WO2022210847A1 - リチウム含有溶液の製造方法 - Google Patents
リチウム含有溶液の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022210847A1 WO2022210847A1 PCT/JP2022/015851 JP2022015851W WO2022210847A1 WO 2022210847 A1 WO2022210847 A1 WO 2022210847A1 JP 2022015851 W JP2022015851 W JP 2022015851W WO 2022210847 A1 WO2022210847 A1 WO 2022210847A1
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- lithium
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- elution
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002641 lithium Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 166
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 51
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[6-[4-(5-chloro-6-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-5-methyl-3-(1-methylindazol-5-yl)pyrazol-1-yl]-2-azaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl]prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound ClC=1C(=C2C=NNC2=CC=1C)C=1C(=NN(C=1C)C1CC2(CN(C2)C(C=C)=O)C1)C=1C=C2C=NN(C2=CC=1)C AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910009343 Li1.33 Mn1.67 O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GTKRFUAGOKINCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorosilver;silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Ag]Cl GTKRFUAGOKINCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chlorite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl=O UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960002218 sodium chlorite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/22—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means, or by thermal decomposition
- C22B3/24—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means, or by thermal decomposition by adsorption on solid substances, e.g. by extraction with solid resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D15/00—Lithium compounds
- C01D15/04—Halides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/26—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism
- B01D15/36—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving ionic interaction
- B01D15/361—Ion-exchange
- B01D15/362—Cation-exchange
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/02—Processes using inorganic exchangers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/08—Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/10—Oxides or hydroxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J49/00—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor
- B01J49/50—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor characterised by the regeneration reagents
- B01J49/53—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor characterised by the regeneration reagents for cationic exchangers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G45/00—Compounds of manganese
- C01G45/003—Preparation involving a liquid-liquid extraction, an adsorption or an ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G45/00—Compounds of manganese
- C01G45/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G45/00—Compounds of manganese
- C01G45/12—Manganates manganites or permanganates
- C01G45/1221—Manganates or manganites with a manganese oxidation state of Mn(III), Mn(IV) or mixtures thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/10—Obtaining alkali metals
- C22B26/12—Obtaining lithium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/44—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a lithium-containing solution. More specifically, a lithium-containing solution capable of suppressing the manufacturing cost for lithium production by increasing the lithium content in the solution after the elution step and suppressing the amount of the elution solution used in the step after the elution step. related to the manufacturing method of
- Lithium manganate (LiMn 2 O 4 , Li 1.33 Mn 1.67 O 4 , Li 1.6 Mn 1.6 O 4 etc.) having a spinel structure is brought into contact with a mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid.
- the resulting ⁇ -MnO 2 (HMn 2 O 4 , H 1.33 Mn 1.67 O 4 , H 1.6 Mn 1.6 O 4 etc.) is known to selectively adsorb lithium. .
- this ⁇ -MnO 2 is used for lithium recovery, it has the advantage that the amount of neutralizing agent used can be greatly reduced in lithium recovery because ⁇ -MnO 2 does not adsorb impurities. For this reason, commercial use of this method is expected.
- a method for producing a lithium-containing solution using this ⁇ -MnO 2 is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- the above lithium-containing solution manufacturing method can reduce the amount of chemicals (especially neutralizing agents) used, and has a great cost advantage.
- further cost reduction is required for commercial use of the above manufacturing method.
- the acid concentration of the acid-containing solution added in the elution step must be maintained within a predetermined range.
- the amount of elution solution to be used is increased, and the equipment size after the elution process must be increased.
- the present invention increases the lithium content in the solution after the elution process, and suppresses the amount of the elution solution used in the process after the elution process, making it possible to reduce the manufacturing cost for lithium production. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a lithium-containing solution.
- the method for producing a lithium-containing solution of the first invention comprises an adsorption step of contacting a low-lithium-containing solution with a lithium adsorbent obtained from lithium manganate to obtain post-adsorption lithium manganate; an elution step of contacting the containing solution to obtain an elution solution; and a manganese oxidation step of obtaining a lithium-containing solution with a suppressed manganese concentration by oxidizing manganese by adding an oxidizing agent and a pH adjuster to the elution solution. , are performed in this order, and the acid-containing solution includes an acid added to the elution solution.
- the method for producing a lithium-containing solution of the second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, the acid-containing solution used in the elution step has a hydrogen ion concentration of 0.1 mol/L or more and 4.0 mol/L or less. The acid is added.
- a method for producing a lithium-containing solution according to a third invention is characterized in that, in the first invention or the second invention, the elution solution is repeatedly used 5 times or more and 11 times or less in the elution step.
- the amount of acid used in the elution step is suppressed by repeatedly using the elution solution in the acid-containing solution. Thereby, the production cost of the lithium-containing solution can be suppressed.
- the lithium content in the elution solution after the elution step can be increased, the total amount of the lithium-containing solution can be suppressed, and the equipment size in the post-process can be suppressed, and the process when lithium is obtained as a solid can be reduced. can reduce the load on
- the reaction in the elution step is efficiently carried out by adding the acid so that the hydrogen ion concentration of the acid-containing solution is within a predetermined range.
- the lithium content in the solution after the elution step can be further increased, and the total amount of the lithium-containing solution can be further reduced.
- the equipment size in the post-process can be further suppressed, and the amount of chemicals used in the post-process such as the manganese oxidation process can be further suppressed.
- FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a method for producing a lithium-containing solution according to one embodiment of the invention.
- the method for producing a lithium-containing solution according to the present invention includes an adsorption step of contacting a low-lithium-containing solution with a lithium adsorbent obtained from lithium manganate to obtain lithium manganate after adsorption; an elution step of contacting the containing solution to obtain an elution solution; and a manganese oxidation step of obtaining a lithium-containing solution with a suppressed manganese concentration by oxidizing manganese by adding an oxidizing agent and a pH adjuster to the elution solution.
- the acid-containing solution includes the elution solution to which an acid has been added.
- the amount of acid used in the elution process is suppressed. This can reduce the manufacturing cost of the lithium-containing solution.
- the content of lithium in the elution solution after the elution step can be increased, the load of the process for obtaining lithium as a solid can be reduced.
- the acid is preferably added so that the acid-containing solution used in the elution step has a hydrogen ion concentration of 0.1 mol/L or more and 4.0 mol/L or less.
- the reaction in the elution step becomes efficient.
- the elution solution is preferably used repeatedly 5 times or more and 11 times or less.
- the lithium content can be further increased, and the amount of chemical used in the manganese oxidation step can be further suppressed.
- FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of the method for producing a lithium-containing solution according to one embodiment of the present invention, and the description of the "pre-stage of the adsorption step" is located at the top of FIG. This is the stage where H 1.6 Mn 1.6 O 4 is obtained.
- Lithium manganate becomes a lithium adsorbent when subjected to an acid treatment.
- lithium manganate is expressed as Li 1.6 Mn 1.6 O 4 in Equation 1
- lithium manganate is not limited to this.
- Li1.33Mn1.67O4 can also be used. That is, when lithium manganate is Li 1.6 Mn 1.6 O 4 , the lithium adsorbent becomes H 1.6 Mn 1.6 O 4 , but lithium manganate is, for example, Li 1.33 Mn 1. 67 O 4 , the lithium adsorbent becomes H 1.33 Mn 1.67 O 4 .
- the acid used for the acid treatment was HCl, but it is not limited to this. For example, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, etc. can also be used.
- lithium manganate takes into account the adsorption of lithium in the adsorption step.
- lithium manganate can be in various shapes such as powder, particles obtained by granulating powder, and columns formed by spraying onto fibers of a column.
- Acid treatment yields, for example, H 1.6 Mn 1.6 O 4 as a lithium adsorbent.
- the shape of the lithium adsorbent is the same as that of lithium manganate before acid treatment.
- FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of a method for producing a lithium-containing solution according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the lithium adsorbent is brought into contact with the low lithium content solution, and lithium manganate after adsorption is obtained by the ion exchange reaction between H and Li shown in Equation 2.
- the lithium manganate obtained in the adsorption step is sometimes referred to as post-adsorption lithium manganate.
- Low-lithium-containing solutions include, for example, seawater or brackish water from salt lakes.
- seawater contains an average of 0.17 ppm of lithium.
- elements such as sodium, magnesium or calcium are dissolved in these low lithium content solutions.
- the low lithium-containing solution means that the amount of lithium per unit volume is smaller than that of the Li-containing solution described later.
- the contact method between the low-lithium-containing solution and the adsorbent differs depending on the shape of the adsorbent.
- the adsorbent is powdery
- a predetermined amount of adsorbent is added to the low lithium content solution and stirred for a predetermined time, so that the low lithium content solution and the adsorbent come into contact with each other, and lithium is adsorbed on the adsorbent.
- One method is to When the adsorbent is particulate, the particulate adsorbent is enclosed in the liquid-passing container, and the low lithium-containing solution is passed through, so that the low lithium-containing solution and the adsorbent come into contact with each other.
- One method is the adsorption of lithium.
- the adsorbent When the adsorbent is sprayed onto the fibers of the column, one method is to allow the low lithium content solution to pass through the column, thereby bringing the low lithium content solution into contact with the adsorbent and adsorbing lithium onto the adsorbent. mentioned.
- the low-lithium-containing solution When the low-lithium-containing solution is passed through, the solution may be passed repeatedly in order to ensure the number of contact times with the adsorbent.
- the adsorbent After going through the adsorption process, the adsorbent becomes lithium manganate after adsorption. Further, the low lithium content solution becomes a post-adsorption solution after lithium is adsorbed by the adsorbent. This post-adsorption liquid is discharged into the sea or lake from which the low lithium content solution was taken. At that time, the post-adsorption liquid is discharged after being treated to a state suitable for discharge, such as neutralization.
- the acid-containing solution includes a solution of a single acid such as hydrochloric acid, and an elution solution obtained through the elution process once with an acid added.
- the elution process is divided into a plurality of stages. In the first stage, the acid-containing solution is a solution of simple acid, and in the second and subsequent stages, the elution solution obtained in the preceding stage is used. The second and subsequent elution steps are carried out by adding an acid to the elution solution.
- the reaction shown in Equation 3 progresses better when the pH value of the acid-containing solution used in the elution step is smaller. However, when the reaction shown in Equation 3 progresses to some extent, the pH value of the acid-containing solution increases, so the reaction shown in Equation 3 does not proceed. In order to avoid this situation hitherto, a large amount of acid-containing solution has been supplied, resulting in a large volume of elution solution.
- the elution process is divided into multiple stages, and in the second and subsequent stages of the multiple stages, acid is added to the eluted solution obtained in the preceding stage and used as the acid-containing solution.
- the amount of acid used in the elution process can be suppressed, the lithium content in the elution solution after the elution process can be increased, and the lithium content can be increased in the process after the elution process.
- the amount of elution solution used can be reduced. That is, in the elution step, when the pH in the solution reaches a predetermined value or higher, the reaction shown in Equation 3 does not occur, and hydrogen ions remain in the elution solution.
- the pH value of the acid-containing solution can be reduced, and the amount of the elution solution used in the steps after the elution step can be suppressed as a whole, and the elution solution can increase the lithium content of
- the facility size in the post-process can be suppressed, and the load of the process when obtaining lithium as a solid can be reduced. That is, when the content of lithium is increased, the amount of the lithium-containing solution itself can be reduced, so there is no need to increase the facility size in the post-process.
- the time for boiling down the solution can be shortened, and the amount of the pH adjuster in the manganese oxidation step described later or the pH adjuster in the neutralization step provided after the manganese oxidation step can be suppressed. .
- This neutralization step is provided, for example, to remove magnesium.
- the solution containing lithium at a high concentration can be shipped to the customer as it is.
- the elution process is not limited to this form.
- the case where an acid is continuously added to the elution solution to form an acid-containing solution is included.
- the hydrogen ion concentration of the acid-containing solution that is brought into contact with lithium manganate after adsorption in the elution step of the present embodiment is preferably 0.1 mol/L or more and 4.0 mol/L or less. Furthermore, the hydrogen ion concentration is preferably 0.5 mol/L or more and 2.0 mol/L or less.
- the hydrogen ion concentration of the acid-containing solution is 0.1 mol/L or more and 4.0 mol/L or less, so that the efficiency of the exchange reaction between Li + and H + cations is maintained in the elution step.
- dissolution of the lithium manganate as a whole can be suppressed. That is, it becomes possible to repeatedly use the lithium adsorbent.
- the exchange reaction between cations cannot be sufficiently carried out, and the efficiency of this exchange reaction decreases.
- the acid-containing solution is more concentrated than 4.0 mol/L, the lithium manganate as a whole dissolves in the acid-containing solution, making it impossible to reuse the lithium manganate after adsorption as a lithium adsorbent.
- the acid used in the acid-containing solution is preferably hydrochloric acid, but is not limited to this. For example, sulfuric acid or acetic acid may be used.
- the elution solution is preferably used repeatedly 5 times or more and 11 times or less. Furthermore, 7 times or more and 9 times or less are more preferable.
- the lithium content in the solution after the elution process can be further increased, and the amount of chemicals used in subsequent processes such as the manganese oxidation process can be further suppressed. can be done.
- the form of contact between the post-adsorption lithium manganate and the acid-containing solution in the elution process differs.
- the lithium manganate is in the form of powder
- one method is to add the lithium manganate powder after adsorption to the acid-containing solution and stir to bring the lithium manganate into contact with the acid-containing solution after adsorption. mentioned.
- the lithium manganate is in particulate form or is sprayed onto the fibers of the column, the particulate lithium manganate and the column are housed in the flow vessel and the acid-containing solution is passed through the flow vessel.
- One method is a method in which lithium manganate and an acid-containing solution are brought into contact with each other after adsorption by liquidizing.
- manganese oxidation process In the manganese oxidation step, an oxidizing agent and a pH adjuster are added to the elution solution obtained in the elution step to oxidize divalent manganese to tetravalent manganese, thereby obtaining a lithium-containing solution with a suppressed manganese concentration. . Since tetravalent manganese is sparingly soluble, it precipitates in solution. Thereby, the concentration of manganese contained in the elution solution can be suppressed. Furthermore, the precipitated manganese can be reused as a raw material for lithium adsorbents.
- An oxidizing agent and a pH adjuster are added to the elution solution in order to oxidize divalent manganese to tetravalent manganese.
- an oxidizing agent and a pH adjuster it is preferable to adjust the pH to a range of 3 or more and 7 or less and adjust the redox potential to 600 mV or more and 1100 mV or less with a silver-silver chloride electrode. That is, the pH and the redox potential are measured simultaneously, and the oxidizing agent and the pH adjusting agent are added simultaneously or alternately so as to fall within the above ranges.
- oxidizing agents that can be used include sodium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite, ozone, and permanganate.
- Alkaline neutralizers such as sodium hydroxide and slaked lime can be used as pH adjusters. However, it is not limited to these, and there is no problem as long as the pH can be adjusted.
- the lithium-containing solution obtained in the manganese oxidation step contains lithium in the form of lithium chloride (LiCl). Lithium is obtained in the form of lithium.
- lithium manganate after adsorption becomes a lithium adsorbent with an acid-containing solution
- this lithium adsorbent is used again in the adsorption step.
- Example 1 (adsorption process) 10 ml of powdered lithium adsorbent H 1.6 Mn 1.6 O 4 was held in a glass column with a diameter of 20 mm. Then, a solution in which lithium is dissolved simulating salt lake brine, which is a low-lithium-containing solution, is passed through the column, and Li 1.6 Mn 1.6 O, which is lithium manganate after adsorption with a lithium adsorbent. 4 .
- BV is an abbreviation for Bed Volume, which is a unit that indicates how many times the volume of the lithium adsorbent in the column. That is, the above 75 ml is expressed as BV7.5. All the solutions effluent from the column were mixed to form a homogeneous solution. The solution obtained in the first step of this elution process was designated as the first elution solution. The pH of this first elution solution was measured and found to be 1. From this, it can be seen that free acid is present in the first elution solution even after the elution step.
- the acid-containing solution was prepared by adding 35% hydrochloric acid to the above first elution solution to adjust the hydrogen ion concentration to 0.5 mol/L.
- the liquid permeation speed and liquid permeation amount are the same as in the first stage.
- the solution that flowed out from the column was used as the second elution solution.
- Table 1 shows the analytical values of the element concentrations of the first elution solution and the second elution solution. It can be seen that the lithium content increased in the second elution solution in which acid was added to the first elution solution as the acid-containing solution.
- a manganese oxidation step was performed using the second elution solution. At this time, an oxidizing agent and a pH adjuster were used to obtain a lithium-containing solution.
- Example 2 In Example 2, in the second step of the elution process, hydrochloric acid was added to an acid-containing solution having a hydrogen ion concentration of 0.1 mol/L to obtain a second elution solution. Other conditions are the same as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the analytical values of the elemental concentrations of the first and second eluent solutions. It can be seen that the lithium content increased in the second elution solution in which acid was added to the first elution solution as the acid-containing solution.
- Comparative Example 1 In Comparative Example 1, the second elution solution was obtained without adding any hydrochloric acid in the second step of the elution process. Other conditions are the same as in Example 1. Table 3 shows the analytical values of the elemental concentrations of the first and second eluent solutions. It can be seen that there is no change in the content of any element.
- Example 1a In Example 1, analytical values of each element were obtained for the elution solutions up to the second stage. In Example 1a, the elution process was performed up to the 14th stage, and the analytical value for lithium was obtained for the elution solution at each stage. Other conditions are the same as in Example 1. Table 4 shows the results.
- the lithium content increased as the number of repetitions increased up to the sixth elution solution (the solution after the elution solution was repeatedly used five times).
- the lithium content does not increase even if the number of repetitions increases. From this result, it can be seen that in order to increase the lithium content of the elution solution, it is preferable to use the elution solution repeatedly 5 times or more and 11 times or less.
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Abstract
Description
第2発明のリチウム含有溶液の製造方法は、第1発明において、前記溶離工程に用いられる前記酸含有溶液の水素イオン濃度が、0.1mol/L以上4.0mol/L以下になるように、前記酸が加えられていることを特徴とする。
第3発明のリチウム含有溶液の製造方法は、第1発明または第2発明において、前記溶離工程において、前記溶離溶液が、5回以上11回以下繰り返し使用されることを特徴とする。
第2発明によれば、酸含有溶液の水素イオン濃度が所定の範囲内となるように酸が加えられることにより、溶離工程での反応が効率的に行われる。
第3発明によれば、溶離溶液が所定の回数だけ繰り返し用いられることにより、溶離工程後の溶液内のリチウムの含有率をさらに高めることができ、リチウム含有溶液の全体量をさらに抑えることができ、後工程での設備サイズをより抑制したり、マンガン酸化工程など後工程での薬剤の使用量を、より抑制することができたりする。
(吸着工程の前段階)
吸着工程では、リチウム吸着剤に低リチウム含有溶液を接触させて、吸着後マンガン酸リチウムが得られるが、この吸着工程で使用するリチウム吸着剤を得る方法について説明する。なお、図1には、本発明の一実施形態に係るリチウム含有溶液の製造方法のフロー図が示されているが、「吸着工程の前段階」の説明は、図1の最上段に位置するH1.6Mn1.6O4が得られる段階である。
Li1.6Mn1.6O4+1.6HCl→H1.6Mn1.6O4+1.6LiCl
図1には、本発明の一実施形態に係るリチウム含有溶液の製造方法のフロー図を示す。吸着工程では、リチウム吸着剤に低リチウム含有溶液を接触させて、数2に示すHとLiとのイオン交換反応により吸着後マンガン酸リチウムを得る。本明細書では、吸着工程で得られたマンガン酸リチウムを、吸着後マンガン酸リチウムと称することがある。
H1.6Mn1.6O4+1.6LiCl→Li1.6Mn1.6O4+1.6HCl
溶離工程では、吸着後マンガン酸リチウムに酸含有溶液を接触させて、数3に示す反応により溶離溶液を得る。この際、吸着後マンガン酸リチウムは、Li+とH+という陽イオン同士の交換反応により、リチウム吸着剤として再生され、このリチウム吸着剤は、再度吸着工程で用いられる。
Li1.6Mn1.6O4+1.6HCl→H1.6Mn1.6O4+1.6LiCl
マンガン酸化工程では、溶離工程で得られた溶離溶液に、酸化剤およびpH調整剤を追加することで2価のマンガンを、4価のマンガンに酸化させ、マンガン濃度を抑制したリチウム含有溶液を得る。4価のマンガンは難溶性であるため、溶液内で沈殿する。これにより溶離溶液に含まれるマンガンの濃度を抑制することができる。さらに、沈殿したマンガンは、リチウム吸着剤の原料として再利用することが可能である。
マンガン酸化工程で得られたリチウム含有溶液には、本実施形態の場合塩化リチウム(LiCl)という状態でリチウムが存在するので、この溶液にアルカリを投入したり、過熱濃縮したりして、例えば炭酸リチウムという状態でリチウムが得られる。
(吸着工程)
粉末状のリチウム吸着剤H1.6Mn1.6O4を、直径20mmのガラス製カラムに10ml保持させた。そして、このカラムに、低リチウム含有溶液である塩湖かん水を模してリチウムを溶解させた溶液を通過させて、リチウム吸着剤を吸着後マンガン酸リチウムであるLi1.6Mn1.6O4とした。
ガラス製カラム内の吸着後マンガン酸リチウムと、酸含有溶液とを接触させた。溶離工程の第1段階として、酸含有溶液は、水素イオン濃度0.5mol/Lの塩酸のみとした。この際の酸含有溶液のpHは0.35である。吸着剤を充填したカラムにこの酸含有溶液を通液速度1.67ml/minで、75mlを通液した。ここで通液速度、通液量について、SVおよびBVという単位を使用することがある。SVはSpace Velocityの略であり、単位時間(1時間)あたりの通液量(単位は以下に説明するBV)を表している。すなわち、上記の1.67ml/minはSV10と表される。またBVはBed Volumeの略であり、カラム内のリチウム吸着剤の体積の何倍かを表す単位である。すなわち、上記の75mlはBV7.5と表される。カラムから流出した溶液は全て混合して均一な溶液にした。この溶離工程の第1段階で得られた溶液を第1溶離溶液とした。この第1溶離溶液のpHを測定したところ、そのpHは1であった。これより、第1溶離溶液には、溶離工程後も遊離した酸が存在していることがわかる。
第2溶離溶液を用いて、マンガン酸化工程が行われた。この際に酸化剤とpH調整剤が用いられ、リチウム含有溶液が得られた。
実施例2では、溶離工程の第2段階で、塩酸加えて、水素イオン濃度が0.1mol/Lとした酸含有溶液が用いられ、第2溶離溶液を得た。その他の条件は実施例1と同じである。第1溶離溶液および第2溶離溶液の元素濃度の分析値を表2に示す。酸含有溶液として、第1溶離溶液に酸を加えたものを利用した第2溶離溶液において、リチウムの含有率が高くなったことがわかる。
比較例1では、溶離工程の第2段階で、塩酸を全く加えずに第2溶離溶液を得た。その他の条件は実施例1と同じである。第1溶離溶液および第2溶離溶液の元素濃度の分析値を表3に示す。いずれの元素についても含有率に変化がないことがわかる。
実施例1においては第2段階までの溶離溶液について各元素の分析値が得られた。実施例1aにおいては、溶離工程を第14段階まで行い、各段階の溶離溶液について、リチウムの分析値を得た。その他の条件は実施例1と同じである。その結果を表4に示す。
Claims (3)
- マンガン酸リチウムから得られたリチウム吸着剤に低リチウム含有溶液を接触させて吸着後マンガン酸リチウムを得る吸着工程と、
前記吸着後マンガン酸リチウムと酸含有溶液とを接触させて溶離溶液を得る溶離工程と、
前記溶離溶液に、酸化剤およびpH調整剤を追加することでマンガンを酸化させ、マンガン濃度を抑制したリチウム含有溶液を得るマンガン酸化工程と、
をこの順で実行し、
前記酸含有溶液には、前記溶離溶液に酸を加えたものが含まれる、
ことを特徴とするリチウム含有溶液の製造方法。 - 前記溶離工程に用いられる前記酸含有溶液の水素イオン濃度が、
0.1mol/L以上4.0mol/L以下になるように、前記酸が加えられている、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム含有溶液の製造方法。 - 前記溶離工程において、
前記溶離溶液が、5回以上11回以下繰り返し使用される、
ことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のリチウム含有溶液の製造方法。
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