WO2022131060A1 - 磁気センサ - Google Patents
磁気センサ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022131060A1 WO2022131060A1 PCT/JP2021/044796 JP2021044796W WO2022131060A1 WO 2022131060 A1 WO2022131060 A1 WO 2022131060A1 JP 2021044796 W JP2021044796 W JP 2021044796W WO 2022131060 A1 WO2022131060 A1 WO 2022131060A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- insulating substrate
- protective film
- conductor
- magnetoresistive
- magnetic sensor
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000828 alnico Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000889 permalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/007—Environmental aspects, e.g. temperature variations, radiation, stray fields
- G01R33/0076—Protection, e.g. with housings against stray fields
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
- G01D5/16—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying resistance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/0047—Housings or packaging of magnetic sensors ; Holders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/0052—Manufacturing aspects; Manufacturing of single devices, i.e. of semiconductor magnetic sensor chips
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/06—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using galvano-magnetic devices
- G01R33/09—Magnetoresistive devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/06—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using galvano-magnetic devices
- G01R33/09—Magnetoresistive devices
- G01R33/096—Magnetoresistive devices anisotropic magnetoresistance sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N50/00—Galvanomagnetic devices
- H10N50/10—Magnetoresistive devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N50/00—Galvanomagnetic devices
- H10N50/80—Constructional details
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a magnetic sensor, and more particularly to a magnetic sensor using a magnetoresistive element.
- Patent Document 1 describes a magnetoresistive element including an insulating substrate, a pair of electrodes, an anisotropic magnetic resistance layer, a protective film, a pair of end face electrodes, and a plating layer.
- the insulating substrate is made of alumina.
- the pair of electrodes are provided at both ends of the upper surface of the insulating substrate.
- the anisotropic magnetoresistive layer is provided on the upper surface of the insulating substrate and is provided between the pair of electrodes.
- the protective film covers the anisotropic magnetoresistive layer.
- the pair of end face electrodes are provided from the upper surface to the end face and the lower surface of the insulating substrate so as to be electrically connected to the pair of electrodes.
- the plating layer is provided on the surface of the pair of end face electrodes.
- the magnetic sensor is provided in the vicinity of the shaft, for example, in order to detect the rotation angle and the number of rotations of various shafts (steering shaft, drive shaft, etc.) of the automobile.
- the drive shaft and its vicinity are in a harsh environment exposed to chemical substances such as oil at a high temperature of 170 degrees.
- Patent Document 1 can be used in such an environment because the anisotropic magnetoresistive layer is protected by a protective film, but a magnetic sensor having higher environmental resistance is expected.
- the purpose of this disclosure is to provide a magnetic sensor that can improve environmental resistance.
- the magnetic sensor includes an insulating substrate, one or more magnetoresistive elements, a conductor, and a sealing member.
- the conductor electrically connects the magnetoresistive element to an external circuit.
- the sealing member seals all of the magnetoresistive element and at least a part of each of the insulating substrate and the conductor.
- the magnetoresistive element has a magnetoresistive film and an electrode.
- the magnetoresistive film is formed on the first surface of the insulating substrate.
- the electrodes are provided on the first surface of the insulating substrate, and one end thereof is electrically connected to the magnetoresistive film and the other end is electrically connected to the first end portion of the conductor.
- the sealing member exposes the second surface of the insulating substrate and the second end of the conductor from different surfaces.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a magnetic sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the same magnetic sensor.
- FIG. 3 is a top view of the same magnetic sensor.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification 1 of the same magnetic sensor.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification 2 of the same magnetic sensor.
- FIGS. 1 to 5 each figure is a schematic view, and the ratio of the size and the thickness of each component does not always reflect the actual dimensional ratio.
- the configuration described in the following embodiments is only an example of the present disclosure.
- the present disclosure is not limited to the following embodiments, and various changes can be made depending on the design and the like as long as the effects of the present disclosure can be achieved.
- the magnetic sensor 10 As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the magnetic sensor 10 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is sealed with an insulating substrate 1, four magnetoresistive elements 2, and a conductor 3. It includes a member 4.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the line segment PQ shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
- the left electrode 2b is the electrode 2b constituting the magnetoresistive element 2 at the left end (right end in FIG. 3) in FIG. 2
- the right electrode 2b is the second from the left in FIG. 2 (in FIG. 3).
- the electrode 2b constituting the magnetoresistive element 2 (second from the right).
- one magnetoresistive element 2 is composed of a magnetoresistive film 2a formed in a comb shape and a pair of electrodes 2b provided at one end 2aA and the other end 2aB thereof. To. Therefore, the number of magnetoresistive elements 2 constituting the magnetic sensor 10 is four.
- some of the electrodes 2b are shared by the two magnetoresistive elements 2. Specifically, in FIG. 2, the central one of the three electrodes 2b in the upper row is shared by the two magnetoresistive elements 2 first and third from the left. Of the three electrodes 2b in the lower row, the central one is shared by the two magnetoresistive elements 2 second and fourth from the left.
- the four on the left side correspond to the leftmost one of the four magnetoresistive elements 2 of FIG.
- the one at the right end corresponds to the second one from the left among the four magnetoresistive elements 2 of FIG.
- the above is merely an example, and the number of the magnetoresistive elements 2 constituting the magnetic sensor 10 may be any number as long as it is one or more.
- the insulating substrate 1 is a substrate made of a material having high insulating properties. Materials having high insulating properties include, but are not limited to, alumina, sapphire, glass, ceramics, resins, and the like.
- the insulating substrate 1 is, for example, a polygonal thin plate such as a rectangle or a hexagon, or a circular thin plate, but the shape and thickness thereof are not limited. The preferred material and the preferred thickness of the insulating substrate 1 will be described later.
- the four magnetoresistive elements 2 are provided on the first surface 1A of the insulating substrate 1.
- the first surface 1A is a surface on which the magnetoresistive element 2 is provided, out of the two surfaces of the insulating substrate 1.
- the surface on which the magnetoresistive element 2 is not provided is the second surface 1B.
- the upper surface is the first surface and the lower surface is the second surface, but the inverted mounting shown in FIG. 1 (described later).
- the lower surface is the first surface 1A and the upper surface is the second surface 1B.
- the magnetoresistive element 2 is an element whose electrical resistance changes according to a magnetic field. The configuration and arrangement of the magnetoresistive element 2 will be described later.
- the conductor 3 electrically connects the magnetoresistive element 2 to an external circuit (not shown).
- the external circuit will be described later.
- the first end 3A of the conductor 3 is in contact with the other end 2bB of the electrode 2b, and the second end 3B of the conductor 3 is from the second surface 4B of the sealing member 4. Be exposed.
- the first end portion 3A is the end portion of the two ends of the conductor 3 on the magnetic resistance element 2 side, and the second end portion 3B is the magnetic resistance element of the two ends of the conductor 3. It is the end on the opposite side of 2.
- the exposed second end 3B is electrically connected to the wiring to the external circuit (external wiring).
- the conductor 3 may be directly connected to an external circuit without going through external wiring.
- the conductor 3 is an elongated plate made of a metal such as copper, for example. As shown in FIG. 1, the conductor 3 has a first end portion 3A and a second end portion 3B parallel to the insulating substrate 1, and a gap between the first end portion 3A and the second end portion 3B is formed. It is bent at three points in the longitudinal direction so as to form a "character" shape.
- the "dogleg" -shaped portion between the first end 3A and the second end 3B is, for example, the first end 3A and the second due to the difference in the expansion coefficients of the conductor 3 and the sealing member 4. It has the effect of relaxing the stress acting on the end 3B by bending and stretching.
- the external circuit is a processing circuit that converts the output of the magnetoresistive element 2 into information related to the movement of the object (hereinafter, "movement information"), and is realized by a processor, a memory, or the like.
- movement information information related to the movement of the object
- a signal from the magnetoresistive element 2 is input to an external circuit, and motion information is output from the external circuit.
- the motion information is, for example, the rotation speed of the drive shaft, but may be the rotation angle of the steering shaft, the position of the pedal, or the like.
- the sealing member 4 seals the entire magnetoresistive element 2 and at least a part of each of the insulating substrate 1 and the conductor 3. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the entire magnetoresistive element 2, the portion of the insulating substrate 1 excluding the second surface 1B, and the portion of the magnetoresistive element 2 excluding the second end 3B of the conductor 3. Is sealed by the sealing member 4.
- the sealing member 4 exposes the second surface 1B of the insulating substrate 1 and the second end portion 3B of the conductor 3 from different surfaces. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the second surface 1B of the insulating substrate 1 is exposed from the first surface 4A of the sealing member 4, and the second end portion 3B of the conductor 3 is the second surface of the sealing member 4. It is exposed from 2 sides 4B.
- the first surface 1A of the insulating substrate 1 faces the first end 3A of the conductor 3, one end 2bA of the electrode 2b is a magnetic resistance film 2a, and the other end 2bB of the electrode 2b is a conductor. It is electrically connected to the first end portion 3A of 3. It should be noted that the electrical connection may be directly connected, may be connected via wiring, or may be connected by the solder 11 or the bump 12, regardless of the mode.
- the sealing member 4 is formed of, for example, a resin such as a liquid crystal polymer, but the sealing member 4 is not limited to this.
- the magnetic sensor 10 As described above, in the magnetic sensor 10, all of the four magnetoresistive elements 2 and a part of each of the insulating substrate 1 and the conductor 3 are sealed by the sealing member 4.
- the magnetic sensor 10 is characterized in that the first surface 1A provided with the magnetoresistive element 2 of the insulating substrate 1 faces the first end portion 3A of the conductor 3.
- the insulating substrate 1 is mounted on the conductor 3 in an inverted state in which the top and bottom of the first surface 1A and the second surface 1B are reversed from the usual ones.
- the first surface 1A of the insulating substrate 1 faces the first end 3A of the conductor 3 (thus, as shown in FIG. 1, the second surface 1B is on the top and the first surface 1A is on the bottom).
- Implementation of is referred to as "inverted implementation”.
- an embodiment in which the second surface 1B of the insulating substrate 1 faces the first end portion 3A of the conductor 3 (hence, as usual, the first surface 1A is on the top and the second surface 1B is on the bottom: illustrated.
- the implementation of) is referred to as "normal implementation”.
- the second surface 1B of the insulating substrate 1 and the second end 3B of the conductor 3 are exposed from different surfaces (first surface 4A and second surface 4B) of the sealing member 4, respectively, and have magnetic resistance.
- the element 2 is effectively protected by the sealing member 4 and the insulating substrate 1.
- the insulating substrate 1 needs to be made of a material having high smoothness. .. Further, the material of the insulating substrate 1 is preferably low in price.
- the insulating substrate 1 in the present embodiment is made of a material having high environmental resistance and strength because the second surface 1B is exposed from the first surface 4A of the sealing member 4. Suitable.
- the environmental resistance is, specifically, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and the like, but is not limited to this.
- the optimum material for the insulating substrate 1 is sapphire, which satisfies all of the above conditions.
- Sapphire is a single crystal of aluminum oxide and has translucency.
- the sapphire is preferably colorless, but may be colored.
- the environmental resistance and strength are not as good as those of sapphire, but glass is also suitable.
- Preferred glass compositions are, for example, 81% silicon dioxide, 13% boric acid anhydride, 2% aluminum oxide, and 4% sodium oxide / potassium oxide.
- the glass is preferably colorless, but may be colored.
- the magnetic resistance of the first surface 1A can be obtained by mirror-polishing the first surface 1A and the second surface 1B of the insulating substrate 1 made of sapphire or glass.
- the turn defect generated in the film 2a can be detected from the second surface 1B side.
- the insulating substrate 1 made of sapphire or glass (hereinafter, "sapphire substrate” or “glass substrate”) is suitable for inverting mounting.
- sapphire substrate or the glass substrate may be used for normal mounting.
- the material of the insulating substrate 1 may be zirconia, although the smoothness is not as good as that of sapphire and glass and it is expensive.
- Alumina is not suitable as a material for the insulating substrate 1 in that its smoothness and translucency are inferior to those of sapphire and glass.
- the main effect of the inverted mounting that the magnetic resistance film 2a is effectively protected by the insulating substrate 1 and the sealing member 4 can be obtained regardless of the material of the insulating substrate 1.
- the first surface 1A of the insulated substrate 1 is the first of the conductors 3 with respect to the normal mounting in which the second surface 1B of the insulated substrate 1 faces the first end 3A of the conductor 3.
- the distance from the magnetic resistance film 2a to the detection target becomes longer by the thickness of the insulating substrate 1. Therefore, it is preferable that the insulating substrate 1 is formed as thin as possible within a range in which the strength does not fall below a predetermined threshold value.
- the predetermined threshold value can be determined experimentally.
- the alumina substrate used for normal mounting has a thickness of 500-700 ⁇ m
- the sapphire substrate used for inverting mounting can be as thin as 100 ⁇ m.
- the thickness is the distance between the first surface 1A and the second surface 1B.
- the thickness of the sapphire substrate may be less than 100 ⁇ m.
- the insulating substrate 1 in the present embodiment is, for example, a material containing sapphire as a main component and is formed to have a thickness of 100 to 150 ⁇ m. As a result, both improvement in environmental resistance and improvement in detection accuracy can be achieved.
- the first surface 1A and the second surface 1B are mirror-polished.
- the magnetoresistive film 2a can be formed on the first surface 1A with high accuracy.
- sapphire or glass is transparent, by polishing the second surface 1B to a mirror surface, pattern defects generated in the magnetoresistive film 2a of the first surface 1A can be detected from the second surface 1B side.
- the detection is usually detected by image processing using an image sensor, a processor, or the like, but may be detected visually by a person using a microscope.
- the magnetic resistance element 2 has a magnetic resistance film 2a, an electrode 2b, and a protective film 2c.
- the magnetoresistive film 2a, the electrode 2b, and the protective film 2c are formed on the first surface 1A of the insulating substrate 1.
- the magnetic resistance film 2a has magnetic anisotropy.
- the magnetoresistive film 2a is formed, for example, by an alloy (permalloy or the like) containing a ferromagnetic metal such as nickel or iron as a main component to a thickness of several nm to several tenth nm (for example, 10 nm).
- the magnetoresistive film 2a is formed by, for example, vacuum deposition, sputtering, or the like.
- the material, thickness, and forming method of the magnetoresistive film 2a are not limited.
- the magnetoresistive film 2a is formed (patterned) into a predetermined shape.
- the shape of the magnetoresistive film 2a is a comb shape in which a plurality of teeth are arranged symmetrically.
- Four comb-shaped magnetoresistive films 2a are alternately arranged on the first surface 1A of the insulating substrate 1.
- the above is merely an example, and the shape of the magnetoresistive film 2a does not matter.
- Electrode 2b In the electrode 2b, one end 2bA is electrically connected to the magnetoresistive film 2a, and the other end 2bB is electrically connected to the first end 3A of the conductor 3.
- one end 2bA of the electrode 2b is a magnetic resistance film.
- One end 2aA of 2a is connected by a conducting wire 13 or the like, and the other end 2bB of the electrode 2b is connected to the first end 3A of the conductor 3 by a solder 11.
- the other end 2aB of the magnetoresistive film 2a is attached to the electrode 2b shared with the other magnetoresistive element 2 (the third magnetoresistive element 2 from the left in FIG. 2 and the third magnetoresistive element 2 from the right in FIG. 3). It is connected by.
- the mode of connection between the above elements does not matter.
- the above is only an example, and the structure and arrangement of the electrode 2b does not matter as long as a signal such as a voltage corresponding to the electric resistance can be extracted from the magnetic resistance film 2a.
- the protective film 2c protects the magnetoresistive film 2a.
- the protective film 2c in the present embodiment is composed of two layers, an inorganic protective film 2cA and an organic protective film 2cB. Then, such a two-layer protective film 2c is formed on the entire or substantially the entire first surface 1A of the insulating substrate 1.
- the inorganic protective film 2cA is made of a material such as silicon nitride or silicon oxide and is formed to a thickness of 1 ⁇ m.
- the organic protective film 2cB is made of a material such as a polyimide resin and has a thickness of several ⁇ m. The organic protective film 2cB also has an effect of increasing the pressure resistance at the time of mounting.
- the magnetic resistance film 2a is formed on the first surface 1A of the insulating substrate 1, and then the inorganic protective film 2cA and the organic protective film 2cB are sequentially formed.
- the inorganic protective film 2cA and the organic protective film 2cB are formed by, for example, vacuum deposition, sputtering, or the like.
- the two-layer protective film 2c By forming the two-layer protective film 2c from different materials in this way, the possibility of damage to the magnetoresistive film 2a when the magnetoresistive element 2 is mounted on the conductor 3 can be effectively reduced.
- the electrode 2b in the present embodiment is slightly thicker than the thickness of the inorganic protective film 2cA. Therefore, the other end 2bB of the electrode 2b penetrates the inorganic protective film 2cA and reaches the organic protective film 2cB.
- the organic protective film 2cB is preformed with holes 2cB1 through which the solder 11 is at least partially penetrated. By pouring the molten solder 11 into the hole 2cB1 and solidifying it, the other end 2bB of the electrode 2b is electrically connected to the first end 3A of the conductor 3.
- An electrode 2b longer than the thickness of the protective film 2c may be used.
- the other end 2bB of the electrode 2b penetrates the protective film 2c and is directly connected to the first end portion 3A of the conductor 3. ..
- the number of layers of the protective film 2c may be 3 or more to further reduce the possibility of damage during mounting.
- the protective film 2c may be composed of a single layer (not shown) of an organic material or an inorganic material. Even with a single-layer protective film 2c, the effect of reducing the possibility of damage during mounting can be obtained.
- no protective film may be formed on the first surface 1A of the insulating substrate 1.
- the insulating substrate 1, the magnetoresistive element 2 and the conductor 3 are sealed by the sealing member 4, and only the second surface 1B of the insulating substrate 1 and the second end 3B of the conductor 3 are exposed from the sealing member 4. ..
- the magnetoresistive element 2 that has survived damage during mounting is protected from the external environment by the insulating substrate 1 and the sealing member 4.
- the protective film 2c may be formed only on a part of the first surface 1A of the insulating substrate 1 as in the modification 1 described later.
- the number of layers, the material, the thickness, and the forming method of the protective film 2c do not matter.
- the hole 2cB1 formed in the protective film 2c may at least partially penetrate the bump 12. Then, by inserting the bump 12 into the hole 2cB1 and crimping it, the other end 2bB of the electrode 2b is electrically connected to the first end portion 3A of the conductor 3.
- the bonding characteristics of the electrode 2b and the protective film 2c with respect to the first end portion 3A of the conductor 3 are enhanced, and the stress of the mounting portion can be further relaxed.
- the material of the bump 12 is preferably gold, but copper, indium, or the like may be used, and the type thereof does not matter. Further, the bump 12 may be formed by plating or may be formed by a wire bonder, and the manufacturing method thereof does not matter.
- the protective film 2c is formed on a part of the first surface 1A of the insulating substrate 1, and the electrode 2b is formed on the portion of the first surface 1A of the insulating substrate 1 where the protective film 2c is not formed. May be provided.
- the portion where the protective film 2c is formed and the portion where the electrode 2b is provided are different from each other, so that it is not necessary to form the hole 2cB1 in the protective film 2c, which facilitates mounting. Is planned.
- the magnetic sensor 10 is usually provided in the vicinity of a magnet (not shown) that moves with an object (not shown), and is connected to the above-mentioned external circuit (not shown) via external wiring. Be connected. That is, the magnetic sensor 10 constitutes a magnetic encoder together with a magnet and an external circuit.
- the object is an object to be detected by the magnetic sensor 10.
- the object is, for example, a rotating body.
- the rotating body is, for example, a shaft of an automobile.
- a drive shaft is suitable, but a steering shaft or the like may be used, and the type thereof does not matter.
- the vicinity of the drive shaft is a harsh environment at a high temperature of 170 degrees and exposed to chemical substances such as oil.
- the object may be, for example, a moving object such as a pedal, or any moving object.
- the magnet is usually a permanent magnet, and the material thereof is, for example, ferrite, alnico, etc., but any material having magnetism may be used.
- the magnet that moves with the object is, for example, a drum-shaped magnet rotor provided on the rotating body and rotating with the rotating body.
- the magnet that moves with the object may be, for example, a tablet-shaped or linear magnet that is provided on the moving body and moves with the moving body, and the movement and shape thereof are not limited. If the object has magnetism, the magnet may not be present. However, by providing a magnet, the detection accuracy is improved.
- a magnetic sensor 10 when a magnetic sensor 10 is provided in the vicinity of a magnet rotor that rotates with a shaft, when the shaft rotates or the rotation speed changes, the magnetic field generated by the magnet rotor changes, and the electrical resistance of the magnetoresistive element 2 changes accordingly. Changes.
- the magnetic sensor 10 When the magnetic sensor 10 is provided in the vicinity of the tablet-type magnet that moves with the pedal, the magnetic field changes according to the position or the moving speed of the pedal, and the electrical resistance of the magnetoresistive element 2 changes. From the magnetoresistive element 2, for example, a signal indicating a voltage or current corresponding to the electric resistance is output.
- the output of the magnetoresistive element 2 is input to an external circuit, and motion information such as the rotation speed of the drive shaft is output from the external circuit.
- the external circuit composed of a processor or the like is usually not as high in environmental resistance as the magnetic sensor 10, it is provided in a place away from the drive shaft (for example, in a dashboard) and via external wiring. It is connected to the magnetic sensor 10. However, the external circuit may be provided in the vicinity of the magnetic sensor 10 and may be directly connected to the second end 3B of the conductor 3 constituting the magnetic sensor 10.
- the second surface 1B of the insulating substrate 1 and the second end 3B of the conductor 3 are exposed from the sealing member 4, and the magnetoresistive element 2 is the insulating substrate 1 and the sealing member 4. Is effectively protected by. Further, the magnet contributes to the improvement of the detection accuracy of the magnetoresistive element 2. As a result, environmental resistance and detection accuracy can be improved.
- the magnetic sensor 10 avoids damage to the magnetoresistive element 2 even when used in a harsh environment such as in the vicinity of a drive shaft, and detects the rotation speed and the like with high accuracy. Will be able to do.
- the magnetic sensor (10) includes an insulating substrate (1), one or more magnetoresistive elements (2), and a conductor (3).
- a sealing member (4) is provided.
- the conductor (3) electrically connects the magnetoresistive element (2) to an external circuit.
- the sealing member (4) seals the entire magnetoresistive element (2) and at least a part of each of the insulating substrate (1) and the conductor (3).
- the magnetoresistive element (2) has a magnetoresistive film (2a) and an electrode (2b).
- the magnetoresistive film (2a) is formed on the first surface (1A) of the insulating substrate (1).
- the electrode (2b) is provided on the first surface (1A) of the insulating substrate (1), one end (2aA) of which is the magnetoresistive film (2a), and the other end (2aB) of which is the first end of the conductor (3). (3A) and each are electrically connected.
- the sealing member (4) exposes the second surface (1B) of the insulating substrate (1) and the second end portion (3B) of the conductor (3) from different surfaces (first surface 1A, second surface 1B). Let me.
- the insulating substrate (1A) provided with the magnetic resistance film (2a) of the insulating substrate (1) is made to face the first end portion (3A) of the conductor (3).
- the second surface (1B) of 1) and the second end portion (3B) of the conductor (3) are exposed from the sealing member (4), and the magnetic resistance element (2) is the insulating substrate (1) and the sealing member. It is effectively protected in (4). As a result, the environmental resistance can be improved.
- the magnetoresistive element (2) is formed on the first surface (1A) of the insulating substrate (1) and protects the magnetoresistive film (2a) (2c). Further has.
- the magnetoresistive film (2a) is protected by the protective film (2c), so that the mounting can be performed safely.
- the protective film (2c) is formed on the entire or substantially the entire first surface (1A) of the insulating substrate (1). Then, the other end (2bB) of the electrode (2b) penetrates the protective film (2c), and the protective film (2c) is formed with a hole (2cB1) through which the solder (11) or the bump (12) penetrates. The other end (2bB) of the electrode (2b) is electrically connected to the first end portion (3A) of the conductor (3) by at least one of the above.
- the stress of the portion mounted on the conductor (3) of the magnetoresistive element (2) on the first surface (1A) of the insulating substrate (1) can be relaxed.
- the protective film (2c) is an inorganic protective film (2cA) formed on the magnetic resistance film (2a) of the insulating substrate (1) and an inorganic protective film (2cA). It has an organic protective film (2cB) formed on it.
- the electrode (2b) penetrates at least the inorganic protective film (2cA) and reaches the organic protective film (2cB).
- the organic protective film (2cB) is formed with a hole (2cB1) through which the solder (11) or the bump (12) is at least partially penetrated.
- the protective effect of the magnetic resistance film (2a) at the time of mounting is further enhanced by the two different protective films (inorganic protective film 2cA, organic protective film 2cB). Further, by forming the holes (2cB1) in the organic protective film (2cB), it is possible to facilitate the mounting by the solder (11) or the bump (12).
- the protective film (2c) is formed on a part of the first surface (1A) of the insulating substrate (1), and the electrode (2b) is the insulating substrate (1). It is provided on the portion of the first surface (1A) where the protective film (2c) is not formed.
- the portion forming the protective film (2c) and the portion provided with the electrode (2b) are made different to facilitate mounting. Can be planned.
- the insulating substrate (1) is formed of a material containing sapphire as a main component.
- the magnetoresistive element (2) can be effectively protected by using sapphire having high environmental resistance. Further, since sapphire has high strength, the thickness of the insulating substrate (1) can be reduced, and the detection accuracy can be improved. Further, since sapphire has high smoothness and translucency, it is formed on the magnetoresistive film (2a) of the first surface (1A) by polishing the first surface (1A) and the second surface (1B) to a mirror surface. The pattern defect can be detected from the second surface (1B) side.
- the insulating substrate (1) is formed to have a thickness of 100-150 ⁇ m.
- the first surface (1A) and the second surface (1B) of the insulating substrate (1) are mirror-polished.
- the magnetic resistance film (2a) can be formed on the first surface (1A) with high accuracy. Further, the pattern defect generated in the magnetic resistance film (2a) of the first surface (1A) can be detected from the second surface (1B) side.
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Abstract
Description
本開示の実施形態に係る磁気センサ10は、図1-図3に示されるように、絶縁基板1と、4つの磁気抵抗素子2と、導体3と、封止部材4とを備える。
(1-1-1)絶縁基板の材料
絶縁基板1は、第1表面1Aに磁気抵抗膜2aが形成されるため、平滑性が高い材料で形成される必要がある。また、絶縁基板1の材料は、価格が低いことが好ましい。
絶縁基板1の第2表面1Bが導体3の第1端部3Aと対面する通常実装に対し、絶縁基板1の第1表面1Aを導体3の第1端部3Aと対面させる反転実装では、磁気抵抗膜2aから検出対象(例えば、ドライブシャフトに設けられたマグネットロータ)までの距離が、絶縁基板1の厚みの分だけ長くなる。従って、絶縁基板1は、強度が所定の閾値を下回らない範囲で、できるだけ薄く形成されることが好ましい。なお、所定の閾値は、実験によって決定されうる。
サファイア又はガラスで形成された絶縁基板1は、第1表面1A及び第2表面1Bが鏡面に研磨される。第1表面1Aを鏡面に研磨することで、第1表面1Aに高精度で磁気抵抗膜2aを形成できる。また、サファイア又はガラスは透明なので、第2表面1Bをも鏡面に研磨することで、第1表面1Aの磁気抵抗膜2aに生じたパターン欠陥を、第2表面1B側から検知可能になる。なお、検知は、通常、イメージセンサ及びプロセッサ等を利用した画像処理による検知であるが、顕微鏡を利用した人の目視による検知でもよい。
磁気抵抗素子2は、磁気抵抗膜2aと、電極2bと、保護膜2cとを有する。磁気抵抗膜2a、電極2b及び保護膜2cは、絶縁基板1の第1表面1Aに形成される。
磁気抵抗膜2aは、磁気異方性を有する。磁気抵抗膜2aは、例えば、ニッケル、鉄などの強磁性金属を主成分とする合金(パーマロイ等)によって、数nm-10数nm(例えば、10nm)の厚みに形成される。磁気抵抗膜2aは、例えば、真空蒸着,スパッタリング等で形成される。ただし、磁気抵抗膜2aの材料や厚みや形成方法は問わない。
電極2bは、一端2bAが磁気抵抗膜2aと、他端2bBが導体3の第1端部3Aと、それぞれ電気的に接続される。
保護膜2cは、磁気抵抗膜2aを保護する。本実施形態における保護膜2cは、図1に示すように、無機保護膜2cA及び有機保護膜2cBの2層で構成される。そして、このような2層の保護膜2cが、絶縁基板1の第1表面1Aの全体又は略全体に形成される。
保護膜2cに形成される孔2cB1は、バンプ12を少なくとも部分的に貫通させるものでもよい。そして、この孔2cB1に、バンプ12を挿入し、圧着することで、電極2bの他端2bBは、導体3の第1端部3Aと電気的に接続される。
図5に示すように、保護膜2cは、絶縁基板1の第1表面1Aの一部に形成され、絶縁基板1の第1表面1Aの、保護膜2cが形成されていない部分に、電極2bが設けられてもよい。
磁気センサ10は、通常、対象物(図示しない)と共に動く磁石(図示しない)の近傍に設けられ、前述した外部の回路(図示しない)に、外部配線を介して接続される。すなわち、磁気センサ10は、磁石及び外部の回路と共に、磁気エンコーダを構成する。
以上説明したように、本開示の第1の態様に係る磁気センサ(10)は、絶縁基板(1)と、1つ以上の磁気抵抗素子(2)と、導体(3)と、封止部材(4)とを備える。導体(3)は、磁気抵抗素子(2)を外部の回路と電気的に接続する。封止部材(4)は、磁気抵抗素子(2)の全部と、絶縁基板(1)及び導体(3)のそれぞれの少なくとも一部とを封止する。
1A 第1表面
1B 第2表面
2 磁気抵抗素子
2a 磁気抵抗膜
2aA 一端
2aB 他端
2b 電極
2bA 一端
2bB 他端
2c 保護膜
2cA 無機保護膜
2cB 有機保護膜
2cB1 孔
3 導体
3A 第1端部
3B 第2端部
4 封止部材
4A 第1面
4B 第2面
10 磁気センサ
11 半田
12 バンプ
Claims (8)
- 絶縁基板と、
1つ以上の磁気抵抗素子と、
前記磁気抵抗素子を外部の回路と電気的に接続するための導体と、
前記磁気抵抗素子の全部と、前記絶縁基板及び前記導体のそれぞれの少なくとも一部とを封止する封止部材とを備え、
前記磁気抵抗素子は、
前記絶縁基板の第1表面に形成された磁気抵抗膜と、
前記絶縁基板の前記第1表面に設けられ、一端が前記磁気抵抗膜と、他端が前記導体の第1端部と、それぞれ電気的に接続される電極とを有し、
前記封止部材は、前記絶縁基板の第2表面と前記導体の第2端部を互いに異なる面から露出させる、
磁気センサ。 - 前記磁気抵抗素子は、前記絶縁基板の前記第1表面に形成され、前記磁気抵抗膜を保護する保護膜を更に有する、
請求項1に記載の磁気センサ。 - 前記保護膜は、前記絶縁基板の前記第1表面の全体又は略全体に形成され、
前記電極の前記他端が前記保護膜を貫通すること、及び前記保護膜に半田又はバンプを貫通させる孔が形成されること、の少なくとも一方により、前記電極の前記他端は前記導体の前記第1端部と電気的に接続される、
請求項2に記載の磁気センサ。 - 前記保護膜は、前記絶縁基板の前記磁気抵抗膜上に形成される無機保護膜と、前記無機保護膜上に形成される有機保護膜とを有し、
前記電極は、少なくとも前記無機保護膜を貫通して前記有機保護膜に達し、
前記有機保護膜には、前記半田又は前記バンプを少なくとも部分的に貫通させる孔が形成される、
請求項3に記載の磁気センサ。 - 前記保護膜は、前記絶縁基板の前記第1表面の一部に形成され、
前記電極は、前記絶縁基板の前記第1表面の、前記保護膜が形成されていない部分に設けられる、
請求項2に記載の磁気センサ。 - 前記絶縁基板は、サファイアを主成分とする材料で形成される、
請求項1-5のいずれか一項に記載の磁気センサ。 - 前記絶縁基板は、100-150μmの厚みに形成される、
請求項6に記載の磁気センサ。 - 前記絶縁基板は、前記第1表面及び前記第2表面が鏡面に研磨される、
請求項6又は7に記載の磁気センサ。
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Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0521863A (ja) * | 1991-07-15 | 1993-01-29 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 強磁性磁気抵抗素子 |
JPH08116108A (ja) * | 1994-10-13 | 1996-05-07 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | 磁気式センサ |
JPH10289422A (ja) * | 1997-04-17 | 1998-10-27 | Sankyo Seiki Mfg Co Ltd | 磁気検出装置及びその製造方法 |
JPH11330584A (ja) * | 1998-05-15 | 1999-11-30 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | 磁電変換素子およびそれを用いた磁気センサ、磁電変換素子の製造方法 |
WO2001046708A1 (fr) * | 1999-12-22 | 2001-06-28 | Mitsubichi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Equipement de detection et son procede de fabrication |
JP2005337866A (ja) * | 2004-05-26 | 2005-12-08 | Asahi Kasei Corp | 磁性体検出器及び半導体パッケージ |
JP2017026312A (ja) * | 2013-12-02 | 2017-02-02 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 三次元磁気センサー |
-
2021
- 2021-12-06 US US18/256,351 patent/US20240019504A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-06 JP JP2022569882A patent/JPWO2022131060A1/ja active Pending
- 2021-12-06 CN CN202180080813.4A patent/CN116635695A/zh active Pending
- 2021-12-06 WO PCT/JP2021/044796 patent/WO2022131060A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0521863A (ja) * | 1991-07-15 | 1993-01-29 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 強磁性磁気抵抗素子 |
JPH08116108A (ja) * | 1994-10-13 | 1996-05-07 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | 磁気式センサ |
JPH10289422A (ja) * | 1997-04-17 | 1998-10-27 | Sankyo Seiki Mfg Co Ltd | 磁気検出装置及びその製造方法 |
JPH11330584A (ja) * | 1998-05-15 | 1999-11-30 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | 磁電変換素子およびそれを用いた磁気センサ、磁電変換素子の製造方法 |
WO2001046708A1 (fr) * | 1999-12-22 | 2001-06-28 | Mitsubichi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Equipement de detection et son procede de fabrication |
JP2005337866A (ja) * | 2004-05-26 | 2005-12-08 | Asahi Kasei Corp | 磁性体検出器及び半導体パッケージ |
JP2017026312A (ja) * | 2013-12-02 | 2017-02-02 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 三次元磁気センサー |
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