WO2022236917A1 - 一种表面性能检测装置及其检测方法 - Google Patents
一种表面性能检测装置及其检测方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Definitions
- the invention relates to a detection device, in particular to a surface property detection device and a detection method thereof.
- the detection items are single, and usually after multiple workpieces are processed, they are sent to the inspectors collectively.
- the inspectors are prone to missing inspections and wrong inspections in the face of concentrated piles of workpieces.
- a surface performance testing device and a testing method thereof are provided, in which workpieces are transported through a flow-type conveying device, a clamping platform is directly installed on a visual inspection system, and a weighing device is installed, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.
- a surface performance detection device includes three parts: a transmission component, an adjustment component and a detection component.
- the transmission components include the clamping table connected with the cylinder, and the transmission chain fixed on the top of the machine base;
- the adjustment assembly includes a lead screw arranged opposite to the first connecting plate, and a base plate movably connected with the screw rod.
- a detection component including an image transmission component fixed on the support frame and located above the clamping platform, and a test block arranged at the lower part of the lens;
- the clamping station includes a bracket, guide columns distributed on the bracket along a predetermined distance, a tray movably connected to the guide column, and a positioning block fixed in the tray along the ;
- the tray is provided with a ladder-type through groove, which can place the positioning block while giving enough space to the workpiece to be clamped;
- the positioning block is relatively arranged in the through groove, and the inner side of the positioning block is in contact with the measured workpiece
- the second positioning block is fixed in the card slot to play a positioning role; the pallet is circular And it is pressed on the bracket by the guide column, and the guide column is provided with a slot, and the tray can be rotated along the slot on the guide column, so as to realize the adjustment of the direction of the workpiece to be measured.
- the telescopic mechanism includes a pressing plate, a telescopic rod arranged at a predetermined distance from the pressing plate, one end of the telescopic rod is connected to the pressing plate, and the other end of the telescopic rod is evenly distributed on the telescopic plate and the telescopic mechanism is connected to the cylinder,
- the start of the cylinder can drive the telescopic plate and the first positioning block to exert clamping force on the workpiece to be tested, so that the workpiece to be tested is always kept in a compressed state and prevents the workpiece from fretting during the test.
- One end of the telescopic rod is evenly distributed on the telescopic plate, which can effectively ensure that the force on the workpiece under test is uniform during clamping, and ensure the stability of the workpiece under test.
- the image transmission assembly includes a pressure plate, a lens fixed on the pressure plate, and an adjustment button for adjusting the focal length; the lens extends through the through hole on the first wiring board to There is a test block connected at a predetermined distance below, and the other side of the crimping board is connected to the second wiring board, and one end of the second wiring board is connected to the computer, and the image is transmitted to the computer through the lens.
- the adjustment button can adjust the focal length to ensure the clarity of the picture and observe the image The surface properties can be judged.
- one side of the test block is connected to the lens through a transition plate, and the other side can be glued with sandpaper, and the sandpaper can be selected with any smoothness according to the material of the workpiece to be tested.
- the surface flatness of the workpiece to be tested, the abrasive paper leaves friction marks on the surface to be tested, so as to judge the plane height of the workpiece to be tested, the test block is used as a reference plane, and plug gauges are inserted between the gaps to determine its flatness.
- the transmission chain includes a machine base, a timing belt fixed on the machine base through a pressing plate, and an inductor installed under the timing belt, and the inductor and the clamping table are kept on the same horizontal line Direction, the sensor can effectively ensure the intermittent operation of the workpiece under test, preventing workers from making mistakes in detection, and the sensor is close to the clamping table, which can effectively reduce the transfer distance of the workpiece under test and improve the detection efficiency.
- a storage platform is arranged parallel to one side of the synchronous belt, and the cross-section of the storage platform is " ⁇ " shape, and the detection assembly is fixed and installed with a middle raised part through a support plate, and the storage platform is One side is equipped with a weighing device, and the storage table is divided into left and right sides by the detection component. One side can be used to weigh the weight of the workpiece to be tested, and the other side is used to place unqualified workpieces. Place them separately to avoid confusion of the measured workpieces.
- test block and the transition plate are provided with a through hole, and the diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the lens, so as to avoid blocking the telescopic stroke of the lens when the lens adjusts the focal length, and prevent the test block from being too close to affect the shooting quality.
- the lead screw is connected to the bottom plate, the bottom plate moves relative to the first connecting plate, the edge of the bottom plate is connected with the support plate in clearance fit, the clamping platform is fixed on the bottom plate by bolts and placed between the lead screws, The up and down displacement of the clamping table is realized by controlling the rotation of the lead screw to drive the bottom plate.
- a detection method of a surface property detection device comprising the following steps:
- the transportation chain is energized, and when the timing belt rotates to drive the workpiece to be tested to move to the sensor, the sensor senses the workpiece to be tested, the motor stops rotating, the timing belt stops, and the workpiece to be tested is manually removed. After the workpiece is removed, The synchronous belt runs to send the next measured workpiece to the sensor to wait, and so on;
- the workpiece is transported to the clamping table, and then the surface performance of the part is inspected by shooting and scanning.
- the inspected workpiece is judged whether it is qualified by the computer, and the inspection operation is completed. Workers only need to place the workpiece on the conveyor table and then clamp the workpiece.
- the clamping table is connected by the cylinder to effectively ensure the clamping state of the workpiece during testing.
- the clamping table can clamp workpieces of various shapes and structures.
- the clamped workpiece is photographed and scanned by the upper lens and sent to the computer for picture comparison.
- the detection device of the present invention is also equipped with a flatness detection device. After the detection, a storage table is placed, and a pressure sensor is arranged on the storage table, which can be used to detect the weight.
- the invention can detect multiple surface properties and weight of the same workpiece at the same time, and can effectively improve work efficiency.
- Fig. 1 is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the detection device in the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping platform in the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the telescoping mechanism in the clamping platform of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the storage table in the present invention.
- the reference signs in the figure are: synchronous belt 1, sensor 2, storage table 3, weighing device 301, display screen 302, detection component 4, test block 401, transition plate 402, adjustment button 403, pressure plate 404,
- the traditional detection device has a single detection item and low execution efficiency.
- they are sent to the inspectors in a centralized manner.
- the inspectors are prone to missed inspections and wrong inspections.
- it is necessary to switch special machines and repeat clamping, which makes the operation complicated.
- the applicant has designed a surface property detection device and its detection method, which realizes intermittent conveyance through the conveyor chain, detects one by placing one and conveys one by one, and integrates the surface performance detection into one without multiple clamping, reducing manual labor degree, improve work efficiency.
- the present invention discloses a surface property detection device, which includes three parts: a transmission component, an adjustment component and a detection component 4 .
- the transmission assembly includes the clamping table 7 connected with the cylinder 6 through the terminal 1304, and the transmission chain fixed on the top of the machine base 5,
- the clamping table 7 includes a bracket 701, and is distributed on the bracket 701 along a predetermined distance.
- bracket 701 is fixed on the base plate 9 to ensure synchronous movement, and said tray 704 is circular and
- the guide post 702 is pressed against the bracket 701 to prevent the tray 704 from moving slightly during the measurement process.
- the guide post 702 is provided with a slot, and the tray 704 can rotate in any direction along the slot on the guide post 702. Realize the adjustment of the detection direction of the workpiece under test.
- the tray 704 is provided with a stepped slot. Since the shape of the workpiece to be measured is uncertain, the slot of the tray 704 ensures that there is enough space for the positioning block, and at the same time, there is room for the workpiece to be tested, which is convenient for clamping;
- the positioning block is relatively arranged in the through groove, and the inner side of the positioning block and the contact surface of the workpiece to be tested are provided with rubber parts, which relieves the impact force on the workpiece to be measured when the cylinder 6 is clamped, and protects the workpiece to be measured.
- the second positioning The block 705 is fixed in the slot by bolts. When clamping, one end of the workpiece to be measured is close to the second positioning block 705, which can play a positioning role.
- a telescopic mechanism 13 is installed, and the telescopic mechanism 13 includes a pressing plate 1303, and a telescopic rod 1301 arranged at a predetermined distance from the pressing plate 1303.
- One end of the telescopic rod 1301 is connected to the pressing plate 1303, and the other end of the telescopic rod 1301 is evenly distributed on the telescopic
- the cylinder 6 can drive the telescopic board 1302 to push the workpiece through the telescopic rod 1301, which is the telescopic board 1302.
- the telescopic plate 1302 and the first positioning block 703 can exert clamping force on the workpiece under test, which can effectively ensure that the force on the workpiece under test is uniform during clamping, and ensure the stability of the workpiece under test.
- the workpiece under test is always kept in a compact state.
- the transmission chain includes a machine base 5, a timing belt 1 fixedly arranged on the machine base 5 through a pressing plate 1303, and an inductor 2 installed under the synchronous belt 1, and the inductor 2 is kept at the same level as the clamping table 7 In the straight line direction, the workpiece under test can be effectively guaranteed to run intermittently through the sensor 2.
- the timing belt 1 will be automatically started to move the workpiece under test to the top of the sensor 2 to prevent workers from detecting Time error and leakage, and the installation of the sensor 2 is similar to the clamping table 7, which can effectively reduce the transfer distance of the workpiece under test and improve the detection efficiency.
- One side of the synchronous belt 1 is provided with a storage platform 3 in parallel, the cross-section of the storage platform 3 is " ⁇ " shape, the detection assembly 4 is fixed and installed with the middle raised part through the support plate 12, and the storage platform 3 passes through the detection assembly 4 Divided into left and right sides, for the convenience of weighing the workpiece to be measured, a weighing device 301 is fixed on one side of the storage table 3, and the weight can be displayed when the detected workpiece is placed on the weighing device 301, and the other side is used for placing The unqualified products are detected, and the qualified workpieces are placed on the other side of the sensor 2.
- the timing belt 1 rotates, the qualified products are collected into the centralized frame, and the workpieces are placed separately to avoid confusion of the measured workpieces.
- the adjustment assembly includes a lead screw 10 relatively arranged on the first connecting plate 11, and a base plate 9 movably connected with the screw, the lead screw 10 is connected to the base plate 9, and the base plate 9 moves relative to the first connecting plate 11, in order to prevent Bottom plate 9 drives clamping table 7 to move on-line, and the edge of said bottom plate 9 is connected with support plate 12 by gap fit.
- Clamping table 7 is fixed on bottom plate 9 by bolts and placed between lead screws 10.
- Support plate 12 is fixed on the storage On the platform 3, the bottom plate 9 is driven by the control screw 10 to rotate to realize the up and down displacement of the clamping platform 7.
- the detection assembly 4 includes an image transmission assembly fixed on the support frame and located above the clamping table 7, and a test block 401 arranged at the bottom of the lens 406;
- the image transmission assembly includes a crimping plate 404, fixed The lens 406 on the wire clamping plate 404, and the adjusting knob 403 for adjusting the focal length;
- the lens 406 extends through the through hole on the first wiring board to the predetermined distance below and is connected to the test piece 401;
- the wire clamping plate 404 The other side is connected to the second wiring board, and one end of the second wiring board is connected to the computer, and the image is transmitted to the computer through the lens 406, and the adjustment button 403 can adjust the focal length to ensure the clarity of the picture, and the surface performance can be checked only by directly displaying the image on the computer.
- a test block 401 is connected at a predetermined distance below the lens 406.
- One side of the test block 401 is connected to the image transmission component through the transition plate 402, and the other side can be glued with sandpaper, which can be used to detect the flatness of the workpiece surface.
- the tray 704 can be rotated at any angle in the slot of the guide column 702. When the tray 704 is rotated close to the test block 401, the abrasive paper will leave friction marks on the workpiece to be tested. Measure the plane height of the workpiece, which is convenient for subsequent plane processing. To determine whether the flatness meets the requirements, a plug gauge with specified data can be inserted.
- the bottom surface of the test block 401 is used as the reference plane to form a gap with the workpiece to be tested.
- the section of the transition plate 402 is "L" shape, which ensures a certain distance between the test block 401 and the lens 406, no matter how much force is exerted on the test block 401 by the surface of the workpiece to be tested, it can effectively avoid wearing the lens 406 during friction. Since the lens 406 has a certain telescopic stroke when focusing, the test block 401 and the transition plate 402 are provided with a through hole, and the diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the lens 406, which can effectively prevent the test block 401 from blocking the telescopic stroke and blocking when shooting. Lens 406.
- the present invention provides a detection method of a surface property detection device, the specific working process is as follows:
- the transportation chain is powered on, and when the timing belt 1 rotates to drive the workpiece to be tested to move to the sensor 2, the sensor 2 senses the workpiece to be tested. , the motor 8 stops rotating, the timing belt 1 stops, and the workpiece to be measured is manually removed.
- the timing belt 1 runs and sends the next workpiece to be measured to the sensor 2 and waits for it to reciprocate intermittently;
- the workpiece to be measured above the sensor 2 is placed in the slot of the clamping table 7, one side of the workpiece to be measured is close to the second positioning block 705, and the detection surface of the workpiece to be measured is aligned with the lens 406; the workpiece to be measured is clamped
- start the cylinder 6, and the telescopic mechanism 13 automatically drives the first positioning block 703 to push the measured workpiece close to the second positioning block 705; the cylinder 6 always presses the measured workpiece, the upper camera is turned on, and the measured workpiece is photographed.
- the screen is connected to the computer, adjust the adjustment button 403 to adjust the focal length to an appropriate position, observe the computer projection screen to ensure that the screen is clear, and then judge whether the screen is qualified; to test the height of the plane, first shrink the lens 406 to the top of the test block 401, Then stick the abrasive paper to the bottom of the test block 401.
- adjust the lead screw 10 to drive the clamping table 7, so that the surface to be tested fits the test block 401, and rotate the pallet 704 on the clamping table 7 to any position.
- the surface of the workpiece to be tested is close to the test block 401, and plugged into the plug gauge of the specified specification. If there is a large gap, continue to change plug gauges of other specifications, and reciprocate in this way until the flatness meets the requirements; reversely adjust the screw 10 to make the surface of the workpiece under test separate from the test block 401, and observe the frosted marks left by the workpiece under test to judge Flatness: After detecting the finished workpiece, close the cylinder 6, take off the measured workpiece, place the workpiece to be weighed on the storage table 3 equipped with a weighing device 301, and the display screen 302 will display the weight.
- the measured workpiece will be removed and placed on the other side of the storage table 3 for induction; if it is judged to be qualified, it will be placed on the timing belt 1 on the other side of the sensor, and transported to the centralized box; and so on, repeat the above in turn.
- the outside of the detection assembly 4 is surrounded by a semi-closed protective cover 14, and the protective cover 14 is fixedly installed on the storage table 3.
- the workpiece to be tested after machining is often stained with many stains, which affects the detection environment.
- the protective cover 14 has a certain effect on the detection area. A certain dust-proof effect can reduce the dust left on the surface of the workpiece under test and affect the judgment of surface performance. It can also further protect the test lens 406.
- the lens 406 is easy to enter dust and has a great impact on subsequent testing.
Abstract
本发明涉及一种表面性能检测装置及其检测方法，将工件输送至装夹台，再通过拍摄扫描检测零件表面性能，检测的工件通过电脑进行判断是否合格，完成检测操作。工人只需将工件放置在输送台上后夹紧工件即可，自动化流水线形式相比较传统检测系统更有效提高工作效率。通过气缸连接装夹台，在进行检测时有效保证工件夹紧状态，装夹台可装夹各种形状结构的工件。装夹好的工件通过上方镜头拍摄扫描输送到电脑中进行图片对比即可。此外，本发明检测装置还安装有用于检测工件的平面度，检测完后放置置物台，置物台上设置有压力感应器，可用于检测重量。本发明对同一工件可同时检测多种表面性能，并且检测重量，可有效提高工作效率。
Description
本发明涉及一种检测设备，具体涉及一种表面性能检测装置及其检测方法。
随着工业技术的不断发展，大规模工业化生产已成为常态，随之带来的问题就是如何对生产出来的工件检测，既要提高检测准确率，也不能拖慢流水线化生产的效率。在机械加工中，零件的加工表面产生微观不平等各种缺陷，虽然仅存于零件极薄的表面层中，却严重影响着机械零件的精度、耐磨性、配合性、抗腐蚀性和疲劳强度等，从而进一步影响机械的使用性能和使用寿命。在众多表面检测技术中，机器视觉检测技术具有很大优势，它只需一组图像即可对复杂工件的轮廓信息和表面状态进行分析处理，提高了检测效率，也具备较高的检测准确率。平面度误差的测量是一般机械制造行业主要的检测项目，将被测实际表面与理想平面相比较，两者之间的线值距离即为平面度误差值。
在现有表面检测装置，检测项目单一，并且通常是在多个工件加工完后集中送至检测人员手中，检测人员面对集中堆积的工件容易出现漏检、错检的情况，并且在检测零件表面不同性能时，需要切换专用机器，反复装夹，操作复杂。
提供一种表面性能检测装置及其检测方法，通过流水式输送装置输送工件，视觉检测系统下放直接安装装夹台，以及安装称重器，从而解决了现有技术存在的上述问题。
一种表面性能检测装置，包括传输组件、调节组件以及检测组件三部分。
其中传输组件，包括与气缸连接的装夹台，以及固定在机座顶部的传输链；
调节组件，包括相对设置在第一连接板上的丝杠，以及与所述螺杆活动连接的底板。
检测组件，包括固定在支撑架上、且位于所述装夹台上方的图像传输组件，以及设置在所述镜头下部的测试块；
在进一步的实施例中，所述装夹台包括支架，沿预定间距分布在所述支架上的导向柱，活动连接在所述导向柱上的托盘，以及沿固定在所述托盘内的定位块；所述托盘内设置有阶梯型通槽，能够放置定位块的同时，给被测工件足够的空间，便于装夹；所述定位块相对设置在通槽内，定位块内侧与被测工件接触面设置有橡胶件，缓解气缸装夹时对被测工件产生的冲击力，起到保护被测工件的作用，第二定位块固定在卡槽内，起到定位作用；所述托盘为圆形且通过导向柱压紧在支架上，所述导向柱上设置有卡槽，托盘可沿着导向柱上的卡槽进行转动，实现调节被测工件方向。
在进一步的实施例中，所述伸缩机构包括压板，与所述压板预定间距排布的伸缩杆，所述伸缩杆的一端连接压板，伸缩杆的另一端均匀分布在伸缩板伸缩机构连接气缸，在被测工件放置在适当位置时，气缸启动能够带动伸缩板以及第一定位块对被测工件施加夹紧力，使被测工件始终保持压紧状态，防止测试时工件微动。伸缩杆的一端均匀分布在伸缩板上，可有效保证装夹时被测工件所受到的力为均匀的，保证被测工件平稳性。
在进一步的实施例中，所述图像传输组件包括压线板，固定在压线板上的镜头，以及用于调节焦距的调节钮；所述镜头穿过第一接线板上的通孔延伸至下方预定距离连接有测试块，压线板的另一侧连接第二接线板，通过第二接线板的一端连接电脑，图像通过镜头传输到电脑，调节钮可调节焦距保证图片清晰度，观察图像即可对表面性能进行判断。
在进一步的实施例中，所述测试块一侧通过过渡板与所述镜头连接，另一侧可粘磨砂纸，磨砂纸可根据被测工件的材料选择任意光洁度的磨砂纸，便用于检测被测工件表面平面度，磨砂纸在被测表面上留下摩擦痕迹，以便于判断出被测工件平面高低，将测试块作为基准面，在缝隙之间塞入塞规，判定其平面度。
在进一步的实施例中，所述传输链包括机座，通过压板固定设置在机座上的同步带，以及安装在同步带下方的感应器，所述感应器与装夹台保持在同一水平直线方向，通过感应器能有效保证被测工件间歇运行，防止工人检测时错漏，并且感应器与装夹台相近，可有效减少被测工件转移距离，提高检测效率。
在进一步的实施例中，所述同步带的一侧平行设置有置物台，所述置物台截面为“丄”型，所述检测组件通过支撑板固定安装中间凸起部分，所述置物台的一侧设置有称重器，置物台通过检测组件分为左右两边，一侧可用于称量被测工件的重量，另一侧用于放置检测不合格的工件，分开放置避免被测工件混乱。
在进一步的实施例中，所述测试块与过渡板设置有通孔，所述通孔直径大于镜头外径，避免镜头调节焦距时阻挡镜头伸缩行程，以及防止测试块距离太近影响拍摄质量。
在进一步的实施例中，所述丝杠连接底板，底板相对第一连接板运动，所述底板边缘与支撑板间隙配合连接，装夹台通过螺栓固定在底板上并且放置在丝杠之间，通过控制丝杠转动带动底板实现装夹台的上下位移。
一种表面性能检测装置的检测方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将被测被测工件放置在产品运输链的起始位置、位于测试组件的一侧；
S2、运输链通电，同步带转动带动被测工件移动至感应器时，感应器感应到被测工件，电机停止转动，同步带停止，人工取走被测工件，当被测工件取走后，同步带运行将下一个被测工件送至感应器等待，如此往复；
S3、人工将感应器上方的被测工件放置到装夹台的卡槽内，被测工件的一侧靠紧第二定位块，将被测工件的检测面对准镜头；
S4、被测工件装夹完毕后，启动气缸，伸缩机构自动带动第一定位块推动被测工件靠紧第二定位块；气缸始终压紧被测工件，上方相机开启，对被测工件进行拍摄，画面接连至电脑，调整调节钮调节焦距至适当位置，观察电脑投影画面，保证画面清晰即可，再进行对画面判断是否合格；
S5、需要测试平面高低，镜头调节至测试块的上方，将磨砂纸黏贴至测试块底部，被测工件装夹完成后，调节丝杠带动底板，使被测面贴合测试块，转动装夹台上托盘至任意角度，保证被测表面均被摩擦到；
S6、测试平面度，被测工件表面紧贴测试块，塞入指定规格的塞规，难以塞入则平面度小于塞规规格，塞规轻松放入且留有很大空隙，则继续换另外规格的塞规，如此往复，直至平面度符合要求；
S7、反向调节丝杠，使被测工件表面脱离测试块，观察被测工件留下磨砂印记判断平面高低；
S8、检测完成的工件，关闭气缸，取下被测工件，需要称重的工件放置到安装有称重器的置物台上；
S9、若判定为不合格的被测工件，则取下被测工件后放置在置物台的另一侧；若判定为合格，则放置在传感器的另一侧同步带上，输送至集中框内；
S10、如此类推，依次重复S2、S3、S4、S5、S6、S7、S8、S9工作，直至停止工作。
将工件输送至装夹台，再通过拍摄扫描检测零件表面性能，检测的工件通过电脑进行判断是否合格，完成检测操作。工人只需将工件放置在输送台上后夹紧工件即可，自动化流水线形式相比较传统检测系统更有效提高工作效率。通过气缸连接装夹台，在进行检测时有效保证工件夹紧状态，装夹台可装夹各种形状结构的工件。装夹好的工件通过上方镜头拍摄扫描输送到电脑中进行图片对比即可。此外，本发明检测装置还安装有用于检测工件的平面度，检测完后放置置物台，置物台上设置有压力感应器，可用于检测重量。本发明对同一工件可同时检测多种表面性能，并且检测重量，可有效提高工作效率。
图1为本发明整体结构的俯视图。
图2为本发明整体结构的主视图。
图3为本发明中检测装置的结构示意图。
图4为本发明中装夹台的结构示意图。
图5为本发明中装夹台中伸缩机构的局部放大图。
图6为本发明中置物台的结构示意图。
图中各附图标记为：同步带1、感应器2、置物台3、称重器301、显示屏302、检测组件4、测试块401、过渡板402、调节钮403、压线板404、第二连接板405、镜头406、机座5、气缸6、装夹台7、电机8、底板9、丝杠10、第一连接板11、支撑板12、支架701、导向柱702、第一定位块703、托盘704、第二定位块705、伸缩机构13、伸缩杆1301、伸缩板1302、压板1303、接线柱1304、防护罩14。
在下文的描述中，给出了大量具体的细节以便提供对本发明更为彻底的理解。然而，对于本领域技术人员而言显而易见的是，本发明可以无需一个或多个这些细节而得以实施。在其他的例子中，为了避免与本发明发生混淆，对于本领域公知的一些技术特征未进行描述。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
申请人认为，传统的检测装置检测项目单一，执行效率不高，通常是在多个工件加工完后集中送至检测人员手中，检测人员面对集中堆积的工件容易出现漏检、错检的情况，并且在检测零件表面不同性能时，需要切换专用机器，反复装夹，操作复杂。
为此，申请人设计了一种表面性能检测装置及其检测方法，通过输送链实现间歇式输送，检测一个放置一个输送一个，并且将表面性能检测集中一体，不用多次装夹，降低人工劳动程度，提高工作效率。
如图1至图6所示，本发明公开了一种表面性能检测装置，包括传输组件、调节组件以及检测组件4三部分。
其中传输组件包括通过接线柱1304与气缸6连接的装夹台7，以及固定在机座5顶部的传输链，所述装夹台7包括支架701，沿预定间距分布在所述支架701上的导向柱702，活动连接在所述导向柱702上的托盘704，以及沿固定在所述托盘704内的定位块；支架701固定在底板9上可保证同步运动，所述托盘704为圆形且通过导向柱702压紧在支架701上，防止托盘704在测量过程时微动，所述导向柱702上设置有卡槽，托盘704可沿着导向柱702上的卡槽进行任意方向的转动，实现调节被测工件检测方向。所述托盘704内设置有阶梯型通槽，由于被测工件外形具有不定性，托盘704卡槽设置保证能够放置定位块足够空间的同时，给被测工件留有余地，便于装夹；所述定位块相对设置在通槽内，定位块内侧与被测工件接触面设置有橡胶件，缓解气缸6装夹时对被测工件产生的冲击力，起到保护被测工件的作用，第二定位块705通过螺栓固定在卡槽内，装夹时被测工件的一端靠紧第二定位块705，可起到定位作用，与第二定位块705相对设置的第一定位块703的一侧固定安装有伸缩机构13，所述伸缩机构13包括压板1303，与所述压板1303预定间距排布的伸缩杆1301，所述伸缩杆1301的一端连接压板1303，伸缩杆1301的另一端均匀分布在伸缩板1302上，伸缩杆1301至少为三个，伸缩机构13连接气缸6，在被测工件放置在适当位置时，气缸6启动能够带动伸缩板1302通过伸缩杆1301推动被测工件，为伸缩板1302提供均匀的推力，以便于伸缩板1302以及第一定位块703对被测工件施加夹紧力，可有效保证装夹时被测工件所受到的力为均匀的，保证被测工件平稳性,使被测工件始终保持压紧状态。所述传输链包括机座5，通过压板1303固定设置在机座5上的同步带1，以及安装在同步带1下方的感应器2，所述感应器2与装夹台7保持在同一水平直线方向，通过感应器2能有效保证被测工件间歇运行，每至感应器2感应不到被测工件时，便会自动启动同步带1至被测工件移动到感应器2上方，防止工人检测时错漏，并且感应器2安装与装夹台7相近，可有效减少被测工件转移距离，提高检测效率。所述同步带1的一侧平行设置有置物台3，所述置物台3截面为“丄”型，所述检测组件4通过支撑板12固定安装中间凸起部分，置物台3通过检测组件4分为左右两边，为了方便给被测工件称重，所述置物台3的一侧固定设置有称重器301，检测工件放置在称重器301上就可显示重量，另一侧用于放置检测不合格品，检测合格的工件放置在感应器2的另一侧，同步带1转动时将合格品收集到集中框内，分开放置避免被测工件混乱。调节组件，包括相对设置在第一连接板11上的丝杠10，以及与所述螺杆活动连接的底板9，所述丝杠10连接底板9，底板9相对第一连接板11运动，为防止底板9带动装夹台7上线运动困难，所述底板9边缘与支撑板12间隙配合连接，装夹台7通过螺栓固定在底板9上并且放置在丝杠10之间，支撑板12固定在置物台3上，通过控制丝杠10转动带动底板9实现装夹台7的上下位移。检测组件4，包括固定在支撑架上、且位于所述装夹台7上方的图像传输组件，以及设置在所述镜头406下部的测试块401；所述图像传输组件包括压线板404，固定在压线板404上的镜头406，以及用于调节焦距的调节钮403；所述镜头406穿过第一接线板上的通孔延伸至下方预定距离连接有测试块401；压线板404的另一侧连接第二接线板，通过第二接线板的一端连接电脑，图像通过镜头406传输到电脑，调节钮403可调节焦距保证图片清晰度，只需通过直观电脑显示图像即可对表面性能进行判断。所述镜头406下方预定距离连接有测试块401，所述测试块401一侧通过过渡板402与所述图像传输组件连接，另一侧可粘磨砂纸，磨砂纸可用于检测工件表面平面度，托盘704在导向柱702的卡槽内可转动任意角度，贴近测试块401转动托盘704，磨砂纸在被测工件上可留下摩擦痕迹，平面高的会留下摩擦痕迹，便可判断出被测工件平面高低，便于后续平面加工，判定平面度是否符合要求可塞入指定数据的塞规，将测试块401底面作为基准面与被测工件形成缝隙，塞规能够塞入则平面度为对应塞规数据。过渡板402截面为“L”型，保证测试块401与镜头406保持一定的距离，不管被测工件的表面对测试块401施加多大的力，都可以有效避免摩擦时磨损镜头406。由于镜头406聚焦时具有一定的伸缩行程，所述测试块401与过渡板402设置有通孔，所述通孔直径大于镜头406外径，可有效防止避免测试块401阻挡伸缩行程以及拍摄时阻挡镜头406。
基于上述技术方案，本发明提供一种表面性能检测装置的检测方法，具体的工作过程如下：
首先，人工将被测工件依次放置在未启动的同步带1上，摆放完成后，运输链通电，同步带1转动带动被测工件移动至感应器2时，感应器2感应到被测工件，电机8停止转动，同步带1停止，人工取走被测工件，当被测工件取走后，同步带1运行将下一个被测工件送至感应器2等待，如此往复间歇运动；人工将感应器2上方的被测工件放置到装夹台7的卡槽内，被测工件的一侧靠紧第二定位块705，将被测工件的检测面对准镜头406；被测工件装夹完毕后，启动气缸6，伸缩机构13自动带动第一定位块703推动被测工件靠紧第二定位块705；气缸6始终压紧被测工件，上方相机开启，对被测工件进行拍摄，同时画面接连至电脑，调整调节钮403调节焦距至适当位置，观察电脑投影画面，保证画面清晰即可，再进行对画面判断是否合格；需要测试平面高低，先将镜头406收缩至测试块401上部，然后将磨砂纸黏贴至测试块401底部，被测工件装夹完成后，调节丝杠10带动装夹台7，使被测面贴合测试块401，转动装夹台7上托盘704至任意角度，保证被测表面均被摩擦到，测试平面度，被测工件表面紧贴测试块401，塞入指定规格的塞规，难以塞入则平面度小于塞规规格，塞规轻松放入且留有很大空隙，则继续换另外规格的塞规，如此往复，直至平面度符合要求；反向调节丝杠10，使被测工件表面脱离测试块401，观察被测工件留下磨砂印记判断平面度；检测完成的工件，关闭气缸6，取下被测工件，需要称重的工件放置到安装有称重器301的置物台3上，显示屏302会显示出重量。若判定为不合格的被测工件，则取下被测工件后放置在置物台3的另一侧归纳；若判定为合格，则放置在传感器的另一侧同步带1上，逐一输送至集中框内；如此类推，依次重复上述。
此外检测组件4的外部围绕有半封闭式防护罩14，防护罩14固定安装在置物台3上，机械加工完的被测工件往往沾有许多污渍，影响检测环境，防护罩14对检测区域具有一定防尘效果，减少被测工件表面留有灰尘影响表面性能判断，也可进一步保护测试镜头406，镜头406容易进入灰尘对后续检测影响很大。
如上所述，尽管参照特定的优选实施例已经表示和表述了本发明，但其不得解释为对本发明自身的限制。在不脱离所附权利要求定义的本发明的精神和范围前提下，可对其在形式上和细节上做出各种变化。
Claims (10)
- 一种表面性能检测装置，其特征是包括：传输组件，包括与气缸连接的装夹台，以及固定在机座顶部的传输链；调节组件，包括相对设置在第一连接板上的丝杠，以及与所述丝杠活动连接的底板；检测组件，包括固定在支撑架上、且位于所述装夹台上方的图像传输组件，以及设置在所述图像传输组件下部的测试块。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种表面性能检测装置，其特征在于：所述装夹台包括支架，沿预定间距分布在所述支架上的导向柱，活动连接在所述导向柱上的托盘，以及沿固定在所述托盘内的定位块；所述托盘内设置有阶梯型通槽，所述定位块相对设置在通槽内；第一定位块的一侧固定安装有伸缩机构，第二定位块固定在卡槽内；所述托盘为圆形且通过导向柱压紧在支架上；所述导向柱上设置有卡槽。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种表面性能检测装置，其特征在于：所述伸缩机构包括压板，所述压板预定间距排布的伸缩杆，所述伸缩杆的一端连接有伸缩板。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种表面性能检测装置，其特征在于：所述图像传输组件包括压线板，固定在压线板上的镜头，以及用于调节焦距的调节钮；所述镜头穿过第一接线板上的通孔延伸至下方预定距离连接有测试块。
- 根据权利要求4所述的一种表面性能检测装置，其特征在于：所述测试块一侧通过过渡板与所述镜头连接，另一侧可粘磨砂纸。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种表面性能检测装置，其特征在于：所述传输链包括机座，通过压板固定设置在机座上的同步带，以及安装在同步带下方的感应器，所述感应器与装夹台保持在同一水平直线方向。
- 根据权利要求6所述的一种表面性能检测装置，其特征在于：所述同步带的一侧平行设置有置物台，所述置物台截面为“丄”型，所述检测组件通过支撑板固定安装中间凸起部分，所述置物台的一侧设置有称重器。
- 根据权利要求4所述的一种表面性能检测装置，其特征在于：所述测试块与压线板设置有通孔，所述通孔直径大于镜头外径。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种表面性能检测装置，其特征在于：所述丝杠连接底板，底板相对第一连接板运动；所述底板边缘与支撑板间隙配合连接，所述丝杠之间安装有装夹台。
- 一种表面性能检测方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：S1、将被测被测工件放置在产品运输链的起始位置、位于测试组件的一侧；S2、运输链通电，同步带转动带动被测工件移动至感应器时，感应器感应到被测工件，电机停止转动，同步带停止，人工取走被测工件，当被测工件取走后，同步带运行将下一个被测工件送至感应器等待，如此往复；S3、人工将感应器上方的被测工件放置到装夹台的卡槽内，被测工件的一侧靠紧第二定位块，将被测工件的检测面对准镜头；S4、被测工件装夹完毕后，启动气缸，伸缩机构自动带动第一定位块推动被测工件靠紧第二定位块；气缸始终压紧被测工件，上方相机开启，对被测工件进行拍摄，画面接连至电脑，调整调节钮调节焦距至适当位置，观察电脑投影画面，保证画面清晰即可，再进行对画面判断是否合格；S5、需要测试平面高低，镜头调节至测试块的上方，将磨砂纸黏贴至测试块底部，被测工件装夹完成后，调节丝杠带动底板，使被测面贴合测试块，转动装夹台上托盘至任意角度，保证被测表面均被摩擦到；S6、测试平面度，被测工件表面紧贴测试块，塞入指定规格的塞规，难以塞入则平面度小于塞规规格，塞规轻松放入且留有很大空隙，则继续换另外规格的塞规，如此往复，直至平面度符合要求；S7、反向调节丝杠，使被测工件表面脱离测试块，观察被测工件留下磨砂印记判断平面高低；S8、检测完成的工件，关闭气缸，取下被测工件，需要称重的工件放置到安装有称重器的置物台上；S9、若判定为不合格的被测工件，则取下被测工件后放置在置物台的另一侧；若判定为合格，则放置在传感器的另一侧同步带上，输送至集中框内；S10、如此类推，依次重复S2、S3、S4、S5、S6、S7、S8、S9工作，直至停止工作。
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