WO2022193815A1 - 应用于信号同步系统的方法、系统、触控笔和电子设备 - Google Patents

应用于信号同步系统的方法、系统、触控笔和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022193815A1
WO2022193815A1 PCT/CN2022/072154 CN2022072154W WO2022193815A1 WO 2022193815 A1 WO2022193815 A1 WO 2022193815A1 CN 2022072154 W CN2022072154 W CN 2022072154W WO 2022193815 A1 WO2022193815 A1 WO 2022193815A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refresh rate
electronic device
stylus
signal
uplink signal
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PCT/CN2022/072154
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2022193815A9 (zh
Inventor
李航
苏懿
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荣耀终端有限公司
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Application filed by 荣耀终端有限公司 filed Critical 荣耀终端有限公司
Priority to US18/262,879 priority Critical patent/US20240094841A1/en
Priority to EP22770176.0A priority patent/EP4266161A4/en
Publication of WO2022193815A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022193815A1/zh
Publication of WO2022193815A9 publication Critical patent/WO2022193815A9/zh

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Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to terminal technologies, and in particular, to a method, a system, a touch pen, and an electronic device applied to a signal synchronization system.
  • touch technology With the development of touch technology, more and more electronic devices use touch for human-computer interaction.
  • the user may operate the touch screen of the electronic device through the touch pen to provide input to the electronic device, and the electronic device performs corresponding operations based on the input.
  • the stylus can send a downlink signal to the electronic device based on the refresh rate of the electronic device.
  • the refresh rate can be switched based on different application scenarios. If the stylus cannot detect the switching refresh rate of the electronic device in time, it cannot maintain signal synchronization with the electronic device, and the electronic device and the stylus cannot interact. The problem.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a method, a system, a stylus, and an electronic device applied to a signal synchronization system.
  • the stylus can detect the electronic device in time to switch the refresh rate.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method applied to a signal synchronization system.
  • the system includes a touch pen and an electronic device, and the electronic device supports a first refresh rate and a second refresh rate.
  • the method includes: after the electronic device is wirelessly connected to the stylus, the electronic device samples a downlink signal from the stylus based on a third refresh rate, the third refresh rate being equal to the first refresh rate rate or the second refresh rate; the stylus sends a downlink signal to the electronic device based on the third refresh rate, and samples an uplink signal from the electronic device at a fourth refresh rate, the fourth The refresh rate is the least common multiple of the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate.
  • the first refresh rate is 60 Hz
  • the second refresh rate is 90 Hz.
  • the wireless connection may be, but not limited to, a Bluetooth connection, a WI-FI hotspot, and the like.
  • the downlink signal from the stylus can be sampled at the third refresh rate, the stylus also sends the downlink signal at the third refresh rate, and the electronic device can sample the downlink signal of the stylus. signal to keep the electronic device in sync with the signal from the stylus.
  • the stylus can monitor the uplink signal at the least common multiple of the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate. Each uplink signal from the electronic device is monitored, and then the refresh rate switching of the stylus pen can be detected in time. The stylus pen can detect the refresh rate of the electronic device in time without interacting with the electronic device for signaling, with low latency and high efficiency.
  • the electronic device sends the first refresh rate and all parameters supported by the electronic device to the stylus pen. the second refresh rate.
  • the electronic device may send the electronic device to the stylus.
  • the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate supported by the device may be stored in the stylus, wherein the stylus may be produced in the manufacturing stage, or the touch pen may be When the stylus is connected to the electronic device for the first time, it is stored by the stylus after the electronic device sends it.
  • the third refresh rate is equal to the first refresh rate. That is, after the electronic device is wirelessly connected to the stylus, it can send an uplink signal to the stylus at the first refresh rate, and sample the downlink signal based on the first refresh rate. Correspondingly, the touch pen sends the downlink signal based on the first refresh rate, and samples the uplink signal from the electronic device at the fourth refresh rate.
  • the stylus pen when the stylus pen detects that the electronic device is switched from the first refresh rate to the second refresh rate, the stylus pen sends the electronic device to the second refresh rate based on the second refresh rate.
  • the electronic device sends a downlink signal, and samples an uplink signal from the electronic device at the fourth refresh rate; the electronic device switches from the first refresh rate to the second refresh rate Characterization: the electronic device uses The second refresh rate sends an upstream signal to the stylus, and a downstream signal from the stylus is sampled based on the second refresh rate.
  • the stylus can detect the cycle of the uplink signal from the electronic device, and determine whether the electronic device is switched from the first refresh rate to the second refresh rate; if the cycle changes, determine whether the electronic device is switched from the first refresh rate to the second refresh rate. The electronic device is switched from the first refresh rate to the second refresh rate, and if the period remains unchanged, it is determined that the first refresh rate of the electronic device has not changed.
  • the third refresh rate is equal to the second refresh rate. That is, after the electronic device is wirelessly connected to the stylus, it can send an uplink signal to the stylus at the second refresh rate, and sample the downlink signal based on the second refresh rate. Correspondingly, the stylus sends the downlink signal based on the second refresh rate, and samples the uplink signal from the electronic device at the fourth refresh rate.
  • the stylus pen when the stylus pen detects that the electronic device is switched from the second refresh rate to the first refresh rate, the stylus pen sends the electronic device to the first refresh rate based on the first refresh rate.
  • the electronic device sends a downlink signal and samples an uplink signal from the electronic device at the fourth refresh rate.
  • the stylus can monitor the uplink signal from the electronic device based on the fourth refresh rate, which is the least common multiple of the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate, and detect whether the refresh rate of the electronic device changes. If the refresh rate is switched from the first refresh rate to the second refresh rate, the stylus can send a downlink signal based on the second refresh rate, thereby ensuring synchronization with the signal of the electronic device.
  • the fourth refresh rate which is the least common multiple of the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate
  • the third refresh rate is equal to the second refresh rate, and the second refresh rate is greater than the first refresh rate. That is, after the electronic device is wirelessly connected to the stylus, it can sample the downlink signal at the maximum refresh rate supported by the electronic device. Correspondingly, the stylus also samples the downlink signal based on the maximum refresh rate supported by the electronic device, and samples the uplink signal from the electronic device at the fourth refresh rate.
  • the electronic device can keep synchronization with the stylus, and it can also ensure that when the electronic device switches the refresh rate, the electronic device and the touch pen have the same refresh rate.
  • the signal of the pen is synchronized in real time.
  • the third refresh rate is equal to the second refresh rate, and the second refresh rate is greater than the first refresh rate.
  • the electronic device may send an uplink signal to the stylus at the first refresh rate or the second refresh rate, and the electronic device may send an uplink signal to the stylus at the first refresh rate or the second refresh rate.
  • the electronic device samples the user signal based on the second refresh rate.
  • the user signal is a signal of the user touching the touch screen of the electronic device. The sampling of the user signal by the electronic device may be called announcing.
  • the electronic device samples the user signal at the maximum refresh rate supported by the electronic device, so when the electronic device sends the uplink signal at the first refresh rate, the reporting points are uneven and the signal-to-noise ratio is low, which affects the electronic device. The quality of the response to the user touching the touch screen of the electronic device, thereby affecting the user experience.
  • the first uplink signal is any uplink signal from an electronic device
  • the electronic device sends the first uplink signal to the stylus at the first refresh rate, and is based on After the second refresh rate samples the user signal
  • the method further includes: the electronic device continues to sample the user signal until the electronic device sends a second uplink signal
  • the second uplink signal is the first uplink signal after the first uplink signal. an upstream signal.
  • the number of times that the electronic device continues to sample the user signal is a preset number of times. That is to say, the electronic device may continue to sample the user signal for a preset number of times after sampling the user signal for the last time in a period of an uplink signal. In a possible implementation manner, the electronic device may continue to sample the user signal based on the second refresh rate. That is to say, the electronic device maintains the frequency of reporting points, and after sampling the last user signal, increases the reporting points (ie, continues to sample user signals) according to the same reporting point frequency.
  • the electronic device when the electronic device samples the downlink signal based on the maximum refresh rate supported by the electronic device, the electronic device can sample the user signal based on the maximum refresh rate supported by the electronic device, and the electronic device can supplement the reporting point in the blank area of the reporting point , thereby improving the uniformity and signal-to-noise ratio of reported points, so as to improve the quality of user signals detected by electronic equipment.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a signal synchronization method, which is applied to a stylus.
  • the method may include: after wirelessly connecting with an electronic device, sending a downlink signal to the electronic device based on a third refresh rate, and sending a downlink signal to the electronic device at a third refresh rate.
  • Four refresh rates sample the uplink signal from the electronic device, the fourth refresh rate is the least common multiple of the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate, and the electronic device supports the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate rate, the third refresh rate is equal to the first refresh rate or the second refresh rate.
  • the method before the sending the downlink signal to the electronic device based on the third refresh rate, the method further includes: receiving the first refresh rate and all the supported values of the electronic device from the electronic device. the second refresh rate.
  • the third refresh rate is equal to the first refresh rate
  • the method further includes: when it is detected that the electronic device switches from the first refresh rate to the second refresh rate When the second refresh rate is used, a downlink signal is sent to the electronic device based on the second refresh rate, and an uplink signal from the electronic device is sampled at the fourth refresh rate; the electronic device switches from the first refresh rate to The second refresh rate represents that the electronic device sends an uplink signal to the stylus at the second refresh rate, and samples a downlink signal from the stylus based on the second refresh rate.
  • the method further includes: detecting a period of an uplink signal from the electronic device, and judging whether the electronic device switches from the first refresh rate to the second refresh rate; if If the period changes, it is determined that the electronic device is switched from the first refresh rate to the second refresh rate.
  • the third refresh rate is equal to the second refresh rate, and the second refresh rate is greater than the first refresh rate.
  • the first refresh rate is 60 Hz
  • the second refresh rate is 90 Hz.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a signal synchronization method, which is applied to an electronic device.
  • the electronic device supports a first refresh rate and a second refresh rate.
  • the method includes: after the electronic device is wirelessly connected to a stylus, based on A third refresh rate samples the downlink signal from the stylus, the third refresh rate being equal to the first refresh rate or the second refresh rate.
  • the method before sampling the downlink signal from the stylus based on a third refresh rate, the method further includes: sending the first refresh rate supported by the electronic device to the stylus and the second refresh rate.
  • the third refresh rate is equal to the first refresh rate; after the wireless connection with the stylus pen, the method further includes: sending a message to the stylus pen at the first refresh rate up signal.
  • the third refresh rate is equal to the second refresh rate, and the second refresh rate is greater than the first refresh rate.
  • the method further includes: sending an uplink signal to the stylus pen at the first refresh rate or the second refresh rate; based on the first refresh rate or the second refresh rate A user signal is sampled at a second refresh rate, where the user signal is a signal of a user touching the touch screen of the electronic device.
  • the first uplink signal is any uplink signal from an electronic device
  • the first uplink signal is sent to the stylus at the first refresh rate
  • the method further includes: continuing to sample the user signal until a second uplink signal is sent, where the second uplink signal is the first uplink signal after the first uplink signal.
  • the number of times of continuing to sample the user signal is a preset number of times.
  • the continuing to sample the user signal includes: continuing to sample the user signal based on the second refresh rate.
  • the first refresh rate is 60 Hz
  • the second refresh rate is 90 Hz.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a touch pen, including: a processor and a memory; the memory stores computer-executed instructions; the processor executes the computer-executed instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor executes The method of the second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: a processor and a memory; the memory stores computer-executable instructions; the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor executes the The method described in the third aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a signal synchronization system, including the stylus pen described in the fourth aspect above, and the electronic device described in the fifth aspect above.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product containing instructions, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to execute the methods of the second and third aspects above.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer-readable storage medium is run on a computer, the computer executes the methods of the second aspect and the third aspect .
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a method, a system, a stylus, and an electronic device applied to a signal synchronization system.
  • the system includes a stylus and an electronic device.
  • the electronic device supports a first refresh rate and a second refresh rate.
  • the method includes : After the electronic device is wirelessly connected to the stylus, the electronic device samples the downlink signal from the stylus based on the third refresh rate, which is equal to the first refresh rate or the second refresh rate; the stylus is based on the third refresh rate A downlink signal is sent to the electronic device, and an uplink signal from the electronic device is sampled at a fourth refresh rate, the fourth refresh rate being the least common multiple of the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate.
  • the uplink signal from the electronic device can be monitored at the least common multiple of all refresh rates supported by the electronic device, so each uplink signal from the electronic device can be monitored, and further It can detect the switching refresh rate of electronic equipment in time, with small delay and high efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario to which an embodiment of the present application is applicable
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic structural diagram of a touch pen provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of a partially disassembled structure of a touch pen provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of interaction between a touch pen and an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a touch pen and a wireless keyboard according to an embodiment of the present application
  • 5A is a schematic diagram of a stylus provided in an embodiment of the application being accommodated in a storage portion of a wireless keyboard;
  • 5B is a schematic side view of the stylus provided in an embodiment of the present application when the stylus is stored in the storage portion of the wireless keyboard;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a touch pen according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a wireless keyboard provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of interaction between a touch pen and an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of another scenario to which the embodiment of the present application is applicable.
  • FIG. 11A is a schematic diagram of the capacitance value change of the touch screen
  • FIG. 11B is another schematic diagram of the capacitance value change of the touch screen
  • FIG. 12 is a signal timing diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is another signal timing diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of adjusting the refresh rate of the touch pen according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a signal synchronization method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is another signal timing diagram provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 17 is another signal timing diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is another signal timing diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19A is another signal timing diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19B is another signal timing diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19C is another signal timing diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20A is another signal timing diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20B is another signal timing diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario to which an embodiment of the present application is applicable.
  • the scene includes a stylus 100 , an electronic device 200 and a wireless keyboard 300 .
  • the electronic device 200 is a tablet computer as an example for description.
  • the stylus 100 and the wireless keyboard 300 may provide input to the electronic device 200 , and the electronic device 200 performs operations in response to the input based on the input of the stylus 100 or the wireless keyboard 300 .
  • a touch area can be set on the wireless keyboard 300 , the touch pen 100 can operate the touch area of the wireless keyboard 300 to provide input to the wireless keyboard 300 , and the wireless keyboard 300 can perform operations in response to the input based on the input of the touch pen 100 .
  • the stylus 100 and the electronic device 200, between the stylus 100 and the wireless keyboard 300, and between the electronic device 200 and the wireless keyboard 300 may be interconnected through a communication network to realize wireless Interaction of signals.
  • the communication network can be, but is not limited to, a WI-FI hotspot network, a WI-FI peer-to-peer (P2P) network, a Bluetooth network, a zigbee network, or a near field communication (NFC) network, etc. Communications network.
  • the stylus 100 can be, but is not limited to, an inductive pen and a capacitive pen.
  • the electronic device 200 has a touch screen 201 .
  • an electromagnetic induction board needs to be integrated on the touch screen 201 of the electronic device 200 that interacts with the touch pen 100 .
  • Coils are distributed on the electromagnetic induction board, and coils are also integrated in the inductive pen. Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, within the range of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic induction board, with the movement of the inductive pen, the inductive pen can store electrical energy.
  • the inductive pen can transmit the accumulated electric energy to the electromagnetic induction board through the coil in the inductive pen through free oscillation.
  • the electromagnetic induction board can scan the coils on the electromagnetic induction board based on the power from the inductive pen to calculate the position of the inductive pen on the touch screen 201 .
  • the touch screen 201 in the electronic device 200 may also be referred to as a touch screen 201, and the touch pen 201 may be referred to as a stylus.
  • the capacitive stylus may include: passive capacitive stylus and active capacitive stylus.
  • Passive capacitive pens can be called passive capacitive pens
  • active capacitive pens can be called active capacitive pens.
  • One or more electrodes may be provided in the active capacitive pen (eg, in the tip of the pen), and the active capacitive pen may transmit signals through the electrodes.
  • the stylus 100 is an active capacitive pen
  • an integrated electrode array is required on the touch screen 201 of the electronic device 200 that interacts with the stylus 100 .
  • the electrode array may be a capacitive electrode array.
  • the electronic device 200 can receive the signal from the active capacitive pen through the electrode array, and then, when receiving the signal, recognize the position of the active capacitive pen on the touch screen based on the change of the capacitance value on the touch screen 201, and the active capacitive pen. tilt angle of the capacitive pen.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic structural diagram of a touch pen according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the stylus 100 may include a tip 10 , a barrel 20 and a back cover 30 .
  • the inside of the pen holder 20 is a hollow structure.
  • the pen tip 10 and the back cover 30 are located at two ends of the pen holder 20 respectively.
  • the back cover 30 and the pen holder 20 can be plugged or snapped together. See the description for Figure 2B.
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of a partially disassembled structure of the touch pen according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the stylus 100 further includes a main shaft assembly 50 , the main shaft assembly 50 is located in the pen holder 20 , and the main shaft assembly 50 is slidably arranged in the pen holder 20 .
  • the main shaft assembly 50 has an external thread 51
  • the pen tip 10 includes a writing end 11 and a connecting end 12
  • the connecting end 12 of the pen tip 10 has an internal thread (not shown) matched with the external thread 51 .
  • the connecting end 12 of the pen tip 10 When the main shaft assembly 50 is assembled into the pen barrel 20 , the connecting end 12 of the pen tip 10 extends into the pen barrel 20 and is threadedly connected with the external thread 51 of the main shaft assembly 50 .
  • the connection between the connecting end 12 of the pen tip 10 and the spindle assembly 50 may also be detachably connected by snapping or the like.
  • the connection end 12 of the pen nib 10 is detachably connected with the spindle assembly 50, so that the replacement of the nib 10 is realized.
  • the main shaft assembly 50 is provided with a pressure sensing assembly 60 , a part of the pressure sensing assembly 60 is fixedly connected with the fixed structure in the pen barrel 20 , and a part of the pressure sensing assembly 60 is connected with the main shaft assembly 50 Fixed connection.
  • the circuit board 70 can detect the pressure of the writing end 11 of the pen tip 10 according to the deformation of the pressure-sensitive component 60 , thereby The line thickness of the writing end 11 is controlled according to the pressure of the writing end 11 of the pen tip 10 .
  • the pressure detection of the pen tip 10 includes but is not limited to the above methods.
  • the pressure of the pen tip 10 can be detected by the pressure sensor.
  • the stylus 100 further includes a plurality of electrodes, and the plurality of electrodes may be, for example, a first emission electrode 41 , a ground electrode 43 and a second emission electrode 42 .
  • the first emitter electrode 41 , the ground electrode 43 and the second emitter electrode 42 are all electrically connected to the circuit board 70 .
  • the first emitter electrode 41 may be located within the pen tip 10 and close to the writing end 11, and the circuit board 70 may be configured as a control board that can provide signals to the first emitter electrode 41 and the second emitter electrode 42, respectively.
  • the first emitter electrode 41 is used for To transmit the first signal, when the first transmitting electrode 41 is close to the touch screen 201 of the electronic device 200, a coupling capacitance can be formed between the first transmitting electrode 41 and the touch screen 201 of the electronic device 200, so that the electronic device 200 can receive first signal.
  • the second transmitting electrode 42 is used for transmitting a second signal, and the electronic device 200 can determine the tilt angle of the stylus 100 according to the received second signal.
  • the second emitter electrode 42 may be located on the inner wall of the pen holder 20 . In one example, the second emitter electrode 42 may also be located on the spindle assembly 50 .
  • the ground electrode 43 may be located between the first emitter electrode 41 and the second emitter electrode 42, or the ground electrode 43 may be located around the outer periphery of the first emitter electrode 41 and the second emitter electrode 42, and the ground electrode 43 is used to reduce the first emitter electrode 43.
  • the electrode 41 and the second emitter electrode 42 are coupled to each other.
  • the electronic device 200 When the electronic device 200 receives the first signal from the touch pen 100 , the capacitance value at the corresponding position of the touch screen 201 will change. Accordingly, the electronic device 200 can determine the position of the stylus 100 (or the tip of the stylus 100 ) on the touch screen 201 based on the change of the capacitance value on the touch screen 201 . In addition, the electronic device 200 may acquire the inclination angle of the stylus 100 by using the double-tip projection method in the inclination angle detection algorithm. The positions of the first transmitting electrode 41 and the second transmitting electrode 42 in the stylus 100 are different. Therefore, when the electronic device 200 receives the first signal and the second signal from the stylus 100, two signals on the touch screen 201 The capacitance value at each location will change.
  • the electronic device 200 can obtain the inclination angle of the stylus 100 according to the distance between the first emitter electrode 41 and the second emitter electrode 42 and the distance between two positions on the touch screen 201 where the capacitance value changes, For more detailed acquisition of the inclination angle of the stylus 100, reference may be made to the related description of the dual-tip projection method in the prior art.
  • the stylus 100 further includes: a battery assembly 80 , and the battery assembly 80 is used to provide power to the circuit board 70 .
  • the battery assembly 80 may include a lithium-ion battery, or the battery assembly 80 may include a nickel-chromium battery, an alkaline battery, or a nickel-metal hydride battery, or the like.
  • the battery included in the battery assembly 80 may be a rechargeable battery or a disposable battery, wherein, when the battery included in the battery assembly 80 is a rechargeable battery, the stylus 100 can charge the battery assembly wirelessly. 80 in the battery to charge.
  • the electronic device 200 can send an uplink to the stylus 100 through the electrode array integrated on the touch screen 201 Signal.
  • the stylus 100 can receive the uplink signal through the receiving electrodes, and the stylus 100 transmits the downlink signal through the transmitting electrodes (eg, the first transmitting electrode 41 and the second transmitting electrode 42 ).
  • the downlink signal includes the above-mentioned first signal and second signal.
  • the electronic device 200 can determine the tip of the stylus 100 based on the capacitance value on the touch screen 201 The position of 10 on the touch screen 201 .
  • the uplink signal and the downlink signal may be square wave signals.
  • the wireless keyboard 300 may include a first part 301 and a second part 302 .
  • the wireless keyboard 300 may include: a keyboard body and a keyboard cover.
  • the first part 301 can be a keyboard cover
  • the second part 302 can be a keyboard body.
  • the first part 301 is used for placing the electronic device 200
  • the second part 302 may be provided with buttons, touch pads, etc. for user operations.
  • the first part 301 and the second part 302 of the wireless keyboard 300 need to be opened, and when the wireless keyboard 300 is not in use, the first part 301 and the second part 302 of the wireless keyboard 300 can be closed.
  • the first part 301 and the second part 302 of the wireless keyboard 300 are rotatably connected.
  • the first part 301 and the second part 302 can be connected by a rotating shaft or a hinge, or, in some examples, the first part 301 and the second part 302 can be rotationally connected by a flexible material (such as a leather material or a cloth material) .
  • the first part 301 and the second part 302 may be integrally formed, and the connection between the first part 301 and the second part 302 is processed by thinning, so that the connection between the first part 301 and the second part 302 is The connection can be bent.
  • the connection manner between the first part 301 and the second part 302 may include but not limited to the above-mentioned several rotational connection manners.
  • the first part 301 may include at least two rotatably connected brackets.
  • the first part 301 includes a first bracket 301a and a second bracket 301b, and the first bracket 301a and the second bracket 301b are rotatably connected to each other.
  • the first bracket 301a and the second bracket can be used 301b collectively supports the electronic device 200 (refer to FIG. 1 ).
  • the first bracket 301a provides support to the second bracket 301b
  • the second bracket 301b supports the electronic device 200 .
  • the second bracket 301b and the second part 302 are rotatably connected.
  • the wireless keyboard 300 may be provided with a storage portion 303 for storing the stylus 100 .
  • the accommodating portion 303 is a cylindrical cavity.
  • the connecting part 304 is provided with a receiving part 303 .
  • the connecting portion 304 may be a rotating shaft.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of a stylus provided in an embodiment of the present application being stored in a storage portion of a wireless keyboard
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic side view of the stylus pen provided by an embodiment of the present application when stored in the storage portion of the wireless keyboard.
  • the accommodating portion 303 is a circular cavity, and the inner diameter of the accommodating portion 303 is larger than the outer diameter of the stylus 100 .
  • a magnetic material may be provided on the inner wall of the receiving portion 303 , and a magnetic material may be provided in the stylus 100 .
  • the stylus 100 is adsorbed in the receiving portion 303 by the magnetic adsorption between the magnetic materials.
  • the stylus 100 and the receiving part 303 can also be fixed by means of snapping .
  • a pop-up structure may be provided in the storage portion 303 .
  • the eject mechanism can drive one end of the stylus 100 to move outward from the storage portion 303 . pop up.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a touch pen according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the stylus 100 may have a processor 110 .
  • Processor 110 may include storage and processing circuitry for supporting the operation of stylus 100 .
  • the storage and processing circuitry may include storage devices such as non-volatile memory (eg, flash memory or other electrically programmable read-only memory configured as solid state drives), volatile memory (eg, static or dynamic random access memory) Wait.
  • Processing circuitry in the processor 110 may be used to control the operation of the stylus 100 .
  • the processing circuitry may be based on one or more microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, baseband processors, power management units, audio chips, application specific integrated circuits, and the like.
  • the sensors may include pressure sensor 120 .
  • the pressure sensor 120 may be disposed on the writing end 11 of the stylus 100 (as shown in FIG. 2B ).
  • the pressure sensor 120 may also be disposed in the pen holder 20 of the stylus 100 , so that after one end of the pen tip 10 of the stylus 100 is subjected to force, the other end of the pen tip 10 moves to act on the pressure sensor 120 .
  • the processor 110 can adjust the line thickness of the pen tip 10 of the stylus 100 when writing according to the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 120 .
  • the sensors may also include inertial sensors 130 .
  • Inertial sensor 130 may include a three-axis accelerometer and a three-axis gyroscope, and/or other components for measuring movement of stylus 100, for example, a three-axis magnetometer may be included in a nine-axis inertial sensor configuration in the sensor.
  • the sensors may also include additional sensors, such as temperature sensors, ambient light sensors, light-based proximity sensors, contact sensors, magnetic sensors, pressure sensors, and/or other sensors.
  • Stylus 100 may include status indicators 140 such as light emitting diodes and buttons 150 therein.
  • the status indicator 140 is used to inform the user of the status of the stylus 100 .
  • Buttons 150 which may include mechanical buttons and non-mechanical buttons, may be used to collect button press information from a user.
  • the stylus 100 may include one or more electrodes 160 (for details, please refer to the description in FIG. 2B ), one of the electrodes 160 may be located at the writing end of the stylus 100 , and one of the electrodes 160 may be Located in the pen tip 10, reference can be made to the above related description.
  • the stylus 100 may include a sensing circuit 170 therein.
  • the sensing circuit 170 can sense capacitive coupling between the electrodes 160 and the drive lines of the capacitive touch sensor panel that interacts with the stylus 100 .
  • Sensing circuit 170 may include an amplifier to receive capacitance readings from a capacitive touch sensor panel, a clock to generate a demodulated signal, a phase shifter to generate a phase shifted demodulated signal, to use an in-phase demodulation frequency components to demodulate capacitance readings, and mixers to demodulate capacitance readings using quadrature demodulation frequency components, etc.
  • the results of the mixer demodulation can be used to determine an amplitude proportional to capacitance so that the stylus 100 can sense contact with the capacitive touch sensor panel.
  • the stylus 100 may include a microphone, a speaker, an audio generator, a vibrator, a camera, a data port, and other devices.
  • a user may control the operation of the stylus 100 and the electronic device 200 with which the stylus 100 interacts by providing commands with these devices, and receive status information and other output.
  • the processor 110 may be used to run software on the stylus 100 that controls the operation of the stylus 100 .
  • software running on processor 110 may process sensor inputs, button inputs, and inputs from other devices to monitor stylus 100 movement and other user inputs.
  • Software running on the processor 110 can detect user commands and can communicate with the electronic device 200 .
  • the stylus 100 may include a wireless module.
  • the wireless module is the Bluetooth module 180 as an example for description.
  • the wireless module may also be a WI-FI hotspot module, a WI-FI point-to-point module, and the like.
  • the Bluetooth module 180 may include a radio frequency transceiver, such as a transceiver.
  • the Bluetooth module 180 may also include one or more antennas.
  • the transceiver may utilize the antenna to transmit and/or receive wireless signals, which may be Bluetooth signals, wireless local area network signals, long-range signals such as cellular telephone signals, near field communication signals, or other wireless signals based on the type of wireless module.
  • the stylus 100 may further include a charging module 190 , and the charging module 190 may support the charging of the stylus 100 and provide power for the stylus 100 .
  • the electronic device 200 in this embodiment of the present application may be referred to as a user equipment (user equipment, UE), a terminal (terminal), etc.
  • the electronic device 200 may be a tablet computer (portable android device, PAD), a personal digital processing (personal digital assistant, PDA), handheld devices, computing devices, in-vehicle devices or wearable devices with wireless communication functions, virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) terminal equipment, augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal equipment, industrial control Wireless terminals in (industrial control), wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, and transportation safety
  • a mobile terminal or a fixed terminal with a touch screen such as a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart city, and a wireless terminal in a smart home.
  • the form of the terminal device is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 200 may include multiple subsystems that cooperate to perform, coordinate, or monitor one or more operations or functions of the electronic device 202 .
  • Electronic device 200 includes processor 210 , input surface 220 , coordination engine 230 , power subsystem 240 , power connector 250 , wireless interface 260 , and display 270 .
  • coordination engine 230 may be used to communicate and/or process data with other subsystems of electronic device 200; communicate and/or transact data with stylus 100; measure and/or obtain one or more analog or digital output of a sensor (such as a touch sensor); measuring and/or obtaining the output of one or more sensor nodes of an array of sensor nodes (such as an array of capacitive sensing nodes); receiving and locating tip and ring signals from stylus 100 ; Position the stylus 100 and the like based on the positions of the tip signal intersection area and the ring signal intersection area.
  • a sensor such as a touch sensor
  • sensor nodes such as an array of sensor nodes
  • receiving and locating tip and ring signals from stylus 100 Position the stylus 100 and the like based on the positions of the tip signal intersection area and the ring signal intersection area.
  • the coordination engine 230 of the electronic device 200 includes or is otherwise communicatively coupled to a sensor layer underlying or integral with the input surface 220 .
  • the coordination engine 230 utilizes the sensor layer to position the stylus 100 on the input surface 220 and uses the techniques described herein to estimate the angular position of the stylus 100 relative to the plane of the input surface 220 .
  • input surface 220 may be referred to as touch screen 201 .
  • the sensor layer of the coordination engine 230 of the electronic device 200 is a grid of capacitive sensing nodes arranged in columns and rows. More specifically, the array of column traces is arranged perpendicular to the array of row traces.
  • the sensor layer may be separate from other layers of the electronic device, or the sensor layer may be disposed directly on another layer, such as but not limited to: display stack layers, force sensor layers, digitizer layers, polarizer layers, battery layers , structural or decorative shell layers, etc.
  • the sensor layer can operate in various modes. If operating in mutual capacitance mode, the column and row traces form a single capacitive sensing node at each overlapping point (e.g., "vertical" mutual capacitance). If operating in self-capacitance mode, the column and row traces form two (vertically aligned) capacitive sensing nodes at each overlapping point. In another embodiment, if operating in mutual capacitance mode, adjacent column traces and/or adjacent row traces may each form a single capacitive sensing node (eg, "horizontal" mutual capacitance).
  • the sensor layer may detect the presence of the tip 10 of the stylus 100 and/or the touch of a user's finger by monitoring changes in capacitance (eg, mutual capacitance or self-capacitance) presented at each capacitive sensing node.
  • coordination engine 230 may be configured to detect tip and ring signals received from stylus 100 through the sensor layer via capacitive coupling.
  • the tip signal and/or the ring signal may include specific information and/or data that may be configured to cause the electronic device 200 to recognize the stylus 100 .
  • Such information is generally referred to herein as "stylus identity" information.
  • This information and/or data may be received by the sensor layer and interpreted, decoded and/or demodulated by the coordination engine 230 .
  • the processor 210 may use the stylus identity information to simultaneously receive input from more than one stylus.
  • the coordination engine 230 may be configured to transmit to the processor 210 the position and/or angular position of each of a number of styluses detected by the coordination engine 230 .
  • the coordination engine 230 may also transmit information to the processor 210 regarding the relative positions and/or relative angular positions of the plurality of styluses detected by the coordination engine 230 .
  • the coordination engine 220 may notify the processor 210 that the detected first stylus is located at a distance from the detected second stylus.
  • the end signal and/or the ring signal may also include specific information and/or data for enabling the electronic device 200 to identify a specific user. Such information is generally referred to herein as "User Identity” information.
  • Reconciliation engine 230 may forward user identity information (if detected and/or recoverable) to processor 210 . If the user identity information cannot be recovered from the tip signal and/or the ring signal, the coordination engine 230 may optionally indicate to the processor 210 that user identity information is not available. Processor 210 can utilize user identity information (or the absence of such information) in any suitable manner, including but not limited to accepting or denying input from a particular user, allowing or denying access to particular functions of the electronic device, and the like. The processor 210 may use the user identity information to simultaneously receive input from more than one user.
  • the tip signal and/or ring signal may include specific information and/or data that may be configured to cause the electronic device 200 to identify settings or preferences of the user or stylus 100 .
  • Such information is generally referred to herein as "stylus settings" information.
  • Coordination engine 230 may forward stylus setting information (if detected and/or recoverable) to processor 210 . If the stylus setting information cannot be recovered from the tip signal and/or the ring signal, the coordination engine 230 may optionally indicate to the processor 210 that the stylus setting information is not available.
  • Electronic device 200 can utilize the stylus setting information (or the absence of such information) in any suitable manner, including but not limited to: applying settings to the electronic device, applying settings to programs running on the electronic device, changing The line thickness, color, pattern presented by the graphics program of the electronic device, changing the settings of the video game operated on the electronic device, etc.
  • the processor 210 may be configured to perform, coordinate and/or manage the functions of the electronic device 200 .
  • Such functions may include, but are not limited to, communicating and/or transacting data with other subsystems of electronic device 200, communicating and/or transacting data with stylus 100, communicating and/or transacting data over a wireless interface, over wired
  • the interface communicates and/or trades data, facilitates the exchange of power through a wireless (eg, inductive, resonant, etc.) or wired interface, receives the position and angular position of one or more styluses, and the like.
  • the processor 210 may be implemented as any electronic device capable of processing, receiving or transmitting data or instructions.
  • a processor may be a microprocessor, a central processing unit, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, a digital signal processor, an analog circuit, a digital circuit, or a combination of these devices.
  • Processors can be single-threaded or multi-threaded.
  • the processor can be a single-core or multi-core processor.
  • the processor 210 may be configured to access memory in which instructions are stored.
  • the instructions may be configured to cause the processor to perform, coordinate or monitor one or more operations or functions of the electronic device 200.
  • the instructions stored in memory may be configured to control or coordinate the operation of other components of electronic device 200, such as, but not limited to, another processor, analog or digital circuits, volatile or nonvolatile memory modules, Displays, speakers, microphones, rotary input devices, buttons or other physical input devices, biometric authentication sensors and/or systems, force or touch input/output components, communication modules (such as wireless interfaces and/or power connectors), and/or Haptic or haptic feedback devices.
  • the memory may also store electronic data usable by the stylus or the processor.
  • memory may store electronic data or content (such as media files, documents, and applications), device settings and preferences, timing and control signals, or data, data structures, or databases for various modules, and detection tip signals and/or Or ring signal related files or configurations, etc.
  • the memory can be configured as any type of memory.
  • the memory may be implemented as random access memory, read only memory, flash memory, removable memory, other types of storage elements, or a combination of such devices.
  • Electronic device 200 also includes power subsystem 240 .
  • Power subsystem 240 may include a battery or other power source. Power subsystem 240 may be configured to provide power to electronic device 200 .
  • Power subsystem 240 may also be coupled to power connector 250 .
  • Power connector 250 may be any suitable connector or port that may be configured to receive power from an external power source and/or configured to provide power to an external load. For example, in some embodiments, power connector 250 may be used to recharge a battery within power subsystem 240 . In another embodiment, power connector 250 may be used to transfer power stored (or available to) within power subsystem 240 to stylus 100 .
  • the electronic device 200 also includes a wireless interface 260 to facilitate electronic communication between the electronic device 200 and the stylus 100 .
  • the electronic device 200 may be configured to communicate with the stylus 100 via a low energy Bluetooth communication interface or a near field communication interface.
  • the communication interface facilitates electronic communication between the electronic device 200 and an external communication network, device or platform.
  • Wireless interface 260 may be implemented as one or more wireless interfaces, Bluetooth interfaces, near field communication interfaces, magnetic interfaces, universal serial Bus interface, inductive interface, resonant interface, capacitive coupling interface, Wi-Fi interface, TCP/IP interface, network communication interface, optical interface, acoustic interface or any traditional communication interface.
  • Electronic device 200 also includes display 270 .
  • Display 270 may be located behind input surface 220, or may be integrated therewith.
  • Display 270 may be communicatively coupled to processor 210 .
  • Processor 210 may use display 270 to present information to a user. In many cases, processor 210 uses display 270 to present an interface with which a user can interact. In many cases, the user manipulates the stylus 100 to interact with the interface.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a wireless keyboard according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless keyboard 300 may include a processor 310 , a memory 320 , a charging interface 330 , a charging management module 340 , a wireless charging coil 350 , a battery 360 , a wireless communication module 370 , a touch panel 380 , and a keyboard 390 .
  • the processor 310, the memory 320, the charging interface 330, the charging management module 340, the battery 360, the wireless communication module 370, the touch panel 380, the keyboard 390, etc. can all be arranged on the keyboard body of the wireless keyboard 300 (ie, as shown in FIG. 4 ). shown on the second portion 302).
  • the above-mentioned wireless charging coil 350 may be provided in the connecting portion 304 (as shown in FIG. 4 ) for movably connecting the keyboard body and the bracket. It can be understood that the structure illustrated in this embodiment does not constitute a specific limitation on the wireless keyboard 300 . In other embodiments, the wireless keyboard 300 may include more or fewer components than shown, or some components may be combined, or some components may be split, or a different arrangement of components.
  • the illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the memory 320 may be used for storing program codes, such as program codes for wirelessly charging the stylus 100, and the like.
  • the memory 320 may also store a Bluetooth address for uniquely identifying the wireless keyboard 300 .
  • the memory 320 may also store connection data of the electronic device that has been successfully paired with the wireless keyboard 300 before.
  • the connection data may be the Bluetooth address of the electronic device that has been successfully paired with the wireless keyboard 300 .
  • the wireless keyboard 300 can be automatically paired with the electronic device without having to configure the connection therewith, such as performing legality verification.
  • the above Bluetooth address may be a media access control (media access control, MAC) address.
  • the processor 310 may be configured to execute the above-mentioned application code, and invoke relevant modules to implement the functions of the wireless keyboard 300 in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor 310 may include one or more processing units, and different processing units may be independent devices, or may be integrated into one or more processors 310 .
  • the processor 310 may specifically be an integrated control chip, or may be composed of a circuit including various active and/or passive components, and the circuit is configured to perform the functions of the processor 310 described in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor of the wireless keyboard 300 may be a microprocessor.
  • the wireless communication module 370 may be used to support the communication between the wireless keyboard 300 and other electronic devices, including Bluetooth (bluetooth, BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), wireless local area networks (wireless local area networks, WLAN) (such as Wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, Wi-Fi) network), frequency modulation (frequency modulation, FM), near field communication technology (near field communication, NFC), infrared technology (infrared, IR) and other wireless communication data exchange.
  • Bluetooth bluetooth, BT
  • GNSS global navigation satellite system
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • FM wireless fidelity
  • NFC near field communication technology
  • infrared technology infrared, IR
  • the wireless communication module 370 may be a Bluetooth chip.
  • the wireless keyboard 300 may be a Bluetooth keyboard.
  • the wireless keyboard 300 can be paired with the Bluetooth chips of other electronic devices through the Bluetooth chip and establish a wireless connection, so as to realize wireless communication between the wireless keyboard 300 and other electronic devices through the wireless connection.
  • the wireless communication module 370 may further include an antenna.
  • the wireless communication module 370 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna, frequency modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 310 .
  • the wireless communication module 370 can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 310, perform frequency modulation on it, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation through the antenna.
  • the wireless keyboard 300 may support wired charging.
  • the charging management module 340 may receive the charging input of the wired charger through the charging interface 330 .
  • the wireless keyboard 300 may support forward wireless charging.
  • the charging management module 340 may receive wireless charging input through the wireless charging coil 350 of the wireless keyboard 300 .
  • the charging management module 340 is connected with the wireless charging coil 350 through a matching circuit.
  • the wireless charging coil 350 can be coupled with the wireless charging coil of the above-mentioned wireless charger, and induce an alternating electromagnetic field emitted by the wireless charging coil 350 of the wireless charger to generate an alternating electric signal.
  • the alternating electrical signal generated by the wireless charging coil 350 is transmitted to the charging management module 340 through the matching circuit, so as to charge the battery 330 wirelessly.
  • the charging management module 340 can also provide power for the wireless keyboard 300 while charging the battery 330 .
  • the charging management module 340 receives the input of the battery 330 and supplies power to the processor 310 , the memory 320 , the external memory and the wireless communication module 370 .
  • the charging management module 340 can also be used to monitor the battery capacity of the battery 360, the number of battery cycles, the battery health status (leakage, impedance) and other parameters. In some other embodiments, the charging management module 340 may also be provided in the processor 310 .
  • the wireless keyboard 300 may support reverse wireless charging.
  • the charging management module 340 may also receive an input from the charging interface 330 or the battery 360, and convert the DC signal input from the charging interface 330 or the battery 360 into an AC signal.
  • the AC signal is transmitted to the wireless charging coil 350 through the matching circuit.
  • the wireless charging coil 350 can generate an alternating electromagnetic field upon receiving the alternating current signal.
  • the wireless charging coils of other mobile terminals sense the alternating electromagnetic field and can perform wireless charging. That is, the wireless keyboard 300 can also wirelessly charge other mobile terminals.
  • the wireless charging coil 350 may be disposed in the receiving portion 303 of the wireless keyboard 300 , and the wireless charging coil is disposed in the pen holder 20 of the stylus 100 . When the stylus 100 is placed in the receiving portion 303 , the The wireless keyboard 300 can charge the stylus 100 through the wireless charging coil 350 .
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the wireless keyboard 300 by taking as an example that the matching circuit can be integrated in the charging management module 340 .
  • the charging interface 350 can be used to provide a wired connection for charging or communication between the wireless keyboard 300 and other electronic devices (eg, a wired charger of the wireless keyboard 300 ).
  • a touch sensor is integrated into the above-mentioned touch panel 380 .
  • the notebook computer can receive user control commands on the notebook computer through the touchpad 380 and the keyboard 390 .
  • the structures illustrated in the embodiments of the present application do not constitute a specific limitation on the wireless keyboard 300 . It may have more or fewer components than those shown in Figure 8, may combine two or more components, or may have a different configuration of components.
  • the housing of the wireless keyboard 300 may also be provided with a storage cavity for storing the stylus 100 .
  • the wireless charging coil 350 is disposed in the receiving cavity, and is used for wirelessly charging the stylus 100 after the stylus 100 is stored in the receiving cavity.
  • the outer surface of the wireless keyboard 300 may also include buttons, indicator lights (which can indicate states such as battery level, incoming/outgoing calls, pairing mode, etc.), and a display screen (which can prompt the user for relevant information) and other components.
  • the key may be a physical key or a touch key (used in conjunction with a touch sensor), etc., for triggering operations such as power-on, power-off, charging start, and charging stop.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of interaction between a touch pen and an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the touch pen includes: a microprocessor unit (MCU, MCU), a first communication module, a charging module, a pressure sensor module, a transmitting module (transport, TX), and a receiving module (receive, RX).
  • the electronic device includes: a touch sensor, a touch processing module and a second communication module.
  • the first communication module and the second communication module are both Bluetooth modules for illustration, and the first communication module and the second communication module may also be a wireless local area network module, a WI-FI module, etc. The embodiment does not limit this.
  • the stylus pen and the electronic device can establish a wireless channel through the first communication module and the second communication module to exchange wireless signals.
  • the touch processing module is respectively connected with the touch sensor and the second communication module.
  • An array of electrodes may be included in the touch sensor.
  • the touch sensor is used to collect touch data, and the touch data may include: data of touching a touch screen with a stylus.
  • the touch processing module is used to determine the position of the tip of the stylus and the included angle between the stylus and the touch screen (hereinafter referred to as the included angle) based on the touch data collected by the touch sensor.
  • the touch processing module can send an uplink signal through the electrode array, and the uplink signal is used to instruct the stylus to feed back a downlink signal.
  • the touch processing module may determine the position and the included angle of the tip of the stylus based on the downlink signal from the stylus.
  • the uplink signal may be a square wave signal
  • the touch processing module may be a touch IC chip (integrated circuit chip).
  • the MCU is respectively connected with the first communication module, the charging module, the pressure sensor module, the sending module, and the receiving module.
  • the charging module is used to charge the stylus.
  • the pressure sensor module includes: pressure sensor and pressure data processing module.
  • the pressure sensor is connected with the pressure data processing module, and the pressure data processing module is connected with the MCU.
  • the pressure sensor can be arranged on the tip of the stylus, and the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the tip of the stylus.
  • the data processing module is used to collect the pressure data from the pressure sensor and send the pressure data to the MCU.
  • the MCU may send pressure data to the electronic device based on the first communication module.
  • the electronic device may receive pressure data from the stylus based on the second communication module, and based on the pressure data, adjust the thickness of the lines written by the stylus on the touch screen.
  • the sending module includes: a first electrode, a second electrode and a sending driving circuit.
  • the first electrode and the second electrode are both connected to the transmission driving circuit, and the transmission driving circuit is connected to the MCU.
  • the MCU is configured to generate a first pulse width modulation (pulse width modulation, PWM) signal and a second PWM signal, and send the first PWM signal and the second PWM signal to the transmission driving circuit.
  • the transmission driving circuit may drive the first electrode to transmit the first signal based on the first PWM signal, and drive the second electrode to transmit the second signal based on the second PWM signal. Both the first electrode and the second electrode may transmit signals, the first electrode may be referred to as TX1, and the second electrode may be referred to as TX2.
  • the first signal and the second signal may be referred to as downlink signals or coded signals.
  • the downlink signal may be a square wave signal.
  • the uplink signal and the downlink signal in the embodiments of the present application are based on the stylus. It is conceivable that based on the electronic device, the electronic device can send the downlink signal to the stylus, and the stylus can be based on the stylus.
  • Downlink signals send uplink signals to electronic devices. In the following embodiments, the stylus pen sends the downlink signal and the electronic device sends the uplink signal as an example for description.
  • the transmission driving circuit may include: a high-voltage driving signal module and a switch tube.
  • the MCU is respectively connected with the high-voltage driving signal module and the switch tube.
  • the switch tube is connected to the second electrode, and the high-voltage driving signal is connected to the first electrode and the second electrode respectively.
  • the high-voltage driving signal module is used for providing a high-voltage driving signal, driving the first electrode to send the first signal based on the first PWM signal from the MCU, and driving the second electrode to send the second signal based on the second PWM signal from the MCU.
  • the MCU is also used to control the switch tube to realize the switching of the second electrode between sending and receiving signals, that is, to realize the switching of the second electrode between TX2 and RX.
  • the specific circuit of the switch tube and the control method of the MCU are not described repeatedly in the embodiments of the present application. That is to say, the MCU can control the switch tube, so that the second electrode can be used as TX2, and the second electrode of TX2 can be connected to the transmission driving circuit, so that the second electrode can send the second signal.
  • the MCU can also control the switch tube, so that the second electrode is used as the RX, and the second electrode as the RX is connected to the receiving module, so that the second electrode can receive the uplink signal from the electronic device. In other words, the second electrode can be switched between TX2 and RX under the control of the MCU.
  • the receiving module includes a decoding circuit.
  • the decoding circuit can be connected with the switch tube, and the decoding circuit is also connected with the MCU.
  • the second electrode is used for receiving the uplink signal from the electronic device and sending the uplink signal to the decoding circuit.
  • the decoding circuit is used to decode the uplink signal and send the decoded uplink signal to the MCU.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of another scenario to which this embodiment of the present application is applicable.
  • a stylus and an electronic device may establish a Bluetooth connection, and a wireless path between the stylus and the electronic device may be referred to as a Bluetooth path.
  • a touch sensor in an electronic device includes an electrode array.
  • a circuit connection with the touch sensor in the electronic device can be established through a capacitor.
  • the path between the tip of the stylus and the touch sensor in the electronic device is called a circuit path.
  • the touch processing module when the electronic device is successfully connected with the stylus via Bluetooth, can control the touch sensor to send an uplink signal through the circuit path. In one embodiment, when the electronic device is successfully connected to the stylus via Bluetooth and the electronic device detects that the stylus is not charged, the touch processing module can control the touch sensor to send an uplink signal through the circuit path. In one embodiment, when the electronic device is successfully connected to the stylus via Bluetooth, and the electronic device detects that the stylus is in a moving state, the touch processing module can control the touch sensor to send an uplink signal through the circuit path. It should be understood that the trigger conditions for different electronic devices to send uplink signals may be different. In the following embodiments, "when the electronic device is successfully connected to the stylus via Bluetooth, the touch processing module controls the touch sensor to send the uplink signal through the circuit path" as an example. Be explained.
  • the second electrode based on the circuit path, can receive the upstream signal from the electronic device and send the upstream signal to the decoding circuit.
  • the decoding circuit can transmit the decoded uplink signal to the MCU.
  • the MCU controls the transmission driving circuit to drive the first electrode to transmit the first signal and to drive the second electrode to transmit the second signal based on the input and decoded uplink signal. That is, the stylus can send downstream signals through the circuit path.
  • Touch sensors in electronic devices can receive downstream signals based on circuit paths.
  • the touch processing module can acquire the position and included angle of the tip of the stylus based on the downlink signal collected by the touch sensor.
  • FIG. 11A is a schematic diagram of the capacitance value change of the touch screen.
  • the touch sensor receives the first signal from the first electrode of the stylus
  • the capacitance value at the corresponding position of the touch screen will change.
  • the peak of the capacitance value represents the change of the capacitance value at the corresponding position of the touch screen
  • the electronic device can determine the position of the tip of the stylus based on the change of the capacitance value on the touch screen.
  • the electronic device can obtain the included angle by using the double-tip projection method in the tilt angle detection algorithm.
  • the first electrode and the second electrode in the stylus can be disposed on the tip of the stylus, the first electrode is disposed close to the tip of the stylus, and the second electrode is farther from the tip of the stylus than the first electrode.
  • the touch sensor receives the first signal from the first electrode of the stylus and the second signal from the second electrode, the capacitance values at two positions of the touch screen (such as position B and position C) will change, and the electronic device can Based on the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the distance between two positions on the touch screen, the included angle is obtained.
  • FIG. 11A the positions where the stylus touches the touch screen are represented by black dots, and the positions B and C are represented by black dots in FIG. 11B .
  • the refresh rate of the electronic device the number of times the screen displayed by the electronic device is refreshed per second.
  • the refresh rate of an electronic device may also be referred to as the display frequency or display frame rate.
  • the refresh rate of the electronic device may be, but not limited to, 60Hz, 90Hz, and 120Hz. Exemplarily, the refresh rate of the electronic device is 60 Hz, which means that the electronic device refreshes the picture displayed on the touch screen every 16.6 ms (1000 ms/60).
  • the electronic device sends an uplink signal at a refresh rate of 60Hz: it means that the electronic device sends an uplink signal to the stylus every 16.6ms.
  • Period of Uplink Signal Indicates the time period between two uplink signals sent by the electronic device. If the refresh rate of the electronic device is 60Hz, the period of the uplink signal is 16.6ms.
  • the electronic device samples the downlink signals based on the refresh rate: the electronic device samples N downlink signals in a period of an uplink signal based on the refresh rate of the electronic device.
  • the refresh rate of the electronic device is 60 Hz
  • the electronic device is characterized based on sampling downlink signals at 60 Hz: the electronic device samples N downlink signals from the stylus within 16.6 ms after sending the uplink signal to the stylus.
  • N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and N may be predetermined, for example, N is 3.
  • the stylus sends downlink signals based on the refresh rate: the electronic device sends N downlink signals within a period of an uplink signal based on the refresh rate of the electronic device.
  • the refresh rate of the electronic device is 60 Hz
  • the stylus is characterized by sending downlink signals at 60 Hz: the stylus sends N downlink signals to the electronic device within 16.6ms after receiving the uplink signal from the electronic device.
  • the electronic device and the stylus signal are synchronized: the electronic device can sample each downlink signal from the stylus, and can obtain the position and angle of the stylus once based on each downlink signal.
  • FIG. 12 is a signal timing diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 12 shows a timing diagram for signal synchronization between the electronic device and the stylus.
  • Fig. 12 shows the timing of sending the uplink signal by the electronic device and sampling the downlink signal from the stylus, and also shows the timing of sending the downlink signal by the stylus, in the stylus, TX1 sends the first signal, and TX2 sends the first signal.
  • the refresh rate of the electronic device is 60 Hz
  • the electronic device samples the downlink signal based on 60Hz
  • the stylus sends the downlink signal based on 60Hz.
  • the electronic device can send an uplink signal to the stylus every 16.6ms.
  • the stylus RX
  • the stylus RX
  • the stylus RX
  • the stylus RX
  • the stylus RX
  • the stylus can receive an uplink signal from the electronic device every 16.6ms.
  • any uplink signal in the interaction process between the electronic device and the stylus is used as an example for description.
  • the stylus receives the uplink signal from the electronic device, it can send N downlink signals within 16.6ms.
  • TX1 can send N first signals within 16.6ms
  • TX2 can send N second signals within 16.6ms.
  • the electronic device after sending the uplink signal, the electronic device can sample the downlink signal from the stylus N times within 16.6ms.
  • the stylus can send downlink signals based on the refresh rate of the electronic device. Therefore, after the electronic device sends the uplink signal, it can sample the downlink signals from the stylus N times within 16.6ms.
  • the downlink signal of the stylus acquires the position and angle of the tip of the stylus. The time between the electronic device sending the upstream signal and sampling the downstream signal from the stylus is used to display the picture.
  • a configuration file may be stored in the stylus and the electronic device, and the configuration file includes the values of a, b, c, and N.
  • a represents: the time period between when the stylus pen receives the uplink signal from the electronic device and sends the first downlink signal.
  • b represents: the duration between two adjacent downlink signals sent by the stylus.
  • c represents: the duration occupied by a downlink signal.
  • N represents: the number of downlink signals sent by the stylus between two adjacent uplink signals.
  • a, b, c, and N can be pre-agreed, that is, the electronic device can determine a strategy for sampling the downlink signal after sending the uplink signal based on the preconfigured a, b, c, and N, such as when an uplink signal is In the period, the downlink signal is sampled N times according to a, b, and c.
  • the stylus can determine the strategy for sending downlink signals based on the pre-configured a, b, c, and N. For example, after receiving the uplink signal from the electronic device, based on the refresh rate of the electronic device, according to a, b , c, send N downlink signals.
  • the electronic device samples the downlink signal from the stylus pen N times within the Ams of sending the uplink signal” described in the embodiments of the present application, it can be understood as: in the period Ams of an uplink signal, the electronic device is in After the ams after the uplink signal is sent, the downlink signal from the stylus is sampled for the first time, and then the downlink signal from the stylus is sampled every bms, and the downlink signal is sampled N times in total, and the duration of each sampling is cms.
  • a downlink signal is sent every bms, a total of N downlink signals are sent, and the duration occupied by each downlink signal is cms.
  • the electronic device can maintain signal synchronization with the stylus.
  • the refresh rate is 60Hz
  • A is 16.6ms
  • the refresh rate is 90Hz
  • A is 11.1ms.
  • a, b, and c are different, which can be understood as: a when the refresh rate is 60Hz is different from a when the refresh rate is 90Hz, and b when the refresh rate is 60Hz and the refresh rate is 90Hz.
  • the b is different when the refresh rate is 60Hz
  • the c when the refresh rate is 90Hz is different. That is, the refresh rate is different, and the a, b, and c in the configuration file are different.
  • a, b, c, and N may all be different when the refresh rates are different.
  • FIG. 13 is another signal timing diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that FIG. 13 is a timing diagram in which the signals of the electronic device and the stylus are not synchronized. 13, exemplarily, the refresh rate of the electronic device is switched from 60Hz to 90Hz, the electronic device samples the downlink signal based on 90Hz, the stylus fails to obtain the electronic device in time to switch the refresh rate, and the stylus still sends the downlink signal based on 60Hz . Referring to FIG. 13 , the electronic device sends an uplink signal every 11.1 ms. The electronic device samples the downlink signal from the stylus N times within 11.1ms after sending the uplink signal.
  • the stylus sends downlink signals based on 60Hz, within 16.6ms after the stylus receives the uplink signal from the electronic device, it sends N downlink signals, which causes the electronic device to sample the downlink signal and the stylus to send the downlink signal out of sync.
  • the downlink signal from the stylus cannot be sampled, so the electronic device cannot detect the position and angle of the tip of the stylus, that is, the signal synchronization between the electronic device and the stylus fails, resulting in the problem that the stylus cannot write.
  • the electronic device can switch the refresh rate based on different application scenarios.
  • the electronic device may adopt a refresh rate of 90 Hz in scenarios such as games or videos that require high picture fluency, so as to meet the user's demand for picture fluency.
  • Electronic devices can use a refresh rate of 60Hz in scenarios with low screen fluency requirements such as phones, which can reduce the power consumption of electronic devices. If the stylus cannot detect that the electronic device has switched the refresh rate when the electronic device switches the refresh rate, the refresh rate cannot be adjusted in time to synchronize the signal with the electronic device, and the stylus cannot write, as shown in Figure 13 above. shown.
  • the electronic device may send a switching command to the stylus before switching to the second refresh rate,
  • the switching command is used to indicate that the electronic device is about to switch to the second refresh rate, and instruct the stylus to synchronously adjust the frequency of sending downlink signals.
  • the stylus pen receives the switching command, it can send a downlink signal based on the refresh rate of the electronic device after switching. After the stylus adjusts the frequency of sending the downlink signal, it can feed back a switching response to the electronic device to notify the electronic device that the stylus has been adjusted. After receiving the switching response, the electronic device can switch to the second refresh rate.
  • the electronic device can notify the stylus when the refresh rate is switched, so that the stylus can obtain the refresh rate after the electronic device is switched, but this command interaction method has a long delay and requires multiple signaling interactions.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a signal synchronization method.
  • the stylus can monitor all the refresh rates supported by the electronic device based on the least common multiple of all the refresh rates supported by the electronic device.
  • the uplink signal of the device can detect whether the electronic device switches the refresh rate in time.
  • the stylus when the electronic device switches the refresh rate, the stylus can detect the change of the refresh rate of the electronic device without interacting with the stylus pen for signaling, with low latency and high efficiency.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a signal synchronization method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 15, the signal synchronization method may include:
  • the touch pen acquires a first refresh rate and a second refresh rate supported by the electronic device.
  • Both the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate may represent multiple refresh rates.
  • the first refresh rate may be a refresh rate of less than 100 Hz, such as 60 Hz and 90 Hz.
  • the second refresh rate may be a refresh rate greater than 100 Hz, such as 120 Hz and 150 Hz.
  • the following description takes the example that both the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate represent a numerical value, for example, the first refresh rate is 60 Hz, and the second refresh rate is 90 Hz.
  • the stylus can acquire the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate supported by the electronic device during the process of wirelessly connecting with the electronic device.
  • the electronic device can carry the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate in any signaling and send it to the stylus.
  • the electronic device may send a connection request to the stylus based on the MAC address of the stylus, and the connection request may carry the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate.
  • the electronic device may send the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate supported by the electronic device to the stylus. refresh rate.
  • the electronic device may send the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate supported by the electronic device to the stylus through a Bluetooth signal.
  • the sub-electronic device sends the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate supported by the electronic device to the stylus pen as an example for description.
  • the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate supported by the electronic device may be stored in the stylus.
  • the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate supported by the electronic device may be written in the stylus, or, when the stylus and the electronic device are wirelessly connected for the first time, the touch The control pen acquires the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate supported by the electronic device, and has stored the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate.
  • the electronic device samples the downlink signal from the stylus based on a third refresh rate, where the third refresh rate is equal to the first refresh rate or the second refresh rate.
  • the electronic device may send an uplink signal to the stylus at the first refresh rate or the second refresh rate.
  • the electronic device may sample the downlink signal from the stylus based on a third refresh rate, which may be equal to the first refresh rate or the second refresh rate.
  • the third refresh rate is greater than or equal to the refresh rate at which the electronic device sends the uplink signal to the stylus, so as to ensure that the electronic device can complete the sampling of the downlink signal within the period of the uplink signal.
  • the electronic device may send an uplink signal to the stylus at 60 Hz, and sample the downlink signal from the stylus based on 60 Hz.
  • the electronic device may send an upstream signal to the stylus at 60Hz and sample the downstream signal from the stylus based on 90Hz.
  • the electronic device may send an upstream signal to the stylus at 90 Hz, and sample the downstream signal from the stylus based on 90 Hz.
  • the stylus monitors the uplink signal from the electronic device at the fourth refresh rate, and sends the downlink signal based on the third refresh rate.
  • the fourth refresh rate is the least common multiple of "the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate".
  • the stylus can calculate a fourth refresh rate that is the least common multiple of the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate, and monitor the uplink signal from the electronic device at the fourth refresh rate.
  • the refresh rates supported by the electronic device are 60 Hz and 90 Hz, respectively, and the least common multiple of 60 Hz and 90 Hz is 180 Hz, and the fourth refresh rate is 180 Hz.
  • the stylus in order to avoid the problem that the stylus cannot detect in time because the electronic device switches the refresh rate, the stylus can monitor the uplink signal of the electronic device at the fourth refresh rate after the stylus is wirelessly connected to the electronic device. Further, the refresh rate of the electronic device can be acquired in time to determine whether the electronic device switches the refresh rate.
  • the stylus can determine whether to switch the refresh rate of the electronic device based on the monitored duration between two adjacent uplink signals. If the duration between two adjacent uplink signals changes, it is determined that the electronic device switches the refresh rate, and if the duration between the two adjacent uplink signals does not change, it is determined that the electronic device does not switch the refresh rate. Exemplarily, if the duration between two adjacent uplink signals is changed from 16.6 ms to 11.1 ms, the stylus can determine that the refresh rate of the electronic device is switched from 60 Hz to 90 Hz. In one embodiment, the time period between two adjacent uplink signals may be referred to as the period of the uplink signals.
  • the electronic device samples the downlink signal from the stylus based on the third refresh rate, the stylus sends the downlink signal based on the third refresh rate, and the electronic device can sample the downlink signal from the stylus, thereby keeping the electronic
  • the signals of the device and the stylus are synchronized.
  • the stylus when the electronic device is wirelessly connected to the stylus, the stylus can monitor the uplink signal from the electronic device at the least common multiple of all refresh rates supported by the electronic device. To detect whether the electronic device switches the refresh rate in time, compared with the prior art, the stylus can detect the refresh rate of the electronic device in time without interacting with the electronic device for signaling, with low latency and high efficiency.
  • the third refresh rate is equal to the first refresh rate. That is, the electronic device can send an uplink signal to the stylus at the first refresh rate, and based on the first refresh rate sampling the downlink signal from the stylus, the stylus monitors the uplink signal from the electronic device at the fourth refresh rate , and the downlink signal is sent based on the first refresh rate.
  • the first refresh rate is 60 Hz
  • the second refresh rate is 90 Hz.
  • the electronic device uses 60Hz to send the uplink signal, that is, the electronic device sends an uplink signal to the stylus every 16.6ms.
  • the stylus in order to detect the change of the refresh rate of the electronic device in time, the stylus can monitor the uplink signal at 180Hz, that is, the stylus can monitor the uplink signal from the electronic device every 5.5ms (1000ms/180).
  • the frequency at which the stylus monitors the uplink signal is higher than the frequency at which the electronic device sends the uplink signal, and the frequency at which the stylus monitors the uplink signal is a multiple of the frequency at which the electronic device sends the uplink signal, so the stylus can monitor to each upstream signal from the electronics.
  • the stylus sends downlink signals based on 60Hz, that is, the stylus can send N downlink signals within 16.6ms of receiving the uplink signals from the electronic device.
  • the electronic device monitors the downlink signal based on 60Hz, that is, the electronic device samples the downlink signal from the stylus pen N times within 16.6ms of sending the uplink signal, the electronic device can receive the downlink signal from the stylus pen, and can keep the electronic device and touch The signal of the pen is synchronized.
  • the stylus uses the fourth refresh rate to monitor the uplink signal from the electronic device. Even if the refresh rate of the electronic device changes, the stylus can still monitor the uplink signal from the electronic device.
  • the stylus can determine the refresh rate of the electronic device based on the period during which the uplink signal is received. When the stylus determines that the refresh rate of the electronic device is switched from the first refresh rate to the second refresh rate, the stylus can send a downlink signal based on the second refresh rate, thereby ensuring signal synchronization between the stylus and the electronic device, and In order to ensure subsequent signal synchronization between the stylus and the electronic device, the stylus may continue to monitor the uplink signal from the electronic device at the fourth refresh rate.
  • the switching of the refresh rate of the electronic device from the first refresh rate to the second refresh rate can be understood as: before the refresh rate switching, the electronic device sends the uplink signal at the first refresh rate, and samples the downlink signal based on the first refresh rate, and refreshes the After the rate switching, the electronic device sends the uplink signal at the second refresh rate, and samples the downlink signal based on the second refresh rate.
  • FIG. 16 is another signal timing diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the stylus uses 180Hz to monitor the uplink signal from the electronic device.
  • the stylus determines that the period of the uplink signal changes from 16.6ms to 11.1ms, and the stylus determines that the refresh rate of the electronic device is switched from 60Hz.
  • the stylus can send downlink signals based on the refresh rate of 90Hz.
  • the stylus can send N downlink signals within 11.1ms of receiving the uplink signal. Since the refresh rate of the electronic device is switched from 60Hz to 90Hz, the electronic device can send the uplink signal based on 90Hz.
  • the downlink signal is sampled N times, and the signal between the electronic device and the stylus is synchronized.
  • the third refresh rate is equal to the second refresh rate, that is, the electronic device sends an uplink signal to the stylus at the second refresh rate, and samples the downlink signal from the stylus based on the second refresh rate, and the touch The pen listens for the upstream signal from the electronic device at the fourth refresh rate and sends the downstream signal based on the second refresh rate.
  • the touch pen detects that the refresh rate of the electronic device is switched from the second refresh rate to the first refresh rate, the downlink signal can be sent based on the first refresh rate.
  • a refresh rate description.
  • the stylus after the stylus is wirelessly connected to the electronic device, the stylus can obtain the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate supported by the electronic device, and the fourth refresh rate is based on the least common multiple of the first refresh rate and the second refresh rate.
  • Refresh rate monitor the uplink signal from the electronic device, the stylus can detect whether the refresh rate of the electronic device has changed based on the period of the uplink signal, if it is detected that the refresh rate of the electronic device is switched from the first refresh rate to the second refresh rate, Then, the stylus can send the downlink signal based on the second refresh rate, thereby ensuring synchronization with the signal of the electronic device.
  • the stylus can determine whether the refresh rate of the electronic device has changed based on the period of the uplink signal, that is, the duration between two adjacent uplink signals received. In this embodiment, the stylus Whether the refresh rate of the electronic device has changed can only be determined when the latter uplink signal is monitored. Referring to Figure 17, at time t1, the stylus determines that the duration between two adjacent uplink signals received has changed from 16.6ms to 11.1ms, indicating that at time t0 before time t1, the refresh rate of the electronic device has changed from 60Hz. Switch to 90Hz, and the duration between time t0 and time t1 is 11.1ms.
  • the stylus still sends the downlink signal based on 60Hz, while the electronic device samples the downlink signal based on 90Hz. Therefore, between time t0 and time t1, the signals of the stylus and the electronic device are Asynchronous, that is, from time t0 to time t1, the electronic device cannot receive the downlink signal from the stylus, resulting in the problem of intermittent handwriting when the stylus writes.
  • the stylus can send downlink signals based on the maximum refresh rate supported by the electronic device.
  • the electronic device can sample the downlink signal from the stylus based on the maximum refresh rate supported by the electronic device, thereby ensuring that the electronic device switches the refresh rate from time t0 to time t1,
  • the signals of the stylus and the electronic device are still synchronized, which can achieve the purpose of synchronizing the real-time signals of the electronic device and the stylus.
  • the above S1202 may be replaced by: the electronic device sends an uplink signal to the stylus at the first refresh rate or the second refresh rate, and samples the downlink signal from the stylus based on the third refresh rate, and the third refresh rate The maximum refresh rate supported by the electronic device.
  • S1202 may be replaced by: the electronic device sends an uplink signal to the stylus at the first refresh rate or the second refresh rate, and samples the downlink signal from the stylus based on the third refresh rate, where the third refresh rate is equal to the second refresh rate rate, the second refresh rate is greater than the first refresh rate.
  • the refresh rates supported by the electronic device are 60 Hz and 90 Hz
  • the maximum refresh rate supported by the electronic device is 90 Hz
  • the third refresh rate is 90 Hz.
  • the reason why the stylus sends the downlink signal at the maximum refresh rate supported by the electronic device, instead of sending the downlink signal at the minimum refresh rate supported by the electronic device or other refresh rates supported by the electronic device, is that Because the stylus is based on the maximum refresh rate supported by the electronic device, it can transmit N downlink signals in the shortest time. If the stylus sends the downlink signal based on the minimum refresh rate supported by the electronic device, the stylus may receive the uplink signal from the electronic device before the downlink signal is sent, resulting in confusion of the uplink and downlink signals.
  • the electronic device sends an uplink signal at a refresh rate of 90Hz, monitors a downlink signal from a stylus based on a refresh rate of 60Hz, and the stylus monitors an uplink signal at a refresh rate of 180Hz, based on a refresh rate of 60Hz. rate to send downlink signals.
  • the electronic device sends an uplink signal every 11.1ms, and samples the downlink signal N times within 16.6ms of sending the uplink signal.
  • the stylus can send the downlink signal N times within 16.6ms after receiving the uplink signal.
  • the electronic device can receive the downlink signal from the stylus and maintain synchronization with the signal of the stylus, when the electronic device sends the next uplink signal, the downlink signal of the stylus has not been sent yet, causing the electronic device to send
  • the time overlap of the uplink signal and the sampled downlink signal causes errors in the transceiver mechanism of the electronic device and affects the interaction between the electronic device and the stylus.
  • the stylus sends a downlink signal based on the maximum refresh rate supported by the electronic device, it is assumed that the maximum refresh rate supported by the electronic device is 120Hz (the electronic device also supports 60Hz and 90Hz). That is, the electronic device sends the uplink signal at a refresh rate of 90Hz, samples the downlink signal from the stylus based on the refresh rate of 120Hz, and the stylus monitors the uplink signal at the refresh rate of 360Hz (the least common multiple of 60Hz, 90Hz and 120Hz). The downstream signal is sent based on a refresh rate of 120Hz.
  • the stylus can send N downlink signals within 8.3ms (1000ms/120) after receiving the uplink signal.
  • the electronic device can sample the downlink signal N times within 8.3ms after sending the uplink signal, so it can maintain signal synchronization with the stylus, and the interaction of the downlink signal can be completed within 8.3ms (less than 11.1ms). Affects the transmission of uplink signals from electronic equipment.
  • the stylus can send downlink signals based on the maximum refresh rate 120Hz supported by the electronic device, and monitor the uplink signals at 360Hz, and the electronic device can sample based on the maximum refresh rate 120Hz supported by the electronic device.
  • the refresh rate of the electronic device sending the uplink signal can be switched from 60Hz to 90Hz.
  • the stylus can monitor the uplink signal at 360 Hz, and can monitor each uplink signal when the refresh rate of the electronic device changes.
  • the stylus sends downlink signals based on 120Hz, so no matter whether the electronic device is 60Hz or 90Hz, the stylus can send N times of downlink signals within 8.3ms.
  • the electronic device samples the downlink signal based on 120Hz, so the stylus can keep the same with the electronic device. signal synchronization. Among them, from time t0 to time t1, the stylus can send N times of downlink signals within 8.3ms, and the electronic device can sample N times of downlink signals within 8.3ms, so the stylus can keep the signal synchronization with the electronic device, reaching The purpose of real-time synchronization of the signals of the stylus and the electronic device.
  • the stylus after the stylus is wirelessly connected to the electronic device, the stylus can send downlink signals based on the maximum refresh rate supported by the electronic device, and the electronic device can sample data from the stylus based on the maximum refresh rate supported by the electronic device.
  • the downlink signal of the electronic device and the stylus can be synchronized in real time, and the interaction quality of the electronic device and the stylus can be improved.
  • the second refresh rate is greater than the first refresh rate, for example, the first refresh rate is 90 Hz and the second refresh rate is 120 Hz.
  • the electronic device may sample the user signal based on the first refresh rate.
  • the user signal may be a signal of the user touching the touch screen of the electronic device. It should be understood that in each period of the uplink signal, the electronic device may sample the user signal M times, where M is an integer greater than 1, and M may be predetermined. In this way, the frequency of sampling the downlink signal and the sampling frequency of the user signal by the electronic device are inconsistent, and the control logic of the electronic device is complicated.
  • the electronic device when the electronic device samples the downlink signal from the stylus based on the second refresh rate, the electronic device also samples the user signal based on the second refresh rate, keeping the frequency of the electronic device sampling the downlink signal and sampling the user signal Consistent.
  • the first refresh rate is 90 Hz and the second refresh rate is 120 Hz.
  • the sampling frequency of the user signal is inconsistent, that is, the TP term is uneven.
  • the electronic device sends the uplink signal at 90Hz, and the electronic device samples the user signal based on 120Hz, the user signal can be sampled M times within 8.3ms after sending the uplink signal, but in the subsequent 2.8ms (11.1ms-8.3ms)
  • the user signal is not sampled, resulting in uneven reporting of points, resulting in a low signal-to-noise ratio of the reported points, which affects the quality of the user signal detected by the electronic device.
  • FIGS. 16-19B do not show the timing of sampling the user signal by the electronic device, and the timing of sampling the downlink signal by the electronic device is not shown in FIGS. 19C-20B .
  • the electronic device when the electronic device samples the user signal based on the second refresh rate, it may supplement the reporting point in the reporting point blank area (extend V-porch), so as to improve the reporting point uniformity and the signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the reporting point blank area may be: in a period of an uplink signal, the time period between the last time the electronic device samples the user signal to the end of the period of the uplink signal, as shown in FIG. 19C .
  • Supplementing the reporting point in the reporting point blank area can be understood as: continuing to sample user signals in the reporting point blank area. It should be understood that the reporting point blank area is used to display the screen.
  • the first uplink signal is any uplink signal from the electronic device
  • the second uplink signal is the first uplink signal after the first uplink signal. That is to say, after the electronic device sends the first uplink signal to the stylus at the first refresh rate and samples the last user signal based on the second refresh rate, it can continue to sample the user signal to supplement the report in the blank area of the report point. point.
  • the first uplink signal is the first uplink signal sent by the electronic device in FIG. 19C
  • the second uplink signal may be the second uplink signal sent by the electronic device in FIG. 19C .
  • the electronic device can supplement a preset number of reporting points in the reporting point blank area, that is, the electronic device can continue to sample the preset number of points after sampling the user signal for the last time in a period of an uplink signal.
  • the number of user signals, the preset number of 2 is exemplified in FIG. 20A .
  • the electronic device may supplement an announcement in the announcement blank area based on the second refresh rate.
  • the second refresh rate is 120 Hz
  • the electronic device may sample the user signal M times within 8.3 ms after sending the uplink signal, then the electronic device may supplement the report based on the second refresh rate of 120 Hz after sampling the user signal for the last time.
  • the electronic device when the electronic device samples the downlink signal based on the maximum refresh rate supported by the electronic device, the electronic device can sample the user signal based on the maximum refresh rate supported by the electronic device, and the electronic device can supplement the reporting point in the blank area of the reporting point , thereby improving the uniformity and signal-to-noise ratio of reported points, so as to improve the quality of user signals detected by electronic equipment.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a stylus as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the processor in the stylus can read the program stored in the memory to execute the actions performed by the stylus in the aforementioned signal synchronization system. It should be understood that memory is not shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device as shown in FIG. 7 , where the processor in the electronic device can read the program stored in the memory to execute the actions performed by the electronic device in the aforementioned signal synchronization system. It should be understood that the memory is not shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a signal synchronization system including a touch pen as shown in FIG. 6 and an electronic device as shown in FIG. 7 , and the signal synchronization system can execute the signal synchronization method in the above embodiments.
  • plural refers to two or more.
  • the term “and/or” in this article is only an association relationship to describe the associated objects, indicating that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, it can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and A and B exist independently B these three cases.
  • the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the related objects before and after are an “or” relationship; in the formula, the character "/" indicates that the related objects are a "division" relationship.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种应用于信号同步系统的方法、系统、触控笔和电子设备，系统包括触控笔和电子设备，电子设备支持第一刷新率和第二刷新率，该方法包括：电子设备与触控笔无线连接后，电子设备基于第三刷新率采样来自触控笔的下行信号，第三刷新率等于第一刷新率或第二刷新率；触控笔基于第三刷新率向电子设备发送下行信号，且以第四刷新率采样来自电子设备的上行信号，第四刷新率为第一刷新率和第二刷新率的最小公倍数。本申请实施例中，触控笔与电子设备连接后，可以以电子设备支持的所有的刷新率的最小公倍数监听来自电子设备的上行信号，进而可以及时检测到电子设备切换刷新率，时延小且效率高。

Description

应用于信号同步系统的方法、系统、触控笔和电子设备
本申请要求于2021年03月15日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202110293428.X、申请名称为“一种手写笔及其使用方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，以及于2021年04月02日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202110363220.0、申请名称为“应用于信号同步系统的方法、系统、触控笔和电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，该两个中国专利申请的全部或部分内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及终端技术，尤其涉及一种应用于信号同步系统的方法、系统、触控笔和电子设备。
背景技术
随着触控技术的发展，越来越多的电子设备采用触控方式进行人机交互。用户可以通过触控笔操作电子设备的触摸屏向电子设备提供输入，电子设备基于输入执行相应的操作。
目前，电子设备和触控笔无线连接后，为了保证电子设备和触控笔的信号同步，触控笔可以基于电子设备的刷新率，向电子设备发送下行信号。但电子设备在使用过程中，可以基于不同的应用场景切换刷新率，若触控笔不能及时检测到电子设备切换刷新率，则无法与电子设备保持信号同步，出现电子设备和触控笔无法交互的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种应用于信号同步系统的方法、系统、触控笔和电子设备，触控笔可以及时检测电子设备切换刷新率。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种应用于信号同步系统的方法，该系统中包括触控笔和电子设备，电子设备支持第一刷新率和第二刷新率。该方法包括：所述电子设备与所述触控笔无线连接后，所述电子设备基于第三刷新率采样来自所述触控笔的下行信号，所述第三刷新率等于所述第一刷新率或所述第二刷新率；所述触控笔基于所述第三刷新率向所述电子设备发送下行信号，且以第四刷新率采样来自所述电子设备的上行信号，所述第四刷新率为所述第一刷新率和所述第二刷新率的最小公倍数。在一种实施例中，所述第一刷新率为60Hz，所述第二刷新率为90Hz。
其中，无线连接可以但不限于为：蓝牙连接，WI-FI热点等。电子设备与触控笔无线连接后，可以以第三刷新率采样来自所述触控笔的下行信号，触控笔也以第三刷新率发送下行信号，电子设备可以采样到触控笔的下行信号，保持电子设备与触控笔的信号同步。另外，触控笔可以以第一刷新率和所述第二刷新率的最小公倍数监听上行信号，因为触控笔监听上行信号的频率为电子设备发送上行信号的频率的倍数，因此触控笔可以监听到来自电子设备的每个上行信号，进而可以及时检测到触控笔切换刷新率，触控笔无需与电子设备交互信令能够及时检测电子设备的刷新率，时延低且效率高。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述电子设备与所述触控笔无线连接的过程中，所述电子设备向所述触控笔发送所述电子设备支持的所述第一刷新率和所述第二刷新率。或者，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述电子设备与所述触控笔无线连接后，且电子设备向触控笔发送上行 信号之前，电子设备可以向所述触控笔发送所述电子设备支持的所述第一刷新率和所述第二刷新率。在一种可能的实现方式中，触控笔中可以存储有电子设备支持的所述第一刷新率和所述第二刷新率，其中，可以为触控笔在生产制造阶段生产的，或者触控笔与电子设备首次连接时电子设备发送后触控笔存储的。
在一种实施例中，所述第三刷新率等于所述第一刷新率。也就是说，电子设备在与触控笔无线连接后，可以以所述第一刷新率向所述触控笔发送上行信号，且基于第一刷新率采样下行信号。相应的，触控笔基于第一刷新率发送下行信号，且以第四刷新率采样来自所述电子设备的上行信号。
在该种实施例中，所述触控笔检测到所述电子设备从所述第一刷新率切换至所述第二刷新率时，所述触控笔基于所述第二刷新率向所述电子设备发送下行信号，且以所述第四刷新率采样来自所述电子设备的上行信号；所述电子设备从所述第一刷新率切换至所述第二刷新率表征：所述电子设备以所述第二刷新率向所述触控笔发送上行信号，且基于所述第二刷新率采样来自所述触控笔的下行信号。
其中，所述触控笔可以检测来自所述电子设备的上行信号的周期，判断所述电子设备是否从所述第一刷新率切换至所述第二刷新率；若所述周期改变，则确定所述电子设备从所述第一刷新率切换至所述第二刷新率，若所述周期不变，则确定所述电子设备的第一刷新率未发生改变。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第三刷新率等于所述第二刷新率。也就是说，电子设备在与触控笔无线连接后，可以以所述第二刷新率向所述触控笔发送上行信号，且基于第二刷新率采样下行信号。相应的，触控笔基于第二刷新率发送下行信号，且以第四刷新率采样来自所述电子设备的上行信号。
在该种实施例中，所述触控笔检测到所述电子设备从所述第二刷新率切换至所述第一刷新率时，所述触控笔基于所述第一刷新率向所述电子设备发送下行信号，且以所述第四刷新率采样来自所述电子设备的上行信号。
本申请实施例中，触控笔可以基于第一刷新率和第二刷新率的最小公倍数第四刷新率，监听来自电子设备的上行信号，检测电子设备的刷新率是否改变，若检测到电子设备的刷新率从第一刷新率切换至第二刷新率，则触控笔可以基于第二刷新率发送下行信号，进而保证与电子设备的信号同步。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第三刷新率等于所述第二刷新率，所述第二刷新率大于所述第一刷新率。也就是说，电子设备在与触控笔无线连接后，可以以电子设备支持的最大的刷新率采样下行信号。相应的，触控笔也基于电子设备支持的最大的刷新率下行信号，且以第四刷新率采样来自所述电子设备的上行信号。
本申请实施例中，因为电子设备采样下行信号与触控笔发送下行信号的刷新率相同，因此电子设备可以与触控笔保持同步，还可以保证电子设备在切换刷新率时，电子设备和触控笔的信号实时同步。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第三刷新率等于所述第二刷新率，所述第二刷新率大于所述第一刷新率。本申请实施例中，所述电子设备与所述触控笔无线连接后，所述电子设备可以以第一刷新率或所述第二刷新率向所述触控笔发送上行信号，在基于第二刷新率采样下行信号的同时，电子设备基于所述第二刷新率采样用户信号。其中，所述用户信号为用户触摸所述电子设备的触摸屏的信号。电子设备采样用户信号可以称为报点。
因为本申请实施例中，电子设备以电子设备支持的最大的刷新率采样用户信号，因此在 电子设备以第一刷新率发送上行信号时，报点不均匀，信噪比较低，影响电子设备对用户触摸电子设备的触摸屏的响应质量，进而影响用户体验。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一上行信号为来自电子设备的任一个上行信号，所述电子设备以所述第一刷新率向所述触控笔发送所述第一上行信号，且基于所述第二刷新率采样用户信号之后，还包括：所述电子设备继续采样用户信号，直至所述电子设备发送第二上行信号，所述第二上行信号为所述第一上行信号之后的第一个上行信号。
其中，所述电子设备继续采样用户信号的次数为预设次数。也就是说，电子设备在一个上行信号的周期内，采样最后一次用户信号后，可以继续采样预设数量次用户信号。在一种可能的实现方式中，所述电子设备可以基于所述第二刷新率继续采样用户信号。也就是说，电子设备保持报点的频率，在采样最后一个用户信号之后，按照相同的报点频率，增加报点(即继续采样用户信号)。
本申请实施例中，当电子设备基于电子设备支持的最大的刷新率采样下行信号时，电子设备可以基于电子设备支持的最大的刷新率采样用户信号，电子设备可以在报点空白区补充报点，进而提高报点的均匀度和信噪比，以提升电子设备检测用户信号的质量。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种信号同步方法，应用于触控笔，该方法可以包括：与电子设备无线连接后，基于第三刷新率向所述电子设备发送下行信号，且以第四刷新率采样来自所述电子设备的上行信号，所述第四刷新率为第一刷新率和第二刷新率的最小公倍数，所述电子设备支持所述第一刷新率和所述第二刷新率，所述第三刷新率等于所述第一刷新率或所述第二刷新率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述基于第三刷新率向所述电子设备发送下行信号之前，还包括：接收来自所述电子设备的所述电子设备支持的所述第一刷新率和所述第二刷新率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第三刷新率等于所述第一刷新率，所述方法还包括：当检测到所述电子设备从所述第一刷新率切换至所述第二刷新率时，基于所述第二刷新率向所述电子设备发送下行信号，且以所述第四刷新率采样来自所述电子设备的上行信号；所述电子设备从所述第一刷新率切换至所述第二刷新率表征：所述电子设备以所述第二刷新率向所述触控笔发送上行信号，且基于所述第二刷新率采样来自所述触控笔的下行信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：检测来自所述电子设备的上行信号的周期，判断所述电子设备是否从所述第一刷新率切换至所述第二刷新率；若所述周期改变，则确定所述电子设备从所述第一刷新率切换至所述第二刷新率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第三刷新率等于所述第二刷新率，所述第二刷新率大于所述第一刷新率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一刷新率为60Hz，所述第二刷新率为90Hz。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种信号同步方法，应用于电子设备，所述电子设备支持第一刷新率和第二刷新率，该方法包括：电子设备与触控笔无线连接后，基于第三刷新率采样来自触控笔的下行信号，所述第三刷新率等于所述第一刷新率或所述第二刷新率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述基于第三刷新率采样来自所述触控笔的下行信号之前，还包括：向所述触控笔发送所述电子设备支持的所述第一刷新率和所述第二刷新率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第三刷新率等于所述第一刷新率；所述与触控笔无线连接后，还包括：以所述第一刷新率向所述触控笔发送上行信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第三刷新率等于所述第二刷新率，所述第二刷新率大于所述第一刷新率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述与触控笔无线连接后，还包括：以所述第一刷新率或所述第二刷新率向所述触控笔发送上行信号；基于所述第二刷新率采样用户信号，所述用户信号为用户触摸所述电子设备的触摸屏的信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一上行信号为来自电子设备的任一个上行信号，所述以所述第一刷新率向所述触控笔发送所述第一上行信号，且基于所述第二刷新率采样用户信号之后，还包括：继续采样用户信号，直至发送第二上行信号，所述第二上行信号为所述第一上行信号之后的第一个上行信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述继续采样用户信号的次数为预设次数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述继续采样用户信号，包括：基于所述第二刷新率继续采样用户信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一刷新率为60Hz，所述第二刷新率为90Hz。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种触控笔，包括：处理器和存储器；所述存储器存储计算机执行指令；所述处理器执行所述存储器存储的计算机执行指令，使得所述处理器执行如第二方面所述的方法。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种电子设备，包括：处理器和存储器；所述存储器存储计算机执行指令；所述处理器执行所述存储器存储的计算机执行指令，使得所述处理器执行如第三方面所述的方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种信号同步系统，包括如上第四方面所述的触控笔，以及如上第五方面所述的电子设备。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第二方面和第三方面的方法。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第二方面和第三方面的方法。
上述第二方面至第八方面的各可能的实现方式，其有益效果可以参见上述第一方面和第一方面的各可能的实现方式所带来的有益效果，在此不加赘述。
本申请实施例提供了一种应用于信号同步系统的方法、系统、触控笔和电子设备，系统包括触控笔和电子设备，电子设备支持第一刷新率和第二刷新率，该方法包括：电子设备与触控笔无线连接后，电子设备基于第三刷新率采样来自触控笔的下行信号，第三刷新率等于第一刷新率或第二刷新率；触控笔基于第三刷新率向电子设备发送下行信号，且以第四刷新率采样来自电子设备的上行信号，第四刷新率为第一刷新率和第二刷新率的最小公倍数。本申请实施例中，触控笔与电子设备连接后，可以以电子设备支持的所有的刷新率的最小公倍数监听来自电子设备的上行信号，因此可以监听到来自电子设备的每个上行信号，进而可以及时检测电子设备切换刷新率，时延小且效率高。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例适用的一种场景示意图；
图2A为本申请实施例提供的触控笔的结构示意图；
图2B为本申请实施例提供的触控笔的部分拆分结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的触控笔与电子设备交互的示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的触控笔与无线键盘的装配示意图；
图5A为本申请实施例提供的触控笔收纳在无线键盘的收纳部中的示意图；
图5B为本申请实施例提供的触控笔收纳在无线键盘的收纳部时的侧面示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种触控笔的硬件结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的硬件结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种无线键盘的硬件结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的触控笔和电子设备交互的一种示意图；
图10为本申请实施例适用的另一种场景示意图；
图11A为触摸屏的电容值变化的一示意图；
图11B为触摸屏的电容值变化的另一示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种信号时序图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的另一种信号时序图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的触控笔调整刷新率的一种示意图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的信号同步方法的一实施例的流程示意图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的另一种信号时序图；
图17为本申请实施例提供的另一种信号时序图；
图18为本申请实施例提供的另一种信号时序图；
图19A为本申请实施例提供的另一种信号时序图；
图19B为本申请实施例提供的另一种信号时序图；
图19C为本申请实施例提供的另一种信号时序图；
图20A为本申请实施例提供的另一种信号时序图；
图20B为本申请实施例提供的另一种信号时序图。
具体实施方式
图1为本申请实施例适用的一种场景示意图。参照图1，该场景中包括触控笔(stylus)100、电子设备200和无线键盘300。图1中以电子设备200为平板电脑(tablet)为例进行说明。触控笔100和无线键盘300可以向电子设备200提供输入，电子设备200基于触控笔100或无线键盘300的输入，执行响应于该输入的操作。无线键盘300上可以设置触控区域，触控笔100可以操作无线键盘300的触控区域，向无线键盘300提供输入，无线键盘300可以基于触控笔100的输入执行响应于该输入的操作。在一种实施例中，触控笔100和电子设备200之间、触控笔100和无线键盘300之间，以及电子设备200和无线键盘300之间，可以通过通信网络进行互联，以实现无线信号的交互。该通信网络可以但不限于为：WI-FI热点网络、WI-FI点对点(peer-to-peer，P2P)网络、蓝牙网络、zigbee网络或近场通信(near field communication，NFC)网络等近距离通信网络。
触控笔100可以但不限于为：电感笔和电容笔。电子设备200具有触控屏201，触控笔100为电感笔时，与触控笔100交互的电子设备200的触控屏201上需要集成电磁感应板。电磁感应板上的分布有线圈，电感笔中也集成有线圈。基于电磁感应原理，在电磁感应板所产生的磁场范围内，随着电感笔的移动，电感笔能够积蓄电能。电感笔可以将积蓄的电能通过自由震荡，经电感笔中的线圈传输至电磁感应板。电磁感应板可以基于来自电感笔的电能，对电磁感应板上的线圈进行扫描，计算出电感笔在触控屏201上的位置。电子设备200中的触控屏201也可以称为触摸屏201，触控笔201可以称为手写笔。
电容笔可以包括：无源电容笔和有源电容笔。无源电容笔可以称为被动式电容笔，有源电容笔可以称为主动式电容笔。
主动式电容笔中(例如笔尖内)可以设置一个或多个电极，主动式电容笔可以通过电极发射信号。触控笔100为主动式电容笔时，与触控笔100交互的电子设备200的触控屏201上需要集成电极阵列。在一种实施例中，电极阵列可以为电容式电极阵列。电子设备200通过电极阵列可以接收来自主动式电容笔的信号，进而在接收到该信号时，基于触控屏201上的电容值的变化识别主动式电容笔在触控屏上的位置，以及主动式电容笔的倾角。
图2A为本申请实施例提供的触控笔的结构示意图。参照图2A所示，触控笔100可以包括笔尖10、笔杆20和后盖30。笔杆20的内部为中空结构，笔尖10和后盖30分别位于笔杆20的两端，后盖30与笔杆20之间可以通过插接或者卡合方式，笔尖10与笔杆20之间的配合关系详见图2B的描述。
图2B为本申请实施例提供的触控笔的部分拆分结构示意图。参照图2B所示，触控笔100还包括主轴组件50，主轴组件50位于笔杆20内，且主轴组件50在笔杆20内可滑动设置。主轴组件50上具有外螺纹51，笔尖10包括书写端11和连接端12，其中，笔尖10的连接端12具有与外螺纹51配合的内螺纹(未示出)。
当主轴组件50装配到笔杆20内时，笔尖10的连接端12伸入笔杆20内且与主轴组件50的外螺纹51螺纹连接。在一些其他示例中，笔尖10的连接端12与主轴组件50之间还可以通过卡合等可拆卸方式实现连接。通过笔尖10的连接端12与主轴组件50之间可拆卸相连，这样实现了对笔尖10的更换。
其中，为了对笔尖10的书写端11受到的压力进行检测，参照图2A所示，笔尖10与笔杆20之间具有间隙10a，这样可以确保笔尖10的书写端11受到外力时，笔尖10可以朝向笔杆20移动，笔尖10的移动会带动主轴组件50在笔杆20内移动。而对外力的检测，参照图2B所示，在主轴组件50上设有压感组件60，压感组件60的部分与笔杆20内的固定结构固定相连，压感组件60的部分与主轴组件50固定相连。这样，主轴组件50随着笔尖10移动时，由于压感组件60的部分与笔杆20内的固定结构固定相连，所以主轴组件50的移动会驱动压感组件60形变，压感组件60的形变传递给电路板70(例如，压感组件60与电路板70之间可以通过导线或者柔性电路板实现电连接)，电路板70根据压感组件60形变检测出笔尖10的书写端11的压力，从而根据笔尖10书写端11的压力控制书写端11的线条粗细。
需要说明的是，笔尖10的压力检测包括但不限于上述方法。例如，还可以通过在笔尖10的书写端11内设置压力传感器，由压力传感器检测笔尖10的压力。
本实施例中，参照图2B所示，触控笔100还包括多个电极，多个电极例如可以为第一发射电极41、接地电极43和第二发射电极42。第一发射电极41、接地电极43和第二发射电极42均与电路板70电连接。第一发射电极41可以位于笔尖10内且靠近书写端11，电路板70可以被配置为可以分别向第一发射电极41和第二发射电极42提供信号的控制板，第一发射电极41用于发射第一信号，当第一发射电极41靠近电子设备200的触控屏201时，第一发射电极41与电子设备200的触控屏201之间可以形成耦合电容，这样电子设备200可以接收到第一信号。其中，第二发射电极42用于发射第二信号，电子设备200根据接收到的第二信号可以判断触控笔100的倾斜角度。本申请实施例中，第二发射电极42可以位于笔杆20的内壁上。在一种示例中，第二发射电极42也可以位于主轴组件50上。
接地电极43可以位于第一发射电极41和第二发射电极42之间，或者，接地电极43可以位于第一发射电极41和第二发射电极42的外周围，接地电极43用于降低第一发射电极41和第二 发射电极42相互之间的耦合。
当电子设备200接收来自触控笔100的第一信号时，触控屏201对应位置处的电容值会发生变化。据此，电子设备200可以基于触控屏201上的电容值的变化，确定触控笔100(或触控笔100的笔尖)在触控屏201上的位置。另外，电子设备200可以采用倾角检测算法中的双笔尖投影方法获取触控笔100的倾斜角度。其中，第一发射电极41和第二发射电极42在触控笔100中的位置不同，因此当电子设备200接收来自触控笔100的第一信号和第二信号时，触控屏201上两个位置处的电容值会发生变化。电子设备200可以根据第一发射电极41和第二发射电极42之间的距离，以及触控屏201上电容值发生变化的两个位置处之间的距离，获取触控笔100的倾斜角度，更为详细的获取触控笔100的倾斜角度可以参照现有技术中双笔尖投影方法的相关描述。
本申请实施例中，参照图2B所示，触控笔100还包括：电池组件80，电池组件80用于向电路板70提供电源。其中，电池组件80可以包括锂离子电池，或者，电池组件80可以包括镍铬电池、碱性电池或镍氢电池等。在一种实施例中，电池组件80包括的电池可以为可充电电池或一次性电池，其中，当电池组件80包括的电池为可充电电池时，触控笔100可以通过无线充电方式对电池组件80中的电池进行充电。
其中，触控笔100为主动式电容笔时，参照图3，电子设备200和触控笔100无线连接后，电子设备200可以通过触控屏201上集成的电极阵列向触控笔100发送上行信号。触控笔100可以通过接收电极接收该上行信号，且触控笔100通过发射电极(例如第一发射电极41和第二发射电极42)发射下行信号。下行信号包括上述的第一信号和第二信号。当触控笔100的笔尖10接触触控屏201时，触控屏201对应位置处的电容值会发生变化，电子设备200可以基于触控屏201上的电容值，确定触控笔100的笔尖10在触控屏201上的位置。在一种实施例中，上行信号和下行信号可以为方波信号。
在一种实施例中，参照图4所示，无线键盘300可以包括第一部分301和第二部分302。示例性的，如无线键盘300可以包括：键盘主体和键盘套。第一部分301可以为键盘套，第二部分302为键盘主体。第一部分301用于放置电子设备200，第二部分302上可以设置有用于用户操作的按键、触控板等。
其中，无线键盘300使用时，需要将无线键盘300的第一部分301和第二部分302打开，而无线键盘300不使用时，无线键盘300的第一部分301和第二部分302能够合上。在一种实施例中，无线键盘300的第一部分301与第二部分302之间可以转动相连。例如，第一部分301与第二部分302之间可以通过转轴或者铰链相连，或者，在一些示例中，第一部分301与第二部分302之间通过柔性材料(例如皮质材料或布材料)实现转动相连。或者，在一些示例中，第一部分301与第二部分302可以一体成型，且第一部分301与第二部分302之间的连接处通过减薄处理，使得第一部分301与第二部分302之间的连接处可以弯折。其中，第一部分301和第二部分302之间的连接方式可以包括但不限于上述的几种转动连接方式。
其中，第一部分301可以包括至少两个转动相连的支架。例如，参照图4所示，第一部分301包括第一支架301a和第二支架301b，第一支架301a和第二支架301b之间转动相连，在使用时，可以采用第一支架301a和第二支架301b共同对电子设备200进行支撑(参照图1)。或者，第一支架301a对第二支架301b提供支撑，第二支架301b对电子设备200进行支撑。参照图4所示，第二支架301b与第二部分302之间转动相连。
其中，参照图4所示，为了便于对触控笔100进行收纳，无线键盘300上可以设置有收纳触控笔100的收纳部303。参照图4所示，收纳部303为筒状的腔体，收纳时，触控笔100沿着图4 中的箭头方向插入收纳腔体中。本实施例中，参照图4所示，第二部分302和第二支架301b之间通过连接部304转动连接，连接部304中设置有收纳部303。其中，连接部304可以为转轴。
图5A为本申请实施例提供的触控笔收纳在无线键盘的收纳部中的示意图，图5B为本申请实施例提供的触控笔收纳在无线键盘的收纳部时的侧面示意图。参照图5B所示，收纳部303为圆形腔体，且收纳部303的内径大于触控笔100的外径。
其中，为了避免触控笔100放置于收纳部303中掉落，在一种实施例中，收纳部303的内壁上可以设置有磁性材料，触控笔100中可以设置磁性材料。触控笔100通过磁性材料之间的磁性吸附作用吸附在收纳部303内。当然，在一些示例中，触控笔100与收纳部303之间固定时，包括但不限于采用磁力吸附实现固定，例如，触控笔100与收纳部303之间还可以通过卡合方式实现固定。
其中，为了方便触控笔100从收纳部303中取出，收纳部303内可以设置弹出结构，例如，按压触控笔100的一端，弹出机构可以驱动触控笔100的一端从收纳部303向外弹出。
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种触控笔的硬件结构示意图。参照图6所示，触控笔100可以具有处理器110。处理器110可以包括用于支持触控笔100的操作的存储和处理电路。存储和处理电路可以包括诸如非易失性存储器的存储装置(例如，闪存存储器或构造为固态驱动器的其它电可编程只读存储器)、易失性存储器(例如，静态或动态随机存取存储器)等。处理器110中的处理电路可以用来控制触控笔100的操作。处理电路可以基于一个或多个微处理器、微控制器、数字信号处理器、基带处理器、电源管理单元、音频芯片、专用集成电路等。
触控笔100中可以包括一个或多个传感器。例如，传感器可以包括压力传感器120。压力传感器120可以设置在触控笔100的书写端11(如图2B所示)。当然，压力传感器120还可以设在触控笔100的笔杆20内，这样，触控笔100的笔尖10一端受力后，笔尖10的另一端移动将力作用到压力传感器120。在一种实施例中，处理器110根据压力传感器120检测到的压力大小可以调整触控笔100的笔尖10书写时的线条粗细。
传感器也可以包括惯性传感器130。惯性传感器130可以包括三轴加速计和三轴陀螺仪，和/或，用于测量触控笔100的运动的其它部件，例如，三-轴磁力计可以以九-轴惯性传感器的构造被包括在传感器中。传感器也可以包括附加的传感器，诸如温度传感器、环境光传感器、基于光的接近传感器、接触传感器、磁传感器、压力传感器和/或其它传感器。
触控笔100中可以包括如发光二极管的状态指示器140和按钮150。状态指示器140用于向用户提示触控笔100的状态。按钮150可以包括机械按钮和非机械按钮，按钮150可以用于从用户收集按钮按压信息。
本申请实施例中，触控笔100中可以包括一个或多个电极160(具体可以参照图2B中的描述)，其中一个电极160可以位于触控笔100的书写端处，其中一个电极160可以位于笔尖10内，可以参照上述的相关描述。
触控笔100中可以包括感测电路170。感测电路170可感测位于电极160和与触控笔100交互的电容触摸传感器面板的驱动线之间的电容耦合。感测电路170可以包括用以接收来自电容触摸传感器面板的电容读数的放大器、用以生成解调信号的时钟、用以生成相移的解调信号的相移器、用以使用同相解调频率分量来解调电容读数的混频器、以及用以使用正交解调频率分量来解调电容读数的混频器等。混频器解调的结果可用于确定与电容成比例的振幅，使得触控笔100可以感测到与电容触摸传感器面板的接触。
可以理解的是，根据实际需求，在触控笔100可以包括麦克风、扬声器、音频发生器、 振动器、相机、数据端口以及其它设备。用户可以通过利用这些设备提供命令来控制触控笔100和与触控笔100交互的电子设备200的操作，并且接收状态信息和其它输出。
处理器110可以用于运行触控笔100上的控制触控笔100的操作的软件。触控笔100的操作过程中，运行在处理器110上的软件可以处理传感器输入、按钮输入和来自其它装置的输入以监视触控笔100的移动和其它用户输入。在处理器110上运行的软件可以检测用户命令并且可以与电子设备200通信。
为了支持触控笔100与电子设备200的无线通信，触控笔100可以包括无线模块。图6中以无线模块为蓝牙模块180为例进行说明。无线模块还可以为WI-FI热点模块、WI-FI点对点模块等。蓝牙模块180可以包括射频收发器，例如收发器。蓝牙模块180也可以包括一个或多个天线。收发器可以利用天线发射和/或接收无线信号，无线信号基于无线模块的类型，可以是蓝牙信号、无线局域网信号、诸如蜂窝电话信号的远程信号、近场通信信号或其它无线信号。
触控笔100还可以包括充电模块190，充电模块190可以支持触控笔100的充电，为触控笔100提供电力。
应理解，本申请实施例中的电子设备200可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、终端(terminal)等，例如，电子设备200可以为平板电脑(portable android device，PAD)、个人数字处理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备、车载设备或可穿戴设备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等具有触控屏的移动终端或固定终端。本申请实施例中对终端设备的形态不做具体限定。
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的硬件结构示意图。参照图7，电子设备200可以包括多个子系统，这些子系统协作以执行、协调或监控电子设备202的一个或多个操作或功能。电子设备200包括处理器210、输入表面220、协调引擎230、电源子系统240、电源连接器250、无线接口260和显示器270。
示例性的，协调引擎230可以用于与电子设备200的其他子系统进行通信和/或处理数据；与触控笔100通信和/或交易数据；测量和/或获得一个或多个模拟或数字传感器(诸如触摸传感器)的输出；测量和/或获得传感器节点阵列(诸如电容感测节点的阵列)的一个或多个传感器节点的输出；接收和定位来自触控笔100的尖端信号和环信号；基于尖端信号交叉区域和环形信号交叉区域的位置来定位触控笔100等。
电子设备200的协调引擎230包括或以其他方式可通信地耦接至位于输入表面220下方或与该输入表面集成一体的传感器层。协调引擎230利用传感器层对输入表面220上的触控笔100进行定位，并使用本文所述的技术来估计触控笔100相对于输入表面220的平面的角位置。在一种实施例中，输入表面220可以称为触控屏201。
例如，电子设备200的协调引擎230的传感器层是布置为列和行的电容感测节点网格。更具体地说，列迹线阵列被设置成垂直于行迹线阵列。传感器层可以与电子设备的其他层分开，或者传感器层可以直接设置在另一个层上，其他层诸如但不限于：显示器叠堆层、力传感器层、数字转换器层、偏光器层、电池层、结构性或装饰性外壳层等。
传感器层能够以多种模式操作。如果以互电容模式操作，则列迹线和行迹线在每个重叠 点(例如，“垂直”互电容)处形成单个电容感测节点。如果以自电容模式操作，则列迹线和行迹线在每个重叠点处形成两个(垂直对齐的)电容感测节点。在另一个实施方案中，如果以互电容模式操作，则相邻的列迹线和/或相邻的行迹线可各自形成单个电容感测节点(例如，“水平”互电容)。如上所述，传感器层可以通过监测在每个电容感测节点处呈现的电容(例如，互电容或自电容)变化来检测触控笔100的笔尖10的存在和/或用户手指的触摸。在许多情况下，协调引擎230可被配置为经由电容耦合来检测通过传感器层从触控笔100接收的尖端信号及环信号。
其中，尖端信号和/或环信号可以包括可被配置为令电子设备200识别触控笔100的特定信息和/或数据。此类信息在本文通常被称为“触笔身份”信息。该信息和/或数据可以由传感器层接收，并由协调引擎230解译、解码和/或解调。
处理器210可以使用触笔身份信息来同时接收来自一支以上的触笔的输入。具体地，协调引擎230可被配置为将由协调引擎230检测到的若干触笔中的每个触笔的位置和/或角位置传输给处理器210。在其他情况下，协调引擎230还可以向处理器210传输与由协调引擎230检测到的多个触笔的相对位置和/或相对角位置有关的信息。例如，协调引擎220可以通知处理器210所检测的第一触控笔位于距离所检测的第二触控笔的位置。
在其他情况下，端信号和/或环信号还可以包括用于令电子设备200识别特定用户的特定信息和/或数据。此类信息在本文通常被称为“用户身份”信息。
协调引擎230可以将用户身份信息(如果检测到和/或可复原的话)转发到处理器210。如果用户身份信息不能从尖端信号和/或环信号中复原，则协调引擎230可以可选地向处理器210指示用户身份信息不可用。处理器210能够以任何合适的方式利用用户身份信息(或不存在该信息的情况)，包括但不限于：接受或拒绝来自特定用户的输入，允许或拒绝访问电子设备的特定功能等。处理器210可以使用用户身份信息来同时接收来自一个以上的用户的输入。
在另外的其他情况下，尖端信号和/或环信号可以包括可被配置为令电子设备200识别用户或触控笔100的设置或偏好的特定信息和/或数据。此类信息在本文通常被称为“触笔设置”信息。
协调引擎230可以将触笔设置信息(如果检测到和/或可复原的话)转发到处理器210。如果触笔设置信息不能从尖端信号和/或环信号中复原，则协调引擎230可以可选地向处理器210指示触笔设置信息不可用。电子设备200能够以任何合适的方式利用触笔设置信息(或不存在该信息的情况)，包括但不限于：将设置应用于电子设备，将设置应用于在电子设备上运行的程序，改变由电子设备的图形程序所呈现的线条粗细、颜色、图案，改变在电子设备上操作的视频游戏的设置等。
一般而言，处理器210可被配置为执行、协调和/或管理电子设备200的功能。此类功能可以包括但不限于：与电子设备200的其他子系统通信和/或交易数据，与触控笔100通信和/或交易数据，通过无线接口进行数据通信和/或交易数据，通过有线接口进行数据通信和/或交易数据，促进通过无线(例如，电感式、谐振式等)或有线接口进行电力交换，接收一个或多个触笔的位置和角位置等。
处理器210可被实现为能够处理、接收或发送数据或指令的任何电子设备。例如，处理器可以是微处理器、中央处理单元、专用集成电路、现场可编程门阵列、数字信号处理器、模拟电路、数字电路或这些设备的组合。处理器可以是单线程或多线程处理器。处理器可以是单核或多核处理器。
在使用期间，处理器210可被配置为访问存储有指令的存储器。该指令可被配置为使处 理器执行、协调或监视电子设备200的一个或多个操作或功能。
存储在存储器中的指令可被配置为控制或协调电子设备200的其他部件的操作，该部件诸如但不限于：另一处理器、模拟或数字电路、易失性或非易失性存储器模块、显示器、扬声器、麦克风、旋转输入设备、按钮或其他物理输入设备、生物认证传感器和/或系统、力或触摸输入/输出部件、通信模块(诸如无线接口和/或电源连接器)，和/或触觉或触觉反馈设备。
存储器还可存储可由触笔或处理器使用的电子数据。例如，存储器可以存储电子数据或内容(诸如媒体文件、文档和应用程序)、设备设置和偏好、定时信号和控制信号或者用于各种模块的数据、数据结构或者数据库，与检测尖端信号和/或环信号相关的文件或者配置等等。存储器可被配置为任何类型的存储器。例如，存储器可被实现作为随机存取存储器、只读存储器、闪存存储器、可移动存储器、其他类型的存储元件或此类设备的组合。
电子设备200还包括电源子系统240。电源子系统240可包括电池或其它电源。电源子系统240可被配置为向电子设备200提供电力。电源子系统240还可耦接到电源连接器250。电源连接器250可以是任何合适的连接器或端口，其可被配置为从外部电源接收电力并且/或者被配置为向外部负载提供电力。例如，在一些实施方案中，电源连接器250可以用于对电源子系统240内的电池进行再充电。在另一个实施方案中，电源连接器250可以用于将存储在(或可用于)电源子系统240内的电力传输到触控笔100。
电子设备200还包括无线接口260，以促进电子设备200与触控笔100之间的电子通信。在一个实施方案中，电子设备200可被配置为经由低能量蓝牙通信接口或近场通信接口与触控笔100通信。在其他示例中，通信接口有利于电子设备200与外部通信网络、设备或平台之间的电子通信。
无线接口260(无论是电子设备200与触控笔100之间的通信接口还是另外的通信接口)可被实现为一个或多个无线接口、蓝牙接口、近场通信接口、磁性接口、通用串行总线接口、电感接口、谐振接口，电容耦合接口、Wi-Fi接口、TCP/IP接口、网络通信接口、光学接口、声学接口或任何传统的通信接口。
电子设备200还包括显示器270。显示器270可以位于输入表面220后方，或者可以与其集成一体。显示器270可以通信地耦接至处理器210。处理器210可以使用显示器270向用户呈现信息。在很多情况下，处理器210使用显示器270来呈现用户可以与之交互的界面。在许多情况下，用户操纵触控笔100与界面进行交互。
对于本领域的技术人员而言将显而易见的是，上文关于电子设备200所呈现的具体细节中的一些细节可为实践特定的所述实施方案或其等同物所不需要的。类似地，其他电子设备可以包括更多数量的子系统、模块、部件等。在适当的情况下，一些子模块可以被实现为软件或硬件。因此，应当理解，上述描述并非旨在穷举或将本公开限制于本文所述的精确形式。相反，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将显而易见的是，根据上述教导内容，许多修改和变型是可能的。
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种无线键盘的硬件结构示意图。参照图8，该无线键盘300可以包括处理器310，存储器320，充电接口330，充电管理模块340，无线充电线圈350，电池360，无线通信模块370，触控板380，键盘390。
其中，上述处理器310，存储器320，充电接口330，充电管理模块340，电池360，无线通信模块370，触控板380，键盘390等均可以设置在无线键盘300的键盘主体(即如图4所示的第二部分302)上。上述无线充电线圈350可以设置在用于活动连接键盘主体和支架 的连接部304(如图4所示)中。可以理解的是，本实施例示意的结构并不构成对无线键盘300的具体限定。在另一些实施例中，无线键盘300可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件，软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。
其中，存储器320可以用于存储程序代码，如用于为触控笔100无线充电的程序代码等。存储器320中还可以存储有用于唯一标识无线键盘300的蓝牙地址。另外，该存储器320中还可以存储有与无线键盘300之前成功配对过的电子设备的连接数据。例如，该连接数据可以为与该无线键盘300成功配对过的电子设备的蓝牙地址。基于该连接数据，无线键盘300能够与该电子设备自动配对，而不必配置与其之间的连接，如进行合法性验证等。上述蓝牙地址可以为媒体访问控制(media access control，MAC)地址。
处理器310可以用于执行上述应用程序代码，调用相关模块以实现本申请实施例中无线键盘300的功能。例如，实现无线键盘300有线充电功能，反向无线充电功能，无线通信功能等。处理器310可以包括一个或多个处理单元，不同的处理单元可以是独立的器件，也可以集成在一个或多个处理器310中。处理器310具体可以是集成的控制芯片，也可以由包括各种有源和/或无源部件的电路组成，且该电路被配置为执行本申请实施例描述的属于处理器310的功能。其中，无线键盘300的处理器可以是微处理器。
无线通信模块370可以用于支持无线键盘300与其他电子设备之间包括蓝牙(bluetooth，BT)，全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GNSS)，无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)(如无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)网络)，调频(frequency modulation，FM)，近距离无线通信技术(near field communication，NFC)，红外技术(infrared，IR)等无线通信的数据交换。
在一些实施例中，该无线通信模块370可以为蓝牙芯片。该无线键盘300可以是蓝牙键盘。无线键盘300可以通过该蓝牙芯片与其他电子设备的蓝牙芯片之间进行配对并建立无线连接，以通过该无线连接实现无线键盘300和其他电子设备之间的无线通信。
另外，无线通信模块370还可以包括天线，无线通信模块370经由天线接收电磁波，将电磁波信号调频以及滤波处理，将处理后的信号发送到处理器310。无线通信模块370还可以从处理器310接收待发送的信号，对其进行调频，放大，经天线转为电磁波辐射出去。
在一些实施例中，无线键盘300可以支持有线充电。具体的，充电管理模块340可以通过充电接口330接收有线充电器的充电输入。
在另一些实施例中，无线键盘300可以支持正向无线充电。充电管理模块340可以通过无线键盘300的无线充电线圈350接收无线充电输入。具体的，充电管理模块340与无线充电线圈350通过匹配电路连接。无线充电线圈350可以与上述无线充电器的无线充电线圈耦合，感应无线充电器的无线充电线圈350发出的交变电磁场，产生交变电信号。无线充电线圈350产生的交变电信号经过匹配电路传输至充电管理模块340，以便为电池330无线充电。
其中，充电管理模块340为电池330充电的同时，还可以为无线键盘300供电。充电管理模块340接收电池330的输入，为处理器310，存储器320，外部存储器和无线通信模块370等供电。充电管理模块340还可以用于监测电池360的电池容量，电池循环次数，电池健康状态(漏电，阻抗)等参数。在其他一些实施例中，充电管理模块340也可以设置于处理器310中。
在另一些实施例中，无线键盘300可以支持反向无线充电。具体的，充电管理模块340还可以接收充电接口330或者电池360的输入，将充电接口330或者电池360输入的直流电 信号转换为交流电信号。该交流电信号经过匹配电路传输至无线充电线圈350。无线充电线圈350接收到该交流电信号可以产生交变电磁场。其他移动终端的无线充电线圈感应该交变电磁场，可以进行无线充电。即无线键盘300还可以为其他移动终端无线充电。在一种实施例中，无线充电线圈350可以设置在无线键盘300的收纳部303中，触控笔100的笔杆20内设置有无线充电线圈，当触控笔100放置在收纳部303中时，无线键盘300可以通过无线充电线圈350，为触控笔100进行充电。
需要说明的是，上述匹配电路可以集成在充电管理模块340中，该匹配电路也可以独立于充电管理模块340，本申请实施例对此不作限制。图8以匹配电路可以集成在充电管理模块340中为例，示出无线键盘300的硬件结构示意图。
充电接口350，可以用于提供无线键盘300与其他电子设备(如该无线键盘300的有线充电器)之间进行充电或通信的有线连接。
上述触控板380中集成有触摸传感器。笔记本电脑可以通过触控板380和键盘390接收用户对笔记本电脑的控制命令。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例示意的结构并不构成对无线键盘300的具体限定。其可以具有比图8示出的更多的或者更少的部件，可以组合两个或更多的部件，或者可以具有不同的部件配置。例如，上述无线键盘300的壳体上还可以设置有用于收纳触控笔100的收纳腔。上述无线充电线圈350设置于上述收纳腔内，用于当触控笔100收纳于上述收纳腔内后，为该触控笔100无线充电。
又例如，在无线键盘300的外表面还可以包括按键、指示灯(可以指示电量、呼入/呼出、配对模式等状态)、显示屏(可以提示用户相关信息)等部件。其中，该按键可以是物理按键或触摸按键(与触摸传感器配合使用)等，用于触发开机、关机、开始充电、停止充电等操作。
图9为本申请实施例提供的触控笔和电子设备交互的一种示意图。参照图9，触控笔中包括：微处理单元(micro controller unit，MCU)、第一通信模块、充电模块、压力传感器模块、发送模块(transport，TX)和接收模块(receive，RX)。电子设备中包括：触摸传感器、触摸处理模块和第二通信模块。应理解，下述实施例以第一通信模块和第二通信模块均为蓝牙模块为例进行说明，第一通信模块和第二通信模块还可以为无线局域网模块、WI-FI模块等，本申请实施例对此不作限制。应理解，触控笔和电子设备，可以通过第一通信模块和第二通信模块建立无线通路，交互无线信号。
电子设备中，触摸处理模块分别与触摸传感器、第二通信模块连接。触摸传感器中可以包括电极阵列。触摸传感器，用于采集触摸数据，触摸数据可以包括：触控笔触摸触摸屏的数据。触摸处理模块，用于基于触摸传感器采集的触摸数据，确定触控笔的笔尖的位置，以及触控笔与触摸屏的夹角(下述简称为夹角)。其中，当电子设备和触控笔无线建立无线通路，即无线连接后，触摸处理模块可以通过电极阵列发送上行信号，上行信号用于指示触控笔反馈下行信号。触摸处理模块可以基于来自触控笔的下行信号，确定触控笔的笔尖的位置，以及夹角。在一种实施例中，上行信号可以为方波信号，触摸处理模块可以为触摸IC芯片(integrated circuit chip)。
触控笔中，MCU分别与第一通信模块、充电模块、压力传感器模块、发送模块，以及接收模块连接。应理解，MCU可以理解为图6所示的处理器。充电模块，用于为触控笔进行充电。压力传感器模块中包括：压力传感器和压力数据处理模块。压力传感器与压力数据处理 模块连接，压力数据处理模块与MCU连接。压力传感器可以设置在触控笔的笔尖，压力传感器，用于检测笔尖的压力。数据处理模块，用于采集来自压力传感器的压力数据，且将压力数据发送给MCU。在一种实施例中，MCU可以基于第一通信模块，向电子设备发送压力数据。电子设备可以基于第二通信模块接收到来自触控笔的压力数据，且基于压力数据，调节触控笔在触摸屏上书写的线条的粗细。
发送模块中包括：第一电极、第二电极和发送驱动电路。第一电极、第二电极均与发送驱动电路连接，发送驱动电路与MCU连接。MCU，用于生成第一脉冲宽度调制(pulse width modulation，PWM)信号和第二PWM信号，且向发送驱动电路发送第一PWM信号和第二PWM信号。发送驱动电路可以基于第一PWM信号，驱动第一电极发送第一信号，以及，基于第二PWM信号，驱动第二电极发送第二信号。第一电极和第二电极均可以发送信号，第一电极可以称为TX1，第二电极可以称为TX2。在一种实施例中，第一信号和第二信号可以称为下行信号或者打码信号。在一种实施例中，下行信号可以为方波信号。应理解，本申请实施例中的上行信号和下行信号是基于触控笔来说的，可以想到的是，基于电子设备来说，电子设备可以向触控笔发送下行信号，触控笔可以基于下行信号向电子设备发送上行信号。下述实施例中，以触控笔发送下行信号，以及电子设备发送上行信号为例进行说明。
参照图9，在一种实施例中，发送驱动电路中可以包括：高压驱动信号模块和开关管。MCU分别与高压驱动信号模块，以及开关管连接。开关管与第二电极连接，高压驱动信号分别与第一电极，以及第二电极连接。高压驱动信号模块，用于提供高压驱动信号，并基于来自MCU的第一PWM信号驱动第一电极发送第一信号，基于来自MCU的第二PWM信号驱动第二电极发送第二信号。
在一种实施例中，MCU，还用于控制开关管，实现第二电极在发送信号和接收信号之间的切换，即实现第二电极在TX2和RX之间的切换。本申请实施例中对开关管的具体电路，以及MCU的控制方式不做赘述。也就是说，MCU可以控制开关管，使得第二电极可以作为TX2，作为TX2的第二电极与发送驱动电路连接，进而使得第二电极可以发送第二信号。MCU也可以控制开关管，使得第二电极作为RX，作为RX的第二电极与接收模块连接，进而使得第二电极可以接收来自电子设备的上行信号。换句话说，第二电极可以在MCU的控制下，在TX2和RX之间进行切换。
接收模块中包括解码电路。解码电路可以与开关管连接，解码电路还与MCU连接。第二电极，用于接收来自电子设备的上行信号，且向解码电路发送上行信号。解码电路，用于解码上行信号，并向MCU发送解码后的上行信号。
基于图9中所示的结构，下述结合图10对电子设备和触控笔交互的过程进行说明。图10为本申请实施例适用的另一种场景示意图。参照图10，示例性的，触控笔和电子设备可以建立蓝牙连接，触控笔和电子设备之间的无线通路可以称为蓝牙通路。因为触控笔的笔尖设置有电极，电子设备中的触摸传感器中包括电极阵列。触控笔的笔尖和触摸传感器的电极之间，存在绝缘物质(如空气、触摸屏上的玻璃)，因此触控笔的笔尖和触摸传感器的电极之间相当于存在一个电容，触控笔的笔尖与电子设备中的触摸传感器可以通过电容建立电路连接，下述实施例将触控笔的笔尖与电子设备中的触摸传感器之间的通路称为电路通路。
在一种实施例中，当电子设备与触控笔蓝牙连接成功时，触摸处理模块可以控制触摸传感器通过电路通路发送上行信号。在一种实施例中，当电子设备与触控笔蓝牙连接成功，且电子设备检测到触控笔未充电时，触摸处理模块可以控制触摸传感器通过电路通路发送上行信号。在一种实施例中，当电子设备与触控笔蓝牙连接成功，且电子设备检测到触控笔处于 移动状态时，触摸处理模块可以控制触摸传感器通过电路通路发送上行信号。应理解，不同的电子设备发送上行信号的触发条件可以不同，下述实施例中以“当电子设备与触控笔蓝牙连接成功时，触摸处理模块控制触摸传感器通过电路通路发送上行信号”为例进行说明。
第二电极，可以基于电路通路，接收来自电子设备的上行信号，且向解码电路发送上行信号。解码电路可以向MCU传输解码后的上行信号。MCU基于输解码后的上行信号，控制发送驱动电路驱动第一电极发送第一信号，以及驱动第二电极发送第二信号。也就是说，触控笔可以通过电路通路发送下行信号。电子设备中的触摸传感器可以基于电路通路，接收下行信号。触摸处理模块可以基于触摸传感器采集的下行信号，获取触控笔的笔尖的位置以及夹角。
图11A为触摸屏的电容值变化一示意图。当触摸传感器接收来自触控笔的第一电极的第一信号时，触摸屏对应位置处的电容值会发生变化。参照图11A，图11A中以电容值产生波峰表征触摸屏对应位置处的电容值发生变化，电子设备可以基于触摸屏上的电容值的变化，确定触控笔的笔尖的位置。另外，电子设备可以采用倾角检测算法中的双笔尖投影方法获取夹角。参照图11B，触控笔中的第一电极和第二电极可以设置在触控笔的笔尖，第一电极设置靠近笔尖的尖端，第二电极相对于第一电极远离笔尖的尖端。当触摸传感器接收来自触控笔的第一电极的第一信号，以及第二电极的第二信号时，触摸屏两个位置处(如位置B和位置C)的电容值会发生变化，电子设备可以基于第一电极和第二电极之间的距离，以及触摸屏两个位置处之间的距离，获取夹角，更为具体的双笔尖投影方法可以参照现有技术的相关描述。图11A以黑色圆点表征触控笔接触触摸屏的位置，图11B中以黑色圆点表征位置B和位置C。
为了便于说明本申请提供的信号同步方法，先对本申请实施例涉及到的术语进行解释：
电子设备的刷新率：每秒内电子设备显示的画面的刷新次数。电子设备的刷新率也可以称为显示频率或显示帧率。电子设备的刷新率可以但不限于为：60Hz、90Hz和120HZ。示例性的，电子设备的刷新率为60Hz，表征电子设备每隔16.6ms(1000ms/60)刷新一次触摸屏显示的画面。
电子设备以60Hz的刷新率发送上行信号：表征电子设备每隔16.6ms，向触控笔发送一次上行信号。
上行信号的周期：表征电子设备发送两个上行信号之间的时长。如电子设备的刷新率为60Hz，则上行信号的周期为16.6ms。
电子设备基于刷新率采样下行信号：电子设备基于电子设备的刷新率，在一个上行信号的周期内，采样N个下行信号。示例性的，电子设备的刷新率为60Hz，电子设备基于60Hz采样下行信号表征：电子设备在向触控笔发送上行信号后的16.6ms内，采样N个来自触控笔的下行信号。N为大于或等于1的整数，N可以为预先约定的，如N为3。
触控笔基于刷新率发送下行信号：电子设备基于电子设备的刷新率，在一个上行信号的周期内，发送N个下行信号。示例性的，电子设备的刷新率为60Hz，触控笔基于60Hz发送下行信号表征：触控笔在接收到来自电子设备的上行信号后的16.6ms内，向电子设备发送N个下行信号。
电子设备和触控笔信号同步：电子设备能够采样来自触控笔的每个下行信号，基于每个下行信号能够获取一次触控笔的位置和夹角。
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种信号时序图。图12所示的为电子设备和触控笔的信号同 步的时序图。图12中示出了电子设备发送上行信号，以及采样来自触控笔的下行信号的时序，也示出了触控笔发送下行信号的时序、触控笔中TX1发送第一信号、TX2发送第二信号的时序，以及RX接收(或采样或监听)上行信号的时序。参照图12，示例性的，电子设备的刷新率为60Hz，电子设备基于60Hz采样下行信号，触控笔基于60Hz发送下行信号。电子设备与触控笔蓝牙连接后，电子设备每隔16.6ms可以向触控笔发送一个上行信号，相应的，触控笔(RX)可以每隔16.6ms接收一次来自电子设备的上行信号，图12中示例性的以电子设备与触控笔的交互过程中的任一个上行信号为例进行说明。触控笔接收来自电子设备的上行信号时，可以在16.6ms内发送N个下行信号。其中，TX1可以在16.6ms内发送N个第一信号，TX2可以在16.6ms内发送N个第二信号。相应的，电子设备在发送上行信号后，可以在16.6ms内采样N次来自触控笔的下行信号。图12中，触控笔可以基于电子设备的刷新率发送下行信号，因此电子设备在发送上行信号后，可以在16.6ms内采样N次来自触控笔的下行信号，电子设备可以基于每次采样的下行信号获取触控笔的笔尖的位置以及夹角。电子设备发送上行信号，以及采样来自触控笔的下行信号之间的时间，用于显示画面。
在一种实施例中，参照图12，触控笔和电子设备中可以存储配置文件，配置文件中包括a、b、c和N的取值。其中，a表示：触控笔接收来自电子设备的上行信号与发送第一个下行信号之间的时长。b表示：触控笔发送的相邻两个下行信号之间的时长。c表示：一个下行信号占用的时长。N表示：相邻两个上行信号之间，触控笔发送的下行信号的个数。a、b、c和N可以为预先约定的，也就是说，电子设备能够基于预先配置的a、b、c和N，确定在发送上行信号后采样下行信号的策略，如在一个上行信号的周期内，按照a、b、c，采样N次下行信号。同理的，触控笔能够基于预先配置的a、b、c和N，确定发送下行信号的策略，如在接收到来自电子设备的上行信号后，基于电子设备的刷新率，按照a、b、c，发送N个下行信号。
应理解，本申请实施例中所述的“电子设备在发送上行信号的Ams内，采样N次来自触控笔的下行信号”，可以理解为：在一个上行信号的周期Ams内，电子设备在发送上行信号后的ams后，采样第一次来自触控笔的下行信号，之后每隔bms采样一次来自触控笔的下行信号，总共采样N次下行信号，每次采样时长为cms。同理的，“触控笔在一个上行信号的周期Ams内，发送N次下行信号”，表征：触控笔在接收到来自电子设备的上行信号后的ams后，发送第一个下行信号，之后每隔bms发送一次下行信号，总共发送N次下行信号，每个下行信号占用的时长为cms。如此，电子设备可以触控笔保持信号同步。其中，当刷新率为60Hz时，A为16.6ms，当刷新率为90Hz时，A为11.1ms。应理解，当刷新率不同时，a、b、c不同，可以理解为：刷新率为60Hz时的a与刷新率为90Hz时的a不同，且刷新率为60Hz时的b与刷新率为90Hz时的b不同，且刷新率为60Hz时的c与刷新率为90Hz时的c不同。也就是说，刷新率不同，配置文件中的a、b、c不同。在一种实施例中，当刷新率不同时，a、b、c和N均可以不同。
图13为本申请实施例提供的另一种信号时序图。应理解，图13所示的为电子设备和触控笔的信号不同步的时序图。参照图13，示例性的，电子设备的刷新率为从60Hz切换成90Hz，电子设备基于90Hz采样下行信号，触控笔未能及时获取电子设备切换刷新率，触控笔还是基于60Hz发送下行信号。参照图13，电子设备每隔11.1ms发送一次上行信号。电子设备在发送上行信号后的11.1ms内，采样N次来自触控笔的下行信号。因为触控笔基于60Hz发送下行信号，触控笔接收来自电子设备的上行信号后的16.6ms内，发送N个下行信号，导致电子设备采样下行信号与触控笔发送下行信号不同步，电子设备不能采样来自触控笔的下行信号，因此电子设备无法检测触控笔的笔尖的位置和夹角，即电子设备和触控笔的信号同步失败，导致触控笔无法书写的问题。
电子设备与触控笔蓝牙连接后，电子设备可以基于不同的应用场景，切换刷新率。示例性的，电子设备可以在游戏或视频等画面流畅度需求较高的场景中采用刷新率90Hz，以满足用户对画面流畅度的需求。电子设备可以在电话等画面流畅度需求较低的场景中采用刷新率60Hz，可以降低电子设备的功耗。若电子设备在切换刷新率时，触控笔不能及时检测到电子设备切换了刷新率，则无法及时调整刷新率以与电子设备进行信号同步，出现触控笔无法书写的问题，如上述图13所示。
在一种实施例中，为了解决电子设备在切换刷新率时，触控笔不能及时检测的问题，参照图14，电子设备可以在切换至第二刷新率之前，向触控笔发送切换命令，该切换命令用于指示电子设备即将切换至第二刷新率，指示触控笔同步调整发送下行信号的频率。触控笔在接收到切换命令时，可以基于电子设备切换后的刷新率，发送下行信号。触控笔在调整发送下行信号的频率后，可以向电子设备反馈切换响应，以通知电子设备触控笔已进行调整。电子设备接收到该切换响应，可以切换至第二刷新率。该种方式中，电子设备可以在切换刷新率时通知触控笔，以使触控笔获取电子设备切换后的刷新率，但这种命令交互的方式延时长，需要多次信令交互。
本申请实施例提供一种信号同步方法，电子设备与触控笔无线连接时，触控笔可以基于电子设备支持的所有的刷新率，以电子设备支持的所有的刷新率的最小公倍数监听来自电子设备的上行信号，可以及时检测电子设备是否切换刷新率。本申请实施例中，电子设备在切换刷新率时，无需与触控笔交互信令，触控笔就能够检测到电子设备的刷新率的改变，时延低且效率高。
下面结合具体的实施例对本申请实施例提供的信号同步方法进行说明。下面这几个实施例可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例不再赘述。
图15为本申请实施例提供的信号同步方法的一实施例的流程示意图。如图15所示，该信号同步方法可以包括：
S1501，触控笔获取电子设备支持的第一刷新率和第二刷新率。
第一刷新率、第二刷新率均可以表征多个刷新率。示例性的，第一刷新率可以为小于100Hz的刷新率，如60Hz、90Hz。第二刷新率可以为大于100Hz的刷新率，如120Hz、150Hz。下述以第一刷新率和第二刷新率均表征一个数值为例进行说明，如第一刷新率为60Hz，第二刷新率为90Hz。
在一种实施例中，触控笔可以在与电子设备无线连接的过程中，获取电子设备支持的第一刷新率和第二刷新率。无线连接的过程中，电子设备可以将第一刷新率和第二刷新率携带在任意一个信令中发送给触控笔。示例性的，电子设备可以基于触控笔的MAC地址，向触控笔发送连接请求，该连接请求中可以携带第一刷新率和第二刷新率。
在一种实施例中，电子设备和触控笔在无线连接后，且在电子设备向触控笔发送上行信号之前，电子设备可以向触控笔发送电子设备支持的第一刷新率和第二刷新率。示例性的，电子设备可以通过蓝牙信号向触控笔发送电子设备支持的第一刷新率和第二刷新率。图15中以子电子设备向触控笔发送电设备支持的第一刷新率和第二刷新率为例进行说明。
在一种实施例中，触控笔中可以存储有电子设备支持的第一刷新率和第二刷新率。示例性的，在触控笔的生产制造阶段，可以在触控笔中写入电子设备支持的第一刷新率和第二刷新率，或者，在触控笔和电子设备首次无线连接时，触控笔获取电子设备支持的第一刷新率 和第二刷新率，且已经存储第一刷新率和第二刷新率。
S1502，电子设备和触控笔无线连接后，电子设备基于第三刷新率采样来自触控笔的下行信号，第三刷新率等于第一刷新率或第二刷新率。
本申请实施例中，电子设备可以以第一刷新率或第二刷新率，向触控笔发送上行信号。电子设备可以基于第三刷新率采样来自触控笔的下行信号，第三刷新率可以等于第一刷新率或第二刷新率。应注意的是，第三刷新率大于或等于电子设备向触控笔发送上行信号的刷新率，以保证在上行信号的周期内，电子设备可以完成下行信号的采样。示例性的，电子设备可以以60Hz向触控笔发送上行信号，基于60Hz采样来自触控笔的下行信号。或者，电子设备可以以60Hz向触控笔发送上行信号，基于90Hz采样来自触控笔的下行信号。或者，电子设备可以以90Hz向触控笔发送上行信号，基于90Hz采样来自触控笔的下行信号。
S1503，触控笔以第四刷新率监听来自电子设备的上行信号，且基于第三刷新率发送下行信号。
第四刷新率为“第一刷新率和第二刷新率”的最小公倍数。触控笔获取第一刷新率和第二刷新率后，可以计算第一刷新率和第二刷新率的最小公倍数第四刷新率，且以第四刷新率监听来自电子设备的上行信号。示例性的，电子设备支持的刷新率分别为60Hz、90Hz，60Hz和90Hz的最小公倍数为180Hz，则第四刷新率为180Hz。本申请实施例中，为了避免因为电子设备切换刷新率，而触控笔无法及时检测的问题，触控笔可以从与电子设备无线连接后，就以第四刷新率监听电子设备的上行信号，进而可以及时获取电子设备的刷新率，以确定电子设备是否切换刷新率。
其中，触控笔可以基于监听到的相邻两个上行信号之间的时长，确定电子设备是否切换刷新率。若相邻两个上行信号之间的时长改变，则确定电子设备切换刷新率，若相邻两个上行信号之间的时长未改变，则确定电子设备未切换刷新率。示例性的，若相邻两个上行信号之间的时长由16.6ms改变成11.1ms，则触控笔可以确定电子设备的刷新率从60Hz切换至90Hz。在一种实施例中，相邻两个上行信号之间的时长可以称为上行信号的周期。
本申请实施例中，电子设备基于第三刷新率采样来自触控笔的下行信号，触控笔基于第三刷新率发送下行信号，电子设备可以采样到来自触控笔的下行信号，进而保持电子设备和触控笔的信号同步。
本申请实施例中，电子设备与触控笔无线连接时，触控笔可以以电子设备支持的所有的刷新率的最小公倍数监听来自电子设备的上行信号，在保证不丢失上行信号的同时，可以及时检测电子设备是否切换刷新率，相较于现有技术，触控笔无需与电子设备交互信令能够及时检测电子设备的刷新率，时延低且效率高。
在一种实施例中，第三刷新率等于第一刷新率。也就是说，电子设备可以以第一刷新率向触控笔发送上行信号，且基于第一刷新率采样来自触控笔的下行信号，触控笔以第四刷新率监听来自电子设备的上行信号，且基于第一刷新率发送下行信号。示例性的，第一刷新率为60Hz，第二刷新率为90Hz。电子设备采用60Hz发送上行信号，即电子设备每隔16.6ms向触控笔发送一个上行信号。本申请中，触控笔为了能够及时检测到电子设备的刷新率的变化，可以采用180Hz监听上行信号，即触控笔可以每隔5.5ms(1000ms/180)监听一次来自电子设备的上行信号。
本申请实施例中，触控笔监听上行信号的频率高于电子设备发送上行信号的频率，且触控笔监听上行信号的频率为电子设备发送上行信号的频率的倍数，因此触控笔可以监听到来 自电子设备的每个上行信号。触控笔基于60Hz发送下行信号，即触控笔可以在接收来自电子设备的上行信号的16.6ms内，发送N个下行信号。电子设备基于60Hz监听下行信号，即电子设备在发送上行信号的16.6ms内，采样N次来自触控笔的下行信号，电子设备可以接收来自触控笔的下行信号，可以保持电子设备和触控笔的信号同步。
本申请实施例中，触控笔采用第四刷新率监听来自电子设备的上行信号，即使电子设备的刷新率发生改变，触控笔仍能够监听到来自电子设备的上行信号。触控笔可以基于接收到上行信号的周期，确定电子设备的刷新率。当触控笔确定电子设备的刷新率从第一刷新率切换至第二刷新率，触控笔可以基于第二刷新率发送下行信号，进而保证触控笔和电子设备之间的信号同步，且为了保证触控笔后续和电子设备之间的信号同步，触控笔可以继续以第四刷新率监听来自电子设备的上行信号。应理解，电子设备的刷新率从第一刷新率切换至第二刷新率可以理解为：刷新率切换前，电子设备以第一刷新率发送上行信号，且基于第一刷新率采样下行信号，刷新率切换后，电子设备以第二刷新率发送上行信号，且基于第二刷新率采样下行信号。
图16为本申请实施例提供的另一种信号时序图。参照图16，触控笔采用180Hz监听来自电子设备的上行信号，在t1时刻，触控笔确定上行信号的周期从16.6ms变为11.1ms，则触控笔确定电子设备的刷新率从60Hz切换至90Hz，则在t1时刻，触控笔可以基于90Hz的刷新率发送下行信号。示例性的，如触控笔可以在接收到上行信号的11.1ms内，可以发送N个下行信号，电子设备的刷新率因为从60Hz切换至90Hz，因此电子设备可以基于90Hz，在发送上行信号后的11.1ms内，采样N次下行信号，电子设备和触控笔之间的信号同步。
在一种实施例中，第三刷新率等于第二刷新率，即电子设备以第二刷新率向触控笔发送上行信号，且基于第二刷新率采样来自触控笔的下行信号，触控笔以第四刷新率监听来自电子设备的上行信号，且基于第二刷新率发送下行信号。该种实施例中，当触控笔检测到电子设备的刷新率从第二刷新率切换至第一刷新率时，可以基于第一刷新率发送下行信号，可以参照上述“第三刷新率等于第一刷新率”的相关描述。
本申请实施例中，触控笔与电子设备无线连接后，触控笔可以获取电子设备支持的第一刷新率和第二刷新率，基于第一刷新率和第二刷新率的最小公倍数第四刷新率，监听来自电子设备的上行信号，触控笔可以基于上行信号的周期，检测电子设备的刷新率是否改变，若检测到电子设备的刷新率从第一刷新率切换至第二刷新率，则触控笔可以基于第二刷新率发送下行信号，进而保证与电子设备的信号同步。
在上述实施例中，触控笔可以基于上行信号的周期，即接收到的相邻两个上行信号之间的时长，判断电子设备的刷新率是否改变，在该种实施例中，触控笔在监听到后一次的上行信号时，才能确定电子设备的刷新率是否改变。参照图17，在t1时刻，触控笔确定接收到的相邻两个上行信号之间的时长从16.6ms变为11.1ms，说明在t1时刻之前的t0时刻，电子设备的刷新率已经从60Hz切换至90Hz，进而t0时刻至t1时刻之间的时长为11.1ms。但在t0时刻至t1时刻之间，触控笔仍是基于60Hz发送下行信号，而电子设备却是基于90Hz采样下行信号，因此在t0时刻至t1时刻之间，触控笔和电子设备的信号不同步，即在t0时刻至t1时刻，电子设备无法接收到来自触控笔的下行信号，导致触控笔在书写时出现笔迹断断续续的问题。
为了保持t0时刻至t1时刻，触控笔和电子设备的信号同步，在触控笔与电子设备无线连接后，触控笔可以基于电子设备支持的最大的刷新率发送下行信号，为了保证电子设备能够同步接收到来自触控笔的下行信号，电子设备可以基于电子设备支持的最大的刷新率采样来自 触控笔的下行信号，进而可以保证电子设备在切换刷新率时的t0时刻至t1时刻，触控笔和电子设备的信号仍保持同步，可以达到电子设备和触控笔的实时信号同步的目的，具体参照下述的描述。
本申请实施例中，上述S1202可以替换为：电子设备以第一刷新率或第二刷新率向触控笔发送上行信号，且基于第三刷新率采样来自触控笔的下行信号，第三刷新率为电子设备支持的最大的刷新率。或者，S1202可以替换为：电子设备以第一刷新率或第二刷新率向触控笔发送上行信号，且基于第三刷新率采样来自触控笔的下行信号，第三刷新率等于第二刷新率，第二刷新率大于第一刷新率。示例性的，如电子设备支持的刷新率为60Hz和90Hz，则电子设备支持的最大的刷新率为90Hz，即第三刷新率为90Hz。
本申请实施例中，之所以触控笔以电子设备支持的最大的刷新率发送下行信号，而不是以电子设备支持的最小的刷新率，或者电子设备支持的其他的刷新率发送下行信号，是因为触控笔基于电子设备支持的最大的刷新率，能够在最短的时间内发送完N个下行信号。若触控笔基于电子设备支持的最小的刷新率发送下行信号，则可能在下行信号还没发送完时，触控笔就接收到了来自电子设备的上行信号，造成上下行信号错乱。
示例性的，参照图18，电子设备以90Hz的刷新率发送上行信号，基于60Hz的刷新率监听来自触控笔的下行信号，且触控笔以180Hz的刷新率监听上行信号，基于60Hz的刷新率发送下行信号。电子设备每隔11.1ms发送一次上行信号，且在发送上行信号的16.6ms内，采样N次下行信号，触控笔可以在接收到上行信号后的16.6ms内，发送N次下行信号。虽然电子设备可以接收到来自触控笔的下行信号，保持与触控笔的信号的同步，但是电子设备在发送下一次上行信号时，触控笔的下行信号还未发送完毕，造成电子设备发送上行信号和采样下行信号的时间重叠，造成电子设备的收发机制出错，影响电子设备和触控笔的交互。
参照图19A，若触控笔基于电子设备支持的最大的刷新率发送下行信号，假设电子设备支持的最大的刷新率为120Hz(电子设备还支持60Hz和90Hz)。即，电子设备以90Hz的刷新率发送上行信号，基于120Hz的刷新率采样来自触控笔的下行信号，且触控笔以360Hz(60Hz、90Hz和120Hz的最小公倍数)的刷新率监听上行信号，基于120Hz的刷新率发送下行信号。触控笔可以在接收到上行信号后的8.3ms(1000ms/120)内完成发送N次下行信号。相应地，电子设备可以在发送上行信号后的8.3ms内，采样N次下行信号，因此可以与触控笔保持信号同步，且下行信号的交互可以在8.3ms内完成(小于11.1ms)，不影响电子设备的上行信号的发送。
参照图19B，触控笔与电子设备无线连接后，触控笔可以基于电子设备支持的最大刷新率120Hz发送下行信号，以360Hz监听上行信号，电子设备可以基于电子设备支持的最大刷新率120Hz采样下行信号，电子设备发送上行信号的刷新率可以从60Hz切换至90Hz。本申请实施例中，触控笔可以以360Hz监听上行信号，可以在电子设备的刷新率变化时，监听到每个上行信号。触控笔基于120Hz发送下行信号，因此无论电子设备是60Hz还是90Hz，触控笔均能够在8.3ms内发送N次下行信号，电子设备基于120Hz采样下行信号，因此触控笔可以保持与电子设备的信号同步。其中，在t0时刻至t1时刻，触控笔可以在8.3ms内发送N次下行信号，电子设备可以在8.3ms内采样N次下行信号，因此触控笔可以保持与电子设备的信号同步，达到触控笔和电子设备的信号实时同步的目的。
本申请实施例中，触控笔与电子设备无线连接后，触控笔可以基于电子设备支持的最大的刷新率发送下行信号，电子设备可以基于电子设备支持的最大的刷新率采样来自触控笔的下行信号，进而可以达到电子设备和触控笔的实时信号同步的目的，提高电子设备和触控笔 的交互质量。
在一种实施例中，第二刷新率大于第一刷新率，如第一刷新率为90Hz，第二刷新率为120Hz。电子设备以第一刷新率发送上行信号，且基于第二刷新率采样来自触控笔的下行信号时，电子设备可以基于第一刷新率采样用户信号。其中，用户信号可以为用户触摸电子设备的触摸屏的信号。应理解，每个上行信号的周期内，电子设备可以采样M次用户信号，M为大于1的整数，M可以为预先约定的。如此，电子设备采样下行信号和采样用户信号的频率不一致，电子设备的控制逻辑复杂。
为了简化电子设备的控制逻辑，当电子设备基于第二刷新率采样来自触控笔的下行信号时，电子设备也基于第二刷新率采样用户信号，保持电子设备采样下行信号和采样用户信号的频率一致。
参照图19C，假设第一刷新率为90Hz，第二刷新率为120Hz。电子设备以120Hz用户信号时，采样用户信号的频率不一致，即报点(TP term)不均匀。示例性的，电子设备以90Hz发送上行信号，电子设备基于120Hz采样用户信号，则可以在发送上行信号后的8.3ms内采样M次用户信号，但在后续的2.8ms(11.1ms-8.3ms)内却没有采样用户信号，导致报点不均匀，进而造成报点的信噪比低，影响电子设备检测用户信号的质量，如在后续的2.8ms不能检测到用户信号。应理解，上述图16-图19B中均未示出电子设备采样用户信号的时序，图19C-图20B中未示出电子设备采样下行信号的时序。
在一种实施例中，电子设备基于第二刷新率采样用户信号时，可以在报点空白区(extend V-porch)补充报点，以提升报点的均匀度和信噪比。应理解，报点空白区可以为：在一个上行信号的周期内，电子设备最后一次采样用户信号至该上行信号的周期结束之间的时长，如图19C所示。在报点空白区补充报点可以理解为：在报点空白区继续采样用户信号。应理解，报点空白区用于显示画面。
示例性的，第一上行信号为来自电子设备的任一个上行信号，第二上行信号为第一上行信号之后的第一个上行信号。也就是说，当电子设备以第一刷新率向触控笔发送第一上行信号，且基于第二刷新率采样最后一个用户信号之后，还可以继续采样用户信号，以在报点空白区补充报点。参照图19C，第一上行信号为图19C中的电子设备发送的第一个上行信号，第二上行信号可以为图19C中的电子设备发送的第二个上行信号。
参照图20A，在一种实施例中，电子设备可以在报点空白区补充预设数量的报点，即电子设备可以在一个上行信号的周期内，最后一次采样用户信号后，继续采样预设数量次用户信号，图20A中以预设数量为2进行示例。参照图20B，在一种实施例中，电子设备可以基于第二刷新率，在报点空白区补充报点。示例性的，第二刷新率为120Hz，电子设备可以在发送上行信号后的8.3ms内，采样M次用户信号，则电子设备可以在最后一次采样用户信号后，基于第二刷新率120Hz补充报点(即在报点空白区插入0.34M个报点)，即电子设备在最后一次采样用户信号后，还可以每隔bms采样一次用户信号，直至接收到下一上行信号为止，停止采样用户信号。本申请实施例对在空白区补充报点的方式不做限制。
本申请实施例中，当电子设备基于电子设备支持的最大的刷新率采样下行信号时，电子设备可以基于电子设备支持的最大的刷新率采样用户信号，电子设备可以在报点空白区补充报点，进而提高报点的均匀度和信噪比，以提升电子设备检测用户信号的质量。
本申请实施例，还提供一种如图6所示的触控笔，触控笔中的处理器可以读取存储器中存 储的程序，以执行前述信号同步系统中触控笔执行的动作。应理解，图6中未示出存储器。
本申请实施例，还提供一种如图7所示的电子设备，电子设备中的处理器可以读取存储器中存储的程序，以执行前述信号同步系统中电子设备执行的动作。应理解，图7中未示出存储器。
本申请实施例，还提供一种包括如图6所示的触控笔和如图7所示的电子设备的信号同步系统，该信号同步系统可以执行上述实施例中的信号同步方法。
本文中的术语“多个”是指两个或两个以上。本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系；在公式中，字符“/”，表示前后关联对象是一种“相除”的关系。
可以理解的是，在本申请的实施例中涉及的各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请的实施例的范围。
可以理解的是，在本申请的实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请的实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种应用于信号同步系统的方法，其特征在于，所述系统包括触控笔和电子设备，所述电子设备支持第一刷新率和第二刷新率，所述方法包括：
    所述电子设备与所述触控笔无线连接后，所述电子设备基于第三刷新率采样来自所述触控笔的下行信号，所述第三刷新率等于所述第一刷新率或所述第二刷新率；
    所述触控笔基于所述第三刷新率向所述电子设备发送下行信号，且以第四刷新率采样来自所述电子设备的上行信号，所述第四刷新率为所述第一刷新率和所述第二刷新率的最小公倍数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电子设备基于第三刷新率采样来自所述触控笔的下行信号之前，还包括：
    所述电子设备向所述触控笔发送所述电子设备支持的所述第一刷新率和所述第二刷新率。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三刷新率等于所述第一刷新率；所述电子设备与所述触控笔无线连接后，还包括：
    所述电子设备以所述第一刷新率向所述触控笔发送上行信号；
    所述方法还包括：
    所述触控笔检测到所述电子设备从所述第一刷新率切换至所述第二刷新率时，所述触控笔基于所述第二刷新率向所述电子设备发送下行信号，且以所述第四刷新率采样来自所述电子设备的上行信号；所述电子设备从所述第一刷新率切换至所述第二刷新率表征：所述电子设备以所述第二刷新率向所述触控笔发送上行信号，且基于所述第二刷新率采样来自所述触控笔的下行信号。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述触控笔检测来自所述电子设备的上行信号的周期，判断所述电子设备是否从所述第一刷新率切换至所述第二刷新率；
    若所述周期改变，则确定所述电子设备从所述第一刷新率切换至所述第二刷新率。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三刷新率等于所述第二刷新率，所述第二刷新率大于所述第一刷新率。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电子设备与所述触控笔无线连接后，还包括：
    所述电子设备以所述第一刷新率或所述第二刷新率向所述触控笔发送上行信号；
    所述电子设备基于所述第二刷新率采样用户信号，所述用户信号为用户触摸所述电子设备的触摸屏的信号。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，第一上行信号为来自电子设备的任一个上行信号，所述电子设备以所述第一刷新率向所述触控笔发送所述第一上行信号，且基于所述第二刷新率采样用户信号之后，还包括：
    所述电子设备继续采样用户信号，直至所述电子设备发送第二上行信号，所述第二上行信号为所述第一上行信号之后的第一个上行信号。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电子设备继续采样用户信号的次数为预设次数。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电子设备继续采样用户信号，包括：
    所述电子设备基于所述第二刷新率继续采样用户信号。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一刷新率为60Hz，所述第二刷新率为90Hz。
  11. 一种信号同步方法，其特征在于，应用于触控笔，包括：
    与电子设备无线连接后，基于第三刷新率向所述电子设备发送下行信号，且以第四刷新率采样来自所述电子设备的上行信号，所述第四刷新率为第一刷新率和第二刷新率的最小公倍数，所述电子设备支持所述第一刷新率和所述第二刷新率，所述第三刷新率等于所述第一刷新率或所述第二刷新率。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于第三刷新率向所述电子设备发送下行信号之前，还包括：
    接收来自所述电子设备的所述电子设备支持的所述第一刷新率和所述第二刷新率。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三刷新率等于所述第一刷新率，所述方法还包括：
    当检测到所述电子设备从所述第一刷新率切换至所述第二刷新率时，基于所述第二刷新率向所述电子设备发送下行信号，且以所述第四刷新率采样来自所述电子设备的上行信号；所述电子设备从所述第一刷新率切换至所述第二刷新率表征：所述电子设备以所述第二刷新率向所述触控笔发送上行信号，且基于所述第二刷新率采样来自所述触控笔的下行信号。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    检测来自所述电子设备的上行信号的周期，判断所述电子设备是否从所述第一刷新率切换至所述第二刷新率；
    若所述周期改变，则确定所述电子设备从所述第一刷新率切换至所述第二刷新率。
  15. 根据权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三刷新率等于所述第二刷新率，所述第二刷新率大于所述第一刷新率。
  16. 根据权利要求11-15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一刷新率为60Hz，所述第二刷新率为90Hz。
  17. 一种信号同步方法，其特征在于，应用于电子设备，所述电子设备支持第一刷新率和第二刷新率，所述方法包括：
    与触控笔无线连接后，基于第三刷新率采样来自触控笔的下行信号，所述第三刷新率等于所述第一刷新率或所述第二刷新率。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于第三刷新率采样来自所述触控笔的下行信号之前，还包括：
    向所述触控笔发送所述电子设备支持的所述第一刷新率和所述第二刷新率。
  19. 根据权利要求17或18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三刷新率等于所述第一刷新率；所述与触控笔无线连接后，还包括：
    以所述第一刷新率向所述触控笔发送上行信号。
  20. 根据权利要求17或18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三刷新率等于所述第二刷新率，所述第二刷新率大于所述第一刷新率。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述与触控笔无线连接后，还包括：
    以所述第一刷新率或所述第二刷新率向所述触控笔发送上行信号；
    基于所述第二刷新率采样用户信号，所述用户信号为用户触摸所述电子设备的触摸屏的信号。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，第一上行信号为来自电子设备的任一个 上行信号，所述以所述第一刷新率向所述触控笔发送所述第一上行信号，且基于所述第二刷新率采样用户信号之后，还包括：
    继续采样用户信号，直至发送第二上行信号，所述第二上行信号为所述第一上行信号之后的第一个上行信号。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的方法，其特征在于，所述继续采样用户信号的次数为预设次数。
  24. 根据权利要求22所述的方法，其特征在于，所述继续采样用户信号，包括：
    基于所述第二刷新率继续采样用户信号。
  25. 根据权利要求17-24中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一刷新率为60Hz，所述第二刷新率为90Hz。
  26. 一种触控笔，其特征在于，包括：处理器和存储器；
    所述存储器存储计算机执行指令；
    所述处理器执行所述存储器存储的计算机执行指令，使得所述处理器执行如权利要求11-16中任一项所述的方法。
  27. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括：处理器和存储器；
    所述存储器存储计算机执行指令；
    所述处理器执行所述存储器存储的计算机执行指令，使得所述处理器执行如权利要求17-25中任一项所述的方法。
  28. 一种信号同步系统，其特征在于，包括：权利要求26所述的触控笔，以及权利要求27所述的电子设备。
  29. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令被运行时，实现如权利要求11-25中任一项所述的方法。
  30. 一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序或指令，其特征在于，所述计算机程序或指令被处理器执行时，实现权利要求11-25中任一项所述的方法。
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