WO2022227742A1 - 分流器及具有其的制冷系统 - Google Patents

分流器及具有其的制冷系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022227742A1
WO2022227742A1 PCT/CN2022/073801 CN2022073801W WO2022227742A1 WO 2022227742 A1 WO2022227742 A1 WO 2022227742A1 CN 2022073801 W CN2022073801 W CN 2022073801W WO 2022227742 A1 WO2022227742 A1 WO 2022227742A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
section
inlet
outlet
diverter
plate
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PCT/CN2022/073801
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2022227742A8 (zh
Inventor
冯忠波
王文杰
郎壮
朱方英
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浙江盾安人工环境股份有限公司
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Application filed by 浙江盾安人工环境股份有限公司 filed Critical 浙江盾安人工环境股份有限公司
Priority to JP2023557170A priority Critical patent/JP2024518234A/ja
Priority to KR1020237040635A priority patent/KR20240001209A/ko
Publication of WO2022227742A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022227742A1/zh
Publication of WO2022227742A8 publication Critical patent/WO2022227742A8/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L41/00—Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls
    • F16L41/02—Branch units, e.g. made in one piece, welded, riveted
    • F16L41/03—Branch units, e.g. made in one piece, welded, riveted comprising junction pieces for four or more pipe members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
    • F25B41/42—Arrangements for diverging or converging flows, e.g. branch lines or junctions

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of refrigeration technology, and in particular, to a flow divider and a refrigeration system having the same.
  • the flow divider also known as the liquid divider and the distributor, is an important component in the air conditioning and refrigeration system, which plays the role of mixing and evenly distributing the fluid (liquid, gas or gas-liquid mixture) to each pipeline.
  • the flow divider is usually installed at the inlet of the heat exchanger in the refrigeration system, and is used to evenly distribute the medium to each heat exchange tube of the heat exchanger for heat exchange.
  • the processing technology of the shunt body is usually formed by turning the copper rod. First, the copper rod is cut off, and then the tool is used to process multiple shunt holes in turn. This method has low processing efficiency, high manufacturing cost, and high manufacturing cost. The cycle is long, and it is not conducive to subsequent use and maintenance.
  • the present application provides a shunt with low manufacturing cost.
  • a diverter comprises a body, the body has an inner cavity, an inlet and an outlet are opened on the body, the inlet and the outlet are respectively located at two ends of the body, and the inlet and the outlet pass through the The inner cavities are communicated with each other, and the body is drawn and formed by a metal plate.
  • the body is stretched and formed by using the metal plate, and the body is integrally stretched and formed by the metal plate, so that there is no welding seam on the body, and the overall air tightness is enhanced.
  • the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the manufacturing cycle can be shortened, thereby making subsequent use and maintenance more convenient.
  • the body comprises an inlet section and a conical section which are connected to each other, the inlet is opened on the inlet section, and the vertical distance of the conical section to the axis of the body is from the inlet to the direction The direction of the outlet gradually increases; a transition section is arranged between the inlet section and the conical section, and the transition section is located at the connection position of the inlet section and the conical section for transitioning the body flow of internal fluids.
  • the axial section of the transition segment is a circular arc segment
  • the arc opening of the circular arc segment faces the outside of the body
  • the radius R of the circular arc segment is greater than or equal to 15 mm.
  • the body further includes an outlet section, the outlet section is connected to one end of the tapered section away from the inlet section, the outlet is opened on the outlet section; the wall of the inlet section
  • the thickness is t1
  • the wall thickness of the conical section is t2
  • the wall thickness of the outlet section is t3
  • t1, t2 and t3 satisfy the following relation: t1>t3>t2.
  • the diverter further includes a diverter plate, the diverter plate is mounted on the body at the outlet position, the diverter plate is provided with a plurality of diverter holes, the diverter holes pass through the The inner cavity is communicated with the inlet, and the shunt plate is punched to form the shunt hole.
  • an expanded flange is punched and formed on the distribution plate, and the distribution hole is formed in the space surrounded by the flange.
  • the flange extends in a direction away from the inlet.
  • the included angle between the axis of the flange and the axis of the body is ⁇ , and ⁇ satisfies the following relationship: ⁇ 90°.
  • the flow splitter can improve the flow splitting efficiency on the premise of ensuring that the fluid is not obstructed.
  • a limiting structure is provided on the body at a position relatively close to the outlet, and the flow dividing plate can abut on the limiting structure.
  • the metal plate is a stainless steel plate.
  • the body made of stainless steel, the welding strength between the manifold and the body can be improved, and the pressure resistance and sealing performance can be improved.
  • a refrigeration system includes a heat exchanger and a flow divider, wherein the flow divider is arranged at the inlet of the heat exchanger.
  • the body is stretched and formed with the metal plate, and the body is integrally stretched and formed by the metal plate, so that there is no welding seam on the body, and the overall air tightness is enhanced.
  • the method can also reduce the manufacturing cost and shorten the manufacturing cycle, thereby making the subsequent use and maintenance more convenient.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the shunt provided by the application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the flow divider provided by the present application.
  • a component when referred to as being “mounted on” another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may also be an intervening component.
  • a component When a component is considered to be “set on” another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may be a co-existing centered component.
  • a component When a component is said to be “fixed” to another component, it may be directly fixed to the other component or there may also be an intervening component.
  • the present application provides a flow divider 100 , which is usually installed at the inlet of a heat exchanger in a refrigeration system for evenly distributing the medium to each heat exchange of the heat exchanger Heat exchange in the tube.
  • the flow divider 100 is installed at the inlet of the evaporator.
  • the flow divider 100 may also be installed at the inlet of the condenser, which is not limited herein.
  • the diverter 100 provided by the present application includes a body 10, the body 10 has an inner cavity 11, an inlet 12 and an outlet 13 are opened on the body 10, the inlet 12 and the outlet 13 are respectively located at two ends of the body 10, the inlet 12 and the outlet 13
  • the inner cavity 11 communicates with each other, and the main body 10 is formed by drawing a metal plate.
  • the processing technology of the shunt body is usually formed by turning the copper rod. First, the copper rod is cut off, and then the tool is used to process multiple shunt holes in turn. This method has low processing efficiency. The manufacturing cost is high, the manufacturing cycle is long, and it is not conducive to subsequent use and maintenance.
  • the body 10 is stretched and formed by using a metal plate, and the body 10 is integrally stretched and formed through a metal plate, so that there is no welding seam on the body 10 and the overall airtightness is enhanced. The cost is reduced and the manufacturing cycle is shortened, which in turn makes subsequent use and maintenance more convenient.
  • the specific method for forming the body 10 by stretching the metal plate is as follows: the metal plate blank is clamped only from both sides, stretched to the plastic zone, and then wraps the punch halfway around the punch, and removes the punch. , to complete the stretching and forming of the body 10.
  • the advantage of this processing technology is that the parts can be automatically unloaded under the action of the spring, thereby improving the unloading efficiency, and will not damage the parts, and the mold structure is simple, which reduces the cost of The manufacturing cost is shortened, and the manufacturing cycle is shortened, thereby making subsequent use and maintenance more convenient.
  • the metal plate is a stainless steel plate, that is, the material of the body 10 is stainless steel; of course, in other embodiments, the metal plate can also be a plate structure of other materials such as copper plate, aluminum plate or iron plate, which is not limited here.
  • the body 10 made of stainless steel can reduce the cost, and has high pressure resistance and high sealing performance, and at the same time, it can avoid the occurrence of ammonia fumigation test by using brass material. cracking problem.
  • the body 10 includes an inlet section 14 and a tapered section 15 that are interconnected.
  • the inlet section 14 is set as a straight section extending along the axis of the body 10 , and the vertical distance from the tapered section 15 to the axis of the body 10 increases gradually from the inlet 12 toward the outlet 13 , that is, the tapered section 15 is in the direction toward the outlet 13 . flaring setting.
  • One end of the inlet section 14 is provided with the inlet 12 , and the other end is connected with the small diameter end of the conical section 15 .
  • a transition section 16 is provided between the inlet section 14 and the conical section 15, the transition section 16 is located at the connection position of the inlet section 14 and the conical section 15, and both ends of the transition section 16 are respectively connected to the inlet section 14 and the conical section 15.
  • the transition section 16 is used for the fluid flow in the transition body 10.
  • the present application adopts the setting of the transition section 16 so that the stress will not be concentrated at the connection position of the inlet section 14 and the tapered section 15. , so as to avoid structural fracture due to stress concentration.
  • the axial section of the transition segment is a circular arc segment, the arc opening of the circular arc segment faces the outside of the body, and the radius R of the circular arc segment is greater than or equal to 15 mm.
  • the axial section of the transition section 16 is a circular arc section, two ends of the circular arc section are respectively connected to the inlet section 14 and the conical section 15, and the radius R of the circular arc section is greater than or equal to 15 mm;
  • the transition section 16 may also adopt other types of transition structures such as rounded corners or chamfered corners, which is not limited herein.
  • section of the transition section 16 in the axial direction is an arc section
  • section in the axial direction refers to that the side of the section of the transition section 16 in the axial direction of the body 10 is an arc section, and the section along the axis of the body 10 is an arc section.
  • the arc opening of the arc segment faces the outside of the body.
  • the radius of the arc segment is too low, the arc length of the arc segment may be too short, so that the effect of avoiding stress concentration cannot be achieved. Therefore, by limiting the radius of the arc segment to ⁇ 15mm, it can avoid The effect of stress concentration causing structural fracture.
  • the body 10 also includes an outlet section 17 .
  • the outlet section 17 is connected to the end of the conical section 15 away from the inlet section 14 , and the outlet 13 is opened on the outlet section 17 .
  • the inlet 12 is opened at the end of the inlet section 14 away from the tapered section
  • the outlet 13 is opened at the end of the outlet section 17 away from the tapered section 15, and the space surrounded by the inlet 12 and the inlet section 14, the cone
  • the space enclosed by the segment 15 , the space enclosed by the outlet segment 17 and the total enclosed space of the outlet 13 are collectively referred to as the inner cavity 11 of the body 10 .
  • the wall thickness of the inlet section 14 is t 1
  • the wall thickness of the tapered section 15 is t 2
  • the wall thickness of the outlet section 17 is t 3
  • t 1 >t 3 > t 2 the wall thickness of the outlet section 17
  • the processing method of the shrinking at the tail increases the wall thickness of the outlet section 17, thereby increasing the thickness of the outlet section 17.
  • the relationship between the wall thicknesses of the inlet section 14, the conical section 15 and the outlet section 17 is formed into a relationship of t 1 >t 3 >t 2 through the drawing process.
  • the diverter 100 further includes a diverter plate 20 , and the diverter plate 20 is installed at the position of the outlet 13 on the body 10 .
  • the main body 10 is substantially cylindrical, and the matching plate 20 is disc-shaped, and the disc-shaped dividing plate 20 is installed on the outlet 13 of the cylindrical body 10 .
  • the body 10 and the distribution plate 20 may also have other shapes, which are not limited herein.
  • the distribution plate 20 is made of stainless steel.
  • the distribution plate 20 made of stainless steel can reduce the cost, and has high pressure resistance and high sealing performance.
  • the distribution plate 20 can be welded by laser welding or argon arc welding. In the main body 10, no solder is needed, the heat affected area is small, and the melting point is high, which can improve the welding consistency and the welding strength; while the copper body 10 and the shunt plate 20 can only be welded by flame welding or high-frequency welding, and the welding penetration depth The requirements are relatively high, and the welding penetration requirements are relatively long. Once the welding penetration or welding depth does not meet the requirements, the welding strength will be affected.
  • the distribution plate 20 may also be made of other materials, which is not limited herein.
  • the distribution plate 20 is provided with a plurality of distribution holes 21, the distribution holes 21 communicate with the inlet 12 through the inner cavity 11, and the distribution plate 20 is punched to form the distribution holes 21. Compared with the traditional copper bar turning and processing the branch hole 21, the processing efficiency can be improved.
  • an expanded flange 22 is punched and formed on the distribution plate 20, and the distribution hole 21 is formed in the space surrounded by the flange 22. That is, the distribution plate 20 is formed with a plurality of flanges 22 by stamping, and each flange 22 has a corresponding distribution hole 21 , and the distribution holes 21 are evenly distributed on the distribution plate 20 .
  • the flange 22 may be extended in a direction away from the inner cavity 11 , or the flange 22 may also be extended in a direction close to the inner cavity 11 ; in this embodiment, the flange 22 may be extended away from the inner cavity 11 .
  • the axis of the flange 22 is inclined relative to the axis of the body 10 , and the included angle ⁇ between the axis of the flange 22 and the axis of the body 10 satisfies the relationship: ⁇ 90°.
  • the main body 10 is provided with a limit structure (not shown in the figure), the diverter plate 20 is fixed at the outlet 13, and can abut on the limit structure, and the installation position of the diverter plate 20 is limited by setting the limit structure, That is, in this embodiment, the diverter plate 20 is installed at the position of the outlet 13 of the main body 10, and the limiting structure is arranged on the inner wall of the outlet section 17.
  • the diverter plate 20 When the diverter plate 20 is installed at the position of the outlet 13 of the main body 10, it can It abuts against the upper limit of the limiting structure, so as to limit the installation position of the shunt plate 20 .
  • the limiting structure may be a limiting protrusion or a limiting convex ring; of course, in other embodiments, the limiting structure may also be a constricting structure or a flaring structure, here Not limited.
  • an inlet pipe 121 is inserted at the inlet 12, the inlet pipe 121 is fixed at the inlet 12 by welding, and the inlet pipe 121 is used for connecting with external devices, such as a throttle valve and the like.
  • An outlet pipe 211 is provided at the orifice of the shunt hole 21 outside the inner cavity 11 , and the outlet pipe 211 and the flange 22 are fixedly connected by welding. In this way, the connection strength of the outlet pipe 211 can be increased.
  • the inlet pipe 121 can also be sleeved at the inlet 12 and fixed at the inlet 12 by welding; similarly, the outlet pipe 211 can be partially inserted into the shunt hole 21, and can also be partially sleeved On the outer side wall of the flange 22, this can not only strengthen the connection strength, but also enable the flange 22 to be connected with the outlet pipes 211 of different pipe diameters.
  • the plurality of outlet pipes 211 are connected to the plurality of heat exchange tubes of the evaporator.
  • the outlet pipes 211 can also be connected to different devices according to different connection objects, which is not limited here.
  • the inlet pipe 121 and the outlet pipe 211 can be stainless steel pipes or copper pipes. Since the stainless steel pipes have low cost and are of the same material as the body 10, the difficulty of welding can be reduced; Usually it is a copper tube, and the inlet tube 121 and the outlet tube 211 are set as copper tubes, which can be easily welded.
  • the inlet pipe 121 and the outlet pipe 211 of stainless steel material or cylindrical material can be selected according to different scenarios, which are not limited herein.
  • the main body 10 is fabricated by using a stainless steel plate to stretch and form, which reduces the manufacturing cost and shortens the manufacturing cycle, thereby making subsequent use and maintenance more convenient.
  • the present application also provides a refrigeration system (not shown in the figure), including a heat exchanger (not shown in the figure) and the above-mentioned flow divider 100, and the flow divider 100 is provided at the inlet of the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger can be an evaporator or a condenser.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

一种分流器(100)及具有其的制冷系统。该分流器(100)包括本体(10)，本体(10)具有内腔(11)，本体(10)上开设有进口(12)和出口(13)，进口(12)和出口(13)分别位于本体(10)的两端，进口(12)和出口(13)通过内腔(11)相连通，本体(10)由金属板拉伸成型。该制冷系统包括换热器以及上述分流器(100)，分流器(100)设于换热器的入口处。

Description

分流器及具有其的制冷系统
相关申请
本申请要求2021年4月30日申请的，申请号为202120925911.0，发明名称为“分流器及具有其的制冷系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及制冷技术领域，特别是涉及一种分流器及具有其的制冷系统。
背景技术
分流器又称分液器、分配器，是空调制冷系统中一个重要的部件，起到将流体(液体、气体或者气液混合物)混合并均匀的分配到各管路中去的作用。分流器通常安装于制冷系统中的换热器的入口处，用于将介质均匀地分配给换热器的各个换热管中进行换热。
相关的分流器中，分流器本体的加工工艺通常是通过铜棒车削加工形成的，先将铜棒切断，再利用刀具依次加工多个分流孔，这种方式加工效率低，制造成本高，制造周期长，且不利于后续的使用与维护。
发明内容
有鉴于此，针对上述技术问题，本申请提供了一种制造成本低的分流器。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请提供如下技术方案：
一种分流器，包括本体，所述本体具有内腔，所述本体上开设有进口和出口，所述进口和所述出口分别位于所述本体的两端，所述进口和所述出口通过所述内腔相连通，所述本体由金属板拉伸成型。
本申请通过用所述金属板将所述本体拉伸成型，采用通过所述金属板一体拉伸成型所述本体的方式，使得所述本体上无焊缝，增强整体气密性，该方式也可以使得制造成本得以降低，制造周期得以缩短，进而使得后续的使用和维护都更加方便。
在其中一个实施例中，所述本体包括互相连接的进口段和锥形段，所述进口开设于所述进口段上，所述锥形段到所述本体轴线的垂直距离自所述进口朝向所述出口的方向逐渐增大；所述进口段和所述锥形段之间设有过渡段，所述过渡段位于所述进口段和所述锥形段连接位置，用于过渡所述本体内流体的流动。
可以理解的是，通过所述过渡段的设置，使得应力不会集中在所述过渡段位于所述进口段和所述锥形段连接位置，避免因应力集中而造成结构断裂。
在其中一个实施例中，所述过渡段沿轴向的截面为圆弧段，所述圆弧段的弧口朝向所述本体外侧，且所述圆弧段的半径R≥15mm。
可以理解的是，如若所述圆弧段的半径R过低，则起不到避免应力集中的效果。
在其中一个实施例中，所述本体还包括出口段，所述出口段连接于所述锥形段远离所述进口段一端，所述出口开设于所述出口段上；所述进口段的壁厚为t1，所述锥形段的壁厚为t2，所述出口段的壁厚为t3，t1、t2和t3满足以下关系式：t1＞t3＞t2。
在其中一个实施例中，所述分流器还包括分流板，所述分流板安装于所述本体上的所述出口位置，所述分流板上开设有多个分流孔，所述分流孔通过所述内腔与所述进口相连通，所述分流板经冲压形成所述分流孔。
可以理解的是，通过将所述分流孔在所述分流板上冲压成型，从而提高加工效率。
在其中一个实施例中，所述分流板上冲压形成有扩张的翻边，所述分流孔形成于所述翻边所围设的空间内。
在其中一个实施例中，所述翻边朝向远离所述进口的方向延伸设置。
在其中一个实施例中，所述翻边的轴线和所述本体的轴线之间的夹角为α，且α满足以下关系式：α≤90°。
可以理解的是，通过限定α≤90°，使得所述分流器在保证流体不受阻碍的前提下提升分流效率。
在其中一个实施例中，所述本体上相对靠近所述出口的位置设有限位结构，且所述分流板能够抵靠在所述限位结构上。
可以理解的是，通过设置所述限位结构来限位所述分流板的安装位置。
在其中一个实施例中，所述金属板为不锈钢板。
可以理解的是，通过将所述本体制作成不锈钢材质，能够提高所述分流板和所述本体之间的焊接强度，提高耐压能力及密封性。
本申请还提供如下技术方案：
一种制冷系统，包括换热器以及分流器，所述分流器设于所述换热器的入口处。
与相关技术相比，本申请通过用所述金属板将所述本体拉伸成型，采用通过金属板一体拉伸成型所述本体的方式，使得本体上无焊缝，增强整体气密性，该方式也可以使得制造成本得以降低，制造周期得以缩短，进而使得后续的使用和维护都更加方便。
附图说明
图1为本申请提供的分流器结构示意图；
图2为本申请提供的分流器剖面结构示意图。
图中各符号表示含义如下：
100、分流器；10、本体；11、内腔；12、进口；121、进管；13、出口；14、进口段；15、锥形段；16、过渡段；17、出口段；20、分流板；21、分流孔；211、出管；22、翻边。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
需要说明的是，当组件被称为“装设于”另一个组件，它可以直接在另一个组件上或者也可以存在居中的组件。当一个组件被认为是“设置于”另一个组件，它可以是直接设置在另一个组件上或者可能同时存在居中组件。当一个组件被认为是“固定于”另一个组件，它可以是直接固定在另一个组件上或者可能同时存在居中组件。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“或/及”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
请参考图1至图2，本申请提供一种分流器100，该分流器100通常安装于制冷系统中的换热器的入口处，用于将介质均匀地分配给换热器的各个换热管中进行换热。在本实施例中，分流器100安装在蒸发器中的入口处，在其他实施例中，分流器100还可安装于冷凝器的入口处，在此不作限定。
具体地，本申请提供的分流器100包括本体10，本体10具有内腔11，本体10上开设有进口12和出口13，进口12和出口13分别位于本体10的两端，进口12和出口13通过内腔11相连通，本体10由金属板拉伸成型。
需要说明的是，相关的分流器中，分流器本体的加工工艺通常是通过铜棒车削加工形成的，先将铜棒切断，再利用刀具依次加工多个分流孔，这种方式加工效率低，制造成本高，制造周期长，且不利于后续的使用与维护。而本实施方式中，通过用金属板将本体10拉伸成型，采用通过金属板一体拉伸成型本体10的方式，使得本体10上无焊缝，增强整 体气密性，该方式也可以使得制造成本得以降低，制造周期得以缩短，进而使得后续的使用和维护都更加方便。
在本实施例中，通过用金属板将本体10拉伸成型的具体方法为：将金属板毛坯只从两边夹紧，拉伸至塑性区，然后在过半处包住凸模，卸下凹模，完成对本体10的拉伸成型，这种加工工艺的优点在于，在弹簧的作用下能自动地卸件，以此提高卸件效率，并且不会损坏零件，模具结构简单，如此便降低了制造成本，缩短了制造周期，进而使得后续的使用和维护都更加方便。
可选地，金属板为不锈钢板，即，本体10的材质为不锈钢；当然，在其他实施例中，金属板也可以为铜板、铝板或者铁板等其他材质的板结构，在此不作限定。
可以理解的是，相较于黄铜材质的分流器100，不锈钢材质的本体10能够降低成本，且耐压能力高，密封性高，同时可避免使用黄铜材料制作在做氨熏试验时发生开裂的问题。
如图1所示，本体10包括互相连接的进口段14和锥形段15。进口段14设置为沿本体10的轴线方向延伸的直段，锥形段15到本体10轴线的垂直距离自进口12朝向出口13的方向逐渐增大，即，锥形段15呈朝向出口13方向的扩口设置。进口段14的一端开设有进口12，另一端和锥形段15的小径端相连接。具体地，进口段14和锥形段15之间设有过渡段16，过渡段16位于进口段14和锥形段15连接位置，且过渡段16的两端分别连接进口段14和锥形段15，过渡段16用于过渡本体10内流体的流动。
需要说明的是，在将金属板通过拉伸成型的方式拉伸出进口段14和锥形段15的过程中，因为进口段14和锥形段15之间会存在一个直径突然增大的拐点，会导致应力集中在拐点处，则会在折弯的过程中引起结构的断裂，因此本申请通过过渡段16的设置，使得应力不会集中在进口段14和锥形段15的连接位置处，如此避免因应力集中而造成结构断裂。
所述过渡段沿轴向的截面为圆弧段，所述圆弧段的弧口朝向所述本体外侧，且所述圆弧段的半径R≥15mm。
可选地，在本实施例中，过渡段16沿轴向的截面为圆弧段，圆弧段的两端分别连接进口段14和锥形段15，且圆弧段的半径R≥15mm；当然，在其他实施例中，过渡段16还可以采用圆角或者倒角等其他类型的过渡结构，在此不作限定。
需要说明的是，过渡段16沿轴向的截面为圆弧段，其中的沿轴向的截面指的是沿本体10的轴线方向的过渡段16的剖面的侧边为圆弧段，且该圆弧段的弧口朝向本体外侧。
可以理解的是，如若圆弧段的半径过低，则可能导致圆弧段的弧长过短，从而起不到避免应力集中的效果，因此通过限定圆弧段的半径≥15mm，起到了避免应力集中而造成 结构断裂的效果。
值得注意的是，由于本体10是存在壁厚的，也就是说，进口段14和锥形段15的连接处会存在两个直径突然增大的拐点，即，将过渡段16沿本体10的轴线方向剖开，过渡段16剖面的侧边会存在位于本体10外壁和内壁的两段圆弧段，那么此处则存在三种实施方式，分别为将仅在本体10的外壁面上设置圆弧段、仅在本体10的内壁面上设置圆弧段和本体10的内壁面和外壁面上同时设置有圆弧段，在此对圆弧段的具体设置位置不作限定。
如图2所示，本体10还包括出口段17。出口段17连接于锥形段15远离进口段14一端，出口13开设于出口段17上。此处需要说明的是，进口12开设于进口段14远离锥形段15一端，出口13开设于出口段17远离锥形段15一端，而进口12、进口段14所围设的空间、锥形段15所围设的空间、出口段17所围设的空间和出口13的总围设空间统称为本体10的内腔11。
具体地，进口段14的壁厚为t 1，锥形段15的壁厚为t 2，出口段17的壁厚为t3，t1、t 2和t 3满足关系式：t 1＞t 3＞t 2。
需要说明的是，在本实施例中，由于本体10是通过将不锈钢板拉伸成圆筒，然后进行尾部缩口的，此时尾部缩口的加工方式使得出口段17的壁厚增加，从而使得进口段14、锥形段15和出口段17的壁厚关系通过拉伸成型的工艺形成为t 1＞t 3＞t 2这样的关系式。
进一步地，分流器100还包括分流板20，分流板20安装于本体10上的出口13位置。
具体地，在本实施例中，本体10大致呈圆筒状，与之相匹配的，分流板20则呈圆盘状，圆盘状的分流板20安装于圆筒状的本体10的出口13位置。当然，在其他实施例中，本体10和分流板20也可以呈其他形状，在此不作限定。
可选地，在本实施例中，分流板20采用不锈钢材质，不锈钢材质的分流板20能够降低成本，且耐压能力高，密封性高，分流板20能够利用激光焊或氩弧焊焊接在本体10内，不需要焊料，热影响区域小，熔点高，能够提高焊接一致性，提高焊接强度；而铜制的本体10及分流板20只能通过火焰焊或者高频焊焊接，焊接熔深要求比较高，焊接渗透要求比较长，一旦焊接熔深或焊接深透达不到要求，都会影响焊接强度。当然，在其他实施例中，分流板20也可以采用其他材质，在此不作限定。
进一步地，分流板20上开设有多个分流孔21，分流孔21通过内腔11与进口12相连通，分流板20经冲压形成分流孔21。相较于传统的铜棒车削加工分流孔21，如此能够提高加工效率。
具体地，分流板20上冲压形成有扩张的翻边22，分流孔21形成于翻边22所围设的 空间内。即，分流板20冲压成型形成有多个翻边22，且每个翻边22对应具有一个分流孔21，分流孔21在分流板20上均匀分布。
可选地，翻边22可以朝向远离内腔11的方向延伸设置，或者，翻边22也可以朝向靠近内腔11的方向延伸设置；在本实施例中，翻边22朝向远离内腔11的方向延伸设置。
可选地，翻边22的轴线相对本体10的轴线倾斜设置，且翻边22的轴线与本体10的轴线之间的夹角α满足关系式：α≤90°。
可以理解的是，在流体从进口12流入内腔11再从分流孔21流出后，其流动方向相对本体10的轴线倾斜，从而提升流体的分流效率，若翻边22的轴线与本体10的轴线之间的夹角α超过90°，则流体从分流孔21流出时需要转弯，便会增加流动阻力，不利于流体的正常分流。
进一步地，本体10上设有限位结构(图未示)，分流板20固定于出口13处，且能够抵靠在限位结构上，通过设置限位结构来限位分流板20的安装位置，即，在本实施例中，分流板20安装于本体10上的出口13位置，则将限位结构设置于出口段17的内壁上，当分流板20安装于本体10的出口13位置时，能够抵靠在限位结构上限位，以此来限制分流板20的安装位置。
可选地，在本实施例中，限位结构可以为限位凸起或者限位凸环；当然，在其他实施例中，限位结构也可以设置为缩口结构或者扩口结构，在此不作限定。
进一步地，进口12处插设有进管121，进管121通过焊接固定于进口12处，进管121用于与外部器件连接，例如节流阀等。分流孔21位于内腔11外的孔口处设有出管211，出管211与翻边22通过焊接固定连接。如此设置，能够增加出管211的连接强度。
在其他实施例中，进管121也可套设于进口12处，且通过焊接的方式固定于进口12处；同样的，出管211可部分接插于分流孔21中，也可部分套设于翻边22外侧壁，这样不仅能够加强连接强度，还能够使得翻边22与不同管径的出管211连接。
在本实施例中，多根出管211与蒸发器的多根换热管连接，在其他实施例中，根据不同的连接对象，出管211还能与不同的器件连接，在此不作限定。
可选地，进管121与出管211可为不锈钢管也可为铜管，由于不锈钢管成本低，且与本体10的材质相同，能够降低焊接的难度；同样的，由于制冷系统的管路通常为铜管，进管121与出管211设置为铜管，能够方便焊接。本申请的分流器100可以根据不同的场景选择不锈钢材质或筒材质的进管121及出管211，在此不作限定。
本申请提供的一种分流器，通过将不锈钢板采用拉伸成型的加工工艺制作出本体10，使得制造成本得以降低，制造周期得以缩短，进而使得后续的使用和维护都更加方便。
本申请还提供一种制冷系统(图未示)，包括换热器(图未示)及上述分流器100，分流器100设于换热器的入口处。换热器可为蒸发器或冷凝器。本申请的制冷系统通过设置本申请提供的分流器100，能够提高蒸发器的换热效果，从而提高制冷系统的性能。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种分流器，其特征在于，包括本体，所述本体具有内腔，所述本体上开设有进口和出口，所述进口和所述出口分别位于所述本体的两端，所述进口和所述出口通过所述内腔相连通，所述本体由金属板拉伸成型。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的分流器，其特征在于，所述本体包括互相连接的进口段和锥形段，所述进口开设于所述进口段上，所述锥形段到所述本体轴线的垂直距离自所述进口朝向所述出口的方向逐渐增大；
    所述进口段和所述锥形段之间设有过渡段，所述过渡段位于所述进口段和所述锥形段连接位置，用于过渡所述本体内流体的流动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的分流器，其特征在于，所述过渡段沿轴向的截面为圆弧段，所述圆弧段的弧口朝向所述本体外侧，且所述圆弧段的半径R≥15mm。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的分流器，其特征在于，所述本体还包括出口段，所述出口段连接于所述锥形段远离所述进口段一端，所述出口开设于所述出口段上；
    所述进口段的壁厚为t 1，所述锥形段的壁厚为t 2，所述出口段的壁厚为t 3，t 1、t 2和t 3满足以下关系式：
    t 1＞t 3＞t 2。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的分流器，其特征在于，所述分流器还包括分流板，所述分流板安装于所述本体上的所述出口位置，所述分流板上开设有多个分流孔，所述分流孔通过所述内腔与所述进口相连通，所述分流板经冲压形成所述分流孔。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的分流器，其特征在于，所述分流板上冲压形成有扩张的翻边，所述分流孔形成于所述翻边所围设的空间内。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的分流器，其特征在于，所述翻边朝向远离所述进口的方向延伸设置。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的分流器，其特征在于，所述翻边的轴线和所述本体的轴线之间的夹角为α，且α满足以下关系式：
    α≤90°。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的分流器，其特征在于，所述本体上相对靠近所述出口的位置设有限位结构，且所述分流板能够抵靠在所述限位结构上。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的分流器，其特征在于，所述金属板为不锈钢板。
  11. 一种制冷系统，其特征在于，所述制冷系统包括换热器以及如权利要求1-10任一 项所述的分流器，所述分流器设于所述换热器的入口处。
  12. 一种如权利要求1-10中任意一项所述的本体的成型方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：
    将金属板毛坯从两边夹紧，拉伸至塑性区，然后在过半处包住凸模，卸下凹模，得到所述本体。
  13. 一种如权利要求5-9中任意一项所述的分流器的焊接方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：
    若所述本体和所述分流板为不锈钢材质，采用激光焊或氩弧焊将所述分流板焊接在所述本体内；
    若所述本体和所述分流板为铜材质，采用火焰焊或高频焊将所述分流板焊接在所述本体内。
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