WO2022220488A1 - 파워모듈 및 그 제조방법 - Google Patents
파워모듈 및 그 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022220488A1 WO2022220488A1 PCT/KR2022/005040 KR2022005040W WO2022220488A1 WO 2022220488 A1 WO2022220488 A1 WO 2022220488A1 KR 2022005040 W KR2022005040 W KR 2022005040W WO 2022220488 A1 WO2022220488 A1 WO 2022220488A1
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- conductive spacer
- ceramic substrate
- electrode pattern
- semiconductor chip
- power module
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W40/00—Arrangements for thermal protection or thermal control
- H10W40/20—Arrangements for cooling
- H10W40/25—Arrangements for cooling characterised by their materials
- H10W40/255—Arrangements for cooling characterised by their materials having a laminate or multilayered structure, e.g. direct bond copper [DBC] ceramic substrates
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W70/00—Package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers [RDL]
- H10W70/20—Conductive package substrates serving as an interconnection, e.g. metal plates
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W70/00—Package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers [RDL]
- H10W70/20—Conductive package substrates serving as an interconnection, e.g. metal plates
- H10W70/24—Conductive package substrates serving as an interconnection, e.g. metal plates characterised by materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W70/00—Package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers [RDL]
- H10W70/60—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W70/00—Package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers [RDL]
- H10W70/60—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers
- H10W70/62—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers characterised by their interconnections
- H10W70/65—Shapes or dispositions of interconnections
- H10W70/658—Shapes or dispositions of interconnections for devices provided for in groups H10D8/00 - H10D48/00
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W70/00—Package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers [RDL]
- H10W70/60—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers
- H10W70/67—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers characterised by their insulating layers or insulating parts
- H10W70/69—Insulating materials thereof
- H10W70/692—Ceramics or glasses
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- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W72/00—Interconnections or connectors in packages
- H10W72/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10W72/013—Manufacture or treatment of die-attach connectors
- H10W72/01361—Chemical or physical modification, e.g. by sintering or anodisation
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W72/00—Interconnections or connectors in packages
- H10W72/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10W72/019—Manufacture or treatment of bond pads
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W72/00—Interconnections or connectors in packages
- H10W72/071—Connecting or disconnecting
- H10W72/073—Connecting or disconnecting of die-attach connectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W72/00—Interconnections or connectors in packages
- H10W72/30—Die-attach connectors
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W72/00—Interconnections or connectors in packages
- H10W72/90—Bond pads, in general
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W74/00—Encapsulations, e.g. protective coatings
- H10W74/10—Encapsulations, e.g. protective coatings characterised by their shape or disposition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W74/00—Encapsulations, e.g. protective coatings
- H10W74/10—Encapsulations, e.g. protective coatings characterised by their shape or disposition
- H10W74/111—Encapsulations, e.g. protective coatings characterised by their shape or disposition the semiconductor body being completely enclosed
- H10W74/127—Encapsulations, e.g. protective coatings characterised by their shape or disposition the semiconductor body being completely enclosed characterised by arrangements for sealing or adhesion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W72/00—Interconnections or connectors in packages
- H10W72/071—Connecting or disconnecting
- H10W72/073—Connecting or disconnecting of die-attach connectors
- H10W72/07331—Connecting techniques
- H10W72/07336—Soldering or alloying
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W90/00—Package configurations
- H10W90/701—Package configurations characterised by the relative positions of pads or connectors relative to package parts
- H10W90/731—Package configurations characterised by the relative positions of pads or connectors relative to package parts of die-attach connectors
- H10W90/734—Package configurations characterised by the relative positions of pads or connectors relative to package parts of die-attach connectors between a chip and a stacked insulating package substrate, interposer or RDL
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power module and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a power module in which an electrode of a semiconductor chip and an electrode pattern of a ceramic substrate are electrically connected without a wire, and a method for manufacturing the same will be.
- a power module is a semiconductor module optimized for power conversion or control by modularizing a semiconductor chip into a package.
- the power module has a structure in which a substrate is placed on a base plate and a semiconductor chip is placed on the substrate.
- the semiconductor chip is electrically connected to the substrate by wire bonding (Bond-wire) made of gold (Au), copper (Cu), and aluminum (Al), and the substrate is also connected to the PCB by wire bonding.
- wire bonding made of gold (Au), copper (Cu), and aluminum (Al)
- Au gold
- Cu copper
- Al aluminum
- wire bonding have a configuration That is, a structure in which a power transfer line for electrical signal and power conversion is made by wire bonding.
- the present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and the present invention is capable of excluding high-power and high-current electrical hazards by electrically connecting electrodes of a semiconductor chip and an electrode pattern of a ceramic substrate through a conductive spacer without wires. It aims to provide a power module.
- a power module for achieving the above object includes a ceramic substrate on which an electrode pattern made of a metal is formed on at least one surface of a ceramic substrate, and a conductive spacer whose lower surface is bonded to the electrode pattern of the ceramic substrate; , a semiconductor chip to which an electrode is bonded to the upper surface of the conductive spacer, and a brazing filler layer for brazing bonding the electrode pattern of the ceramic substrate to the lower surface of the conductive spacer.
- the edge of the conductive spacer may be disposed adjacent to the edge of the electrode pattern.
- the conductive spacer has an 'L' shape, a first conductive spacer disposed adjacent to an edge of the 'L' shape in the electrode pattern, is spaced apart from the first conductive spacer, and a side surface of the first conductive spacer is a side surface of the first conductive spacer and a second conductive spacer facing the .
- the conductive spacer may have a curved surface by etching a side surface thereof, and a lower surface area may be formed to be larger than an upper surface area.
- the conductive spacer may be formed of at least one of Cu, Mo, CuMo alloy, and CuW alloy.
- the brazing filler layer may be formed of a material including at least one of Ag, Cu, AgCu, and AgCuTi.
- the electrode of the semiconductor chip may be bonded to the upper surface of the conductive spacer by a bonding layer including solder or silver paste.
- a method of manufacturing a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes preparing a ceramic substrate by forming an electrode pattern made of a metal on at least one surface of a ceramic substrate, preparing a conductive spacer, and forming a conductive spacer on the electrode pattern of the ceramic substrate It may include brazing bonding the lower surface of the , and bonding the electrode of the semiconductor chip to the upper surface of the conductive spacer.
- the conductive spacer may be prepared by etching the conductive spacer to have a curved side surface, and a conductive spacer having a larger lower surface area than the upper surface area.
- the conductive spacer may be formed of at least one of Cu, Mo, CuMo alloy, and CuW alloy.
- the brazing bonding may include disposing an edge of the conductive spacer adjacent to an edge of the electrode pattern.
- the brazing bonding step includes disposing a brazing filler layer having a thickness of 5 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less on the upper surface of the electrode pattern by any one of paste application, foil attachment, and P-filler; It may include melting and brazing the layer.
- the brazing filler layer may be made of a material including at least one of Ag, Cu, AgCu, and AgCuTi.
- the brazing step may be performed at 450° C. or higher.
- the bonding of the electrode of the semiconductor chip may include bonding the electrode of the semiconductor chip to the upper surface of the conductive spacer by any one of soldering and sintering.
- the present invention electrically connects an electrode of a semiconductor chip and an electrode pattern of a ceramic substrate through a conductive spacer without wires, thereby eliminating electrical risk factors that may occur during wire bonding and converting rated voltage and current, and It can increase reliability and efficiency when used.
- the height between the ceramic substrate and the semiconductor chip can be easily adjusted to correspond to the height of the molding die during the molding process.
- heat generated from the semiconductor chip is easily transferred to the ceramic substrate through the conductive spacer, so that heat dissipation efficiency can be increased.
- the lower surface of the conductive spacer is brazed to the electrode pattern of the ceramic substrate via a brazing filler layer, and the upper surface is joined to the electrode of the semiconductor chip via a bonding layer containing solder or silver paste to increase the bonding strength. High and high temperature reliability is excellent.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating a ceramic substrate and a conductive spacer in a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a state in which a semiconductor chip is disposed on a conductive spacer in a partial area indicated by A of FIG. 1 .
- FIG 3 is an enlarged perspective view illustrating a second conductive spacer in a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the second conductive spacer of FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 5 is a right side view illustrating a state in which an electrode of a semiconductor chip is disposed on a conductive spacer bonded to a ceramic substrate in a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a right side view illustrating a state in which an electrode of a semiconductor chip is bonded to a conductive spacer bonded to a ceramic substrate in a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating a ceramic substrate and a conductive spacer in a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a state in which a semiconductor chip is disposed on the conductive spacer in a partial area indicated by A of FIG. 1 to be.
- the power module 1 may include a ceramic substrate 100 , a conductive spacer 200 , and a semiconductor chip 300 , and a case (not shown). City) can be packaged in
- wire bonding is omitted by bonding the semiconductor chip 300 to the upper portion of the ceramic substrate 100 via the conductive spacer 200 . It is possible to exclude electrical hazards of high power and high current, and to improve heat dissipation performance.
- the ceramic substrate 100 may be any one of an Active Metal Brazing (AMB) substrate, a Direct Bonded Copper (DBC) substrate, and a Thick Printing Copper (TPC) substrate.
- AMB Active Metal Brazing
- DRC Direct Bonded Copper
- TPC Thick Printing Copper
- the ceramic substrate 100 may be provided as a ceramic substrate in which an electrode pattern 120 of a metal layer is formed on at least one surface of the ceramic substrate 110 to increase heat dissipation efficiency of heat generated from the semiconductor chip 300 .
- the ceramic substrate 110 may be, for example, any one of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), AlN, SiN, and Si 3 N 4 .
- the metal layer may be formed of an electrode pattern for mounting a semiconductor chip and an electrode pattern for mounting a driving element by brazing a metal foil on the ceramic substrate 110 .
- the metal layer may be formed as an electrode pattern in a region where a semiconductor chip or peripheral components are to be mounted.
- the metal foil may be an aluminum foil or a copper foil as an example. The metal foil is fired at 780° C. to 1100° C. on the ceramic substrate 110 to be brazed to the ceramic substrate 110 as an example.
- Such a substrate is called an AMB (Active Metal Brazing) substrate.
- an AMB substrate As an example, a DBC (Direct Bonding Copper) substrate, a TPC (Thick Printing Copper) substrate, and a DBA substrate (Direct Brazed Aluminum) may be applied.
- the AMB substrate is most suitable in terms of durability and heat dissipation efficiency.
- the ceramic substrate 100 may include a plurality of electrode patterns 120 separated from each other with a space on the same surface of the ceramic substrate 110 .
- the plurality of electrode patterns 120 includes a first electrode pattern 121 having an 'L' shape and a second electrode pattern 122 arranged to form a rectangular cross section together with the first electrode pattern 121 . can do.
- the first electrode pattern 121 and the second electrode pattern 122 may be formed by four on one surface of the ceramic substrate 110 , but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the shape and number of the electrode patterns 120 may be changed. have.
- At least one conductive spacer 200 may be provided, and a lower surface thereof may be bonded to the electrode pattern 120 of the ceramic substrate 100 .
- the conductive spacer 200 may have an edge adjacent to the edge of the electrode pattern 120 .
- the conductive spacer 200 has an 'L' shape, and includes a first conductive spacer 210 disposed adjacent to an edge of the 'L' shape of the first electrode pattern 121 , and a block-shaped second spacer 200 . It may be provided as a conductive spacer 220 .
- the second conductive spacer 220 is disposed adjacent to the edge of the second electrode pattern 122 , and spaced apart from the first conductive spacer 210 , the second conductive spacer 220 having a side surface facing the side surface of the first conductive spacer 210 .
- a conductive spacer 220 may be included.
- the first conductive spacer 210 and the second conductive spacer 220 may be formed by four corresponding to the number of the first and second electrode patterns 122 , but is not limited thereto.
- the conductive spacer 200 may be provided to electrically connect the ceramic substrate 100 and the semiconductor chip 300 , and to adjust a height between the ceramic substrate 100 and the semiconductor chip 300 .
- the conductive spacer 200 may be provided in the form of a small block having a size of 0.5 mmx0.5 mm or more and a thickness of 0.3 mm or more.
- the power module 1 may be sealed with an epoxy-based molding resin (not shown) in order to protect the semiconductor chip 300 from the external environment.
- the molding resin is melted under high temperature and high pressure and injected into a mold (not shown) in liquid form, and when cured, the semiconductor chip 300 is protected from external environments such as physical impact, moisture, and contamination, and the bonding state of each component is maintained. can be kept stable.
- the molding process uses a molding die, it is necessary to adjust the height between the ceramic substrate 100 and the semiconductor chip 300 to correspond to the height of the molding die. If the height between the ceramic substrate 100 and the semiconductor chip 300 is not properly adjusted to correspond to the height of the molding die, a problem may occur in the filling of the EMC (epoxy molding compound) into the mold. If the equipment such as the molding mold is replaced in correspondence with the height between the ceramic substrate 100 and the semiconductor chip 300 , it is not preferable because a large amount of cost is incurred.
- the power module according to the embodiment of the present invention corresponds to the height of the molding mold by disposing the conductive spacer 200 between the electrode pattern 120 of the ceramic substrate 100 and the electrodes 310 and 320 of the semiconductor chip 300 .
- the height between the ceramic substrate 100 and the semiconductor chip 300 can be easily adjusted.
- the height of the molding mold may be 3 mm to 4 mm, and the thickness of the conductive spacer 200 may be 0.3 mm or more.
- the present invention is much cheaper in terms of cost because the conductive spacer 200 is disposed in a portion of the electrode pattern 120 of the ceramic substrate 100 to which the electrodes 310 and 320 of the semiconductor chip 300 are bonded.
- productivity can be improved.
- the conductive spacer 200 may be used as a conductor to connect circuits. That is, in the conductive spacer 200 , the electrodes 310 and 320 of the semiconductor chip 300 are bonded to the upper surface in a state where the lower surface is brazed to the electrode pattern 120 of the ceramic substrate 100 , so that the semiconductor chip 300 without wires.
- the electrodes 310 and 320 may be electrically connected to the electrode pattern 120 of the ceramic substrate 100 .
- wire bonding can be omitted by directly connecting the electrodes 310 and 320 of the semiconductor chip 300 and the electrode pattern 120 of the ceramic substrate 100 using the conductive spacer 200 , wire bonding can be omitted. It is possible to convert the rated voltage and current while removing the electrical hazards that may occur during operation, and to increase reliability and efficiency when used in high power.
- the conductive spacer 200 may be made of at least one of Cu, Al, AlSiC, CuMo, CuW, Cu/CuMo/Cu, Cu/Mo/Cu, and Cu/W/Cu, or a composite material thereof.
- the conductive spacer 200 may be formed of at least one of Cu, Mo, CuMo alloy, and CuW alloy having excellent thermal expansion coefficient and thermal conductivity.
- the conductive spacer 200 may have a three-layer structure of Cu/CuMo/Cu.
- the three-layer structure of Cu/CuMo/Cu has high thermal conductivity, which is advantageous for heat dissipation, and has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, so that the gap between the ceramic substrate 100 and the semiconductor chip 300 can be stably maintained even at high temperatures, and the ceramic substrate 100 ), it is possible to minimize the occurrence of warpage during brazing bonding with the electrode pattern 120 .
- the conductive spacer 200 may be provided in a state in which thermal stress, thermal deformation, etc. are previously removed through heat treatment.
- thermal stress and thermal deformation are removed in advance, the thermal stress generated by thermal expansion and thermal contraction in the process of brazing the electrode pattern 120 and the conductive spacer 200 of the ceramic substrate 100 is relieved to improve the bonding strength. can do it
- the heat transfer effect may be improved.
- the semiconductor chip 300 includes at least one Si chip, a SiC chip, a GaN chip, a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), a junction field effect transistor (JFET), a high Electric Mobility Transistor) may be provided.
- MOSFET metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
- IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor
- JFET junction field effect transistor
- a first electrode 310 and a second electrode 320 may be provided on one surface of the semiconductor chip 300 .
- the first electrode 310 may be bonded to the top surface of the first conductive spacer 210
- the second electrode 320 may be bonded to the top surface of the second conductive spacer 220 .
- the first electrode 310 may be a source electrode of the semiconductor chip 300
- the second electrode 320 may be a gate electrode of the semiconductor chip 300 .
- the gate electrode is an electrode that turns on/off the semiconductor chip 300 using a low voltage
- the source electrode is an electrode through which a high current enters and exits.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view illustrating a second conductive spacer in a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the second conductive spacer of FIG. 3 .
- the area of the lower surface 222 of the second conductive spacer 220 may be larger than that of the upper surface 221 .
- the second conductive spacer 220 may be formed by etching, and the side surface 223 may be etched to form a curved surface.
- the upper surface 221 of the second conductive spacer 220 is preferably formed in an area corresponding to the second electrode 320 of the semiconductor chip 300 . If the upper surface 221 of the second conductive spacer 220 is narrower than the area of the second electrode 320 , bonding may be difficult.
- the upper surface 221 of the second conductive spacer 220 may be formed to have a size of 0.6 mmx0.6 mm corresponding to the second electrode 320
- the lower surface may be formed to have a size of 1.2 mmx1.2 mm to correspond to the second electrode 320 .
- the lower surface 222 is preferably formed to have a larger area than the upper surface. do.
- the first conductive spacer 210 may also be formed by etching like the second conductive spacer 220 , whereby the side surface is etched to form a curved surface, and the area of the lower surface is smaller than that of the upper surface. can be made larger.
- the conductive spacer 200 may be processed to an appropriate size by etching, and further machining may be performed if necessary.
- FIG. 5 is a right side view illustrating a state in which electrodes of a semiconductor chip are disposed on a conductive spacer bonded to a ceramic substrate in a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a view in the power module according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a right side view showing a state in which an electrode of a semiconductor chip is bonded to a conductive spacer bonded to a ceramic substrate.
- the lower surface of the conductive spacer 200 may be brazed to the electrode pattern 120 of the ceramic substrate 100 via a brazing filler layer 400 , and the upper surface of the conductive spacer 200 may be a bonding layer. It may be bonded to the electrodes 310 and 320 of the semiconductor chip 300 via 500 .
- the brazing filler layer 400 is a braze bonding between the electrode pattern 120 of the ceramic substrate 100 and the lower surface of the conductive spacer 200, and may be made of a material including at least one of Ag, Cu, AgCu, and AgCuTi. .
- Ag and Cu have high thermal conductivity, they serve to increase bonding strength and at the same time facilitate heat transfer between the ceramic substrate 100 and the conductive spacer 200 to increase heat dissipation efficiency.
- Ti has good wettability so that Ag and Cu can be easily attached to the electrode pattern 120 of the ceramic substrate 100 .
- the brazing filler layer 400 may be formed as a thin film having a multilayer structure.
- the multi-layered thin film is intended to improve the bonding strength by supplementing the insufficient performance.
- the brazing filler layer 400 may have a two-layer structure including an Ag layer and a Cu layer formed on the Ag layer.
- the brazing filler layer 400 may have a three-layer structure including a Ti layer, an Ag layer formed on the Ti layer, and a Cu layer formed on the Ag layer.
- the boundary between the multilayer structure may be blurred. Brazing bonding may be performed at 450° C. or higher.
- the bonding layer 500 is for bonding the electrodes 310 and 320 of the semiconductor chip 300 and the upper surface of the conductive spacer 200 , and may include solder or silver paste.
- the ceramic substrate 100 may be warped because two brazing processes must be performed.
- the upper surface of the conductive spacer 200 is preferably bonded to the electrodes 310 and 320 of the semiconductor chip 300 by the bonding layer 500 including solder or silver paste.
- the solder may be formed of a SnPb-based, SnAg-based, SnAgCu-based, or Cu-based solder paste having high bonding strength and excellent high-temperature reliability.
- Silver paste has better high-temperature reliability and higher thermal conductivity than solder.
- the silver paste preferably contains 90 to 99% by weight of Ag powder and 1 to 10% by weight of a binder so as to have high thermal conductivity.
- the Ag powder is preferably nanoparticles. Ag powder of nanoparticles has high junction density and high thermal conductivity due to its high surface area.
- the power module 1 electrically connects the electrodes 310 and 320 of the semiconductor chip 300 with the electrode pattern 120 of the ceramic substrate 100 without wires through the conductive spacer 200 . It can be connected, and the height between the ceramic substrate 100 and the semiconductor chip 300 can be easily and variously adjusted corresponding to the molding die, thereby improving productivity.
- heat generated from the semiconductor chip 300 may be transferred to the ceramic substrate 100 through the conductive spacer 200 to increase heat dissipation efficiency.
- the lower surface of the conductive spacer 200 is brazed to the electrode pattern 120 of the ceramic substrate 100 via a brazing filler layer 400 , and the upper surface of the conductive spacer 200 is the semiconductor chip 300 via the bonding layer 500 . ) and the electrodes 310 and 320, so that the bonding strength is high and the high temperature reliability is excellent.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the method for manufacturing a power module includes the steps of preparing a ceramic substrate 100 by forming an electrode pattern 120 made of a metal on at least one surface of a ceramic substrate 110 ( S10), the step of preparing the conductive spacer 200 (S20), the step of brazing bonding the lower surface of the conductive spacer 200 to the electrode pattern 120 of the ceramic substrate 100 (S30), the conductive spacer ( A step (S40) of bonding the electrodes 310 and 320 of the semiconductor chip 300 to the upper surface of the 200 may be included.
- the ceramic substrate 100 may be any one of an Active Metal Brazing (AMB) substrate, a Direct Bonded Copper (DBC) substrate, and a Thick Printing Copper (TPC) substrate.
- AMB Active Metal Brazing
- DRC Direct Bonded Copper
- TPC Thick Printing Copper
- an electrode pattern 120 of a metal layer may be formed on at least one surface of the ceramic substrate 110 to increase heat dissipation efficiency of heat generated from the semiconductor chip 300 .
- the ceramic substrate 110 may be any one of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), AlN, SiN, and Si 3 N 4
- the electrode pattern 120 is formed by brazing aluminum foil or copper foil to the semiconductor chip 300 . It may be formed of an electrode pattern for mounting and an electrode pattern for mounting a driving element.
- the conductive spacer 200 may be prepared by etching the conductive spacer 200 to have a curved side surface and a larger bottom surface area than the top surface area.
- the etching may be performed by a wet etching process using a photoresist.
- the wet etching process has advantages in that the selectivity is excellent and the etching rate can be easily adjusted using the concentration and temperature of the etching solution.
- the conductive spacer 200 may be formed of at least one of Cu, Mo, a CuMo alloy, and a CuW alloy.
- the conductive spacer 200 may include a first conductive spacer 210 having an 'L' shape and a second conductive spacer 220 having a block shape.
- the brazing bonding step ( S30 ) may include disposing the edge of the conductive spacer 200 to be adjacent to the edge of the electrode pattern 120 of the ceramic substrate 100 .
- the first conductive spacer 210 may be disposed adjacent to the edge of the 'L' shape of the first electrode pattern 121 .
- the second conductive spacer 220 may be disposed adjacent to the edge of the second electrode pattern 122 .
- the second conductive spacer 220 may be spaced apart from the first conductive spacer 210 , and a side surface may face the side surface of the first conductive spacer 210 .
- the brazing bonding step (S20) is a brazing filler layer 400 having a thickness of 5 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less on the upper surface of the electrode pattern 120 by any one of paste application, foil attachment, and P-filler. ), and melting and brazing the brazing filler layer 400 .
- the brazing filler layer 400 may be made of a material including at least one of Ag, Cu, AgCu, and AgCuTi.
- the step of melting and brazing the brazing filler layer 400 may be performed at 450° C. or higher, increasing bonding strength during brazing, and applying upper weight or pressure to prevent voids from occurring.
- the electrode (S30) of the semiconductor chip 300 In the step (S30) of bonding the electrodes 310 and 320 of the semiconductor chip 300, the electrode (S30) of the semiconductor chip 300 to the upper surface of the conductive spacer 200 by any one of soldering and sintering. 310 and 320) can be bonded.
- the ceramic substrate 100 may be warped because two brazing processes must be performed.
- the electrodes 310 and 320 of the semiconductor chip 300 are preferably bonded to the upper surface of the conductive spacer 200 by any one of soldering and sintering.
- the solder used for soldering may be made of a SnPb-based, SnAg-based, SnAgCu-based, or Cu-based solder paste having high bonding strength and excellent high-temperature reliability.
- the silver paste used for sintering has better high-temperature reliability and higher thermal conductivity than solder.
- the silver paste preferably contains 90 to 99% by weight of Ag powder and 1 to 10% by weight of a binder so as to have high thermal conductivity.
- the Ag powder is preferably nanoparticles. Ag powder of nanoparticles has high junction density and high thermal conductivity due to its high surface area.
- the electrodes 310 and 320 of the semiconductor chip 300 can be electrically connected to the electrode pattern 120 of the ceramic substrate 100 without wires through the conductive spacer 200, and , it is possible to easily and variously adjust the height between the ceramic substrate 100 and the semiconductor chip 300 corresponding to the molding mold, thereby improving productivity.
- heat generated from the semiconductor chip 300 may be transferred to the ceramic substrate 100 through the conductive spacer 200 to increase heat dissipation efficiency.
- the lower surface of the conductive spacer 200 is brazed to the electrode pattern 120 of the ceramic substrate 100 via a brazing filler layer 400 , and the upper surface of the conductive spacer 200 is the semiconductor chip 300 via the bonding layer 500 . ) and the electrodes 310 and 320, so that the bonding strength is high and the high temperature reliability is excellent.
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- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 세라믹 기재의 적어도 일면에 금속으로 이루어진 전극패턴이 형성된 세라믹 기판;하면이 상기 세라믹 기판의 전극패턴에 접합되는 전도성 스페이서;상기 전도성 스페이서의 상면에 전극이 접합되는 반도체 칩; 및상기 세라믹 기판의 전극패턴과 상기 전도성 스페이서의 하면을 브레이징 접합하는 브레이징 필러층;을 구비하는 파워모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 전도성 스페이서의 가장자리는 상기 전극패턴의 가장자리에 인접하도록 배치된 파워모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 전도성 스페이서는,'L'자 형태이고, 상기 전극패턴에서 'L'자 형태의 가장자리에 인접하도록 배치된 제1 전도성 스페이서; 및상기 제1 전도성 스페이서와 이격되어 배치되고, 측면이 상기 제1 전도성 스페이서의 측면과 마주하는 제2 전도성 스페이서를 포함하는 파워모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 전도성 스페이서는,측면이 식각되어 곡면으로 형성되며, 상면보다 하면의 면적이 더 크게 형성된 파워모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 전도성 스페이서는 Cu, Mo, CuMo 합금 및 CuW 합금 중 적어도 하나로 형성된 파워모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 브레이징 필러층은 Ag, Cu, AgCu 및 AgCuTi 중 적어도 하나를 포함하는 재료로 이루어지는 파워모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 반도체 칩의 전극은 솔더(Solder) 또는 은 페이스트(Ag Paste)를 포함하는 접합층에 의해 상기 전도성 스페이서의 상면에 접합되는 파워모듈.
- 세라믹 기재의 적어도 일면에 금속으로 이루어진 전극패턴을 형성하여 세라믹 기판을 준비하는 단계;전도성 스페이서를 준비하는 단계;상기 세라믹 기판의 전극패턴에 전도성 스페이서의 하면을 브레이징 접합하는 단계; 및상기 전도성 스페이서의 상면에 반도체 칩의 전극을 접합하는 단계;를 포함하는 파워모듈 제조방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 전도성 스페이서를 준비하는 단계는,상기 전도성 스페이서를 에칭하여 측면이 곡면으로 형성되고, 상면보다 하면의 면적이 더 크게 형성된 전도성 스페이서를 준비하는 파워모듈 제조방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 전도성 스페이서를 준비하는 단계에서,상기 전도성 스페이서는 Cu, Mo, CuMo 합금 및 CuW 합금 중 적어도 하나로 형성된 파워모듈 제조방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 브레이징 접합하는 단계는,상기 전도성 스페이서의 가장자리를 상기 전극패턴의 가장자리에 인접하도록 배치하는 단계를 포함하는 파워모듈 제조방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 브레이징 접합하는 단계는,페이스트 도포, 포일(foil) 부착, P-filler 중 어느 하나의 방법으로 상기 전극패턴의 상면에 5㎛ 이상 100㎛ 이하의 두께를 갖는 브레이징 필러층을 배치하는 단계; 및상기 브레이징 필러층을 용융시켜 브레이징하는 단계를 포함하는 파워모듈 제조방법.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 브레이징 필러층을 배치하는 단계에서,상기 브레이징 필러층은 Ag, Cu, AgCu 및 AgCuTi 중 적어도 하나를 포함하는 재료로 이루어지는 파워모듈 제조방법.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 브레이징하는 단계는,450℃ 이상에서 수행하는 파워모듈 제조방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 반도체 칩의 전극을 접합하는 단계는,솔더링(Soldering) 및 소결(Sintering) 중 어느 하나의 방법으로 상기 전도성 스페이서의 상면에 상기 반도체 칩의 전극을 접합하는 파워모듈 제조방법.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202280028439.8A CN117121194A (zh) | 2021-04-14 | 2022-04-07 | 电源模块及其制造方法 |
| US18/287,012 US20240194581A1 (en) | 2021-04-14 | 2022-04-07 | Power module and manufacturing method therefor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR10-2021-0048148 | 2021-04-14 | ||
| KR1020210048148A KR102588851B1 (ko) | 2021-04-14 | 2021-04-14 | 파워모듈 및 그 제조방법 |
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|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240194581A1 (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR102588851B1 (ko) |
| CN (1) | CN117121194A (ko) |
| WO (1) | WO2022220488A1 (ko) |
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| KR20190110376A (ko) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-09-30 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 양면냉각형 파워 모듈 및 그의 제조 방법 |
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| JP2018101664A (ja) * | 2016-12-19 | 2018-06-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
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| US11075137B2 (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2021-07-27 | Semiconductor Components Industries, Llc | High power module package structures |
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2021
- 2021-04-14 KR KR1020210048148A patent/KR102588851B1/ko active Active
-
2022
- 2022-04-07 CN CN202280028439.8A patent/CN117121194A/zh active Pending
- 2022-04-07 WO PCT/KR2022/005040 patent/WO2022220488A1/ko not_active Ceased
- 2022-04-07 US US18/287,012 patent/US20240194581A1/en active Pending
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| JP2019071399A (ja) * | 2016-11-21 | 2019-05-09 | ローム株式会社 | パワーモジュールおよびその製造方法、グラファイトプレート、および電源装置 |
| KR20190110376A (ko) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-09-30 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 양면냉각형 파워 모듈 및 그의 제조 방법 |
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| WO2021049039A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-13 | 2021-03-18 | 株式会社デンソー | 半導体装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20240194581A1 (en) | 2024-06-13 |
| KR20220141977A (ko) | 2022-10-21 |
| KR102588851B1 (ko) | 2023-10-16 |
| CN117121194A (zh) | 2023-11-24 |
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