WO2022224509A1 - ポリウレタンフォーム及びトナーシール部材 - Google Patents
ポリウレタンフォーム及びトナーシール部材 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022224509A1 WO2022224509A1 PCT/JP2022/001375 JP2022001375W WO2022224509A1 WO 2022224509 A1 WO2022224509 A1 WO 2022224509A1 JP 2022001375 W JP2022001375 W JP 2022001375W WO 2022224509 A1 WO2022224509 A1 WO 2022224509A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polyols
- mass
- polyurethane foam
- isocyanates
- parts
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 173
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 173
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical group CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 30
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 18
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 9
- -1 poly(ethylene glycol) Polymers 0.000 description 9
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC=C1CN=C=O FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L adipate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGHSXKTVMPXHNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC(N=C=O)=C1 VGHSXKTVMPXHNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDMDQYCEEKCBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatocyclohexane Chemical compound O=C=NC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 CDMDQYCEEKCBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-Naphthalene diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N=C=O)=CC=CC2=C1N=C=O SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFSYUSUFCBOHGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-2-[(4-isocyanatophenyl)methyl]benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1N=C=O LFSYUSUFCBOHGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICLCCFKUSALICQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-4-(4-isocyanato-3-methylphenyl)-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound C1=C(N=C=O)C(C)=CC(C=2C=C(C)C(N=C=O)=CC=2)=C1 ICLCCFKUSALICQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPSPIUSUWPLVKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dibutyl-6-methylphenol Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=C(C)C(O)=C1CCCC SPSPIUSUWPLVKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 1
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDONYZHVZVCMLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.CC1CCCCC1 Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.CC1CCCCC1 HDONYZHVZVCMLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QORUGOXNWQUALA-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O.C1=CC=C(C(C2=CC=CC=C2)C2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1 Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O.C1=CC=C(C(C2=CC=CC=C2)C2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1 QORUGOXNWQUALA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000538 Poly[(phenyl isocyanate)-co-formaldehyde] Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002323 Silicone foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KXBFLNPZHXDQLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [cyclohexyl(diisocyanato)methyl]cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C(N=C=O)(N=C=O)C1CCCCC1 KXBFLNPZHXDQLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012644 addition polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001334 alicyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002887 deanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate Chemical compound C1CC(N=C=O)CCC1CC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIQKWYUGPPFMBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisocyanatomethane Chemical compound O=C=NCN=C=O KIQKWYUGPPFMBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012972 dimethylethanolamine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002440 hydroxy compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBAUOPQYSQVYJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 3-[4-hydroxy-3,5-di(propan-2-yl)phenyl]propanoate Chemical compound OC1=C(C=C(C=C1C(C)C)CCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC)C(C)C MBAUOPQYSQVYJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013500 performance material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013514 silicone foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
- C08G18/4808—Mixtures of two or more polyetherdiols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/63—Block or graft polymers obtained by polymerising compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds on to polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K3/1006—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers characterised by the chemical nature of one of its constituents
- C09K3/1021—Polyurethanes or derivatives thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
- G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2101/00—Manufacture of cellular products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/06—Macromolecular organic compounds, e.g. prepolymers
- C09K2200/0645—Macromolecular organic compounds, e.g. prepolymers obtained otherwise than by reactions involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09K2200/065—Polyurethanes
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to polyurethane foams and toner seal members. This application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-70791 filed on April 20, 2021 and claims the benefit of priority thereof. is incorporated herein by reference.
- Patent Literature 1 describes the use of polyurethane foam as a sealing member for a storage container that stores toner.
- Patent Documents 2 to 4 also describe polyurethane foams having various properties.
- polyurethane foams are required to have various performances, and the requirements are becoming stricter.
- a polyurethane foam that has high resilience, does not easily lose its cushioning properties at low temperatures, and has low air permeability.
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide a polyurethane foam that has high resilience, does not easily lose cushioning properties at low temperatures, and has low air permeability.
- the present disclosure can be implemented as the following forms.
- a polyurethane foam obtained from a composition containing polyols and isocyanates A polyurethane foam that satisfies either condition (1) or condition (2) below and condition (3) below.
- the content of propylene oxide units is 75% by mass or more when the total amount of alkylene oxide units in the entire polyol is 100% by mass.
- the content of propylene oxide units in the entire polyether polyol contained in the polyols is 85% by mass or more when the total amount of alkylene oxide units is 100% by mass.
- m1i the weight average molecular weight of the i-th type (i is a natural number of 1 ⁇ i ⁇ n) of the n types of polyols (n is a natural number of 1 or more) contained in the polyols f1i: the polyols Of the n types (n is a natural number of 1 or more) of polyols contained in, the number of hydroxyl groups per molecule of the i-th type (i is a natural number of 1 ⁇ i ⁇ n) polyols x1i: in the polyols Of the n types of polyols contained (n is a natural number of 1 or more), the blending amount (parts by mass) of the i-th type (i is a natural number of 1 ⁇ i ⁇ n) polyols y1: total blending amount (parts by mass) of n types of polyols (n is a natural number of 1 or more) contained in the polyols
- x2i Amount (parts by mass) of the i-th type (i is a natural number of 1 ⁇ i ⁇ m) among the m types (m is a natural number of 1 or more) of the isocyanates contained in the isocyanates.
- y2 Amount (parts by mass) of all m kinds of isocyanates (m is a natural number of 1 or more) contained in the isocyanates
- FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a container using a toner seal member according to one embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a toner seal member
- FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the measuring method of an air permeability.
- 4 is a SEM photograph of a cross section of the polyurethane foam of Example 5.
- FIG. 4 is a SEM photograph of a cross section of the polyurethane foam of Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 4 is a SEM photograph of a cross section of the polyurethane foam of Comparative Example 2.
- a toner seal member comprising the above polyurethane foam.
- Polyurethane Foam Polyurethane foams are obtained from compositions comprising polyols and isocyanates. Polyurethane foam satisfies either condition (1) or condition (2) above and also satisfies condition (3) above.
- the alkylene oxide units are AO units
- the propylene oxide units are PO units
- the content of propylene oxide units is PO content
- the total amount of alkylene oxide units is 100% by mass.
- the EO content is sometimes referred to as the content of ethylene oxide units in mass %.
- Polyols are not particularly limited as long as they satisfy the above conditions.
- polyether polyol, polymer polyol and polyester polyol are preferably used in combination.
- polyether polyol it is preferable that a polyether polyol A containing only PO units as AO units and a polyether polyol B containing PO units and EO units as AO units are used together.
- the polyether polyol A is more preferably a polyether polyol having a weight average molecular weight of 1500 to 4500 (preferably 2000 to 4000) and 3 functional groups. Polyether polyol A has a PO content of 100%. By using polyether polyol A, the high resilience and low-temperature cushioning properties of the polyurethane foam can be improved.
- the content of polyether polyol A is not particularly limited. The content of the polyether polyol A is preferably 1 part by mass or more and 60 parts by mass or less, more preferably 5 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less, when the entire polyols are 100 parts by mass.
- Polyether polyol B is more preferably a polyether polyol having a weight average molecular weight of 1,500 to 4,500 (preferably 2,000 to 4,000) and two functional groups.
- the weight ratio of EO units to PO units (EO units:PO units) in polyether polyol B is preferably 1:99 to 40:60, more preferably 4:96 to 20:80, and still more preferably 6:94 to 15:85.
- Polyether polyol B also has the effect of making the cells of the polyurethane foam fine and uniform.
- the content of polyether polyol B is not particularly limited.
- the content of the polyether polyol B is preferably 10 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less, more preferably 15 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the entire polyols.
- the polymer polyol is more preferably a polymer polyol having a weight average molecular weight of 1,500 to 4,500 (preferably 2,000 to 4,000) and 2 or 3 functional groups.
- a polymer polyol obtained by graft-copolymerizing a vinyl monomer such as acrylonitrile and styrene in a polyether polyol having a functionality of 2 or 3 as a base polyol can be suitably used.
- the base polyol include polyether polyols containing PO units and EO units as AO units.
- the weight average molecular weight of a polymer polyol means the weight average molecular weight of a base polyol.
- the polymer content of the polymer polyol is preferably 10 to 40% by mass, more preferably 15 to 30% by mass. From the viewpoint of improving the strength of the polyurethane foam, it is preferable that the polymer content is large.
- the polymer polyol only one kind of polymer polyol may be contained, or two or more kinds of polymer polyols having different weight average molecular weight, polymer content, number of functional groups, etc. may be used in combination. By using a polymer polyol, the hardness of the polyurethane foam can be improved.
- the content of the polymer polyol is not particularly limited.
- the content of the polymer polyol is preferably 5 parts by mass or more and 60 parts by mass or less, more preferably 25 parts by mass or more and 45 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the entire polyols. If the content of the polymer polyol is 25 parts by mass or more, the air permeability of the polyurethane foam can be suitably reduced.
- the polyester polyol is more preferably a polyester polyol with 2 functional groups.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyester polyol is preferably in the range of 200-2500, more preferably in the range of 250-1500, more preferably in the range of 300-800.
- polyester polyols that can be used include polycaprolactone-based polyester polyols and adipate-based polyester polyols.
- polycaprolactone-based polyester polyols include polyester polyols obtained by ring-opening addition polymerization of lactones such as ⁇ -caprolactone.
- Examples of adipate-based polyester polyols include polyester polyols obtained by polycondensation of polyfunctional carboxylic acids and polyfunctional hydroxy compounds.
- the content of polyester polyol is not particularly limited.
- the content of the polyester polyol is preferably 1 part by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less, more preferably 5 parts by mass or more and 15 parts by mass or less, when the entire polyols are 100 parts by mass.
- polyols other polyols than the above polyols may be contained.
- polyols generally used for polyurethane foams can be used without particular limitation.
- low molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol) such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, etc.
- these polyhydric alcohols are also included in polyols.
- Isocyanates are compounds having a plurality of isocyanate groups, such as 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), 1,5-naphthalenediisocyanate (NDI), and triphenylmethane triisocyanate.
- MDI 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- TDI tolylene diisocyanate
- NDI 1,5-naphthalenediisocyanate
- triphenylmethane triisocyanate triphenylmethane triisocyanate
- Xylylene diisocyanate (XDI) and other aromatic isocyanates Xylylene diisocyanate (XDI) and other aromatic isocyanates, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and other alicyclic isocyanates, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and other aliphatic isocyanates, or these with polyols
- Modified isocyanates such as free isocyanate prepolymers by reaction and carbodiimide-modified isocyanates can be used. Moreover, these isocyanates may be contained alone, or may be contained in combination of two or more.
- the isocyanates may be any of aromatic, alicyclic, and aliphatic isocyanates, and bifunctional isocyanates having two isocyanate groups in one molecule, or Tri- or more functional isocyanates having three or more isocyanate groups may be used, and these may be used singly or in combination.
- bifunctional isocyanates include 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), m-phenylene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
- MDI 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- MDI 2,2'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- xylylene diisocyanate 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-biphenylene diisocyanate
- 3,3'- Aromatic compounds such as dimethoxy-4,4'-biphenylene diisocyanate, alicyclic compounds such as cyclohexane-1,4-diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate and methylcyclohexane diisocyanate
- Aliphatic compounds such as -1,4-diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isopropylene diisocyanate, methylene diisocyanate and lysine isocyanate can be mentioned.
- polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate (polymeric MDI) can be mentioned as an isocyanate having a functionality of 2 or more.
- Tri- or higher functional isocyanates include 1-methylbenzol-2,4,6-triisocyanate, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzol-2,4,6-triisocyanate, biphenyl-2,4,4′-triisocyanate, isocyanate, diphenylmethane-2,4,4'-triisocyanate, methyldiphenylmethane-4,6,4'-triisocyanate, 4,4'-dimethyldiphenylmethane-2,2',5,5'tetraisocyanate, triphenylmethane -4,4′,4′′-triisocyanate, and the like.
- the isocyanates are not limited to one type, and may be one or more types.
- one type of aliphatic isocyanate and an aromatic Two types of group-based isocyanates may be used in combination.
- the number of functional groups of isocyanates is preferably in the range of 2.0 to 2.8 from the viewpoint of hardness and resilience.
- the isocyanate index (INDEX) of isocyanates is preferably in the range of 90-110.
- the isocyanate index is the equivalent ratio of isocyanate groups of isocyanates to reactive groups such as hydroxyl groups that can react with isocyanates in polyols. Therefore, when the value is less than 100, it means that the reactive groups such as hydroxyl groups are in excess of the isocyanate groups, and when it exceeds 100, it means that the isocyanate groups are in excess of the reactive groups such as hydroxyl groups. . If the isocyanate index is less than 90, polyols may not sufficiently react with isocyanates. On the other hand, when the isocyanate index exceeds 110, there is a possibility that low resilience is exhibited.
- a foam stabilizer is used for smooth foaming of the composition, and the composition preferably contains a foam stabilizer.
- a foam stabilizer such as a silicone-based foam stabilizer, which is usually used when the mechanical froth method is employed can be used. Since such a foam stabilizer has a high viscosity, it is usually blended into the composition after being diluted with a solvent such as alkylbenzene.
- the content of the foam stabilizer in the composition is preferably 3 to 6 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of polyols. If this content is 3 parts by mass or more, it can contribute to improvement in cell uniformity and reduction in density of the polyurethane foam. Further, even if the content exceeds 6 parts by mass, no further dramatic improvement in foam stabilizing power can be expected.
- the mass ratio is preferably in the range of 25:75 to 75:25.
- the catalyst is mainly for promoting the urethanization reaction between polyols and isocyanates, and the composition preferably contains a catalyst.
- catalysts include known catalysts commonly used in polyurethane foams, such as triethylenediamine, dimethylethanolamine, tertiary amines such as N,N',N'-trimethylaminoethylpiperazine, stannous octoate, and octylic acid.
- Organic metal compounds such as tin (tin octoate), acetates, and alkali metal alcoholates can be used.
- the content of the catalyst in the composition is preferably 0.1 to 5.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of polyols. If this content is 0.1 parts by mass or more, the urethanization reaction can be sufficiently promoted. When the amount is 5.0 parts by mass or less, it is possible to suppress uneven formation of the cell structure due to excessive acceleration of the urethanization reaction.
- the composition may contain other components than those mentioned above, if necessary.
- Other ingredients include, for example, antioxidants, UV absorbers, thickeners, plasticizers, antimicrobial agents, and colorants.
- antioxidants include dibutylhydroxytoluene and hindered phenol-based antioxidants. From the viewpoint of reducing the content of volatile organic compounds, hindered phenol-based antioxidants with a molecular weight of 300 or more are used. It is particularly preferred to use Thickeners include, for example, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, and magnesium hydroxide.
- Condition (1) and Condition (2) Polyurethane foam satisfies either Condition (1) or Condition (2) below.
- the content of propylene oxide units in the entire polyol is 75% by mass or more when the total amount of alkylene oxide units is 100% by mass.
- the content of propylene oxide units is 85% by mass or more when the total amount of alkylene oxide units is 100% by mass.
- Conditions (1) and (2) serve as an index indicating that the PO content in the composition is equal to or higher than a predetermined amount. If the PO content in the composition is at least a predetermined amount, the air permeability of the polyurethane foam can be suitably reduced.
- the polyurethane foam may satisfy only condition (1) or only condition (2).
- the polyurethane foam preferably satisfies both conditions (1) and (2) from the viewpoint of reducing air permeability.
- the PO content in condition (1) may be 76% by mass or more, 78% by mass or more, or 80% by mass or more.
- the PO content under condition (1) is 100% by mass or less, and may be 95% by mass or less, 90% by mass or less, or 85% by mass or less.
- the polyols as a whole may further include polyols such as polyester polyols in addition to polyether polyols in condition (2) described later.
- the PO content in condition (2) may be 88% by mass or more, 89% by mass or more, or 90% by mass or more.
- the PO content in condition (2) is 100% by mass or less, and may be 97% by mass or less.
- the total polyether polyol includes polyether polyols such as polyether polyols A and B described above, polyether polyols as base polyols for polymer polyols, and polyether polyols used as cross-linking agents. can be
- condition (3) The polyurethane foam satisfies the following condition (3).
- a determined by the formula (a) represents the weight average molecular weight per hydroxyl group in the polyols.
- the polyols contain one kind of polyols, it can be obtained by dividing the weight average molecular weight of the polyols by the number of hydroxyl groups per molecule of the polyols.
- the value obtained by dividing the weight average molecular weight of each polyol by the number of hydroxyl groups per molecule of each polyol is added to the content of each polyol (% by mass). can be obtained by multiplying and summing them.
- B obtained by formula (b) represents the average number of functional groups of isocyanates.
- isocyanates contain one kind of isocyanates, it can be obtained as the number of functional groups.
- the number of functional groups of each isocyanate can be multiplied by the content (% by mass) of each isocyanate and added up.
- Multiplying A by B gives the weight average molecular weight of polyols per molecule of isocyanate.
- Condition (3) is an indicator that the weight-average molecular weight of polyols per molecule of isocyanate is at least a predetermined value. If the weight-average molecular weight of the polyol per 1 molecular part of the isocyanate is at least a predetermined value, the cushioning properties at low temperatures can be favorably maintained. For example, in Example 5, which will be described later, the value of A ⁇ B is obtained as 2866 from the formula of 1194 ⁇ 2.4.
- the value of A ⁇ B in condition (3) may be 2500 or more, 2600 or more, or 2700 or more.
- the value of A ⁇ B is usually 5000 or less, and may be 4500 or less, 4000 or less, or 3500 or less.
- the physical properties of the polyurethane foam can be appropriately set depending on the application.
- the polyurethane foam preferably has the following physical properties.
- the air permeability of the polyurethane foam is preferably 30 seconds or more, more preferably 50 seconds or more, and even more preferably 60 seconds or more, as measured by the following measurement method.
- the upper limit of air permeability of polyurethane foam is not particularly limited. If the air permeability exceeds 600 seconds, the measurement may be stopped and the air permeability may exceed 600 seconds.
- Measurement method A sheet-like polyurethane foam having a thickness of 3 mm is obtained. A sample having a double-faced tape 13 attached to one side thereof is punched into a circular ring having an inner diameter of 24 mm and an outer diameter of 30 mm. As shown in FIG. 3, the sample is compressed in the thickness direction so that the compressibility is 60%.
- Nitrogen gas is flowed into the chamber CB, which is connected to the space on the inner peripheral side of the sample, until the pressure rises to 19 kPa. After that, the time until the pressure inside the chamber CB is reduced to 18 kPa is measured. The measured time is defined as the air permeability (seconds) of the polyurethane foam.
- the glass transition point of the polyurethane foam is preferably ⁇ 20° C. or lower, preferably ⁇ 25° C. or lower, and more preferably ⁇ 35° C. or lower.
- the lower limit of the glass transition point of the polyurethane foam is not particularly limited, it is usually ⁇ 100° C. or higher.
- the glass transition point is defined as the temperature of the tan ⁇ peak value obtained when viscoelasticity is measured under the conditions of a frequency of 1 Hz and a temperature increase rate of 3° C./min.
- the hysteresis loss rate of the polyurethane foam is preferably 15% or less, more preferably 10% or less, and even more preferably 8% or less, as measured by the following method. Although the lower limit of the hysteresis loss rate is not particularly limited, it is usually 5% or more.
- Measurement method A circular sample with a thickness of 3 mm and a diameter of 50 mm is obtained from the polyurethane foam. The compressive stress when compressing the sample by 50% and the compressive stress when compressing from 50% to 0% are measured at a speed of 1 mm/min. A hysteresis loss rate (%) is obtained from the force-deflection curve obtained by the measurement.
- the apparent density (JIS K7222) of the polyurethane foam is preferably 100 kg/m 3 to 500 kg/m 3 , more preferably 200 kg/m 3 to 400 kg/m 3 and even more preferably 220 kg/m 3 to 350 kg/m 3 . If the apparent density is equal to or higher than the lower limit, leakage of toner from the cross section can be suitably suppressed when used as the toner seal member 10 described later.
- the average cell diameter of the polyurethane foam is preferably 50 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 50 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, even more preferably 50 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the toner seal member can have sufficient sealing properties.
- the average cell diameter of a polyurethane foam is calculated by dividing the sum of the cell diameters of the cells in contact with a straight line of 25 mm when the cross section of the polyurethane foam is observed with a scanning electron microscope at a magnification of 200 by the number of cells. be able to.
- Polyurethane foam can be produced by a general method for producing polyurethane foam that is used when a mechanical froth method is employed. For example, after the above composition is put into a mixing head, it is stirred and mixed while mixing an inert gas so that it becomes homogeneous. Then, the composition mixed in the mixing head is heated and cured on release paper or the like or in a predetermined mold to obtain a polyurethane foam.
- the toner storage container 20 includes a discharge portion 22 having a discharge port 22A for discharging the toner, and a cylindrical toner storage portion 21 configured to be rotatable with respect to the discharge portion 22. , is equipped with The toner seal member 10 has a ring shape and seals the joint between the discharge portion 22 and the toner storage portion 21 .
- the toner seal member 10 comprises the polyurethane foam described above.
- the toner seal member 10 has a foam layer 11 made of polyurethane foam and a coating layer 12 provided on one surface of the foam layer 11 .
- the coating layer 12 can be formed using a coating agent such as acrylic resin, urethane resin, or silicone resin.
- the thickness of the foam layer is not particularly limited.
- the thickness of the foam layer is preferably 0.5 mm to 6 mm, more preferably 1 mm to 3 mm, still more preferably 1 mm to 2 mm, from the viewpoint of sealing properties.
- the thickness of the coating layer 12 is not particularly limited.
- the thickness of the coating layer 12 is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of ensuring slidability.
- the surface of the toner seal member 10 on the foam layer 11 side is fixed to the discharge section 22 via an adhesive layer (not shown).
- the surface of the toner seal member 10 on the side of the coating layer 12 is in contact with the toner containing portion 21 in a state that allows the toner containing portion 21 to slide.
- the toner seal member 10 is compressed in the thickness direction between the discharge portion 22 and the toner storage portion 21 .
- the compressibility of the toner seal member 10 is preferably 10% to 80%, more preferably 30% to 50%, from the viewpoint of sealability and flexibility.
- the polyurethane foam described above may be used for the toner seal member 110 that slidably opens and closes the outlet 22A.
- the above polyurethane foam may be used for members other than the toner seal member. Examples of such members include cushioning materials for absorbing vibrations and shocks and sealing materials for dust prevention in electronic device parts such as mobile phones, cameras, and televisions.
- the toner seal member 10 is produced by applying a coating agent to one side of the polyurethane foam manufactured by the above method and curing it to obtain a sheet-like laminate. It can be obtained by punching a ring shape in the thickness direction. In the toner seal member 10 obtained in this manner, cross sections obtained by cutting the laminate appear on the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface.
- the toner seal member 10 that seals the seams of the container 20 that stores toner is required to have the ability to seal the toner on the inner peripheral surface and the sliding surface.
- the inner peripheral surface of the toner seal member 10 is a cross section obtained by cutting the polyurethane foam. Compared to the surface of the polyurethane foam, the cross section of the polyurethane foam tends to have open cells, and toner leakage is likely to occur compared to the configuration in which the toner is sealed in the thickness direction. Therefore, polyurethane foam is required to have low air permeability in order to suppress toner leakage. Further, the toner seal member 10 must not create a gap between itself and the toner containing portion 21 against vibration during transportation, and must maintain cushioning properties (follow-up properties) in a wide range of temperature environments, especially at low temperatures. is also required.
- the polyurethane foam of this embodiment does not easily lose its cushioning properties at low temperatures. Unlike the present embodiment, the toner seal member using a conventional polyurethane foam has a high glass transition point, so toner leakage may occur in a low-temperature drop test. On the other hand, the toner seal member 10 using the polyurethane foam of the present embodiment has a low glass transition point and can maintain cushioning properties even in a low temperature environment. For this reason, the toner seal member 10 follows the toner containing portion 21, and toner leakage in the low temperature drop test can be suppressed.
- the polyurethane foam of this embodiment has low air permeability. Unlike the present embodiment, conventional toner sealing members using polyurethane foam tend to cause toner leakage due to having a cell structure with high air permeability. On the other hand, the toner seal member 10 using the polyurethane foam of the present embodiment achieves low air permeability by changing the composition of the polyol, and toner leakage is less likely to occur.
- the polyurethane foam of this embodiment achieves high resilience by adjusting the composition of the composition. For this reason, the toner seal member 10 using the polyurethane foam of the present embodiment is less likely to form a gap between itself and the toner containing portion 21 , and less likely to cause toner leakage from between the toner containing portion 21 and the toner seal member 10 .
- polyurethane foam can be used for various purposes without being limited to the toner seal member 10.
- polyurethane foam is suitable as a cushioning material because of its high resilience.
- Polyurethane foam is less likely to lose its cushioning properties at low temperatures, so it is suitable as a cushioning material used for vehicle parts, for example, as a cushioning material arranged between cells of a vehicle battery.
- polyurethane foam has little change in properties such as hardness in a wide temperature range from low to high temperatures, and has dust resistance and high responsiveness, so it is a sealing cushion used in electronic devices and sensors. It is also suitable as a material. High responsiveness can be achieved by reducing the hysteresis loss rate, for example.
- the EO content and PO content are 0%.
- Other polyols dipropylene glycol having a molecular weight of 134, a functional group number of 2, and a hydroxyl value of 837 mgKOH/g.
- the EO content and PO content are 0%.
- Aluminum hydroxide (CW-325LV, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.)
- Foam stabilizer Silicone foam stabilizer (SZ-1952 manufactured by Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd.)
- Catalyst 1 iron catalyst (manufactured by Nippon Kagaku Sangyo Co., Ltd., FIN-P1)
- Catalyst 2 Nickel catalyst (LC-5615, manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials Japan)
- Antioxidant hindered phenolic antioxidant (manufactured by BASF Japan, IRGANOX 1135)
- Moisture absorbent zeolite (manufactured by Union Showa Co., Ltd., molecular sieve 3APOWDER)
- Isocyanate 1 polymeric MDI with a molecular weight of 320, functionality of 2.4, NCO% of 31.5%
- Isocyanate 2 Carbodiimide-modified MDI with a molecular weight of 292, functionality of 2, and NCO% of
- each component in Tables 1 and 2 represents parts by mass.
- the "F” column in Tables 1 and 2 indicates the number of hydroxyl groups for polyols and the number of isocyanate groups for isocyanates.
- the “Mw” column in Tables 1 and 2 indicates the weight average molecular weight.
- Polyether polyol 2" and “polyether polyol 5" in Tables 1 and 2 correspond to "polyether polyol A” described in the embodiments.
- Polyether polyol 1" in Tables 1 and 2 corresponds to "polyether polyol B" described in the embodiment.
- compositions of each example and each comparative example were prepared at the blend ratios shown in Tables 1 and 2 below to obtain compositions of each example and each comparative example.
- the composition was put into a mixing head and mixed by stirring while mixing an inert gas (nitrogen) in the range of 69 to 77% by volume. Thereafter, the mixed composition was supplied onto a continuously supplied film having a predetermined thickness and cured by heating at 120 to 200° C. to obtain a sheet-like polyurethane foam.
- Air permeability (seconds) was measured by the method described in the embodiment. The measurement results are shown in the "Permeability" column of Table 3, and evaluated according to the following criteria. “ ⁇ ”: Air permeability is 50 seconds or more “ ⁇ ”: Air permeability is 30 seconds or more and less than 50 seconds “ ⁇ ”: Air permeability is less than 30 seconds
- the glass transition point (°C) was measured by the method described in the embodiment. The measurement results are shown in the "glass transition point” column of Table 3, and evaluated according to the following criteria. " ⁇ ”: Glass transition point is -20 ° C or less " ⁇ ”: Glass transition point is higher than -20 ° C [Hysteresis loss rate] A hysteresis loss rate (%) was measured by the method described in the embodiment. The measurement results are shown in the column of "hysteresis loss rate” in Table 3, and evaluated according to the following criteria.
- Hysteresis loss rate is 15% or less “ ⁇ ”: Hysteresis loss rate is less than 15% [Density]
- the apparent density (kg/m 3 ) was measured according to JIS K7222. The measurement results are shown in the "Density” column of Table 3.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 3 do not satisfy the following requirements. Comparative Example 1 does not meet the requirement (b). Comparative Examples 2 and 3 do not satisfy the requirement (a).
- Examples 1-10 had higher overall evaluation than Comparative Examples 1-3.
- Examples 1 to 10 had high resilience, did not easily lose cushioning properties at low temperatures, and had low air permeability. Further, among Examples 1 to 10, Examples 3 to 10, which further satisfied the following requirement (c), had lower air permeability.
- polyols polymer polyols having a weight average molecular weight of 1500 to 4500 are contained in an amount of 25 to 45 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of all polyols.
- a polyurethane foam obtained from a composition containing polyols and isocyanates which satisfies the following condition (1-1).
- (1-1) The content of propylene oxide units in the entire polyol is 76% by mass or more when the total amount of alkylene oxide units is 100% by mass.
- a polyurethane foam obtained from a composition containing polyols and isocyanates which satisfies the following condition (2-1).
- the content of propylene oxide units in the entire polyether polyol contained in the polyols is 89% by mass or more when the total amount of alkylene oxide units is 100% by mass.
- polyurethane foam obtained from a composition containing polyols and isocyanates, wherein the air permeability determined by the above-described measuring method is 40 seconds or more.
- Toner seal member 11 Foam layer 12: Coating layer 13: Double-sided tape 20: Storage container 21: Toner storage part 22: Discharge part 22A: Discharge port 110: Toner seal member
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2021年4月20日に出願された日本国特許出願2021-70791号に基づくものであって、それらの優先権の利益を主張するものであり、それらの特許出願の全ての内容が、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
本開示は、高反発性を有し、低温下でクッション性が損なわれにくく、かつ通気性が低いポリウレタンフォームを提供することを目的とする。
本開示は、以下の形態として実現することが可能である。
下記条件(1)と条件(2)のいずれかを満たし、かつ、下記条件(3)を満たす、ポリウレタンフォーム。
(1)前記ポリオール類全体における、アルキレンオキサイド単位の全量を100質量%とした場合に、プロピレンオキサイド単位の含有率が75質量%以上である。
(2)前記ポリオール類に含まれるポリエーテルポリオール全体における、アルキレンオキサイド単位の全量を100質量%とした場合に、プロピレンオキサイド単位の含有率が85質量%以上である。
(3)下記式(a)で求められるA、及び下記式(b)で求められるBについて、
2400≦A×Bを充足する。
m1i:前記ポリオール類に含まれるn種類(nは1以上の自然数)のポリオール類のうち、i種類目(iは1≦i≦nの自然数)のポリオール類の重量平均分子量
f1i:前記ポリオール類に含まれるn種類(nは1以上の自然数)のポリオール類のうち、i種類目(iは1≦i≦nの自然数)のポリオール類の1分子当たりの水酸基の数
x1i:前記ポリオール類に含まれるn種類(nは1以上の自然数)のポリオール類のうち、i種類目(iは1≦i≦nの自然数)のポリオール類の配合量(質量部)
y1:前記ポリオール類に含まれるn種類(nは1以上の自然数)のポリオール類全体の配合量(質量部)
f2i:前記イソシアネート類に含まれるm種類(mは1以上の自然数)のイソシアネート類のうち、i種類目(iは1≦i≦mの自然数)のイソシアネート類の1分子当たりのイソシアネート基の数
x2i:前記イソシアネート類に含まれるm種類(mは1以上の自然数)のイソシアネート類のうち、i種類目(iは1≦i≦mの自然数)のイソシアネート類の配合量(質量部)
y2:前記イソシアネート類に含まれるm種類(mは1以上の自然数)のイソシアネート類全体の配合量(質量部)
重量平均分子量1500~4500のポリマーポリオールを、前記ポリオール類全体を100質量部として5質量部以上60質量部以下含む、ポリウレタンフォーム。
重量平均分子量300~800のポリエステルポリオールを、前記ポリオール類全体を100質量部として1質量部以上20質量部以下含む、ポリウレタンフォーム。
ポリウレタンフォームは、ポリオール類及びイソシアネート類を含む組成物から得られる。ポリウレタンフォームは、上記条件(1)と条件(2)のいずれかを満たし、かつ、上記条件(3)を満たす。
ポリオール類は、上記の条件を満たす限り、特に限定されない。ポリオール類は、ポリエーテルポリオールと、ポリマーポリオールと、ポリエステルポリオールとが併用されることが好ましい。
ポリエーテルポリオールAの含有量は特に限定されない。ポリエーテルポリオールAの含有量は、ポリオール類全体を100質量部とした場合に、1質量部以上60質量部以下が好ましく、5質量部以上40質量部以下がより好ましい。
ポリエーテルポリオールBの含有量は特に限定されない。ポリエーテルポリオールBの含有量は、ポリオール類全体を100質量部とした場合に、10質量部以上50質量部以下が好ましく、15質量部以上40質量部がより好ましい。
本開示において、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、1,3-ブタンジオール、1,4-ブタンジオール、グリセリン、トリメチロールプロパン、ペンタエリスリトール、ソルビトール等の低分子量の多価アルコールが用いられる場合には、これらの多価アルコールについてもポリオール類に含まれるものとする。
イソシアネート類(ポリイソシアネート)はイソシアネート基を複数有する化合物であり、例えば、4,4-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)、トリレンジイソシアネート(TDI)、1,5-ナフタレンジイソシアネート(NDI)、トリフェニルメタントリイソシアネート、キシリレンジイソシアネート(XDI)等の芳香族イソシアネート類、イソホロンジイソシアネート(IPDI)、ジシクロヘキシルメタンジイソシアネート等の脂環族イソシアネート類、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(HDI)等の脂肪族イソシアネート類、又はこれらとポリオールとの反応による遊離イソシアネートプレポリマー類、カルボジイミド変性イソシアネート類等の変性イソシアネート類を用いることができる。また、これらのイソシアネート類は、1種のみ含有されていてもよいし、2種以上が組み合わされて含有されていてもよい。
例えば、2官能のイソシアネートとしては、2,4-トリレンジイソシアネート(TDI)、2,6-トリレンジイソシアネート(TDI)、m-フェニレンジイソシネート、p-フェニレンジイソシアネート、4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)、2,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)、2,2’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)、キシリレンジイソシアネート、3,3’-ジメチル-4,4’-ビフェニレンジイソシアネート、3,3’-ジメトキシ-4,4’-ビフェニレンジイソシアネートなどの芳香族系のもの、シクロヘキサン-1,4-ジイソシアネート、イソホロンジイソシアネート、ジシクロヘキシルメタン-4,4’-ジイソシアネート、メチルシクロヘキサンジイソシアネートなどの脂環式のもの、ブタン-1,4-ジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、イソプロピレンジイソシアネート、メチレンジイソシアネート、リジンイソシアネートなどの脂肪族系のものを挙げることができる。また、2官能以上のイソシアネートとしては、ポリメチレンポリフェニルイソシアネート(ポリメリックMDI)を挙げることができる。3官能以上のイソシアネートとしては、1-メチルベンゾール-2,4,6-トリイソシアネート、1,3,5-トリメチルベンゾール-2,4,6-トリイソシアネート、ビフェニル-2,4,4’-トリイソシアネート、ジフェニルメタン-2,4,4’-トリイソシアネート、メチルジフェニルメタン-4,6,4’-トリイソシアネート、4,4’-ジメチルジフェニルメタン-2,2’,5,5’テトライソシアネート、トリフェニルメタン-4,4’,4"-トリイソシアネート、等を挙げることができる。また、イソシアネートは、それぞれ一種類に限られず一種類以上であってもよい。例えば、脂肪族系イソシアネートの一種類と芳香族系イソシアネートの二種類を併用してもよい。
また、イソシアネート類の官能基数は硬度及び反発性の観点から、2.0~2.8の範囲であることが好ましい。
整泡剤は組成物の発泡を円滑に行うために用いられるものであり、組成物は好ましくは整泡剤を含有する。整泡剤としては、メカニカルフロス法を採用した場合に通常使用される公知の整泡剤、例えば、シリコーン系整泡剤を用いることができる。こうした整泡剤は粘度が高いことから、通常、アルキルベンゼン等の溶剤により希釈した状態として組成物中に配合される。
触媒は主としてポリオール類とイソシアネート類とのウレタン化反応を促進するためのものであり、組成物は好ましくは触媒を含有する。触媒としては、ポリウレタンフォームに通常使用される公知の触媒、例えば、トリエチレンジアミン、ジメチルエタノールアミン、N,N´,N´-トリメチルアミノエチルピペラジン等の第3級アミン、スタナスオクトエート、オクチル酸スズ(スズオクトエート)等の有機金属化合物、酢酸塩、アルカリ金属アルコラートを用いることができる。
組成物は必要に応じて上記以外のその他の成分を含有してもよい。その他の成分としては、例えば、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、増粘剤、可塑剤、抗菌剤、及び着色剤が挙げられる。なお、酸化防止剤としては、例えば、ジブチルヒドロキシトルエン、及びヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤が挙げられるが、揮発性有機化合物含量の低減という観点から、分子量300以上のヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤を用いることが特に好ましい。増粘剤としては、例えば、炭酸カルシウム、水酸化アルミニウム、及び水酸化マグネシウムが挙げられる。
ポリウレタンフォームは、下記条件(1)と条件(2)のいずれかを満たす。
(1)ポリオール類全体として、アルキレンオキサイド単位の全量を100質量%とした場合に、プロピレンオキサイド単位の含有率が75質量%以上である。
(2)ポリオール類に含まれるポリエーテルポリオール全体として、アルキレンオキサイド単位の全量を100質量%とした場合に、プロピレンオキサイド単位の含有率が85質量%以上である。
ポリウレタンフォームは、下記条件(3)を満たす。
(3)上記式(a)で求められるA、及び上記式(b)で求められるBについて、2400≦A×Bを充足する。
ポリウレタンフォームの物性は、用途等に応じて適宜設定できる。ポリウレタンフォームは、以下の物性を備えることが好ましい。
[測定方法]
厚み3mmのシート状のポリウレタンフォームを得る。片面に両面テープ13を貼り付けたサンプルを内径24mm、外径30mmの円環状に打ち抜きサンプルを得る。図3に示すように、圧縮率が60%になるようにサンプルを厚み方向に圧縮する。サンプルの内周側の空間に連なるチャンバーCB内に、圧力が19kPaに上昇するまで窒素ガスを流入する。その後、チャンバーCB内の圧力が18kPaに減少するまでの時間を計測する。計測された時間を、ポリウレタンフォームの通気度(秒)とする。
本開示において、ガラス転移点は、周波数1Hz、温度上昇率3℃/minの条件で粘弾性を測定した際に得られるtanδのピーク値の温度を指すものと定義する。
[測定方法]
ポリウレタンフォームから、厚み3mm、直径50mmの円形のサンプルを得る。サンプルを1mm/分の速度で、50%圧縮したときの圧縮応力と、50%から0%まで圧縮したときの圧縮応力を測定する。測定によって得られる力-たわみ曲線からヒステリシスロス率(%)を求める。
ポリウレタンフォームの平均セル径は、ポリウレタンフォームの断面を走査型電子顕微鏡により倍率200倍で観察したときの、25mmの直線に接触するセルについて、セル径の累計をセルの個数で除して算出することができる。
ポリウレタンフォームは、メカニカルフロス法を採用した場合に用いられる一般的なポリウレタンフォームの製造方法により製造することができる。たとえば、上記組成物をミキシングヘッド内に投入した後、不活性ガスを混入しながら均質となるように攪拌して混合する。次いで、ミキシングヘッド内で混合された組成物を離型紙等の上や所定の成形型内で加熱硬化させることにより、ポリウレタンフォームを得ることができる。
図1に示すように、トナーを収容する収容容器20は、トナーを排出する排出口22Aを有する排出部22と、排出部22に対して回転可能に構成された円筒状のトナー収容部21と、を備えている。トナーシール部材10は、リング状をなし、排出部22とトナー収容部21との繋ぎ目をシールする。
フォーム層の厚みは特に限定されない。フォーム層の厚みは、シール性の観点から、好ましくは0.5mm~6mm、より好ましくは1mm~3mm、更に好ましくは1mm~2mmである。
コーティング層12の厚みは、特に限定されない。コーティング層12の厚みは、摺動性を確保する観点から、好ましくは0.5μm~30μmであることが好ましい。
さらに、上記のポリウレタンフォームは、トナーシール部材以外の部材に用いられてもよい。そのような部材としては、例えば、携帯電話、カメラ、テレビ等の電子機器部品における振動・衝撃緩衝用のクッション材、及び防塵用のシール材等が例示される。
トナーシール部材10は、上記の方法によって製造されたポリウレタンフォームの一方の面側にコーティング剤を塗布し、硬化することでシート状の積層体を得て、積層体を厚み方向にリング状に打ち抜いて得ることができる。このようにして得られたトナーシール部材10は、内周面と外周面に積層体を切断した断面が表れる。
近年、ポリウレタンフォームには種々の性能が要求され、その要求も厳しくなっている。例えば、トナーを収容する収容容器20の継ぎ目をシールするトナーシール部材10は、内周面と摺動面においてトナーを封止できる性能が要求されている。トナーシール部材10の内周面は、ポリウレタンフォームが切断されて表れた断面である。ポリウレタンフォームの断面は、ポリウレタンフォームの表面等に比してセルが開口した状態となり易く、厚み方向でトナーを封止する構成に比してトナー漏れを生じやすい。このため、ポリウレタンフォームには、トナー漏れを抑制するために、通気性が低いことが求められている。さらに、トナーシール部材10には、輸送時の振動に対してトナー収容部21との間に隙間が生じないこと、幅広い温度環境下、特に低温下でのクッション性(追従性)を維持することも求められている。
1.ポリウレタンフォームの製造
まず、各実施例及び各比較例のポリウレタンフォームに用いた組成物の原料成分を以下に示す。
ポリマーポリオール1:重量平均分子量3000、官能基数3、水酸基価42mgKOH/g、ポリマーコンテント22.9質量%、EO含有率0%、PO含有率100%のポリマーポリオール
ポリマーポリオール2:重量平均分子量3000、官能基数2、水酸基価28.6mgKOH/g、ポリマーコンテント20.0質量%、EO含有率10%、PO含有率90%のポリマーポリオール
ポリエーテルポリオール1:重量平均分子量3000、官能基数2、水酸基価37.4mgKOH/g、EO含有率10%、PO含有率90%のポリエーテルポリオール
ポリエーテルポリオール2:重量平均分子量3000、官能基数3、水酸基価56.1mgKOH/g、EO含有率0%、PO含有率100%のポリエーテルポリオール
ポリエーテルポリオール3:重量平均分子量3400、官能基数3、水酸基価50.3mgKOH/g、EO含有率80%、PO含有率20%のポリエーテルポリオール
ポリエーテルポリオール4:重量平均分子量2000、官能基数2、水酸基価56.1mgKOH/g、EO含有率0%、PO含有率100%のポリエーテルポリオール
ポリエーテルポリオール5:重量平均分子量3000、官能基数3、水酸基価56.1mgKOH/g、EO含有率0%、PO含有率100%のポリエーテルポリオール
ポリエステルポリオール:重量平均分子量529、官能基数2、水酸基価212mgKOH/gのポリカプロラクトンジオール。なお、EO含有率及びPO含有率は0%である。
その他のポリオール類:分子量134、官能基数2、水酸基価837mgKOH/gのジプロピレングリコール。なお、EO含有率及びPO含有率は0%である。
水酸化アルミニウム(住友化学社製、CW-325LV)
整泡剤:シリコーン整泡剤(東レ・ダウコーニング社製、SZ-1952)
触媒1:鉄触媒(日本化学産業社製、FIN-P1)
触媒2:ニッケル触媒(モメンティブ・パフォーマンス・マテリアルズ・ジャパン社製、LC-5615)
酸化防止剤:ヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤(BASFジャパン社製、IRGANOX 1135)
吸湿剤:ゼオライト(ユニオン昭和株式会社製、モレキュラーシーブ 3APOWDER)
イソシアネート1:分子量320、官能基数2.4、NCO% 31.5%のポリメリックMDI
イソシアネート2:分子量292、官能基数2、NCO% 30.88%のカルボジイミド変性MDI
なお、表1及び2中の各成分の数値は質量部を表す。表1及び2中の「F」の欄は、ポリオール類においては水酸基の数、イソシアネート類においてはイソシアネート基の数を示している。表1及び2中の「Mw」の欄は、重量平均分子量を示している。表1及び2中の「ポリエーテルポリオール2」、「ポリエーテルポリオール5」は、実施形態に記載の「ポリエーテルポリオールA」に相当する。表1及び2中の「ポリエーテルポリオール1」は、実施形態に記載の「ポリエーテルポリオールB」に相当する。
各実施例及び各比較例のシートの断面を、SEMを用いて観察した。実施例5、比較例1、比較例2のシートのSEM写真を図4~6に示す。
実施例のポリウレタンフォームの平均セル径は、50μm以上300μm以下であった。また、実施例5のポリウレタンフォームは、比較例1及び比較例2のポリウレタンフォームよりも、隣り合うセル同士に連通する開口が少なくかつ小さい様子が観察された。
次に、得られた各実施例及び各比較例のポリウレタンフォームについて、以下のような評価をした。
[全ポリオール中PO含有率]
ポリオール類全体として、アルキレンオキサイド単位の全量を100質量%とした場合のプロピレンオキサイド単位の含有率を算出した。その結果を、表3の「全ポリオール中PO含有率」の欄に示す。
[ポリエーテルポリオール中PO含有率]
ポリオール類に含まれるポリエーテルポリオール全体として、アルキレンオキサイド単位の全量を100質量%とした場合のプロピレンオキサイド単位の含有率を算出した。その結果を、表3の「ポリエーテルポリオール中PO含有率」の欄に示す。
実施形態に記載の方法で、通気度(秒)を測定した。測定結果を、表3の「通気度」の欄に示すとともに、以下の基準で評価した。
「〇」:通気度が50秒以上
「△」:通気度が30秒以上、50秒未満
「×」:通気度が30秒未満
本実施例では、9種類のポリオール類が用いられており、式(a)中「n=9」である。上記式(a)に基づいてAを算出した。その結果を、表3の「ポリオール中の1水酸基当たりの平均分子量:A」の欄に示す。
[イソシアネート1分子当たりのポリオール類の重量平均分子量:A×B]
本実施例では、2種類のイソシアネート類が用いられており、式(b)中「m=2」である。上記式(b)に基づいてBを算出した。比較例1において、Bは2である。比較例2,3及び実施例において、Bは2.4である。AとBを掛けて、A×Bの値を算出した。その結果を、表3の「イソシアネート1分子当たりの平均分子量」の欄に示す。
実施形態に記載の方法で、ガラス転移点(℃)を測定した。測定結果を、表3の「ガラス転移点」の欄に示すとともに、以下の基準で評価した。
「〇」:ガラス転移点が-20℃以下
「×」:ガラス転移点が-20℃より高い
[ヒステリシスロス率]
実施形態に記載の方法で、ヒステリシスロス率(%)を測定した。測定結果を、表3の「ヒステリシスロス率」の欄に示すとともに、以下の基準で評価した。
「〇」:ヒステリシスロス率が15%以下
「×」:ヒステリシスロス率が15%未満
[密度]
JIS K7222に準じて、見掛け密度(kg/m3)を測定した。測定結果を、表3の「密度」の欄に示す。
「A」:通気度の評価が〇であり、ガラス転移点の評価が〇であり、ヒステリシスロス率の評価が〇である。
「B」:通気度の評価が△であり、ガラス転移点の評価が〇であり、ヒステリシスロス率の評価が〇である。
「C」:通気度の評価、ガラス転移点の評価、ヒステリシスロス率の評価のいずれかが×ある。
表3中「全ポリオール中PO含有率」が75%以上である場合に、上記の条件(1)を満たす。表3中「ポリエーテルポリオール中PO含有率」が85%以上である場合に、上記の条件(2)を満たす。表3中「イソシアネート1分子当たりの平均分子量」が2400以上である場合に、上記の条件(3)を満たす。
実施例1~10は、下記要件(a)(b)を満たしている。
・要件(a):上記条件(1)と条件(2)のいずれかを満たす。
・要件(b):上記条件(3)を満たす。
比較例1は、要件(b)を満たしてない。
比較例2及び比較例3は、要件(a)を満たしてない。
また、実施例1~10のうち、更に下記要件(c)を満たしている実施例3~10は、通気性がより低かった。
・要件(c):ポリオール類として、重量平均分子量1500~4500のポリマーポリオールを、ポリオール類全体を100質量部として25質量部以上45質量部以下含む。
・ポリオール類及びイソシアネート類を含む組成物から得られるポリウレタンフォームであって、下記条件(1-1)を満たす、ポリウレタンフォーム。
(1-1)前記ポリオール類全体における、アルキレンオキサイド単位の全量を100質量%とした場合に、プロピレンオキサイド単位の含有量が76質量%以上である。
・ポリオール類及びイソシアネート類を含む組成物から得られるポリウレタンフォームであって、下記条件(2-1)を満たす、ポリウレタンフォーム。
(2-1)前記ポリオール類に含まれるポリエーテルポリオール全体における、アルキレンオキサイド単位の全量を100質量%とした場合に、プロピレンオキサイド単位の含有量が89質量%以上である。
・ポリオール類及びイソシアネート類を含む組成物から得られるポリウレタンフォームであって、下記条件(3-1)を満たす、ポリウレタンフォーム。
(3-1)上記式(a)で求められるA、及び上記式(b)で求められるBについて、
2600≦A×Bを充足する。
・ポリオール類及びイソシアネート類を含む組成物から得られるポリウレタンフォームであって、上記の測定方法によって求められる通気度が40秒以上である、ポリウレタンフォーム。
・ポリオール類及びイソシアネート類を含む組成物から得られるポリウレタンフォームであって、上記の測定方法によって求められるガラス転移点が-20℃以下である、ポリウレタンフォーム。
・ポリオール類及びイソシアネート類を含む組成物から得られるポリウレタンフォームであって、上記の測定方法によって求められるヒステリシスロス率が15%以下である、ポリウレタンフォーム。
以上の実施例によれば、高反発性を有し、低温下でクッション性が損なわれにくく、かつ通気性が低いポリウレタンフォームを提供できる。
11: フォーム層
12: コーティング層
13: 両面テープ
20: 収容容器
21: トナー収容部
22: 排出部
22A: 排出口
110: トナーシール部材
Claims (4)
- ポリオール類及びイソシアネート類を含む組成物から得られるポリウレタンフォームであって、
下記条件(1)と条件(2)のいずれかを満たし、かつ、下記条件(3)を満たす、ポリウレタンフォーム。
(1)前記ポリオール類全体における、アルキレンオキサイド単位の全量を100質量%とした場合に、プロピレンオキサイド単位の含有率が75質量%以上である。
(2)前記ポリオール類に含まれるポリエーテルポリオール全体における、アルキレンオキサイド単位の全量を100質量%とした場合に、プロピレンオキサイド単位の含有率が85質量%以上である。
(3)下記式(a)で求められるA、及び下記式(b)で求められるBについて、
2400≦A×Bを充足する。
m1i:前記ポリオール類に含まれるn種類(nは1以上の自然数)のポリオール類のうち、i種類目(iは1≦i≦nの自然数)のポリオール類の重量平均分子量
f1i:前記ポリオール類に含まれるn種類(nは1以上の自然数)のポリオール類のうち、i種類目(iは1≦i≦nの自然数)のポリオール類の1分子当たりの水酸基の数
x1i:前記ポリオール類に含まれるn種類(nは1以上の自然数)のポリオール類のうち、i種類目(iは1≦i≦nの自然数)のポリオール類の配合量(質量部)
y1:前記ポリオール類に含まれるn種類(nは1以上の自然数)のポリオール類全体の配合量(質量部)
f2i:前記イソシアネート類に含まれるm種類(mは1以上の自然数)のイソシアネート類のうち、i種類目(iは1≦i≦mの自然数)のイソシアネート類の1分子当たりのイソシアネート基の数
x2i:前記イソシアネート類に含まれるm種類(mは1以上の自然数)のイソシアネート類のうち、i種類目(iは1≦i≦mの自然数)のイソシアネート類の配合量(質量部)
y2:前記イソシアネート類に含まれるm種類(mは1以上の自然数)のイソシアネート類全体の配合量(質量部) - 前記ポリオール類として、
重量平均分子量1500~4500のポリマーポリオールを、前記ポリオール類全体を100質量部として5質量部以上60質量部以下含む、請求項1に記載のポリウレタンフォーム。 - 前記ポリオール類として、
重量平均分子量300~800のポリエステルポリオールを、前記ポリオール類全体を100質量部として1質量部以上20質量部以下含む、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のポリウレタンフォーム。 - 請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載のポリウレタンフォームを備えた、トナーシール部材。
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