WO2021196268A1 - Anticorps ayant une activité neutralisante contre le coronavirus, et utilisation associée - Google Patents

Anticorps ayant une activité neutralisante contre le coronavirus, et utilisation associée Download PDF

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WO2021196268A1
WO2021196268A1 PCT/CN2020/084478 CN2020084478W WO2021196268A1 WO 2021196268 A1 WO2021196268 A1 WO 2021196268A1 CN 2020084478 W CN2020084478 W CN 2020084478W WO 2021196268 A1 WO2021196268 A1 WO 2021196268A1
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antibody
seq
protein
coronavirus
antigen
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PCT/CN2020/084478
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Chinese (zh)
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郎国竣
邵俊斌
谭永聪
姚航平
张文海
闫鑫甜
胡宇豪
孔超
周蕴华
闫闰
孙兴鲁
吴琪
姚福家
田美
韩晓刚
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三优生物医药(上海)有限公司
上海之江生物科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021196268A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021196268A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
    • C07K16/08—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from viruses
    • C07K16/10—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from viruses from RNA viruses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/569—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses
    • G01N33/56983—Viruses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/30—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by aspects of specificity or valency
    • C07K2317/31—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by aspects of specificity or valency multispecific
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
    • C07K2317/56—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments variable (Fv) region, i.e. VH and/or VL
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
    • C07K2317/56—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments variable (Fv) region, i.e. VH and/or VL
    • C07K2317/565—Complementarity determining region [CDR]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/70—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by effect upon binding to a cell or to an antigen
    • C07K2317/76—Antagonist effect on antigen, e.g. neutralization or inhibition of binding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/90—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by (pharmaco)kinetic aspects or by stability of the immunoglobulin
    • C07K2317/92—Affinity (KD), association rate (Ka), dissociation rate (Kd) or EC50 value
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/90—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by (pharmaco)kinetic aspects or by stability of the immunoglobulin
    • C07K2317/94—Stability, e.g. half-life, pH, temperature or enzyme-resistance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
    • G01N2333/005—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from viruses
    • G01N2333/08—RNA viruses
    • G01N2333/165—Coronaviridae, e.g. avian infectious bronchitis virus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2469/00—Immunoassays for the detection of microorganisms
    • G01N2469/10—Detection of antigens from microorganism in sample from host

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to antibodies and their uses. More specifically, the present invention relates to antibodies and antigen-binding fragments that specifically recognize the coronavirus spike protein, preparation methods and uses thereof.
  • coronavirus coronavirus
  • 2019novel CoV 2019-nCoV
  • the virus was originally identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019. It can be transmitted from person to person, and the patient appears to be severe Viral pneumonia and respiratory diseases. Since then, the number of cases infected with 2019-nCoV has been increasing. As of March 30, 2020, China has a total of 82,451 confirmed patients infected with the new coronavirus, of which 3311 have died. In addition, there are also nearly 640,000 confirmed patients infected with the new coronavirus in other countries. The number of cases is rising sharply, and the situation is very serious.
  • coronavirus binds to the receptor angiotensin converting enzyme II (also known as ACE2) on the host cell through the spike protein (S protein), and mediates the virus to enter the host cell (Ashour HM, etc.) Human, Insights into the Recent 2019 Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in Light of Past Human Coronavirus Outbreaks, Pathogens, March 4, 2020; 9(3).pii:E186.doi:10.3390/pathogens9030186; Roujian Lu Et al., Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding, www.thelancet.com, published online on January 29, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20) 30251-8), therefore, it is necessary in the art to develop high-affinity neutralizing antibodies that target the S protein of coronavirus and block its binding to the ACE2 receptor on host cells to effectively prevent and treat such coronaviruses
  • the present inventors have developed a set of human antibodies that specifically bind to the coronavirus S protein with high affinity and inhibit viral infectivity, thereby meeting the above-mentioned needs.
  • the antibody that specifically recognizes the S protein of coronavirus of the present invention can be used to satisfy the above-mentioned needs.
  • the antibody of the present invention has a neutralizing activity to inhibit virus infection of Vero E6 cells, and it protects 50% of cells from 100 TCID 50 attack. Degree) is less than about 0.5 nM, for example, about 0.4 nM, 0.3 nM, 0.2 nM, 0.1 nM.
  • the present invention provides an isolated antibody or antigen-binding fragment that specifically binds to the S protein of coronavirus, which comprises
  • the present invention provides an isolated antibody or antigen-binding fragment that specifically binds to the S protein of coronavirus, which comprises
  • SEQ ID NO: 8 The LCDR1 shown or the variant of LCDR1 shown in SEQ ID NO: 8 that does not exceed 2 amino acid changes, the LCDR2 shown in SEQ ID NO: 9 or the LCDR2 shown in SEQ ID NO: 9 does not exceed 2 amino acid changes
  • HCDR1 shown in SEQ ID NO: 11 or a variant with no more than 2 amino acid changes of HCDR1 shown in SEQ ID NO: 11, HCDR2 shown in SEQ ID NO: 12 or SEQ ID NO: 12 A variant of HCDR2 with no more than 2 amino acid changes, and a HCDR3 shown in SEQ ID NO: 13 or a variant of HCDR3 shown in SEQ ID NO: 13 with no more than 2 amino acid changes;
  • SEQ ID NO: 14 The LCDR1 shown or the variant of LCDR1 shown in SEQ ID NO: 14 that does not exceed 2 amino acid changes, the LCDR2 shown in SEQ ID NO: 15 or the LCDR2 shown in SEQ ID NO: 15 does not exceed 2 amino acid changes
  • the isolated antibody or antigen-binding fragment of the invention comprises
  • HCDR1 shown in SEQ ID NO: 11 HCDR2 shown in SEQ ID NO: 12 and HCDR3 shown in SEQ ID NO: 13
  • LCDR1 shown in SEQ ID NO: 14 and shown in SEQ ID NO: 15 The LCDR2 and the LCDR3 shown in SEQ ID NO: 16.
  • the isolated antibody or antigen-binding fragment of the invention comprises
  • Heavy chain variable region and light chain variable region wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 or has at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95% therewith , 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity sequence, and the light chain variable region includes the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 or has at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% identical sequences; or
  • Heavy chain variable region and light chain variable region wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 or has at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95% therewith , 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity sequence, and the light chain variable region includes the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 or has at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, Sequences that are 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identical.
  • the isolated antibodies of the invention comprise
  • SEQ ID NO: 17 or a heavy chain sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identical to it, and SEQ ID NO: 18 or a light chain sequence with at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% identity with it; or
  • SEQ ID NO: 19 or a heavy chain sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identical to it, and SEQ ID NO: 20 or a light chain sequence with at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% identity with it.
  • the isolated antibodies or antigen-binding fragments of the invention are fully human antibodies.
  • the isolated antibody or antigen-binding fragment of the invention is an IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, or IgG4 antibody; preferably, an IgG1 or IgG4 antibody; more preferably, a human IgG1 or human IgG4 antibody.
  • the antigen-binding fragments of the present invention are Fab, Fab', F(ab') 2 , Fv, single-chain Fv, single-chain Fab, diabody.
  • the present invention provides a multispecific antibody that specifically binds to the coronavirus S protein, which comprises the antibody or antigen-binding fragment described in the first aspect that specifically binds to the epitope of the coronavirus S protein.
  • the present invention provides an antibody combination comprising the antibody or antigen-binding fragment described in the first aspect that specifically binds to the first epitope of the coronavirus S protein, and/or other specific binding to the coronavirus S protein
  • the antibody or antigen-binding fragment of the second epitope, wherein the first epitope and the second epitope may be the same epitope or different epitopes.
  • the present invention provides a nucleic acid encoding the antibody or antigen-binding fragment of the above-mentioned first aspect or the multispecific antibody of the above-mentioned second aspect, a vector containing the nucleic acid (preferably, an expression vector ), a host cell containing the nucleic acid or the vector.
  • the host cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic, for example, selected from E. coli cells, yeast cells, mammalian cells or other cells suitable for preparing antibodies or antigen-binding fragments, multispecific antibodies.
  • the host cell is a 293 cell or a CHO cell.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing the antibody or antigen-binding fragment of the present invention, or the multispecific antibody of the present invention.
  • the host cell of the present invention is cultured under the condition of the nucleic acid of the multispecific antibody of the present invention, and the antibody or antigen-binding fragment of the present invention, or the multispecific antibody of the present invention is optionally recovered from the host cell or from the culture medium.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the antibody or antigen-binding fragment of the present invention, the multispecific antibody of the present invention, or the antibody combination of the present invention, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the present invention provides the use of the antibody or antigen-binding fragment of the present invention, or the multispecific antibody of the present invention, for the preparation of drugs for preventing and/or treating coronavirus infections.
  • the coronavirus is 2019-nCoV virus.
  • the present invention provides a method for preventing and/or treating coronavirus infection in a subject, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the antibody or antigen-binding fragment of the present invention, the multispecific antibody of the present invention , The antibody combination of the present invention, or the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.
  • the coronavirus is 2019-nCoV virus.
  • the antibody of the present invention and the antibody combination of the present invention can effectively block and/or inhibit coronavirus infection, and can be used for the prevention and/or treatment of coronavirus.
  • the present invention provides a kit for detecting coronavirus S protein in a sample, the kit comprising the antibody or antigen-binding fragment of the present invention, the multispecific antibody of the present invention, or the antibody combination of the present invention, with To implement the following steps:
  • the present invention provides antibodies or antibody combinations against coronavirus S protein, which have at least the following beneficial technical effects:
  • the binding of S protein to the receptor ACE2 is the first step for coronavirus to infect the host, and the S1 and S2 subunits of the S protein carry the function of binding receptors and promoting the fusion of the virus envelope and the host cell membrane.
  • the S protein is The ideal target antigen for the development of antibodies with virus-neutralizing activity.
  • S protein is a foreign protein that serves as a host (e.g., human) of coronaviruses (e.g., 2019-n CoV, SARS-CoV). Compared with the receptor protein ACE2, it is not easy to develop antibodies against S protein. There is an organized cross-reaction with subjects, and the safety is higher.
  • coronaviruses e.g., 2019-n CoV, SARS-CoV.
  • antibody drugs Compared to small molecule drugs, antibody drugs have higher specificity, lower toxic effects caused by off-target, and relatively long half-life, lower frequency of medication.
  • the antibody of the present invention is a fully human antibody, which can be clinically treated without humanization, has lower immunogenicity and better druggability.
  • antibodies against the S protein of coronavirus are obtained by screening human natural antibody libraries, in which two antibodies P16-A3 and P17-A11 are tested in vitro by ELISA As determined by the assay, the affinity for S protein is better than that of the control antibody CR3022, and can more significantly block the binding of S protein and ACE2; at the cellular level, the antibody can also significantly block S protein and Vero E6 cells.
  • the antibodies and antibody combinations of the present invention can effectively inhibit the infection of coronaviruses, and have great potential to become effective drugs for the prevention and treatment of such coronaviruses.
  • Figure 1 shows the production method and activity detection method of the fully human antibody targeting the 2019-nCoV coronavirus S protein of the present invention.
  • Figure 2A shows the binding activity of human ACE2-huFc and S protein RBD-mFc.
  • Figure 2B shows the binding activity of human ACE2-His to S protein S1-huFc (also called Spike S1-huFc) or S protein RBD-mFc (also called Spike RBD-mFc).
  • Figure 3A shows the binding ability of the output phage of the antibody to the S protein RBD-mFc in the ELISA assay in the first and second rounds of panning. It can be seen from this figure that each round has better enrichment. VSCM13 helper phage was used as a negative control.
  • Figure 3B shows the ability of the antibody to bind the S protein RBD-mFc in the ELISA assay of the phage output in the second and third rounds of panning. It can be seen from this figure that there is better enrichment in each round, and the best enrichment is 3rd-1 (that is, the No. 1 sample selected in the third round of panning).
  • Figure 4 shows the binding ability of the Fab supernatant of the candidate antibody to the S protein RBD-mFc in the ELISA assay. It can be seen from the figure that the candidate antibody P17-A11 Fab supernatant has good binding ability with S protein RBD-mFc; the candidate antibody P16-A3 Fab supernatant also has a certain binding ability with S protein RBD-mFc.
  • Figure 5 shows the ability of candidate antibodies to block the binding of S protein to ACE2 expressed on cells at the cellular level.
  • the results showed that the antibodies P16-A3 Fab and P17-A11 Fab both showed significant activity to block the binding of S protein to cells.
  • the MFI in the figure represents the average fluorescence intensity.
  • Figure 6 shows the molecular weight and purity identification results of candidate antibodies.
  • the purity of the two candidate antibodies P16-A3, P17-A11 and the control antibody CR3022 are all greater than 98%.
  • Figure 7A shows the monomer purity identification result of the candidate antibody P16-A3, and the monomer purity is greater than 98%.
  • Figure 7B shows the monomer purity identification results of the candidate antibody P17-A11, and the monomer purity is greater than 98%.
  • Figure 7C shows the monomer purity identification result of the control antibody CR3022, and its monomer purity is greater than 98%.
  • Figure 8 shows the affinity activity of candidate antibodies specifically binding to protein S based on an ELISA assay.
  • Candidate antibodies P16-A3 and P17-A11 showed excellent and significantly better than the control antibody CR3022's specific binding to S protein activity.
  • the negative antibody in the figure is an isotype human IgG1 antibody.
  • Figure 9 shows the detection of the blocking activity of candidate antibodies based on ELISA.
  • Candidate antibodies P16-A3 and P17-A11 both show excellent ability to block the binding of viral S protein to isolated ACE2 protein, while the control antibody CR3022 has no blocking activity.
  • the negative antibody in the figure is an isotype human IgG1 antibody.
  • Figure 10 shows the grouping of epitopes of candidate antibodies using the double antibody sandwich method of ELISA.
  • the results show that on the RBD domain of the 2019-nCoV coronavirus S protein, antibody P17-A11 and antibody CR3022 bind different epitopes, while antibody P17-A11 and antibody P16-A3 bind the same epitope.
  • Figure 11 shows the grouping of epitopes of candidate antibodies using the competitive method of ELISA.
  • the results show that on the RBD domain of the 2019-nCoV coronavirus S protein, antibody P17-A11 and antibody CR3022 bind different epitopes, while antibody P17-A11 and antibody P16-A3 bind the same epitope.
  • Figure 12A shows the epitope grouping results of candidate antibodies P16-A3 and P17-A11 based on Fortebio, and the epitopes of antibodies P16-A3 and P17-A11 are the same.
  • Figure 12B shows the epitope grouping results of the candidate antibody P16-A3 and the control antibody CR3022 based on Fortebio. The epitopes of the antibody P16-A3 and the control antibody CR3022 are different.
  • Figure 12C shows the epitope grouping results of the candidate antibody P17-A11 and the control antibody CR3022 based on Fortebio. The epitopes of the antibody P17-A11 and the control antibody CR3022 are different.
  • Figure 13 shows the cell-level detection of candidate antibodies to block the activity of S protein binding on ACE2 naturally expressing cells.
  • Candidate antibodies P16-A3 and P17-A11 both show dose-dependent blocking activity, have excellent blocking effects at the cellular level and are significantly better than the control antibody CR0322.
  • the MFI in the figure represents the average fluorescence intensity.
  • the term “comprising” or “including” means including the stated elements, integers or steps, but does not exclude any other elements, integers or steps.
  • the term “comprises” or “includes” when used, unless otherwise specified, it also encompasses the situation consisting of the stated elements, integers or steps.
  • an antibody variable region that "comprises” a specific sequence when referring to an antibody variable region that "comprises” a specific sequence, it is also intended to encompass the antibody variable region composed of the specific sequence.
  • Coronaviridae ⁇ -coronavirus
  • the virus particles are spherical or elliptical with a diameter of about 60-220 nm.
  • the virus is a single-stranded positive-strand RNA (+ssRNA) virus.
  • ssRNA positive-strand RNA
  • coronaviruses that are pathogenic to humans, most are related to mild clinical symptoms (Su S, Wong G, Shi W, et al., Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses.
  • antibody is used in the broadest sense herein and includes, but is not limited to, monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, multispecific antibodies (eg, bispecific antibodies), as long as they exhibit the desired antigen-binding activity .
  • the antibody can be a complete antibody of any type and subtype (e.g., IgM, IgD, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgE, IgA1 and IgA2) (e.g., having two full-length light chains and two full-length heavy chains). chain).
  • the monomer of a complete antibody is a tetrapeptide chain molecule formed by disulfide bonds connecting two full-length light chains and two full-length heavy chains, also known as the monomer of an Ig molecule.
  • Antibody monomer is the basic structure that constitutes an antibody.
  • isolated antibody is intended to refer to an antibody that is substantially free of other antibodies (Ab) with different antigen specificities (for example, an isolated antibody that specifically binds to the coronavirus S protein or an antigen-binding fragment thereof is substantially free of specific Sexually binds to antigens other than the Coronavirus S protein).
  • the antibody is purified to greater than 95% or 99% purity by, for example, electrophoresis (e.g., SDS-PAGE isoelectric focusing (IEF), capillary electrophoresis) or chromatography (e.g., ion exchange or reverse Phase HPLC) to determine.
  • electrophoresis e.g., SDS-PAGE isoelectric focusing (IEF), capillary electrophoresis
  • chromatography e.g., ion exchange or reverse Phase HPLC
  • blocking antibody As used herein, “blocking antibody”, “neutralizing antibody”, “antibody with neutralizing activity” or “neutralizing antibody” are used interchangeably herein and refer to an antibody that binds to a target antigen or It interacts with it and prevents the target antigen from binding or associating with a binding partner such as a receptor, thereby inhibiting or blocking the biological response that would otherwise occur due to the interaction of the target antigen with a binding partner such as the receptor. In the context of the present invention, it means that the binding of the antibody to the coronavirus S protein results in the inhibition of at least one biological activity of the coronavirus.
  • the neutralizing antibody of the present invention can prevent or block the binding of coronavirus S protein to ACE2.
  • Epitopes refers to an antigenic determinant that interacts with a specific antigen-binding site called a paratope in the variable region of an antibody molecule.
  • a single antigen can have more than one epitope. Therefore, different antibodies can bind to different regions on the antigen and can have different biological effects.
  • Epitopes can be formed by contiguous amino acids or discrete amino acids joined by tertiary folding of the protein. Epitopes formed by consecutive amino acids usually remain when exposed to a denaturing solvent, while epitopes formed by tertiary folding usually disappear when treated with a denaturing solvent. Epitopes usually include at least 3, and more usually at least 5, about 9, or about 8-10 amino acids in a unique spatial conformation.
  • antigen-binding fragment is a part or section of a complete or complete antibody that has fewer amino acid residues than a complete or complete antibody, which can bind to the antigen or compete with the complete antibody (ie, the complete antibody from which the antigen-binding fragment is derived) Binding antigen.
  • the antigen-binding fragment can be prepared by recombinant DNA technology, or by enzymatic or chemical cleavage of the intact antibody.
  • Antigen-binding fragments include but are not limited to Fab, Fab', F(ab') 2 , Fv, single-chain Fv (scFv), single-chain Fab, diabody, single domain antibody (sdAb, Nanobody), Camel Ig, Ig NAR, F(ab)' 3 fragment, double-scFv, (scFv) 2 , mini-antibody, bi-functional antibody, tri-functional antibody, tetra-functional antibody, disulfide stabilized Fv protein (“dsFv”) .
  • the term also includes genetically engineered forms, such as chimeric antibodies (e.g., humanized murine antibodies), hybrid antibodies (e.g., bispecific antibodies), and antigen-binding fragments thereof.
  • chimeric antibodies e.g., humanized murine antibodies
  • hybrid antibodies e.g., bispecific antibodies
  • antigen-binding fragments thereof for a more detailed description, please see: Pierce Catalog and Handbook, 1994-1995 (Pierce Chemical
  • the terms “whole antibody”, “full-length antibody”, “full antibody” and “whole antibody” are used interchangeably herein to refer to at least two heavy chains (HC) and two Light chain (LC) glycoprotein.
  • Each heavy chain is composed of a heavy chain variable region (abbreviated as VH herein) and a heavy chain constant region.
  • the heavy chain constant region is composed of three structural domains CH1, CH2 and CH3.
  • Each light chain is composed of a light chain variable region (abbreviated as VL herein) and a light chain constant region.
  • the light chain constant region consists of a domain CL.
  • Mammalian heavy chains are classified into ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ . Mammalian light chains are classified as lambda or kappa.
  • Immunoglobulins containing alpha, delta, epsilon, gamma, and mu heavy chains are classified as immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM.
  • the complete antibody forms a "Y" shape.
  • the stem of Y is composed of the second and third constant regions of the two heavy chains (and for IgE and IgM, the fourth constant region) joined together, and disulfide bonds (interchains) are formed in the hinge.
  • the heavy chains ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ have a constant region composed of three tandem (in a row) Ig domains, and a hinge region for increasing flexibility; the heavy chains ⁇ and ⁇ have a constant region composed of four immunoglobulin domains Area.
  • Each arm of Y includes the variable region and the first constant region of a single heavy chain that are bound to the variable and constant regions of a single light chain.
  • the variable regions of the light and heavy chains are responsible for antigen binding.
  • the light chain variable region and the heavy chain variable region respectively comprise a "framework" region with three hypervariable regions (also referred to as “complementarity determining regions” or “CDRs”) intervening.
  • CDRs complementarity determining regions
  • “Complementarity determining region” or “CDR region” or “CDR” or “hypervariable region” (herein can be used interchangeably with hypervariable region “HVR”) is an antibody variable domain that is hypervariable in sequence and A structurally defined loop ("hypervariable loop") and/or a region containing antigen contact residues ("antigen contact point”) is formed.
  • CDR is mainly responsible for binding to antigen epitopes.
  • the CDRs of the heavy chain and light chain are usually referred to as CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, and are numbered sequentially from the N-terminus.
  • the CDRs located in the variable domain of the antibody heavy chain are called HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3, and the CDRs located in the variable domain of the antibody light chain are called LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3.
  • the precise amino acid sequence boundaries of each CDR can be determined using any one or a combination of many well-known antibody CDR assignment systems, which include For example: Chothia based on the three-dimensional structure of antibodies and the topology of CDR loops (Chothia et al.
  • the boundaries of the CDRs of the variable regions of the same antibody obtained based on different assignment systems may be different. That is, the CDR sequences of the variable regions of the same antibody defined under different assignment systems are different. For example, the residue ranges of CDR regions using Kabat and Chothia numbering under different assignment systems are shown in Table A below.
  • the scope of the antibodies also covers antibodies whose variable region sequences include the specific CDR sequences, but due to the application of different schemes (for example, Different assignment system rules or combinations) cause the claimed CDR boundary to be different from the specific CDR boundary defined in the present invention.
  • CDR of the antibody of the present invention can be artificially evaluated and determined according to any scheme in the art or a combination thereof.
  • the term "CDR” or "CDR sequence” encompasses CDR sequences determined in any of the above-mentioned ways.
  • the sequences of the framework regions of different light chains or heavy chains have relative preservation in species (such as humans).
  • the framework region of the antibody (which is the combined framework region of the light chain and the heavy chain) is used to locate and align the CDRs in a three-dimensional space.
  • CDR is mainly responsible for binding to the epitope of the antigen.
  • Antibodies with different specificities that is, different combination sites for different antigens have different CDRs.
  • the CDRs are different between antibodies and antibodies, only a limited number of amino acid positions within the CDRs are directly involved in antigen binding. These positions within the CDR are called specificity determining residues (SDR).
  • a “monoclonal antibody” is an antibody produced by a single clone of B lymphocytes or by cells in which the light chain and heavy chain genes of a single antibody have been transfected.
  • Monoclonal antibodies are produced by methods known to those skilled in the art, for example, by preparing hybrid antibody-forming cells from a fusion of myeloma cells and immune spleen cells.
  • Monoclonal antibodies include humanized monoclonal antibodies.
  • the double-chain Fv species is composed of a dimer of a heavy chain variable domain and a light chain variable domain in a tight non-covalent association.
  • a heavy-chain variable domain and a light-chain variable domain can be covalently linked through a flexible peptide linker, so that the light chain and the heavy chain can be similar to the double-chain Fv category
  • the "dimeric" structure is associated.
  • the three hypervariable regions (HVR) of each variable domain interact to define the antigen binding site on the surface of the VH-VL dimer.
  • the six HVRs collectively confer antigen-binding specificity to the antibody. However, even a single variable domain (or half of an Fv containing only three HVRs specific to the antigen) has the ability to recognize and bind to the antigen, but the affinity is lower than the complete binding site.
  • the Fab fragment contains the variable domain of the heavy chain and the variable domain of the light chain and also contains the constant domain of the light chain and the first constant domain (CH1) of the heavy chain.
  • the difference between the Fab' fragment and the Fab fragment is that several residues are added to the carboxyl end of the CH1 domain of the heavy chain, including one or more cysteines from the hinge region of an antibody.
  • Fab'-SH is the name of Fab' herein, in which the cysteine residue of the constant domain carries a free thiol group.
  • F(ab')2 antibody fragments were originally produced as pairs of Fab' fragments with hinge cysteines in between. Other chemical couplings of antibody fragments are also known.
  • the term "specifically binds" or “binding” used when talking about antigens and antibodies means that the antibody forms a complex with an antigen that is relatively stable under physiological conditions.
  • Methods for determining whether an antibody specifically binds to an antigen include, for example, surface plasmon resonance assays, MSD assays (Estep, P. et al., High throughput solution-based measurement of antibody-antigen affinity and epitope binning, MAbs, 2013.5(2): p.270-278), ForteBio affinity assay (Estep, P et al., High throughput solution Based measurement of antibody-antigen affinity and epitope binning.MAbs, 2013.5(2): p.270-8) and so on.
  • the "specific binding" coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention is measured in the ForteBio affinity assay at at least about 10 -8 M, preferably 10 -9 M; more preferably 10 -10 M, and still more preferably A K D of 10 -11 M, more preferably 10 -12 M binds to the S protein, thereby blocking or inhibiting the binding of the coronavirus S protein to its receptor ACE2 and subsequent membrane fusion.
  • Binding affinity refers to the strength of the sum of all non-covalent interactions between a single binding site of a molecule (such as an antibody) and its binding partner (such as an antigen). Unless otherwise specified, as used herein, "binding affinity” refers to the intrinsic binding affinity that reflects a 1:1 interaction between members of a binding pair (eg, antibody and antigen). The affinity of a molecule X to its partner Y can usually be expressed by the binding and dissociation equilibrium constant (K D ). Affinity can be measured by common methods known in the art, including those known in the prior art and those described herein.
  • the term “competition” in the context of antigen binding proteins that compete for the same epitope (e.g., neutralizing antigen binding protein or neutralizing antibody), it means competition between antigen binding proteins, which is determined by the following assay:
  • the antigen-binding protein to be detected for example, an antibody or immunological functional fragment thereof
  • prevents or inhibits for example, reduces
  • a reference antigen-binding protein for example, a ligand or a reference antibody
  • a common antigen for example, S protein or Its fragment
  • RIA solid-phase direct or indirect radioimmunoassay
  • EIA solid-phase direct or indirect enzyme immunoassay
  • Sandwich competition assay see, for example, Stahli et al., 1983, Methods in Enzymology 9:242-253.
  • the assay involves the use of purified antigen bound to a solid surface or cell with either an unlabeled test antigen binding protein and a labeled reference antigen binding protein.
  • Competitive inhibition is measured by measuring the amount of label bound to a solid surface or cell in the presence of the antigen binding protein being tested. Usually the tested antigen binding protein is present in excess.
  • the antigen binding proteins identified by competition assays include: antigen binding proteins that bind to the same epitope as the reference antigen binding protein; and antigen binding that binds to adjacent epitopes that are sufficiently close to the binding epitope of the reference antigen binding protein Proteins, the two epitopes sterically hinder each other from binding. Additional details on the methods used to determine competitive binding are provided in the examples herein.
  • variable refers to a heavy chain variable region or a light chain variable region that has been modified with at least one, such as 1, 2 or 3 amino acid substitutions, deletions or additions, including heavy or light chain variants.
  • the modified antigen-binding protein of the body basically retains the biological characteristics of the pre-modified antigen-binding protein.
  • the antigen binding protein containing the sequence of the variable heavy chain variable region or the variable region of the light chain retains 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100% of the biological characteristics of the antigen binding protein before modification. It should be understood that each heavy chain variable region or light chain variable region can be modified alone or in combination with another heavy chain variable region or light chain variable region.
  • the antigen binding protein of the present disclosure contains 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% homology to the amino acid sequence of the heavy chain variable region described herein The amino acid sequence of the variable region of the heavy chain.
  • the antigen binding protein of the present disclosure includes 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% homology to the amino acid sequence of the light chain variable region described herein The amino acid sequence of the variable region of the light chain.
  • the percent homology can be in the entire heavy chain variable region and/or the entire light chain variable region, or the percent homology can be limited to the framework region, and the sequence corresponding to the CDR is the same as the heavy chain variable region and/or light chain.
  • the CDRs disclosed herein have 100% identity within the variable region.
  • the term "CDR variant” refers to a CDR that has been modified with at least one, such as 1, 2 or 3 amino acid substitutions, deletions or additions, wherein the modified antigen binding protein comprising the CDR variant substantially retains the pre-modification The biological characteristics of antigen binding proteins.
  • the antigen binding protein containing the variant CDR retains 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100% of the biological characteristics of the antigen binding protein before modification. It should be understood that each CDR that can be modified can be modified alone or in combination with another CDR.
  • the modification is a substitution, especially a conservative substitution.
  • Humanized antibody refers to a type of engineered antibody that has CDRs derived from a non-human donor immunoglobulin, and the remaining immunoglobulin portion of the humanized antibody is derived from one (or more) humans Immunoglobulin.
  • framework support residues can be changed to retain binding affinity (see, for example, Queen et al., Proc. Natl Acad Sci USA, 86: 10029-10032 (1989), Hodgson et al., Bio/Technology, 9: 421 (1991)).
  • Suitable human accepting antibodies may be antibodies selected from conventional databases such as Los Alamos database and Swiss protein database by homology with the nucleotide and amino acid sequence of the donor antibody.
  • Human antibodies characterized by homology (based on amino acids) to the framework regions of the donor antibody may be suitable for providing heavy chain constant regions and/or heavy chain variable framework regions for insertion of the donor CDR.
  • a suitable acceptor antibody capable of providing constant or variable framework regions of the light chain can be selected in a similar manner. It should be noted that the acceptor antibody heavy chain and light chain need not be derived from the same acceptor antibody.
  • polynucleotide or “nucleic acid” used interchangeably herein refers to a chain of nucleotides of any length, and includes DNA and RNA. Nucleotides may be deoxyribonucleotides, ribonucleotides, modified nucleotides or bases, and/or their analogs, or any substrate capable of being incorporated into the chain by DNA or RNA polymerase.
  • the sequences are aligned for optimal comparison purposes (for example, the first and second amino acid sequences or nucleic acid sequences may be used for optimal alignment. Gaps can be introduced in one or both or non-homologous sequences can be discarded for comparison purposes).
  • the length of the compared reference sequence is at least 30%, preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 50%, 60%, and even more preferably at least 70%, 80% , 90%, 100% of the reference sequence length.
  • the amino acid residues or nucleotides at the corresponding amino acid positions or nucleotide positions are then compared. When a position in the first sequence is occupied by the same amino acid residue or nucleotide at the corresponding position in the second sequence, then the molecules are identical at this position.
  • Mathematical algorithms can be used to achieve sequence comparison between two sequences and calculation of percent identity.
  • the Needlema and Wunsch ((1970) J.Mol.Biol.48:444-453) algorithm (at http://www.gcg.com) that has been integrated into the GAP program of the GCG software package is used. Available), use Blossum 62 matrix or PAM250 matrix and gap weight 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, 6 or 4 and length weight 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, to determine the difference between two amino acid sequences Percent identity.
  • the GAP program in the GCG software package (available at http://www.gcg.com) is used, the NWSgapdna.CMP matrix and gap weights of 40, 50, 60, 70, or 80 are used. Length weights 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, determine the percent identity between two nucleotide sequences.
  • a particularly preferred parameter set (and a parameter set that should be used unless otherwise specified) is a Blossom 62 scoring matrix with a gap penalty of 12, a gap extension penalty of 4, and a frameshift gap penalty of 5.
  • nucleic acid sequences and protein sequences described herein can be further used as "query sequences" to perform searches against public databases, for example to identify other family member sequences or related sequences.
  • vector refers to a construct capable of delivering one or more genes or sequences of interest into a host cell and preferably expressing the genes or sequences in the host cell.
  • vectors include, but are not limited to, viral vectors, naked DNA or RNA expression vectors, plasmids, cosmids or phage vectors, DNA or RNA expression vectors related to cationic flocculants, DNA or RNA expression encapsulated in liposomes Vectors and certain eukaryotic cells, such as producer cells.
  • host cell refers to cells into which exogenous nucleic acid has been introduced, including the progeny of these cells.
  • Host cells include “transformants” and “transformed cells”, which include primary transformed cells and progeny derived therefrom, regardless of the number of passages.
  • the offspring may not be exactly the same as the parent cell in terms of nucleic acid content, but they may contain mutations. This document includes mutant progeny that have the same function or biological activity as the cells screened or selected in the initially transformed cells.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for producing a monoclonal antibody, the method comprising culturing the host cell of the present invention to produce the above-mentioned monoclonal antibody of the present invention.
  • subject refers to animals in need of alleviation, prevention and/or treatment of diseases or conditions such as viral infections, preferably mammals, and more preferably humans. Mammals also include, but are not limited to, farm animals, race animals, pets, primates, horses, dogs, cats, mice, and rats. The term includes human subjects who have coronavirus infection or are at risk of coronavirus infection.
  • administering the antibody of the present invention or the pharmaceutical composition or product of the present invention to a subject in need thereof means administering an effective amount of the antibody or pharmaceutical composition or product or the like.
  • the term "effective amount” means the amount of a drug or agent that elicits a biological or pharmaceutical response of a tissue, system, animal, or human, for example, which is sought by a researcher or clinician.
  • therapeutically effective amount refers to an amount that causes an improved treatment, cure, prevention, or alleviation of a disease, disorder, or side effect, or reduces the rate of progression of the disease or condition, compared to a corresponding subject who did not receive the amount. ⁇ The amount. The term also includes within its scope an amount effective to enhance normal physiological functions.
  • Coronavirus targeted by the antibody of the present invention its structure and the way to enter the host cell
  • Coronavirus (including SARS-CoV and the newly discovered 2019-nCoV) is a spherical single-stranded positive-stranded RNA virus, which is characterized by a spike protein protruding from the surface of the virion (Barcena, M. et al., Cryo-electron Tomography of mouse hepatitis virus: Insights into the structure of the coronavirion.Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA2009,106,582–587).
  • the spherical shape of the virus particles and the protrusions of the spikes make the coronavirus look like a crown under the electron microscope and it is named the coronavirus.
  • Coronavirus is an enveloped virus (the envelope is derived from the lipid bilayer of the host cell membrane), which is mainly composed of viral structural proteins (such as spike protein (Spike, S), membrane protein (Membrane, M), A virus structure formed by membrane protein (Envelope, E) and nucleocapsid protein (Nucleocapsid, N), in which S protein, M protein, and E protein are all embedded in the viral envelope, and N protein interacts with viral RNA and is located in the virus The core of the particle forms the nucleocapsid (Fehr, AR et al., Coronaviruses: An overview of their replication and pathogenesis. Methods Mol. Biol. 2015, 1282, 1-23).
  • S protein is a highly glycosylated protein that can form homotrimeric spikes on the surface of virus particles and mediate the virus into host cells.
  • 2019-nCoV is a single-stranded positive-stranded RNA virus with a membrane structure and a size of 80-120nm.
  • the genome length is about 29.9kb.
  • This virus is between the genome sequence of SARS-CoV, which belongs to the ⁇ -coronavirus genus of the coronavirus family.
  • the homology is 80%.
  • the open reading frame (ORF) of the viral genome, ORF1a and ORF1b account for 2/3 of the genome, expressing hydrolases and enzymes related to replication and transcription, such as cysteine protease (PLpro) and serine protease (3CLpro).
  • RNA-dependent RNA polymerase RdRp
  • helicase Hel
  • S spike protein
  • E envelope protein
  • M membrane protein
  • N Nucleocapsid protein
  • the N protein wraps the viral genome to form a nucleoprotein complex
  • the E protein and M protein are mainly involved in the assembly process of the virus
  • the S protein is mainly mediated by binding to host cell receptors. The invasion of the virus determines the host specificity of the virus. After sequence comparison, it is found that the S protein of 2019-nCoV virus and SARS-CoV virus has a similarity of 75%.
  • ACE2 is also the receptor protein for 2019-nCoV to infect the human body into the cell. It is expected that high-affinity neutralizing antibodies that target the coronavirus S protein and block its binding to the ACE2 receptor can effectively prevent and treat coronavirus (for example, 2019-n CoV, SARS-CoV) infections.
  • coronavirus for example, 2019-n CoV, SARS-CoV
  • antibody against coronavirus S protein refers to the antibody of the present invention that can bind to the coronavirus S protein (for example, 2019-n CoV S protein, SARS-CoV S protein) with sufficient affinity.
  • the antibody can be used as a diagnostic, preventive and/or therapeutic agent targeting the S protein of coronavirus.
  • the antibodies and antigen-binding fragments of the present invention specifically bind to the coronavirus S protein with high affinity.
  • the antibody of the present invention is a blocking antibody or a neutralizing antibody, wherein the antibody can bind to the coronavirus S protein and block the binding of the coronavirus S protein to ACE2.
  • the blocking antibody or neutralizing antibody can be used to prevent coronavirus infection and/or treat individuals infected with coronavirus.
  • the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention specifically binds to the coronavirus S protein, which comprises
  • amino acid change is an addition, deletion or substitution of an amino acid, for example, the amino acid change is a conservative amino acid substitution.
  • the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention binds to mammalian coronavirus S protein, such as human coronavirus S protein, monkey coronavirus S protein.
  • the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention specifically binds to an epitope (e.g., linear or conformational epitope) on the coronavirus S protein.
  • the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention has one or more of the following characteristics:
  • the neutralizing activity of the antibody of the present invention to inhibit virus infection of Vero E6 cells is significantly better than that of the control antibody, and it protects 50% of cells from 100TCID50 attack.
  • the antibody titer is less than about 0.5 nM, such as about 0.4 nM, 0.3 nM, 0.2 nM, 0.1 nM.
  • the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention comprises HCDR1 shown in SEQ ID NO: 5 or a variant of HCDR1 shown in SEQ ID NO: 5 with no more than 2 amino acid changes, SEQ ID NO: 6 No more than 2 amino acid variants of HCDR2 or HCDR2 shown in SEQ ID NO: 6 and HCDR3 shown in SEQ ID NO: 7 or HCDR3 shown in SEQ ID NO: 7 not more than 2 A variant of amino acid change; LCDR1 shown in SEQ ID NO: 8 or a variant of LCDR1 shown in SEQ ID NO: 8 with no more than 2 amino acid changes, LCDR2 shown in SEQ ID NO: 9 or SEQ ID NO: The variant of LCDR2 shown in 9 with no more than 2 amino acid changes, and the LCDR3 shown in SEQ ID NO: 10 or the variant of LCDR3 shown in SEQ ID NO: 10 with no more than 2 amino acid changes, wherein Amino acid changes are additions, deletions or substitutions of amino acids, for example
  • the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention comprises HCDR1 shown in SEQ ID NO: 11 or a variant of HCDR1 shown in SEQ ID NO: 11 with no more than 2 amino acid changes, SEQ ID NO: 12 No more than 2 amino acid variants of HCDR2 or HCDR2 shown in SEQ ID NO: 12, and HCDR3 shown in SEQ ID NO: 13 or HCDR3 shown in SEQ ID NO: 13 not more than 2 A variant of amino acid changes; LCDR1 shown in SEQ ID NO: 14 or a variant of LCDR1 shown in SEQ ID NO: 14 with no more than 2 amino acid changes, LCDR2 shown in SEQ ID NO: 15 or SEQ ID NO: A variant of LCDR2 shown in 15 with no more than 2 amino acid changes, and LCDR3 shown in SEQ ID NO: 16 or a variant of LCDR3 shown in SEQ ID NO: 16 with no more than 2 amino acid changes, wherein Amino acid changes are additions, deletions or substitutions of amino acids, for example
  • the coronavirus S protein antibody or antigen-binding fragment of the present invention comprises a heavy chain variable region and a light chain variable region, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or has at least 90% of the sequence of SEQ ID NO:1. %, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity sequence, and the light chain variable region contains the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 or has A sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identical.
  • the amino acid change does not occur in the CDR region.
  • the coronavirus S protein antibody or antigen-binding fragment of the present invention comprises a heavy chain variable region and a light chain variable region, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 or has a sequence of at least 90%. %, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity sequence, and the light chain variable region contains the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 or has A sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identical.
  • the amino acid change does not occur in the CDR region.
  • the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention comprises an Fc region derived from IgG, such as IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, or IgG4. In some embodiments, the Fc region is derived from IgG1 or IgG4. In some embodiments, the Fc region is derived from human IgG1 or human IgG4.
  • the amino acid changes described herein include amino acid substitutions, insertions or deletions.
  • the amino acid changes described herein are amino acid substitutions, preferably conservative substitutions.
  • Conservative substitution refers to the substitution of an amino acid by another amino acid in the same category, for example, an acidic amino acid is substituted by another acidic amino acid, a basic amino acid is substituted by another basic amino acid, or a neutral amino acid is substituted by another neutral amino acid replace. Exemplary substitutions are shown in Table B below:
  • substitutions Ala(A) Val; Leu; Ile Val Arg(R) Lys; Gln; Asn Lys Asn(N) Gln; His; Asp, Lys; Arg Gln Asp(D) Glu; Asn Glu Cys(C) Ser; Ala Ser Gln(Q) Asn; Glu Asn Glu(E) Asp; Gln Asp Gly(G) Ala Ala His(H) Asn; Gln; Lys; Arg Arg Ile(I) Leu, Val; Met; Ala; Phe; Norleucine Leu Leu(L) Norleucine; Ile; Val; Met; Ala; Phe Ile Lys(K) Arg; Gln; Asn Arg Met(M) Leu; Phe; Ile Leu Phe(F) Trp; Leu; Val; Ile; Ala; Tyr Tyr Pro(P) Ala Ala Ser(S) Thr Thr Thr(T) Val
  • the amino acid changes described in the present invention occur in regions outside the CDR (for example, in the FR). More preferably, the amino acid changes described in the present invention occur in the Fc region.
  • an anti-coronavirus S protein antibody comprising an Fc domain containing one or more mutations that enhance or weaken the binding of the antibody to the FcRn receptor at acidic pH compared to neutral pH, for example .
  • the present invention includes a coronavirus S protein antibody containing mutations in the C H Fc domain or 2 C H 3 region, wherein the one or more mutations that improve Fc domain in an acidic environment (e.g.
  • Fc modifications include, for example, positions 250 (for example, E or Q), positions 250 and 428 (for example, L or F), positions 252 (for example, L/Y/F/W or T), 254 Bit (such as S or T) and 256 bit (such as S/R/Q/E/D or T) modification; or 428 bit and/or 433 bit (such as H/L/R/S/P/Q or K ) And/or modification of position 434 (for example, A, W, H, F or Y [N434A, N434W, N434H, N434F or N434Y]); or modification of position 250 and/or 428; or modification of position 307 or 308 ( For example, 308F, V308F) and the modification of position 434.
  • positions 250 for example, E or Q
  • positions 250 and 428 for example, L or F
  • positions 252 for example, L/Y/F/W or T
  • 254 Bit such as S or T
  • 256 bit such as
  • the modification includes 428L (e.g. M428L) and 434S (e.g. N434S) modifications; 428L, 2591 (e.g. V259I) and 308F (e.g. V308F) modifications; 433K (e.g. H433K) and 434 (e.g. 434Y) modifications; 252, 254, and 256 (e.g. 252Y, 254T, and 256E) modifications; 250Q and 428L modifications (e.g. T250Q and M428L); and 307 and/or 308 modifications (e.g. 308F or 308P).
  • the modification includes 265A (e.g. D265A) and/or 297A (e.g. N297A) modifications.
  • the present invention includes an anti-coronavirus S protein antibody containing an Fc domain containing one or more pairs (groups) of mutations selected from: 250Q and 248L (for example, T250Q and M248L); 252Y , 254T and 256E (such as M252Y, S254T and T256E); 428L and 434S (such as M428L and N434S); 257I and 311I (such as P257I and Q311I); 257I and 434H (such as P257I and N434H); 376V and 434H (such as D376V and N434H); 307A, 380A, and 434A (e.g., T307A, E380A, and N434A); and 433K and 434F (e.g., H433K and N434F).
  • groups selected from: 250Q and 248L (for example, T250Q and M248L); 252Y , 254
  • the present invention includes an anti-coronavirus S protein antibody containing an Fc domain that includes the S108P mutation in the hinge region of IgG4 to promote dimer stabilization. Any possible combination of the aforementioned Fc domain mutations and other mutations within the antibody variable domains disclosed herein are included within the scope of the present invention.
  • the coronavirus S protein antibodies provided herein are modified to increase or decrease the degree of glycosylation.
  • the addition or deletion of glycosylation sites of the coronavirus S protein antibody can be conveniently achieved by changing the amino acid sequence to create or remove one or more glycosylation sites.
  • the carbohydrates linked to the Fc region can be changed.
  • modifications to remove unwanted glycosylation sites may be useful, such as removing fucose moieties to improve antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) function (see Shield et al. (2002) JBC277:26733 ).
  • ADCC antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity
  • galactosidation can be modified to modulate complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC).
  • one or more amino acid modifications can be introduced into the Fc region of the coronavirus S protein antibody provided herein to generate Fc region variants, so as to enhance the prevention of the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention, for example. And/or the effectiveness of the treatment of coronavirus infections.
  • the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention is in the form of a bispecific or multispecific antibody molecule.
  • the bispecific antibody molecule has a first binding specificity for a first epitope of the coronavirus S protein and a second binding specificity for a second epitope of the coronavirus S protein, wherein the first table The position and the second epitope can be the same, or they can be different and non-overlapping.
  • the bispecific antibody molecule comprises the antibodies P17-A11 Fab and P16-A3 Fab of the invention.
  • the bispecific antibody molecule comprises the antibodies P17-A11 scFv and P16-A3 scFv of the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to an antibody combination comprising the antibody or antigen-binding fragment of the present invention that specifically binds to the epitope of the coronavirus S protein, and/or other antibodies or antigens that specifically bind to the epitope of the coronavirus S protein Combine fragments.
  • the antibody combination is a combination of antibody P17-A11 or an antigen-binding fragment thereof and antibody P16-A3 or an antigen-binding fragment thereof.
  • nucleic acid of the present invention and the host cell containing it
  • the present invention provides a nucleic acid encoding any of the above coronavirus S protein antibodies or antigen-binding fragments or any chain thereof.
  • a vector comprising the nucleic acid is provided.
  • the vector is an expression vector.
  • a host cell comprising the nucleic acid or the vector is provided.
  • the host cell is eukaryotic.
  • the host cell is selected from yeast cells, mammalian cells (such as CHO cells or 293 cells), or other cells suitable for preparing antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof.
  • the host cell is prokaryotic.
  • the nucleic acid of the present invention includes a nucleic acid encoding an amino acid sequence selected from any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 2, 3, and 4, or a nucleic acid that encodes an amino acid sequence selected from any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 2, 3, and 4.
  • the nucleic acid of the present invention comprises a nucleic acid encoding an amino acid sequence selected from any one of SEQ ID NOs: 17, 18, 19, 20, or a nucleic acid that encodes an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 17, 18,
  • the amino acid sequence shown in any one of 19 and 20 has at least 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity Amino acid sequence of nucleic acid.
  • the present invention also covers nucleic acids that hybridize with the following nucleic acids under stringent conditions, or nucleic acids that encode polypeptide sequences having one or more amino acid substitutions (eg conservative substitutions), deletions, or insertions compared with the following nucleic acids: comprising coding options A nucleic acid derived from the nucleic acid sequence of the amino acid sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 2, 3, 4; or a nucleic acid containing a code selected from any one of SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, 3, 4
  • the amino acid sequence has a nucleic acid sequence of at least 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity.
  • one or more vectors comprising the nucleic acid are provided.
  • the vector is an expression vector, such as a eukaryotic expression vector.
  • Vectors include but are not limited to viruses, plasmids, cosmids, lambda phage or yeast artificial chromosomes (YAC).
  • the expression vector can be transfected or introduced into a suitable host cell.
  • Various techniques can be used to achieve this goal, for example, protoplast fusion, calcium phosphate precipitation, electroporation, retroviral transduction, viral transfection, gene gun, lipid-based transfection or other conventional techniques.
  • protoplast fusion the cells are grown in a culture medium and screened for appropriate activity.
  • the methods and conditions for culturing the transfected cells produced and for recovering the antibody molecules produced are known to those skilled in the art and can be based on the methods known in this specification and the prior art, depending on the specific expression vector and Mammalian host cell changes or optimizations.
  • the selectable marker gene can be directly linked to the DNA sequence to be expressed or introduced into the same cell by co-transformation. Additional elements may also be required for optimal mRNA synthesis. These elements can include splicing signals, as well as transcription promoters, enhancers, and termination signals.
  • a host cell comprising the polynucleotide of the invention.
  • a host cell comprising an expression vector of the invention is provided.
  • the host cell is selected from yeast cells, mammalian cells, or other cells suitable for preparing antibodies. Suitable host cells include prokaryotic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli.
  • the host cell can also be a eukaryotic microorganism such as filamentous fungus or yeast, or various eukaryotic cells, such as insect cells. Vertebrate cells can also be used as hosts.
  • a mammalian cell line modified to be suitable for growth in suspension can be used.
  • Examples of useful mammalian host cell lines include SV40 transformed monkey kidney CV1 line (COS-7); human embryonic kidney line (HEK 293 or 293F cells), 293 cells, baby hamster kidney cells (BHK), monkey kidney cells ( CV1), African green monkey kidney cells (VERO-76), human cervical cancer cells (HELA), canine kidney cells (MDCK), Buffalo rat liver cells (BRL 3A), human lung cells (W138), human liver Cells (Hep G2), Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO cells), CHOS cells, NSO cells, myeloma cell lines such as Y0, NS0, P3X63 and Sp2/0.
  • COS-7 SV40 transformed monkey kidney CV1 line
  • HEK 293 or 293F cells human embryonic kidney line
  • 293 cells BHK
  • monkey kidney cells CV1
  • African green monkey kidney cells VERO-76
  • HELA human cervical cancer cells
  • MDCK buffalo rat liver cells
  • W138 human lung cells
  • Hep G2 Chinese ham
  • the host cell is a CHO cell or 293 cell.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing a coronavirus S protein antibody, wherein the method comprises culturing a nucleic acid encoding the coronavirus S protein antibody under conditions suitable for expressing a nucleic acid encoding the coronavirus S protein antibody.
  • the nucleic acid of the antibody or the host cell containing the expression vector of the nucleic acid, and optionally the coronavirus S protein antibody is isolated.
  • the method further includes recovering the coronavirus S protein antibody from the host cell (or host cell culture medium).
  • the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention In order to recombinantly produce the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention, first isolate the nucleic acid encoding the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention, and insert the nucleic acid into a vector for further cloning and/or expression in host cells. Such nucleic acids are easily separated and sequenced using conventional procedures, for example, by using oligonucleotide probes that can specifically bind to the nucleic acid encoding the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention.
  • the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention prepared as described herein can be purified by known prior art such as high performance liquid chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, gel electrophoresis, affinity chromatography, size exclusion chromatography and the like.
  • the actual conditions used to purify a particular protein also depend on factors such as net charge, hydrophobicity, and hydrophilicity, and these are obvious to those skilled in the art.
  • the purity of the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention can be determined by any of a variety of well-known analytical methods, including size exclusion chromatography, gel electrophoresis, high-performance liquid chromatography, and the like.
  • the coronavirus S protein antibody provided herein can be identified, screened, or characterized by a variety of assays known in the art, or its physical/chemical properties and/or biological activity.
  • the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention is tested for its antigen binding activity, for example, by a known method such as ELISA, Western blot and the like.
  • the binding to the coronavirus S protein can be determined using methods known in the art, and exemplary methods are disclosed herein.
  • SPR or biofilm layer interference is used to determine the binding of the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention to the coronavirus S protein.
  • the present invention also provides an assay method for identifying the coronavirus S protein antibody with biological activity.
  • the biological activity may include, for example, blocking the binding of ACE2 on the cell surface.
  • the present invention provides a composition comprising any coronavirus S protein antibody described herein, preferably the composition is a pharmaceutical composition.
  • the composition further comprises pharmaceutical excipients.
  • the composition e.g., pharmaceutical composition
  • the composition comprises the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention and a combination of one or more other therapeutic agents (e.g., anti-infective agents, small molecule drugs).
  • the anti-infective agent and small molecule drug are any anti-infective agent or small molecule drug used to treat, prevent or alleviate coronavirus infection in subjects, including but not limited to remdesivir, ribavirin, Oseltamivir, zanamivir, hydroxychloroquine, interferon- ⁇ 2b, analgesics, azithromycin, and corticosteroids.
  • coronavirus infections include infections caused by coronaviruses (including but not limited to 2019-n CoV and SARS-CoV).
  • the pharmaceutical composition or pharmaceutical preparation of the present invention contains suitable pharmaceutical excipients, such as pharmaceutical carriers and pharmaceutical excipients known in the art, including buffers.
  • pharmaceutical carrier includes any and all solvents, dispersion media, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, etc. that are physiologically compatible.
  • Pharmaceutical carriers suitable for the present invention can be sterile liquids, such as water and oils, including those of petroleum, animal, vegetable, or synthetic origin, such as peanut oil, soybean oil, mineral oil, sesame oil, and the like. When the pharmaceutical composition is administered intravenously, water is the preferred carrier. It is also possible to use saline solutions and aqueous dextrose and glycerol solutions as liquid carriers, especially for injectable solutions.
  • Suitable excipients include starch, glucose, lactose, sucrose, gelatin, malt, rice, flour, chalk, silica gel, sodium stearate, glyceryl monostearate, talc, sodium chloride, dry skimmed milk, glycerin , Propylene, glycol, water, ethanol, etc.
  • excipients see also "Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients", Fifth Edition, R.C. Rowe, P.J. Seskey and S.C. Owen, Pharmaceutical Press, London, Chicago.
  • the composition may also contain small amounts of wetting or emulsifying agents, or pH buffering agents.
  • compositions can take the form of solutions, suspensions, emulsions, tablets, pills, capsules, powders, sustained release formulations and the like.
  • Oral formulations may contain standard pharmaceutical carriers and/or excipients, such as pharmaceutical grades of mannitol, lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, and saccharin.
  • coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention can be prepared by mixing the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention with the required purity with one or more optional pharmaceutical excipients (Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 16th edition, Osol, A. Ed. (1980)).
  • the pharmaceutical preparation of the coronavirus S protein antibody described herein is preferably in the form of a lyophilized preparation or an aqueous solution.
  • the pharmaceutical composition or formulation of the present invention may also contain more than one active ingredient that is required for the specific indication being treated, preferably those active ingredients that have complementary activities that do not adversely affect each other.
  • active ingredients such as other antibodies, anti-infective active agents, small molecule drugs or immunomodulators.
  • the active ingredients are suitably present in combination in an amount effective for the intended use.
  • sustained release formulations can be prepared. Suitable examples of sustained-release preparations include semipermeable matrices of solid hydrophobic polymers containing the coronavirus S protein antibody of the present invention, which matrices are in the form of shaped articles, such as films or microcapsules.
  • the present invention also provides a combination product, which comprises at least one coronavirus S protein antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof of the present invention, or further comprises one or more other therapeutic agents (e.g., anti-infective activity). Agents, small molecule drugs or immunomodulators, etc.).
  • two or more ingredients in the combination product may be administered to the subject in combination sequentially, separately, or simultaneously.
  • the present invention also provides a kit containing the coronavirus S protein antibody, pharmaceutical composition, or combination product of the present invention, and optionally a package insert to guide administration.
  • the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical product comprising the coronavirus S protein antibody, pharmaceutical composition, and combination product of the present invention.
  • the pharmaceutical product further includes a package insert for guiding administration.
  • the present invention provides a method for preventing a coronavirus-related disease or disease in a subject, which comprises administering the antibody, antibody combination or multispecific antibody of the present invention to the subject.
  • Subjects at risk of coronavirus-related diseases include subjects who have been in contact with an infected person or subjects who have been exposed to the coronavirus in some other way.
  • the administration of the prophylactic agent may be administered before the symptomatic characteristics of the coronavirus-related disease are manifested in order to prevent the disease, or alternatively delay the progression of the disease.
  • the present invention also provides methods for treating coronavirus-related diseases in patients.
  • the method involves administering an antibody, antibody combination or multispecific antibody of the invention that neutralizes coronavirus to a patient suffering from the disease.
  • a method of treating a coronavirus infection in a patient comprising administering at least one antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof selected from the group consisting of antibodies P16-A3, P17-A11.
  • two of the antibodies P16-A3, P17-A11 or fragments thereof are administered to the patient together,
  • the antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof of the present invention can cross-neutralize human and animal infectious coronavirus isolates.
  • the antibodies of the invention or antigen-binding fragments thereof are administered within the first 24 hours after coronavirus infection.
  • any of the coronavirus S protein antibodies provided herein can be used to detect the presence of coronavirus in a biological sample.
  • detection includes quantitative or qualitative detection. Exemplary detection methods may involve immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry (for example, FACS), antibody molecule complexed magnetic beads, ELISA assays Law.
  • a coronavirus S protein antibody for use in a method of diagnosis or detection is provided.
  • a method of detecting the presence of coronavirus in a biological sample includes detecting the presence of coronavirus S protein in a biological sample.
  • the method includes contacting a biological sample with a coronavirus S protein antibody as described herein under conditions that allow the coronavirus S protein antibody to bind to the coronavirus S protein, and detecting the presence of the coronavirus S protein Whether a complex is formed between the antibody and the coronavirus S protein. The formation of the complex indicates the presence of coronavirus.
  • the method can be an in vitro or in vivo method.
  • Exemplary diagnostic assays for coronavirus include, for example, contacting a sample obtained from a patient with the anti-coronavirus S protein of the present invention, where the anti-coronavirus S protein is labeled with a detectable marker or reporter molecule or used as a capture ligand to select sexually isolate the coronavirus from patient samples.
  • the unlabeled anti-coronavirus S protein can be used in diagnostic applications in combination with a second antibody that itself is detectably labeled.
  • the detectable label or reporter molecule can be a radioisotope, such as 3 H, 14 C, 32 P, 35 S or 125 I; fluorescent or chemiluminescent moieties such as fluorescein isothiocyanate or rhodamine, or enzymes such as alkali Phosphatase, ⁇ -galactosidase, horseradish peroxidase or luciferase.
  • ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
  • RIA radioimmunoassay
  • FACS fluorescence activated cell sorting
  • the samples that can be used in the coronavirus diagnostic assay according to the present invention include any biological samples available from patients that contain a detectable amount of coronavirus spike protein or fragments thereof under normal or physiological conditions.
  • the biological sample is blood, serum, throat swabs, lower respiratory tract samples (e.g. tracheal secretions, tracheal aspirates, alveolar lavage fluid) or other samples of biological origin.
  • the level of coronavirus spike protein in a specific sample obtained from healthy patients will be measured to initially establish a baseline or standard coronavirus level. This baseline level of coronavirus can then be compared with the level of coronavirus measured in a sample obtained from an individual suspected of having a coronavirus-related condition or symptoms related to the condition.
  • the antibody specific for the coronavirus spike protein may not contain other labels, or it may contain N-terminal or C-terminal labels.
  • the label is biotin.
  • the position of the label determines the orientation of the peptide relative to the surface to which it is bound. For example, if the surface is coated with avidin, the peptide containing the N-terminal biotin will be oriented so that the C-terminal part of the peptide is away from the surface.
  • the following antigens and ACE2 proteins are shared: S protein RBD-His (319Arg-532Asn), S protein S1-huFc (14Gln-685Arg), human ACE2-huFc (18Gln-740Ser), human ACE2-His (18Gln- 740Ser), S protein RBD-mFc (purchased from Sinobio, 40592-V05H), the specific preparation methods of the first four proteins are as follows.
  • Each protein sequence was obtained from NCBI, among which the human ACE2 sequence was obtained from NCBI Gene ID: 59272, and the S protein sequence was obtained from NCBI Gene ID: 43740568.
  • Each protein sequence was obtained according to the position of the above amino acid fragments, and then transformed into gene sequences by GenScript Biotechnology Co., Ltd. conducts gene synthesis of the target fragment.
  • Each target fragment was amplified by PCR, and then constructed into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.3-TOPO (Invitrogen) by the method of homologous recombination for subsequent expression of the recombinant protein.
  • the constructed recombinant protein expression vectors were transformed into Escherichia coli SS320 and cultured overnight at 37°C. Plasmid extraction was performed using endotoxin-free plasmid extraction kit (OMEGA, D6950-01) to obtain endotoxin-free plasmids for supply Eukaryotic expression use.
  • OEGA endotoxin-free plasmid extraction kit
  • the resulting Fc-tagged protein expression supernatant was affinity purified with MabSelect SuRe LX (GE, 17547403), and then the target protein was eluted with 100mM sodium acetate (pH3.0), followed by 1M Tris -HCl neutralization; the obtained His tag protein expression supernatant was affinity purified with Ni Smart Beads 6FF (Changzhou Tiandi Renhe Biotechnology Co., Ltd., SA036050), and then the target protein was eluted with a gradient concentration of imidazole. The eluted proteins were replaced into PBS buffer through an ultrafiltration tube (Millipore, UFC901096). After SDS-PAGE identification and activity identification qualified, frozen at -80°C for later use.
  • S protein S1-huFc also known as Spike-S1-huFc; or S1-huFc
  • S protein RBD-mFc also known as Spike-RBD-mFc; or RBD-mFc
  • a phage display library of antibody genes was constructed, and the recombinant 2019-nCoV coronavirus RBD protein (ie, Spike-RBD-mFc, Sinobio, 40592-V05H) was used as the screening antigen to screen the library, and obtained Multiple antibody molecules that specifically bind to the 2019-nCoV coronavirus RBD protein.
  • the recombinant 2019-nCoV coronavirus RBD protein ie, Spike-RBD-mFc, Sinobio, 40592-V05H
  • Ficoll-Paque density gradient separation solution (purchased from GE Company, catalog number: 17144003S) and slowly add it to a 50 mL centrifuge tube. Tilt the centrifuge tube and slowly add 15 mL of collected normal human blood along the tube wall in batches, so that the Ficoll-Paque density gradient separation solution and normal human blood maintain a clear separation interface. Centrifuge the 50 mL centrifuge tube containing the blood and the separating solution at about 15°C for 20 minutes, where the centrifuge is set to 400 g, the acceleration is 3, and the deceleration is 0 parameters.
  • the entire liquid surface is divided into four layers, the upper layer is plasma mixture, the lower layer is red blood cells and granulocytes, and the middle layer is Ficoll-Paque liquid.
  • the middle layer is Ficoll-Paque liquid.
  • PBMC PBMC Cell layer.
  • the separated PBMC was first rinsed with PBS twice, then centrifuged at 1500 rpm at 4°C for 10 min, and finally resuspended with 1.5 mL of PBS, and counted by a cell counter (CountStar, CountStar Altair).
  • RNA was extracted from the isolated PBMC cells by conventional methods.
  • Reverse transcription kit purchased from TaKaRa company, catalog number: 6210A
  • degenerate primers were designed at the front end of the V region of the heavy chain and the light chain and the rear end of the first constant region (Li Xiaolin, large-capacity non-immune human Fab phage antibody
  • the construction and preliminary screening of the library the master's thesis of "Peking Union Medical College of China", June 2007), after PCR, the antibody heavy chain variable region gene fragment and light chain variable region gene fragment were obtained.
  • the fragment containing the light and heavy chain variable region of the antibody is amplified by the fusion PCR method, and then the PCR product and the vector for phage display are performed Enzyme digestion, recovery and ligation, and the ligation product is recovered by a recovery kit (Omega, catalog number: D6492-02).
  • a recovery kit (Omega, catalog number: D6492-02).
  • the transformed Escherichia coli SS320 broth was inoculated with antibiotic-free 2YT broth at a volume of 1:50, incubated at 37°C and 220rpm for 1.5-2h until OD600 reached 0.5-0.6, and then taken out to room temperature.
  • First select the counting hole first select the counting hole with the number of clones in 3-20 clones, get the number of rows X, and count the number of clones in the corresponding hole n, the calculation formula is 5 ⁇ 100 ⁇ 10 X ⁇ n, By calculation, an antibody gene library with a storage capacity of 3 ⁇ 10 11 cfu per milliliter of bacterial liquid, which is 3 ⁇ 10 11 antibody genes, was obtained.
  • MOI multiplicity of infection
  • the culture was centrifuged at 10000 rpm for 5 minutes, the supernatant was discarded, and the culture medium was replaced with carbenicillin 50 ⁇ g/mL/kanamycin 40 ⁇ g/mL double-resistant 2-YT medium (hereinafter also referred to as C + /K + 2-YT medium), and continue to culture overnight at 30°C and 220 rpm.
  • C + /K + 2-YT medium carbenicillin 50 ⁇ g/mL/kanamycin 40 ⁇ g/mL double-resistant 2-YT medium
  • the bacterial solution was centrifuged at 13000g for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was collected and 20% PEG/NaCl (prepared from 20% PEG6000 and 2.5M NaCl) was added to make the final concentration of PEG/NaCl 4%. Mix well. And placed on ice for 1 hour, and then centrifuged at 13000g for 10 min. The precipitated phage was rinsed with PBS and stored and used for subsequent phage screening.
  • the magnetic bead method is based on the antigen protein (Spike-RBD-mFc, Sinobio, 40592-V05H) is biotin-labeled, and then combined with streptavidin-coupled magnetic beads. By combining the antigen-bound magnetic beads The panning process of incubation, washing and elution with the antibody gene phage display library usually undergoes 3-4 rounds of panning, so that the specific monoclonal antibodies against the antigen can be enriched in a large amount.
  • the biotin-labeled 2019-nCoV coronavirus RBD protein was used for phage display library screening, and after 3 rounds of panning, a preliminary screening of monoclonal antibodies against the RBD protein was performed.
  • the specific implementation method of antibody screening is as follows:
  • the biotin-labeled 2019-nCoV coronavirus RBD protein (Spike-RBD-mFc, Sinobio, 40592-V05H) is incubated with streptavidin-coupled magnetic beads, so that the biotin-labeled RBD protein binds to the magnetic beads superior.
  • the magnetic beads that bind RBD protein and the constructed phage library were incubated for 2h at room temperature. After washing 6-8 times with PBST, the non-specifically adsorbed phages were removed, Trypsin (Gibco, 25200072) was added and mixed gently and reacted for 20 minutes to elute the specifically bound antibody display phages.
  • the eluted phage was used to infect the log phase SS320 bacteriophage (Lucigen, MC1061F) and let it stand for 30 min, then cultured at 220 rpm for 1 h, then added the VSCM13 helper phage and let it stand for 30 min, and continued at 220 rpm. Cultivate for 1 hour, centrifuge and replace into C + /K + 2-YT medium, and the finally obtained phage will continue to be used in the next round of panning.
  • the purpose of the immunotube method and the magnetic bead method are both to enrich specific antibodies against the antigen, and are two mutually complementary and validated experimental methods.
  • the principle of immune tube screening is to coat the 2019-nCoV coronavirus RBD protein (Spike-RBD-mFc, Sinobio, 40592-V05H) on the surface of an immune tube with high adsorption capacity, and add a phage display antibody library to the immune tube.
  • the panning process of incubation, washing and elution with the antigen protein adsorbed on the surface of the immune tube is carried out. After 2-4 rounds of panning, the specific monoclonal antibodies against the antigen are finally enriched.
  • the phage was precipitated the next day for subsequent 2-4 rounds of screening.
  • the antigen coating concentrations usually used in the second, third and fourth rounds of phage screening gradually decrease, respectively, 30 ⁇ g/mL, 10 ⁇ g/mL and 3 ⁇ g/mL; in addition, the PBS wash strength is gradually increased Large, the PBS elution times are 12 times, 16 times and 20 times in sequence.
  • the phage pool eluted in each round was tested by ELISA to evaluate the effect of enrichment, and 10 clones were randomly selected from the phage pool in each round for sequence analysis. The results are shown in Figure 3A and Figure 3B.
  • the results showed that the antibody sequence was significantly enriched after the third round of screening. Therefore, the clones obtained in the third round were selected for positive clone screening by ELISA.
  • the candidate antibody Fab lysate with gradient dilution (first well 10 ⁇ g/mL, 3-fold dilution) and 0.5 ⁇ g/mL RBD-mFc Mix in equal volume, incubate at 4°C for 1h, then transfer 100 ⁇ l of the mixture to a 96-well plate containing 2.0 ⁇ 10 5 Vero E6 cells/100 ⁇ l (Vero E6 cells obtained from ATCC, CRL-1586), and then incubate for 1h, FACS After rinsing with buffer, 100 ⁇ l of PE-labeled anti-mouse IgG-Fc flow cytometry antibody (Jackson, 115-115-164, 1:200 dilution) was added as the secondary antibody to detect RBD-binding on Vero E6 cells. mFc. The results are shown in Fig. 5, and the results show that the Fabs of the two antibodies (P16-
  • the two Fab antibodies with better blocking activity against ACE2 binding obtained in Example 2 were constructed as human IgG1 type, in which the light chains are all of the kappa type, and the antibody type is a fully human antibody.
  • PCR amplification was used to obtain antibody light and heavy chain variable region fragments, and through homologous recombination, they were constructed into modified eukaryotic expression vector plasmids containing light and heavy chain constant region fragments.
  • pcDNA3.3-TOPO Invitrogen
  • a complete antibody light and heavy chain full-length gene is composed, which encodes the antibody heavy chain and light chain amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 17, 18, 19, 20).
  • the constructed vectors containing the full-length antibody light and heavy chain genes were transformed into E. coli SS320, incubated overnight at 37°C, and plasmids were extracted using endotoxin-free plasmid extraction kit (OMEGA, D6950-01) to obtain endotoxin-free plasmids.
  • OEGA endotoxin-free plasmid extraction kit
  • the antibody light and heavy chain plasmids are used for eukaryotic expression.
  • Candidate antibodies P16-A3, P17-A11 and control antibody CR3022 are expressed by ExpiCHO transient expression system (Thermo Fisher, A29133), the specific method is as follows:
  • ExpiCHO TM Enhancer and ExpiCHO TM Feed to the culture medium. Place the shake flask on a shaker at 32°C and 5% CO 2 to continue culturing. On the 5th day after transfection, add the same Add a volume of ExpiCHO TM Feed slowly while gently mixing the cell suspension. After 7-15 days of transfection, centrifuge the cell culture supernatant expressing the target protein at 15000g for 10 minutes at high speed.
  • SDS-PAGE was used to detect the relative molecular weight and purity of the two candidate antibodies P16-A3, P17-A11 and the control antibody CR3022.
  • IPI is the abbreviation of Ipilimumab, used as a quality control product for physical and chemical properties such as SDS-PAGE, SEC-HPLC, etc.
  • Reducing solution preparation Add 2 ⁇ g of candidate antibody, control antibody and quality control IPI to 5 ⁇ SDS loading buffer and 5mM DTT, heat in a dry bath at 100°C for 10 minutes, cool to room temperature, centrifuge at 12000 rpm for 5 minutes, and take the supernatant.
  • Bis-tris 4-15% gradient gel (purchased from GenScript), constant voltage 110V electrophoresis, when Coomassie Brilliant Blue migrates to the bottom of the gel, stop running, take out the gel piece and place it in Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining solution for 1-2h, Discard the staining solution, add the decolorizing solution, replace the decolorizing solution 2-3 times as needed, and store it in deionized water after decolorizing until the gel background is transparent.
  • the results are shown in Figure 6.
  • the results show that the bands of the candidate antibody and the quality control IPI non-reducing gel are about 150kD, and the bands of the reducing gel are about 55kD and 25kD respectively, which are in line with the expected size, and the purity is greater than 98. %.
  • SEC-HPLC was used to detect the monomer purity of the two candidate antibodies P16-A3, P17-A11 and the control antibody CR3022.
  • Sample preparation Candidate antibody, control antibody and quality control IPI are all diluted to 0.5mg/mL with mobile phase solution.
  • Agilent HPLC 1100 chromatographic column (XBridge BEH SEC 3.5 ⁇ m, 7.8mm I.D. ⁇ 30cm, Waters), the flow rate is set to 0.8mL/min, the injection volume is 20 ⁇ L, and the wavelength of the VWD detector is 280nm and 214nm. Inject blank solution, IPI quality control solution and sample solution in sequence.
  • DSF Differential scanning fluorimetry
  • the DSF method was used to detect the T m values of the two candidate antibodies P16-A3, P17-A11 and the control antibody CR3022.
  • the thermal stability test of the sample adopts ABI 7500FAST RT-PCR instrument, the test type selects the melting curve, the continuous mode is adopted, the scanning temperature range is 25 ⁇ 95°C, the heating rate is 1%, 25°C is equilibrated for 5 minutes, the data is collected during the heating process, and the report is Select “ROX” for the group, select “None” for the quenching group, and a reaction volume of 20 ⁇ L. The temperature corresponding to the first peak and valley of the first derivative of the melting curve is determined as the melting temperature Tm of the candidate antibody.
  • a 96-well plate was coated with human ACE2-huFc protein, 8 ⁇ g/mL, 30 ⁇ L/well, 4°C overnight. The next day, the 96-well plate was washed 3 times with PBST and then blocked with 5% skimmed milk for 2 hours. Then, the two candidate antibodies P16-A3, P17-A11 or the control antibody CR3022 were diluted gradiently (see Figure 9 for gradient concentration), and premixed with the above-mentioned Spike-RBD-His labeled with biotin for 1.0 h in advance. After washing the plate, transfer it to a 96-well ELISA plate and incubate for 1 hour.
  • IC 50 values calculated (defined as the binding of the viral S protein to ACE2 concentration of antibody required to reduce 50%) as an indication of the effectiveness of blocking.
  • the two candidate antibodies P16-A3 and P17-A11 have IC 50 values of 7.7 nM and 4.2 nM, respectively, indicating that the two candidate antibodies P16-A3 and P17-A11 have excellent blocking and separation of virus S protein.
  • Example 8 Grouping of candidate antibody epitopes based on ELISA assay
  • the two candidate antibodies P16-A3, P17-A11 and the control antibody CR3022 bind the epitopes of the 2019-nCoV coronavirus S protein into groups.
  • the wells of the 96-well plate were coated with candidate antibodies P16-A3, P17-A11 and control antibody CR3022, respectively, at 2 ⁇ g/mL, 30 ⁇ L/well, overnight at 4°C. The next day, the well plates were washed 3 times with PBST and then blocked with 5% skimmed milk for 2 hours. Then, S protein RBD-His was added, 2 ⁇ g/mL, 30 ⁇ L/well, and incubated for 1h. After washing 3 times with PBST, as shown in Fig. 10, the biotinylated candidate antibody P17-A11 was added in a gradient of 30 ⁇ L/well, and incubated for 1 h.
  • the 96-well plates were coated with S protein RBD-His, 4 ⁇ g/mL, 30 ⁇ L/well, 4°C overnight. The next day, the well plates were washed 3 times with PBST and then blocked with 5% skimmed milk for 2 hours. Then, add the candidate antibodies P16-A3, P17-A11 and the control antibody CR3022 in gradient dilutions (as shown in Figure 11), 30 ⁇ L/well, and incubate for 1 h. Then add biotinylated candidate antibody P17-A11, 30 ⁇ L/well, and incubate for 1h.
  • Example 9 Determination of the binding affinity of candidate antibodies and antigens based on Fortebio
  • the Fortebio BLItz instrument was used to detect the affinity of the two candidate antibodies P16-A3, P17-A11 and the control antibody CR3022 with the 2019-nCoV coronavirus S protein RBD-his.
  • Example 10 Grouping of candidate antibody epitopes based on Fortebio
  • the Fortebio BLItz instrument was used to determine the antibody epitope of the candidate antibody and the control antibody.
  • Example 11 Cell-level detection candidate antibody blocks S protein from binding to ACE2
  • the candidate antibody was evaluated based on the FACS method to block the binding activity of the RBD domain of the virus S protein and the receptor ACE2.
  • the Vero E6 cells used in this example belong to the green monkey kidney cell line and naturally express ACE2. Green monkey ACE2 is very conservative with human ACE2, and the sequence homology reaches 95%. Therefore, in this example, Vero E6 was selected to replace the cell line expressing human ACE2 for the experiment.
  • FACS buffer (1X PBS+2% FBS)
  • FACS buffer to dilute the candidate antibody and the control antibody stepwise (see Figure 13 for the dilution ratio)
  • use FACS buffer to dilute RBD-mFc protein to 1 ⁇ g/mL add 100 ⁇ L to the corresponding 96-well plate, gently pipette to mix with a row gun, and place the 96-well plate at 4°C and incubate for 1h.
  • the anti-CD20 antibody Rituxmab (Rituxmab) was used as a negative isotype control (Isotype IgG) to test and evaluate the neutralizing effect of candidate antibodies P16-A3 and P17-A11 on 2019-nCoV coronavirus .
  • the binding of the 2019-nCoV coronavirus S protein to the receptor ACE2 on the cell surface is the first step for the virus to infect host cells.
  • the Vero E6 cells used in this example belong to the green monkey kidney cell line and naturally express ACE2. Because the sequence homology between green monkey ACE2 and human ACE2 reaches 95%, Vero E6 cells are often used for in vitro drug efficacy evaluation of anti-coronavirus drug candidates. Therefore, Vero E6 cells are used for the determination of virus neutralization activity of candidate antibodies.
  • MEM medium Invitrogen, 41500-034, add glutamine (final concentration 2mM), penicillin (final concentration 100U/mL), streptomycin (final concentration 100 ⁇ g/mL), inactivated FBS (final concentration 10 %).
  • MEM medium Invitrogen, 41500-034, add glutamine (final concentration 2mM), penicillin (final concentration 100U/ml), streptomycin (final concentration 100 ⁇ g/mL), inactivated FBS (final concentration 5 %).
  • the initial concentration is 60 ⁇ g/mL, 2-fold serial dilution, a total of 12 dilutions (the prepared antibody concentration is 60, 30, 15, 7.5 , 3.75, 1.875, 0.938, 0.469, 0.234, 0.117, 0.059, 0.029 ⁇ g/mL).
  • the prepared antibody concentration is 60, 30, 15, 7.5 , 3.75, 1.875, 0.938, 0.469, 0.234, 0.117, 0.059, 0.029 ⁇ g/mL.
  • Example 12.1.2 Collect freshly cultured Vero E6 cells, use the virus medium (5% FBS-MEM) prepared in Example 12.1.2 to prepare a cell concentration of 2 ⁇ 10 5 cells/mL, and add 100 ⁇ l to the above-mentioned virus-containing antibody mixture culture Plate and mix well, and place in a 35°C, 5% CO 2 cell incubator.
  • virus medium 5% FBS-MEM
  • CPE classification standard "+” means that less than 25% of cells have CPE; “++” means that more than 25% and less than 50% of cells have CPE; “+++” means that 50%-70% of cells have CPE; “++++” means that more than 75% of the cells have CPE.
  • the antibody group itself has no obvious cytotoxicity, only the normal cell control group with culture medium shows cell growth, and the virus control group with only virus added shows CPE up to ++++.
  • the Karber method is used to calculate the neutralization end point of the antibody against the virus (convert the antibody dilution to a logarithm), that is, the highest dilution concentration of the antibody that can protect 50% of the cells from 100TCID50 attack virus infection is the antibody titer.
  • the experimental results are shown in Table 4.
  • the results show that the candidate antibodies P17-A11 and P16-A3 can significantly inhibit the infection of Vero E6 cells by the 2019-nCoV virus and protect 50% of the cells from 100TCID 50 virus infection. They are 0.015 ⁇ g/mL and 0.029 ⁇ g/mL, namely 0.100nM and 0.193nM.
  • antibodies P16-A3 and P17-A11 were selected, and they were analyzed and sequenced.
  • the variable region of the human antibody sequence is defined, and the sequence of the light chain and heavy chain variable region of the antibody of the present invention (SEQ ID NO: 1-4) is determined.
  • the variable region sequence was analyzed, and AbM was used to define the CDR to determine the complementarity determining region sequence of the antibody heavy chain and light chain (SEQ ID NO: 5-16).
  • the specific sequence information is as follows:

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un anticorps ou un fragment de liaison à l'antigène se liant spécifiquement à une protéine S de coronavirus, un anticorps multispécifique et une composition d'anticorps. L'invention concerne en outre un acide nucléique codant pour l'anticorps ou le fragment de liaison à l'antigène, et l'anticorps multispécifique, une cellule hôte comprenant l'acide nucléique, et un procédé de préparation de l'anticorps ou du fragment de liaison à l'antigène, et de l'anticorps multispécifique. De plus, l'invention concerne également des utilisations de prévention, de traitement et/ou de diagnostic de l'anticorps ou du fragment de liaison à l'antigène, de l'anticorps multispécifique et de la composition d'anticorps.
PCT/CN2020/084478 2020-03-30 2020-04-13 Anticorps ayant une activité neutralisante contre le coronavirus, et utilisation associée WO2021196268A1 (fr)

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