WO2022078081A1 - 一种三明治结构的木浆/涤纶复合擦拭材料 - Google Patents

一种三明治结构的木浆/涤纶复合擦拭材料 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022078081A1
WO2022078081A1 PCT/CN2021/114920 CN2021114920W WO2022078081A1 WO 2022078081 A1 WO2022078081 A1 WO 2022078081A1 CN 2021114920 W CN2021114920 W CN 2021114920W WO 2022078081 A1 WO2022078081 A1 WO 2022078081A1
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Prior art keywords
wood pulp
spunlace
composite
wiping material
polysaccharide
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PCT/CN2021/114920
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王玉萍
朱宏伟
王新标
许国良
乔国华
李萌
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浙江王金非织造布有限公司
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Publication of WO2022078081A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022078081A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/78—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products
    • D01F6/84—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products from copolyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/13—Alginic acid or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of non-woven wiping materials, in particular to a wood pulp/polyester composite wiping material with a sandwich structure.
  • wiping materials can not only save time for people, clean things quickly, but also Give people a cleaner space.
  • the demand is particularly urgent.
  • Wiping materials are closely related to people's lives, and there are many types. According to the structural characteristics of wiping materials, they can be roughly divided into the following categories: Paper is generally made of wood pulp with good hygroscopicity. The strength is very weak), poor tear resistance, no wear resistance and easy chip removal, thus greatly limiting the application field of this wiping material.
  • the fabric wiping material has a relatively compact structure, high strength and good durability, but the wiping effect of the fabric wiping material must be ideal under the condition of water, and the dirt holding capacity is low.
  • wiping cloths made of ordinary man-made fiber filaments by hot rolling. The cloth surface has thick fibers, low softness, low wiping efficiency, and is prone to dust, hair loss, and scratches on the surface of objects.
  • the dry-wiping non-woven materials on the market have a hard hand and are easy to desquamate.
  • wiping cloths produced with microfiber the excellent cleaning effect and soft texture brought by microfiber are usually used as wiping materials for high-end glasses, optical glass instruments and precision instruments.
  • its output is limited and the price is too expensive, far from meeting the needs of ordinary consumption. Therefore, it is of practical significance to develop wiping materials with low cost and good wear resistance.
  • Patent CN102227527A designs a wiping material that uses natural plant fibers instead of synthetic fibers, combines with each other to form a three-dimensional non-woven material at a certain temperature, and forms a scrubbing material after curing, with a large surface friction coefficient, excellent wiping effect, and relatively Environmental friendly.
  • the cleaning cloth invented by the US patent US2013269134 includes a surface cloth layer and a foam layer. The cloth layer is used to absorb liquid, and the foam material layer is arranged on the opposite side of the cloth layer. The cleaning performance and durability of the inventive wiping cloth are excellent, and it is environmentally friendly.
  • non-woven wiping materials there are mainly spunlace and needle punching methods.
  • the spunlace reinforcement process is not suitable for chemical treatment agents due to its strong applicability, and its low price is welcomed by the market.
  • the wiping material obtained by the spunlace method has large gaps between the fibers, which can accommodate more dust and dirt, and improve the performance and use effect of the wiping material.
  • this relatively loose structure will also lead to insufficient mechanical properties of the wiping material, and it is easy to break and delaminate in a wet state.
  • Patent CN104389109A discloses a composite spunlace non-woven fabric as a wiping material, including a wiping layer and a non-wiping layer, the non-wiping layer is polyester fiber, the wiping layer is wood pulp paper material, and the wiping layer and the non-wiping layer are compounded by spunlace.
  • the wiping material of this two-layer laminated structure is still insufficient in terms of strength, moisture absorption and breathability, softness and comfort.
  • the present invention develops a composite wiping material with a sandwich structure, which uses wood pulp and polyester fibers as raw materials, and sandwiches the wood pulp fiber net between two layers of chemical polyester fiber nets.
  • Spunlace is consolidated to form a "sandwich" structure.
  • wood pulp and fiber web spunlace composite its products have high strength, moisture absorption and breathability, moisture resistance, good dimensional stability, soft hand feel, no adhesives and chemical additives, and low price of wood pulp, wood pulp /
  • the production cost of polyester spunlace products is much lower than that of traditional polyester/viscose spunlace products, and the wood pulp fibers can be evenly and effectively distributed in the chemical fiber web, while the basic properties of the product remain unchanged.
  • the pearl pattern wet wiping material is obtained by using a specific spunlace reinforcement process, and the loose pores between the fibers in the fiber web and the pearl pattern three-dimensional structure can accommodate more dust.
  • the present invention provides a wood pulp/polyester fiber composite wiping material with a sandwich structure.
  • the polysaccharide-modified wood pulp fiber is the middle layer, and the polyester fiber is the outer layer. It is then reinforced by spunlace.
  • Polyester fiber has good wear resistance and high strength, and can be used as the skeleton material of the wiping cloth to enhance its mechanical strength; wood pulp fiber has good water absorption performance, which can solve the disadvantage of poor water absorption performance of the wiping cloth.
  • hydrophilic and hydrophobic fibers due to the difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic fibers, the compatibility of wood pulp fibers and polyester fibers is not good.
  • the hydrogen bonds between cellulose molecules in the wet state, the hydrogen bonds between fibers are blocked. The bonding of water and fibers is replaced, and the wood pulp fibers are very short. Even if they are reinforced under spunlace conditions, the entanglement and cohesion of the fiber web are insufficient. Phenomenon.
  • the present invention uses polysaccharide-modified wood pulp fibers.
  • the polysaccharide-modified wood pulp fiber is obtained after the wood pulp fiber is impregnated with an acetic acid solution of polysaccharide and then dried.
  • the polysaccharide is selected from chitosan and/or alginic acid, the concentration of chitosan is 1-5wt%, and/or the concentration of alginic acid is 0.5-2wt%, and/or the concentration of acetic acid is 5-10wt%; impregnation The time is 3-5h.
  • the polysaccharide is a compound of chitosan and alginic acid.
  • the concentration of chitosan is 2-4 wt %, and the concentration of alginic acid is 0.5-1 wt %.
  • a small amount of carboxyl activator such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) is also added to the acetic acid solution. .
  • the added amount of the carboxyl activator is 0.1-0.3 wt% of the alginic acid.
  • Both chitosan and alginic acid are polysaccharides, and the molecular chain contains abundant functional groups, such as hydroxyl, amino and carboxyl groups.
  • the polysaccharide-modified wood pulp fibers have more abundant groups, and the water absorption and liquid holding rate are further improved; network, while the bonding between different groups further enhances the affinity of different fiber layers.
  • the inventor also unexpectedly found that in the modification process of wood pulp fibers, chitosan and alginic acid can play a synergistic effect, which can greatly improve the water absorption of the wiping material while improving the water absorption of the wiping material obtained. The strength in the wet state will not easily break, delaminate and other phenomena during use.
  • the possible reason is that the carboxyl groups on chitosan and the carboxyl groups on alginic acid are bonded.
  • a large number of hydroxyl groups on chitosan and alginic acid can improve the water absorption of the wiping material, the interpenetration of the polymer network and the formation of chemical bonds. the strength of the material.
  • the raw materials of the polyester fibers include terephthalic acid, butanediol, and polyols.
  • the polyol is at least one of glycerol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, trimethylolpropane and dipentaerythritol.
  • the preparation of the polyester fiber includes the following steps: terephthalic acid, butanediol, and polyol are prepolymerized and polycondensed to obtain polyester; polyester and polyethylene glycol are melt-extruded and granulated to obtain master batches ;
  • the hydrophobically modified polyester fiber is prepared by melt spinning, cooling, drawing and winding.
  • the molar ratio of terephthalic acid, butanediol, and polyol is 100:80-90:5-10.
  • reaction conditions of the prepolymerization stage are that the temperature is 230-250°C, the pressure is -0.05 to -0.1MPa, and the prepolymerization time is 0.5-1h; the reaction conditions of the polycondensation stage are adding a polycondensation catalyst, the temperature is 260-275°C, the vacuum Degree of 0.01-0.05Mpa, polycondensation time 3-5h.
  • the polycondensation catalyst is Sb 2 O 3 , and the dosage is 0.5-1 wt % of the total mass of the initial monomers (terephthalic acid, butanediol and polyol).
  • the viscosity average molecular weight of the obtained polyester is 2 ⁇ 10 5 to 3 ⁇ 10 5 g/mol.
  • the mass ratio of polyester chips and polyethylene glycol is 100:5-10, and the number average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 400-600.
  • the temperature of the melt extrusion granulation is 190-230°C.
  • a twin-screw extruder is used, and the temperature parameters of each zone are: 190°C in the first zone, 200°C in the second zone, 210°C in the third zone, 220°C in the fourth zone, 230°C in the fifth zone, and 220°C in the sixth zone.
  • auxiliary agents such as lubricants, antibacterial agents, and antioxidants, can also be added during extrusion granulation.
  • each auxiliary agent is well known in the art.
  • the lubricant is selected from pentaerythritol stearate and polyvinylpyrrolidone;
  • the antibacterial agent is selected from nano silver and quaternary ammonium salt;
  • the Antioxidants are selected from BHT1010 and 2246; the addition amount of various additives is 0.1-3% of the polyester quality.
  • Melt spinning process is spinning temperature 295-310°C, setting temperature 140-160°C, POY spinning speed: 2600-3000m/min, POY drafting ratio 1.5-2 times, FDY spinning speed 4200-4600m/min , FDY draft ratio is 3-3.5 times, winding speed is 3000-3300r/min.
  • the polyester fiber has a density of 15-30 g/m 2 behind the web, preferably 15-20 g/m 2 .
  • too high areal density will affect the formation of wood pulp fibers; too small areal density will cause spunlace reinforcement, and a large number of wood pulp fibers will be washed away by high-pressure water.
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of the wood pulp/polyester fiber composite wiping material of the sandwich structure, comprising the following steps:
  • polyester fiber After the polyester fiber is combed into a web, it is pre-spunlaced as a base material;
  • step (2) using the base material obtained in step (1) as a bottom layer, laying a polysaccharide-modified wood pulp fiber web on the bottom layer base material, and performing spunlace reinforcement to obtain a two-layer composite material;
  • step (3) re-laying the base material obtained in step (1) on the wood pulp fiber web layer of the wood pulp fiber web of the two-layer composite material obtained in step (2), and spunlace reinforcement;
  • the wood pulp fiber web is obtained by an air-laid method, and the areal density of the obtained wood pulp fiber web is controlled to be 30-40 g/m 2 .
  • the direction of the water needle in step (2) is bottom-up, and the direction of the water needle in step (3) is top-down.
  • step (4) the directions of the water needles are performed in an alternating top-to-bottom/bottom-to-top sequence.
  • the principle of spunlace reinforcement is the impact of fibers on the water needle, and the high-speed moving water flow makes the fibers enter the interior of other fibers irregularly, resulting in entanglement and cohesion. At the same time, after the water flow passes through the fibers, the impact is reflected to the surrounding at a certain angle, forming a reverse impact on the fibers, further promoting the cohesion between the fibers.
  • the jetting direction of the water needle is to first pass through the web formed by the polyester fiber, which is blocked, which weakens the effect of water on the wood pulp fiber web and the other layer of the polyester fiber web, and the cohesion effect will be worse.
  • the present invention adopts the alternating sequence of top-down/bottom-up water needles for spunlace reinforcement, which can make up for the above-mentioned defects to a certain extent.
  • the water pressure of the pre-spunlace treatment in step (1) is 2.0-3.0MPa; the water pressure of the spunlace treatment in step (2) and step (3) is 4.0-5.5MPa; in step (4) 2-
  • the water pressure is gradually increased and then decreased, and the increase range is 0.5-1.5MPa each time, the highest is 7.0-8.5MPa, and the last spunlace water pressure is 5.0-6.0MPa.
  • the pressure of spunlace should not be too large, otherwise it will lead to a large loss of wood pulp fibers.
  • the pressure on the filter system will be too large, and on the other hand, there will be waste of fiber raw materials; the spunlace pressure should not be too small, otherwise it will not be fully entangled , the strength of the wiping material is insufficient.
  • the action distance of the spunlace reinforced water needle is 10-20mm, preferably 15-20mm; the speed of the net conveying shutter is 50-100m/s, preferably 70-90m/s.
  • the one-way water-conducting mask substrate provided by the present invention has achieved the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention adopts a sandwich structure, namely polyester fiber-wood pulp fiber-polyester fiber, to prepare a three-layer composite wiping material, which combines the advantages of polyester fiber and wood pulp fiber to obtain a composite wiping material with excellent comprehensive performance. Material.
  • the wood pulp fiber is treated with polysaccharide modification, so that the functional group density of the wood pulp fiber is higher and the functional group is more abundant. While maintaining high water absorption, the strength of the composite wiping material, especially in the wet state, is significantly improved.
  • the obtained composite wiping material has excellent comprehensive performance, wear-resistant surface, can be wiped repeatedly for many times, large water absorption, high strength, especially It is not easy to tear and delaminate in wet state.
  • wood pulp fibers were purchased from Changshu Zhengtai Textile Co., Ltd., in which wood pulp was more than 80wt%, cotton was 10-15%, polyester and acrylic fibers were less than 5wt%, and wood pulp fiber length was 2mm; chitosan was purchased from Shandong Aokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. with a molecular weight of 70kDa and a degree of deacetylation of 75%; alginic acid was purchased from West Asia Reagent Co., Ltd. with a molecular weight of about 170,000.
  • the wood pulp fiber will be immersed in an acetic acid aqueous solution with a chitosan concentration of 3wt% and an alginic acid concentration of 1wt% (the acetic acid concentration is 7wt%), and then add DMAP with 0.2% of the alginic acid mass. have to.
  • the wood pulp fiber will be obtained by using chitosan concentration of 3wt% and acetic acid aqueous solution (acetic acid concentration of 7wt%), soaking for 5 hours under stirring conditions, and then drying.
  • the wood pulp fiber is obtained by immersing in an aqueous acetic acid solution with an alginic acid concentration of 3 wt % (acetic acid concentration of 7 wt %) under stirring conditions for 5 hours and then drying.
  • terephthalic acid, butanediol, and pentaerythritol to the reaction kettle.
  • the molar ratio of terephthalic acid, butanediol, and pentaerythritol is 100:90:8.
  • the obtained 100 parts of polyester chips and 7 parts of PEG500, 0.7 parts of nano silver, 1.3 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.8 parts of antioxidant 2246 were added to a twin-screw extruder for extrusion and granulation, and the twin-screw extruder process was:
  • the temperature parameters of each zone are: 190 °C in the first zone, 200 °C in the second zone, 210 °C in the third zone, 220 °C in the fourth zone, 230 °C in the fifth zone, 220 °C in the sixth zone, and the speed is 260r/min.
  • the obtained modified polyester masterbatch is melt-spun, cooled, drawn and wound to prepare polyester fibers.
  • the melt spinning process is spinning temperature of 300°C, setting temperature of 150°C, POY spinning speed: 2600m/min, POY drafting multiple is 2 times, FDY spinning speed is 4200m/min, FDY drafting multiple is 3 times, roll Winding speed 3000r/min.
  • step (3) Lay the base material obtained in step (1) on the wood pulp fiber web layer of the two-layer composite material obtained in step (2), carry out spunlace reinforcement, the direction of the water needle is from top to bottom, and the water pressure is 4.5 MPa;
  • the direction of the water needle for the first spunlace reinforcement is from bottom to top, and the water pressure is 5.5MPa.
  • the direction of the water needle for the second spunlace reinforcement is from top to bottom. 7.0MPa, the water needle direction of the third spunlace reinforcement is from bottom to top, the water pressure is 8.0MPa, the water needle direction of the fourth spunlace reinforcement is from top to bottom, the water pressure is 6.0MPa, and finally drying is carried out.
  • the composite wiping material is wound to obtain a sandwich.
  • the action distance of the water needle is 15mm, and the speed of the net conveying roller shutter is 80m/s.
  • step (4) is 3 spunlace reinforcement
  • the water needle direction of the first spunlace reinforcement is from bottom to top
  • the water pressure is 6.0MPa
  • the second spunlace reinforcement The direction of the water needle is from top to bottom, and the water pressure is 8.0MPa.
  • the direction of the water needle for the third spunlace reinforcement is from bottom to top, and the water pressure is 6.0MPa.
  • step (4) is 6 spunlace reinforcement
  • the water needle direction of the first spunlace reinforcement is from bottom to top
  • the water pressure is 5.0MPa
  • the second spunlace reinforcement The direction of the water needle is from top to bottom, the water pressure is 6.0MPa
  • the direction of the water needle for the third spunlace reinforcement is from bottom to top
  • the water pressure is 7.0MPa
  • the direction of the water needle for the fourth spunlace reinforcement is from the top to the top.
  • the water pressure of the fifth spunlace reinforcement is from bottom to top, and the water pressure is 7.0MPa.
  • the water needle direction of the sixth spunlace reinforcement is from bottom to top, and the water pressure is 5.5MPa.
  • step (4) Other operations and conditions are the same as in Example 6, except that in step (4), six spunlace reinforcements are performed, and the direction of the spunlace is bottom-up for each spunlace reinforcement.
  • step (2) Other operations and conditions are the same as in Example 1, except that the polysaccharide-modified wood pulp fibers used in step (2) are ordinary wood pulp fibers without polysaccharide treatment.
  • the breaking strength and elongation at break of the composite wiping material in dry and wet states were tested with a YG028-500 tensile tester.
  • the size of the mask substrate was cut to 50mm ⁇ 250mm, the clamping distance was set to 200mm, the stretching speed was 100mm/min, and the stretching experiment was carried out in a constant speed stretching method.
  • the mechanical properties test in wet state is to soak the wiping material in distilled water for 10 minutes and then take it out, and test its mechanical properties immediately. Dry and wet mask substrates were tested 10 times for each group of samples, and the data were averaged.
  • Water absorption time refers to the time required for the wiping material to absorb 70% of the maximum water absorption.
  • the water absorption capacity and water absorption time of the test material are important considerations for the wiping material.
  • the large water absorption capacity and the short water absorption time are convenient for keeping the wiped surface dry after wiping in the kitchen and other places that need to be wiped.
  • the wear resistance of the sample is tested, and the sample is cut to 150mm*150mm.
  • Abrasion resistance refers to the total number of frictions when the sample undergoes the same appearance change as specified in the comparative example.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

一种三明治结构的木浆/涤纶纤维复合擦拭材料，聚糖改性的木浆纤维为中间层，涤纶纤维为外层，三层纤维成网，复合后通过水刺加固得到，对木浆纤维用壳聚糖和/或海藻酸进行处理后，综合了涤纶纤维和木浆纤维的优势，得到了一种综合性能优异的复合擦拭材料，所得复合的擦拭材料综合性能优异，强度和吸水性都得到了明显改善，采用水刺加固方法对复合的材料进行复合，对水刺工艺参数，特别是水针的方向和压力进行了优化，所得擦拭材料表面耐磨，能够反复擦拭多次，吸水量大，强度高，特别是在湿态下不易撕裂，分层。

Description

一种三明治结构的木浆/涤纶复合擦拭材料 技术领域
本发明属于非织造擦拭材料技术领域，具体涉及一种三明治结构的木浆/涤纶复合擦拭材料。
背景技术
在过去旳几十年中，市场上擦拭布旳数量和种类不断增多，各种新产品不断被引人市场，整个擦拭布产业经历了爆炸式的增长。擦拭布的应用范围从最初的婴儿用擦拭布扩大到个人用，家用，以及商业用、产业用。其中发展速度最快的是家庭用清洁抹布。全球擦拭布市场整体不断扩张。不同地区由于自身不同的经济及技术发达程度。非织造擦拭布的数量、种类、质量以及发展不尽相同。北美是全球第一大非织造擦拭布消费市场。其生活消费用擦拭布的份额不断扩大，其中主要为个人用，家用和婴儿用这三类。西欧是第二大非织造擦拭布消费市场，其中英国是最大的消费国。亚洲是第三大非织造擦拭布消费市场。其中日本的擦拭布市场已较为成熟，我国虽仍处在发展的初期阶段，但中国的擦拭布市场正在以很快的速度成长。
随着科学技术的发展和人民生活水平的提高,人们对清洁用擦拭材料的要求也在提高,擦拭材料作为日常生活的常用品，不仅能更好地为人们节约时间，迅速清洁物品，还能给人们更加洁净的空间。而对于一些高科技的光学玻璃、高精密度的仪器设备,其需求显得尤为迫切。
擦拭材料与人们生活息息相关，其种类很多，按照擦拭材料的结构特征，大致可分为以下几类：纸类一般采用吸湿性好的木浆，通过造纸工艺制成，有强度低(特别是耐湿强度极弱)、抗撕裂效果差、不耐磨和易掉屑等不足，因而在很大程度上限制了这种擦拭材料的应用领域。织物类擦拭材料其结构较紧密、强度高、耐久性好，但织物类擦拭材料必须在有水的条件下擦拭效果才算理想，且纳污量较低。还有一些擦拭布是用一般人造纤维长丝通过热轧方式制造而成，布面纤维粗，柔软度低，擦拭效率低且易发尘、掉毛、刮伤物体表面。而市场上已有的干式擦拭非织造材料手感较硬，易脱屑。虽然也有以超细纤维为原料生产的擦拭布,超细纤维带来的优良洁净效果和柔软的质感，通常作为高档眼镜，光学玻璃仪器，精密仪器的擦拭材料。但是其产量有限,价格也过于昂 贵,远不能满足普通消费的需求。因此,开发价廉、耐磨性较好的擦拭材料具有现实意义。
专利CN102227527A设计了一种在利用天然植物纤维代替合成纤维的擦拭材料，一定温度下彼此结合形成三维非织造材料，经固化后形成擦洗材料，表面的摩擦系数较大，擦拭效果极佳，且较为环保。但是制备工艺复杂，成本较高，在大规模的工业生产还有待进一步的优化。美国专利US2013269134发明的清洁布包括表面的布料层和一个泡沫层。布料层用来吸收液体，泡沫材料层则设置在布料层的反面，布料层和部分泡沫层突出啮合，具有很好的清洁能力。该发明擦拭布的清洁性能和耐用性优良，且对环境友好。
对于非织造类的擦拭材料，现在主要有水刺，针刺的方法，其中水刺加固工艺由于适用性强，不适用化学处理剂，价格低廉收到市场欢迎。而且水刺法得到的擦拭材料，纤维间留有较大空隙，能够容纳更多灰尘的脏物，提升了擦拭材料的性能和使用效果。但是这种较为松散的结构也会导致擦拭材料的力学性能不足，在湿态下容易断裂，分层。
专利CN104389109A公开了一种复合水刺非织造布作为擦拭材料，包括擦拭层和非擦拭层，非擦拭层是涤纶纤维，擦拭层是木浆纸材料，擦拭层和非擦拭层通过水刺复合。这种两层叠合结构的擦拭材料在强度、吸湿透气、柔软舒适方面还存在不足。
发明内容
针对现有的擦拭材料的种种不足，本发明开发一种三明治结构的复合擦拭材料，以木浆粕和涤纶纤维为原料，通过将木浆纤维网夹在两层化学涤纶纤维网之间，经水刺固结,形成“三明治”式的结构形式。利用木浆与纤网水刺复合,其产品强度高、吸湿透气、受潮不变形，尺寸稳定性好，手感柔软,不使用粘合剂和化学添加剂,而且木浆粕价格低廉,木浆粕/涤纶水刺产品比传统的涤纶/粘胶水刺产品的生产成本低很多,木浆纤维可以均匀有效地分布于化学纤维网中,而产品的基本性能不变。而且利用特定的水刺加固工艺得到珍珠纹湿擦拭材料，纤网中纤维之间松散孔隙以及珍珠纹立体结构可以容纳更多的灰尘。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种三明治结构的木浆/涤纶纤维复合擦拭材料，聚糖改性的木浆纤维为中间层，涤纶纤维为外层，三层纤维梳理成网，复合后通过水刺加固得到。
涤纶纤维的耐磨性好，强力高，可以作为擦拭布的骨架材料，增强其力学强力；木浆纤维具有很好的吸水性能，能解决擦拭布吸水性能差的缺点。但是不同纤维由于亲水/疏水之间的差异，木浆纤维和涤纶纤维的相容性不好，虽然有纤维素分子 之间的氢键，但是在湿态下，纤维之间的氢键被水和纤维的键合取代，加上木浆纤维很短，即使经过水刺条件下加固，纤维网的缠结、抱合不足，在外力下，特别是在湿态下容易发生剥离，分层的现象。为改善上述现象，本发明使用聚糖改性的木浆纤维。
所述聚糖改性的木浆纤维是木浆纤维用聚糖的醋酸溶液浸渍后，干燥获得。
所述聚糖选自壳聚糖和/或海藻酸，壳聚糖浓度为1-5wt％，和/或海藻酸浓度为0.5-2wt％，和/或醋酸的浓度为5-10wt％；浸渍时间为3-5h。
优选地，所述聚糖为壳聚糖和海藻酸的复配，在聚糖的醋酸溶液中，壳聚糖浓度为2-4wt％，海藻酸浓度为0.5-1wt％。更优选地，当聚糖为壳聚糖和海藻酸的复配时，醋酸溶液中还加入少量羧基活化剂，比如4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)。羧基活化剂的加入量是海藻酸的0.1-0.3wt％。
壳聚糖和海藻酸都是多聚糖，分子链上含有丰富的官能团，羟基、氨基和羧基。聚糖改性后的木浆纤维具有更为丰富的基团，吸水性和持液率有了进一步的提高；聚糖的高分子链在水刺加固过程中一定程度上还形成了互穿的网络，同时不同基团之间的键合进一步增强了不同纤维层亲和力。发明人还预料不到地发现，在木浆纤维的改性过程中，壳聚糖和海藻酸可以发挥协同作用，在提高了擦拭材料的吸水性的同时，还能极大改善所得擦拭材料在湿态下的强度，不会轻易在使用过程中发生断裂，分层等现象。可能的原因是壳聚糖上的羧基和海藻酸上的羧基发生了键合，壳聚糖和海藻酸上大量的羟基可以提高擦拭材料的吸水性，高分子网络的互穿以及化学键的形成改善了材料的强度。
所述涤纶纤维的原料包括对苯二甲酸、丁二醇、多元醇。
发明人发现，在涤纶的制备过程中，加入少量的多元醇替代二元醇，能够增强擦拭材料的耐磨性和强度。所述多元醇为丙三醇、季戊四醇，山梨糖醇、三羟甲基丙烷、二季戊四醇中的至少一种。
进一步地，所述涤纶纤维的制备包括如下步骤：对苯二甲酸、丁二醇、多元醇经过预聚，缩聚得到聚酯；将聚酯，聚乙二醇通过熔融挤出造粒得到母粒；通过熔融纺丝，再经过冷却，牵伸卷绕制备得到疏水改性涤纶纤维。
优选地，对苯二甲酸、丁二醇、多元醇的摩尔比例为100：80-90:5-10。
进一步地，预聚阶段的反应条件是温度为230-250℃，压力为-0.05至-0.1MPa，预聚时间0.5-1h；缩聚阶段的反应条件是加入缩聚催化剂，温度260-275℃，真空度为 0.01-0.05Mpa，缩聚时间3-5h。所述缩聚催化剂为Sb 2O 3，用量为初始单体(对苯二甲酸、丁二醇和多元醇)质量总和的0.5-1wt％。
所得聚酯的粘均分子量为2×10 5至3×10 5g/mol。
聚酯切片和聚乙二醇的质量比为100：5-10，所述聚乙二醇的数均分子量为400-600。所述熔融挤出造粒的温度为190-230℃。优选地，采用双螺杆挤出机，各区温度参数为：一区190℃、二区200℃、三区210℃、四区220℃、五区230℃、六区220℃。
优选地，在挤出造粒时，还可以加入各类助剂，比如润滑剂，抗菌剂，抗氧剂。
各助剂的种类和加入量是本领域所熟知的，具体而言，所述润滑剂选自季戊四醇硬脂酸酯、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮；所述抗菌剂选自纳米银、季铵盐；所述抗氧剂选自BHT1010、2246；各类助剂的加入量是聚酯质量的0.1-3％。
熔融纺丝工艺为纺丝温度295-310℃，定型温度140-160℃，POY纺丝速度：2600-3000m/min，POY牵伸倍数1.5-2倍，FDY纺丝速度为4200-4600m/min，FDY牵伸倍数为3-3.5倍，卷绕速度3000-3300r/min。
涤纶纤维成网后面密度为15-30g/m 2，优选为15-20g/m 2。作为骨架的涤纶纤维网，面密度过大会影响木浆纤维的成网；面密度过小会造成水刺加固使大量木浆纤维被高压水流冲走。
本发明还提供了所述三明治结构的木浆/涤纶纤维复合擦拭材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)涤纶纤维梳理成网后，先预水刺处理，作为基材；
(2)在步骤(1)所得基材作为底层，在底层基材上铺设聚糖改性的木浆纤维网，进行水刺加固，得到两层的复合材料；
(3)在步骤(2)所得两层的复合材料的木浆纤维网的木浆纤维网层上再铺设步骤(1)所得基材，进行水刺加固；
(4)再进行2-6次的水刺加固，再进行烘干，卷绕，最终得到三明治结构的复合擦拭材料。
优选地，步骤(2)中木浆纤维网是通过气流成网方法得到，控制所得木浆纤维网的面密度为30-40g/m 2。
优选地，步骤(2)中水针的方向是自下而上，步骤(3)中水针的方向是自上而下。
更优选地，步骤(4)中，水针的方向依次按照自上而下/自下而上的交替的顺序进行。
水刺加固的原理是纤维在水针的冲击作用，高速运动的水流使纤维无规则地进入其他纤维的内部，发生缠结，抱合。同时水流穿过纤维后，撞击又以一定角度向四周反射，形成对纤维的反向冲击，进一步促进纤维之间的抱合。水针喷射方向是先穿过涤纶纤维所成的网，受到阻挡，减弱了水针对木浆纤维网和另一层的涤纶纤维网的作用，抱合效果会变差。本发明采用了水针方向为自上而下/自下而上的交替顺序进行水刺加固，能够一定程度上弥补上述缺陷。
优选地，步骤(1)中预水刺处理的水压为2.0-3.0MPa；步骤(2)和步骤(3)中水刺处理的水压为4.0-5.5MPa；步骤(4)中2-6次的水刺加固，水压是逐渐增加再降低，每次增加幅度为0.5-1.5MPa，最高至7.0-8.5MPa，最后一道水刺水压为5.0-6.0MPa。
水刺的压力不宜过大，否则导致木浆纤维的大量流失，一方面造成过滤系统受到的压力过大，一方面存在纤维原料的浪费；水刺压力也不宜过小，否则不能充分缠结抱合，擦拭材料的强度不足。
进一步优选地，水刺加固的水针作用距离为10-20mm，优选为15-20mm；输网卷帘速度为50-100m/s，优选为70-90m/s。
相对于现有技术，本发明提供的单向导水面膜基材取得了以下有益效果：
一、本发明采用了三明治结构，即涤纶纤维-木浆纤维-涤纶纤维，制备得到三层复合的擦拭材料，综合了涤纶纤维和木浆纤维的优势，得到了一种综合性能优异的复合擦拭材料。
二、本发明对木浆纤维进行了聚糖改性的处理，使得木浆纤维的官能团密度更大，官能团更加丰富。在保持了很高的吸水量的同时，还明显改善了复合擦拭材料的强度，特别是在湿态下的强度。
三、本发明按照特定程序，即水刺加固中水针的方向，以及水压，所得到的复合擦拭材料综合性能优异，表面耐磨，能够反复擦拭多次，吸水量大，强度高，特别是在湿态下不易撕裂，分层。
具体实施方式
以下以具体的实施例对本发明三明治结构的木浆/涤纶复合擦拭材料作进一步说明，但实施例的具体限定不应理解是对本发明保护范围的一种限制。
实施例中，木浆纤维采购自常熟正太纺织有限公司，其中木浆80wt％以上，棉 10-15％，涤纶和腈纶成分少于5wt％，木浆纤维长度2mm；壳聚糖采购自山东奥康生物科技有限公司，分子量为70kDa，脱乙酰度75％；海藻酸采购自西亚试剂有限公司，分子量约17万。
制备例1-a
木浆纤维将用壳聚糖浓度为3wt％，海藻酸浓度1wt％的醋酸水溶液(醋酸浓度为7wt％)，再加入海藻酸质量的0.2％的DMAP，在搅拌条件下浸渍5h后，干燥即得。
制备例1-b
木浆纤维将用壳聚糖浓度为3wt％，醋酸水溶液(醋酸浓度为7wt％)，在搅拌条件下浸渍5h后，干燥即得。
制备例1-c
木浆纤维将用海藻酸浓度3wt％的醋酸水溶液(醋酸浓度为7wt％)，在搅拌条件下浸渍5h后，干燥即得。
制备例2-a
在反应釜中加入对苯二甲酸、丁二醇、季戊四醇，对苯二甲酸、丁二醇、季戊四醇的摩尔比为100：90:8，先在230℃，相对压力为-0.05MPa下预聚1h；再加入单体(对苯二甲酸、丁二醇、蓖季戊四醇的总和)1wt％的缩聚催化剂Sb 2O 3，在270℃，0.01MPa缩聚5h，检测体系酸值低于10mg KOH/g，停止反应，经过滤去除杂物，经过铸带，用切粒刀将聚酯切片，测得所得聚酯粘均分子量为26800g/mol。
将所得100份聚酯切片和7份PEG500，0.7份纳米银，1.3份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮，0.8份抗氧剂2246，加入到双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，双螺杆挤出机工艺为：各区温度参数为：一区190℃、二区200℃、三区210℃、四区220℃、五区230℃、六区220℃，转速260r/min。
将所得改性聚酯母粒经过熔融纺丝，冷却，牵伸卷绕制备得到涤纶纤维。熔融纺丝工艺为纺丝温度300℃，定型温度150℃，POY纺丝速度：2600m/min，POY牵伸倍数2倍，FDY纺丝速度为4200m/min，FDY牵伸倍数为3倍，卷绕速度3000r/min。
制备例2-b
其他条件和步骤与制备例2-a相同，区别在于不加入季戊四醇。所得聚酯粘均分子量为21700g/mol。再按照相同的方法制备得到涤纶纤维。
实施例1
(1)将制备例2-a所得涤纶纤维开松，梳理成网后，控制注入量使所得涤纶纤 维网的面密度为15g/m 2，进行预水刺处理，水压为2.0MPa，所得化纤网作为基材；
(2)通过气流成网机在步骤(1)所得基材上，铺设制备例1-a所得聚糖改性的木浆纤维，使木浆纤维形成的网面密度为35g/m 2，进行水刺加固，水针的方向是自下而上，水压为4.5MPa，得到两层的复合材料；
(3)在步骤(2)所得两层的复合材料的木浆纤维网层上再铺设步骤(1)所得基材，进行水刺加固，水针的方向是自上而下，水压为4.5MPa；
(4)继续进行4道水刺加固，第一次水刺加固的水针方向是自下而上，水压5.5MPa，第二次水刺加固的水针方向是自上而下，水压7.0MPa，第三次水刺加固的水针方向是自下而上，水压8.0MPa，第四次水刺加固的水针方向是自上而下，水压6.0MPa，最后进行烘干，卷绕得到三明治的复合擦拭材料。
步骤(1)至步骤(4)的水刺工艺中，水针作用距离为15mm，输网卷帘速度为80m/s。
实施例2
其他操作和条件和实施例1相同，区别在于步骤(1)所用涤纶纤维为制备例2-b制得。
实施例3
其他操作和条件和实施例1相同，区别在于步骤(2)所用聚糖改性的木浆纤维为制备例1-b制得。
实施例4
其他操作和条件和实施例1相同，区别在于步骤(2)所用聚糖改性的木浆纤维为制备例1-c制得。
实施例5
其他操作和条件和实施例1相同，区别在于步骤(4)为3道水刺加固，第一次水刺加固的水针方向是自下而上，水压6.0MPa，第二次水刺加固的水针方向是自上而下，水压8.0MPa，第三次水刺加固的水针方向是自下而上，水压6.0MPa。
实施例6
其他操作和条件与实施例1相同，区别在于步骤(4)为6道水刺加固，第一次水刺加固的水针方向是自下而上，水压5.0MPa，第二次水刺加固的水针方向是自上而下，水压6.0MPa，第三次水刺加固的水针方向是自下而上，水压7.0MPa，第四次水刺加固的水针方向是自上而下，水压8.0MPa，第五次水刺加固的水针方向是自下而上，水压7.0MPa，第六次水刺加固的水针方向是自下而上，水压5.5MPa。
实施例7
其他操作和条件与实施例6相同，区别在于步骤(4)中，6道水刺加固，每次水刺加固，水针的方向均为自下而上。
对比例1
其他操作和条件与实施例1相同，区别在于步骤(2)所用聚糖改性的木浆纤维为普通木浆纤维，未经聚糖处理。
效果例
对本发明实施例和对比例所得复合擦拭材料进行以下性能的测试：
1. 断裂强力和断裂伸长率
参照GB/T24218.3-2010第3部分，利用YG028-500型拉伸仪测试复合擦拭材料在干态和湿态下的断裂强力和断裂伸长率。面膜基材尺寸剪裁为50mm×250mm，夹持距离设为200mm，拉伸速度100mm/min，按等速拉伸方式进行拉伸实验。
湿态下的力学性能测试是将擦拭材料在蒸馏水中浸泡10min充分水洗后取出，立刻测试其力学性能。干态和湿态的面膜基材，每组样品测试10次，数据取平均值。
2. 吸水性
参照GB/T24218.6-2010吸收性的测定，对本发明实施例擦拭的吸水性进行测试。裁剪为10cm×10cm。
吸水性以液体吸收量S(g/g)表示，S 0＝(m 1-m 0)/m 0，式中，m 1表示擦拭材料在蒸馏水中浸泡10min后取出，在金属铜网上垂直悬挂样品，静置1min沥干多余水分后面膜基材的质量，m 0表示擦拭材料在浸水前的质量，S 0表示单位质量擦拭材料能够吸收的最大水量。
吸水时间，是指擦拭材料吸收最大吸水量70％所需要的时间。
测试材料的吸水量和吸水时间是擦拭材料的重要考量指标，吸水量大，吸水时间短，才能方便在厨房等需要擦拭的地方擦拭后保持被擦拭面的干爽。
3. 耐磨性
参考GB/T 21196.2马丁代尔织物耐磨性的测定第4部分：外观变化的评定，
对试样的耐磨性进行测试，试样剪裁为150mm*150mm。
耐磨性是指试样发生规定的对比例相同外观变化时的总摩擦次数。
将测试结果列于如下表1所示：
表1
Figure PCTCN2021114920-appb-000001

Claims (10)

  1. 一种三明治结构的木浆/涤纶纤维复合擦拭材料，聚糖改性的木浆纤维为中间层，涤纶纤维为外层，三层纤维成网，复合后通过水刺加固得到。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的复合擦拭材料，其特征在于，所述聚糖改性的木浆纤维是木浆纤维用聚糖的醋酸溶液浸渍后，干燥获得；所述聚糖选自壳聚糖和/或海藻酸，壳聚糖浓度为1-5wt％，和/或海藻酸浓度为0.5-2wt％，和/或醋酸的浓度为5-10wt％；浸渍时间为3-5h；优选地，所述聚糖为壳聚糖和海藻酸的复配，在聚糖的醋酸溶液中，壳聚糖浓度为2-4wt％，海藻酸浓度为0.5-1wt％。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的复合擦拭材料，其特征在于，当聚糖为壳聚糖和海藻酸的复配时，醋酸溶液中还加入少量羧基活化剂，羧基活化剂的加入量是海藻酸的0.1-0.3wt％。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的复合擦拭材料，其特征在于，所述涤纶纤维的原料包括对苯二甲酸、丁二醇、多元醇；所述多元醇为丙三醇、季戊四醇，山梨糖醇、三羟甲基丙烷、二季戊四醇中的至少一种。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的复合擦拭材料，其特征在于，所述涤纶纤维的制备包括如下步骤：对苯二甲酸、丁二醇、多元醇经过预聚，缩聚得到聚酯；将聚酯，聚乙二醇通过熔融挤出造粒得到母粒；通过熔融纺丝，再经过冷却，牵伸卷绕制备得到疏水改性涤纶纤维。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的复合擦拭材料，其特征在于，对苯二甲酸、丁二醇、多元醇的摩尔比例为100：80-90:5-10；聚酯切片和聚乙二醇的质量比为100：5-10，所述聚乙二醇的数均分子量为400-600。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的复合擦拭材料，其特征在于，涤纶纤维成网后面密度为15-30g/m 2，优选为15-20g/m 2；木浆纤维网是通过气流成网方法得到，控制所得木浆纤维网的面密度为30-40g/m 2。
  8. 权利要求1-7任一项所述三明治结构的木浆/涤纶纤维复合擦拭材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
    (1)涤纶纤维梳理成网后，先预水刺处理，作为基材；
    (2)在步骤(1)所得基材作为底层，在底层基材上铺设聚糖改性的木浆纤维网，进行水刺加固，得到两层的复合材料；
    (3)在步骤(2)所得两层的复合材料的木浆纤维网的木浆纤维网层上再铺设步骤(1)所得基材，进行水刺加固；
    (4)再进行2-6次的水刺加固，再进行烘干，卷绕，最终得到三明治结构的复合擦拭材料。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中水针的方向是自下而上，步骤(3)中水针的方向是自上而下；和/或
    步骤(4)中，水针的方向依次按照自上而下/自下而上的交替的顺序进行；和/或
  10. 如权利要求8所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中预水刺处理的水压为2.0-3.0MPa；步骤(2)和步骤(3)中水刺处理的水压为4.0-5.5MPa；步骤(4)中2-6次的水刺加固，水压是逐增加再降低，每次增加幅度为0.5-1.5MPa，最高至7.0-8.5MPa，最后一道水刺水压为5.0-6.0MPa。
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