WO2022220513A1 - 이축연신 필름, 적층체, 및 상기 필름을 포함하는 친환경 포장재 - Google Patents
이축연신 필름, 적층체, 및 상기 필름을 포함하는 친환경 포장재 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022220513A1 WO2022220513A1 PCT/KR2022/005195 KR2022005195W WO2022220513A1 WO 2022220513 A1 WO2022220513 A1 WO 2022220513A1 KR 2022005195 W KR2022005195 W KR 2022005195W WO 2022220513 A1 WO2022220513 A1 WO 2022220513A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- pha
- polyhydroxyalkanoate
- laminate
- biaxially oriented
- Prior art date
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Images
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- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
- B32B2307/737—Dimensions, e.g. volume or area
- B32B2307/7375—Linear, e.g. length, distance or width
- B32B2307/7376—Thickness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2467/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2467/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a biaxially oriented film, a laminate, and an eco-friendly packaging material comprising the film.
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- PE polyethylene
- PP polypropylene
- PLA polylactic acid
- the polylactic acid film lacks flexibility and makes a lot of noise, so its use for packaging is limited.
- Korean Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-0106882 discloses a film using a mixture of polylactic acid and polybutyleneadipate terephthalate (PBAT).
- PBAT polybutyleneadipate terephthalate
- Patent Document 1 Korean Patent Publication No. 2014-0106882
- the present invention is devised to solve the problems of the prior art described above.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a biaxially oriented film having excellent strength and flexibility, excellent transparency due to compatibility between resins, and improved noise and thermal properties.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a laminate having excellent strength and flexibility, improved noise level and thermal properties, good interlayer compatibility of the first layer and the second layer, and excellent interlayer adhesion properties.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a laminate that can implement the above characteristics while having excellent processability and productivity in an economical and efficient way.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a biodegradable, eco-friendly, high-quality eco-friendly packaging material by using a biaxially oriented film or a laminate having the above characteristics.
- the present invention relates to a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) comprising polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), based on the total weight of the biaxially oriented film, in an amount of greater than 0% to less than 30% by weight of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA). ), and when the thickness of the film is 19 to 21 ⁇ m, the flexible noise composite index (LSN) represented by the following formula 1-1 is 20 or less, to provide a biaxially oriented film:
- the N AVG is a biaxially oriented film specimen with a width of 21 cm and a length of 29.5 cm at a height of 1.2 to 1.5 m from the ground by pointing the class 2 sound level meter specified in KS C IEC 61672-1 in the direction of the noise source, 120 times/min for 1 minute. It is a value excluding units from the average noise level (dB) calculated by measuring the maximum noise level when shaking at a speed of 5 times each,
- the LS is based on ASTM D747, a loop-shaped biaxially oriented film specimen having a width of 1.5 cm and a length of 18 cm is fixed to a loop measurement device (Loop Stiffness Tester) and the load at the center of the loop is measured in the loop stiffness (gf), It is a number excluding units.
- the present invention provides a first layer comprising a first polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA); and a second layer disposed on one surface of the first layer and comprising a second polylactic acid (PLA), wherein the first layer is more than 0% by weight based on the total weight of the first layer. and less than 30% by weight polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- PLA polylactic acid
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the present invention provides a step of preparing a first resin including a first polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and a second resin including a second polylactic acid (PLA) (Step 1) ; melting and co-extruding the first resin and the second resin to obtain a two-layer laminated sheet (step 2); and biaxially stretching and heat setting the laminated sheet to obtain a laminate (step 3), wherein the laminate is a first polylactic acid (PLA) and a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) containing a First floor; and a second layer disposed on one surface of the first layer and comprising a second polylactic acid (PLA), wherein the first layer is more than 0% by weight based on the total weight of the first layer.
- a method of making a laminate comprising less than 30% by weight of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is provided.
- the present invention provides an eco-friendly packaging material comprising the biaxially oriented film or laminate.
- the biaxially oriented film according to the present invention contains polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), contains PHA in a specific content range, and the flexible noise composite index (LSN) of the film satisfies a specific range
- the laminate according to the present invention has excellent strength and flexibility, low noise level, and improved optical and thermal properties, as well as improving the first and second layers.
- the interlayer compatibility of the layer and the second layer is good, and excellent interlayer adhesion properties can be maintained.
- the manufacturing method of the laminate according to the present invention is an economical and efficient method, and can further improve processability and productivity.
- the biaxially oriented film and the laminate are biodegradable and completely decomposed when buried to have environmentally friendly properties, they can be used in various fields as packaging materials to provide high-quality packaging materials.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a laminate according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a laminate according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 schematically shows a method for manufacturing a laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- first layer second layer, or first, second, etc. are used to describe various components, and the components are not limited by the terms. The above terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.
- a component described as being formed above or below another component means that a component is formed directly above or below another component or indirectly through another component.
- polyhydroxyalkanoate comprising polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), based on the total weight of the biaxially oriented film.
- PHA polylactic acid
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- LSN flexible noise composite index
- the N AVG is a biaxially oriented film specimen with a width of 21 cm and a length of 29.5 cm at a height of 1.2 to 1.5 m from the ground by pointing the class 2 sound level meter specified in KS C IEC 61672-1 in the direction of the noise source, 120 times/min for 1 minute. It is a value excluding units from the average noise level (dB) calculated by measuring the maximum noise level when shaking at a speed of 5 times each,
- the LS is based on ASTM D747, a loop-shaped biaxially oriented film specimen having a width of 1.5 cm and a length of 18 cm is fixed to a loop measurement device (Loop Stiffness Tester) and the load at the center of the loop is measured in the loop stiffness (gf), It is a number excluding units.
- polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) flexibility can be improved and noise level can be lowered, and in particular, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is added to the total weight of the biaxially oriented film.
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the film is provided as a biaxially oriented film that is stretched in both directions.
- the biaxially oriented film according to an exemplary embodiment includes polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- PLA polylactic acid
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- polylactic acid is based on biomass unlike petroleum-based resins, it is possible to utilize renewable resources, and the production of polylactic acid (PLA) produces less carbon dioxide, the main culprit of global warming, compared to conventional resins. , it is eco-friendly as it is biodegraded by moisture and microorganisms during landfill.
- the polylactic acid (PLA) may have a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 100,000 to 1,000,000 g/mol, such as 100,000 to 800,000 g/mol, 100,000 to 500,000 g/mol, or 100,000 to 300,000 g/mol.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) may be measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the polylactic acid (PLA) may include L-lactic acid, D-lactic acid, D, L-lactic acid, or a combination thereof.
- the polylactic acid (PLA) may be a random copolymer of L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid.
- the content of L-lactic acid may be 80 wt% to 99 wt%, 83 wt% to 99 wt%, or 85 wt% to 99 wt% based on the total weight of polylactic acid.
- the polylactic acid (PLA) may have a melting temperature (Tm) of 100°C to 250°C, 110°C to 220°C, or 120°C to 200°C.
- the polylactic acid (PLA) may have a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 30°C to 80°C, 40°C to 80°C, 40°C to 70°C, or 45°C to 65°C.
- the polylactic acid (PLA) is more than 70 wt%, 75 wt% or more, 80 wt% or more, 85 wt% or more, 88 wt% or more, 90 wt% or more, 93 wt% or more, based on the total weight of the biaxially oriented film. , or 95% by weight or more.
- the polylactic acid (PLA) may be less than 100 wt%, 99 wt% or less, 98 wt% or less, 97 wt% or less, or 95 wt% or less based on the total weight of the biaxially oriented film.
- the polylactic acid (PLA) is more than 70 wt% to less than 100 wt%, more than 70 wt% to 99 wt%, 75 wt% or more to 99 wt% or less, 75 wt% based on the total weight of the biaxially oriented film At least 75 wt% and up to 98 wt%, at least 75 wt% and up to 97 wt%, at least 80 wt% and up to 97 wt%, at least 85 wt% and up to 97 wt%, at least 90 wt% and up to 97 wt%, 95 It may be included in an amount of greater than or equal to 100% by weight, greater than or equal to 95% by weight to less than or equal to 97% by weight, or greater than or equal to 90% to less than or equal to 95% by weight.
- the content of the polylactic acid (PLA) is too small, tensile strength may decrease, thermal contraction rate may increase, and optical properties such as transparency and light transmittance may be deteriorated.
- the content of the polylactic acid (PLA) is too large, brittleness may increase, flexibility may be lowered, and thus, it may be easily broken or broken, and there may be problems with severe noise.
- the polylactic acid (PLA) is brittle and has a characteristic that the film becomes hard when the operating temperature range is 20 ° C. or less. In the case of abnormality, the film tends to lose elasticity and become brittle, and its use is limited due to severe noise.
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- PLA polylactic acid
- the content of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) included in the biaxially oriented film to achieve excellent strength, flexibility, improved optical properties, thermal properties, and improved noise level It is important.
- the biaxially oriented film according to the embodiment may include more than 0 wt% to less than 30 wt% of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) based on the total weight of the biaxially oriented film.
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the biaxially oriented film contains the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), based on the total weight of the biaxially oriented film, from more than 0 wt% to less than 30 wt%, from 1 wt% to less than 30 wt%, 1 % or more and 25% or less, 2% or more to 25% or less, 3% or more to 25% or less, 3% or more to 20% or less, 3% or more to 15% or less, 3 It may be included in an amount of greater than or equal to 10% by weight, greater than 0 to 5% by weight, 3% to 5% by weight, or 5% to 10% by weight.
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the mixing weight ratio of the polylactic acid (PLA) and the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is greater than 70 to less than 100: greater than 0 to less than 30, such as 80 to 97: 3 to 20, such as 80 to 95:5 to 20, such as 90 to 97:3 to 10, such as 90 to 95:5 to 10, or such as 95 to 97:3 to 5.
- the mixing weight ratio of the polylactic acid (PLA) and the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) satisfies the above range, flexibility can be improved while having adequate strength, optical and thermal properties are improved, and noise level is also improved. can lower
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may be copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate may be polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) having a controlled degree of crystallinity (crystallinity).
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate includes a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate containing at least one unit of Formula 1 and at least one unit of Formula 2, respectively, with controlled crystallinity. It may be a hydroxyalkanoate (PHA):
- R 1 is a substituted C 1 -C 8 alkylene
- n is an integer greater than or equal to 1
- R 2 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 alkylene
- n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
- substituted may include a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, specifically a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 alkyl group, unless otherwise specified.
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may be a polyester including only the unit of Formula 1 and the unit of Formula 2 as polymerized units, and includes the unit of Formula 1 and the unit of Formula 2 as polymerized units. and may further include other polymerization units other than the above. Also, the units of Formula 2 may be randomly repeated.
- R 1 may be, for example, substituted C 2 -C 8 alkylene, substituted C 3 -C 8 alkylene, or substituted C 3 -C 6 alkylene.
- m may be 1 to 12,000.
- R 2 is, for example, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 8 alkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 8 alkylene, or substituted or unsubstituted C 4 -C 8 alkylene. may be alkylene.
- R 2 may include unsubstituted alkylene.
- n may be 1 to 12,000.
- the substituents may include C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or C 1 -C 4 alkyl, respectively.
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may include at least one unit of Formula 1-1 below and at least one unit of Formula 2-1 below, respectively.
- R 3 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl
- n is an integer greater than or equal to 1
- n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
- R 3 may be methyl, and m may be 1 to 12,000.
- n may be 1 to 12,000.
- the crystallinity-controlled polyhydroxyalkanoate may be one in which crystallinity and amorphous properties are controlled by increasing irregularity in molecular structure, and specifically, the type of monomer, the ratio of the monomer or the type of isomer and / or the content may be adjusted.
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) comprising the unit of Formula 1 and the unit of Formula 2, and the unit content of Formula 2 is Based on the total weight of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate, it may be 1 wt% or more, 3 wt% or more, 5 wt% or more, 10 wt% or more, and may be 60 wt% or less, 55 wt% or less, 50 wt% or less have.
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) including the unit of Formula 1 and the unit of Formula 2, and the unit content of Formula 2 is 1 to 60 weight %, 5-50 wt%, 10-60 wt%, 10-50 wt%, 15-60 wt%, 15-50 wt%, 20-60 wt%, 20-50 wt%, 25-60 wt%, 25 to 50% by weight, 30 to 60% by weight, 30 to 50% by weight, 35 to 60% by weight, 35 to 50% by weight, 40 to 60% by weight, 40 to 50% by weight, 45 to 60% by weight, 45 to 50% by weight, or 46 to 50% by weight.
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may include isomers.
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may include structural isomers, enantiomers, or geometric isomers.
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may include structural isomers.
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate may be amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is an amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)
- a crystalline polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is used as the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) includes a unit of Formula 1 and a unit of Formula 2 is a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), and may include 15 to 60% by weight of the unit of Formula 2 based on the total weight of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- the amorphous property may increase as the content of the unit of Formula 2 in the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) increases, in the biaxially oriented film according to the embodiment, the amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)
- the content of the unit of formula (2) in the above may be important.
- the amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may contain 15 to 60% by weight, 15 to 50% by weight, 20 to 60% by weight of the unit of Formula 2 based on the total weight of the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA). wt%, 20-50 wt%, 25-60 wt%, 25-50 wt%, 30-60 wt%, 30-50 wt%, 35-60 wt%, 35-50 wt%, 40-60 wt% , 40 to 50% by weight, 45 to 60% by weight, 45 to 50% by weight, or 46 to 50% by weight.
- the biaxially oriented film according to the embodiment includes the unit of Formula 2 in the above range, so that when polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is mixed with polylactic acid (PLA) and used, there is compatibility between resins, so that optical There is an advantage that the optical properties of the film can be further improved due to excellent properties. If, in the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), the unit of Formula 2 is less than 15% by weight, compatibility between the resins may deteriorate, thereby reducing transparency and light transmittance.
- the amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate is a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate comprising a 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB) unit and a 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) unit.
- PHA 3-hydroxybutyrate
- 4-HB 4-hydroxybutyrate
- PHA may include 15 to 60% by weight of the 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) unit based on the total weight of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- the content of the 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) unit in the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) increases, the amorphousness increases.
- the content of 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) units in canoate (PHA) can be important.
- the 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) unit is, for example, 20 to 60 wt%, such as 25 to 60 wt%, such as 25 to 50 wt%, based on the total weight of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- % such as 30 to 60% by weight, such as 30 to 50% by weight, such as 35 to 60% by weight, such as 35 to 50% by weight, such as 40 to 60% by weight, such as 40 to 50% by weight, such as 45 to 60% by weight , such as 45 to 50% by weight, such as 46 to 60% by weight, or such as 46 to 50% by weight.
- the biaxially oriented film according to the embodiment includes 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) units in the above range, so that when used by mixing polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) with the polylactic acid (PLA), the resin There is compatibility between the two, there is an advantage that can further improve the optical properties of the film. If the amount of the 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) unit is less than 15% by weight, compatibility between resins may deteriorate and optical properties may be deteriorated.
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may be a polyester comprising only 3-hydroxybutyrate units (3-HB) and 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) units as polymerized units (ie, polymerized units). is composed of only 3-hydroxybutyrate units (3-HB) and 4-hydroxybutyrate units (4-HB), or 3-hydroxybutyrate units (3-HB) and 4-hydroxy units as polymerized units It may include a butyrate (4-HB) unit, and further include other polymerized units other than the above. In addition, the 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) unit may be randomly repeated.
- Examples of the other polymerized units include lactate (LA), glycolate (GA), 3-hydroxypropionate (3HP), 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV), 5-hydroxyvalerate (5HV), 5-hydroxyhexanoate (5HH), 6-hydroxyhexanoate (6HH), or 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HH), or hydroxyalkanoate having 7 or more carbon atoms;
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 100,000 g/mol to 1,000,000 g/mol, 100,000 g/mol to 900,000 g/mol, 120,000 g/mol to 850,000 g/mol, or 150,000 g/mol to 800,000 g/mol.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) may be measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may have a glass transition temperature (Tg) of -5°C to -50°C, -15°C to -40°C, and -20°C to -40°C.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the biaxially oriented film may further include a filler.
- the filler may include an organic filler, an inorganic filler, or a mixture thereof.
- the organic filler may include an organic filler including a material selected from hard acrylate, polystyrene, nylon, and soft acrylate.
- the inorganic filler may be at least one selected from the group consisting of barium sulfate, silica and calcium carbonate.
- the filler may be an inorganic filler, and may include, for example, silica.
- the biaxially oriented film may improve workability due to excellent slip properties, and may provide excellent quality.
- the particle diameter of the filler may be 0.1 ⁇ m to 6.0 ⁇ m.
- the filler may have a particle diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m to 5.5 ⁇ m or 2.0 ⁇ m to 5.2 ⁇ m.
- the biaxially oriented film may include the filler in an amount of 0.01 to 3% by weight based on the total weight of the biaxially oriented film.
- the biaxially oriented film includes the filler in an amount of 0.05 to 2.5% by weight, 0.1 to 2% by weight, 0.2 to 1.7% by weight, or 0.5 to 1.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the biaxially oriented film. can do.
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN) expressed by Equation 1-1 may be 20 or less:
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN) expressed by Equation 1-1 is expressed as the product of the average noise level and the loop stiffness of the biaxially oriented film, which is an index indicating the degree of composite characteristics of the flexibility and noise level of the biaxially oriented film. Therefore, the flexible noise composite index (LSN) may be a measure indicating the quality of the packaging material including the biaxially oriented film.
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN) may be lower as the average noise level (N AVG ) of the biaxially oriented film is lower, and may be higher as the noise level (N AVG ) is higher.
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN) may be lower as the loop stiffness (LS) is lower, and may be higher as the loop stiffness (LS) is higher.
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN) of the biaxially oriented film may be, for example, 20 or less, 19 or less, 18 or less, 17 or less, 16 or less, or 15 or less. If the flexible noise composite index (LSN) of the biaxially oriented film exceeds 20, flexibility may decrease, brittleness may increase, and noise may increase. have.
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN) of the biaxially oriented film may be the same or different depending on the longitudinal direction (MD) and the transverse direction (TD) of the biaxially oriented film.
- the longitudinal direction (MD) of the biaxially oriented film may represent a longitudinal direction or a machine direction
- the transverse direction (TD) of the biaxially oriented film may represent a width direction as a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (MD).
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN MD ) in the longitudinal direction (MD) of the biaxially oriented film may be, for example, 5 to 20, 5 to 19, 5 to 18, 10 to 18, 14 to 18, or 15 to 18 days. have.
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN TD ) in the transverse direction (TD) of the biaxially oriented film may be, for example, 5 to 20, 5 to 19, 8 to 19, 10 to 19, 12 to 19, or 13 to 19.
- the biaxially oriented film may satisfy only the LSN MD , or only the LSN TD , or both the LSN MD and the LSN TD .
- the biaxially oriented film according to the embodiment can improve flexibility while maintaining appropriate tensile strength, and can lower noise, so it is more advantageous for realizing the desired effect, thereby providing an eco-friendly packaging material with excellent quality have.
- the average noise level (N AVG ) of the biaxially oriented film is 1.2 by using a sound level meter of class 2 or higher specified in KS C IEC61672-1, directed in the direction of the noise source, At a point of height of 1.5 m, the noise level generated by shaking one sheet of the biaxially oriented film at a constant speed for 1 minute is measured and the maximum noise level is recorded, and this is repeated 5 times to obtain the average value of the maximum noise level for each time, and the average noise level was defined as
- the noise level can be measured at a height of 1.2 to 1.5 m above the ground, and when there is an obstacle exceeding 1.5 m in height at the measurement point, it can be measured at a point about 1.0 to 3.5 m away from the obstacle in the direction of the noise source.
- controlling the average noise level (N AVG ) below a specific range may be good in terms of providing a high-quality packaging material.
- the average noise level (N AVG ) of the biaxially oriented film may be, for example, 86 dB or less, for example, 85 dB or less, for example, 84 dB or less, for example, 83 dB or less, or, for example, 82.5 dB or less.
- the average noise level (N AVG ) of the biaxially oriented film is 86 dB or less, it is advantageous to control the flexible noise composite index (LSN) of Equation 1-1 to 20 or less, and it is possible to provide a quality packaging material by improving noise. have.
- the loop stiffness (LS) of the biaxially oriented film is measured by measuring a loop-shaped biaxially oriented film specimen having a width of 1.5 cm and a length of 18 cm in accordance with ASTM D747 with a loop measuring device (Loop Stiffness Tester, TOYOSEIKI) to measure the load at the center of the loop, and is an index indicating the degree of flexibility of the biaxially oriented film.
- LS loop stiffness
- the loop stiffness (LS) of the biaxially oriented film may be 0.23 gf or less, 0.22 gf or less, 0.21 gf or less, or 0.20 gf or less.
- the loop stiffness (LS) of the biaxially oriented film is, for example, 0.10 to 0.23 gf, for example 0.10 to 0.22 gf. for example 0.10 to 0.21 gf, or for example 0.10 to 0.20 gf.
- loop stiffness (LS) of the biaxially oriented film decreases, flexibility may increase, and as the loop stiffness (LS) of the biaxially oriented film increases, the flexibility may decrease.
- the loop stiffness (LS) of the biaxially oriented film may be the same or different depending on the longitudinal direction (MD) and the transverse direction (TD) of the biaxially oriented film.
- the loop stiffness (LS MD ) in the longitudinal direction (MD) of the biaxially oriented film is, for example, 0.10 to 0.23 gf, such as 0.10 to 0.22 gf, such as 0.12 to 0.22 gf, such as 0.12 to 0.21 gf, such as 0.15 to 0.21 gf.
- LS MD loop stiffness in the longitudinal direction (MD) of the biaxially oriented film
- the loop stiffness (LS TD ) in the transverse direction (TD) of the biaxially oriented film may be, for example, 0.10 to 0.23 gf, such as 0.10 to 0.22 gf, such as 0.12 to 0.22 gf, or, for example, 0.14 to 0.22 gf.
- the biaxially oriented film may satisfy only LS MD , only LS TD , or both LS MD and LS TD .
- the biaxially oriented film according to the embodiment is more effective in controlling the flexible noise composite index (LSN) expressed by Equation 1-1 within the above range, it is more advantageous in realizing the desired effect, and thus has excellent quality. Eco-friendly packaging can be provided.
- the biaxially oriented film may have a thermal contraction rate (S 100 ) of 15% or less, which is expressed by the following formula 1-2:
- L 25 is the initial length (mm) of the biaxially oriented film specimen at 25 ° C
- L 100 is the length (mm) of the biaxially oriented film specimen measured immediately after staying in a hot air machine at 100° C. for 5 minutes.
- the heat shrinkage rate (S 100 ) represented by Equation 1-2 is a value obtained by converting the degree of heat shrinkage of the biaxially oriented film specimen into a percentage at a hot air temperature of 100° C., and the biaxially oriented film specimen for the initial length of the biaxially oriented film specimen. It is a value calculated as a percentage of the initial length and length change of the biaxially oriented film specimen measured immediately after staying in the hot air fan for 5 minutes.
- the heat shrinkage rate (S 100 ) is after cutting the biaxially oriented film into 150 mm in length and 2 cm in width regardless of the direction to make a specimen, the initial length at room temperature and the retention of the biaxially oriented film specimen after staying for 5 minutes in a hot air oven at 100 ° C. It can be calculated by measuring the length.
- the thermal contraction rate (S 100 ) may be 15% or less, 12% or less, 10% or less, 9% or less, 8% or less, 7% or less, 6% or less, 5% or less, or 4.5% or less.
- the heat shrinkage rate (S 100 ) satisfies the above range or less, the degree of heat shrinkage is small at a hot air temperature of 100° C. or higher, and thermal properties are improved, thereby further improving printability and moldability.
- thermal contraction rate (S 100 ) of the biaxially oriented film may be the same or different depending on the longitudinal direction (MD) and the transverse direction (TD) of the biaxially oriented film.
- the thermal contraction rate (S MD100 ) in the longitudinal direction (MD) of the biaxially oriented film is 15% or less, 12% or less, 10% or less, 9% or less, 8% or less, 7% or less, 6% or less, 5 % or less, 4.5% or less, or 4% or less.
- the thermal contraction rate (S TD100 ) in the transverse direction (TD) of the biaxially oriented film is, for example, 15% or less, 12% or less, 10% or less, 9% or less, 8% or less, 7% or less, 6% or less, 5% or less , or 4.5% or less.
- the thermal shrinkage rate in the longitudinal direction (MD) and transverse direction (TD) of the biaxially oriented film exceeds the above range, the printing or lamination may cause severe contraction in the longitudinal and transverse directions due to hot air during printing or lamination, resulting in a printing problem. , It is not preferable because there is a phenomenon of curling after printing due to severe curling.
- the biaxially oriented film according to the embodiment may have a molding index (FI) expressed by the following formula 1-3 of 65 or more:
- TS was cut to about 100mm in length and 15mm in width according to ASTM D882 to make a specimen, and then mounted so that the distance between chucks was 50mm, and the tensile strength (kgf / kgf / In mm2), it is a numerical value excluding units,
- LS is as defined above.
- the forming index (FI) of the biaxially oriented film is a ratio of tensile strength to loop stiffness of the biaxially oriented film, and may represent a measure of whether tensile strength and flexibility are appropriate.
- one of the main characteristics of the biaxially oriented film may be that it can maintain a strength in an appropriate range, for example, tensile strength while having soft properties due to increased flexibility.
- the biaxially oriented film may be advantageous in expanding various applications due to excellent moldability.
- the molding index (FI) of the biaxially oriented film may be, for example, 65 or more, 68 or more, 70 or more, 75 or more, 80 or more, 85 or more, 90 or more, 95 or more, or 100 or more.
- the molding index (FI) of the biaxially oriented film may be, for example, 65 to 120, such as 65 to 110, or, for example, 65 to 105. If the molding index (FI) of the biaxially oriented film is less than 65, the flexibility is lowered and the strength is lowered, so that various problems occur during processing or molding, or there may be a limit to the application of various applications, Molded articles such as packaging materials to which the biaxially oriented film is applied may deteriorate in quality or cause defects.
- the molding index (FI) of the biaxially oriented film may be the same or different depending on the longitudinal direction (MD) and the transverse direction (TD) of the biaxially oriented film.
- the molding index (FI MD ) in the longitudinal direction (MD) of the biaxially oriented film may be, for example, 65 to 90, such as 70 to 90, or, for example, 70 to 80.
- the forming index (FI TD ) in the transverse direction (TD) of the biaxially oriented film may be, for example, 80 to 110, such as 85 to 110, or, for example, 90 to 110.
- the biaxially oriented film may satisfy only FI MD , or only FI TD , or both FI MD and FI TD .
- the biaxially oriented film according to the embodiment can improve flexibility while maintaining appropriate tensile strength, and provide an eco-friendly packaging material with excellent quality.
- the loop stiffness (LS) of the biaxially oriented film is as defined above.
- the tensile strength of the biaxially oriented film is measured by making a biaxially oriented film specimen according to ASTM D882, cutting it to a length of 100 mm and a width of 15 mm, and mounting it so that the length between the chucks is 50 mm. After testing at room temperature of 25°C at a tensile rate of 200 mm/min using the model name 5966), it can be measured by the program built into the facility.
- the tensile strength may be, for example, 9 to 25 kgf/mm2, such as 9.5 to 22 kgf/mm2, such as 10 to 22 kgf/mm2, such as 12 to 20 kgf/mm2, or, for example, 13 to 20 kgf/mm2.
- the tensile strength (TS) of the biaxially oriented film may be the same or different depending on the longitudinal direction (MD) and the transverse direction (TD) of the biaxially oriented film.
- the tensile strength (TS MD ) in the longitudinal direction (MD) of the biaxially oriented film is, for example, 9 to 25 kgf / mm 2 , 9.5 to 22 kgf / mm 2 , such as 10 to 22 kgf / mm 2 , such as 12 to 20 kgf / mm 2 , or for example It may be 13 to 18kgf/mm2.
- the tensile strength (TS TD ) in the transverse direction (TD) of the biaxially oriented film is, for example, 9 to 25 kgf/mm2, 10 to 25 kgf/mm2, such as 11 to 23 kgf/mm2, such as 12 to 23 kgf/mm2, or, for example, 15 to 20 kgf It may be /mm2.
- the biaxially oriented film may satisfy only TS MD , or only TS TD , or both TS MD and TS TD .
- the biaxially oriented film according to the embodiment can control the molding index (FI) expressed by Equation 1-3 in the above range, thereby improving productivity, processability and moldability at the same time, and an eco-friendly packaging material with excellent quality can provide
- the biaxially oriented film is a strain-stress curve from 200kgf/mm2 to 380kgf/mm2, 200kgf/mm2 to 360kgf/mm2, 200kgf/mm2 to 350kgf/mm2, 250kgf/mm2 to 350kgf/mm2, or 260kgf/mm2 to 350kgf It has a modulus of /mm2.
- the modulus is less than 200 kgf / mm2, the resistance to mechanical tension in the processing process such as printing or laminating is not sufficient, so wrinkles occur in the running direction, resulting in printing problems, or breakage during running. not.
- the modulus exceeds 380 kgf/mm 2 , the stiffness of the film increases and may be easily fractured or broken by an external impact. In addition, the lower the modulus within the above range, the better the flexibility.
- a thickness deviation with respect to the thickness of the entire width of the film may be 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the biaxially oriented film may have a thickness deviation of 9 ⁇ m or less, 8.5 ⁇ m or less, 8 ⁇ m or less, 7 ⁇ m or less, 6.5 ⁇ m or less, or 5 ⁇ m or less with respect to the thickness of the entire width of the film.
- the biaxially oriented film according to the embodiment contains amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), it is possible to provide a biaxially oriented film having excellent stretching uniformity and a small thickness variation.
- PHA amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the biaxially oriented film may have excellent optical properties.
- the biaxially oriented film may have a haze of 10% or less, 9% or less, 8% or less, 7% or less, 6% or less, or 5% or less.
- the haze exceeds the above-mentioned range, the transparency of the film is significantly reduced, so that there may be a limitation in using it for packaging purposes in which the contents inside are visible.
- the biaxially oriented film according to the embodiment contains amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) in a specific content, it is possible to provide a transparent biaxially oriented film having low haze.
- PHA amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the biaxially oriented film may have a light transmittance of 90% or more, 92% or more, or 93% or more.
- the biaxially oriented film is characterized in that the biodegradability measured by the amount of carbon dioxide generated according to KS M3100-1 is 90% or more.
- the biodegradability indicates the ratio of decomposition compared to the standard material (eg, cellulose) in the same period, and the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Korea defines it as a biodegradable material when the biodegradability is 90% or more compared to the standard material.
- the structure and physical properties of the biaxially oriented film according to the embodiment can be efficiently achieved by manufacturing through the method for manufacturing the biaxially oriented film according to the embodiment.
- a method for producing a biaxially oriented film includes a first step of mixing polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and then melt-extruding them to prepare a sheet; a second step of biaxially stretching the melt-extruded sheet to prepare a film; and a third step of heat-setting the biaxially stretched film.
- PLA polylactic acid
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the first step may include mixing polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and then melt-extruding them to prepare a sheet.
- PLA polylactic acid
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the content or mixing weight ratio of the polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is as described above.
- a filler may be further added to improve slip properties and quality.
- the type, content and particle size of the filler are the same as described above.
- the melt extrusion may be performed at 180° C. to 250° C., and after the melt extrusion, the sheet can be obtained by adhering to a cooling roll cooled to about 10° C. to 30° C.
- the second step may include preparing a film by biaxially stretching the melt-extruded sheet.
- the melt-extruded sheet may be preheated to 50° C. to 80° C., and then longitudinally stretched 2 to 4 times in the longitudinal direction (MD) at 40° C. to 100° C.
- the melt-extruded sheet may be preheated to 50° C. to 80° C., and then passed through a roll in a stretching section of 70° C. to 100° C. to be longitudinally stretched 2 to 4 times.
- the stretched film may be transversely stretched 3 to 5 times in the transverse direction (MD) at 50° C. to 110° C.
- the stretched film is in the section of the tenter divided into a first zone having an average temperature of 80 °C to 105 °C in the initial 30% section, and 2 zones having an average temperature of 80 °C to 110 °C in a late 70% section. 3 to 5 times transverse stretching can be performed.
- the physical properties and moldability of the film can be further improved, so that a high-quality packaging material can be realized.
- the thickness deviation of the film is severe, the strength of the one side during the stretching may be significantly reduced, and the thermal properties may also be deteriorated.
- the third step may include heat setting the biaxially stretched film.
- the heat setting step may be performed at 50 °C to 150 °C, 70 °C to 150 °C, 100 °C to 150 °C, or 120 °C to 150 °C.
- the biaxially oriented film When manufacturing the biaxially oriented film according to the manufacturing method of the embodiment, it may be more effective in manufacturing a biaxially oriented film having a desired configuration and physical properties.
- a first layer comprising a first polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA); and a second layer disposed on one surface of the first layer and comprising a second polylactic acid (PLA), wherein the first layer is more than 0% by weight based on the total weight of the first layer. and less than 30% by weight polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- PLA polylactic acid
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the first layer and the second layer having the specific composition, specifically, a first layer comprising a first polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), and one surface of the first layer
- PHA polylactic acid
- the second layer containing the second polylactic acid (PLA) flexibility and noise level can be improved, and interlayer compatibility between the first layer and the second layer can be improved to improve interlayer adhesion properties. and can further improve processability and productivity.
- the first layer contains more than 0 wt% to less than 30 wt% of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) based on the total weight of the first layer, it is possible to maintain adequate strength while improving flexibility. And, it is possible to further improve the optical properties, it is possible to provide a laminate having a low thermal contraction rate at a high temperature of 100° C. or more and a small thickness variation.
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the laminate is biodegradable and completely decomposed during landfill and has environmental-friendly properties, it has technical significance in that it can be utilized in more diverse fields to exhibit excellent properties.
- a laminate 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first layer 12 ; and a second layer 11 disposed on one surface of the first layer 12 .
- a laminate according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a first layer; a second layer disposed on one surface of the first layer; and a corona layer disposed on the other surface of the first layer, a coating layer, or both.
- the laminate 1 may include a first layer 12 ; a second layer 11 disposed on the upper surface of the first layer 12; and a corona layer 13 disposed on a lower surface of the first layer 12 .
- a coating layer may be disposed instead of the corona layer disposed on the lower surface of the first layer 12 .
- the laminate 1 includes a first layer 12 ; a second layer 11 disposed on the upper surface of the first layer 12; a corona layer 13 disposed on a lower surface of the first layer 12; and a coating layer 14 disposed on a lower surface of the corona layer 13 .
- the first layer includes a first polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- PLA polylactic acid
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the first polylactic acid (PLA) may be the same as the polylactic acid (PLA) mentioned in the biaxially oriented film.
- the first polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) in the first layer flexibility can be improved and the noise level can be lowered, and the second layer including the second polylactic acid (PLA) It is possible to maintain excellent interlayer adhesion properties due to good interlayer compatibility, and further improve processability and productivity.
- the first layer includes only one resin of the first polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) or does not include both, a satisfactory noise reduction effect or flexibility is achieved. Not only is it difficult, but the compatibility between the layers of the first layer and the second layer in the laminate is deteriorated, and interlayer adhesion properties are deteriorated or separated from each other, thereby adversely affecting workability and productivity.
- PHA polylactic acid
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the first polylactic acid (PLA) may have a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 100,000 to 1,000,000 g/mol, such as 100,000 to 800,000 g/mol, 100,000 to 500,000 g/mol, or 100,000 to 300,000 g/mol.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) may be measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the first polylactic acid (PLA) may include L-lactic acid, D-lactic acid, D, L-lactic acid, or a combination thereof.
- the first polylactic acid (PLA) may be a random copolymer of L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid.
- the content of L-lactic acid may be 80 wt% to 99 wt%, 83 wt% to 99 wt%, or 85 wt% to 99 wt% based on the total weight of the first polylactic acid.
- the first polylactic acid (PLA) may have a melting temperature (Tm) of 100°C to 250°C, 110°C to 220°C, or 120°C to 200°C.
- the first polylactic acid (PLA) may have a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 30°C to 80°C, 40°C to 80°C, 40°C to 70°C, or 45°C to 65°C.
- the first polylactic acid (PLA) is more than 70 wt%, 75 wt% or more, 80 wt% or more, 85 wt% or more, 88 wt% or more, 90 wt% or more, 93 wt% based on the total weight of the first layer % or more, or 95 wt% or more.
- the first polylactic acid (PLA) may be less than 100 wt%, 99 wt% or less, 98 wt% or less, 97 wt% or less, or 95 wt% or less based on the total weight of the first layer.
- the first polylactic acid (PLA) is more than 70 wt% to less than 100 wt%, more than 70 wt% to 99 wt%, 75 wt% or more to 99 wt% or less, based on the total weight of the first layer , 75 wt% or more to 98 wt% or less, 75 wt% or more to 97 wt% or less, 80 wt% or more to 97 wt% or less, 85 wt% or more to 97 wt% or less, 90 wt% or more to 97 wt% or less , 95 wt% or more to less than 100 wt%, 95 wt% or more to 97 wt% or less, or 90 wt% or more to 95 wt% or less.
- the tensile strength of the laminate may decrease, thermal contraction rate may increase, and optical properties such as transparency and light transmittance may be deteriorated.
- the content of the first polylactic acid (PLA) is too large, brittleness may increase, flexibility may be lowered, so that it is easy to break or break, and there may be problems with severe noise.
- the first polylactic acid (PLA) is brittle and has a property of hardening the film when the operating temperature range is 20° C. or less, and tends to crack and crack easily when the film is impacted in winter. If it is over 35°C, the film tends to lose elasticity and become brittle, and its use is limited due to the severe noise.
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- PLA first polylactic acid
- the content of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) included in the first layer is important in order to achieve excellent strength, flexibility, improved optical properties, thermal properties, and improved noise level of the laminate.
- the first layer may include more than 0 wt% to less than 30 wt% of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) based on the total weight of the first layer.
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the first layer contains the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) in an amount of greater than 0 wt% to less than 30 wt%, more than 0 wt% to less than 25 wt%, based on the total weight of the first layer, 0 greater than or equal to 20% by weight, greater than or equal to 1% to less than 30% by weight, greater than or equal to 1% to 25% by weight, greater than or equal to 2% to less than 25% by weight, greater than or equal to 2% to less than 20% by weight, 3 At least 3 wt% and up to 25 wt%, at least 3 wt% and up to 20 wt%, at least 3 wt% and up to 15 wt%, at least 3 wt% and up to 10 wt%, greater than 0 to 5 wt%, 3 wt% to 5% by weight, or 5% to 10% by weight.
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the mixing weight ratio of the first polylactic acid (PLA) and the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is greater than 70 to less than 100: greater than 0 to less than 30, such as 80 to 97: 3 to 20, such as 80 to 95: 5 to 20, such as 90 to 97: 3 to 10, such as 90 to 95: 5 to 10, or such as 95 to 97: 3 to 5.
- the mixing weight ratio of the first polylactic acid (PLA) and the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) satisfies the above range, flexibility can be improved while having appropriate strength, and optical and thermal properties are improved, , can lower the noise level.
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may be the same as the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) mentioned in the biaxially oriented film.
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate may be polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) having a controlled degree of crystallinity (crystallinity).
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate includes a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate containing at least one unit of Chemical Formula 1 and at least one unit of Chemical Formula 2, respectively, so that crystallinity is controlled.
- Hydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may be:
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may be a polyester including only the unit of Formula 1 and the unit of Formula 2 as polymerized units, and includes the unit of Formula 1 and the unit of Formula 2 as polymerized units. and may further include other polymerization units other than the above. Also, the units of Formula 2 may be randomly repeated.
- the crystallinity-controlled polyhydroxyalkanoate may be one in which crystallinity and amorphous properties are controlled by increasing irregularity in molecular structure, and specifically, the type of monomer, the ratio of the monomer or the type of isomer and / or the content may be adjusted.
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) comprising the unit of Formula 1 and the unit of Formula 2, and the unit content of Formula 2 is It may be 1 wt% or more, 3 wt% or more, 5 wt% or more, 10 wt% or more, and 60 wt% or less, 55 wt% or less, 50 wt% based on the total weight of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) % or less.
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) including the unit of Formula 1 and the unit of Formula 2, and the unit content of Formula 2 is 1 to 60 weight %, 5-50 wt%, 10-60 wt%, 10-50 wt%, 15-60 wt%, 15-50 wt%, 20-60 wt%, 20-50 wt%, 25-60 wt%, 25 to 50% by weight, 30 to 60% by weight, 30 to 50% by weight, 35 to 60% by weight, 35 to 50% by weight, 40 to 60% by weight, 40 to 50% by weight, 45 to 60% by weight, 45 to 50% by weight, or 46 to 50% by weight.
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may include isomers.
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may include structural isomers, enantiomers, or geometric isomers.
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may include structural isomers.
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate may be amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is an amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)
- a crystalline polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is used as the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the optical properties of the laminate may be improved.
- the amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) includes a unit of Formula 1 and a unit of Formula 2 is a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), and may include 15 to 60% by weight of the unit of Formula 2 based on the total weight of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- the amorphousness may increase.
- the amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) The content of the unit of formula (2) in the above may be important.
- the amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may contain 15 to 55% by weight, 15 to 50% by weight, 20 to 60% by weight of the unit of Formula 2 based on the total weight of the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA). wt%, 20-50 wt%, 25-60 wt%, 25-50 wt%, 30-60 wt%, 30-50 wt%, 35-60 wt%, 35-50 wt%, 40-60 wt% , 40 to 50% by weight, 45 to 60% by weight, 45 to 50% by weight, or 46 to 50% by weight.
- the first layer includes the unit of Formula 2 in the above range, when polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is mixed with the first polylactic acid (PLA) and used, there is compatibility between the resins, so that the laminate There is an advantage that can further improve the optical properties of the. If, in the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), the unit of Formula 2 is less than 15% by weight, compatibility between the resins deteriorates, so that the transparency and light transmittance of the laminate are lowered, and the modulus and noise level may be lowered. have.
- the amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate is a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate comprising a 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB) unit and a 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) unit.
- PHA 3-hydroxybutyrate
- 4-HB 4-hydroxybutyrate
- PHA may include 15 to 60% by weight of the 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) unit based on the total weight of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- the amorphousness increases.
- the amorphous polyhydroxyal The content of 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) units in canoate (PHA) can be important.
- the 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) unit is, for example, 20 to 60 wt%, such as 25 to 60 wt%, such as 25 to 50 wt%, based on the total weight of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- % such as 30 to 60% by weight, such as 30 to 50% by weight, such as 35 to 60% by weight, such as 35 to 50% by weight, such as 40 to 60% by weight, such as 40 to 50% by weight, such as 45 to 60% by weight , such as 45 to 50% by weight, such as 46 to 60% by weight, or such as 46 to 50% by weight.
- the first layer contains 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) units in the above range, when polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is mixed with the first polylactic acid (PLA) and used, the There is compatibility, there is an advantage that can further improve the optical properties of the laminate. If the 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) unit is less than 15% by weight, compatibility between the resins may deteriorate and optical properties of the laminate may be deteriorated.
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may be a polyester comprising only 3-hydroxybutyrate units (3-HB) and 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) units as polymerized units (ie, polymerized units). is composed of only 3-hydroxybutyrate units (3-HB) and 4-hydroxybutyrate units (4-HB), or 3-hydroxybutyrate units (3-HB) and 4-hydroxy units as polymerized units It may include a butyrate (4-HB) unit, and further include other polymerized units other than the above. In addition, the 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) unit may be randomly repeated.
- Examples of the other polymerized units include lactate (LA), glycolate (GA), 3-hydroxypropionate (3HP), 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV), 5-hydroxyvalerate (5HV), 5-hydroxyhexanoate (5HH), 6-hydroxyhexanoate (6HH), or 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HH), or hydroxyalkanoate having 7 or more carbon atoms;
- the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) and a glass transition temperature (Tg) as described above.
- the first layer may further include a filler.
- the filler may include an organic filler, an inorganic filler, or a mixture thereof.
- the organic filler may include an organic filler including a material selected from hard acrylate, polystyrene, nylon, and soft acrylate.
- the inorganic filler may be at least one selected from the group consisting of barium sulfate, silica and calcium carbonate.
- the filler may be an inorganic filler, and may include, for example, silica.
- the first layer may improve workability due to excellent slip properties, and may provide excellent quality.
- the particle diameter of the filler may be 0.1 ⁇ m to 6.0 ⁇ m.
- the filler may have a particle diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m to 5.5 ⁇ m or 2.0 ⁇ m to 5.2 ⁇ m.
- the first layer may include the filler in an amount of 0.01 to 3% by weight based on the total weight of the first layer.
- the first layer may contain 0.01 to 2.5 wt%, 0.01 to 2 wt%, 0.01 to 1.5 wt%, 0.01 to 1 wt%, 0.01 to 0.5 wt%, based on the total weight of the first layer. % by weight, or 0.01 to 0.2% by weight.
- the thickness of the first layer may be, for example, 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, such as 2 ⁇ m to 19 ⁇ m, or, for example, 3 ⁇ m to 17 ⁇ m.
- the second layer is disposed on one surface of the first layer and includes a second polylactic acid (PLA).
- PLA polylactic acid
- the second layer contains the second polylactic acid (PLA), it has good compatibility with the first layer containing the first polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) to maintain excellent interlayer adhesion properties. and can further improve processability and productivity.
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the second layer does not contain the second polylactic acid (PLA) but contains another resin such as polytriethylene terephthalate (PTT), interlayer compatibility between the first layer and the second layer There may be problems in that the interlayer adhesive properties are deteriorated due to poor properties or are separated from each other, adversely affecting workability and productivity.
- PHA polylactic acid
- PTT polytriethylene terephthalate
- the second layer may include an isomer of the second polylactic acid.
- the second layer may include the L-isomer, D-isomer, D, L-isomer, or a mixture thereof of the second polylactic acid.
- the second polylactic acid (PLA) may be a random copolymer of L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid.
- the second polylactic acid may include stereoisomers of L-isomers and D-isomers having opposite configurations, and these stereoisomers have the same chemical structure and physical properties, but stereoisomerism. Only arrays can be mirror images of each other.
- the second layer includes a mixture of the L-isomer and the D-isomer of the second polylactic acid, the transparency of the film is improved and the film has thermal bonding performance, so it can be used for thermal bonding.
- the second layer may include 5 wt% to 30 wt% of the D-isomer based on the total weight of the second polylactic acid. If the content of the D-isomer is too large, the thickness deviation and thermal contraction rate of the laminate may increase, and the physical properties of the laminate such as tensile strength may decrease, and in the process, winding during production and processing. There is a problem with the roll pass due to insufficient brittleness, and workability and productivity may be reduced. On the other hand, when the content of the D-isomer is too small, a large amount of heat is required during the thermal bonding process, and the shape of the laminate may be deformed, such as the film cries when the laminate is formed into a film.
- the second layer may include a mixture of the L-isomer and the D-isomer of the second polylactic acid, and the weight ratio of the L-isomer and the D-isomer may be 70 to 95: 5 to 30. .
- the second layer may include poly-L-lactic acid (L-PLA) and poly-D-lactic acid (D-PLA).
- L-PLA poly-L-lactic acid
- D-PLA poly-D-lactic acid
- the weight ratio of L-PLA and D-PLA is 70 to 95: 5 to 30, such as 72 to 95: 5 to 28, such as 74 to 93: 7 to 26, or for example 75 to 93: It may be 7 to 25.
- optical properties of the film may be improved, and thermal adhesion performance may be further improved.
- the second polylactic acid (PLA) may have a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of, for example, 50,000 to 1,000,000 g/mol, such as 50,000 to 800,000 g/mol, such as 50,000 to 500,000 g/mol, or, for example, 50,000 to 300,000 g/mol. .
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) may be measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). When the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the second polylactic acid (PLA) is out of the above range, the mechanical strength and heat resistance of the laminate may be further improved.
- the second polylactic acid (PLA) may have a melting temperature (Tm) of, for example, 100°C to 250°C, 110°C to 220°C, or 120°C to 200°C.
- Tm melting temperature
- the second polylactic acid (PLA) may have no melting temperature (Tm).
- the second polylactic acid (PLA) may have a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 20°C to 80°C, 25°C to 80°C, 30°C to 75°C, or 35°C to 70°C.
- the second layer may further include a filler to improve slip characteristics.
- the filler may be the same as or different from the type and content of the filler in the first layer.
- the particle diameter of the filler included in the second layer may be 0.1 ⁇ m to 6.0 ⁇ m.
- the second layer may include the filler in an amount of 0.01 to 3% by weight based on the total weight of the second layer.
- the second layer includes a filler
- slip property is improved in the process, and processing may be easier.
- the thickness of the second layer may be, for example, 0.1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, such as 0.1 ⁇ m to 18 ⁇ m, or, for example, 0.1 ⁇ m to 16 ⁇ m.
- the thickness ratio of the first layer and the second layer may be, for example, 1:0.1 to 1, for example, 1:0.1 to 0.9, or, for example, 1:0.1 to 0.8.
- the laminate according to an embodiment may further include a corona layer disposed on the other surface of the first layer.
- the corona layer may be directly formed on the other surface of the first layer.
- the laminate further includes a corona layer, it is possible to remove contamination such as oil on the surface of the laminate and increase the adhesive strength by making a surface friendly to the bonding site, and chemically and physically surface-modified to provide hydrophilicity, adhesiveness , printability, coating properties, deposition properties, etc. may be further improved.
- the first layer of the laminate since the first layer of the laminate has no polar group, the polarity is very low and the crystallinity is high, so the affinity for the ink or the adhesive may be low.
- high frequency and high voltage are applied to the surface of the first layer to insulate and break molecular bonds on the surface to generate polar groups on the surface, thereby increasing surface energy.
- the corona layer is formed by corona treatment of the first layer, and may include a polar functional group selected from the group consisting of -CO, -COOH, and -OH.
- the surface tension of the first layer to the corona-treated side may be 38 dyn/cm or more, for example, 38 to 70 dyn/cm, such as 38 to 68 dyn/cm, or, for example, 38 to 66 dyn/cm.
- the surface tension with respect to the corona-treated surface of the first layer satisfies the above range, adhesion, printability, coating properties, deposition properties, and the like of the laminate may be further improved.
- the thickness of the corona layer may be appropriately adjusted according to the use and purpose of the laminate, and specifically, it may be, for example, 0.1 nm to 1000 nm, such as 0.2 nm to 900 nm, or, for example, 0.1 nm to 800 nm, but is not limited thereto.
- the laminate according to an embodiment may further include a coating layer disposed on the other surface of the first layer.
- the coating layer may include a primer coating layer, and in this case, antistatic performance may be improved.
- the primer coating layer includes a corona layer on the other surface of the first layer, or when the laminate includes the corona layer, a corona layer on the other surface of the first layer, and the primer coating layer on the other surface (lower surface) of the corona layer. can do.
- a primer coating layer may be formed by performing a primer treatment on the other surface of the first layer.
- a primer coating layer may be formed by a primer treatment on one surface (lower surface) of the corona layer disposed on the other surface of the first layer.
- the primer coating layer may include at least one selected from the group consisting of ammonium-based compounds having antistatic performance, phosphoric acid-based compounds, and polymers such as acrylic resins and urethane-based resins.
- the surface resistance of the primer coating layer may be 0.1 to 30 ⁇ / ⁇ , 0.2 to 28 ⁇ / ⁇ , 0.3 to 26 ⁇ / ⁇ , 0.4 to 24 ⁇ / ⁇ , or 1 to 20 ⁇ / ⁇ .
- the above surface resistance is, for example, at room temperature (22 ⁇ 2 °C) under relative humidity (60% ⁇ 10%), the antistatic performance is evaluated with a surface resistance measuring instrument.
- the thickness of the coating layer may be appropriately adjusted according to the use and purpose of the laminate, and specifically may be 15 nm to 50 nm, 20 nm to 45 nm, 25 nm to 40 nm, or 30 nm to 35 nm, but is not limited thereto.
- the laminate of the embodiment of the present invention may include a multilayer structure of two or more layers, such as three or more layers, such as four or more layers.
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN) represented by the following Equation 2-1 may be 18 or less:
- the N AVG directed the class 2 sound level meter specified in KS C IEC61672-1 in the direction of the noise source, and at a point of 1.2 to 1.5 m above the ground, a laminate specimen having a width of 21 cm and a length of 29.5 cm was crumpled and unfolded 10 times for 10 seconds. It is a value excluding units from the average noise level (dB) calculated by measuring the maximum noise level during repetition 5 times,
- the LS is the loop stiffness (gf), in which the load at the center of the loop is measured by fixing a loop-shaped laminate specimen having a width of 1.5 cm and a length of 18 cm to a loop measuring device (Loop Stiffness Tester) according to ASTM D747, unit is a number excluding
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN) expressed by Equation 2-1 is expressed as the product of the average noise level and the roof stiffness of the laminate, which is an index indicating the degree of composite characteristics of the flexibility and noise level of the laminate. Therefore, the flexible noise composite index (LSN) may be a measure indicating the quality of a molded article such as a packaging material including the laminate.
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN) may be lower as the average noise level (N AVG ) of the first layer is lower, and may be higher as the noise level (N AVG ) is higher.
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN) may be lower as the loop stiffness (LS) is lower, and may be higher as the loop stiffness (LS) is higher.
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN) having these characteristics satisfies the specific range or less, the mechanical properties, optical properties and thermal properties of the laminate are excellent and the noise level can be reduced.
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN) of the laminate may be, for example, 18 or less, 17 or less, 16 or less, or 15 or less. If the flexible noise composite index (LSN) of the laminate exceeds 18, flexibility may decrease, brittleness may increase, and noise may increase. .
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN) of the laminate may be the same or different depending on the longitudinal direction (MD) and the transverse direction (TD) of the laminate.
- the longitudinal direction MD of the laminate may represent a longitudinal direction or a machine direction
- the transverse direction TD of the laminate may represent a width direction as a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction MD.
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN MD ) in the longitudinal direction (MD) of the laminate may be, for example, 4 to 18, 5 to 18, 5 to 17, 6 to 17, 8 to 17, or 8 to 16. .
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN TD ) in the transverse direction (TD) of the laminate may be, for example, 4 to 18, 5 to 17, 5 to 16, 6 to 16, 8 to 15, or 9 to 15.
- the laminate may satisfy only the LSN MD , or only the LSN TD , or both the LSN MD and the LSN TD .
- the laminate according to the embodiment can improve flexibility while maintaining appropriate tensile strength, and can reduce noise, so it is more advantageous for realizing the desired effect, thereby providing an eco-friendly packaging material with excellent quality .
- the average noise level (N AVG ) of the laminate is a sound level meter of class 2 or higher specified in KS C IEC61672-1, directed in the direction of the noise source, At a point of 1.5 m in height, the maximum noise level was recorded by measuring the noise level when the laminate was folded and unfolded 10 times for 10 seconds at a constant speed, and this was repeated 5 times to obtain the average value of the maximum noise level for each time It was calculated and defined as the average noise level.
- the noise level can be measured at a height of 1.2 to 1.5 m above the ground, and when there is an obstacle exceeding 1.5 m in height at the measurement point, it can be measured at a point about 1.0 to 3.5 m away from the obstacle in the direction of the noise source.
- controlling the average noise level (N AVG ) below a specific range may be good in terms of providing a high-quality packaging material.
- the average noise level (N AVG ) of the laminate may be, for example, 86 dB or less, for example, 85 dB or less, for example, 84.8 dB or less, or, for example, 84 dB or less.
- the average noise level (N AVG ) of the laminate is 86 dB or less, it is advantageous to control the flexible noise composite index (LSN) of Equation 2-1 to 18 or less, and it is possible to provide a quality packaging material by improving noise.
- Equation 2-1 the loop stiffness (LS) of the laminate was measured using a loop-shaped laminate specimen having a width of 1.5 cm and a length of 18 cm based on ASTM D747 using a loop measuring device (Loop Stiffness Tester, TOYOSEIKI). It is a measure of the load at the center of the loop by fixing to the .
- the loop stiffness (LS) of the laminate may be 0.20 gf or less, or 0.19 gf or less.
- the loop stiffness (LS) of the laminate is, for example, 0.10 to 0.20 gf, for example, 0.10 to 0.19 gf. for example 0.10 to 0.18 gf, or for example 0.10 to 0.17 gf.
- loop stiffness (LS) of the laminate may be the same or different depending on the longitudinal direction (MD) and the transverse direction (TD) of the laminate.
- the loop stiffness (LS MD ) in the longitudinal direction (MD) of the laminate is, for example, 0.10 to 0.20 gf, such as 0.10 to 0.19 gf, such as 0.11 to 0.19 gf, such as 0.11 to 0.18 gf, or such as 0.11 to 0.15 gf.
- 0.10 to 0.20 gf such as 0.10 to 0.19 gf, such as 0.11 to 0.19 gf, such as 0.11 to 0.18 gf, or such as 0.11 to 0.15 gf.
- the loop stiffness (LS TD ) in the transverse direction (TD) of the laminate may be, for example, 0.10 to 0.20 gf, such as 0.10 to 0.18 gf, such as 0.10 to 0.17 gf, or, for example, 0.12 to 0.16 gf.
- the laminate may satisfy only the LS MD , or only the LS TD , or both the LS MD and the LS TD .
- the laminate according to the embodiment is more effective in controlling the flexible noise composite index (LSN) expressed by Equation 2-1 in the above range, it is more advantageous in realizing the desired effect, so that the quality is excellent and eco-friendly Packaging materials can be provided.
- the laminate may have a thermal contraction rate (S 100 ) of 15% or less, which is expressed by Equation 2-2 below:
- L 25 is the initial length (mm) of the laminate specimen at 25 ° C
- L 100 is the length (mm) of the laminate specimen measured immediately after staying in a hot air machine at 100° C. for 5 minutes.
- the thermal contraction rate (S 100 ) represented by Equation 2-2 is a value obtained by converting the degree of thermal contraction of the laminate specimen into a percentage at a hot air temperature of 100° C., and the initial length of the laminate specimen with respect to the initial length of the laminate specimen. It is a value calculated as a percentage of the length change of the laminate specimen measured immediately after staying in the hot air blower for 5 minutes.
- the thermal contraction rate (S 100 ) is the length of the laminate specimen after cutting the laminate into 150 mm in length and 2 cm in width regardless of the direction to make a specimen, the initial length at room temperature and the length of the laminate specimen after staying for 5 minutes in a hot air oven at 100 ° C. It can be calculated by measuring.
- the thermal contraction rate (S 100 ) may be 15% or less, 12% or less, 10% or less, 9% or less, 8% or less, 7% or less, 6% or less, 5% or less, or 4.5% or less.
- the heat shrinkage rate (S 100 ) satisfies the above range or less, the degree of heat shrinkage is small at a hot air temperature of 100° C. or higher, and thermal properties are improved, thereby further improving printability and moldability.
- thermal contraction rate (S 100 ) of the laminate may be the same or different depending on the longitudinal direction (MD) and the transverse direction (TD) of the laminate.
- the thermal contraction rate (S MD100 ) in the longitudinal direction (MD) of the laminate is 15% or less, 12% or less, 10% or less, 9% or less, 8% or less, 7% or less, 6% or less, 5% or less or less, 4.7% or less, or 4.5% or less.
- the thermal contraction rate (S TD100 ) in the transverse direction (TD) of the laminate is, for example, 15% or less, 12% or less, 10% or less, 9% or less, 8% or less, 7% or less, 6% or less, 5.5% or less, or 5.0% or less.
- the laminate according to the embodiment may have a molding index (FI) expressed by Equation 2-3 below 65 or more:
- TS was cut to about 100mm in length and 15mm in width according to ASTM D882 to make a specimen, and then mounted so that the distance between chucks was 50mm, and the tensile strength (kgf / mm2) measured at room temperature using the universal testing machine (UTM) ), excluding units,
- LS is as defined above.
- the forming index (FI) of the laminate is a ratio of the tensile strength to the loop stiffness of the laminate, and may represent a measure of whether tensile strength and flexibility are appropriate.
- one of the main features of the laminate may be that it can maintain an appropriate range of strength, for example, tensile strength, while having soft properties due to increased flexibility.
- the laminate has excellent moldability, which may be advantageous for expanding various applications.
- the forming index (FI) of the laminate may be, for example, 65 or more, 68 or more, 70 or more, 73 or more, 75 or more, 80 or more, 85 or more, 88 or more, 90 or more, 95 or more, or 100 or more.
- the forming index (FI) of the laminate may be, for example, 65 to 120, such as 65 to 110, or, for example, 65 to 105. If, when the molding index (FI) of the laminate is less than 65, the flexibility is lowered and easily broken, or the strength is lowered so that various problems occur during processing or molding, or there may be a limit to the application of various applications, Molded products such as packaging materials to which the laminate is applied may deteriorate in quality or cause defects.
- the forming index (FI) of the laminate may be the same or different depending on the longitudinal direction (MD) and the transverse direction (TD) of the laminate.
- the forming index (FI MD ) in the longitudinal direction (MD) of the laminate may be, for example, 65 to 120, such as 65 to 100, 65 to 90, or, for example, 70 to 90.
- the forming index (FI TD ) in the transverse direction (TD) of the laminate may be, for example, 70 to 120, such as 72 to 110, such as 80 to 110, such as 90 to 110, or such as 90 to 105.
- the laminate may satisfy only the FI MD , or only the FI TD , or both of the FI MD and FI TD .
- the laminate according to the embodiment may improve flexibility while maintaining appropriate tensile strength, and may provide an eco-friendly packaging material having excellent quality.
- Equation 2-3 the loop stiffness (LS) of the laminate is as defined above.
- the tensile strength of the laminate is obtained by making a laminate specimen according to ASTM D882, cutting it to a length of 100 mm and a width of 15 mm, and mounting it so that the length between the chucks is 50 mm. ) at a tensile rate of 200mm/min at room temperature of 25°C, and then it can be measured by the program built into the facility.
- the tensile strength may be, for example, 7 to 20 kgf/mm2, such as 8 to 20 kgf/mm2, such as 8 to 18 kgf/mm2, such as 9 to 17 kgf/mm2, or, for example, 10 to 17 kgf/mm2.
- TS tensile strength
- MD longitudinal direction
- TD transverse direction
- the tensile strength (TS MD ) in the longitudinal direction (MD) of the laminate is, for example, 7 to 14 kgf/mm 2 , 8 to 14 kgf/mm 2 , such as 9 to 14 kgf/mm 2 , such as 10 to 14 kgf/mm 2 , or for example 11 to 14 kgf / mm 2 may be.
- the tensile strength (TS TD ) in the transverse direction (TD) of the laminate is, for example, 8 to 20 kgf/mm2, 10 to 20 kgf/mm2, such as 11 to 20 kgf/mm2, such as 12 to 18 kgf/mm2, or, for example, 13 to 17 kgf/mm2 mm2 may be.
- the laminate may satisfy only the TS MD , or only the TS TD , or both the TS MD and TS TD .
- the laminate according to the embodiment can control the molding index (FI) expressed by Equation 2-3 in the above range, thereby improving productivity, processability, and moldability at the same time, and providing an eco-friendly packaging material with excellent quality can provide
- the laminate is a strain-stress curve from 200kgf/mm2 to 380kgf/mm2, 230kgf/mm2 to 380kgf/mm2, 250kgf/mm2 to 350kgf/mm2, 280kgf/mm2 to 350kgf/mm2, or 290kgf/mm2 to 350kgf/mm2 It has a modulus of mm2.
- the modulus is less than 200 kgf / mm2, the resistance to mechanical tension in the processing process such as printing or laminating is not sufficient, so wrinkles occur in the running direction, resulting in printing problems, or breakage during running. not.
- the modulus exceeds 380 kgf/mm 2 , the stiffness of the laminate increases and may be easily broken or broken by an external impact. In addition, the lower the modulus within the above range, the better the flexibility.
- the modulus of the laminate may be the same or different depending on the longitudinal direction (MD) and the transverse direction (TD) of the laminate.
- the modulus (M MD ) in the longitudinal direction (MD) of the laminate is 200kgf/mm2 to 380kgf/mm2, 250kgf/mm2 to 380kgf/mm2, 260kgf/mm2 to 350kgf/mm2, 290kgf/mm2 to 350kgf/mm2 , or 295 kgf / mm 2 to 345 kgf / mm 2 may be.
- the modulus (M TD ) in the transverse direction (TD) of the laminate is, for example, 200kgf/mm2 to 380kgf/mm2, 260kgf/mm2 to 380kgf/mm2, 270kgf/mm2 to 350kgf/mm2, 280kgf/mm2 to 350kgf/mm2, or It may be 300kgf/mm2 to 350kgf/mm2.
- the modulus (M TD ) in the transverse direction (TD) of the laminate may be greater than the modulus (M MD ) in the longitudinal direction (MD).
- a thickness deviation with respect to the thickness of the overall width of the laminate may be 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the laminate may have a thickness deviation of 9 ⁇ m or less, 8.5 ⁇ m or less, 8 ⁇ m or less, 7 ⁇ m or less, 6.5 ⁇ m or less, 5 ⁇ m or less, or 4.7 ⁇ m or less with respect to the thickness of the overall width of the laminate.
- the laminate has excellent interlayer adhesion properties between the first layer and the second layer.
- the heat bonding strength of the first layer and the second layer may be 0.7 to 2.0 kgf / mm 2 .
- the thermal bonding strength of the first layer and the second layer may be 0.7 to 1.8 kgf/mm 2 , 0.9 to 1.8 kgf/mm 2 , or 0.9 to 1.7 kgf/mm 2 .
- the interlayer adhesive property is excellent, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of separation of each layer, and it is possible to further improve workability and productivity.
- the heat bonding strength is, for example, after making a laminate specimen based on ASTM D882, cutting it to about 100 mm in length and about 15 mm in width, and applying the first and second layers facing each other with a Heat Seal Tester (TESTER SANGYO, TP-701) After thermal lamination in -B), using a universal testing machine (UTM, model name 5966) from INSTRON, the thermally laminated part of the laminate specimen is in the center and the length between chucks is 50 mm After mounting, the lamination For the first and second layers of the sieve specimen, the strength of peeling at a 180° angle at a room temperature of about 25° C. at a tensile rate of about 200 mm/min was evaluated, and then measured by a program built into the tensile equipment.
- TESTER SANGYO TP-701
- the laminate may have excellent optical properties.
- the laminate may have a haze of 10% or less, 9% or less, 8% or less, 7% or less, 6% or less, or 5% or less.
- the haze exceeds the above-mentioned range, the transparency of the laminate is significantly reduced, and there may be a limitation in using it for packaging purposes in which the contents inside are visible.
- the laminate according to the embodiment contains amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) in a specific content, it is possible to provide a transparent laminate with a low haze.
- PHA amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the laminate may have a light transmittance of 90% or more, 92% or more, or 93% or more.
- the laminate is characterized in that the biodegradation degree measured by the amount of carbon dioxide generated according to KS M3100-1 is 90% or more.
- the biodegradability indicates the ratio of decomposition compared to the standard material (eg, cellulose) in the same period, and the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Korea defines it as a biodegradable material when the biodegradability is 90% or more compared to the standard material.
- the structure and physical properties of the laminate according to the embodiment can be efficiently achieved by manufacturing through the method for manufacturing the laminate according to the embodiment.
- preparing a first resin including a first polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and a second resin including a second polylactic acid (PLA) (Step 1) ); melting and co-extruding the first resin and the second resin to obtain a two-layer laminated sheet (step 2); and biaxially stretching and heat setting the laminated sheet to obtain a laminate (step 3), wherein the laminate is a first polylactic acid (PLA) and a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) containing a First floor; and a second layer disposed on one surface of the first layer and comprising a second polylactic acid (PLA), wherein the first layer is more than 0% by weight based on the total weight of the first layer.
- a method for preparing a laminate comprising less than 30% by weight of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is provided.
- the method for manufacturing a laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention is a method of melt co-extrusion using a first resin and a second resin having a specific composition to obtain a two-layer laminated sheet, and biaxially stretching and heat-setting it to obtain processability and productivity. can be further improved, and it is possible to achieve the desired physical properties effect in the present invention in an economical and efficient way.
- a first resin including a first polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and a second polylactic acid (PLA) are included. It may include the step of preparing the second resin (S110).
- the first resin includes first polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), and their content or mixing weight ratio is as described above.
- a filler may be further added to improve slip properties and quality.
- the type, content and particle size of the filler are the same as described above.
- the second resin includes a second polylactic acid (PLA).
- the second polylactic acid (PLA) is as described above.
- the manufacturing method (S100) of the laminate may include a step (S120) of melting and co-extruding the first resin and the second resin to obtain a two-layer laminated sheet.
- the extrusion temperature of the first resin and the second resin may be adjusted, respectively.
- the extrusion temperature of the first resin and the extrusion temperature of the second resin may be the same or different, and the difference between the extrusion temperature of the first resin and the extrusion temperature of the second resin may be 80° C. or less. Specifically, the difference between the extrusion temperature of the first resin and the extrusion temperature of the second resin may be 60 °C or less, 50 °C or less, or 40 °C or less.
- the extrusion temperature of the first resin may be, for example, 180 °C to 250 °C
- the extrusion temperature of the second resin may be, for example, 180 °C to 270 °C.
- the two-layer laminated sheet can be obtained by closely contacting the cooling roll cooled to about 10°C to 40°C.
- the method may further include drying the first resin and the second resin before the melt co-extrusion.
- the drying step may be required or may be omitted depending on the type of extruder.
- melt co-extrusion may be performed.
- the drying step may be performed, for example, at 40° C. to 130° C. for 4 hours to 24 hours.
- the manufacturing method (S100) of the laminate may include biaxial stretching and heat setting of the laminated sheet to obtain a laminate (S130).
- the two-layer laminated sheet may be biaxially stretched, and in the biaxial stretching step, for example, after preheating at 50°C to 80°C, at 40°C to 100°C, 2 to 4 times longitudinally (MD). It may include the step of stretching and stretching 3 to 5 times in the transverse direction (MD) at 50 °C to 110 °C.
- the thickness deviation of the laminate is severe, the strength of one side during stretching may be reduced, and thermal properties may also be deteriorated.
- the heat setting step may be performed at 50 °C to 150 °C, 70 °C to 150 °C, 100 °C to 150 °C, or 120 °C to 150 °C.
- the manufacturing method (S100) of the laminate may further form a corona layer, a coating layer, or both of them on the other surface of the first layer.
- the corona layer may be formed by corona treatment of the first layer.
- corona discharge occurs when a high-frequency-high voltage output is applied between the discharge electrode and the treatment roll, and at this time, the corona treatment can be performed by passing the desired surface.
- the corona discharge intensity may be, for example, 3 to 20 kW.
- the corona discharge treatment effect may be insignificant, and conversely, when the corona discharge intensity exceeds the above range, surface damage may be caused by excessive surface modification.
- the configuration and physical properties of the corona layer are the same as described above.
- a coating layer may be formed on the other surface of the first layer.
- the coating layer may include a primer coating layer, and the primer coating layer includes at least one selected from the group consisting of ammonium-based compounds, phosphoric acid-based compounds, and polymers such as acrylic resins and urethane-based resins on the other surface of the first layer.
- the primer coating layer includes at least one selected from the group consisting of ammonium-based compounds, phosphoric acid-based compounds, and polymers such as acrylic resins and urethane-based resins on the other surface of the first layer.
- the primer coating layer may form a corona layer on the other surface of the first layer, or if the laminate includes the corona layer, a corona layer on the other surface of the first layer, and the primer coating layer on the other surface of the corona layer. have.
- the primer composition may contain a curing agent component, and more specific examples include 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM), aromatic diamine, and mixtures thereof.
- DDM 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane
- the amount of the curing agent component may be added in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight based on the total weight of the primer composition.
- the primer treatment method a conventional method used in the art may be used, for example, a spray spray method, brushing, rolling, etc. may be used. Specifically, using an airless spray, the primer composition is sprayed onto the surface of the first layer under the conditions of an induction time of 1 to 30 minutes, a spraying pressure of 5 to 500 Mpa, a nozzle diameter of 0.46 to 0.58 mm, and a spraying angle of 40 to 80°. can do.
- a surface treatment such as plasma treatment, ultraviolet irradiation treatment, frame (flame) treatment, or saponification treatment may be appropriately performed.
- the laminate When the laminate is manufactured according to the manufacturing method of the embodiment, it may be more effective to prepare a laminate having a desired configuration and physical properties.
- the biaxially oriented film comprises polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), based on the total weight of the biaxially oriented film, greater than 0% by weight to less than 30% by weight of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), and when the thickness of the film is 19 to 21 ⁇ m, the flexible noise composite index (LSN) represented by Formula 1-1 is 20 or less, Eco-friendly packaging can be provided.
- PLA polylactic acid
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- a laminate in another embodiment, includes a first layer comprising a first polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA); and a second layer disposed on one surface of the first layer and comprising a second polylactic acid (PLA), wherein the first layer is more than 0% by weight based on the total weight of the first layer.
- An eco-friendly packaging material comprising less than 30% by weight of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may be provided.
- the eco-friendly packaging material may, for example, be in the form of a film that can be used as a general disposable packaging material and food packaging material, and may be in the form of a fiber that can be used as a fabric, knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, rope, etc., such as a lunch box, etc. It may be in the form of a container that can be used as a container for packaging food.
- the eco-friendly packaging material can provide excellent physical properties and quality by including a laminate having excellent strength and flexibility, excellent optical properties such as transparency and thermal properties, and low noise level.
- a packaging material having environmentally friendly properties since it is biodegradable and completely decomposed during landfill to provide a packaging material having environmentally friendly properties, it can be used as a packaging material in various fields to exhibit excellent properties.
- the mixture of polylactic acid (PLA) and amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is polylactic acid (PLA) and amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) in the final film.
- Mixing was performed so that the weight ratio of 97:3 was, and the content of silica was 0.1% by weight based on the total weight of the biaxially oriented film.
- the mixed resin was melt-extruded through an extruder having a temperature of 220°C, and then adhered to a cooling roll cooled to 20°C to obtain a sheet.
- the sheet thus obtained was immediately preheated to 55°C and then stretched three times in the longitudinal direction (MD) by passing a roll through a stretching section at 70°C.
- the stretched film was stretched 4 times in the transverse direction (TD) in the stretching section of the tenter divided into 2 zones, in which the average temperature of the initial 30% section was 85 °C and the average temperature of the late 70% section was 100 °C. .
- the stretched sheet was heat-set at 150° C. in the heat treatment section of the tenter to prepare a biaxially oriented film having a thickness of 19.98 ⁇ m.
- Example 1-1 As shown in Table 1 below, Example 1-1 above, except that the weight ratio of polylactic acid (PLA) and amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) was mixed to be 95:5 in the final biaxially oriented film.
- a biaxially oriented film was prepared in the same manner as described above.
- Example 1-1 As shown in Table 1 below, in Example 1-1, except that the weight ratio of polylactic acid (PLA) and amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) was mixed to be 90:10 in the final biaxially oriented film.
- a biaxially oriented film was prepared in the same manner as described above.
- Example 1-1 As shown in Table 1 below, Example 1-1 above, except that the weight ratio of polylactic acid (PLA) and amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) in the final biaxially oriented film was 80:20.
- a biaxially oriented film was prepared in the same manner as described above.
- a biaxially oriented film was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-3, except that a crystalline polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) resin (CJ Corporation, Korea) was used instead of the amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA). prepared.
- PHA crystalline polyhydroxyalkanoate
- a biaxially oriented film was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that only a polylactic acid (PLA) resin was used.
- PLA polylactic acid
- Example 1- In the same manner as in 1, a biaxially oriented film was prepared.
- Example 1-3 The same mixed resin of polylactic acid (PLA) and amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) as in Example 1-3 was melt-extruded through an extruder at a temperature of 220°C, and then adhered to a cooling roll cooled to 20°C. After obtaining the sheet, after stretching three times in the longitudinal direction (MD), the stretched sheet was heat-set at 150° C. in the heat treatment section of the tenter, to prepare a uniaxially oriented film.
- PVA polylactic acid
- PHA amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate
- Step 1 Preparing the first resin and the second resin
- the mixture of the first polylactic acid (PLA) and the amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is the first polylactic acid (PLA) and the amorphous polyhydroxy acid in the final first layer.
- Mixing was performed so that the weight ratio of alkanoate (PHA) was about 97:3, and the content of silica was about 500 ppm based on the total weight of the first layer.
- a second polylactic acid (PLA) resin (Nature Works LLC, 4060D), which is a random copolymer of L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid and has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of about 52°C, was prepared.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- Table 2 the mixing of L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid is the weight ratio of poly-L-lactic acid (L-PLA) and poly-D-lactic acid (D-PLA) of the final second layer. Mixing was carried out so that is about 90:10.
- Step 2 Melt coextrusion to obtain a two-layer laminated sheet
- the first resin and the second resin obtained in step 1 were dried at about 50° C. for about 5 hours using a dehumidifying dryer to remove moisture, respectively, and then melted and co-extruded through a single extruder to obtain a two-layer laminated sheet. got it At this time, the extrusion temperature of the first resin was about 210 °C, the extrusion temperature of the second resin was about 220 °C.
- Step 3 Biaxial stretching and heat setting to obtain a laminate
- Example 2 As shown in Table 2 below, a laminate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 - 1, except that in Step 1 of Example 2 - 1, the composition of the final first layer and the second layer were different. .
- step 1 of Example 2-3 a crystalline polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) resin (CJ Corporation, Korea) was used instead of the amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), and the final A laminate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2-3, except that the composition of the second layer was changed.
- PHA crystalline polyhydroxyalkanoate
- Example 2 stacking was performed in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that only the first polylactic acid (PLA) resin was used as a component of the first layer in step 1 of Example 2-1. sieve was prepared.
- PVA polylactic acid
- Example 2-1 As shown in Table 2 below, except for changing the composition of the final first layer and the second layer in step 1 of Example 2-1, a laminate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2-1. .
- step 1 of Example 2-1 the second layer was formed using polytriethylene terephthalate (PTT) instead of a random copolymer of L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid.
- PTT polytriethylene terephthalate
- the thickness d (nm) of the film was measured by an electric micrometer (Millitron 1245D, manufacturer: Fine Lup). ) was used to measure the thickness at intervals of 5 cm in the width direction, and the thickness deviation was calculated by the following Equation 3.
- the thickness d (nm) of the laminate was measured by an electric micrometer (Millitron 1245D, manufacturer: Par After measuring the thickness at intervals of 5 cm in the width direction using the
- Thickness deviation maximum thickness in width direction - minimum thickness in width direction
- TS MD is the tensile strength in the longitudinal direction of the biaxially oriented film specimen or laminate specimen
- TS TD is the tensile strength in the transverse direction of the biaxially oriented film specimen or laminate specimen.
- the modulus in the longitudinal direction (MD) and the modulus in the transverse direction (TD) of the biaxially oriented film specimen or the laminate specimen were measured, respectively.
- L 25 is the initial length (mm) of the biaxially oriented film specimen at 25 ° C
- L 100 is the length (mm) of the biaxially oriented film specimen measured immediately after staying in a hot air machine at 100° C. for 5 minutes.
- L 25 is the initial length (mm) of the laminate specimen at 25 ° C
- L 100 is the length (mm) of the laminate specimen measured immediately after staying in a hot air machine at 100° C. for 5 minutes.
- S MD 100 is the thermal contraction rate in the longitudinal direction of the biaxially oriented film specimen or laminate specimen
- S TD 100 is the thermal contraction rate in the transverse direction of the biaxially oriented film specimen or laminate specimen.
- Haze and light transmittance were analyzed using a haze meter (Haze gardner, Gardner BYK) based on ASTM D1003 for each of the biaxially oriented films and laminates prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples.
- the class 2 sound level meter or higher sound level meter (auditory correction circuit: A characteristic, dynamic characteristic: fast mode) specified in KS C IEC61672-1 in the direction of the noise source, and set it to a height of 1.2 to 1.5 m from the ground. (If there is an obstacle exceeding 1.5 m in height at the measurement point, at a point 1.0 to 3.5 m in the direction of the noise source) The maximum noise level when shaking with a furnace was measured once. The average noise level (dB) was obtained by measuring the noise level 5 times in the same way.
- a class 2 sound level meter or higher sound level meter (hearing correction circuit: A characteristic, dynamic characteristic: fast mode) specified in KS C IEC61672-1 is directed in the direction of the noise source, and is 1.2 to 1.5 m from the ground.
- a characteristic, dynamic characteristic: fast mode specified in KS C IEC61672-1 is directed in the direction of the noise source, and is 1.2 to 1.5 m from the ground.
- a laminate specimen with a width of 21 cm and a length of 29.5 cm was folded and unfolded 10 times for 10 seconds.
- the average noise level (dB) was obtained by measuring the noise level 5 times in the same way.
- each of a loop-shaped biaxially oriented film specimen and a laminate specimen having a width of 1.5 cm and a length of 18 cm was fixed to a loop measuring device (Loop Stiffness Tester, TOYOSEIKI) according to ASTM D747, and the load at the center of the loop was measured. .
- LS MD is the loop stiffness in the longitudinal direction of the biaxially oriented film specimen or laminate specimen
- LS TD is the loop stiffness in the transverse direction of the biaxially oriented film specimen or laminate specimen.
- the N AVG is a biaxially oriented film specimen with a width of 21 cm and a length of 29.5 cm at a height of 1.2 to 1.5 m from the ground by pointing the class 2 sound level meter specified in KS C IEC 61672-1 in the direction of the noise source, 120 times/min for 1 minute. It is a value excluding units from the average noise level (dB) calculated by measuring the maximum noise level when shaking at a speed of 5 times each,
- the LS is based on ASTM D747, a loop-shaped biaxially oriented film specimen having a width of 1.5 cm and a length of 18 cm is fixed to a loop measurement device (Loop Stiffness Tester) and the load at the center of the loop is measured in the loop stiffness (gf), It is a number excluding units.
- LSN MD is the noise composite index in the longitudinal direction of the biaxially oriented film
- LSN TD is the noise composite index in the transverse direction of the biaxially oriented film.
- the flexible noise composite index (LSN) of the laminate represented by the following Equation 2-1 was obtained using the noise level and loop stiffness of Evaluation Examples 6 and 7.
- the N AVG directed the class 2 sound level meter specified in KS C IEC61672-1 in the direction of the noise source, and at a point of 1.2 to 1.5 m above the ground, a laminate specimen having a width of 21 cm and a length of 29.5 cm was crumpled and unfolded 10 times for 10 seconds. It is a value excluding units from the average noise level (dB) calculated by measuring the maximum noise level during repetition 5 times,
- the LS is the loop stiffness (gf), in which the load at the center of the loop is measured by fixing a loop-shaped laminate specimen having a width of 1.5 cm and a length of 18 cm to a loop measuring device (Loop Stiffness Tester) according to ASTM D747, unit is a number excluding
- LSN MD is the flexible noise composite index in the longitudinal direction of the laminate
- LSN TD is the flexible noise composite index in the transverse direction of the laminate.
- TS made a biaxially oriented film specimen according to ASTM D882, cut it to a length of 100 mm and a width of 15 mm, and mounted it so that the length between the chucks was 50 mm, and the tensile strength (kgf) of the specimen measured using a universal machine (UTM) In /mm2), it is a number excluding the unit,
- LS is as defined above.
- TS is cut to about 100 mm in length and 15 mm in width according to ASTM D882 to make a laminate specimen, and then mounted so that the distance between chucks becomes 50 mm, and the tensile strength (kgf) measured at room temperature using the universal testing machine (UTM) In /mm2), it is a number excluding the unit,
- LS is as defined above.
- FI MD is the molding index in the longitudinal direction of the biaxially oriented film specimen or laminate specimen
- FI TD is the forming index in the transverse direction of the biaxially oriented film specimen or laminate specimen.
- the biaxially oriented films of Examples 1-1 to 1-5 had a tensile strength in an appropriate range of 9 to 25 kgf/mm 2 , and a loop stiffness of 0.1 to 0.23 gf, which was excellent in flexibility.
- the noise level was as low as 86 dB or less, and even at a high temperature of 100° C., the thermal contraction rate was very low (15% or less), and both mechanical properties and thermal properties were excellent.
- the tensile strength was significantly reduced to about 4 to 6 kgf / mm 2 , and at a high temperature of 100 ° C.
- the thermal contraction rate was significantly increased to 17 to 20%.
- the haze was also increased to 14% or more, and the optical properties were significantly lowered to about 85% of the light transmittance.
- the thickness deviation was 11.3 ⁇ m, It increased by more than 250%, the strength in the non-stretched transverse direction (TD) was significantly decreased, and the thermal contraction rate also increased by more than 40%.
- the biaxially oriented films of Examples 1-1 to 1-4 containing amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) had haze as low as 6.8% or less, and light transmittance of 90% or more, whereas crystalline polyhydric films were excellent.
- haze was increased compared to the biaxially oriented film of Examples 1-3 containing the same amount of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA). and the light transmittance was lowered, and the optical properties were lowered.
- a first layer comprising a first polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), and a first layer comprising polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) in a specific content range
- PHA polylactic acid
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the laminate of the embodiment including the second layer containing the second polylactic acid (PLA) it has excellent strength and flexibility at the same time, excellent thermal properties, improved noise level, and the first and second layers
- the interlayer compatibility was good, and the interlayer adhesive properties were also excellent.
- the laminates of Examples 2-1 to 2-6 had a low noise level of 86 dB or less, and had a loop stiffness of 0.1 to 0.2 gf, which was very excellent in flexibility.
- the tensile strength (TS MD ) in the longitudinal direction (MD) has an appropriate range of 7 to 14 kgf / mm 2 , the thermal contraction rate is very low as 15% or less even at a high temperature of 100 ° C., haze 10% or less and light transmittance 90%
- mechanical properties, thermal properties and optical properties were all excellent.
- the laminate of Examples 2-1 to 2-6 includes a first layer including a first polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA); and a second layer disposed on one surface of the first layer and including a second polylactic acid (PLA), so that the compatibility was good and the adhesive properties of the first layer and the second layer were excellent even after stretching.
- PLA polylactic acid
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the laminate of Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3 Although mechanical properties, thermal properties, optical properties, noise level and flexibility were improved compared to the sieve, the thickness deviation of the laminate was relatively increased compared to the laminate of Example 2-3 having the same composition of the first layer, and heat Shrinkage increased. In addition, it was confirmed that the winding property was insufficient during film production and processing, and the workability and productivity were somewhat lowered.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (14)
- 폴리락트산(PLA) 및 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)를 포함하고,이축연신 필름의 총 중량을 기준으로, 0 중량% 초과 내지 30 중량% 미만의 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)를 포함하고,상기 필름의 두께가 19 내지 21㎛일 때, 하기 식 1-1로 표시되는 유연소음 복합 지수(LSN)가 20 이하인, 이축연신 필름:<식 1-1> 유연소음 복합 지수(LSN) = NAVG X LS상기 식 1-1에서,상기 NAVG는 KS C IEC61672-1에서 정한 클래스 2 소음계를 소음원 방향으로 향하도록 하여, 지면 1.2 내지 1.5m 높이의 지점에서, 폭 21cm 및 길이 29.5cm의 이축연신 필름 시편을 1분간 120 회/min의 속도로 흔들 때의 최대 소음도를 각 5회 측정하여 산출한 평균 소음도(dB)에서, 단위를 제외한 수치이고,상기 LS는 ASTM D747에 의거하여, 폭 1.5cm 및 길이 18cm의 루프 형상의 이축연신 필름 시편을 루프 측정 장치(Loop Stiffness Tester)에 고정하여 루프 중심에서의 하중을 측정한 루프강성(gf)에서, 단위를 제외한 수치이다.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 NAVG가 86dB 이하이고,상기 LS가 0.10 내지 0.23gf인, 이축연신 필름.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,하기 식 1-3으로 표시되는 성형 지수(FI)가 65 이상인, 이축연신 필름:상기 식 1-3에서,TS는 ASTM D882 기준으로 길이 약 100 mm, 폭 15mm로 재단하여 시편을 만든 후, 척간거리가 50mm가 되도록 장착하여, 상기 시편을 만능기험기(UTM)를 이용하여 상온에서 측정한 인장강도(kgf/㎟)에서, 단위를 제외한 수치이고,상기 LS는 ASTM D747에 의거하여, 폭 1.5cm 및 길이 18cm의 루프 형상의 이축연신 필름 시편을 루프 측정 장치(Loop Stiffness Tester)에 고정하여 루프 중심에서의 하중을 측정한 루프강성(gf)에서, 단위를 제외한 수치이다.
- 제 3 항에 있어서,하기 특성 중에서 선택된 적어도 하나의 특성을 만족하는, 이축연신 필름:종방향(MD)의 유연소음 복합 지수(LSNMD) 5 내지 20;횡방향(TD)의 유연소음 복합 지수(LSNTD) 5 내지 20;종방향(MD)의 성형 지수(FIMD) 65 내지 90;횡방향(TD)의 성형 지수(FITD) 80 내지 110;종방향(MD)의 인장강도(TSMD) 9 내지 25kgf/㎟;횡방향(TD)의 인장강도(TSTD) 9 내지 25kgf/㎟;상기 필름의 전체폭의 두께에 대한 두께 편차 10㎛ 이하;헤이즈 10% 이하; 및하기 식 1-2로 표시되는 열수축률(S100) 15% 이하:상기 식 1-2에서,L25는 25℃에서 이축연신 필름 시편의 초기 길이(mm)이고,L100은 100℃의 열풍기에서 5분 동안 체류시킨 직후 측정한 이축연신 필름 시편의 길이(mm)이다.
- 제 5 항에 있어서,상기 공중합 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)는 상기 화학식 2의 단위를 상기 공중합 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA) 전체 중량을 기준으로 1 중량% 내지 60 중량% 포함하는, 이축연신 필름.
- 제1 폴리락트산(PLA) 및 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)를 포함하는 제1층; 및상기 제1층의 일면에 배치되고, 제2 폴리락트산(PLA)을 포함하는 제2층;을 포함하고,상기 제1층은 상기 제1층의 총 중량을 기준으로, 0 중량% 초과 내지 30 중량% 미만의 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)를 포함하는, 적층체.
- 제 8 항에 있어서,상기 공중합 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)는 상기 화학식 2의 단위를 상기 공중합 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA) 전체 중량을 기준으로 1 중량% 내지 60 중량% 포함하는, 적층체.
- 제 7 항에 있어서,상기 제2층은 상기 제2 폴리락트산의 L-이성질체 및 D-이성질체의 혼합물을 포함하고,상기 제2층은 상기 제2 폴리락트산의 총 중량을 기준으로 5 중량% 내지 30 중량%의 D-이성질체를 포함하는, 적층체.
- 제 7 항에 있어서,상기 제1층의 타면 상에 배치되는 코로나층, 코팅층, 또는 이들 둘 다를 더 포함하고,상기 코로나층은, 상기 제1층의 코로나 처리에 의해 형성되고, -CO, -COOH 및 -OH로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 극성 작용기를 포함하고,상기 제1층에서 상기 코로나 처리된 면에 대한 표면 장력이 38 dyn/cm 이상이며,상기 코팅층은 프라이머 코팅층을 포함하고,상기 프라이머 코팅층은 상기 제1층의 타면 또는 상기 코로나층의 타면 상에 프라이머 처리에 의해 형성되고, 표면저항이 0.1 내지 30 Ω/□인, 적층체.
- 제 7 항에 있어서,상기 적층체의 종방향(MD)의 인장강도(TSMD)가 7 내지 14kgf/㎟이고, 횡방향(TD)의 인장강도(TSTD)가 8 내지 20kgf/㎟이고,상기 제1층 및 제2층의 열접착 강도가 0.7 내지 2.0kgf/㎟인, 적층체.
- 제1 폴리락트산(PLA) 및 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)를 포함하는 제1 수지 및 제2 폴리락트산(PLA)을 포함하는 제2 수지를 준비하는 단계(단계 1);상기 제1 수지 및 상기 제2 수지를 용융 공압출하여 2층의 적층된 시트를 얻는 단계(단계 2); 및상기 적층된 시트를 이축연신하고 열고정하여 적층체를 얻는 단계(단계 3)를 포함하고,상기 적층체는, 제1 폴리락트산(PLA) 및 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)를 포함하는 제1층; 및상기 제1층의 일면에 배치되고, 제2 폴리락트산(PLA)을 포함하는 제2층;을 포함하고,상기 제1층은 상기 제1층의 총 중량을 기준으로, 0 중량% 초과 내지 30 중량% 미만의 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)를 포함하는, 적층체의 제조방법.
- 제 1 항의 이축연신 필름을 포함하는, 친환경 포장재.
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CN202280028254.7A CN117222527A (zh) | 2021-04-16 | 2022-04-11 | 双轴拉伸膜、层压体和包括该膜的环保包装材料 |
JP2023556878A JP2024511750A (ja) | 2021-04-16 | 2022-04-11 | 二軸延伸フィルム、積層体、およびそのフィルムを含む環境配慮型包装材 |
US18/550,460 US20240208191A1 (en) | 2021-04-16 | 2022-04-11 | Biaxially stretched film, laminate, and eco-friendly packaging material comprising film |
EP22788369.1A EP4324647A1 (en) | 2021-04-16 | 2022-04-11 | Biaxially stretched film, laminate, and eco-friendly packaging material comprising film |
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KR1020210050149A KR102514290B1 (ko) | 2021-04-16 | 2021-04-16 | 이축연신 필름 및 이를 포함하는 친환경 포장재 |
KR10-2021-0050149 | 2021-04-16 | ||
KR1020210062999A KR102670966B1 (ko) | 2021-05-14 | 2021-05-14 | 적층체 및 이의 제조방법 |
KR10-2021-0062999 | 2021-05-14 |
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EP (1) | EP4324647A1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP2024511750A (ko) |
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WO (1) | WO2022220513A1 (ko) |
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KR20150125052A (ko) * | 2014-04-29 | 2015-11-09 | (주)엘지하우시스 | 식품 포장용 발포 트레이 및 이의 제조방법 |
-
2022
- 2022-04-11 JP JP2023556878A patent/JP2024511750A/ja active Pending
- 2022-04-11 US US18/550,460 patent/US20240208191A1/en active Pending
- 2022-04-11 EP EP22788369.1A patent/EP4324647A1/en active Pending
- 2022-04-11 WO PCT/KR2022/005195 patent/WO2022220513A1/ko active Application Filing
- 2022-04-15 TW TW111114509A patent/TW202248312A/zh unknown
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KR20030022859A (ko) * | 2000-07-20 | 2003-03-17 | 미쓰비시 폴리에스테르 필름 지엠비에치 | 시클로올레핀 공중합체를 함유하는 표면부착성이 우수한불투명 폴리에스테르 필름, 그 제조방법 및 그 용도 |
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KR20150120983A (ko) * | 2013-02-18 | 2015-10-28 | 유.에스. 퍼시픽 논우븐스 인더스트리 리미티드 | 생분해성 필름 및 라미네이트 |
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TW202248312A (zh) | 2022-12-16 |
US20240208191A1 (en) | 2024-06-27 |
EP4324647A1 (en) | 2024-02-21 |
JP2024511750A (ja) | 2024-03-15 |
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