WO2021180667A1 - Fondation sur pieux - Google Patents

Fondation sur pieux Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021180667A1
WO2021180667A1 PCT/EP2021/055818 EP2021055818W WO2021180667A1 WO 2021180667 A1 WO2021180667 A1 WO 2021180667A1 EP 2021055818 W EP2021055818 W EP 2021055818W WO 2021180667 A1 WO2021180667 A1 WO 2021180667A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pile
coupling
segment
channel
release
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/055818
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
André Frank
Dirk RIEBENSAHM
Original Assignee
Energiequelle GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Energiequelle GmbH filed Critical Energiequelle GmbH
Publication of WO2021180667A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021180667A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/52—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments
    • E02D5/523—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments composed of segments
    • E02D5/526—Connection means between pile segments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/10—Deep foundations
    • E02D27/12—Pile foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/52—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D9/00—Removing sheet piles bulkheads, piles, mould-pipes or other moulds or parts thereof
    • E02D9/02—Removing sheet piles bulkheads, piles, mould-pipes or other moulds or parts thereof by withdrawing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pile for a pile foundation, with several pile segments and at least one pile coupling, by means of which at least two pile segments are connected to one another.
  • the invention also relates to a method for dismantling a pile foundation with at least one pile inserted into the ground.
  • Pile foundations are used when soft soil layers have to be cut through in order to transfer structural loads into deep, load-bearing subsoil.
  • Corresponding pile foundations for example for wind turbines, will have to be removed from the ground in some regions in the future after decommissioning or permanent cessation of use due to legal requirements or for other reasons.
  • Pile sections only possible through at least partial exposure.
  • Bad soil conditions, high groundwater levels and dismantling depths of several meters make this dismantling, or the crimping of the piles, considerably more difficult. This leads to increased costs and a renewed intervention in the soil budget.
  • building and water law permits may be required to excavate the corresponding construction pits, which further increase the cost of dismantling the corresponding pile foundations.
  • nature conservation requirements can prevent the excavation of corresponding construction pits.
  • the object on which the invention is based is thus to reduce the effort involved in dismantling pile foundations.
  • the object is achieved by a pile of the type mentioned at the outset, the pile coupling of the pile according to the invention being releasable for the subsequent removal of at least one pile segment of the pile segments connected to one another by means of the pile coupling after the pile segments have been introduced into the ground.
  • the pile coupling of the pile according to the invention is preferably releasable without its external exposure.
  • at least one upper pile segment is released after the pile coupling is released and can be removed from the ground.
  • the pile according to the invention can, for example, be a driven pile, with the pile segments of the pile being able to be driven into the ground using a driving method.
  • the pile is a reinforced concrete pile, it being possible for the pile segments to be prefabricated parts that can be assembled.
  • the pile can be a prefabricated pile.
  • the pile segments can also have transverse reinforcement and / or longitudinal reinforcement.
  • the stake can also be a site Be concrete pile.
  • the detachable pile coupling can be integrated as an element pre-installed in the reinforcement cage.
  • the pile coupling is arranged between the pile segments connected by means of the pile coupling.
  • the pile coupling is connected to the end sections of the pile segments.
  • the pile coupling ensures, in particular, a tensile force connection between the pile segments connected to one another.
  • the pile coupling can comprise a lock, in particular a pull lock.
  • a pile segment connected to the pile coupling can be released, for example.
  • the pile coupling can also have several coupling parts connected to one another, the connection of which is disconnected when the coupling is released.
  • a coupling part of the pile coupling is fastened to a front end section of a first pile segment and a second coupling part of the pile coupling is fastened to a front end section of a second pile segment.
  • the pile coupling can be arranged, for example, between a pile segment designed as an upper pile and a pile segment designed as a lower pile, with the upper pile preferably being released when the pile coupling is released and can be removed from the ground.
  • the pile coupling has a release mechanism which can be actuated by means of a release tool to release the pile coupling.
  • the release mechanism for releasing the pile coupling can be operated remotely.
  • the release tool can have a hydraulic, pneumatic and / or electric drive for actuating the release mechanism.
  • the release tool can be set up to act thermally on the release mechanism in order to actuate it.
  • the release tool can be set up for this purpose be to cause a heat input into the release mechanism to operate this.
  • the release tool can comprise a heating device and / or a burner.
  • a pile according to the invention is advantageous in which the release mechanism of the pile coupling is set up to be actuated via a compressive load, a tensile load and / or a torque load.
  • a release pressure force, a release tensile force and / or a release torque can preferably be introduced into the release mechanism by means of the release tool.
  • the release mechanism can be actuated non-destructively.
  • the pile coupling has one or more predetermined breaking points which are designed to break in order to release the pile coupling when a specific thermal and / or mechanical breaking load is exceeded.
  • the pile segments can have one or more predetermined breaking points.
  • the one or more predetermined breaking points can be located on securing elements, such as securing bolts or securing pins, of the pile coupling.
  • One or more predetermined breaking points can be implemented by means of notches, tapers and / or perforations.
  • the thermal and / or mechanical breaking load can be caused by causing an explosion in the vicinity of the pile coupling.
  • an explosive can be ignited in the vicinity of the pile coupling in order to thermally and / or mechanically load the one or more predetermined breaking points.
  • the pile coupling has one or more deformation bodies which are designed to deform when a specific thermal and / or mechanical deformation load is exceeded in order to release the pile coupling.
  • the one or more deformation bodies can, for example, be securing elements such as securing bolts or securing pins.
  • the thermal and / or mechanical deformation stress can be caused by causing an explosion in the vicinity of the pile coupling.
  • a pile according to the invention is advantageous in which at least one pile segment has a channel which extends in the longitudinal direction through the pile segment and via which the pile coupling is accessible.
  • the uppermost pile segment of the pile preferably has a channel.
  • the pole segment having the channel is thus at least partially hollow.
  • the channel preferably runs centrally or centrally through the pile segment.
  • a release tool for actuating a release mechanism of the pile coupling can be used via the channel.
  • the pile coupling can then be operated remotely via the channel and the release tool.
  • a fracture instrument can also be used via the channel, by means of which one or more predetermined breaking points of the pile coupling can be subjected to a thermal and / or mechanical fracture load in order to release the pile coupling.
  • the pile according to the invention and the fracture instrument together form a dismantling system.
  • a deformation instrument can be used via the channel, by means of which one or more deformation bodies of the pile coupling can be deformed in order to release the pile coupling.
  • the pile according to the invention and the deformation instrument together form a dismantling system.
  • an explosive can be brought into the vicinity of the pile coupling via the channel.
  • the explosive can be introduced via a remotely ignitable explosive cartridge. Explosion-free explosives can also be used, which cause a fire after ignition Develop expansion pressure.
  • the pile according to the invention and the explosive device together form a dismantling system.
  • the channel has a guide for a release tool, which is designed to align the release tool in the channel.
  • a precise positioning of the release tool can take place via the guidance of the channel, so that the actuation of the release mechanism is simplified.
  • the guide of the channel can also be used to align a fracture instrument or a deformation instrument.
  • a post according to the invention is advantageous in which the channel has a protective cover which is designed to prevent inadvertent material entry into the channel.
  • the protective cover can, for example, be a protective seal of the channel or a protective cap on or in the channel. The protective cover prevents the sewer from being filled in during construction and during the dismantling of the pile foundation.
  • the channel is surrounded by a pipe segment which extends in the longitudinal direction through the pile segment.
  • the channel can be created by casting a cavity surrounding the pipe segment.
  • the pipe segment is preferably integrated into the pile segment.
  • the pipe segment is preferably embedded in the pile segment.
  • the pipe segment can be fastened in the pole segment in a non-positive, positive and / or cohesive manner.
  • a post according to the invention is preferred in which a connection of a post segment to the post coupling can be released by a releasing movement of the post segment.
  • the release movement can be, for example, a rotary movement of the pile segment.
  • the pile segment that can be released by a release movement can, for example, have a thread in an end section.
  • the pile segment is screwed into the pile coupling.
  • the front end section of the pile segment and the pile coupling can form a bayonet lock which can be released by a rotary movement of the pile segment.
  • a pile according to the invention is advantageous in which the pile coupling comprises a releasable or destructible tensioning means which braces the pile segments connected to one another with the pile coupling.
  • the bracing of the pile segments leads to the pile segments being pressed against one another and secured to one another.
  • the pile segments can have material projections, such as, for example, pins, webs or mandrels, which protrude into recesses in the adjacent pile segment.
  • the material protrusions and recesses ensure the positional security of the pile segments when driving and the absorption of transverse forces during the service life of the pile foundation.
  • the pile can be dismantled by removing at least one pile segment by loosening or destroying the clamping device and then pulling out the released pile segment.
  • the pile segment can be pulled out by means of a lifting device.
  • the lifting device can be a hydraulic lifting device.
  • At least one pile segment has a channel which extends in the longitudinal direction through the pile segment and through which the tensioning means extends.
  • the tensioning means preferably runs parallel to or in alignment with the channel in the pile segment.
  • the channel in the pile segment can be continuous and extend from an upper end face of the pile segment to a lower end face of the pile segment.
  • the pile can also have several clamping devices.
  • the one or more tensioning means can also run through a plurality of channels extending in the longitudinal direction through the pile segment.
  • a post according to the invention is advantageous in which the tensioning means comprises a tensioning wire or a tensioning rod.
  • the clamping means can be made of metal or a metal alloy.
  • this can
  • the tensioning means can be a textile or have textile components.
  • the tension rod can for example be designed as a threaded rod.
  • the tensioning means is anchored in a pile segment of the pile.
  • the clamping means is set up to be anchored to a foundation body located above the pile.
  • the foundation body is preferably part of a pile foundation.
  • a structure, such as a wind turbine, can be located on the foundation body.
  • the tensioning means can be anchored in an end section of the pile segment.
  • the tensioning means can be anchored to the pile segment at a distance from the end sections of the pile segment.
  • the clamping device is preferably anchored back on the upper side of the foundation body.
  • the foundation body can be a foundation plate, for example.
  • the pile can be dismantled by removing at least one pile segment by loosening the anchorage of the tensioning device and then pulling out the released pile segment.
  • the pile segment can be pulled out by means of a lifting device.
  • the lifting device can for example be a hydraulic lifting device.
  • the object on which the invention is based is also achieved by a method of the type mentioned at the outset, a pile coupling of the pile being achieved within the scope of the method according to the invention, by means of which at least two pile segments of the pile are connected to one another.
  • at least one pile segment of the pile segments previously connected to one another by means of the pile coupling is removed from the ground.
  • the pile coupling is preferably released without its prior external exposure.
  • the method according to the invention is preferably used to dismantle a pile foundation in which at least one pile is designed according to one of the embodiments described above.
  • a pile foundation in which at least one pile is designed according to one of the embodiments described above.
  • the pile coupling can be released by loosening the anchorage of the clamping device before the foundation body is demolished if the clamping device extends through a foundation channel of the foundation body and is anchored at the top or just below the top of the foundation body.
  • the pile coupling can also be released during or after the demolition of the foundation body of the pile foundation.
  • the method according to the invention is furthermore advantageously developed in that a release tool is introduced into a channel which extends in the longitudinal direction through a pile segment.
  • the release mechanism of the pile coupling is preferably actuated to release the pile coupling, in particular by means of the release tool extending through the channel in the pile segment.
  • the release mechanism of the pile coupling is subjected to pressure, tension and / or torsion or the release mechanism of the pile coupling is subjected to thermal stress in order to release the pile coupling.
  • the compressive, tensile and / or torsional stress is preferably carried out by means of the release tool.
  • the heat input into the release mechanism for thermal release of the release mechanism can also be introduced via the release tool.
  • a fracture instrument and / or a disintegrant is introduced into a channel which extends in the longitudinal direction through a post segment of the post.
  • a thermal and / or mechanical breaking load is applied to one or more predetermined breaking points of the pile coupling to release the pile coupling, in particular by means of the breaking instrument extending through the channel and / or by igniting the explosive introduced into the channel.
  • one or more predetermined breaking points of the pile coupling are caused to break in order to release the pile coupling, the breaking being preferably caused by thermal and / or mechanical loading of the one or more predetermined breaking points takes place above a breaking threshold.
  • the method according to the invention is further advantageously developed in that a deformation instrument and / or a disintegrant is introduced into a channel which extends in the longitudinal direction through a pile segment.
  • a thermal and / or mechanical deformation load is applied to one or more deformation bodies of the pile coupling to release the pile coupling, in particular by means of the deformation instrument extending through the canal and / or by igniting the explosive introduced into the canal.
  • a method is also preferred in which a deformation of one or more deformation bodies of the pile coupling is caused to release them, the deformation being caused preferably by thermal and / or mechanical loading of the one or more deformation bodies above a deformation threshold.
  • a method according to the invention is advantageous in which, in order to release a pile segment from the pile coupling, a releasing movement is carried out on the pile segment, the releasing movement preferably being a rotary movement.
  • a clamping means of the pile coupling for releasing a pile segment can be loosened or destroyed, the clamping means clamping the pile segments connected to one another by means of the pile coupling before loosening or destroying them.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the pile according to the invention in a schematic sectional view
  • FIG. 1 shows a pile foundation 100 with a foundation body 102 designed as a foundation plate.
  • a structure 104 is located on the foundation body 102, a wind power installation in the figure shown here.
  • the pile foundation 100 is a pile foundation in which the structural loads are diverted over several piles 10.
  • the pile 10 shown is a driven pile which is composed of several pile segments 12a, 12b.
  • the front end sections 14a, 14b of the pile segments 12a, 12b are with a
  • Pile coupling 16 connected so that the pile coupling 16 is arranged between the pile segments 12a, 12b.
  • the pile segments 12a, 12b are made of reinforced concrete and can have transverse reinforcement and / or longitudinal reinforcement.
  • the pile segment 12a is cranked at an upper end, so that the reinforcement of the pile segment 12a during the construction of the
  • Pile foundation 100 could be embedded in the foundation body 102.
  • the pile segment 12a is crimped, there is a risk that an inner pipe segment 20 of the pile segment 12a will be damaged, for example bent or perforated. For this reason, the pipe segment 20 is to be examined for corresponding damage after the pile segment 12a has been crimped. If there is corresponding damage, the damaged pipe section must be repaired with an intact pipe section. Furthermore, the damaged pipe section can also be repaired before the foundation body 102 is built.
  • the pile coupling 16 can be released for subsequent removal of the pile segment 12a after the pile segments 12a, 12b have been introduced into the subsurface U without external exposure.
  • the pile coupling 16 ensures a tensile force connection between the pile segments 12a, 12b.
  • the connection between the pile segments 12a, 12b also allows the absorption of transverse forces and bending moments.
  • the pile segment 12a connected to the pile coupling 16 is released from the pile coupling 16.
  • a release mechanism for example, which can be actuated by means of a release tool.
  • securing elements such as securing bolts or securing pins can be moved or destroyed in such a way that the post segment 12a can be removed from the subsurface U.
  • the pile segment 12a has a channel 18 which extends in the longitudinal direction through the pile segment 12a and via which the pile coupling 16 is accessible.
  • the pile segment 12a thus has a cavity which connects an upper opening with a lower opening, the pile coupling 16 resting against the lower opening.
  • the channel 18 is surrounded by a pipe segment 20 which extends in the longitudinal direction through the pile segment 12a.
  • the release tool can be used via the channel 18 to actuate the release mechanism of the pile coupling 16, so that remote actuation of the pile coupling 16 can be implemented via the release tool.
  • the channel 18 has a guide for the release tool, so that when the release tool is inserted into the channel 18, it is aligned in a suitable manner for actuating the pile coupling 16.
  • the channel 16 has a protective cover 22 by means of which an unintentional entry of material into the channel 18 can be avoided.
  • a protective cover 22 by means of which an unintentional entry of material into the channel 18 can be avoided.
  • complete or partial filling of the channel 16 can also be provided.
  • the backfill is preferably a temporary backfill.
  • the protective cover 22 thus prevents the channel 18 from being filled up during the construction and during the dismantling of the foundation body 102.
  • the channel 18 of the pile 10 is to be exposed by breaking off the foundation body 102 so that the release tool after removing the protective cover 22 for releasing the pile coupling 16 into the Channel 18 of the pile segment 12a can be inserted.
  • the release tool can have a hydraulic, pneumatic and / or electric drive so that a sufficiently high actuating force is available.
  • the pile coupling 16 can have one or more predetermined breaking points.
  • a breaking instrument or an explosive can be introduced through the channel 18 so that the one or more predetermined breaking points of the pile coupling 16 are subjected to a thermal and / or mechanical breaking load by means of the breaking instrument or by igniting the introduced explosive can be.
  • the thermal and / or mechanical breaking load causes the one or more predetermined breaking points to break, as a result of which the pile coupling 16 is released.
  • the pile coupling 16 has one or more deformation bodies which are to be deformed in order to release the pile coupling 16.
  • a deformation instrument or a disintegrant can be introduced via the channel 18 so that the one or more deformation bodies can be deformed by means of the deformation instrument or by igniting the introduced disintegrant.
  • the induced deformation of the one or more deformation bodies then ensures that the pile coupling 16 is released, so that the pile segment 12a can be removed from the subsurface U as part of the dismantling of the pile foundation 100.
  • the pile 10 of the pile foundation 100 shown in FIG. 2 also comprises a plurality of pile segments 12a, 12b, the pile segment 12a in this case not having a channel extending in the longitudinal direction.
  • the connection of the pile segment 12a to the pile coupling 16 can in this case be released by a releasing movement 26 of the pile segment 12a.
  • the release movement 26 is a rotary movement about the axis of rotation 24.
  • the releasable pile segment 12a has, for example, a thread in a lower end section 14a.
  • the end section 14a of the pile segment 12a is screwed into the pile coupling 16.
  • the pile segment 12a can be unscrewed from the pile coupling 16 as part of the dismantling process and removed from the subsurface U.
  • the pile 10 shown in FIG. 3 also comprises a plurality of pile segments 12a-12c.
  • the pile segments 12a-12c are connected to one another by means of a pile coupling 16.
  • the pile coupling 16 comprises a releasable tensioning means 28 which braces the pile segments 12a-12c with one another.
  • the pile segments 12a-12c are arranged directly one above the other and are pressed against one another by the bracing.
  • the pile segments 12b, 12c have frontal material projections 32b, 32c, the material projections 32b, 32c being, for example, locking pins.
  • the material projections 32b, 32c protrude into recesses of the respective adjacent pile segment 12a, 12b.
  • the material projections 32b, 32c ensure the positional security and the transverse force absorption of the pile segments 12a-12c when driving into the subsoil U.
  • the material projections can not protrude from the segment below, but lie in the segment above and reach downwards.
  • the pile segments 12a, 12b each have a channel 18a, 18b extending in the longitudinal direction through the pile segments 12a, 12b, the tensioning means 28 extending through the channels 18a, 18b and through a foundation channel in the foundation body 102.
  • the channels 18a, 18b are surrounded by pipe segments 20a, 20b which are embedded in the pile segments 12a, 12b.
  • a channel for the clamping means 28 can also be provided in the pipe segment 12c.
  • the tensioning means 28 can be, for example, a tensioning wire or a tensioning rod.
  • the tensioning means 28 is anchored to the pile segment 12c via a lower anchorage 30. Furthermore, the tensioning means 28 is anchored to the foundation body 102 via an upper anchorage 106.
  • the anchorage 106 of the tensioning means 28 must be loosened. This usually takes place before or when the foundation body 102 is demolished. After the anchoring 106 has been loosened and the foundation body 102 has been removed the pile segments 12a, 12b can be pulled out of the subsurface U.
  • the pile segments 12a, 12b can be pulled out, for example, by means of a lifting device, wherein the lifting device can be a hydraulic lifting device.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un pieu (10) destiné à une fondation sur pieux (100), ayant une pluralité de segments de pieu (12a, 12b) et au moins un couplage de pieu (16) au moyen duquel au moins deux segments de pieu (12a, 12b) sont reliés l'un à l'autre. Dans ledit pieu, il est possible de libérer le couplage de pieu (16) de sorte que, une fois les segments de pieu (12a, 12b) ont été introduits dans le sol sous-jacent (U), au moins un segment de pieu (12a) des segments de pieu (12a, 12b) reliés l'un à l'autre au moyen du couplage de pieu (16) peut être retiré ultérieurement.
PCT/EP2021/055818 2020-03-11 2021-03-08 Fondation sur pieux WO2021180667A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020106603.1A DE102020106603A1 (de) 2020-03-11 2020-03-11 Rückbaubarer Pfahl für eine Pfahlgründung
DE102020106603.1 2020-03-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021180667A1 true WO2021180667A1 (fr) 2021-09-16

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ID=74859937

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PCT/EP2021/055818 WO2021180667A1 (fr) 2020-03-11 2021-03-08 Fondation sur pieux

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DE (1) DE102020106603A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021180667A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2428729A1 (de) * 1974-06-14 1975-12-18 Holzmann Philipp Ag Verfahren zum ausbauen von verpressankern und verpressanker zum durchfuehren dieses verfahrens
JPS58110719A (ja) * 1981-12-24 1983-07-01 Chem Kurauto Kk ア−スアンカ−引抜き方法
JPH01174722A (ja) * 1987-12-28 1989-07-11 Eitetsu Rin 地中アンカーの回収方法とそのための分離装置
KR102065742B1 (ko) * 2019-04-29 2020-01-13 주식회사 택한 강관 파일 연결구

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2428729A1 (de) * 1974-06-14 1975-12-18 Holzmann Philipp Ag Verfahren zum ausbauen von verpressankern und verpressanker zum durchfuehren dieses verfahrens
JPS58110719A (ja) * 1981-12-24 1983-07-01 Chem Kurauto Kk ア−スアンカ−引抜き方法
JPH01174722A (ja) * 1987-12-28 1989-07-11 Eitetsu Rin 地中アンカーの回収方法とそのための分離装置
KR102065742B1 (ko) * 2019-04-29 2020-01-13 주식회사 택한 강관 파일 연결구

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