groove segment 633 are arranged along the edge of the opening area 6131, the first groove segment 631, the second groove segment 632 and the third groove segment 633 Forming an H shape, the first groove segment 631 , the second groove segment 632 and the third groove segment 633 jointly define two open areas 6131 , and the two open areas 6131 are respectively located on two sides of the third groove segment 633 .
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a housing 1, the housing 1 is a cuboid structure, the bottom wall 68 of the housing 1 is provided with a first-level sinking groove 62 and a two-level scoring groove 63, a The level sinker groove 62 and the two-level scoring groove 63 are sequentially arranged along the direction from the first surface 611 to the second surface 612 .
  • the sinking groove 62 is a rectangular groove, the sinking groove 62 is arranged on the first surface 611, the groove bottom wall 613 of the sinking groove 62 has an opening area 6131, and the score groove 63 is arranged along the edge of the opening area 6131, and the opening area 6131 is configured to be able to Open with the first-level scoring groove 63 farthest from the first surface 611 as a boundary.
  • the notch groove 63 comprises a first groove section 631, a second groove section 632 and a third groove section 633, the first groove section 631 and the second groove section 632 are arranged oppositely, and the first groove section 631 and the second groove section 632 are all connected to each other.
  • the third groove segment 633 intersects, the first groove segment 631, the second groove segment 632 and the third groove segment 633 are arranged along the edge of the opening area 6131, the first groove segment 631, the second groove segment 632 and the third groove segment 633 Two opening regions 6131 are jointly defined, and the two opening regions 6131 are respectively located on two sides of the third groove segment 633 .
  • the pressure relief portion 61 is provided with a fourth slot section 64 , the fourth slot section 64 is located between the first slot section 631 and the second slot section 632 , and the fourth slot section 64 intersects the third slot section 633 .

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种泄压装置、电池单体、电池及用电设备，属于电池技术领域。其中，泄压装置包括泄压部、至少一级沉槽及至少一级刻痕槽。泄压部在其厚度方向上具有相对设置的第一表面和第二表面。至少一级沉槽和至少一级刻痕槽沿第一表面到第二表面的方向依次设置于泄压部。其中，最远离第一表面的一级沉槽的槽底壁具有开启区，刻痕槽沿着开启区的边缘设置，开启区被配置为能够以最远离第一表面的一级刻痕槽为边界打开。在成型时，可以逐级成型泄压槽和刻痕槽，从而降低了泄压部受到的成型力，降低泄压部产生裂纹的风险，泄压装置不易因在设置刻痕槽的位置产生裂纹而失效，提高了泄压装置的长期可靠性。

Description

泄压装置、电池单体、电池及用电设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2021年08月31日提交的名称为“泄压装置、电池单体、电池及用电设备”的国际专利申请PCT/CN2021/115766的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种泄压装置、电池单体、电池及用电设备。
背景技术
电池广泛用于电子设备，例如手机、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、电动飞机、电动轮船、电动玩具汽车、电动玩具轮船、电动玩具飞机和电动工具等等。
在电池技术中，为保证电池单体的安全性，一般会在电池单体中设置泄压装置，在电池单体内部或温度达到阈值时，泄压装置在设置刻痕槽的位置破裂，以泄放电池单体内部的压力。对于一般的泄压装置而言，在电池单体的内部压力处于正常范围内时也可能会出现泄压的情况，长期可靠性较差。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种泄压装置、电池单体、电池及用电设备，能够有效提高泄压装置的长期可靠性。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种泄压装置，包括泄压部、至少一级沉槽及至少一级刻痕槽；泄压部在其厚度方向上具有相对设置的第一表面和第二表面；至少一级沉槽和至少一级刻痕槽沿第一表面到第二表面的方向依次设置于泄压部；其中，最远离第一表面的一级沉槽的槽底壁具有开启区，刻痕槽沿着开启区的边缘设置，开启区被配置为能够以最远离第一表面的一级刻痕槽为边界打开。
上述技术方案中，至少一级沉槽和至少一级刻痕槽沿第一表面到第二表面的方向依次设置于泄压部，在成型时，可以逐级成型泄压槽和刻痕槽，从而降低了泄压部受到的成型力，降低泄压部产生裂纹的风险，泄压装置不易因在设置刻痕槽的位置产生裂纹而失效，提高了泄压装置的长期可靠性。
在一些实施例中，刻痕槽包括第一槽段、第二槽段和第三槽段，第一槽段和第二槽段相对设置，第一槽段和第二槽段均与第三槽段相交，第一槽段、第二槽段和第三槽段沿着开启区的边缘设置。这样，开启区能够以第一槽段、第二槽段和第三槽段为边界打开，增大了泄压部的泄压面积，提高了泄压部的泄压速率。
在一些实施例中，泄压部设置有第四槽段，第四槽段位于第一槽段和第二槽段之间，第四槽段与第三槽段相交。第四槽段与第三槽段相交处应力更为集中，更容易破裂，使得泄压部在泄压过程中从第三槽段与第四槽段相交的位置沿着第三槽段破裂，并在第三槽段破裂后沿着第一槽段和第二槽段破裂，以实现快速泄压。
在一些实施例中，第四槽段与第三槽段相交于相交位置，在第三槽段的延伸方向上，相交位置到第一槽段的距离等于相交位置到第二槽段的距离。这样，使得泄压部能够在第四槽段与第三槽段相交的位置沿着第三槽段破裂后，沿着第一槽段和第二槽段同步破裂，使得开启区能够更为快速地打开。
在一些实施例中，泄压部设置有第五槽段，在最远离第一表面的一级刻痕槽中，第一槽段、第二槽段和第三槽段中的一者或两者的底面设置有第五槽段。泄压部在设置第五槽段的位置更加薄弱，更容易破裂，使得泄压部在泄压时，先沿着设置有第五槽段的槽段破裂，然后再沿着未设置第五槽段的槽段破裂，提高了泄压及时性。
在一些实施例中，第一槽段、第二槽段和第三槽段共同界定出至少一个开启区。开启区由第一槽段、第二槽段和第三槽段共同界定，开启区能够以翻转的方式打开，开启区打开后始终与泄压部的其他区域相连，不易脱落，降低开启区打开后发生飞溅的风险。
在一些实施例中，第一槽段、第二槽段和第三槽段界定出两个开启区，两个开启区分别位于第三槽段的两侧。泄压部在泄压过程中，泄压部在两个开启区的部分能够以对开的方式打开泄压，增大了泄压面积，可有效提高泄压部的泄压速率。
在一些实施例中，刻痕槽还包括第六槽段，第六槽段与第三槽段相对设置，第一槽段和第二槽段均与第六槽段相交，第一槽段、第二槽段、第三槽段和第六槽段共同界定出开启区。这样，开启区为由第一槽段、第二槽段、第三槽段和第六槽段界定出的封闭区域，泄压部在泄压过程中，泄压部能够沿着第一槽段、第二槽段、第三槽段和第六槽段破裂，使得开启区能够以脱离的方式打开，增大了泄压部的泄压面积，提高了泄压部的泄压速率。
在一些实施例中，刻痕槽为沿首尾两端不相连的非封闭轨迹延伸的非封闭槽。这样，开启区能够以翻转的方式打开，开启区打开后始终与泄压部的其他区域相连，不易脱落，降低开启区打开后发生飞溅的风险。
在一些实施例中，刻痕槽为圆弧形。圆弧形刻痕槽结构简单，易于成型。在泄压时，泄压部能够沿着圆弧形刻痕槽快速破裂，以使开启区快速打开。
在一些实施例中，刻痕槽为沿首尾两端相连的封闭轨迹延伸的封闭槽。泄压部在泄压过程中，泄压部能够沿着刻痕槽破裂，使得开启区能够以脱离的方式打开，增大了泄压部的泄压面积，提高了泄压部的泄压速率。
在一些实施例中，刻痕槽为圆环形。圆环形刻痕槽结构简单，易于成型。在泄压时，泄压部能够沿着圆环形刻痕槽快速破裂，以使开启区快速打开。
在一些实施例中，泄压部设置一级沉槽，沉槽设置于第一表面。泄压部设置一级沉槽，成型简单，提高了生产效率，降低了生产成本。
在一些实施例中，泄压部设置一级刻痕槽，刻痕槽设置于沉槽的底面。泄压部设置一级刻痕槽，成型简单，提高了生产效率，降低了生产成本。
在一些实施例中，泄压部设置多级刻痕槽，多级刻痕槽沿第一表面到第二表面的方向依次设置；在相邻的两级刻痕槽中，远离第一表面的一级刻痕槽设置于靠近第一表面的一级刻痕槽的底面，最靠近第一表面的一级刻痕槽设置于沉槽的底面。多级刻痕槽沿第一表面到第二表面的方向依次设置，可以降低每级刻痕槽的成型深度，从而降低在成型每级刻痕槽时泄压部所受到的成型力，降低了泄压部产生裂纹的风险。在沿第一表面到第二表面的方向逐级加工多级刻痕槽的过程中，每加工一级刻痕槽，泄压部设置刻痕槽的区域的残留部分的硬度就随之增加，提高泄压部设置多级刻痕槽后残留部分的硬度，使得长期可靠性更好，具有更好的抗冲击能力，受到外力冲击破损的概率降低。
在一些实施例中，泄压部设置两级或三级刻痕槽。
在一些实施例中，泄压部设置多级沉槽，多级沉槽沿第一表面到第二表面的方向依次设置，在相邻的两级沉槽中，远离第一表面的一级沉槽设置于靠近第一表面的一级沉槽的底面；其中，沿厚度方向，最外侧的一级沉槽设置于第一表面。泄压部设置多级沉槽，能够使得每级沉槽的成型深度相对较浅，能够降低在成型每级沉槽时泄压部所受到的成型力，降低泄压部产生裂纹的风险。在沿第一表面到第二表面的方向逐级加工多级沉槽时，每加工一级沉槽，泄压部设置沉槽区域的残留部分的硬度就随之增加，使得泄压部在刻痕槽区域的残留部分的硬度进一步增大。
在一些实施例中，泄压部设置一级刻痕槽，沿厚度方向，刻痕槽设置于最远离第一表面的一级沉槽的底面。泄压部设置一级刻痕槽，成型简单，提高了生产效率，降低了生产成本。
在一些实施例中，泄压部设置多级刻痕槽，多级刻痕槽沿第一表面到第二表面的方向依次设置，在相邻的两级刻痕槽中，远离第一表面的一级刻痕槽设置于靠近第一表面的一级刻痕槽的底面，最靠近第一表面的一级刻痕槽设置于最远离第一表面的一级沉槽的底面。多级刻痕槽沿第一表面到第二表面的方向依次设置，可以降低每级刻痕槽的成型深度，从而降低在成型每级刻痕槽时泄压部所受到的成型力，降低了泄压部产生裂纹的风险。在沿第一表面到第二表面的方向逐级加工多级刻痕槽的过程中，每加工一级刻痕槽，泄压部设置刻痕槽的区域的残留部分的硬度就随之增加，提高泄压部设置多级刻痕槽后残留部分的硬度，使得长期可靠性更好，具有更好的抗冲击能力，受到外力冲击破损的概率降低。
在一些实施例中，泄压部设置两级或三级刻痕槽。
在一些实施例中，泄压部设置两级或三级沉槽。
在一些实施例中，泄压部设置多级刻痕槽，多级刻痕槽沿第一表面到第二表面的方向依次设置，在相邻的两级刻痕槽中，远离第一表面的一级刻痕槽的最大宽度小于靠近第一表面的一级刻痕槽的最小宽度。在成型时，可以沿第一表面到第二表面的方向依次成型各级刻痕槽，便于各级刻痕槽成型。
在一些实施例中，沉槽为矩形槽或圆形槽。沉槽结构简单，易于成型，能够为开启区的打开提供更多避让空间。
在一些实施例中，第一表面设置有凸缘，凸缘环绕在设置于第一表面的沉槽的周围。凸缘能够加强泄压部，提高泄压部的泄压区域的抗变形能力。此外，凸缘的设置便于安装保护件，以保护开启区。
在一些实施例中，泄压部局部从第二表面向背离第一表面的方向凸出形成凸部；凸部包括槽底壁和加强部，加强部连接于第二表面，并围设于槽底壁的周围。加强部连接于第二表面，能够对槽底壁起到加强作用，提高了槽底壁的抗变形能力，降低槽底壁设置刻痕槽的位置受力损伤的风险。
在一些实施例中，第二表面设置有凹槽，凹槽环绕凸部设置。凹槽的设置能吸收泄压部受力传递到凸部的能量，即使泄压部变形也不易被传递到设置刻痕槽的区域。
在一些实施例中，沿厚度方向，凸部凸出于第二表面的高度为H 1，第一表面与第二表面之间的距离为H 2，满足：H 1≥H 2。这样，使得凸部凸出于第二表面的高度较大，增强加强部对槽底壁的加强作用。
在一些实施例中，泄压部为端盖，端盖用于封闭壳体的开口。使得端盖具有泄压功能，通过在端盖上设置刻痕槽的方式来形成泄压结构，泄压结构具有更好的稳定性，具有良好的长期可靠性。
在一些实施例中，第一表面为端盖背离壳体的表面。
在一些实施例中，泄压装置为壳体，壳体内部形成容纳空间，壳体包括多个壁部，多个壁部共同界定出容纳空间，容纳空间用于容纳电极组件，至少一个壁部为泄压部。这种结构的泄压装置既具有容纳电极组件的容纳功能，又具有泄压功能。
在一些实施例中，壳体包括周壁和底壁，周壁围设于底壁的边缘，周壁与底壁共同界定出容纳空间，周壁与底壁相对的一端形成开口，底壁为泄压部。使得泄压装置的底壁具有泄压功能，便于泄放容纳空间内部的压力。
在一些实施例中，第一表面为壁部的外表面。这样，可以在壁部的外侧加工成型沉槽和刻痕槽，便于在底壁上加工沉槽和刻痕槽。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体，包括上述第一方面任意一个实施例提供的泄压装置。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池，包括上述第二方面任意一个实施例提供的电池单体。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种用电设备，包括上述第三方面任意一个实施例提供的电池。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的泄压装置的轴测图；
图5为图4所示泄压装置的俯视图；
图6为图5所示的泄压装置的A-A剖视图；
图7为图5所示的泄压装置的B处的局部放大图；
图8为本申请一些实施例提供的泄压装置的局部放大图；
图9为本申请另一些实施例提供的泄压装置的局部放大图；
图10为图6所示的泄压装置的C处的局部放大图；
图11为本申请又一些实施例提供的泄压装置的局部放大图；
图12为本申请再一些实施例提供的泄压装置的局部放大图；
图13为本申请其他实施例提供的泄压装置的局部放大图；
图14为图7所示的泄压装置的D-D剖视图；
图15为本申请另一些实施例提供的泄压装置的俯视图；
图16为图15所示泄压装置的E处的局部放大图；
图17为图16所示的泄压装置的F-F剖视图；
图18为本申请另一些实施例提供的泄压装置的轴测图；
图19为图18所示的泄压装置的G处的局部放大图；
图20为图18所示的泄压装置的局部剖视图；
图21为本申请再一些实施例提供的泄压装置的轴测图；
图22为图21所示的泄压装置的H处的局部放大图；
图23为图22所示的泄压装置的局部剖视图；
图24为本申请又一些实施例提供的泄压装置的轴测图；
图25为图24所示的泄压装置的I处的局部放大图。
图标：1-壳体；2-电极组件；21-正极极耳；22-负极极耳；3-端盖；31-正极电极端子；32-负极电极端子；4-集流构件；5-绝缘件；6-泄压装置；61-泄压部；611-第一表面；6111-凸缘；612-第二表面；6121-凸部；6121a-加强部；6122-凹槽；613-槽底壁；6131-开启区；62-沉槽；63-刻痕槽；631-第一槽段；632-第二槽段；633-第三槽段；634-第六槽段；64-第四槽段；65-第五槽段；66-缺口槽；67-周壁；68-底壁；10-电池单体；20-箱体；201-第一部分；202-第二部分；100-电池；200-控制器；300-马达；1000-车辆；Z-厚度方向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数，另外，还需要考虑电池的安全性。
电池单体上的泄压装置对电池的安全性有着重要影响。例如，当发生短路、过充等现象时，可能会导致电池单体内部发生热失控从而压力或温度骤升。这种情况下通过泄压机构致动可以将内部压力及温度向外释放，以防止电池单体爆炸、起火。
发明人发现，在一般的电池单体中，泄压装置在电池单体的内部压力处于正常范围内也会出现泄压的情况，导致电池单体失效。发明人进一步研究发现，泄压装置一般是在泄压部设置刻痕槽，为保证泄压装置在电池单体内部压力或温度达到阈值时能够正常泄压，需要将刻痕槽加工较深，泄压部上的刻痕槽成型后，容易产生裂纹，出现电池单体的内部压力处于正常范围(未达到阈值)内泄压装置泄压的情况。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种泄压装置，在泄压装置的泄压部上从第一表面到第二表面的方向依次布置至少一级沉槽及至少一级刻痕槽，最远离第一表面的一级沉槽的槽底壁具有开启区，刻痕槽沿着开启区的边缘设置，开启区被配置为能够以最远离第一表面的一级刻痕槽为边界打开。
在这样的泄压装置中，至少一级沉槽和至少一级刻痕槽沿第一表面到第二表面的方向依次设置于泄压部，在成型时，可以逐级成型泄压槽和刻痕槽，从而降低了泄压部受到的成型力，降低泄压部产生裂纹的风险，泄压装置不易因在设置刻痕槽的位置产生裂纹而失效，提高了泄压装置的长期可靠性。
本申请实施例描述的泄压装置适用于电池以及使用电池的用电设备。
用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电设备为车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。
车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的结构示意图。电池100包括电池单体10和箱体20，箱体20用于容纳电池单体10。
其中，箱体20是容纳电池单体10的部件，箱体20为电池单体10提供收容空间，箱体20可以是多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体20可以包括第一部分201和第二部分202，第一部分201与第二部分202相互盖合，以限定出用于容纳电池单体10的收容空间。第一部分201和第二部分202可以是多种形状，比如，长方体、圆柱体等。第一部分201可以是一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分202也可以是一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分202的开放侧盖合于第一部分201的开放侧，则形成具有收容空间的箱体20。也可以是第一部分201为一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分202为板状结构，第二部分202盖合于第一部分201的开放侧，则形成具有收容空间的箱体20。第一部分201与第二部分202可以通过密封元件来实现密封，密封元件可以是密封圈、密封胶等。
在电池100中，电池单体10可以是一个、也可以是多个。若电池单体10为多个，多个电池单体10之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体10中既有串联又有并联。可以是多个电池单体10先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体20内。也可以是所有电池单体10之间直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将所有电池单体10构成的整体容纳于箱体20内。
在一些实施例中，电池100还可以包括汇流部件，多个电池单体10之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现多个电池单体10的串联或并联或混联。汇流部件可以是金属导体，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等。
请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体10的爆炸图。电池单体10包括壳体1、电极组件2、端盖3、绝缘件5和泄压装置6(图3未示出)。
壳体1是用于容纳电极组件2的部件，壳体1可以是一端形成开口的空心结构。壳体1可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。壳体1的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
壳体1内的电极组件2可以是一个，也可以是多个。例如，如图所示，电极组件2为多个，多个电极组件2层叠布置于壳体1内。
电极组件2是电池单体10中发生电化学反应的部件。电极组件2可以包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离 膜。电极组件2可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过卷绕形成的卷绕式结构，也可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过层叠布置形成的层叠式结构。
正极极片可以包括正极集流体和涂覆于正极集流体相对的两侧的正极活性物质层。负极极片可以包括负极集流体和涂覆于负极集流体相对的两侧的负极活性物质层。电极组件2具有正极极耳21和负极极耳22，正极极耳21可以是正极极片上未涂覆正极活性物质层的部分，负极极耳22可以是负极极片上未涂覆负极活性物质层的部分。
端盖3是盖合于壳体1的开口以将电池单体10的内部环境与外部环境隔绝的部件。端盖3盖合于壳体1的开口，端盖3与壳体1共同限定出用于容纳电极组件2、电解液以及其他部件的密封空间。端盖3的形状可以与壳体1的形状相适配，比如，壳体1为长方体结构，端盖3为与壳体1相适配的矩形板状结构，再如，壳体1为圆柱体结构，端盖3为与壳体1相适配的圆形板状结构。端盖3的材质也可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等，端盖3的材质与壳体1的材质可以相同，也可以不同。
端盖3上可以设置电极端子，电极端子用于与电极组件2电连接，以输出电池单体10的电能。电极端子可以包括正极电极端子31和负极电极端子32，正极电极端子31用于与正极极耳21电连接，负极电极端子32用于与负极极耳22电连接。正极电极端子31与正极极耳21可以直接连接，也可以间接连接，负极电极端子32与负极极耳22可以直接连接，也可以间接连接。示例性的，正极电极端子31通过一个集流构件4与正极极耳21电连接，负极电极端子32通过另一个集流构件4与负极极耳22电连接。
绝缘件5是将壳体1与电极组件2分隔的部件，通过绝缘件5来实现壳体1与电极组件2的绝缘隔离。绝缘件5为绝缘材质，绝缘件5可以是诸如塑料、橡胶等绝缘材质。示例性的，绝缘件5周向包覆于电极组件2的外周，可理解的，在电极组件2为多个的情况下，绝缘件5周向包覆于多个电极组件2整体的外周。
泄压装置6是泄放电池单体10内部的压力的部件，在电池单体10内部的压力或温度达到阈值时，通过泄压装置6泄放电池单体10内部的压力。泄压装置6可以是设置于端盖3上的部件，也可以是壳体1作为泄压装置6，也可以是端盖3作为泄压装置6。以下结合附图对泄压装置6的具体结构进行详细阐述。
请参照图4-图6，图4为本申请一些实施例提供的泄压装置6的轴测图，图5为图4所示泄压装置6的俯视图，图6为图5所示的泄压装置6的A-A剖视图，本申请实施例提供一种泄压装置6，包括泄压部61、至少一级沉槽62及至少一级刻痕槽63。泄压部61在其厚度方向Z上具有相对设置的第一表面611和第二表面612。至少一级沉槽62和至少一级刻痕槽63沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向依次设置于泄压部61。其中，最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62的槽底壁613具有开启区6131，刻痕槽63沿着开启区6131的边缘设置，开启区6131被配置为能够以最远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63为边界打开。
泄压部61可以是安装于端盖3上的部件，比如，泄压部61为安装于端盖3上的防爆片；泄压部61也可以整体作为端盖3；泄压部61可以是壳体1的一部分，比如，泄压部61可以是壳体1的一个壁部或是一个壁部的一部分。
泄压部61的第一表面611和第二表面612为泄压部61在其厚度方向Z上相对的两个表面，第一表面611与第二表面612之间的距离为泄压部61的厚度。以泄压部61为端盖3为例，第一表面611可以是端盖3的外表面，面向电池单体10的外部，第二表面612可以是端盖3的内表面，面向电池单体10的内部。
泄压部61上可以设置一级沉槽62，也可以设置多级沉槽62。若泄压部61上设置多级沉槽62，多级沉槽62沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向依次设置于泄压部61，各级沉槽62的底面的轮廓逐级减小。沉槽62可以是多种形状，比如矩形、圆形等。泄压部61上的沉槽62可以采用多种方式加工成型，比如冲压成型、铣削加工成型等。
泄压部61上可以设置一级刻痕槽63，也可以设置多级刻痕槽63。若泄压部61上设置多级刻痕槽63，多级刻痕槽63沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向依次设置于泄压部61。刻痕槽63可以是多种形状的槽，比如，圆弧形、H形、U形、环形等。泄压部61上的刻痕槽63可以采用多种方式加工成型，比如冲压成型、铣削加工成型等。以采用冲压成型的方式成型至少一级沉槽62及至少一级刻痕槽63为例，可沿着第一表面611到第二表面612的方向在泄压部61上依次冲压成型出至少一级沉槽62及至少一级刻痕槽63。比如，如图6所示，泄压部61上设置一级刻痕槽63和一级沉槽62，且刻痕槽63和沉槽62均冲压成型，可以先在第一表面611上冲压成型沉槽62，再在沉槽62的底面上冲压成型出刻痕槽63。
至少一级沉槽62和至少一级刻痕槽63沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向依次设置泄压部61，在成型时，沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向，可以先在泄压部61上成型所有沉槽62，然后再成型所有刻痕槽63。可理解的，最靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63设置于最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62的底面。若泄压部61中仅设置一级刻痕槽63，该一级刻痕槽63既是最靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63，也是最远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63；若泄压部61中仅设置一级沉槽62，该一级沉槽62既是最靠近第一表面611的一级沉槽62，又是最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62。
最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62的槽底壁613即为泄压部61在最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62的 底面以下的部分，在泄压部61成型最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62以后，泄压部61设置该一级沉槽62的区域的残留部分即为最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62的槽底壁613。如图6所示，以泄压部61设置一级沉槽62为例，泄压部61在该沉槽62的底面以下的部分即为最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62的槽底壁613。
开启区6131为泄压部61泄压的区域，对于电池单体10而言，在电池单体10内部压力或温度达到阈值时，开启区6131将以最远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63为边界打开，以实现泄压。开启区6131形成于最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62的槽底壁613，开启区6131为最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62的槽底壁613中在泄压时能够以最远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63为边界打开的部分。开启区6131可以以脱离的方式打开，也可以以翻转的方式打开。刻痕槽63沿着开启区6131的边缘设置，可理解的，若泄压部61上设置有多级刻痕槽63，使得每级刻痕槽63的形状基本一致，并均沿着开启区6131的边缘设置。
在本申请实施例中，至少一级沉槽62和至少一级刻痕槽63沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向依次设置于泄压部61，在成型时，可以逐级成型泄压槽和刻痕槽63，从而降低了泄压部61受到的成型力，降低泄压部61产生裂纹的风险，泄压装置6不易因在设置刻痕槽63的位置产生裂纹而失效，提高了泄压装置6的长期可靠性。
在泄压部61成型沉槽62和刻痕槽63时，可以先在泄压部61上成型沉槽62，再在泄压部61上成型刻痕槽63，使得每级槽的成型深度相对较浅，使得泄压部61受到的成型力较小，既可以降低泄压部61产生裂纹的风险，又可以提高第一表面611的平面度。在泄压部61上成型沉槽62后，使得泄压部61在设置沉槽62的区域整体减薄，提高了该区域残留部分的硬度，使得最终成型刻痕槽63后泄压部61在刻痕槽63区域的残留部分的硬度增大，使得长期可靠性更好，具有更好的抗冲击能力，受到外力冲击破损的概率降低。
由于刻痕槽63沿着开启区6131的边缘设置，且开启区6131能够以最远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63为边界打开，增大了泄压部61的泄压面积，提高了泄压部61的泄压速率。此外，由于最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62的槽底壁613具有开启区6131，沉槽62能够为开启区6131打开的过程中提供避让空间，即使第一表面611被障碍物所遮挡，开启区6131仍然能够打开泄压。
在一些实施例中，请参照图7，图7为图5所示的泄压装置6的B处的局部放大图。刻痕槽63包括第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633，第一槽段631和第二槽段632相对设置，第一槽段631和第二槽段632均与第三槽段633相交，第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633沿着开启区6131的边缘设置。
第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633均可以是直线形槽，第一槽段631可以与第二槽段632平行，第一槽段631和第二槽段632可以与第三槽段633垂直。第一槽段631与第三槽段633相交的位置可以位于第三槽段633的一端，也可以位于偏离第三槽段633的一端的位置，使得第三槽段633的一端沿第三槽段633的延伸方向超出第一槽段631。第二槽段632与第三槽段633相交的位置可以位于第三槽段633的另一端，也可以位于偏离第三槽段633的另一端的位置，使得第三槽段633的另一端沿第三槽段633的延伸方向超出第二槽段632。第三槽段633可以位于第一槽段631和第二槽段632的端部，比如，第一槽段631、第三槽段633和第二槽段632依次连接形成U形。第三槽段633也可以位于第一槽段631和第二槽段632的中间位置，比如，如图7所示，第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633形成H形。
需要说明的是，在泄压部61设置有多级刻痕槽63的实施例中，可理解的，在相邻的两级刻痕槽63中，远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63中的第一槽段631设置于靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63中的第一槽段631的底面，且相邻的两级第一槽段631的延伸方向相同；远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63中的第二槽段632设置于靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63中的第二槽段632的底面，且相邻的两级第二槽段632的延伸方向相同；远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63中的第三槽段633设置于靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63中的第三槽段633的底面，且相邻的两级第三槽段633的延伸方向相同。
在本实施例中，开启区能够以第一槽段、第二槽段和第三槽段为边界打开，增大了泄压部的泄压面积，提高了泄压部的泄压速率。
在一些实施例中，请参照图8，图8为本申请一些实施例提供的泄压装置6的局部放大图。泄压部61设置有第四槽段64，第四槽段64位于第一槽段631和第二槽段632之间，第四槽段64与第三槽段633相交。
第四槽段64可以是直线形槽。第四槽段64与刻痕槽63对应设置，若泄压部61设置一级刻痕槽63，则泄压部61对应设置一级第四槽段64；若泄压部61设置多级刻痕槽63，则泄压部61对应设置多级第四槽段64，一级刻痕槽63对应设置一级第四槽段64。沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向，在相邻的两级第四槽段64中，远离第一表面611的一级第四槽段64设置于靠近第一表面611的一级第四槽段64的底面，使得多级第四槽段64的宽度逐级减小。
第四槽段64可以平行于第一槽段631和第二槽段632，且垂直于第三槽段633。
示例性的，第四槽段64与第三槽段633相交于第四槽段64的中点位置以及第三槽段633的中点位置。第四槽段64的长度小于第一槽段631和第二槽段632的长度。
第四槽段64与第三槽段633相交处应力更为集中，更容易破裂，使得泄压部61在泄压过程中从第三槽 段633与第四槽段64相交的位置沿着第三槽段633破裂，并在第三槽段633破裂后沿着第一槽段631和第二槽段632破裂，以实现快速泄压。
在本实施例中，开启区6131能够以第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633为边界打开，增大了泄压部61的泄压面积，提高了泄压部61的泄压速率。
在一些实施例中，第四槽段64与第三槽段633相交于相交位置，在第三槽段633的延伸方向上，相交位置到第一槽段631的距离等于相交位置到第二槽段632的距离。
在第三槽段633的延伸方向上，相交位置到第一槽段631的距离即为第三槽段633在第四槽段64与第一槽段631之间的部分的长度。在第三槽段633的延伸方向上，相交位置到第二槽段632的距离即为第三槽段633在第四槽段64与第二槽段632之间的部分的长度。以第三槽段633的两端分别连接于第一槽段631和第二槽段632为例，第四槽段64设置于第三槽段633的中间位置，则实现相交位置到第一槽段631的距离等于相交位置到第二槽段632的距离。
在本实施例中，由于第四槽段64与第三槽段633相交位置到第一槽段631的距离等于第四槽段64与第三槽段633相交位置到第二槽段632的距离，使得泄压部61能够在第四槽段64与第三槽段633相交的位置沿着第三槽段633破裂后，沿着第一槽段631和第二槽段632同步破裂，使得开启区6131能够更为快速地打开。
请参照图9，图9为本申请另一些实施例提供的泄压装置6的局部放大图，泄压部61设置有第五槽段65，在最远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63中，第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633中的一者或两者的底面设置有第五槽段65。
可理解的，第五槽段65设置于最远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的底面。示例性的，在图9中，在最远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63中的第三槽段633的底面设置有第五槽段65。
泄压部61在设置第五槽段65的位置更加薄弱，更容易破裂，使得泄压部61在泄压时，先沿着设置有第五槽段65的槽段破裂，然后再沿着未设置第五槽段65的槽段破裂，提高了泄压及时性。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图7-图9，第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633共同界定出至少一个开启区6131。
开启区6131由第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633共同界定出，刻痕槽63并不是封闭结构。第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633界定出的开启区6131可以是一个，也可以是两个。比如，第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633形成U形结构，开启区6131则为一个；再如，第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633形成H形结构，开启区6131则为两个。
本实施例中，开启区6131由第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633共同界定，开启区6131能够以翻转的方式打开，开启区6131打开后始终与泄压部61的其他区域相连，不易脱落，降低开启区6131打开后发生飞溅的风险。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图7-图9，第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633界定出两个开启区6131，两个开启区6131分别位于第三槽段633的两侧。
第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633共同界定出两个开启区6131，第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633可以构成H形结构。第三槽段633与第一槽段631可以相交于第一槽段631的中点位置，第三槽段633与第二槽段632可以相交于第二槽段632的中点位置。
两个开启区6131分别位于第三槽段633的两侧，使得两个开启区6131以第三槽段633分界，泄压部61在第三槽段633的位置破裂后，两个开启区6131将沿着第一槽段631和第二槽段632以对开的形式打开，以实现泄压，增大了泄压面积，可有效提高泄压部61的泄压速率。
在一些实施例中，请参照图7-图10，图10为图6所示的泄压装置6的C处的局部放大图。开启区6131设置有的缺口槽66，在第一槽段631的延伸方向上，缺口槽66与第三槽段633存在距离。
缺口槽66可以完全位于开启区6131，也可以部分位于开启区6131。
示例性的，缺口槽66设置于最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62的槽底壁613背离第一表面611的表面。
缺口槽66可以沿着第三槽段633的延伸方向延伸，使得缺口槽66平行于第三槽段633。
在第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633共同界定出一个开启区6131的实施例中，可以对应设置一个缺口槽66。如图9所示，在第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633共同界定出两个开启区6131的实施例中，可以对应设置两个缺口槽66，一个开启区6131对应设置一个缺口槽66。
在本实施例中，缺口槽66在第一槽段631的延伸方向上与第三槽段633存在距离，且缺口槽66设置于开启区6131，使得泄压部61在泄压过程，泄压部61位于开启区6131的一部分能够以泄压部61位于缺口槽66的 位置为轴翻转，更加容易打开泄压部61。
在一些实施例中，请参照图11，图11为本申请又一些实施例提供的泄压装置6的局部放大图。刻痕槽63还包括第六槽段634，第六槽段634与第三槽段633相对设置，第一槽段631和第二槽段632均与第六槽段634相交，第一槽段631、第二槽段632、第三槽段633和第六槽段634共同界定出开启区6131。
第六槽段634可以与第三槽段633平行设置。可以是第一槽段631、第三槽段633、第二槽段632和第六槽段634首尾依次连接形成封闭结构。当然，第一槽段631的两端可以分别超出第三槽段633和第六槽段634，第二槽段632的两端可以分别超出第三槽段633和第六槽段634，第三槽段633的两端可以分别超出第一槽段631和第二槽段632，第六槽段634的两端可以分别超出第一槽段631和第二槽段632。示例性的，在图11中，第一槽段631、第三槽段633、第二槽段632和第六槽段634首尾依次连接形成矩形结构。
需要说明的是，在本实施例中，泄压部61上可以设置第四槽段64，也可以不设置第四槽段64。
开启区6131为由第一槽段631、第二槽段632、第三槽段633和第六槽段634界定出的封闭区域，泄压部61在泄压过程中，泄压部61能够沿着第一槽段631、第二槽段632、第三槽段633和第六槽段634破裂，使得开启区6131能够以脱离的方式打开，增大了泄压部61的泄压面积，提高了泄压部61的泄压速率。
在一些实施例中，请参照图12，图12为本申请再一些实施例提供的泄压装置6的局部放大图。刻痕槽63为沿首尾两端不相连的非封闭轨迹延伸的非封闭槽。
在本实施例中，刻痕槽63的形状可以是多种，比如，圆弧形、U形等。
在本实施例中，刻痕槽63为沿首尾两端不相连的非封闭轨迹延伸的非封闭槽，开启区6131能够以翻转的方式打开，开启区6131打开后始终与泄压部61的其他区域相连，不易脱落，降低开启区6131打开后发生飞溅的风险。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图12，刻痕槽63为圆弧形。圆弧形刻痕槽63结构简单，易于成型。在泄压时，泄压部61能够沿着圆弧形刻痕槽63快速破裂，以使开启区6131快速打开。
在一些实施例中，请参照图13，图13为本申请其他实施例提供的泄压装置6的局部放大图。刻痕槽63为沿首尾两端相连的封闭轨迹延伸的封闭槽。
在本实施例中，刻痕槽63的形状可以是多种，比如，圆环形，矩形环等。
泄压部61在泄压过程中，泄压部61能够沿着刻痕槽63破裂，使得开启区6131能够以脱离的方式打开，增大了泄压部61的泄压面积，提高了泄压部61的泄压速率。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图13，刻痕槽63为圆环形。圆环形刻痕槽63结构简单，易于成型。在泄压时，泄压部61能够沿着圆环形刻痕槽63快速破裂，以使开启区6131快速打开。
在一些实施例中，请参照图14，图14为图7所示的泄压装置6的D-D剖视图。泄压部61设置一级沉槽62，沉槽62设置于第一表面611。
泄压部61设置一级沉槽62，该一级沉槽62即为最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62，开启区6131形成于该一级沉槽62的槽底壁613。沉槽62设置于第一表面611，可理解的，沉槽62从第一表面611沿面向第二表面612的方向凹陷。在泄压部61设置一级沉槽62的情况下，泄压部61上可以设置一级刻痕槽63，也可以设置多级刻痕槽63。
在本实施例中，泄压部61设置一级沉槽62，成型简单，提高了生产效率，降低了生产成本。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图14，泄压部61设置一级刻痕槽63，刻痕槽63设置于沉槽62的底面。
在本实施例中，在泄压部61设置一级沉槽62的情况下，泄压部61设置一级刻痕槽63，该一级刻痕槽63即为最远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63。刻痕槽63设置于沉槽62的底面，可理解的，刻痕槽63从沉槽62的底面向背离第一表面611的方向凹陷。
在本实施例中，在泄压部61设置一级沉槽62的情况下，泄压部61设置一级刻痕槽63，成型简单，提高了生产效率，降低了生产成本。
在一些实施例中，请参照图15-图17，图15为本申请另一些实施例提供的泄压装置6的俯视图；图16为图15所示泄压装置6的E处的局部放大图；图17为图16所示的泄压装置6的F-F剖视图。泄压部61设置多级刻痕槽63，多级刻痕槽63沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向依次设置。在相邻的两级刻痕槽63中，远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63设置于靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的底面，最靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63设置于沉槽62的底面。
在泄压部61设置一级沉槽62的情况下，泄压部61可以设置两级、三级、四级或五级等刻痕槽63。如图17所示，以泄压部61设置两级刻痕槽63为例，第一级刻痕槽63(最靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63)设置 于沉槽62的底面，第二级刻痕槽63(最远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63)设置于第一级刻痕槽63的底面。
在本实施例中，多级刻痕槽63沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向依次设置，可以降低每级刻痕槽63的成型深度，从而降低在成型每级刻痕槽63时泄压部61所受到的成型力，降低了泄压部61产生裂纹的风险。在沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向逐级加工多级刻痕槽63的过程中，每加工一级刻痕槽63，泄压部61设置刻痕槽63的区域的残留部分的硬度就随之增加，提高泄压部61设置多级刻痕槽63后残留部分的硬度，使得长期可靠性更好，具有更好的抗冲击能力，受到外力冲击破损的概率降低。
在一些实施例中，泄压部61设置两级或三级刻痕槽63。
可理解的，在泄压部61设置一级沉槽62的情况下，泄压部61可以设置两级或三级刻痕槽63。
示例性的，在图17中，泄压部61设置两级刻痕槽63。
在一些实施例中，请参照图18-图20，图18为本申请另一些实施例提供的泄压装置6的轴测图；图19为图18所示的泄压装置6的G处的局部放大图，图20为图18所示的泄压装置6的局部视图。泄压部61设置多级沉槽62，多级沉槽62沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向依次设置，在相邻的两级沉槽62中，远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62设置于靠近第一表面611的一级沉槽62的底面。其中，沿厚度方向Z，最外侧的一级沉槽62设置于第一表面611。
泄压部61可以设置两级、三级、四级或五级等沉槽62。最外侧的一级沉槽62从第一表面611向靠近第二表面612的方向凹陷。如图20所示，以泄压部61设置两级沉槽62为例，第一级沉槽62(最外侧的一级沉槽62)设置于第一表面611，第二级沉槽62设置于第一级沉槽62的底面。开启区6131形成于第二级沉槽62的槽底壁613。
在泄压部61设置多级沉槽62的情况下，泄压部61可以设置一级刻痕槽63，也可以设置多级刻痕槽63。
泄压部61设置多级沉槽62，能够使得每级沉槽62的成型深度相对较浅，能够降低在成型每级沉槽62时泄压部61所受到的成型力，降低泄压部61产生裂纹的风险。在沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向逐级加工多级沉槽62时，每加工一级沉槽62，泄压部61设置沉槽62区域的残留部分的硬度就随之增加，使得泄压部61在刻痕槽63区域的残留部分的硬度进一步增大。此外，在多级沉槽62中，越外侧的沉槽62的横截面(垂直于泄压部61的厚度方向Z)的轮廓尺寸越大，多级沉槽62能够为开启区6131的开启提供更多地避让空间。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照18-图20，泄压部61设置一级刻痕槽63，沿厚度方向Z，刻痕槽63设置于最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62的底面。
最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62即为最内侧的一级沉槽62。
在本实施例中，在泄压部61设置多级沉槽62的情况下，泄压部61设置一级刻痕槽63，该一级刻痕槽63即为最远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63。如图20所示，以泄压部61设置两级沉槽62为例，第一级沉槽62(最外侧的一级沉槽62)设置于第一表面611，第二级沉槽62(最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62)设置于第一级沉槽62的底面，刻痕槽63设置于第二级沉槽62的底面。
在本实施例中，在泄压部61设置多级沉槽62的情况下，泄压部61设置一级刻痕槽63，成型简单，提高了生产效率，降低了生产成本。
在一些实施例中，情参照图21-图23，图21为本申请再一些实施例提供的泄压装置6的轴测图；图22为图21所示的泄压装置6的H处的局部放大图，图23为图22所示的泄压装置6的局部剖视图。泄压部61设置多级刻痕槽63，多级刻痕槽63沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向依次设置，在相邻的两级刻痕槽63中，远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63设置于靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的底面，最靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63设置于最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62的底面。
在泄压部61设置多级沉槽62的情况下，泄压部61可以设置两级、三级、四级或五级等刻痕槽63。如图23所示，以泄压部61设置两级刻痕槽63和两级沉槽62为例，第一级沉槽62(最外侧的一级沉槽62)设置于第一表面611，第二级沉槽62(最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62)设置于第一级沉槽62的底面，第一级刻痕槽63(最靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63)设置于第二级沉槽62的底面，第二级刻痕槽63(最远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63)设置于第一级刻痕槽63的底面。
在本实施例中，多级刻痕槽63沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向依次设置，可以降低每级刻痕槽63的成型深度，从而降低在成型每级刻痕槽63时泄压部61所受到的成型力，降低了泄压部61产生裂纹的风险。在沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向逐级加工多级刻痕槽63的过程中，每加工一级刻痕槽63，泄压部61设置刻痕槽63的区域的残留部分的硬度就随之增加，提高泄压部61设置多级刻痕槽63后残留部分的硬度，使得长期可靠性更好，具有更好的抗冲击能力，受到外力冲击破损的概率降低。
在一些实施例中，泄压部61设置两级或三级刻痕槽63。
可理解的，在泄压部61设置多级沉槽62的情况下，泄压部61可以设置两级或三级刻痕槽63。
示例性的，在图23中，泄压部61设置两级刻痕槽63。
在一些实施例中，泄压部61设置两级或三级沉槽62。
示例性的，在图23中，泄压部61设置两级沉槽62。
在一些实施例中，如图17和图23，泄压部61设置多级刻痕槽63，多级刻痕槽63沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向依次设置，在相邻的两级刻痕槽63中，远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的最大宽度小于靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的最小宽度。
可理解的，在泄压部61设置多级刻痕槽63的情况下，泄压部61可以设置一级沉槽62，也可以设置多级沉槽62。
在泄压部61的厚度方向Z上相邻的两级刻痕槽63中，远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的最大宽度小于靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的最小宽度，也就是说，多级刻痕槽63的宽度沿着第一表面611到第二表面612的方向逐级减小。远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的最大宽度并不限制相邻的两级刻痕槽63中远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的宽度是渐变的，在远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的宽度未沿着泄压部61的厚度方向Z变化的情况下，远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的宽度也可称之为最大宽度。靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的最小宽度并不限制相邻的两级刻痕槽63中靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的宽度是渐变的，在靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的宽度未沿着泄压部61的厚度方向Z变化的情况下，靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的宽度也可以称之为最小宽度。
需要说明的是，在刻痕槽63包括第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633的实施例中，对于相邻的两级刻痕槽63而言，可理解的，远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的第一槽段631的最大宽度小于靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的第一槽段631的最小宽度；远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的第二槽段632的最大宽度小于靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的第二槽段632的最小宽度；远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的第三槽段633的最大宽度小于靠近第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63的第三槽段633的最小宽度。
在本实施例中，各级刻痕槽63的宽度沿着第一表面611到第二表面612的方向逐级减小，在成型时，可以沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向依次成型各级刻痕槽63，便于各级刻痕槽63成型。
在一些实施例中，沉槽62为矩形槽或圆形槽。
若沉槽62为矩形槽，沉槽62的槽侧面的横截面为矩形。若沉槽62为圆形槽，沉槽62的槽侧面的横截面为圆形。其中，横截面垂直于泄压部61的厚度方向Z。
示例性的，在图4-图23中，沉槽62为矩形槽。
在本实施例中，沉槽62为矩形槽或圆形槽，沉槽62结构简单，易于成型，能够为开启区6131的打开提供更多避让空间。
在一些实施例中，请参照图14、图17、图20和图23，第一表面611设置有凸缘6111，凸缘6111环绕在设置于第一表面611的沉槽62的周围。
凸缘6111为沿封闭轨迹延伸的封闭结构，凸缘6111可以是圆环形或矩形环结构。若沉槽62为矩形槽，可以将凸缘6111对应设置成矩形环结构；若沉槽62为圆形槽，可以将凸缘6111对应设置成圆环形结构。
示例性的，设置于第一表面611的一级沉槽62的槽侧面与第一表面611相较于边缘线，边缘线位于凸缘6111内，并且边缘线与凸缘6111的内侧面存在距离。
凸缘6111能够加强泄压部61，提高泄压部61的泄压区域的抗变形能力。此外，凸缘6111的设置便于安装保护件，以保护开启区6131。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图14、图17、图20和图23，泄压部61局部从第二表面612向背离第一表面611的方向凸出形成凸部6121。凸部6121包括槽底壁613和加强部6121a，加强部6121a连接于第二表面612，并围设于槽底壁613的周围。
凸部6121的外轮廓形状可以是多种，比如圆形、矩形等。可以是在泄压部61上通过冲压成型沉槽62时，使泄压部61局部沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向凸出，形成凸出于第二表面612的凸部6121。最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62位于凸部6121内，即最远离第一表面611的一级沉槽62的底面较第二表面612更远离于第一表面611，使得加强部6121a围绕最远离于第一表面611的一级沉槽62设置。
在泄压部61设置有缺口槽66的实施例中，缺口槽66可以设置于凸部6121背离第二表面612的表面。
在泄压部61设置有凸缘6111的实施例中，可以是凸缘6111的内侧面沿泄压部61的厚度方向Z的投影位于凸部6121，进一步提升泄压部61的泄压区域的抗变形能力。
在本实施例中，加强部6121a连接于第二表面612，能够对槽底壁613起到加强作用，提高了槽底壁613的抗变形能力，降低槽底壁613设置刻痕槽63的位置受力损伤的风险。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图14、图17、图20和图23，第二表面612设置有凹槽6122，凹槽6122环绕凸部6121设置。
凹槽6122为沿封闭轨迹延伸的封闭结构，凹槽6122的形状可以是多种，比如，圆环形、矩形环等。若凸部6121的外轮廓为圆形结构，可以将凹槽6122对应设置成圆环形；若凸部6121的外轮廓为矩形结构，则可以将凹槽6122对应设置成矩形环。
凹槽6122的设置能吸收泄压部61受力传递到凸部6121的能量，即使泄压部61变形也不易被传递到设置刻痕槽63的区域。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图14、图17、图20和图23，沿厚度方向Z，凸部6121凸出于第二表面612的高度为H 1，第一表面611与第二表面612之间的距离为H 2，满足：H 1≥H 2。
沿厚度方向Z，凸部6121凸出于第二表面612的高度为凸部6121背离第二表面612的表面与第二表面612之间的距离，第一表面611与第二表面612之间的距离为泄压部61的厚度。
在本实施例中，H 1≥H 2，使得凸部6121凸出于第二表面612的高度较大，增强加强部6121a对槽底壁613的加强作用。
在一些实施例中，请参照图4-图23，泄压部61为端盖3，端盖3用于封闭壳体1的开口。
可以是第一表面611为端盖3的外表面，第二表面612为端盖3的内表面；也可以是第一表面611为端盖3的内表面，第二表面612为端盖3的外表面。端盖3的外表面即为端盖3背离壳体1的表面，端盖3的内表面即为端盖3面向壳体1的表面。
在本实施例中，端盖3具有泄压功能，通过在端盖3上设置刻痕槽63的方式来形成泄压结构，泄压结构具有更好的稳定性，具有良好的长期可靠性。
在一些实施例中，第一表面611为端盖3背离壳体1的表面。端盖3背离壳体1的表面为端盖3的外表面，即使端盖3的外表面被障碍物遮挡，开启区6131仍然能够打开泄压。
在一些实施例中，请参照图24和图25，图24为本申请另一些实施例提供的泄压装置6的轴测图；图25为图24所示的泄压装置6的I处的局部放大图。泄压装置6为壳体1，壳体1内部形成容纳空间，壳体1包括多个壁部，多个壁部共同界定出容纳空间，容纳空间用于容纳电极组件2，至少一个壁部为泄压部61。
在壳体1中，可以是一个壁部为泄压部61，也可以是多个壁部为泄压部61。若多个壁部为泄压部61，壳体1则对应具有多个泄压部61。泄压部61的第一表面611可以是壁部的外表面，也可以是壁部的内表面。壁部的外表面即为壁部背离电极组件2的表面，壁部的内表面即为壁部面向电极组件2的表面。
在本实施例中，泄压装置6既具有容纳电极组件2的容纳功能，又具有泄压功能。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图24，壳体1包括周壁67和底壁68，周壁67围设于底壁68的边缘，周壁67与底壁68共同界定出容纳空间，周壁67与底壁68相对的一端形成开口，底壁68为泄压部61。
周壁67围设于底壁68的边缘，可以使得壳体1在底壁68相对的一端形成开口，端盖3用于盖合于开口。周壁67与底壁68为一体成型结构。
在壳体1为圆柱体的实施例中，壳体1可以有两个壁部，一个壁部为底壁68另一个壁部为圆柱形周壁67。如图24所示，在壳体1为长方体的实施例中，壳体1可以有五个壁部，一个底壁68和四个侧壁，四个侧壁首尾依次连接形成周壁67。
在本实施例中，由于底壁68为泄压部61，使得泄压装置6的底壁68具有泄压功能，便于泄放容纳空间内部的压力。
在一些实施例中，第一表面611为壁部的外表面。
可理解的，在底壁68为泄压部61的实施例中，第一表面611则为底壁68的外表面。
在壁部上成型沉槽62和刻痕槽63时，可以在壁部的外侧加工成型刻痕槽63，成型更为方便。
本申请实施例提供一种电池单体10，包括上述任意一个实施例提供的泄压装置6。
本申请实施例提供一种电池100，包括上述任意一个实施例提供的电池单体10。
本申请实施例提供一种用电设备，包括上述任意一个实施例提供的电池100。
用电设备可以是上述任一应用电池100的设备。
请参照图4-图7，本申请实施例提供一种端盖3，端盖3在其厚度方向Z上具有相对的第一表面611和第二表面612，端盖3设置一级沉槽62和一级刻痕槽63，沉槽62和刻痕槽63沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向依次设置。沉槽62的槽底壁613具有开启区6131，刻痕槽63沿着开启区6131的边缘设置，开启区6131被配置为能够以刻痕槽63为边界打开。沉槽62为矩形槽。刻痕槽63包括第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633，第一槽段631和第二槽段632相对设置，第一槽段631和第二槽段632均与第三槽段633相交，第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633沿着开启区6131的边缘设置，第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633形成H形，第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633共同界定出两个开启区6131，两个开启区6131分别位于第三槽段633的两侧。
请参照图24和图25，本申请实施例还提供一种壳体1，壳体1为长方体结构，壳体1的底壁68上设置有一级沉槽62和两级刻痕槽63，一级沉槽62和两级刻痕槽63沿第一表面611到第二表面612的方向依次设置。沉槽62为矩形槽，沉槽62设置于第一表面611，沉槽62的槽底壁613具有开启区6131，刻痕槽63沿着开启区6131的边缘设置，开启区6131被配置为能够以最远离第一表面611的一级刻痕槽63为边界打开。刻痕槽63包括第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633，第一槽段631和第二槽段632相对设置，第一槽段631和第二槽段632均与第三槽段633相交，第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633沿着开启区6131的边缘设置，第一槽段631、第二槽段632和第三槽段633共同界定出两个开启区6131，两个开启区6131分别位于第三槽段633的两侧。泄压部61设置有第四槽段64，第四槽段64位于第一槽段631和第二槽段632之间，第四槽段64与第三槽段633相交。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (35)

  1. 一种泄压装置，包括：
    泄压部，在其厚度方向上具有相对设置的第一表面和第二表面；
    至少一级沉槽及至少一级刻痕槽，所述至少一级沉槽和所述至少一级刻痕槽沿所述第一表面到所述第二表面的方向依次设置于所述泄压部；
    其中，最远离所述第一表面的一级所述沉槽的槽底壁具有开启区，所述刻痕槽沿着所述开启区的边缘设置，所述开启区被配置为能够以最远离所述第一表面的一级所述刻痕槽为边界打开。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的泄压装置，其中，所述刻痕槽包括第一槽段、第二槽段和第三槽段，所述第一槽段和所述第二槽段相对设置，所述第一槽段和所述第二槽段均与所述第三槽段相交，所述第一槽段、所述第二槽段和所述第三槽段沿着所述开启区的边缘设置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的泄压装置，其中，所述泄压部设置有第四槽段，所述第四槽段位于所述第一槽段和所述第二槽段之间，所述第四槽段与所述第三槽段相交。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的泄压装置，其中，所述第四槽段与所述第三槽段相交于相交位置，在所述第三槽段的延伸方向上，所述相交位置到所述第一槽段的距离等于所述相交位置到所述第二槽段的距离。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4中任一项所述的泄压装置，其中，所述泄压部设置有第五槽段，在最远离所述第一表面的一级所述刻痕槽中，所述第一槽段、所述第二槽段和所述第三槽段中的一者或两者的底面设置有所述第五槽段。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5中任一项所述的泄压装置，其中，所述第一槽段、所述第二槽段和所述第三槽段共同界定出至少一个所述开启区。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6中任一项所述的泄压装置，其中，所述第一槽段、所述第二槽段和所述第三槽段界定出两个所述开启区，两个所述开启区分别位于所述第三槽段的两侧。
  8. 根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的泄压装置，其中，所述刻痕槽还包括第六槽段，所述第六槽段与所述第三槽段相对设置，所述第一槽段和所述第二槽段均与所述第六槽段相交，所述第一槽段、所述第二槽段、所述第三槽段和所述第六槽段共同界定出所述开启区。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的泄压装置，其中，所述刻痕槽为沿首尾两端不相连的非封闭轨迹延伸的非封闭槽。
  10. 根据权利要求1或9所述的泄压装置，其中，所述刻痕槽为圆弧形。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的泄压装置，其中，所述刻痕槽为沿首尾两端相连的封闭轨迹延伸的封闭槽。
  12. 根据权利要求1或11所述的泄压装置，其中，所述刻痕槽为圆环形。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的泄压装置，其中，所述泄压部设置一级所述沉槽，所述沉槽设置于所述第一表面。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的泄压装置，其中，所述泄压部设置一级所述刻痕槽，所述刻痕槽设置于所述沉槽的底面。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的泄压装置，其中，所述泄压部设置多级所述刻痕槽，多级所述刻痕槽沿所述第一表面到所述第二表面的方向依次设置；
    在相邻的两级所述刻痕槽中，远离所述第一表面的一级所述刻痕槽设置于靠近所述第一表面的一级所述刻痕槽的底面，最靠近所述第一表面的一级所述刻痕槽设置于所述沉槽的底面。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的泄压装置，其中，所述泄压部设置两级或三级所述刻痕槽。
  17. 根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的泄压装置，其中，所述泄压部设置多级所述沉槽，多级所述沉槽沿所述第一表面到所述第二表面的方向依次设置，在相邻的两级所述沉槽中，远离所述第一表面的一级所述沉槽设置于靠近所述第一表面的一级所述沉槽的底面；
    其中，沿所述厚度方向，最外侧的一级所述沉槽设置于所述第一表面。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的泄压装置，其中，所述泄压部设置一级所述刻痕槽，沿所述厚度方向，所述刻痕槽设置于最远离所述第一表面的一级所述沉槽的底面。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的泄压装置，其中，所述泄压部设置多级所述刻痕槽，多级所述刻痕槽沿所述第一表面到所述第二表面的方向依次设置，在相邻的两级所述刻痕槽中，远离所述第一表面的一级所述刻痕槽设置于靠近所述第一表面的一级所述刻痕槽的底面，最靠近所述第一表面的一级所述刻痕槽设置于最远离所述第一表面的一级所述沉槽的底面。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的泄压装置，其中，所述泄压部设置两级或三级所述刻痕槽。
  21. 根据权利要求17-20中任一项所述的泄压装置，其中，所述泄压部设置两级或三级所述沉槽。
  22. 根据权利要求1-21中任一项所述的泄压装置，其中，所述泄压部设置多级所述刻痕槽，多级所述刻痕槽沿所述第一表面到所述第二表面的方向依次设置，在相邻的两级所述刻痕槽中，远离所述第一表面的一级所述刻痕槽的最大宽度小于靠近所述第一表面的一级所述刻痕槽的最小宽度。
  23. 根据权利要求1-22中任一项所述的泄压装置，其中，所述沉槽为矩形槽或圆形槽。
  24. 根据权利要求1-23中任一项所述的泄压装置，其中，所述第一表面设置有凸缘，所述凸缘环绕在设置于所述第一表面的所述沉槽的周围。
  25. 根据权利要求1-24中任一项所述的泄压装置，其中，所述泄压部局部从所述第二表面向背离所述第一表面的方向凸出形成凸部；
    所述凸部包括所述槽底壁和加强部，所述加强部连接于所述第二表面，并围设于所述槽底壁的周围。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的泄压装置，其中，所述第二表面设置有凹槽，所述凹槽环绕所述凸部设置。
  27. 根据权利要求25或26所述的泄压装置，其中，沿所述厚度方向，所述凸部凸出于所述第二表面的高度为H 1，所述第一表面与所述第二表面之间的距离为H 2，满足：H 1≥H 2。
  28. 根据权利要求1-27中任一项所述的泄压装置，其中，所述泄压部为端盖，所述端盖用于封闭壳体的开口。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的泄压装置，其中，所述第一表面为所述端盖背离所述壳体的表面。
  30. 根据权利要求1-27中任一项所述的泄压装置，其中，所述泄压装置为壳体，所述壳体内部形成容纳空间，所述壳体包括多个壁部，多个所述壁部共同界定出所述容纳空间，所述容纳空间用于容纳电极组件，至少一个所述壁部为所述泄压部。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的泄压装置，其中，所述壳体包括周壁和底壁，所述周壁围设于所述底壁的边缘，所述周壁与所述底壁共同界定出所述容纳空间，所述周壁与所述底壁相对的一端形成开口，所述底壁为所述泄压部。
  32. 根据权利要求30或31所述的泄压装置，其中，所述第一表面为所述壁部的外表面。
  33. 一种电池单体，包括如权利要求1-32中任一项所述的泄压装置。
  34. 一种电池，包括如权利要求33所述的电池单体。
  35. 一种用电设备，包括如权利要求34所述的电池。
PCT/CN2022/116299 2021-08-31 2022-08-31 泄压装置、电池单体、电池及用电设备 WO2023030405A1 (zh)

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