CN1235238C - 无源的磁性位置传感器 - Google Patents

无源的磁性位置传感器 Download PDF

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CN1235238C
CN1235238C CNB028084616A CN02808461A CN1235238C CN 1235238 C CN1235238 C CN 1235238C CN B028084616 A CNB028084616 A CN B028084616A CN 02808461 A CN02808461 A CN 02808461A CN 1235238 C CN1235238 C CN 1235238C
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permanent magnet
contact spring
spring structure
substrate
position sensor
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CN1503978A (zh
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Z·彭扎
K·埃克
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Continental Automotive GmbH
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Siemens AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/16—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying resistance
    • G01D5/165—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying resistance by relative movement of a point of contact or actuation and a resistive track
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/25—Selecting one or more conductors or channels from a plurality of conductors or channels, e.g. by closing contacts
    • G01D5/251—Selecting one or more conductors or channels from a plurality of conductors or channels, e.g. by closing contacts one conductor or channel
    • G01D5/2515—Selecting one or more conductors or channels from a plurality of conductors or channels, e.g. by closing contacts one conductor or channel with magnetically controlled switches, e.g. by movement of a magnet

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种无源的磁性位置传感器，它包括有一个衬底(1)，该衬底有一个布置在该衬底(1)上的电阻器网路(2)，该网路设有一个接触弹簧结构(8)，该接触弹簧结构在永久磁铁(11)的作用下可以偏转，其中在电阻器网路(2)和接触弹簧结构(8)之间通过接触而实现电连接，这种连接取决于永久磁铁(11)的位置，其中接触弹簧结构(8)和电阻器结构(2)封闭在一个密封的外壳(1，12)里，而且这永久磁铁(11)可以在密封外壳(1，12)之外运动。在一个对永久磁铁(11)的磁性力进行了改进的一种位置传感器中这永久磁铁(11)在接触弹簧结构(8)的运动方向上被极化，其中为了使未扰动的磁场的吸引力进行聚束，一个导磁装置(14，150；156)布置在永久磁铁(11)旁。

Description

无源的磁性位置传感器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种无源的磁性位置传感器，它包括有一个衬底，该衬底有一个布置在该衬底上的电阻器网路，该网路设有一个接触弹簧结构，它在永久磁铁的作用下可以偏转，其中在电阻器网路和接触弹簧结构之间通过接触而实现电连接，这种连接取决于永久磁铁的位置，其中这接触弹簧结构和电阻器结构都封闭在一个密封的外壳里，而且这永久磁铁可以在这密封外壳之外运动。
背景技术
这样一种位置传感器由专利DE 196 48 539就已知了。电阻器网路和接触结构都布置在一个衬底上。磁性装置与一个可动的应该求出其位置的目标物相连接，通过这磁性装置使接触弹簧结构产生偏转，从而使它接触这电阻器网路并可以在位置传感器上接收一个对应于移动目标物的位置的输出信号。
这样一种所描述的磁性位置传感器只有几个厘米长。为了能够使位置传感器可靠地起作用，磁铁因而不可以无限地加大，因为这可能会引起接触弹簧结构的许多弹簧脚由于这磁铁而同时地吸引，从而使传感器的输出信号不明确，因而也就无法利用了。
发明内容
因而本发明的任务在于提出一种对永久磁铁的磁性力进行了改进的无源的磁性位置传感器。
按照本发明这任务通过以下方法来解决：永久磁铁在接触弹簧结构的运动方向上极化了，其中为了使未扰动的磁场的吸引力进行聚束，一种导磁装置布置在永久磁铁旁。
本发明的优点在于：由于导磁物体使未扰动磁场的曲线发生变化，从而使其梯度沿横交于外壳的方向上加大。由永久磁铁所构成的磁场被看作为未受扰动的磁场，在这磁场里并没装入带有电阻器网路和接触弹簧结构的外壳。由于这项措施就可以加强磁场的力，而不需要改变几何尺寸。
本发明的一种简单的改进方案在于：导磁装置设计成可导磁的盖罩，它可以装在这永久磁铁上。这样一种盖罩具有U形横断面，在这横断面的自由端上形成了一个虚拟的磁极。因而使未扰动的磁场(空气中的场)聚束。从而使横交于传感器外壳方向的磁场梯度在外壳的位置处可以显著增大。
在另外一种技术方案中，导磁装置由两个附加的辅助磁铁组成，其中这永久磁铁布置在这两个辅助磁铁之间并且这辅助磁铁的磁化方向与永久磁铁的磁化方向相反。
若外壳设计成非磁性的并因而使永久磁铁的磁性力不衰耗地作用在接触弹簧结构上，那么永久磁铁的磁性力就可以特别充分地加以利用。
附图说明
本发明允许有许多实施形式。其中一种实施形式就根据附图详细加以说明。所示为：
图1：位置传感器作为电位计的实施例；
图2：具有印制电路的电阻线路的俯视图；
图3：具有印制电路的电阻线路的截面图；
图4：位置传感器的输出信号；
图5：具有导磁装置的磁铁的第一个实施例；
图6：具有导磁装置的磁铁的第二个实施例。
在所有附图中都用同样的标号来表示相同的特征。
具体实施方式
图1概略表示了一种按厚层布置方式以电位计形式的线性无源的磁性位置传感器。非磁性的衬底1上有一种层状电阻线路2形状的电阻网路，这种电阻线路布置在电接线装置5和6之间。
如由图2可见，在电阻线路2下面以均匀的间距在衬底上相互平行地布置了多个印制电路3。这些印制电路3垂直于电阻线路2直接涂覆在衬底1上。印制电路3局部由电阻线路2盖住。此时每个印制电路3的端部形成了一个接触表面4，它们涂上了一层金或银。
图3截面图表示了：印制电路3在电阻线路2的范围内完全被这电阻线路2包围，以保证可靠的电接通。按图1所示在衬底上平行于电阻线路2布置了一个间距保持器7，在这保持器上放了一个软磁薄膜状的整体梳形弯梁结构的接触弹簧结构8。另一种可选的方案是弯梁结构由非磁性材料制成，这种材料设有一层磁性层。梳状软磁接触弹簧结构接触弹簧结构8由一侧支承的自由活动的弯梁9构成。弯梁9电镀了金层或银层用以减少接触电阻。
间距保持器7使接触弹簧结构8的自由活动端至接触表面4保持一定的间距。弯梁9的自由活动端覆盖于接触表面4上而布置。此时设计成软磁薄膜的接触弹簧结构8本身是能导电的并与位于外面的电接线装置10连接。
如上所述，电阻线路2经接线装置5和6与外壳和工作电压UB电气连接。位置传感器的信号电压可以通过电接线装置10截取，该接线装置与接触弹簧结构8相连接。信号电压UAUS可在0至UB伏特的范围内变化并表示出了一个永久磁铁11的位置。
永久磁铁11布置在外壳1，12之外，相对于装有电阻线路2的衬底1的背离侧可以活动，该永久磁铁11在接触表面4与单侧支承住的弯梁9的自由活动端的重迭部位处运动。接触弹簧结构8的弯梁9的自由活动端通过永久磁铁11的磁场而被拉到接触表面4上并与之接通。对应于永久磁铁11的位置就与电阻网路的电阻产生了电连接并且截取了对应于这个位置的信号电压UAUS。同时产生了一个阶梯状的输出信号如图4所示那样。
永久磁铁11的宽度设计应保证使接触弹簧结构8的多个并排布置的可自由活动的端部9同时与对应的接触面接通，并因此冗余地起作用，从而在某些触点中断时并不会造成测量系统信号的完全中断。
装有电阻线路2和软磁薄膜的绝缘衬底1由一个陶瓷板构成。它同时用作为位置传感器的外壳壁板，它用一个外壳12封闭起来。外壳盖12的材料和衬底1具有相同的，或者说一个类似的温度膨胀系数，并且能够钎焊、电焊或者粘结连接。
更为有利地应用了一种非磁性的外壳盖12。作为在绝缘衬底1上圈边缘的一个金属化层13用于封装这位置传感器。为了改善可钎焊性使金属层13镀锡。为实现电接头5，6，10使销钉穿过绝缘的衬底1并在那里密封地并因而抗腐蚀地与电阻线路2或接触弹簧结构8钎焊或者电焊连接。
为了提高在传感器部位处磁铁11的吸引力，在横交于外壳盖的方向上在其位置上加强未扰动磁场的梯度(没有传感器在场时的磁场，这传感器在图5和6中只用外壳盖12表示出来)。这可以按不同的型式来实现。
图5表示了一种有利地将未受扰动的磁场聚束用于提高吸引力的装置。有一个具有U形横断面的可导磁的钢盖罩14放置在原来的永久磁铁11上。永久磁铁11此时这样极化，使其南磁极直接位于衬底1的对面。磁铁11的磁化方向对应于接触弹簧结构8的弯梁9的运动方向。在钢盖罩14的U形横断面的自由端上形成了虚拟的磁极。因而使未扰动的磁场(空气中的磁场)没有衬底1时这样聚束，从而在衬底1的位置上使磁场梯度显著地增长。
若在侧面用两个永久磁铁15a，15b围住基本永久磁铁11，这两个永久磁铁15a，15b在与永久磁铁11相反方向上设有一个光磁装置，那就可以引起同样的效应。

Claims (4)

1.无源的位置传感器，它包括有一个衬底，在该衬底上布置了电阻网路，该网路设有一个接触弹簧结构，该接触弹簧结构在一个永久磁铁的作用下可以偏转，其中在电阻网路和接触弹簧结构之间通过接触而实现电连接，这种连接取决于永久磁铁的位置，其中接触弹簧结构和电阻结构封闭在一个密封的外壳里，而且永久磁铁可以在这密封外壳之外运动，其特征在于，永久磁铁(11)在接触弹簧结构(8)的运动方向上被极化，其中为提高对未受扰动磁场的吸引力的聚束有一个导磁装置(14；15a，15b)布置在永久磁铁(11)旁。
2.按权利要求1所述的无源的位置传感器，其特征在于，导磁装置(14；15a，15b)设计成导磁的盖罩(14)，该盖罩设置在永久磁铁(11)上。
3.按权利要求1所述的无源位置传感器，其特征在于，导磁装置(14；15a，15b)由两个附加的辅助磁铁(15a，15b)组成，其中永久磁铁(11)布置在两个辅助磁铁(15a，15b)之间，而且这两个辅助磁铁(15a，15b)的磁化方向与永久磁铁(11)的磁化方向相反。
4.按权利要求1所述的无源位置传感器，其特征在于，外壳(1，12)设计成非磁性的。
CNB028084616A 2001-04-19 2002-03-21 无源的磁性位置传感器 Expired - Lifetime CN1235238C (zh)

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DE10119317A DE10119317A1 (de) 2001-04-19 2001-04-19 Passiver magnetischer Positionssensor
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US20050139003A1 (en) * 2003-02-26 2005-06-30 Rudolph Bergsma Trust Hermetic fuel level sender
DE10308958A1 (de) 2003-02-28 2004-09-09 Siemens Ag Magnetisch passiver Positions-Sensor, Verfahren zur Fertigung des magnetisch passiven Positions-Sensors
US7673509B2 (en) * 2006-01-04 2010-03-09 Rudolph Bergsma Trust Magnetically coupled drive for a sealed liquid level sender
EP1965176B1 (de) * 2007-03-01 2014-07-30 J. Wagner AG Sensor zum Erfassen der Position eines beweglichen magnetischen Objekts und eine den Sensor aufweisende Fördervorrichtung
JP4992689B2 (ja) * 2007-12-05 2012-08-08 株式会社デンソー 磁気的位置検出装置
JP4992690B2 (ja) * 2007-12-05 2012-08-08 株式会社デンソー 磁気的位置検出装置
DE102008011713A1 (de) * 2008-02-28 2009-09-03 Continental Automotive Gmbh Magnetischer passiver Positionssensor
EP2269004A1 (de) * 2008-04-24 2011-01-05 Hirschmann Automotive GmbH Magnetischer positionssensor mit einer abgreifschicht aus einem amorphen metall
DE102016213514A1 (de) * 2016-07-22 2018-01-25 Continental Automotive Gmbh Passiver magnetischer Positionssensor
EP3521779B1 (en) * 2018-01-31 2022-03-02 TI Automotive Technology Center GmbH Fuel level sensor
DK3839255T3 (da) * 2019-12-19 2022-06-07 Contelec Ag Aksial stempelpumpe

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US5210493A (en) * 1992-02-27 1993-05-11 General Motors Corporation Method for embedding wires within a powder metal core and sensor assembly produced by such a method
DE19648539C2 (de) * 1996-11-25 2000-04-13 Mannesmann Vdo Ag Passiver magnetischer Positionssensor
DE19803018C2 (de) * 1997-03-05 2000-09-07 Vs Sensorik Gmbh Magnetischer Meßwertaufnehmer

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JP2004525378A (ja) 2004-08-19
KR100854836B1 (ko) 2008-08-27
US20040130319A1 (en) 2004-07-08
EP1380038B1 (de) 2005-08-24
DE10119317A1 (de) 2002-10-31
KR20040005918A (ko) 2004-01-16
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EP1380038A1 (de) 2004-01-14
CN1503978A (zh) 2004-06-09

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