WO2022095285A1 - 一种多色注塑件及其注塑工艺 - Google Patents

一种多色注塑件及其注塑工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022095285A1
WO2022095285A1 PCT/CN2021/073474 CN2021073474W WO2022095285A1 WO 2022095285 A1 WO2022095285 A1 WO 2022095285A1 CN 2021073474 W CN2021073474 W CN 2021073474W WO 2022095285 A1 WO2022095285 A1 WO 2022095285A1
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Prior art keywords
injection
color
injection molded
molded part
molding
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PCT/CN2021/073474
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王宁捷
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宁波圣捷喷雾泵有限公司
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Publication of WO2022095285A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022095285A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C45/1615—The materials being injected at different moulding stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/18—Feeding the material into the injection moulding apparatus, i.e. feeding the non-plastified material into the injection unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C45/78—Measuring, controlling or regulating of temperature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of injection molding parts, in particular to a multicolor injection molding part and an injection molding process thereof.
  • the multi-color injection molding process is currently the most advanced injection molding process in the world.
  • the bright and colorful packaging makes consumers feel infinite visual enjoyment. It will be a revolution for cosmetics, daily chemical packaging, food and beverage packaging and daily necessities packaging, etc. Improve the performance, and make injection products have a very big breakthrough in anti-counterfeiting technology.
  • a Chinese patent document (announcement date: December 6, 2019, announcement number: CN209738194U) discloses a multi-color mold, which belongs to the technical field of molds. It solves the problem of low production efficiency of existing multi-color molds.
  • the multi-color mold includes a fixed platen and a movable platen that can be rotated relative to the fixed platen. At least three fixed grooves are fixedly connected to the fixed platen, and corresponding rotary grooves are connected to the movable platen. The grooves are connected with the corresponding fixed grooves to form an injection mold cavity.
  • the rotary grooves are connected in a ring shape in turn, and the adjacent rotary grooves are abutted against each other.
  • the fixed grooves are connected in a ring shape and adjacent to each other.
  • the fixed grooves abut against each other.
  • the present invention improves the compactness and production efficiency of the mold.
  • the above technical solution is to perform corresponding rotation and injection molding according to the number of injection mold cavities, so that multi-color plastic parts preparation of multi-color molds can be realized.
  • Chinese patent document (announcement date: August 7, 2013, announcement number: CN102357983B) discloses a polymer material multi-color calculus magic color injection molding equipment, belonging to the field of polymer material molding machinery, mainly by three. It consists of injection device, mold clamping device, color matching device, and forming mold. The forming mold is installed between the movable platen and the fixed mold puller of the mold clamping device.
  • the color matching device mainly consists of heating device, servo motor, coupling, bearing, melt Distribution shaft, sprue sleeve, melt distributor and confluence nozzle. It is composed of melt distribution body, and the melt distribution shaft is connected with the servo motor through the coupling.
  • the melt feeding amount of each sprue sleeve By the precise control of the melt feeding amount of each sprue sleeve by the servo motor, the color of the plastic products can be adjusted at will during the production process to meet the appearance requirements of the products of different colors.
  • the principle of the equipment is simple and easy to implement, the equipment design is reasonable, and there are no technical problems in processing and manufacturing.
  • the melt feed amount of each sprue sleeve is precisely controlled by the servo motor, the color of plastic products can be adjusted at will during the production process, and the appearance requirements of products of different colors can be met. Plastic products with color stripes.
  • Chinese Patent Documents (Announcement Date: November 1, 2019, Announcement No.: CN108145909B) discloses the instantaneous molding process of multi-color products, breaking through the traditional molding process, and injection molding multi-color product blanks in a cold mold state; maintaining multi-color products
  • the blank is in the same mold and does not leave the mold cavity, which ensures that there will be no human operation errors, no gaps and air entry between the multi-color product blank and the mold, and the molded product will not appear cross-colored and need to be painted and surfaced Burning and other low-quality conditions, and avoid the traditional process that requires vacuuming before forming and there is incomplete vacuuming, and then quickly heat the mold to the forming temperature to form multi-color products; open the mold and take out the multi-color products The finished product; the mold is quickly cooled to the cold state, and the multi-color product blank is injection-molded in the cold state again. In this way, the cyclic instantaneous cooling and heating are performed, and the multi-color product is formed concisely, efficiently,
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-color injection molded part and an injection molding process thereof that can realize that the injection materials of different colors will not fade, the boundary is clear, the molding cycle is short, and the injection molding process is efficient.
  • the multi-color injection molding parts can be applied to PP (polypropylene), HDPE (low pressure polyethylene), LLDPE (high pressure polyethylene), TPE (thermoplastic elastomer), TPU (polyurethane elastomer and other materials for injection molding, and Different materials can also be integrated with each other, which overcomes the defect that only a single material can be used in injection molding parts in the prior art, and at the same time overcomes the color halo between injection materials of different colors, and the demarcation line does not meet the design expectations, resulting in Most of the injection molding parts have poor appearance and other problems.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve its first purpose of the invention is: a multi-color injection molded part, including an injection molded part body, the injection molded part body is made of at least one injection molding material, and the injection molded part body Contains at least two colors.
  • the multi-color injection molded part is an innovation for the single color of the existing injection molded parts, especially for injection molding of multi-color injection molded parts of different colors.
  • the appearance of the multi-color injection molded part can be a color block spliced injection molded part or a color channel mixed injection molded part, which can make the injection molded part present a regular pattern or an irregular moiré pattern, and the appearance is rich in color.
  • the injection molding material is one or more of polypropylene, low-pressure polyethylene, high-pressure polyethylene, thermoplastic elastomer, and polyurethane elastomer.
  • the paired materials of multi-color injection molding materials must meet two basic compatibility conditions, namely adhesive compatibility and processing compatibility.
  • the above-mentioned materials have high adhesion compatibility and processing process compatibility with each other, which can ensure that injection materials of different colors and materials can be integrally formed after injection molding.
  • the injection molding body is a part formed by injection molding, and the injection molding body is a spray pump pressing pump head or a bottle cap or a cover or a bottle body or a spray gun or a foam pump or a small spray pump or a household appliance, etc. .
  • the multi-color injection molded parts disclosed in the present invention mainly include closed injection molded parts such as pressing pump heads and bottle caps. Such products are small in size and have clear structures in different color areas, which can ensure the normal installation and use of the skeleton-type edge line correction parts.
  • the injection molding body is a secondary injection molding
  • the injection molding body includes a basic color injection molding body and a multi-color injection molding body; the basic color injection molding body and the multi-color injection molding body and the multi-color injection molding body are mutually A thin-walled fusion body is provided in between.
  • the body of the injection molded part of the present application may be a secondary injection molded part.
  • the thin-walled fusion body is integrally formed with the basic color injection body and fused with the multi-color injection body.
  • the injection-molded part body is a one-time injection-molded part, and the injection-molded part body includes a plurality of color-block injection-molded bodies; a fusion line is formed where the color-block injection-molded bodies fuse with each other.
  • the body of the injection molded part of the present application can also be injection-molded at one time by providing an isolation body with an isolation groove. During one-time injection molding through the isolation body, the height of the partitions between the isolation grooves on the isolation body is smaller than the height of the injection molded part.
  • the setting of this height is generally based on the thickness of the injection part, that is, if the bottle cap If the wall thickness is 2mm, the height of the free fusion zone is 2mm. Since this height is relatively small compared to the entire injection part, there will be no cross-zone phenomenon between injections of different colors during the fusion process. , that is, there will be no color halo phenomenon, even if there is a slight deviation, it is not easy to reflect the overall appearance effect.
  • the mold release isolator realizes one injection molding.
  • the injection-molded part body is a one-time injection-molded part, a skeleton-type edge line correction part is provided at the connection of different colors of the injection-molded part body, and the skeleton-type edge line correction part is provided with a via hole; Connections of different colors of the body run through vias and are integrated with each other.
  • the one-shot injection molding of the present application can also be realized by using a built-in skeleton-type edge correction part. When one-time injection molding is required, only a skeleton-type edge correction part needs to be built in the connection of different colors inside the cavity.
  • the skeleton-type edge correction The parts are arranged in the mold cavity along the boundary lines of different colors to ensure that the injection of different colors will not appear on the surface of the injection molded parts before the injection is completed. It is smooth and forms a clear dividing line according to the preset pattern, and there is no situation where the injection material deviates from the left and right along the dividing line.
  • the via holes on the skeleton edge correction piece are used for the injection materials on both sides to be fused and connected to each other before cooling, so as to ensure that the bonding strength between different color areas meets the manufacturing requirements.
  • the position is far away from the edge, so the injection blending at the via hole will not affect the surface appearance of the injection part body, and the surface of the injection part body produces a clear dividing line under the separation of the skeleton edge correction parts.
  • Due to the built-in skeleton type edge correction part it can not only realize multi-material and multi-color injection molding of the injection part body at one time, but also can enhance the use strength of the injection part.
  • the shrinkage rate of the skeleton type edge correction part is larger than that of the injection molding material on both sides. shrinkage rate.
  • the shrinkage rate of plastic materials refers to the percentage of the difference between the size of the plastic part at the molding temperature and the size of the plastic part after it is taken out of the mold and cooled to room temperature.
  • the skeleton type edge correction part that conforms to the above shrinkage ratio relationship should be obtained by testing according to the types of materials on both sides; Make sure that the shrinkage rate of the skeleton type edge correcting part is greater than the shrinkage rate of the injection material on both sides.
  • This design makes the skeleton type edge correcting part in the expansion process after receiving the heat transfer of the molten injection material on both sides, the two ends of the skeleton type edge correcting part are It is combined with the inner and outer walls of the mold cavity, and during the cooling and shrinking process, the two ends of the skeleton edge correction piece gradually move away from the mold cavity and enter the multi-color injection molded part.
  • the surface of the injection-molded part first changes from a liquid state to a solid state. Therefore, when the skeleton edge correction part gradually shrinks into the injection-molded part, the surface of the injection-molded part is basically shaped, and there will be no color mixing and offset. Distortion and the problem of color dividing lines not forming according to the design pattern.
  • the skeleton edge correction part gradually shrinks, affected by the structural stress, the surface of the injection part body is closed and formed, forming a smooth outer surface with clear color boundaries.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the second purpose of the invention is: a multi-color injection molding process for injection molding, comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1) Start the injection molding machine, and inject various colors of molten materials of the same or different materials into the multiple injection plasticizing barrels of the injection molding machine according to the required color of the injection molded parts;
  • Step 2) Controlling the corresponding injection unit connected to the injection plasticizing barrel through the control system, and controlling the injection amount of each injection unit;
  • Step 3 in the cavity, according to the preset structure of the multi-color injection part, the isolation groove is set or the skeleton edge correction part is set at the joint of different color areas;
  • Step 4) Controlling the injection temperature of the injection unit through the control system and injecting the injection of the same or different materials with color into the cavity with the spacer or with the skeleton edge correction piece;
  • Step 5 Controlling the feeding temperature and feeding time of each material in the cavity through the control system, and realizing secondary molding or one-time molding of each color injection of the same or different materials after cooling is completed;
  • Step 6 Open the mold to obtain a multi-color injection molded part.
  • various injection materials with different colors required for injection molding are stored by several injection plasticizing barrels arranged in different injection units, and according to the design scheme of the injection molded part body in the mold cavity,
  • By setting an isolator with an isolation groove or setting and fixing a skeleton edge correction piece at its color dividing line it is possible to choose to use step-by-step feeding and secondary molding according to needs; or realize synchronous feeding and one-time molding.
  • it is secondary molding or primary molding it is possible to realize the mutual fusion of multi-color injection materials of the same or different materials.
  • the final shape of the injection molded parts required in the present invention can be For small closed parts through injection molding, in the process of secondary injection molding, the spacer is used as an auxiliary part of the mold cavity. After injection molding, the spacer is demolded from the injection part body. Separators of different structures are made according to different injection structures, and the multi-color injection molded parts after molding have obvious thin-wall fusions, which makes the color block distinction of multi-color injection parts more obvious.
  • the skeleton type edge correction part required for one injection molding is built-in. After the part is integrally formed with the injection part, it is built into the multi-color injection part as part of the injection plastic part and will not be taken out.
  • the skeleton type edge correction part can be Different color dividing lines are directly set to ensure that areas of different colors are kept separate before injection molding.
  • the control system controls the corresponding injection unit connected to the injection plasticizing barrel to perform quantitative injection, and monitors the feeding temperature and feeding time of each injection during the injection molding process to ensure the skeleton edge correction.
  • the solidification process of the injection material on both sides of the piece is controllable.
  • the skeleton type edge correction part is heated and expanded during the feeding process. During the expansion process, the two ends of the skeleton type edge correction part are joined with the mold cavity to ensure that the boundary lines of different colors are clear and accurate.
  • the inside of the part body is fused and connected with each other; after the feeding is completed, the cooling process starts, and the injection part body and the skeleton type edge correction part shrink together. Because the skeleton type edge correction part has a large shrinkage rate, the two ends of the skeleton type edge correction part gradually during the shrinkage process. Away from the mold cavity and into the multi-color injection molded part, the injection joints on both sides of the end of the skeleton edge correction part form a finished surface, and the demarcation line is clear and accurate. After cooling, the mold is opened to obtain a multi-color injection molded part, which has a good appearance and the color boundary meets the design requirements.
  • the height of the spacer with the isolation groove and the height of the spacer forming the isolation groove is the same as the height of the injection molded part, and the injection materials of different colors are not free from each other.
  • the basic color injection material is injected into the cavity; after the basic color injection material is cooled to the molding temperature, injection materials of different colors are injected into the isolation groove respectively, and the molding temperature of each color injection material is controlled, so that each color injection material and the basic color injection material are fused to form an overmolded multi-color injection molded part. Since the over-injection molding process is achieved through a spacer, this process requires first determining a basic color, that is, the overall color of the part, for example, a bottle cap.
  • the tape of the bottle cap The peripheral cover of the threaded ring is first set as the basic color, and the top of the cover is selected to be injection-molded into a multi-color structure. In this way, an isolation body is made in advance, and six isolation grooves are set on the isolation body. First, the mold cavity is injected to form the cover. The required basic color injection material, after the cover body is formed, at this time, six thin-walled fusion bodies will be formed on the cover body, and then injection materials of the same or different materials of different colors are injected into the six isolation grooves, either. Merge with the cap body to form the final cap.
  • the height of the spacer with the isolation groove, the height of the spacer forming the isolation groove is less than the height of the injection molded part, and the free fusion area of the injection of different color areas is formed at the top of the spacer, and the different colors
  • the injection materials are fused in the free fusion zone, and the injection unit is controlled by the control system to inject different colors of injection materials into the isolation groove inside the mold cavity at the same time; the injection materials of two adjacent colors are integrated in the free fusion zone. And form a fusion line, control the molding temperature of each color injection, and mold multi-color injection plastic parts at one time.
  • the feeding temperature and feeding time of each material in the cavity are controlled by the control system, and the injection molding temperature of each material is calculated.
  • the side injection material it undergoes an expansion-shrinkage process, and after cooling is completed, various color injection materials of the same or different materials can be formed at one time.
  • the movable mold and the fixed mold corresponding to the injection unit are provided with different color forming areas, and an anti-halation color point isolation structure is provided between adjacent color forming areas.
  • the color point isolation structure is formed by a skeleton type edge correction piece.
  • the skeleton type edge line correction piece adopts a composite structure, including a fusion section close to the surface of the injection part body and a joint section arranged inside the fusion section, on the joint section.
  • a via hole is provided for ensuring that the injection materials on both sides are fused and connected to each other, and the melting point of the fusion section is higher than the melting point of the injection materials on both sides.
  • the fusion section with higher melting point will not be melted during the heat transfer process of the injection on both sides, so as to ensure that there is no color halo phenomenon between the different color molding areas.
  • the fusion section is locally reheated, so that the fusion section and the injection materials on both sides are simultaneously melted and combined at a local high temperature. Due to the existence of the fusion section, the color area on both sides will not appear blurred. In this right, the fusion section should be made of transparent parts. If there is a higher requirement for the outline of the boundary line between the different color areas of the injection body, the lighter color of the materials on both sides can also be used as the true color of the fusion section.
  • the injection unit includes a vertical injection unit arranged on the top of the fixed die plate, at least one piggyback injection unit arranged on the non-operation side, and a main injection unit arranged on the movable mold side.
  • the injection molding process disclosed in the present invention adopts horizontal/vertical/parallel free combined injection molding equipment for processing, vertical injection is performed from the top of the fixed mold, and the backpack injection unit on the non-operation side is arranged on the same plane as the main injection unit. Injection from both directions.
  • the main injection unit adopts the mode of parallel injection unit, and at least includes more than one injection unit. It is worth noting that each injection unit is controlled by a computer and connected to each other by signals. The amount of injection material is precisely controlled by the electric servo motor drive system, and multi-color injection molding can be performed according to design requirements.
  • the movable mold is driven by a rotating disk to realize the switching of the stations. That is, the movable mold can be rotated, and only the fixed mold part will be affected by the geometric shape of the product, so it is possible to use this technology to achieve a good design concept on one side. Since this technology allows simultaneous injection molding, it is often used to save cycle time.
  • the technology is mainly applicable to the processing of drinking cups, handles, lids, seals, and the like.
  • the multi-color injection molded part can realize the mutual fusion molding of multiple different colors of the same material, and can also realize the fusion between multiple different colors of different materials.
  • Mutual fusion molding the appearance of multi-color injection molding parts can be color block splicing injection molding parts, or color channel mixing injection molding parts, which can make the injection molding parts show regular patterns or irregular moiré-like colors, and the appearance is rich in color; It effectively solves the problems in the prior art that the injection materials of different materials cannot be fused with each other, or the injection materials of the same or different materials can only be fused with each other in a single color or two colors;
  • the skeleton type edge correction part is set in the mold cavity along the dividing line of different colors to ensure that the injection of different colors will not occur before the injection molding work.
  • the fusion, color mixing, and color halo of the surface ensure that the boundary lines of different colors on the surface of the injection molded parts are smooth and smooth, and a clear boundary line is formed according to the preset pattern, and there will be no deviation of the injection material along the boundary line.
  • the via holes are used for the injection materials on both sides to be fused and connected to each other before cooling to ensure that the bonding strength between different color areas meets the manufacturing requirements;
  • the skeleton-type edge correction piece shrinks into the body of the injection-molded part, and forms a structure in which the two sides of the injection material are fused and connected to each other at the via hole. After the body of the injection-molded part is formed, it is used as its "skeleton structure" to effectively increase the body of the injection-molded part. overall structural rigidity;
  • the color point isolation structure formed by the composite skeleton type edge correction piece needs to be heated for a second time after the injection is completed, so that the fusion section is fused with the injection material on both sides.
  • the injection molding can be ensured.
  • the body of the part is integrally formed and the appearance will not appear blurred.
  • Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of multi-color injection molded parts in the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a top view of the multi-color injection molded part in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is A-A sectional view in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is the sectional view at the X place in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a kind of front view of the skeleton type edge line corrector in the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a kind of sectional view of the skeleton type edge correction member in the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a kind of side view of skeleton type edge line corrector in the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is the second kind of structure schematic diagram of the skeleton type edge line corrector of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is the third structure schematic diagram of the skeleton type edge line correction member in the present invention.
  • Example 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the color point isolation structure before melting in Example 2 of the present invention.
  • Example 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the color point isolation structure after melting in Example 2 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is the front view of the variable-section skeleton type edge correction member in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the variable-section skeleton type edge correction member B-B in Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view of the variable-section skeleton type edge correction member C-C in Figure 12;
  • Embodiment 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an injection molded part body in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the separator in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an injection molded part body in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a separator in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 19 is a kind of structural representation of injection molding machine in the present invention.
  • a multi-color injection molded part includes an injection molded part body 1.
  • the injection molded part body 1 is made of at least one injection molding material, and the injection molded part body 1 contains at least two colors. .
  • the injection molding material is one or more of polypropylene, low-pressure polyethylene, high-pressure polyethylene, thermoplastic elastomer, and polyurethane elastomer.
  • the injection molding body is a spray pump press pump head or a bottle cap or a cover or a bottle body or a spray gun or a foam pump or a small spray pump or a home appliance and so on.
  • the injection molded body 1 is the pump head of a spray pump.
  • the multi-color injection molded part disclosed in this embodiment is an innovation for the single color of the existing injection molded parts, especially for injection molding of multi-color injection molded parts of different colors.
  • the appearance of the multi-color injection molded part can be a color block spliced injection molded part or a color channel mixed injection molded part, which can make the injection molded part present a regular pattern or an irregular moiré pattern, and the appearance is rich in color.
  • the paired materials of multi-color injection molding materials must meet two basic compatibility conditions, namely adhesive compatibility and processing compatibility.
  • the above-mentioned materials have high adhesion compatibility and processing process compatibility with each other, which can ensure that injection materials of different colors and materials can be integrally formed after injection molding.
  • the multi-color injection molded parts disclosed in the present invention mainly include closed injection molded parts such as pressing pump heads and bottle caps. Such products are small in size and have clear structures in different color areas, which can ensure the normal installation and use of the skeleton-type edge line correction parts.
  • the injection-molded part body 1 is a one-time injection-molded part, and a skeleton edge correction part 2 is provided at the connection of different colors of the injection-molded part body 1 .
  • the skeleton-type edge line correction member 2 is provided with a via hole 3, and the connection parts of the injection-molded part body 1 with different colors pass through the via hole and are integrated with each other.
  • the shrinkage rate of the skeleton-type edge line corrector 2 is greater than the shrinkage rate of the injection molding materials on both sides.
  • the skeleton-type edge line correction part 2 is arranged in the mold cavity along the boundary lines of different colors, so as to ensure that the injection of different colors will not occur on the surface of the injection molded parts before the injection is completed. Fusion, color mixing, and color halo ensure smooth and smooth boundaries between different colors on the surface of injection molded parts, and form a clear boundary according to the preset pattern, and there will be no deviation of the injection material along the boundary.
  • the vias 3 on the skeleton-type edge correction part 2 are used for the injection materials on both sides to be fused and connected to each other before cooling, so as to ensure that the bonding strength between different color areas meets the manufacturing requirements.
  • the edge correction part 2 is far away from the edge, so the injection blending at the via hole 3 will not affect the surface appearance of the injection part body 1, and the surface of the injection part body 1 is separated by the skeleton edge correction part 2. boundaries.
  • the shrinkage rate of plastic materials refers to the percentage of the difference between the size of the plastic part at the molding temperature and the size of the plastic part after it is taken out of the mold and cooled to room temperature. Its parameters are affected by the type of plastic, the molding method and the conditions. When selecting the material of the skeleton type edge correction piece 2, the skeleton type edge line correction piece 2 should be obtained through the test according to the types of the materials on both sides.
  • the skeleton type edge line The cross-section of the calibration part 2 along the normal direction of the color block boundary line of the injection part body 1 should be a narrow-wide-narrow structure to ensure that the influence of its two ends on the surface integrity of the injection part body 1 is minimized.
  • the cross-section of the skeleton-type sideline correction member 2 is a shuttle-shaped structure; as shown in Figure 8, the cross-section of the skeleton-type sideline correction member 2 is a diamond-shaped structure; also as shown in Figure 9, the skeleton-type sideline correction member 2
  • the cross-section is an iso-rhombic structure.
  • the two ends of the skeleton-type edge correction part 2 gradually move away from the mold cavity and enter the multi-color injection molded part. Due to the gradual dissipation of heat during the cooling process, the surface of the injection-molded part body 1 is first transformed from liquid to solid. Therefore, when the skeleton edge correction part 2 gradually shrinks into the injection-molded part body 1, the surface of the injection-molded part body 1 is basically shaped, and there will be no color mixing. , offsets, distortions, and color boundaries that don't follow the design pattern. When the skeleton-type edge correction part 2 gradually shrinks, under the influence of internal stress, the surface of the injection part body 1 is closed and formed to form a smooth outer surface with clear color boundaries.
  • the shrinkage rate of the injection molding material selected in this example is as follows: the polypropylene processing temperature is 250-270°C, and the shrinkage rate is 1.0-2.5%; the low-pressure polyethylene processing temperature is 250-270°C, the shrinkage rate is 1.0-2.5%; the high-pressure polyethylene processing temperature 160 ⁇ 260°C, shrinkage rate is 1.5 ⁇ 5.0%; high pressure polyethylene processing temperature is 260 ⁇ 300°C, shrinkage rate is 1.5 ⁇ 5.0%; polyurethane elastomer processing temperature is 195 ⁇ 230°C, shrinkage rate is 0.9%; Edge line correction part 2 can select plastic materials with higher shrinkage rate under the same processing temperature range according to the injection shrinkage rate of both sides, such as polyvinylidene fluoride, etc.
  • the shrinkage rate of polyvinylidene is 3.0-6.0 when the processing temperature is 250-270°C. %.
  • the multi-color injection molded part disclosed in this embodiment is realized by an injection molding process, including the following steps:
  • Step 1) Start the injection molding machine 100, and inject various colors of molten material of the same or different materials into the multiple injection plasticizing barrels of the injection molding machine according to the required color of the injection molded part;
  • Step 2) Controlling the corresponding injection unit connected to the injection plasticizing barrel through the control system, and controlling the injection amount of each injection unit;
  • Step 3 In the mold cavity, according to the preset structure of the multi-color injection part, a skeleton-type edge line correction part is arranged at the junction of different color areas;
  • Step 4) Controlling the injection temperature of the injection unit through the control system and injecting the injection of the same or different materials with color into the mold cavity;
  • Step 5 Control the feeding temperature and feeding time of each material inside the cavity through the control system, and realize one-time molding of the same or different materials of each color injection after the cooling is completed; in the one-shot molding process, control the cavity through the control system.
  • the feeding temperature and feeding time of each material inside are calculated to obtain the injection molding temperature of each material.
  • the skeleton edge correction part undergoes an expansion-contraction process under the heat transfer of the injection material on both sides, and the same or Various colors of injection materials of different materials are molded at one time; step 6) mold opening to obtain multi-color injection molded parts.
  • the injection molding body 1 is designed in the mold cavity according to the design of the injection molding body 1 .
  • the solution is to set and fix the skeleton edge correction part 2 at its color dividing line to realize synchronous feeding and one-time molding.
  • the injection molded parts are small closed parts such as sprayer pump heads and bottle caps, so the skeleton edge correction parts 2 can be directly set according to different color boundary lines to ensure that areas of different colors are kept separate before injection molding and feeding.
  • the control system controls the corresponding injection unit connected to the injection plasticizing barrel to perform quantitative injection, and monitors the feeding temperature and feeding time of each injection during the injection molding process to ensure the skeleton edge correction.
  • the solidification process of the injection material on both sides of the piece 2 is controllable.
  • the skeleton type edge correcting member 2 is heated and expanded during the feeding process. During the expansion process, the two ends of the skeleton type edge correcting member 2 are joined to the mold cavity. , to ensure that the boundary lines of different colors have clear outlines and accurate positions.
  • the injection materials on both sides are fused and connected to each other inside the injection molded body 1 through the via holes 3.
  • the junction of the two sides of the injection material is always located in the center of the injection molded part body 1, which effectively improves the uniformity and overall quality of the injection molded part body; after the feeding is completed, the cooling process begins, and the injection molded part body 1 and the skeleton edge correction part 2 shrink together , Because the shrinkage rate of the skeleton type edge correction part 2 is relatively large, the two ends of the skeleton type edge line correction part 2 gradually move away from the mold cavity and enter the multi-color injection part during the shrinkage process. The joint forms a complete surface with clear and precise demarcation lines. After cooling, the mold is opened to obtain a multi-color injection molded part, which has a good appearance and the color boundary meets the design requirements.
  • the injection unit includes a vertical injection unit 5 disposed on the top of the fixed platen, at least one piggyback injection unit 51 disposed on the non-operation side, and a main injection unit 52 disposed on the movable mold side.
  • the moving mold is driven by a rotating disk 53 to realize the switching of the stations.
  • the injection molding process disclosed in the present invention adopts horizontal/vertical/parallel free combined injection molding equipment for processing, vertical injection is performed from the top of the fixed mold, and the backpack injection unit on the non-operation side is arranged on the same plane as the main injection unit. Injection from both directions.
  • the main injection unit adopts the mode of parallel injection unit, and at least includes more than one injection unit.
  • each injection unit is controlled by a computer and connected to each other by signals.
  • the amount of injection material is precisely controlled by the electric servo motor drive system, and multi-color injection molding can be performed according to design requirements.
  • the movable mold of the injection molding equipment in this embodiment can be rotated, and only the fixed mold part will be affected by the geometric shape of the product, so a good design concept of one side can be realized by using this technology. Since this technology allows simultaneous injection molding, it is often used to save cycle time.
  • the technology is mainly applicable to the processing of drinking cups, handles, lids, seals, and the like.
  • the injection molding body 1 is a spray pump pressing the pump head, including a first color block 11 (the lower connecting body of the pump head) and a second color block 12 (gland) , the third color block 13 (the right part of the pump head) and the fourth color block 14 (the left part of the pump head).
  • a skeleton-type edge line correction member is arranged between each of the color blocks.
  • the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the movable mold and the fixed mold corresponding to the injection unit in this embodiment are provided with different color forming areas, and the adjacent color forming areas are provided with anti-halation colors.
  • Point isolation structure 4 The color point isolation structure is formed by a skeleton-type edge correction piece.
  • the skeleton-type edge line correction piece adopts a composite structure, including a fusion segment 41 close to the surface of the injection part body 1 and a joint segment 42 arranged inside the fusion segment.
  • the joint section is provided with a via hole 3 for ensuring that the injection materials on both sides are fused and connected to each other, and the melting point of the fusion section is higher than the melting point of the injection materials on both sides.
  • the fusion segment with the higher melting point does not melt during the heat transfer of the two-side injection, thus ensuring no color smearing between the different colored molding areas.
  • the fusion section is partially heated, so that the fusion section and the injection materials on both sides are simultaneously melted and combined at a local high temperature. The existence of , so that the color area on both sides will not appear blurring. If the position of the fusion segment is not completely shrunk into the body of the injection molded part, the excess part of the fusion segment protruding from the surface of the body of the injection molded part can be removed by partial polishing.
  • the fusion section should be made of transparent parts. If there is a higher requirement for the outline of the boundary line between the different color areas of the injection molded body, the lighter color of the two sides of the material can also be used as the true color of the fusion section.
  • the fusion section and the joint section are made of different materials, and the material selection of the two needs to be selected according to the two injection materials separated by them. Higher than the injection shrinkage on both sides.
  • the cross-section of the skeleton-type edge correction member along the length direction and along the normal direction of the color dividing line is a variable-section structure, that is, a variable cross-section structure.
  • the cross-section skeleton type edge correcting member is a strip-shaped member with a wavy streamlined profile.
  • the skeleton type edge correcting member includes a plurality of shuttle-shaped parts 61 connected end to end. The junction of the shuttle-shaped parts is provided with a through hole 3, and the through hole 3 is used for The injection materials on both sides of the skeleton-type edge correcting member 2 are fused and connected to each other.
  • the described setting is in the middle of the cross-section of the variable-section skeleton-type edge correcting member 6 along the normal direction of the color dividing line.
  • the via hole is The position varies with the Skeleton Edge Corrector outline, but is always equidistant from both sides of the outline.
  • the arrangement of the variable-section skeleton-type sideline corrector in conjunction with the central via hole can effectively avoid the existence of air bubbles in the via-hole of the skeleton-type sideline correction member with a certain cross-section in Embodiment 1.
  • variable-section skeleton-type sideline correction member is arranged on After the mold cavity, during the injection process, the injection material on both sides of the variable-section skeleton type edge correction piece enters from the injection port. After the injection material contacts the surface of the variable-section skeleton type edge line correction piece, the injection material can be smoothly and fit along the edge.
  • the streamline structure of the outer surface flows, so that the injection material flows along the length direction of the variable-section skeleton edge correction piece, and the gas is smoothly discharged under the streamline action.
  • the via hole arranged at the connection of the shuttle-shaped part has no space for gas retention because its cross-section is the narrowest cross-section of the variable-section skeleton edge line correction part, which makes it impossible to retain air bubbles in the body of the injection molded part after the injection is completed.
  • the injection molded body 1 is a secondary injection molded part, and the injection molded body 1 includes a basic color injection body 101 and a multi-color injection body 102 ;
  • a thin-walled fusion body 103 is provided between the basic color injection molded body 101 and the multi-color injection molded body 102 and between the multi-color injection molded bodies 102 .
  • the thin-wall fusion body 103 is integrally formed with the basic color injection body 101 and fused with the multi-color injection body 102 .
  • the colorful injection molded body 102 includes six color blocks of different colors, namely the first color block 11 , the second color block 12 , the third color block 13 , the fourth color block 14 , the fifth color block 15 and the sixth color block 16 , each color block is integrated with the basic color injection body.
  • the multi-color injection molded part disclosed in this embodiment is realized by an injection molding process, which includes the following steps:
  • Step 1) Start the injection molding machine 100, and inject various colors of molten material of the same or different materials into the multiple injection plasticizing barrels of the injection molding machine according to the required color of the injection molded part;
  • Step 2) control the corresponding injection unit connected with the injection plasticizing barrel by the control system, and control the injection volume of each injection unit;
  • Step 3 In the mold cavity, according to the preset structure of the multi-color injection part, an isolation body with an isolation groove is arranged;
  • Step 4) Controlling the injection temperature of the injection unit through the control system and injecting the injection of the same or different materials with color into the cavity with the spacer or with the skeleton edge correction piece;
  • Step 5 The feeding temperature and feeding time of each material inside the cavity are controlled by the control system, and after the cooling is completed, the secondary molding of the same or different materials of each color injection is realized; during the secondary molding process, there is an isolation groove 71
  • the height of the separator 72 forming the isolation groove is equal to the height of the injection molded part, and the injection materials of different colors are not separated from each other.
  • the injection unit is controlled by the control system to first inject the basic color injection material into the cavity; After the color injection material is cooled to the molding temperature, inject different color injection materials into the isolation tank respectively, control the molding temperature of each color injection material, and make each color injection material merge with the basic color injection material to form a secondary molding multi-color injection material.
  • plastic parts
  • Step 6 Open the mold to obtain a multi-color injection molded part.
  • the number of grooves of the isolation groove 71 is set according to the different colors that need to be set. For example, if seven colors are set, it needs to be set on the isolation groove.
  • the partitions form a basic color injection channel 73 that communicates with the cavity. Before injection molding, the spacer is arranged inside the mold cavity, and then the basic color injection material is injected into the mold cavity, and the basic color injection material enters the mold cavity and the inside of the basic color injection material channel 73 to form the basic color injection body 101.
  • a thin-walled fusion body formed integrally with the basic color injection will be formed at the injection troughs of different colors. It is possible to rapidly form multi-color injection parts, and the injection materials of various colors can not only be integrated with each other, but also ensure no Halo color, clear demarcation, good shape effect. Since the secondary injection molding process is realized by the separator, this process needs to determine a basic color first, that is, the overall color of the part. As shown in Figure 16, in this embodiment, the secondary molding bottle is used.
  • the cap body with the threaded ring of the bottle cap is determined to be the basic color, and the top of the cap is selected to be injection-molded into a multi-color structure, so that an isolator 7 is made in advance.
  • Six isolation grooves 71 are provided, and partitions 72 are arranged between the isolation grooves 71.
  • the height of the partitions 72 is the same as the height of the injection molded parts.
  • the partitions 72 form basic color injection material channels 73 between each other.
  • the basic color injection material required for the cover body is formed by injection molding the cavity. After the cover body is formed, six thin-walled fusion bodies formed by the basic color injection material will be formed on the cover body.
  • the injection molded body 1 is a one-time injection molded part, and the injection molded body 1 includes a plurality of color block injection bodies; the color block injection bodies are mutually A fusion line 8 is formed at the fusion.
  • the body of the injection molded part is an integrated spray gun cover, and the cover is injection-molded at one time, including a first color block 11, a second color block 12, a third color block 13, and a fourth color block 14; The first color block 11 , the second color block 12 , the third color block 13 , and the fourth color block 14 form a fusion line 8 with each other.
  • the multi-color injection molded part disclosed in this embodiment is realized by an injection molding process, which includes the following steps:
  • Step 1) Start the injection molding machine 100, and inject various colors of molten material of the same or different materials into the multiple injection plasticizing barrels of the injection molding machine according to the required color of the injection molded part;
  • Step 2) Controlling the corresponding injection unit connected to the injection plasticizing barrel through the control system, and controlling the injection amount of each injection unit;
  • Step 3 In the mold cavity, according to the preset structure of the multi-color injection part, an isolation body with an isolation groove is arranged;
  • Step 4) Controlling the injection temperature of the injection unit through the control system and injecting the injection of the same or different materials with color into the cavity with the spacer or with the skeleton edge correction piece;
  • Step 5 Control the feeding temperature and feeding time of each material inside the cavity through the control system, and realize one-time molding of the same or different materials of each color injection after cooling; , the height of the partition that forms the isolation groove is less than the height of the injection molded part, and the free fusion zone of the injection of different color areas is formed at the top of the partition. Control the injection unit to inject different colors of injection materials into the isolation groove inside the mold cavity at the same time; the injection materials of two adjacent colors are integrated in the free fusion zone to form a fusion line, and the molding temperature of each color injection material is controlled, and the injection molding is performed at one time. Multi-color injection plastic parts;
  • Step 6 Open the mold to obtain a multi-color injection molded part.
  • the injection molding body 1 is one-time injection-molded by setting the spacer 7 with the spacer 71 (see FIG. 18 ).
  • the height of the spacer 72 is smaller than the height of the injection molded parts, that is to say, a certain height of free fusion zone 74 should be left on the top of the spacer 72, where the injection materials of different colors can be fused together, and the height of the The setting is generally based on the thickness of the injection part.
  • the cover is used as an example.
  • the wall thickness of the cover is 2mm, and the height of the free fusion zone is 2mm.

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Abstract

一种多色注塑件及其注塑工艺，该多色注塑件包括注塑件本体（1），所述的注塑件本体（1）至少由一种注塑材料注塑而成，所述的注塑件本体（1）至少包含两种色彩。该多色注塑件，可以实现相同材质的多种不同色彩的注料相互融合成型，也可以实现不同材质的多种不同色彩的注料之间的相互融合成型；多色注塑件外观可以是色块拼接式注塑件，亦可为色道混合式注塑件，能使注塑件呈现有规则的图案或无规则的云纹状花色，外观色彩丰富；有效解决了现有技术中不同材质的注料不能相互融合或者是相同或不同材质的注料只能单色或者两色相互融合等问题。

Description

一种多色注塑件及其注塑工艺 技术领域
本发明涉及注塑件技术领域，尤其涉及一种多色注塑件及其注塑工艺。
背景技术
多色注塑工艺是目前全球技术最领先的注塑成型工艺，鲜艳多彩的包装让消费者感受到无限的视觉享受，对化妆品，日化包装，食品饮料类包括装及日用品包装等等将是一次革命性提升，并且使得注塑产品在防伪技术上也有非常大的突破。
相对于单一色彩的注塑件，在同一注塑件上使用两种或几种色彩，区分部件上不同的位置及不成为人们的首选，这就为注塑产品提出了更高的要求，尤其是多色注塑件更是成为目前注塑行业急需要克服的工艺技术，同一件产品使用不同的色彩，这对于注塑工艺提出了极大的挑战。为了克服一件产品多种色彩的注塑难题，目前有采用的有一次性注塑工艺和二次或多次注塑工艺，一次性注塑工艺对于注塑条件要求极高，而且最多也只能在同一件注塑件上使用二到三种色彩，而二次注塑工艺注塑的多色注塑件，虽然可以采用多种色彩，但是注塑设备和注塑工艺结构复杂，操作难度大，不利于普遍推广使用。
例如，中国专利文献(公告日：2019年12月6日，公告号：CN209738194U)公开了一种多色模具，属于模具技术领域。它解决了现有的多色模具的生产效率较低的问题。本多色模具，包括定模板以及能相对定模板转动的动模板，所述定模板上固连有至少三个固定型槽，所述动模板上连接有对应的旋转型槽，每一旋转型槽与对应的固定型槽对接形成一注塑模腔，所述旋转型槽依次连接成环状，且相邻的旋转型槽相互贴靠，所述固定型槽依次连接成环状，且相邻的固定型槽相互贴靠。本发明提高模具的紧凑性和生产效率。上述技术方案是依照注塑模腔的数目进行相应的旋转和注塑，如此即可实现多色模具的多色塑件制备。
再如，中国专利文献(公告日：2013年8月7日，公告号：CN102357983B)公开了一种高分子材料多色微积分幻彩注射成型装备，属于高分子材料成型机械领域，主要由三台注射装置及合模装置、配色装置、成型模具组成，成型模具安装在合模装置的动模板和定模扳之间，配色装置主要由加热装置、伺服电机、联轴器、轴承、熔体分配轴、浇口套、熔体分配器与汇合喷嘴组成，熔体分配器由浇口套一、浇口套二、浇口套三、熔体分配轴、汇合喷嘴、轴承、轴承端盖、熔体分配体组成，熔体分配轴通过联轴器与伺服电机连接。通过伺服电机精确控制各浇口套的熔体进料量，可以在生产工艺过程中随意调整塑料制品的颜色，满足不同颜色制品的外观要求。该装备的原理简单容易实现，装备设计合理性好，加工制造不存在技术问题。上述技术方案，通过伺服电机精确控制各浇口套的熔体进料量，可以在生 产工艺过程中随意调整塑料制品的颜色，满足不同颜色制品的外观要求，而且可以一次性注射成型带有不同颜色条纹的塑料制品。
中国专利文献(公告日：2019年11月1日，公告号：CN108145909B)公开了多色产品瞬时成型工艺，突破传统成型的工艺形式，在冷模状态注塑成型多色产品毛坯；保持多色产品毛坯在同一模具中且未离开模腔，这样可确保多色产品毛坯与模具之间不会产生人为操作误差、不会产生间隙和空气进入，成型产品不会出现串色而需描漆和表面烧焦等低质量情况，而且避免像传统工艺需在成型之前进行抽真空操作且存在抽真空不彻底的情况发生，然后对模具快速进行加热至成型温度使多色产品成型；开模取出多色产品成品；对模具快速进行冷却至冷模状态，并重新在冷模状态注塑成型多色产品毛坯，如此进行循环瞬时冷却和加热，简洁高效顺畅高质量成型多色产品。
综上所述，上述技术方案虽然提供了多色注塑模具、多色注塑机以及注塑工艺，也在一定程度上满足了同一注塑件采用不同颜色的要求，但是现有的技术方案其解决的是同一种注料不同色彩融合的问题，对于不同的注料，不同的色彩之间既要相互融合，同时还要满足不同色彩相互之间不晕色等问题，则无法实现；更关键的是，不同的注料，不同的色彩接合处的分界线条是否符合设计要求，能否保证不出现分界线条偏移，扭曲、阶梯等问题。因此，急需要设计一款能够满足不同的注料相互之间融合，不同的色彩相互之间不晕色且分界线条符合设计预期要求的多色注塑件及其注塑工艺。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种能够实现不同色彩的注料之间不会晕色且分界清晰，成型周期短，高效的多色注塑件及其注塑工艺。该多色注塑件，可以适用于PP(聚丙稀)，HDPE(低压聚乙稀)，LLDPE(高压聚乙烯)，TPE(热塑性弹性体)，TPU(聚氨酯弹性体等多种材质进行注塑，而且不同材质之间也能够相互融合，克服了现有技术中在注塑件中只能够采用单一材质的缺陷，同时克服了不同色彩的注料之间产生晕色，分界线条不符合设计预期要求，导致多采用注塑件外观差等问题。
本发明实现其第一个发明目的所采用的技术方案是：一种多色注塑件，包括注塑件本体，所述的注塑件本体至少由一种注塑材料注塑而成，所述的注塑件本体至少包含两种色彩。该多色注塑件，是针对现有的注塑件色彩单一而进行的一种创新，特别是对于不同色彩的注料注塑成型不同色彩的多色注塑件。所述多色注塑件外观可以是色块拼接式注塑件，亦可为色道混合式注塑件，能使注塑件呈现有规则的图案或无规则的云纹状花色，外观色彩丰富。
作为优选，所述的注塑材料为聚丙稀、低压聚乙稀、高压聚乙烯、热塑性弹性体、聚 氨酯弹性体中的一种或几种。选择注塑材料时，多色注塑材料的配对材料必须满足两个基本相容条件，分别是粘合相容和加工过程相容。上述材料彼此之间具备较高的粘合相容性和加工过程相容性，能够保证不同色彩、不同材质的注塑材料在注塑后一体成型。
作为优选，所述的注塑件本体为通过注塑形成的部件，所述的注塑件本体为喷雾泵按压泵头或瓶盖或罩盖或瓶体或喷枪或泡沫泵或小喷雾泵或家电等等。本发明所公开的多色注塑件主要包括按压泵头、瓶盖等封闭注塑件，这类产品体积较小，不同色彩区域结构清晰，能够保证骨架式边线校正件的正常安设与使用。
作为优选，所述的注塑件本体为二次注塑成型件，所述的注塑件本体包括基本色注塑体和多彩注塑体；所述的基本色注塑体和多彩注塑体之间以及多彩注塑体相互之间设置有薄壁融合体。本申请的注塑件本体可以是二次注塑成型件，通过在模腔内部设置一带隔离槽的隔离体，隔离槽的槽的数量根据需要设置的不同色彩来设置，隔离槽是通过隔板来设置的，而隔板之间设置有基本色注料腔道，基本色注料腔道用于通过基本色注料形成薄壁融合体。例如设置七种颜色，则需要在隔离槽上设置七种不同色彩注料槽，在注塑前将隔离体设置在模腔内部，然后向模腔及本色注料腔道内部注入基本色注料，在基本色注料注塑过程中，不同色彩注料槽处会形成与基本色注料一体成型的薄壁融合体，待基本色注料成型后，取出隔离体，再向薄壁融合体形成的不同色彩注料槽分别注入相同材质的不同颜色的色料或者注入不同材料的不同颜色的色料，使其与基本色注塑体相互配合为一体，则能够快速成型多色注塑件，各色注料之间既能够相互融合，同时还能够保证不晕色，分界清晰，外形效果好。
作为优选，所述的薄壁融合体与基本色注塑体一体成型并且与多彩注塑体之间相互融合。
作为优选，所述的注塑件本体为一次注塑成型件，所述的注塑件本体包括多个色块注塑体；所述的色块注塑体相互融合处形成有融合线。本申请的注塑件本体也可以通过设置带隔离槽的隔离体一次性注塑成型，在通过隔离体一次注塑成型时，隔离体上的隔离槽相互之间的隔板的高度小于注塑件的高度，也就是说要在隔板的顶部留有一定高度的游离融合区，供不同色彩的注料在此处融合为一体，而该高度的设置一般以注料件的厚度为标准，即如果瓶盖的壁厚为2mm，则游离融合区的高度则为2mm，由于此高度相对于整个注塑件而言尺寸较小，因此，在融合过程中不同色彩的注料相互之间不会产生越区现象，也即不会产生晕色现象，即便是稍有偏离，在整体外观效果上并不容易体现，因此，实现了不同材质或相同材质的不同色彩的注料之间的相互融合，最后通过脱模脱隔离体，实现了一次注塑成型。
作为优选，所述的注塑件本体为一次注塑成型件，所述的注塑件本体不同色彩连接处 设置有骨架式边线校正件，所述骨架式边线校正件上设置有过孔，所述注塑件本体不同色彩连接处贯穿过孔且相互融合为一体。本申请的一次注塑成型也可以采用内置骨架式边线校正件的方式实现，当需要一次注塑成型时，则只需要在模腔内部不同色彩连接处内置骨架式边线校正件，所述骨架式边线校正件沿不同色彩分界线设置在模腔内，保证注塑工作进料结束前不同色彩的注料不会出现发生在注塑件表面的融合、混色、晕色，确保注塑件表面的不同色彩分界线平顺光滑，按照预设图案形成清晰分界线，不会出现注料沿分界线左右偏移的情况。而骨架式边线校正件上的过孔则用于其两侧的注料在未冷却前相互融合联结，确保不同色彩区域之间的接合强度达到制造要求，由于过孔设置在骨架式边线校正件远离边缘的位置，因此过孔处发生的注料交融不会影响注塑件本体的表面外观效果，注塑件本体表面在骨架式边线校正件的分隔下产生清晰的分界线。由于内置有骨架式边线校正件既能够实现多材质多色一次注塑成型注塑件本体，同时还能够增强注塑件的使用强度、作为优选，所述骨架式边线校正件的收缩率大于两侧注塑材料的收缩率。塑料材料的收缩率是指是指塑料制件在成型温度下尺寸与从模具中取出冷却至室温后尺寸之差的百分比，其参数受塑料种类、成型方式分条件的影响。在选择骨架式边线校正件的材料时，应根据两侧材料种类，通过试验得到符合上述收缩率关系的骨架式边线校正件；如受实验条件限制，亦可根据常用塑胶材料收缩率一览表选择，确保骨架式边线校正件的收缩率大于两侧注塑材料的收缩率，这种设计使得骨架式边线校正件在收到两侧熔融注料热传递后的膨胀过程中，骨架式边线校正件两端与模腔内、外壁接合，而冷却收缩过程中骨架式边线校正件两端逐渐远离模腔并进入多色注塑件中。由于冷却过程热量逐步散失，注塑件本体表面最先由液态转变为固态，因此在骨架式边线校正件逐渐收缩进入注塑件本体内部时，注塑件本体表面基本定型，不会出现混色，偏移，扭曲以及色彩分界线不按照设计图案成型的问题。当骨架式边线校正件逐步收缩，受结构应力影响，注塑件本体表面闭合成型，形成光滑且色彩分界清晰的外表面。
本发明实现其第二个发明目的所采用的技术方案是：一种多色注塑件的注塑工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤1)启动注塑成型机，根据注塑件所需要的色彩，在注塑成型机的多个注塑塑化料筒内部注入相同或不同材质的各色熔融注料；
步骤2)通过控制系统控制与注塑塑化料筒相连接通的相对应的注射单元，控制每个注射单元的注塑料量；
步骤3)在模腔中，按照多色注塑件预设结构，设置隔离槽或在不同色彩区域接合处设置骨 架式边线校正件；
步骤4)通过控制系统控制注射单元的注料温度并向带有隔离体或设有骨架式边线校正件的模腔注入带有色彩的相同或不同材质的注料；
步骤5)通过控制系统控制模腔内部每种材质的进料温度和进料时间，冷却完成后实现相同或不同材质的各色注料的二次成型或一次性成型；
步骤6)开模，得到多色注塑件。
在本发明所公开的注塑工艺中，通过设置于不同注射单元的若干注塑塑化料筒储存注塑所需的具有不同色彩的各种注料，并在模腔中按照注塑件本体的设计方案，设置带有隔离槽的隔离体或在其色彩分界线设置并固定骨架式边线校正件，能够根据需要选择采用分步进料，二次成型；还是实现同步进料，一次成型。但无论是二次成型还是一次成型，都能够实现多色相同或不同材质的注料之间的相互融合，最终形面本发明中所需要的注塑件，例如喷雾器泵头、瓶盖等所以可以通过注塑成型的小型闭合件，对于采用二次注塑成型过程中，隔离体是做为模腔的辅助件使用的，注塑成型后隔离体与注塑件本体脱模，因此，这种注料件需要根据不同的注料结构制作不同结构的隔离体，且成型后的多色注塑件有明显的薄壁融合体，使得多色注塑件色块区分更加显明。而一次注塑成型需要的骨架式边线校正件则是内置式的，该件与注塑件一体成型后内置于多色注塑件内部作为注塑料件的一部分不再取出，因此骨架式边线校正件可按照不同色彩分界线直接设置，确保不同色彩的区域在注塑进料前保持分隔。根据预设程序，控制系统控制与注塑塑化料筒相连接通的相对应的注射单元进行定量注塑，在注塑过程中监控每种注料的进料温度和进料时间，确保骨架式边线校正件两侧的注料的凝固过程可控。而骨架式边线校正件在进料过程中受热膨胀，膨胀过程中骨架式边线校正件两端与模腔接合，确保不同色彩分界线轮廓清晰，位置准确，其两侧注料通过过孔在注塑件本体内部彼此融合联结；进料完毕后开始冷却工序，注塑件本体与骨架式边线校正件共同收缩，由于骨架式边线校正件收缩率较大，因此收缩过程中骨架式边线校正件两端逐渐远离模腔并进入多色注塑件中，骨架式边线校正件端部两侧的注料接合形成完成表面，且分界线清晰准确。冷却完毕后开模得到多色注塑件，其外观效果好，色彩分界符合设计要求。
作为优选，二次成型过程中，带有隔离槽的隔离体，形成隔离槽的隔板的高度与注塑件等高，不同色彩的注料之间互不游离，通过控制系统控制注射单元首先向模腔内部注入基本色注料；待基本色注料冷却至成型温度后，再向隔离槽内部分别注入不同色彩的注料，控制各色注料的成型温度，使各色注料与基本色注料相融合，形成二次成型的多色注塑料件。由于采用的是通过隔离体来实现的二次注塑成型工艺，因此，这种工艺需要先确定一个基本 色，即部件的整体色，例如，瓶盖，在二次注塑过程中，瓶盖的带螺纹圈的周盖体先定为基本色，而盖顶部则选定为注塑成多色结构，这样事先制作一隔离体，隔离体上设置六个隔离槽，先向模腔注塑形成盖体所需要的基本色注料，待盖体成型后，此时，盖体上会形成六道薄壁融合体，然后在分别向六个隔离槽内部注塑不同色彩的相同或不同材质的注料，既可与盖体融合形成最后的瓶盖。
作为优选，一次成型过程中，带有隔离槽的隔离体，形成隔离槽的隔板的高度小于注塑件的高度，在隔板的顶度形成不同色区注料的游离融合区，不同色彩的注料在注塑过程在游离融合区相融合，通过控制系统控制注射单元向模腔内部的隔离槽内部，同时注入不同色彩的注料；相邻两种色彩的注料在游离融合区融合为一体并形成融合线，控制各色注料的成型温度，一次成型多色注塑料件。
作为优选，一次成型过程中，一次成型过程中，通过控制系统控制模腔内部每种材质的进料温度和进料时间，计算得到每种材质的注料成型温度，骨架式边线校正件在两侧注料的热传递下经历膨胀-收缩过程，冷却完成后实现相同或不同材质的各色注料一次性成型。
作为优选，所述的注射单元对应的动模和定模上设置有不同色彩成型区域，相邻色彩成型区域之间设置有防晕色的色点隔离结构。色点隔离结构由骨架式边线校正件形成，在本权利中骨架式边线校正件采用复合式结构，包括靠近注塑件本体表面的融合段和设置于融合段内侧的接合段，所述接合段上设置有用于保证其两侧注料彼此融合联结的过孔，所述融合段熔点高于两侧注料熔点。在注塑过程中，熔点更高的融合段不会在两侧注料的热传递过程中熔化，以此确保不同色彩成型区域之间不出现晕色现象，在注料完毕且融合段两侧注料填充到位后，对融合段进行局部二次加热，使得融合段及两侧注料在局部高温下同时熔化并结合，由于融合段的存在，使得两侧色彩区域不会出现晕色现象。本权利中融合段宜采用透明制件，若对注塑件本体不同色彩区域分界线轮廓有较高要求，亦可采用两侧材料中色彩较浅的一种色彩作为融合段的本色。
作为优选，所述的注射单元包括设置在定模板顶部的垂直注射单元、设置在非操作侧的至少一个背负式注射单元、设置在动模侧的主注射单元。本发明中所公开的注塑工艺采用水平/垂直/平行自由组合式注塑设备进行加工，垂直式注射从定模顶部进行注料，非操作侧的背负式注射单元与主注射单元设置于同一平面，从两个方向进行注料。所述的主注射单元采用平行注射单元方式，至少包含一个以上的注射单元。值得注意的是，每个注射单元内均有电脑控制，且彼此信号连接，通过电动伺服电机驱动系统精确控制注射料量，可根据设计要求进行多色注塑。
作为优选，所述的动模通过一转动盘带动实现工位的切换。即动模可旋转，只有定模部分会受到产品几何形状的影响，因此可以利用此技术实现单边的良好设计构思。由于该技术允许进行同步注塑，因此常用于节省加工周期的情况下。本发明中该技术主要适用于饮用杯、手把、盖子和密封件等的加工。
因此，本发明具有如下有益效果：(1)该多色注塑件，可以实现相同材质的多种不同色彩的注料相互融合成型，也可以实现不同材质的多种不同色彩的注料之间的相互融合成型；多色注塑件外观可以是色块拼接式注塑件，亦可为色道混合式注塑件，能使注塑件呈现有规则的图案或无规则的云纹状花色，外观色彩丰富；有效解决了现有技术中不同材质的注料不能相互融合或者是相同或不同材质的注料只能单色或者两色相互融合等问题；
(2)通过带有隔离槽的隔离体即可实现一次注塑成型，也可以实现二次注塑成型，而且成型后的外观无混色、晕色现象；
(3)也可以通过骨架式边线校正件一次注塑成型，骨架式边线校正件沿不同色彩分界线设置在模腔内，保证注塑工作进料结束前不同色彩的注料不会出现发生在注塑件表面的融合、混色、晕色，确保注塑件表面的不同色彩分界线平顺光滑，按照预设图案形成清晰分界线，不会出现注料沿分界线左右偏移的情况；骨架式边线校正件上的过孔用于其两侧的注料在未冷却前相互融合联结，确保不同色彩区域之间的接合强度达到制造要求；
(4)注塑工艺的冷却工序中，注塑件本体与骨架式边线校正件共同收缩，由于骨架式边线校正件收缩率较大，因此收缩过程中骨架式边线校正件两端逐渐远离模腔并进入多色注塑件中，骨架式边线校正件端部两侧的注料接合形成完成表面，且分界线清晰准确；
(5)骨架式边线校正件收缩进入注塑件本体中，且在其过孔处形成两侧注料彼此融合联结的结构，在注塑件本体成型后作为其“骨架结构”有效增加注塑件本体的整体结构刚度；
(6)有复合式骨架式边线校正件形成的色点隔离结构需要在注料完毕后对其进行二次加热，使其融合段与两侧注料融合，通过选择熔融段的色彩可确保注塑件本体一体成型且外观不会出现晕色现象。
附图说明
图1是本发明中多色注塑件的一种结构示意图；
图2是图1中多色注塑件的一种俯视图；
图3是图2中A-A剖面图；
图4是图3中X处的剖面图；
图5是本发明中骨架式边线校正件的一种主视图；
图6是本发明中骨架式边线校正件的一种剖面图；
图7是本发明中骨架式边线校正件的一种侧视图；
图8是本发明骨架式边线校正件的第二种结构示意图；
图9是本发明中骨架式边线校正件的第三种结构示意图；
图10是本发明实施例2中色点隔离结构熔融前的结构示意图；
图11是本发明实施例2中色点隔离结构熔融后的结构示意图；
图12是本发明实施例3中变截面骨架式边线校正件的主视图；
图13是图12中变截面骨架式边线校正件B-B处的剖面图；
图14是图12中变截面骨架式边线校正件C-C处的剖面图；
图15是本发明实施例4中注塑件本体的一种结构示意图；
图16是本发明实施例4中隔离体的一种结构示意图；
图17是本发明实施例5中注塑件本体的一种结构示意图；
图18是本发明实施例5中隔离体的一种结构示意图；
图19是本发明中注塑机的一种结构示意图；
图中：100、注塑成型机，1、注塑件本体，101、基本色注塑体，102、多彩注塑体，103、薄壁融合体，11、第一色块，12、第二色块，13、第三色块，14、第四色块，15、第五色块，16、第六色块，2、骨架式边线校正件，21、轮廓线，3、过孔，4、色点隔离结构，41、融合段，42、接合段，5、垂直注射单元，51、背负式注射单元，52、主注射单元，53、转动盘，6、变截面骨架式边线校正件，61、梭型部，7、隔离体，71、隔离槽，72、隔板，73、基本色注料腔道，74、游离融合区，8、融合线。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例并结合说明书附图对本发明的技术文案作进一步的详细说明。
实施例1：
在图1、2、3所示，多色注塑件，包括注塑件本体1，所述的注塑件本体1至少由一种注塑材料注塑而成，所述的注塑件本体1至少包含两种色彩。所述的注塑材料为聚丙稀、低压聚乙稀、高压聚乙烯、热塑性弹性体、聚氨酯弹性体中的一种或几种该多色注塑件，所述的注塑件本体1为通过注塑形成的部件，所述的注塑件本体为喷雾泵按压泵头或瓶盖或罩盖或瓶体或喷枪或泡沫泵或小喷雾泵或家电等等。本实施例中，注塑件本体1为喷雾泵按压泵头。本实施例所公开的多色注塑件是针对现有的注塑件色彩单一而进行的一种创新，特别是对于不同色彩的注料注塑成型不同色彩的多色注塑件。所述多色注塑件外观可以是色块拼接式注 塑件，亦可为色道混合式注塑件，能使注塑件呈现有规则的图案或无规则的云纹状花色，外观色彩丰富。选择注塑材料时，多色注塑材料的配对材料必须满足两个基本相容条件，分别是粘合相容和加工过程相容。上述材料彼此之间具备较高的粘合相容性和加工过程相容性，能够保证不同色彩、不同材质的注塑材料在注塑后一体成型。本发明所公开的多色注塑件主要包括按压泵头、瓶盖等封闭注塑件，这类产品体积较小，不同色彩区域结构清晰，能够保证骨架式边线校正件的正常安设与使用。
如图4所示，所述的注塑件本体1为一次注塑成型件，所述的注塑件本体1不同色彩连接处设置有骨架式边线校正件2。所述骨架式边线校正件2上设置有过孔3，所述注塑件本体1不同色彩连接处贯穿过孔且相互融合为一体。所述骨架式边线校正件2的收缩率大于两侧注塑材料的收缩率。如图5、6、7所示，所述骨架式边线校正件2沿不同色彩分界线设置于模腔内，保证注塑工作进料结束前不同色彩的注料不会出现发生在注塑件表面的融合、混色、晕色，确保注塑件表面的不同色彩分界线平顺光滑，按照预设图案形成清晰分界线，不会出现注料沿分界线左右偏移的情况。而骨架式边线校正件2上的过孔3则用于其两侧的注料在未冷却前相互融合联结，确保不同色彩区域之间的接合强度达到制造要求，由于过孔3设置在骨架式边线校正件2远离边缘的位置，因此过孔3处发生的注料交融不会影响注塑件本体1的表面外观效果，注塑件本体1表面在骨架式边线校正件2的分隔下产生清晰的分界线。塑料材料的收缩率是指是指塑料制件在成型温度下尺寸与从模具中取出冷却至室温后尺寸之差的百分比，其参数受塑料种类、成型方式分条件的影响。在选择骨架式边线校正件2的材料时，应根据两侧材料种类，通过试验得到符合上述收缩率关系的骨架式边线校正件2；如受实验条件限制，亦可根据常用塑胶材料收缩率一览表选择，确保骨架式边线校正件2的收缩率大于两侧注塑材料的收缩率，这种设计使得骨架式边线校正件2在受到两侧熔融注料热传递后的膨胀过程中，骨架式边线校正件2两端与模腔内、外壁接合，骨架式边线校正件2两端轮廓线均平齐于注塑件本体1表面且不会出现隔槽结构，若要满足该条件，所述骨架式边线校正件2沿注塑件本体1色块分界线法线方向的截面应该是窄-宽-窄的结构，确保其两端对注塑件本体1表面完整度的影响降至最低。如图6所示，骨架式边线校正件2截面为梭型结构；亦可如图8所示，骨架式边线校正件2截面为菱形结构；亦可如图9所示，骨架式边线校正件2截面为异菱形结构。冷却收缩过程中骨架式边线校正件2两端逐渐远离模腔并进入多色注塑件中。由于冷却过程热量逐步散失，注塑件本体1表面最先由液态转变为固态，因此在骨架式边线校正件2逐渐收缩进入注塑件本体1内部时，注塑件本体1表面基本定型，不会出现混色、偏移、扭曲以及色彩分界线不按照设计图案成型的问题。当骨架式边 线校正件2逐步收缩，受内应力影响，注塑件本体1表面闭合成型，形成光滑且色彩分界清晰的外表面。本实施例所选择的注塑材料收缩率如下，聚丙烯加工温度250～270℃，收缩率1.0～2.5％；低压聚乙烯加工温度250～270℃，收缩率1.0～2.5％；高压聚乙烯加工温度160～260℃，收缩率1.5～5.0％；高压聚乙烯加工温度260～300℃，收缩率1.5～5.0％；聚氨酯弹性体加工温度195～230℃，收缩率0.9％；本实施例中骨架式边线校正件2可根据两侧注料收缩率选取同一加工温度范围下收缩率较高的塑胶材料，如聚氟亚乙烯等，聚氟亚乙烯在加工温度250～270℃时收缩率3.0～6.0％。
如图19所示，本实施例所公开的多色注塑件通过一种注塑工艺实现，包括以下步骤：
步骤1)启动注塑成型机100，根据注塑件所需要的色彩，在注塑成型机的多个注塑塑化料筒内部注入相同或不同材质的各色熔融注料；
步骤2)通过控制系统控制与注塑塑化料筒相连接通的相对应的注射单元，控制每个注射单元的注塑料量；
步骤3)在模腔中，按照多色注塑件预设结构，在不同色彩区域接合处设置骨架式边线校正件；
步骤4)通过控制系统控制注射单元的注料温度并向模腔注入带有色彩的相同或不同材质的注料；
步骤5)通过控制系统控制模腔内部每种材质的进料温度和进料时间，冷却完成后实现相同或不同材质的各色注料的一次性成型；一次成型过程中，通过控制系统控制模腔内部每种材质的进料温度和进料时间，计算得到每种材质的注料成型温度，骨架式边线校正件在两侧注料的热传递下经历膨胀-收缩过程，冷却完成后实现相同或不同材质的各色注料一次性成型；步骤6)开模，得到多色注塑件。
在本实施例所公开的注塑工艺中，通过设置于不同注射单元的若干注塑塑化料筒储存注塑所需的具有不同色彩的各种注料，并在模腔中按照注塑件本体1的设计方案，在其色彩分界线设置并固定骨架式边线校正件2，实现同步进料，一次成型。本发明中注塑件为喷雾器泵头、瓶盖等小型闭合件，因此骨架式边线校正件2可按照不同色彩分界线直接设置，确保不同色彩的区域在注塑进料前保持分隔。根据预设程序，控制系统控制与注塑塑化料筒相连接通的相对应的注射单元进行定量注塑，在注塑过程中监控每种注料的进料温度和进料时间，确保骨架式边线校正件2两侧的注料的凝固过程可控。而骨架式边线校正件2在进料过程中受热膨胀，膨胀过程中骨架式边线校正件2两端与模腔接合，骨架式边线校正件两端轮廓线21均平齐于注塑件本体1表面，确保不同色彩分界线轮廓清晰，位置准确，其两侧注料 通过过孔3在注塑件本体1内部彼此融合联结，所述过孔3距离两端轮廓线距离相等，确保注料填充后，两侧注料的接合处始终位于注塑件本体1的中心位置，有效提高注塑件本体的均匀度和整体质量；进料完毕后开始冷却工序，注塑件本体1与骨架式边线校正件2共同收缩，由于骨架式边线校正件2收缩率较大，因此收缩过程中骨架式边线校正件2两端逐渐远离模腔并进入多色注塑件中，骨架式边线校正件2端部两侧的注料接合形成完整表面，且分界线清晰准确。冷却完毕后开模得到多色注塑件，其外观效果好，色彩分界符合设计要求。
如图19所示，所述的注射单元包括设置在定模板顶部的垂直注射单元5、设置在非操作侧的至少一个背负式注射单元51、设置在动模侧的主注射单元52。所述的动模通过一转动盘53带动实现工位的切换。本发明中所公开的注塑工艺采用水平/垂直/平行自由组合式注塑设备进行加工，垂直式注射从定模顶部进行注料，非操作侧的背负式注射单元与主注射单元设置于同一平面，从两个方向进行注料。所述的主注射单元采用平行注射单元方式，至少包含一个以上的注射单元。值得注意的是，每个注射单元内均有电脑控制，且彼此信号连接，通过电动伺服电机驱动系统精确控制注射料量，可根据设计要求进行多色注塑。本实施例中的注塑设备动模可旋转，只有定模部分会受到产品几何形状的影响，因此可以利用此技术实现单边的良好设计构思。由于该技术允许进行同步注塑，因此常用于节省加工周期的情况下。本发明中该技术主要适用于饮用杯、手把、盖子和密封件等的加工。本实施例中，如图1、2、3所示，注塑件本体1为喷雾泵按压泵头，包括第一色块11(泵头的下部连接体)、第二色块12(压盖)、第三色块13(泵头右部)和第四色块14(泵头左部)。所述各个色块之间均设置有骨架式边线校正件。
实施例2：
如图10所示，与实施例1不同的是，本实施例中的注射单元对应的动模和定模上设置有不同色彩成型区域，相邻色彩成型区域之间设置有防晕色的色点隔离结构4。色点隔离结构由骨架式边线校正件形成，在实施例中骨架式边线校正件采用复合式结构，包括靠近注塑件本体1表面的融合段41和设置于融合段内侧的接合段42，所述接合段上设置有用于保证其两侧注料彼此融合联结的过孔3，所述融合段熔点高于两侧注料熔点。在注塑过程中，熔点更高的融合段不会在两侧注料的热传递过程中熔化，以此确保不同色彩成型区域之间不出现晕色现象。如图11所示，在注料完毕且融合段两侧注料填充到位后，对融合段进行局部二次加热，使得融合段及两侧注料在局部高温下同时熔化并结合，由于融合段的存在，使得两侧色彩区域不会出现晕色现象。若融合段位置未完全收缩进入注塑件本体内部，可通过局部抛光将融合段凸出注塑件本体表面的多余部分去除。本实施例中融合段宜采用透明制件，若对注塑件 本体不同色彩区域分界线轮廓有较高要求，亦可采用两侧材料中色彩较浅的一种色彩作为融合段的本色。本实施例中，融合段与接合段采用不同材料制成，且两者的材料选择需要根据其分隔的两种注料材料进行选择，接合段收缩率大于两侧注料收缩率，融合段熔点高于两侧注料收缩率。
实施例3：
如图12、13、14所示，与实施例1不同的是，本实施例中，骨架式边线校正件沿长度方向且其沿色彩分界线法线方向的横截面为变截面结构，即变截面骨架式边线校正件为具备波浪式流线型轮廓的条形构件，骨架式边线校正件包括若干梭型部61首尾相接，所述梭型部接合处设置有过孔3，过孔3用于骨架式边线校正件2两侧注料彼此融合联结，值得注意的是，所述设置于变截面骨架式边线校正件6沿色彩分界线法线方向的横截面的中部，从侧面看，过孔位置随骨架式边线校正件轮廓线变化，但始终距两侧轮廓线距离相等。这种变截面骨架式边线校正件配合中部过孔的设置可有效避免实施例1中截面一定的骨架式边线校正件过孔内气泡的存在，本实施例中变截面骨架式边线校正件设置于模腔后，在注料过程中，变截面骨架式边线校正件两侧的注料从注口进入，在注料接触变截面骨架式边线校正件表面后，注料可顺畅且贴合的沿其外表面的流线型结构流动，使得注料沿变截面骨架式边线校正件长度方向流动，且在流线型作用下顺利将气体排出。而设置在梭型部连接处的过孔由于其所在截面为变截面骨架式边线校正件的最窄截面，因此不具备气体留存的空间，这使得注料完成后注塑件本体内部不会留存气泡，杜绝了注塑件本体内部气泡运动至注塑件表面造成外观缺陷的问题。有效提升注塑件本体均匀度和表面气泡数量，进而提升注塑件本体的整体质量。
实施例4：
在图15、图16所示的本实施例中，所述的注塑件本体1为二次注塑成型件，所述的注塑件本体1包括基本色注塑体101和多彩注塑体102；所述的基本色注塑体101和多彩注塑体102之间以及多彩注塑体102相互之间设置有薄壁融合体103。所述的薄壁融合体103与基本色注塑体101一体成型并且与多彩注塑体102之间相互融合。多彩注塑体102包括有六个不同颜色的色块，即第一色块11、第二色块12、第三色块13、第四色块14、第五色块15和第六色块16，每一色块分别与基本色注塑体融合为一体。
本实施例所公开的多色注塑件通过一种注塑工艺实现，包括以下步骤：
步骤1)启动注塑成型机100，根据注塑件所需要的色彩，在注塑成型机的多个注塑塑化料筒内部注入相同或不同材质的各色熔融注料；
步骤2)通过控制系统控制与注塑塑化料筒相连接通的相对应的注射单元，控制每个注射单 元的注塑料量；
步骤3)在模腔中，按照多色注塑件预设结构，设置带有隔离槽的隔离体；
步骤4)通过控制系统控制注射单元的注料温度并向带有隔离体或设有骨架式边线校正件的模腔注入带有色彩的相同或不同材质的注料；
步骤5)通过控制系统控制模腔内部每种材质的进料温度和进料时间，冷却完成后实现相同或不同材质的各色注料的二次成型；二次成型过程中，带有隔离槽71的隔离体7，形成隔离槽的隔板72的高度与注塑件等高，不同色彩的注料之间互不游离，通过控制系统控制注射单元首先向模腔内部注入基本色注料；待基本色注料冷却至成型温度后，再向隔离槽内部分别注入不同色彩的注料，控制各色注料的成型温度，使各色注料与基本色注料相融合，形成二次成型的多色注塑料件；
步骤6)开模，得到多色注塑件。
通过在模腔内部设置一带隔离槽71的隔离体7(见图16)，隔离槽71的槽的槽数根据需要设置的不同色彩来设置，例如设置七种颜色，则需要在隔离槽上设置七种不同色彩注料槽，而色块隔离槽之间通过隔板72隔开，而隔板为双层结构，隔板相互之间形成与模腔连通的基本色注料腔道73，在注塑前将隔离体设置在模腔内部，然后向模腔内部注入基本色注料，基本色注料进入模腔和基本色注料腔道73内部，形成基本色注塑体101，在基本色注料注塑过程中，不同色彩注料槽处会形成与基本色注料一体成型的薄壁融合体，待基本色注料成型后，再向七种不同色彩注料槽分别注入相同材质的不同颜色的色料或者注入不同材料的不同颜色的色料，使其与基本色注塑体相互配合为一体，则能够快速成型多色注塑件，各色注料之间既能够相互融合，同时还能够保证不晕色，分界清晰，外形效果好。由于采用的是通过隔离体来实现的二次注塑成型工艺，因此，这种工艺需要先确定一个基本色，即部件的整体色，如图16所示，本实施例中，以二次成型瓶盖为例，在二次注塑过程中，瓶盖的带螺纹圈的盖体确定为基本色，而盖顶部则选定为注塑成多色结构，这样事先制作一隔离体7，隔离体7上设置六个隔离槽71，隔离槽71相互之间设置有隔板72，隔板72的高度与注塑件的高度等高，隔板72相互之间形成基本色注料腔道73，先向模腔注塑形成盖体所需要的基本色注料，待盖体成型后，此时，盖体上会形成六道由基本色注料成型的薄壁融合体，然后取出隔离体，再分别向六个隔离槽内部注塑六种同色彩的相同或不同材质的注料，既可在盖体上形成与盖体融合的六种色块，即第一色块11、第二色块12、第三色块13、第四色块14、第五色块15和第六色块16，最终形成一种多色瓶盖(见图15)。
实施例5：
在图17、图18所示的本实施例中，所述的注塑件本体1为一次注塑成型件，所述的注塑件本体1包括多个色块注塑体；所述的色块注塑体相互融合处形成有融合线8。本实施例中，注塑件本体为一一体式喷雾枪罩壳，罩壳一次注塑成型，包括第一色块11、第二色块12、第三色块13、第四色块14；第一色块11、第二色块12、第三色块13、第四色块14相互之间形成有融合线8。
本实施例所公开的多色注塑件通过一种注塑工艺实现，包括以下步骤：
步骤1)启动注塑成型机100，根据注塑件所需要的色彩，在注塑成型机的多个注塑塑化料筒内部注入相同或不同材质的各色熔融注料；
步骤2)通过控制系统控制与注塑塑化料筒相连接通的相对应的注射单元，控制每个注射单元的注塑料量；
步骤3)在模腔中，按照多色注塑件预设结构，设置带有隔离槽的隔离体；
步骤4)通过控制系统控制注射单元的注料温度并向带有隔离体或设有骨架式边线校正件的模腔注入带有色彩的相同或不同材质的注料；
步骤5)通过控制系统控制模腔内部每种材质的进料温度和进料时间，冷却完成后实现相同或不同材质的各色注料的一次成型；一次成型过程中，带有隔离槽的隔离体，形成隔离槽的隔板的高度小于注塑件的高度，在隔板的顶度形成不同色区注料的游离融合区，不同色彩的注料在注塑过程在游离融合区相融合，通过控制系统控制注射单元向模腔内部的隔离槽内部，同时注入不同色彩的注料；相邻两种色彩的注料在游离融合区融合为一体并形成融合线，控制各色注料的成型温度，一次成型多色注塑料件；
步骤6)开模，得到多色注塑件。
该实施例中，注塑件本体1是通过设置带隔离槽71的隔离体7(见图18)一次性注塑成型，在通过隔离体7一次注塑成型时，隔离体7上的隔离槽71相互之间的隔板72的高度小于注塑件的高度，也就是说要在隔板72的顶部留有一定高度的游离融合区74，供不同色彩的注料在此处融合为一体，而该高度的设置一般以注料件的厚度为标准，本实施例中以罩盖为例，罩盖的壁厚为2mm，则游离融合区的高度则为2mm，由于此高度相对于整个注塑件而言尺寸较小，因此，在融合过程中不同色彩的注料相互之间不会产生越区现象，也即不会产生晕色现象，即便是稍有偏离，在整体外观效果上并不容易体现，因此，实现了不同材质或相同材质的不同色彩的注料之间的相互融合，最后通过脱模脱隔离体，实现了一次注塑成型。
本领域普通技术人员在基于上述实施例说明的情况下将能够实现本发明。此外，上述 实施例只是本发明的实施例通常仅是本发明一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。因此，基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他技术文案及实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种多色注塑件，包括注塑件本体(1)，其特征在于：所述的注塑件本体(1)至少由一种注塑材料注塑而成，所述的注塑件本体(1)至少包含两种色彩。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多色注塑件，其特征在于：所述的注塑材料为聚丙稀、低压聚乙稀、高压聚乙烯、热塑性弹性体、聚氨酯弹性体中的一种或几种。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种多色注塑件，其特征在于：所述的注塑件本体(1)为二次注塑成型件，所述的注塑件本体(1)包括基本色注塑体(101)和多彩注塑体(102)；所述的基本色注塑体和多彩注塑体之间以及多彩注塑体相互之间设置有薄壁融合体(103)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种多色注塑件，其特征在于：所述的薄壁融合体(103)与基本色注塑体(101)一体成型并且与多彩注塑体(102)之间相互融合。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多色注塑件，其特征在于：所述的注塑件本体(1)为一次注塑成型件，所述的注塑件本体(1)包括多个色块注塑体；所述的色块注塑体相互融合处形成有融合线(8)。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种多色注塑件，其特征在于：所述的注塑件本体(1)为一次注塑成型件，所述的注塑件本体(1)内沿不同色彩分界线设置有骨架式边线校正件(2)，所述骨架式边线校正件(2)上设置有过孔(3)，所述注塑件本体(1)不同色彩连接处贯穿过孔(3)且相互融合为一体。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种多色注塑件，其特征在于：所述骨架式边线校正件(1)的收缩率大于两侧注塑材料的收缩率；所述骨架式边线校正件(2)沿注塑件本体(1)不同色彩连接处分界线设置，所述骨架式边线校正件(2)沿色彩分界线法线方向的横截面呈中部宽两端窄的结构。
  8. 一种多色注塑件的注塑工艺，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
    步骤1)启动注塑成型机，根据注塑件所需要的色彩，在注塑成型机的多个注塑塑化料筒内部注入相同或不同材质的各色熔融注料；
    步骤2)通过控制系统控制与注塑塑化料筒相连接通的相对应的注射单元，控制每个注射单元的注塑料量；
    步骤3)在模腔中，按照多色注塑件预设结构，设置带有隔离槽的隔离体或在不同色彩区域接合处设置骨架式边线校正件；
    步骤4)通过控制系统控制注射单元的注料温度并向设有隔离体或设有骨架式边线校正件的模腔注入带有色彩的相同或不同材质的注料；
    步骤5)通过控制系统控制模腔内部每种材质的进料温度和进料时间，冷却完成后实现相同 或不同材质的各色注料的二次成型或一次性成型；
    步骤6)开模，得到多色注塑件。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种多色注塑件的注塑工艺，其特征在于：二次成型过程中，带有隔离槽的隔离体，形成隔离槽的隔板的高度与注塑件等高，不同色彩的注料之间互不游离，通过控制系统控制注射单元首先向模腔内部注入基本色注料；待基本色注料冷却至成型温度后，再向隔离槽内部分别注入不同色彩的注料，控制各色注料的成型温度，使各色注料与基本色注料相融合，形成二次成型的多色注塑料件。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的一种多色注塑件的注塑工艺，其特征在于：一次成型过程中，带有隔离槽的隔离体，形成隔离槽的隔板的高度小于注塑件的高度，在隔离板的顶部形成不同色区注料的游离融合区，不同色彩的注料在注塑过程在游离融合区相融合，通过控制系统控制注射单元向模腔内部的隔离槽内部，同时注入不同色彩的注料；相邻两种色彩的注料在游离融合区融合为一体并形成融合线，控制各色注料的成型温度，一次成型多色注塑料件。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的一种多色注塑件的注塑工艺，其特征在于：一次成型过程中，通过控制系统控制模腔内部每种材质的进料温度和进料时间，计算得到每种材质的注料成型温度，骨架式边线校正件在两侧注料的热传递下经历膨胀-收缩过程，冷却完成后实现相同或不同材质的各色注料一次性成型。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的一种多色注塑件的注塑工艺，其特征在于：所述的注射单元对应的动模和定模上设置有不同色彩成型区域，相邻色彩成型区域之间设置有防晕色的色点隔离结构；所述的注射单元包括设置在定模板顶部的垂直注射单元、设置在非操作侧的至少一个背负式注射单元、设置在动模侧的主注射单元；所述的动模通过一转动盘带动实现工位的切换。
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