WO2022262393A1

WO2022262393A1 - Method for high-yield cultivation and processing of soybean stems and leaves

Info

Publication number: WO2022262393A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/086286
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘锡潜; 范书琴; 李顺秀; 董唯书; 杨玉萍; 刘军; 王笛; 张静
Original assignee: 山东禹王生态食业有限公司; 董唯书
Priority date: 2021-06-17
Filing date: 2022-04-12
Publication date: 2022-12-22
Also published as: CN113229090B; CN113229090A

Abstract

A method for high-yield cultivation and processing of soybean stems and leaves, comprising the following steps: performing seed selection, deep ploughing, seed breeding, sowing, topdressing and harvesting to obtain soybean stems and leaves; and cutting and drying the soybean stems and leaves, and crushing the dried soybean stems and leaves to obtain soybean stem and leaf protein powder. According to the method, the soybean planting mode is optimized, and high-protein and high-nutrition soybean plants are harvested in the initial flowering stage of 50 days by selection of high-protein soybean seeds and reasonable sowing and fertilization; and three seasons of soybean plants are planted and harvested in one year by means of rational close planting and planting time arrangement, and 8-10 tons of fresh soybean stems and leaves can be obtained by single soybean planting, thereby achieving high yield and good harvest of the land. By means of an innovative soybean stem and leaf processing technology, a soybean stem and leaf protein powder product has been developed using processes such as drying and crushing, the protein content of the product reaches 30% or more, and the product is rich in nutrition and is a high-quality protein feed for animal breeding, thereby greatly improving the added value of the soybean stems and leaves.

Description

High-yield cultivation and processing method of soybean stems and leaves

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation and processing of soybean stems and leaves, in particular to a high-yield cultivation and processing method of soybean stems and leaves.

Background technique

Soybean is the most important bean in the world. It originated in China and has a planting history of 5,000 years. It is widely planted throughout China and is produced in Northeast China, North China, Shaanxi, Sichuan and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Soybean is very rich in nutrients, rich in protein, fat and carbohydrates, especially the protein reaches more than 40%. Soybeans are widely used in processing soy foods such as tofu, fermented bean curd, bean paste, and soy sauce. Soybean meal, a by-product of processing and extracting soybean oil, is a high-quality protein feed for ruminant livestock such as chickens, pigs, cattle and sheep.

Soybean is an important source of protein and oil in my country. However, for many years, due to the lack of arable land in our country, the low yield of soybeans, and the large demand for edible oil and feed breeding in our country, my country has become the largest importer of soybeans in the world. How to effectively solve the supply problem of vegetable protein and oil is urgent.

A large number of studies have found that soybean stems and leaves are also rich in nutrients such as protein, fat and carbohydrates, especially the protein content of soybean plants in the flowering stage can reach about 30%. Moreover, compared to the 120-day growth period of soybeans, soybeans only need about 50 days from planting to flowering. If the protein content and yield of soybean plants can be improved by optimizing the planting mode, the soybean stems and leaves at the flowering stage will be a rich protein resource. .

In addition, the duration of soybean flowering generally does not exceed 30 days. Soybean stems and leaves are plant resources with high water content, which cannot be stored for a long time, and need to be processed reasonably into products that can be stored for a long time. Disclosed in CN204888655U is a kind of leguminous plant stem and leaf component extraction device, not only equipment and process are complicated, relative processing cost is also greatly improved. CN101747421B discloses a method for extracting soybean protein from fresh soybean stems and leaves, which can obtain protein products with a protein content of more than 80%, but the same process is complicated, which not only increases production costs, but also has the problem of poor flavor and taste of protein products. Cannot be effectively used in food processing.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for high-yield cultivation and processing of soybean stems and leaves. The present invention improves the protein content and yield of soybean plants by optimizing the soybean planting mode and technological innovation. On the premise of ensuring quality and cost, the protein content of the final product can reach more than 30%, which is a nutritious high-quality feed ingredients.

The invention provides a method for high-yield cultivation and processing of soybean stems and leaves, comprising the following steps:

Seed selection, select lodging resistance, convergent plant type, lush branches and leaves, short growth cycle, high protein soybean seeds;

Deep plowing, using a deep tiller to plow and fertilize the cultivated land;

Breeding, mixing soybean seeds, soil and fertilizer to obtain cultivars;

Sowing, sowing the cultivated species in the soil; wherein, the soil temperature is ≥8°C;

Topdressing, when the cultivated species germinates and grows to the branching stage, spray foliage fertilizer on the stems and leaves of soybean seedlings;

Harvesting, after the soybean seedlings enter the initial flowering stage, they are harvested with a harvester to obtain soybean stems and leaves;

Cutting and drying, chopping the harvested soybean stems and leaves, and drying the chopped soybean stems and leaves with a dryer;

and pulverizing the dried soybean stems and leaves to obtain soybean stems and leaves protein powder.

Preferably, the deep plowing also includes: applying organic fertilizer ≥ 800kg per mu, 10-15kg of diammonium phosphate, and 5-10kg of potassium sulfate;

The breeding also includes: adjusting the rhizobia agent into paste soybean rhizobia with clear water, mixing soybean seeds, soil, seed fertilizer and paste soybean rhizobia together, and obtaining cultivated species;

The sowing also includes: sowing the cultivated seeds with a seeder, wherein, 2-3 rows of cultivated seeds per ridge, row spacing 11-15cm, seed spacing 12-16cm, 1-3 bean seeds/hole, planting density 5.0 -65,000 plants/mu;

The topdressing also includes: 25-35 days after sowing, the soybean seedlings enter the branching stage, and during the branching stage, spraying the leaves of the soybean seedlings with a concentration of 10-20 mg/L foliar fertilizer; wherein, spraying 200-400ml;

The harvesting also includes, 45-55 days after sowing, the soybean seedlings enter the initial flowering stage, and harvest with a harvester to obtain soybean stems and leaves;

The cutting and drying also include: cutting the soybean stems and leaves after harvesting, packing them with a baler and then transferring them to the drying department, and drying them with a dryer; wherein, the drying temperature is 60-100°C, The drying time is 30-65 minutes;

The pulverization also includes: the pulverizer is an ultrafine pulverizer, and the pulverization fineness is such that the passing rate of particles in a 100-mesh sieve is greater than 65%.

Preferably, the variety of soybean seeds is one or more combinations of Dongnong 48, Heinong 82, Qihuang 34, Jidou 12, Huachun 6, and Fudou 310;

The organic fertilizer is a nitrogen-rich fertilizer formed by mixing bean cake and soybean protein sludge fertilizer;

The sowing also includes: the same cultivated land is sown several times a year.

Preferably, the deep plowing further includes: applying 1000kg of organic fertilizer per mu; 12-15KG of diammonium phosphate and 8-10KG of potassium sulfate;

Preferably, the breeding also includes: using 0.3-0.8KG of Rhizobium per mu of land;

The sowing also includes: the same piece of cultivated land, the number of sowing times is 3 times a year; the sowing time is from April 20th to May 10th, from June 5th to June 25th, and from July 20th to August 10th. day; sowing soil temperature ≥ 10°C; 3 rows per ridge for cultivating seeds, with a row spacing of 13cm and a seed spacing of 16cm.

Preferably, the seed fertilizer is one or more combinations of ammonium molybdate, borax, manganese sulfate, etc.;

Described foliage fertilizer is one or more combinations in ammonium molybdate, borax, manganese sulfate etc.; The concentration of foliage fertilizer is 15mg/L, sprays 300ml per mu;

Preferably, the harvesting includes: harvesting soybean stems and leaves 3-5cm away from the ground;

The cutting and drying also include: cutting the soybean stems and leaves into 2-5cm segments; using a dryer to dry at a temperature of 60-85°C, and drying until the moisture content is lower than 15%, and the process is completed. drying.

Preferably, the pulverization includes: pulverizing segmented soybean stems and leaves with an ultrafine pulverizer; wherein, the temperature of the material during pulverization is less than 40°C; the pulverization fineness is greater than 65% of the particles in a 100-mesh sieve.

The present invention optimizes the soybean planting mode. By selecting high-protein bean species, sowing and fertilizing reasonably, high-protein and high-nutrition soybean plants are harvested at the initial flowering stage of 50 days, and a reasonable close planting and planting time arrangement are realized. Three seasons of soybean plants are planted and harvested each year, and 8-10 tons of fresh soybean stems and leaves can be obtained from a single soybean planting, achieving high yield and bumper harvest on the land. Through innovative soybean stem and leaf processing technology, using drying and crushing techniques, the soybean stem and leaf protein powder product has been developed. The protein content of the product reaches more than 30%, and it is rich in nutrition. It is a high-quality protein feed for animal breeding and greatly improves the soybean stem and leaf. added value.

Production method of the present invention comprises the steps:

(1) Select bean species, choose lodging resistance, plant type convergence, lush branches and leaves, short growth cycle, high protein soybean varieties, one of the following varieties, Dongnong 48, Heinong 82, Qihuang 34, Jidou 12 , Huachun No. 6, Fudou 310.

(2) Implement fertilizers, carry out deep plowing on the soil, apply nitrogen-rich organic fertilizers such as organic fertilizer bean cake, soybean protein sludge fertilizer ≥ 800KG per mu, and apply chemical fertilizers to supplement nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, diammonium phosphate 12-15KG, potassium sulfate 8- 10KG.

(3) To treat bean seeds, use 0.3-0.8KG of rhizobia per mu, make a paste with a small amount of water and rhizobia agent, mix well with soybean seeds, and add a small amount of ammonium molybdate, borax, manganese sulfate, etc. 1 or more than 2 kinds of combined fertilizers and soil mix well;

(4) Sowing, the same plot is sown three times a year, and the sowing time is from April 20th to May 10th, June 5th to June 25th, and July 20th to August 10th. Soil temperature ≥ 10°C. Sow the treated soybean seeds by a planter, with 3 rows of seeds per ridge, with a row spacing of 13 cm and a seed spacing of 16 cm. Sow 3 bean seeds/hole, and the planting density is 60,000-65,000 plants/mu.

(5) Field management, about 30 days after sowing soybeans into the branching stage, spray foliar fertilizer, which is one or more combinations of ammonium molybdate, selenium-rich fertilizer, manganese sulfate, etc. Spray 300ml/mu of foliar fertilizer with a concentration of 15mg/L;

(6) Harvesting, sowing about 50 days after soybeans enter the initial flowering stage, harvesting, using a combined silage harvester to harvest at a distance of 3-5cm from the ground, and cutting the stems and leaves into uniform small pieces with a length of 2-5cm, and using a baler to pack;

(7) Processing, the chopped soybean stems and leaves are dried at a low temperature by a dryer at a drying temperature of 60-80°C until the water content is below 15%, and then sent to an ultrafine pulverizer for pulverization, and the temperature of the material during the pulverization process is controlled to be ≤ 40°C. The crushing fineness reaches 100 mesh sieves and more than 80% pass through, and the soybean stem and leaf protein powder product is obtained.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The present invention optimizes the soybean planting mode. By selecting high-protein bean species, reasonable sowing and fertilization, high-protein and high-nutrition soybean plants are harvested at the initial flowering stage of 50 days, and through reasonable dense planting and planting time arrangements, the realization of It took one year to plant and harvest three seasons of soybean plants, and a single soybean planting can obtain 8-10 tons of fresh soybean stems and leaves, achieving high yield and bumper harvest on the land.

2. By innovating soybean stem and leaf processing technology and adopting drying and crushing techniques, the soybean stem and leaf protein powder product has been developed. The protein content of the product reaches more than 30%, and it is rich in nutrition. It is a high-quality protein feed for animal breeding, which greatly improves soybean production. The added value of stems and leaves.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and appended drawings.

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the description, and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of pulverizer of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is another three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the pulverizer of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom surface of the pulverizer of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the pulverizer from the right side of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pulverizer of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the discharge mechanism of the present invention;

Among them, 1-box, 2-installation bracket, 3-motor shaft fixing plate, 4-motor, 5-crushing assembly, 6-top cover, 7-first connecting plate, 8-feeding barrel, 9-feeding Mouth, 10-first hinged shaft, 11-installation seat, 12-screen, 13-screen hole, 14-fastening bolt, 15-main shaft, 16-crushing knife, 17-sub-shaft, 18-beating plate, 19-bearing seat, 20-second connecting plate, 21-motor shaft fixing seat, 22-limit notch, 23-reinforcing rib, 24-fixed shaft, 25-support plate, 26-outlet,

27-drainage port, 28-discharge pipe, 29-first fixed block, 30-first rotating shaft, 31-first connecting rod, 32-second rotating shaft, 33-turntable, 34-second fixed block, 35- The second connecting rod, 36-extension plate, 37-the third fixed block, 38-the second hinge shaft, 39-the third connecting rod, 40-the third hinge shaft, 41-the fourth connecting rod, 42-U-shaped hinge Plate, 43-closed plate, 44-the third rotating shaft.

detailed description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for high-yield cultivation and processing of soybean stems and leaves, comprising the following steps:

Seed selection, that is, select bean seeds; select lodging resistance, plant type convergence, luxuriant branches and leaves, short growth cycle, high protein soybean seeds; wherein, the varieties of the soybean seeds are Dongnong 48, Heinong 82, Qihuang 34, Jihuang 34, etc. One or more combinations of Dou 12, Huachun No. 6 and Fudou 310.

Deep plowing, that is, deep plowing and application of fertilizers to the soil; deep plowing and fertilization of the cultivated land with a deep tiller; application of organic fertilizer ≥ 800kg, 10-15kg of diammonium phosphate, and 5-10kg of potassium sulfate per mu;

Alternatively, 1000kg of the organic fertilizer is applied per mu; the diammonium phosphate is 12-15KG, and the potassium sulfate is 8-10KG.

Breeding, that is, processing soybean seeds; mixing soybean seeds, soil and fertilizer to obtain cultivated species; further, mixing the rhizobia agent into a paste of soybean rhizobia with clear water, mixing soybean seeds, soil, seed fertilizer and paste Soybean rhizobia are mixed together to obtain cultivars;

0.3-0.8KG of rhizobia are used per mu of land; the seed fertilizer is one or more combinations of ammonium molybdate, borax, manganese sulfate and the like.

Sowing, sowing the cultivated species in the soil; the same cultivated land, sowing multiple times a year;

Furthermore, the same piece of arable land is sown three times a year; the sowing time is from April 20th to May 10th, June 5th to June 25th, and July 20th to August 10th;

Further, the cultivated species are sown using a seeder; wherein, the soil temperature is ≥ 8°C; 2-3 rows of cultivated species per ridge, the row spacing is 11-15cm, the seed spacing is 12-16cm, and 1-3 bean seeds are planted per hole. The planting density is 50,000-65,000 plants/mu;

Alternatively, the temperature of the sowing soil is ≥10°C; 3 rows of cultivated seeds per ridge, with a row spacing of 13 cm and a seed spacing of 16 cm.

Topdressing, that is, field management; when the cultivated species germinates and grows to the branching stage, spray foliar fertilizer on the stems and leaves of soybean seedlings;

Further, 25-35 days after sowing, the soybean seedlings enter the branching stage, and during the branching stage, spray the leaves of the soybean seedlings with a concentration of 10-20 mg/L foliar fertilizer;

The foliage fertilizer is one or more combinations of ammonium molybdate, borax, manganese sulfate, etc.;

Among them, 200-400ml is sprayed per mu; or, the concentration of foliar fertilizer is 15mg/L, and 300ml is sprayed per mu.

Further, 45-55 days after sowing, the soybean seedlings enter the initial flowering stage, and the soybean stems and leaves are harvested at a distance of 3-5 cm from the ground; the soybean stems and leaves are harvested with a harvester.

Cutting and drying, that is, processing; chopping the harvested soybean stems and leaves, and drying the chopped soybean stems and leaves with a dryer;

Further, after harvesting, the soybean stems and leaves are cut, packed with a baler and then transferred to the drying department, and dried with a dryer;

Wherein, the drying temperature is 60-100°C, and the drying time is 30-65 minutes;

Cut the soybean stems and leaves into 2-5cm segments; use a dryer to dry at a temperature of 60-85°C until the moisture is lower than 15%, and then complete the drying.

Pulverizing, pulverizing the dried soybean stems and leaves to obtain soybean stems and leaves protein powder; further, the pulverizer is an ultrafine pulverizer, and the pulverization fineness is greater than 65% of the particles in a 100-mesh sieve;

Alternatively, the segmented soybean stems and leaves are pulverized by an ultrafine pulverizer; wherein, the material temperature during pulverization is less than 40° C.; the pulverization fineness is such that the particle passing rate in a 100-mesh sieve is greater than 65%.

Production method of the present invention comprises the steps:

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1-6, the pulverizer includes: a box body 1 and an upper cover 6, a crushing assembly 5 is arranged inside the box body 1, and a The upper cover 6, the upper cover 6 is provided with a feed barrel 8, the feed barrel 8 communicates with the inside of the box body 1, and is used to input soybean stems and leaves from the feed barrel 8 into the box body 1 , be pulverized by the pulverizing assembly 5 to form soybean stem and leaf protein powder;

One end of the box body 1 away from the upper cover 6 is set as a discharge port 26, and the discharge port 26 is provided with a screen 12, and the screen 12 is provided with a screen hole 13, and the screen hole 13 is used to The pulverized soybean stem and leaf protein powder is output to the discharge pipeline 28, and the other end of the discharge pipeline 28 is connected to a packaging machine; the packaging machine is used for packaging the soybean stem and leaf protein powder and forming an independently packaged product.

One side of the upper cover 6 is symmetrically provided with a second connecting plate 20, and one side of the box body 1 is also symmetrically provided with a corresponding second connecting plate 20. The two second connecting plates 20 of the box body 1 The first hinge shaft 10 is fixedly connected between the connecting plates 20, and the two second connecting plates 20 of the upper cover 6 are respectively hingedly arranged with the first hinge shaft 10;

The other side of the upper cover 6 is provided with a first connecting plate 7 extending outward, and the other side of the box body 1 is also provided with a first connecting plate 7 extending outward correspondingly. The upper cover 6 and The first connecting plate 7 of the box body 1 is used for fixedly connecting the upper cover 6 and the box body 1 as a whole, and for closing the upper open end of the box body 1;

The upper cover 6 is arranged as a C-shaped structure, and the opening end of the C-shaped structure faces the opening end of the box body 1, and is used to close the box body 1;

Both sides of the C-shaped structure of the upper cover 6 are symmetrically provided with sealing plates, and the end of the sealing plate away from the bottom of the C-shaped structure groove is provided with a limiting notch 22, and the limiting notch 22 is used to clamp the drive assembly.

One end of the crushing assembly 5 is used to connect the output end of the motor 4, and the other end of the crushing assembly 5 is used to connect the bearing; The mounting bracket 2 of the U-shaped structure, the U-shaped structure of the mounting bracket 2 is arranged downward, and the top of the U-shaped structure is used to install the motor 4 or the bearing respectively,

The motor 4 is erected on the mounting bracket 2 through the motor shaft fixing seat 21, and the motor shaft fixing plate 3 and the motor shaft fixing seat 21 are fixed together by fastening bolts 14 above the motor shaft fixing seat 21; One of the mounting brackets 2 is fixedly connected to the bearing seat 19 by fastening bolts 14;

The feeding barrel 8 is obliquely arranged on the side of the upper cover 6 close to the first connecting plate 7, and the end of the feeding barrel 8 far away from the upper cover 6 is provided with a feeding port 9, and the feeding port 9 is used to input the material into the feeding barrel 8, and drain it into the box 1 through the feeding barrel 8 for crushing;

The box body 1 is provided with a C-shaped structure screen 12, the opening end of the C-shaped structure of the screen 12 faces above the box body 1, and the notch of the C-shaped structure is used for crushing the assembly 5 The material is stirred and pulverized; the end of the screen 12 near the bottom of the box body 1 is a discharge port 26, and the assembly of the screen 12 and the discharge port 26 below the box body 1 is provided with a support plate 25;

The pulverizing assembly 5 includes: a main shaft 15 and a pulverizing knife 16, on which a plurality of pulverizing knives 16 of disc-shaped structure are sequentially arranged at intervals, and one end of the main shaft 15 is connected to the motor 4 provided on the mounting bracket 2 The drive end of the main shaft 15, the other end of the main shaft 15 is connected to the bearing seat 19 provided on the mounting bracket 2 through a bearing;

A plurality of secondary shafts 17 and fixed shafts 24 are evenly distributed on the crushing knife 16 , and a beating plate 18 is provided on the peripheral outer wall of each of the secondary shafts 17 .

The first connecting plate 7 is also respectively installed on the box body 1 and the upper cover through reinforcing ribs.

In this embodiment, when the soybean stems and leaves need to be crushed, first the upper cover 6 and the box body 1 are installed through the first connecting plate 7 of the two; It is connected on the discharge pipeline 28; the lower sides of the box body 1 are symmetrically provided with mounting plates 11 by means of reinforcing ribs 23, and the mounting plates 11 are used to fix the bottom of the box body 1 to realize the The box body 1 can be stably placed and crushed when the crushing assembly is used to crush materials.

Next, put the dried soybean stems and leaves into the feed port 9 of the feeding barrel 8. Since the feeding barrel 8 is inclined, the soybean stems and leaves can easily slide down into the casing 1 and pass through The crushing assembly 5 is crushed; during the crushing process, the powder that reaches the sieving standard will fall into the discharge bin or the discharge pipeline 28 through the screen 12 provided on the inner bottom of the box body 1, and carry out the work of the next process;

When the crushing assembly 5 is working, first start the motor 4, and after the motor 4 works, it will rotate with the main shaft 15 connected to it, and the rotation of the main shaft 15 will rotate with a plurality of pulverizing knives 16 of disc-shaped structure, Realize the purpose of crushing the materials entering the box 1;

During the rotation of the crushing knife 16, in order to avoid deformation of the disc body of the crushing knife 16 caused by too much material, preferably, a plurality of secondary shafts 17 and fixed shafts are evenly distributed on the disc body of the crushing knife 16. The shaft 24, the auxiliary shaft 17 and the fixed shaft 24 can strengthen the strength of the disc structure of the crushing knife 16, and reduce the impact of the crushing knife 16 on crushing due to excessive material or blade wear. The case of efficiency. During the rotation process of the main shaft 15 with the crushing knife 16, the plurality of knockout plates 18 provided on the auxiliary shaft 17 can facilitate the flow of the materials in the box 1 and improve the disturbance of the materials in the box 1. The purpose is to further improve the crushing efficiency and reduce the congestion of materials in the box 1. And, when the main shaft 15 is working, the upper cover 6 and the box body 1 are in a closed state.

In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1-6, the discharge port 26 is connected to a discharge pipeline 28, and the other end of the discharge pipeline 28 is provided with a discharge mechanism, and the discharge mechanism is used to pulverize Good soybean stem and leaf protein powder is discharged to the packaging machine for finished product packaging.

The discharge mechanism includes: a turntable 33, the turntable 33 is connected to one end of the main shaft 15 away from the motor 4 through a third rotating shaft 44, and the end of the third rotating shaft 44 away from the main shaft 15 is rotated at intervals and arranged on the second fixed block 34, The second fixing block 34 is used to erect the third rotating shaft 44 on the ground, roof, wall or support;

The other end of the third rotating shaft 44 is fixedly connected with a second connecting rod 35 , and the side of the second connecting rod 35 away from the third rotating shaft 44 is provided with a second rotating shaft 32 extending outwards. Rotately connect one end of the first connecting rod 31, the second rotating shaft 32 is located at the end of the second connecting rod 35 away from the second rotating shaft 32, and is used to swing with the first connecting rod 31;

The other end of the first connecting rod 31 is set as a T-shaped structure, and a third hinge shaft 40 is symmetrically arranged on the extension rod of the T-shaped structure, and the third hinge shaft 40 is respectively used to rotate and connect to the U-shaped hinge. In the U-shaped notch of the plate 42;

One of the U-shaped hinge plates 42 is fixedly connected to the third connecting rod 39 on one side away from the U-shaped notch, and the other side of the U-shaped hinged plate 42 is fixedly connected to four connecting rods away from the U-shaped notch. 39 and the fourth connecting rod 41 are both rotatably connected to the extension plate 36 through the second hinge shaft 38;

One of the extension plates 36 is erected on the ground, roof, wall or support by the third fixed block 37; The drainage port 27 is opened or closed;

One side of the closing plate 43 is also provided with a first rotating shaft 30, the first rotating shaft 30 is hinged between two first fixed blocks 29 arranged at intervals, and the first fixed block 29 is erected on the ground, the roof , wall or bracket.

In this embodiment, when the main shaft 15 rotates via the motor 4, it will rotate with the third rotating shaft 44, and after the rotation of the third rotating shaft 44, it will carry the turntable 33 Rotate, the turntable 33 rotates, it will realize the second connecting rod 35 to swing, the swing of the second connecting rod 35 will bring the first connecting rod 31 to move left and right in the viewing angle shown in Figure 6, the described The left and right movement of the first connecting rod 31 will open or close the drainage port 27 of the discharge pipe 28 through the hinge of the third connecting rod 39 and the fourth connecting rod 41 with the closing plate 43, thereby realizing the discharge pipe. 28 can intermittently carry out material output to the packaging machine, so that the packaging machine can complete a package of soybean stem and leaf protein powder within the effective working time, reducing the backlog of materials in the packaging process of the packaging machine, and further Reduce the damage to the packaging machine or the waste of materials due to the backlog of materials. Since the packaging machine is a prior art, it is not repeated in the present invention.

Test according to the following experimental examples, to realize that the method proposed by the present invention is verified, specifically, plant and process according to the following steps:

Deep plowing, using a deep tiller to plow and fertilize the cultivated land;

Breeding, mixing soybean seeds, soil and fertilizer to obtain cultivars;

Example 1

(1) Select bean species, and choose Heinong 82, a high-protein soybean variety that is resistant to lodging, has a convergent plant type, lush branches and leaves, and has a short growth cycle.

(2) Apply fertilizer to the soil, deeply plow the soil, apply 1000KG of nitrogen-rich organic fertilizers such as organic fertilizer bean cake and soybean protein sludge fertilizer per mu, and simultaneously apply chemical fertilizers to supplement nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, 13KG of diammonium phosphate, and 9KG of potassium sulfate.

(3) To process bean seeds, use 0.5KG of rhizobia per mu, make a paste with a small amount of water and rhizobia agent, mix well with soybean seeds, add a small amount of ammonium molybdate and soil and mix well;

(4) Sowing, the sowing time is April 25, and the sowing soil temperature is 12°C. Sow the treated soybean seeds by a planter, with 3 rows of seeds per ridge, with a row spacing of 13 cm and a seed spacing of 16 cm. Sow 3 bean seeds/hole, and the planting density is 60,000-65,000 plants/mu.

(5) field management, sowing about 30 days after the soybeans enter the branching stage, spray foliage fertilizer, which is ammonium molybdate and selenium-rich fertilizer, with a concentration of 15mg/L, and spray 300ml/mu;

(6) Harvesting, after sowing 50 days of soybeans and entering the initial flowering period, harvesting, using a combined silage harvester to harvest at a distance of 4cm from the ground, and cutting the stems and leaves into uniform small pieces of 2-5cm length, and packing with a baler;

(7) Processing, the chopped soybean stems and leaves are dried at a low temperature by a dryer at a drying temperature of 75°C until the water content is below 15%, and then sent to a superfine pulverizer for crushing, and the temperature of the material during the crushing process is controlled to be ≤40°C . The crushing fineness reaches 100 mesh sieves and more than 80% pass through, and the soybean stem and leaf protein powder product is obtained.

Example 2

(1) Select bean species, choose the soybean variety Qihuang 34 that is resistant to lodging, has a convergent plant type, lush branches and leaves, short growth cycle, and high protein.

(4) Sowing, the sowing time is June 15, and the sowing soil temperature is 23°C. Sow the treated soybean seeds by a planter, with 3 rows of seeds per ridge, with a row spacing of 13 cm and a seed spacing of 16 cm. Sow 3 bean seeds/hole, and the planting density is 60,000-65,000 plants/mu.

(6) Harvesting, after sowing 48 days soybeans enter the initial flowering stage and harvest, adopt a combined silage harvester to harvest at a distance of 4cm from the ground, and cut the stems and leaves into uniform small pieces of 2-5cm length, and use a baler to pack;

Example 3

(1) Choose bean species, choose lodging resistance, convergent plant type, lush branches and leaves, short growth cycle, high-protein soybean variety Huachun No. 6.

(4) Sowing, the sowing time is August 5, and the sowing soil temperature is 23°C. Sow the treated soybean seeds by a planter, with 3 rows of seeds per ridge, with a row spacing of 13 cm and a seed spacing of 16 cm. Sow 3 bean seeds/hole, and the planting density is 60,000-65,000 plants/mu.

(6) Harvesting, after sowing 52 days soybeans enter the initial flowering stage and harvest, adopt a combined silage harvester to harvest at a distance of 4cm from the ground, and cut the stems and leaves into uniform small pieces of 2-5cm length, and use a baler to pack;

Example 4

(2) Apply fertilizer to the soil, deep plow the soil, apply 800KG of nitrogen-rich organic fertilizers such as organic fertilizer bean cake and soybean protein sludge fertilizer per mu, and simultaneously apply chemical fertilizers to supplement nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, 12KG of diammonium phosphate, and 8KG of potassium sulfate.

(3) To process bean seeds, use 0.3KG of rhizobia per mu of land, use a small amount of water and rhizobia agent to make a paste, mix well with soybean seeds, add a small amount of ammonium molybdate and soil and mix well;

(5) field management, sowing about 30 days after soybeans enter the branching stage, spray foliage fertilizer, which is ammonium molybdate, concentration 15mg/L, spray 300ml/mu;

Example 5

(2) Apply fertilizer to the soil, deep plow the soil, apply 1200KG of nitrogen-rich organic fertilizers such as organic fertilizer bean cake and soybean protein sludge fertilizer per mu, and simultaneously apply chemical fertilizers to supplement nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, 15KG of diammonium phosphate, and 10KG of potassium sulfate.

(3) To treat bean seeds, use 0.8KG of rhizobia per mu of land, use a small amount of water and rhizobia agent to make a paste, mix well with soybean seeds, and add a small amount of ammonium molybdate, borax, manganese sulfate and soil and mix well ;

(5) field management, after sowing soybeans about 30 days into the branching stage, spray foliar fertilizer, which is ammonium molybdate, selenium-rich fertilizer and manganese sulfate, concentration 15mg/L, spray 300ml/mu;

The protein content of soybean stem and leaf protein powder obtained by obtaining soybean plant yield per mu and processed soybean stem and leaf protein powder in embodiment 1-5 was detected, and the detection results are shown in the following table 1:

实验experiment	大豆植株亩产量(吨)Yield per mu of soybean plant (tons)	蛋白质含量(干基)Protein content (dry basis)
实施例1Example 1	9.69.6	31.6％31.6%
实施例2Example 2	10.210.2	32.4％32.4%
实施例3Example 3	9.39.3	30.7％30.7%
实施例4Example 4	9.29.2	28.5％28.5%
实施例5Example 5	10.510.5	34.2％34.2%
对比例comparative example	6.56.5	20.6％20.6%

Table 1 Comparison table of soybean plant yield per mu and protein content of protein powder

In this experimental example, taking conventional soybean planting as a comparison example, five experimental examples were made with the method proposed in this application document, and the yield per mu of soybean plants and the protein content of soybean stem and leaf protein powder were all significantly improved.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

A method for high-yield cultivation and processing of soybean stems and leaves, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

Seed selection, select lodging resistance, convergent plant type, lush branches and leaves, short growth cycle, high protein soybean seeds;

Deep plowing, using a deep tiller to plow and fertilize the cultivated land;

Breeding, mixing soybean seeds, soil and fertilizer to obtain cultivars;

Sowing, sowing the cultivated species in the soil; wherein, the soil temperature is ≥8°C;

Topdressing, when the cultivated species germinates and grows to the branching stage, spray foliage fertilizer on the stems and leaves of soybean seedlings;

Harvesting, after the soybean seedlings enter the initial flowering stage, they are harvested with a harvester to obtain soybean stems and leaves;

Cutting and drying, chopping the harvested soybean stems and leaves, and drying the chopped soybean stems and leaves with a dryer;

Pulverizing, pulverizing the dried soybean stems and leaves to obtain soybean stems and leaves protein powder;

The pulverization includes: pulverizing segmented soybean stems and leaves with an ultrafine pulverizer; wherein, the material temperature during pulverization is less than 40°C; the pulverization fineness is greater than 65% of the particle passing rate in a 100-mesh sieve;

The pulverizer includes: a box body and an upper cover, a crushing assembly is arranged inside the box body, an upper cover is arranged above the box body, a feeding barrel is arranged on the upper cover, and the feeding barrel It communicates with the inside of the box, and is used to input the soybean stems and leaves from the feeding barrel into the box, and grind them through the crushing assembly to form soybean stems and leaves protein powder;

The end of the casing away from the upper cover is set as a discharge port, and the discharge port is provided with a sieve, and the sieve is provided with a sieve, and the sieve is used for crushing the crushed soybean stem and leaf protein powder. Output to the discharge pipeline;

The other end of the discharge pipeline is provided with a discharge mechanism, and the discharge mechanism is used to discharge the crushed soybean stem and leaf protein powder to a packaging machine for finished product packaging;

The discharge mechanism includes: a turntable, the turntable is connected to one end of the main shaft away from the motor through a third rotating shaft, and the end of the third rotating shaft far away from the main shaft is rotated at intervals on the second fixed block, and the second fixed block is used for Mount the third shaft on the ground, roof, wall or bracket;

The other end of the third rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a second connecting rod, and the side of the second connecting rod away from the third rotating shaft is provided with a second rotating shaft extending outward, and the second rotating shaft is connected to the first connecting rod in rotation. One end of the second rotating shaft is located at the end of the second connecting rod away from the second rotating shaft, and is used to swing with the first connecting rod;

The other end of the first connecting rod is set as a T-shaped structure, and a third hinge shaft is symmetrically arranged on the extension rod of the T-shaped structure, and the third hinge shaft is respectively used to rotate the U hinge connected to the U-shaped hinge plate. in the notch;

One side of the U-shaped hinge plate away from the U-shaped notch is fixedly connected to the third connecting rod, and the side of the other U-shaped hinged plate away from the U-shaped notch is fixedly connected to four connecting rods, and the third connecting rod and the said U-shaped notch are fixedly connected. The fourth connecting rod is rotatably connected to the extension plate through the second hinge shaft;

One of the extension plates is erected on the ground, roof, wall or support through the third fixed block; the other extension plate is connected to the closing plate, and the other side of the closing plate is used to open or close the drainage port of the discharge pipe. closed;

One side of the closing plate is also provided with a first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is hinged between two first fixed blocks arranged at intervals, and the first fixed block is erected on the ground, roof, wall or bracket superior.
A method for high-yield cultivation and processing of soybean stems and leaves according to claim 1, wherein the deep plowing further comprises: applying organic fertilizer ≥ 800 kg, 10-15 kg of diammonium phosphate, and 5-10 kg of potassium sulfate per mu;

The breeding also includes: adjusting the rhizobia agent into paste soybean rhizobia with clear water, mixing soybean seeds, soil, seed fertilizer and paste soybean rhizobia together, and obtaining cultivated species;

The sowing also includes: sowing the cultivated seeds with a seeder, wherein, 2-3 rows of cultivated seeds per ridge, row spacing 11-15cm, seed spacing 12-16cm, 1-3 bean seeds/hole, planting density 5.0 -65,000 plants/mu;

The topdressing also includes: 25-35 days after sowing, the soybean seedlings enter the branching stage, and during the branching stage, spraying the leaves of the soybean seedlings with a concentration of 10-20 mg/L foliar fertilizer; wherein, spraying 200-400ml;

The harvesting also includes, 45-55 days after sowing, the soybean seedlings enter the initial flowering stage, and harvest with a harvester to obtain soybean stems and leaves;

The cutting and drying also include: cutting the soybean stems and leaves after harvesting, packing them with a baler and then transferring them to the drying department, and drying them with a dryer; wherein, the drying temperature is 60-100°C, The drying time is 30-65 minutes;

The pulverization also includes: the pulverizer is an ultrafine pulverizer, and the pulverization fineness is such that the passing rate of particles in a 100-mesh sieve is greater than 65%.
A kind of soybean stem and leaf high-yield cultivation and processing method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that,

The variety of the soybean seeds is one or more combinations of Dongnong 48, Heinong 82, Qihuang 34, Jidou 12, Huachun 6, and Fudou 310;

The organic fertilizer is a nitrogen-rich fertilizer formed by mixing bean cake and soybean protein sludge fertilizer;

The sowing also includes: the same cultivated land is sown several times a year.
The method for high-yield cultivation and processing of soybean stems and leaves according to claim 1, wherein said deep plowing further comprises: applying 1000 kg of organic fertilizer per mu; 12-15 kg of diammonium phosphate, and 8-10 kg of potassium sulfate.
A method for high-yield cultivation and processing of soybean stems and leaves as claimed in claim 1, wherein said breeding further comprises: using 0.3-0.8KG of Rhizobium per mu of land;

The sowing also includes: the same piece of cultivated land, the number of sowing times is 3 times a year; the sowing time is from April 20th to May 10th, from June 5th to June 25th, and from July 20th to August 10th. day; sowing soil temperature ≥ 10°C; 3 rows per ridge for cultivating seeds, with a row spacing of 13cm and a seed spacing of 16cm.
The high-yield cultivation and processing method of soybean stems and leaves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seed fertilizer is one or more combinations of ammonium molybdate, borax, manganese sulfate, etc.;

The foliar fertilizer is one or more combinations of ammonium molybdate, borax, manganese sulfate, etc.; the concentration of the foliar fertilizer is 15mg/L, and 300ml is sprayed per mu.
A method for high-yield cultivation and processing of soybean stems and leaves as claimed in claim 1, wherein said harvesting comprises: harvesting soybean stems and leaves at a distance of 3-5 cm from the ground;

The cutting and drying also include: cutting the soybean stems and leaves into 2-5cm segments; using a dryer to dry at a temperature of 60-85°C, and drying until the moisture content is lower than 15%, and the process is completed. drying.