WO2021135195A1 - 一种升降式车架、空中运输车辆以及空中轨道集装箱运输方法 - Google Patents

一种升降式车架、空中运输车辆以及空中轨道集装箱运输方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021135195A1
WO2021135195A1 PCT/CN2020/105226 CN2020105226W WO2021135195A1 WO 2021135195 A1 WO2021135195 A1 WO 2021135195A1 CN 2020105226 W CN2020105226 W CN 2020105226W WO 2021135195 A1 WO2021135195 A1 WO 2021135195A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
lower frame
lifting
container
lock
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/105226
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王全虎
苏利杰
刘爱文
刘伟
陈治国
候建云
汪子恂
罗辉
姚雄
黄恒
宋少波
柯晓乐
冯晔
Original Assignee
中车长江车辆有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中车长江车辆有限公司 filed Critical 中车长江车辆有限公司
Priority to EP20909314.5A priority Critical patent/EP4086129A4/en
Priority to US17/594,863 priority patent/US11731860B2/en
Priority to SG11202111466PA priority patent/SG11202111466PA/en
Priority to AU2020415875A priority patent/AU2020415875B2/en
Priority to BR112021022566A priority patent/BR112021022566A2/pt
Publication of WO2021135195A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021135195A1/zh
Priority to ZA2021/08037A priority patent/ZA202108037B/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B3/00—Elevated railway systems with suspended vehicles
    • B61B3/02—Elevated railway systems with suspended vehicles with self-propelled vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C11/00—Trolleys or crabs, e.g. operating above runways
    • B66C11/02—Trolleys or crabs, e.g. operating above runways with operating gear or operator's cabin suspended, or laterally offset, from runway or track
    • B66C11/04—Underhung trolleys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/101—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means for containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads
    • B61D3/20—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for forwarding containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D45/00—Means or devices for securing or supporting the cargo, including protection against shocks
    • B61D45/007—Fixing containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D47/00—Loading or unloading devices combined with vehicles, e.g. loading platforms, doors convertible into loading and unloading ramps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C19/00—Cranes comprising trolleys or crabs running on fixed or movable bridges or gantries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C9/00—Travelling gear incorporated in or fitted to trolleys or cranes
    • B66C9/02—Travelling gear incorporated in or fitted to trolleys or cranes for underhung trolleys or cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/02—Driving gear
    • B66D1/12—Driving gear incorporating electric motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/02—Driving gear
    • B66D1/14—Power transmissions between power sources and drums or barrels
    • B66D1/20—Chain, belt, or friction drives, e.g. incorporating sheaves of fixed or variable ratio

Definitions

  • the present disclosure belongs to the technical field of logistics transportation, and in particular relates to a lifting frame, an aerial transportation vehicle, and an aerial rail container transportation method.
  • the air rail transportation line may cross roads, rivers, factories, etc. to solve the last-mile container transportation problem.
  • the container is first lifted by ground lifting equipment to connect and assemble with the body of the aerial transport vehicle.
  • This operation mode requires the help of external lifting equipment to complete the connection and assembly of the container and the body.
  • the lifting equipment must be moved to a fixed place that is docked with the car body, and then the container is hoisted to the lifting equipment, and then the lifting equipment is operated to connect the container and the car body, and wait for all the containers and the car body to be connected After the assembly is completed, the lifting equipment needs to be removed, and the operation process is very cumbersome.
  • the present disclosure provides a lifting frame, aerial transportation vehicle, and aerial rail container transportation method to solve the problem of assembly and connection operations between the container and the air transportation vehicle body in the prior art. Trivial technical issues.
  • an elevating frame which may include: an upper frame; a lower frame; a lifting assembly, the upper frame and the lower frame may be connected by the lifting assembly, and
  • the lifting assembly may be provided with two sets opposite to each other along at least the first direction; by operating at least two sets of the lifting assembly, the lower frame and the upper frame can be close to or separated from each other, and each set of the lifting assembly All can include hoisting motors, steel wire ropes and moving pulleys.
  • the lifting motors may be oppositely arranged in the second direction, and both of the lifting motors may be fixedly arranged on the upper frame; the second direction and the first direction may be perpendicular
  • the movable pulley and the hoisting motor can be arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the two movable pulleys are relatively rotatably arranged on the lower frame along the second direction;
  • the steel wire rope and the hoisting motor, the movable pulley It can be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the steel wire rope can have opposite first and second ends; both the first and second ends of the steel wire rope can be wound on the output end of the corresponding hoisting motor, and
  • the movable pulley may be arranged in the middle of the corresponding wire rope; a locking device, the locking device may be arranged on the lower frame; when the lower frame and the upper frame are close to each other, the lock is operated The device can lock the lower frame and the upper frame to each other.
  • each of the lifting components may be provided with a tension sensor.
  • a reel may be fixedly provided on the output shaft of each lifting motor, and both the first end and the second end of the steel wire rope may be wound on the corresponding lifting On the reel of the motor.
  • a brake may be further provided on the lifting motor; the brake and the reel may be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the output end of the brake is operable The ground acts on the reel.
  • the locking device may include: a pivot pin; a lock head, which can be fixedly arranged on the head of the pivot pin; a pivot handle, which can be fixedly arranged on the head of the pivot pin; At the bottom of the pivot pin, a first limiting surface and a second limiting surface may be provided on the circumferential surface of the rotating handle at intervals; the ejector pin, the central axis of the ejector pin and the central axis of the pivot pin may be In parallel arrangement, the top pin can be operably raised and lowered along the central axis of the top pin, and a supporting protrusion can be provided on the top pin; a limit block, the limit block can be fixedly arranged on the top pin And the limit block is operatively matched with the first limit surface or the second limit surface; a return spring, the return spring can be sleeved on the top pin, and the return spring can Is arranged between the support protrusion and the limit block; a driving mechanism,
  • both the top and bottom of the lower frame can be provided with second through holes corresponding to the top pins of the locking device, and the top pins can be on the top and bottom of the lower frame
  • the upper second through hole is telescopic, and the return spring may be arranged between the supporting protrusion and the partition.
  • the pivot pin may also be provided with a lock seat and a bearing platform at intervals; the lock seat and the bearing platform may be sequentially arranged between the lock head and the handle , And there may be a first gap between the lock head and the lock seat; the top of the lower frame may be clamped in the first gap, and there may be a gap between the bearing platform and the handle There is a second gap; the bottom of the lower frame can be clamped in the second gap.
  • a third through hole that cooperates with the locking device may be provided on the bottom of the upper frame, and the third through hole may be configured by the corresponding locking device.
  • the top pin head goes through.
  • the locking device may further include a sleeve, and the sleeve may be fixedly arranged under the bottom of the lower frame; the ejector pin can be telescopic in the sleeve, And the limiting block may be located at the lower part of the sleeve.
  • an air transportation vehicle is provided, and the vehicle may include the elevating frame of the present disclosure.
  • an air rail container transportation method which can be carried out by the air transport vehicle described in the present disclosure
  • the air rail transport vehicle may include a lifting frame
  • the The elevating frame may include an upper frame, a lower frame, a lifting component, and a locking device
  • the lower frame and the upper frame can be moved closer to or separated from each other by operating the lifting component; operating the locking device, The lower frame and the upper frame that are close to each other can be locked to each other
  • the aerial rail container transportation method includes: the aerial transport vehicle stops after being empty-loaded, and the container is located in the aerial transport vehicle Directly below; operate the lifting assembly to separate the upper frame and the lower frame; operate the lifting assembly to make the lower frame fall; open the container anti-drop device on the lower frame; Operate the lock between the lower frame and the container to complete the locking of the lower frame and the container; operate the lifting assembly, the lower frame and the container are raised as a whole;
  • the container anti-falling device on the rack is contracted to make the container anti-falling device
  • the air transportation vehicle includes an elevating frame, and the upper frame of the elevating frame can be suspended on the air track by a bogie, and the lower frame is used to assemble with the container; Operate at least two sets of lifting components to make the lower frame and the upper frame close to or separate from each other; first operate the lower frame and the upper frame in a separated state, then the container is hoisted onto the lower frame; then operate the lower frame and the upper frame.
  • the locking device When the frame is in the close state, the locking device is operated to lock the lower frame and the upper frame to each other; thereby, the assembly and connection of the container air transport vehicle and the container can be realized, and the unloading action of the container can be operated in the opposite direction, thereby solving the problem in the prior art
  • the assembly and connection operation between the container and the body of the air transport vehicle is a cumbersome technical problem.
  • the air transportation vehicle and the air rail container transportation method provided by the present disclosure can realize the assembly connection of the air transportation vehicle and the container through its own equipment, which is simple to operate, has a high degree of automation, and has good practicability.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lift frame in an air transportation vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper frame in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower frame in Figure 1
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking device in Fig. 1.
  • the air transportation vehicle provided by the present disclosure can realize the assembly and connection of the container air transportation vehicle and the container, thereby solving the technical problem that the assembly and connection operation of the container and the air transportation vehicle body in the prior art is relatively complicated.
  • the elevating frame may include a frame, a bogie, and a coupler buffer device; wherein, a plurality of frames may be provided in sequence, and each At least two bogies can be assembled on the frame; two adjacent frame can be connected by a coupler buffer device.
  • the bogie can walk on the aerial track, and then can drive multiple carriages to walk on the aerial track.
  • the bogie can be a non-powered bogie; compared to a bogie with a driving function, the weight of the vehicle can be reduced without affecting the running of the frame.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting frame in an air transportation vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the elevating frame mainly includes an upper frame 1, a lower frame 2, a lifting assembly a, and a locking device b.
  • the upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2 can be relatively locked; when the frame needs to be assembled with the container 4, the upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2 can be operated to separate them.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper frame in Fig. 1.
  • the upper frame 1 may be suspended on the air track by at least two bogies; it may include a first longitudinal beam 1.1, two first cross beams 1.2, and two Two second cross beams 1.3; two first cross beams 1.2 can be oppositely arranged on the first longitudinal beam 1.1 along the length of the container; two second cross beams 1.3 can be oppositely arranged on the first longitudinal beam 1.1 along the length of the container, Moreover, the two second cross beams 1.3 may be located between the two first cross beams 1.2.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower frame in Fig. 1.
  • the lower frame 2 may include a second longitudinal beam 2.1, two third transverse beams 2.2, and two fourth transverse beams; the second longitudinal beam 2.1 may be located at the first Directly below the longitudinal beam 1.1, and two third beams 2.2 can be arranged on the second longitudinal beam 2.1 along the length of the container; two fourth beams 2.3 can be arranged on the second longitudinal beam 2.1 along the length of the container. And the two fourth beams 2.3 are located between the two third beams 2.2; and the two third beams 2.2 may be located directly below the two first beams 1.1, and the two fourth beams 2.3 may be located respectively Directly below the two second beams 2.1.
  • the frame may further include a lifting assembly a; the upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2 are connected by the lifting assembly a, and the lifting assembly a can be at least along a first direction Two sets are arranged oppositely; the lower frame 2 and the upper frame 1 can be close to or separated from each other by operating at least two sets of lifting components a.
  • the first direction may be the length direction of the container.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting assembly a in FIG. 1. 1 and 4, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, each group of lifting components a may include a lifting motor 5, a steel wire 6 and a movable pulley 7; wherein, two lifting motors 5 may be arranged opposite to each other in the second direction.
  • the two lifting motors 5 can be fixedly arranged on the upper frame 1; the second direction can be perpendicular to the first direction; the movable pulley 7 and the lifting motor 5 can be arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the two movable pulleys 7 along the second direction It is relatively rotatably arranged on the lower frame 2; the wire rope 6 and the hoisting motor 5, and the movable pulley 7 can be arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the wire rope 6 can have opposite first and second ends; the first and second ends of the wire rope 6 Both ends can be wound on the output end of the corresponding hoisting motor 5, and the movable pulley 7 can be arranged in the middle of the corresponding wire rope 6.
  • the second direction may be the width direction of the container, and two lifting assemblies a may be arranged oppositely.
  • the lower frame 2 and the upper frame 1 can be fixedly connected or separated by operating at least two sets of lifting components a, thereby realizing the assembly connection between the body of the container aerial rail transportation equipment and the container.
  • the specific operation is:
  • each lifting component may be provided with a tensile force sensor; the tensile force sensor may monitor abnormal conditions, such as overloading, to ensure the reliability of the assembly connection between the container and the vehicle body.
  • a reel 10 may be fixedly provided on the output shaft of each hoisting motor 5; the first end and the second end of the wire rope 6 may be wound on the corresponding On the drum of the hoisting motor, and the driving of the hoisting motor 5 can drive the rotation of the drum 10, so as to realize the winding of the wire rope 6 on the drum 10.
  • the reel 10 may have a built-in reduction gearbox, so that the rotation speed of the reel 10 can be reduced, so that the lifting speed of the lower frame 2 can be reduced, and the lifting stability of the lower frame 2 can be improved.
  • the upper frame 1 may be provided with a reel support 11 corresponding to the reel 10, and the reel 10 is rotatably arranged on the corresponding reel.
  • the tube support 11 is on.
  • the reel support 11 may include two opposite support plates 11.1 and a connecting plate 11.2, and the same side of the two support plates 11.1 can pass through the connecting plate 11.2 connection, which can make the reel support 11 take a U shape as a whole; the reel 10 can be rotatably arranged on the two support plates 11.1, and the connecting plate 11.2 can be bolted to the upper frame to realize the reel The assembly of the tube support 11 on the upper frame 1.
  • a plurality of reinforcing plates 11.3 may also be provided on the connecting plate 11.2, and the plurality of reinforcing plates 11.3 may be arranged in parallel between two supporting plates 11.1; Reinforcing plates 11.3 can all have semi-circular arc grooves, and a connecting cylinder 11.4 can be fixedly arranged in the grooves of multiple reinforcing plates 11.3; the axial ends of the connecting cylinder 11.4 and the two supporting plates 11.4 can be fixedly connected , And the connecting cylinder 11.4 can be semicircular; the reel 10 is rotatably arranged in the connecting cylinder 11.4, and the connecting cylinder 11.4 and a plurality of reinforcing plates 11.3 can strengthen the strength of the reel support 11; the semicircular connection The barrel 11.4 will not hinder the installation of the reel.
  • the two supporting plates 11.1 and one connecting plate 11.2 constituting the reel support 11 may be integrally formed to improve the strength of the reel support 11.
  • the lifting motor 5 may also be provided with a brake, and the brake and the drum 10 may be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the output end of the brake may be It acts on the reel 10 operationally; when the lifting motor 5 stops working, the output end of the brake 6 can act on the reel 10, which can prevent the reel 10 from running again due to factors such as container gravity and improve safety.
  • the brake can also be arranged on the upper frame 1; the brake can be a brake motor.
  • other types of braking devices can be selected for the braking member, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the reel support 11 can be connected to the side of the first longitudinal beam 1.1, and the two movable pulleys 7 of each group of lifting assembly a can be rotatably arranged on the first side through the corresponding bracket 8. Two stringers 2.1 on the side.
  • the elevating frame may further include a locking device b; the locking device b may be provided on the lower frame 2; when the lower frame 2 and the upper frame 1 are close to each other, operating the locking device b, The lower frame 2 and the upper frame 1 can be locked to each other.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking device in Fig. 1. 1 and 5, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the locking device b may mainly include a rotating pin assembly, a fixed pin assembly, and a driving assembly.
  • the pivot assembly may include a pivot pin 13, a lock head 14, and a pivot 15; wherein, the top of the lower frame 2 and the bottom of the lower frame 2 A first through hole 32 corresponding to the pivot pin 13 may be provided, and the pivot pin 13 may be fixed through the top of the lower frame 2 and the corresponding first through hole on the bottom of the lower frame 2; the lock 14 may be fixedly provided At the head of the pivot pin 13, and the lock head 14 can be rotated in the corresponding lock hole; the lock hole can be arranged at the bottom of the upper frame 1; the handle 15 can be fixedly arranged at the bottom of the pivot pin 13; A first limit surface and a second limit surface may be provided on the circumferential surface at intervals, and the handle 15 may be located under the bottom of the lower frame 2.
  • the pivot pin assembly may include a top pin 16, a limit block 17, and a return spring 18; wherein, the center axis of the top pin 16 and the center axis of the pivot pin 13 It can be arranged in parallel, and both the top of the lower frame 2 and the bottom of the lower frame 2 can be provided with a second through hole corresponding to the top pin 16; the top pin 16 can be placed on the top of the lower frame 2 and the bottom of the lower frame 2.
  • the second through hole on the bottom is telescopic, that is, the top pin 16 can be operably raised and lowered along the central axis of the top pin 16; the top pin 16 may have a supporting protrusion 19, and the limit block 17 may be fixedly arranged on the top pin 16
  • the limit block 17 can be located below the bottom of the lower frame 2; the limit block 17 can operably cooperate with the first limit surface or the second limit surface to lock the handle 15; the return spring 18 can be sleeved in The top pin 16 and the return spring 18 can be arranged between the supporting protrusion 19 and the limiting block 17.
  • the return spring 18 may be disposed between the support protrusion 19 and the bottom of the lower frame 2, that is, the upper end of the return spring 18 may be connected with the support protrusion 19 And the lower end of the return spring 18 can be arranged on the bottom of the lower frame.
  • the driving assembly may mainly include a driving mechanism; the output end of the driving mechanism may be connected to the rotation handle 15, and the operation of the driving mechanism can drive the rotation handle 15 to rotate.
  • the lower frame 2 when the upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2 need to be locked, the lower frame 2 can be controlled to rise through the lifting assembly a, so that the lock on the pivot pin 13 on the lower frame 2
  • the head 14 passes through the corresponding lock hole on the upper frame 1, and at this time, the top pin 16 is pressed down by the upper frame 1, and the limit block 17 is simultaneously pressed down, so that the handle 15 on the lower frame 2 is unlocked ;
  • the return spring 18 is in a compressed state; operating the drive mechanism can drive the handle 15 to rotate a certain angle, and then the lock 14 also rotates a certain angle, so that the lock 14 cannot be removed from the lock hole on the upper frame 1 Falling off; then the lower frame 2 can be controlled by the lifting assembly a to drop to a small height, and the return spring 18 is reset, thereby driving the top pin 16 and the limit block 17 to reset; at this time, the limit block 17 can be matched with the rotating handle 15, The handle 15 can be mechanically locked by the limit block 17; the
  • the peripheral surface of the lock head 14 may be provided with two cut surfaces 20 opposite to each other, and the peripheral surface of the lock head 14 may also be provided with two limiting protrusions opposite to each other. 21; the limiting protrusion 21 can be located between the two cut surfaces 20, and the distance between the two cutting surfaces 20 can be less than the width of the keyhole; the distance between the two restricting protrusions 21 can be greater than the width of the keyhole, And can be less than the length of the lock hole; when the pivot pin 13 is in the unlocked state, the lock head 14 can move and retract in the lock hole; when the pivot pin 13 is in the locked state, the two limit protrusions 21 can be hung on the first The cover cannot be moved or retracted in the lock hole to ensure the reliability of the lock.
  • the pivot pin 13 may also be provided with a lock seat 22 and a bearing platform 23 at intervals; the lock seat 22 and the bearing platform 23 may be sequentially provided on the lock head 14 and the pivot handle.
  • the lock base 22 and the bearing platform 23 may be spherically fitted, that is, the pivot pin 13 may be divided into two parts; the lock base 22 and above may be the first part, and the bearing platform 23 may be The second part; the first part can have a first gap between the lock head 14 and the lock base 22, and the first part can be connected with the top of the lower frame 2; and the second part can pass between the bearing platform 23 and the handle 15
  • the second part can be connected to the bottom of the lower frame 2; at the same time, the lock base 22 and the bearing platform 23 can be spherically matched, that is, the first part and the second part can be spherically matched, so that the first part can be opposite to each other.
  • the second part floats to adapt to the impact when the upper frame and the lower frame are locked, which has good practicability.
  • the bottom of the lock seat 22 may adopt a spherical concave surface
  • the top of the bearing platform 23 may adopt a spherical convex surface
  • the bottom of the lock seat 22 may adopt a spherical convex surface
  • the top of the carrying platform 23 may adopt a spherical concave surface, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the first through hole through which the pivot pin 13 passes on the top of the lower frame 2 may be provided as a waist-shaped hole, so that the first part can have a conical swing in the first through hole. .
  • a first positioning block 24 may also be provided on the pivot pin 13; the first positioning block 24 may be fixedly provided at the bottom of the pivot pin 13, and the first positioning block 24 The block 24 can be arranged close to the rotating handle 15 so that the rotating handle 15 can be locked, and the reliability of the connection of the rotating handle 15 can be ensured.
  • the first positioning block 24 may take the form of a transverse bolt or a split pin, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface spaced apart on the circumferential surface of the rotating handle 15 may be in the form of grooves; when the limiting block 17 is located in the groove, it is sufficient Limit the rotation of the handle 15.
  • a third through hole may also be provided on the bottom of the upper frame 1; the third through hole may be penetrated by the head of the top pin, and can provide a guide for the movement of the top pin 16.
  • the ejector pin assembly may further include a sleeve 25; the sleeve 25 may be fixedly arranged at the bottom of the partition 17, and the ejector pin 16 may be in the sleeve 25 Telescopic; the limit block 17 can be located at the lower part of the sleeve 25.
  • the limit block 17 can be set against the bottom of the sleeve 25, that is, the sleeve 25 has a limit effect, which can make the limit block 17 be in a predetermined locking position and ensure the reliability of locking.
  • a second positioning block 26 may be further provided on the top pin 16, and the second positioning block 26 may be fixedly disposed at the bottom of the top pin 16; the second positioning block 26 can be set close to the limit block 17, so that the limit block 17 can be locked tightly, and the reliability of the connection of the limit block 17 can be ensured.
  • the second positioning block 26 may take the form of a transverse bolt or a split pin, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the angle at which the rotating handle 15 is driven by the driving mechanism to rotate may be set to 90°. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the angle at which the rotating handle 15 is driven by the driving mechanism to rotate may also be other set angles, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the driving mechanism may include a driving member 27, a first link 28, and a second link 29; the output end of the driving member 27 can perform linear reciprocating motion, and the first A connecting rod 28 may be L-shaped; the output end of the driving member 27 and one end of the first connecting rod 28 are rotatably connected, and the other end of the first connecting rod 28 and one end of the second connecting rod 29 are rotatably connected; second The other end of the connecting rod 22 and the rotating handle 15 are rotatably connected; in this way, the rotation of the rotating handle 15 can be realized by controlling the output end of the driving member 27 to work.
  • the driving mechanism may further include a third link 30 and a fourth link 31; one end of the third link 30 may be connected to the corner of the first link 28 And the other end of the third link 30 can extend away from the second link 22; the other end of the third link 30 and one end of the fourth link 31 are rotatably connected, and the fourth link 31 and The other rotating handle 15 can be rotatably connected; in this way, the rotation of the two rotating handles 15 can be realized through a driving member 27, thereby realizing the driving of the two locking devices.
  • the elevating frame may further include two opposite and fixed guide plates 12, and the third link 30 can move through the two guide plates 12; in this way, the third link 30 It can be a linear motion, thereby miniaturizing the fourth link 31 and the second link 22 to optimize the arrangement of the lower frame.
  • the guide plate 12 can be fixed between the top and bottom of the lower frame 2, and the driving member 27 can also be fixed on the fixing seat 9; the fixing seat 9 can be fixedly arranged on the lower frame 2 Between the top and bottom.
  • the driving member may be selected as a servo electric push rod, or other mechanisms, such as hydraulic cylinders, etc., which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • a position sensor corresponding to the limit block 17 may be provided on the lower frame; when the limit block 17 drops to a preset position, it can be controlled by the corresponding position sensor , And then the limit block 17 can control the driving part to start working, which has the characteristics of automatic operation.
  • each third cross beam 2.2 and each fourth cross beam 2.3 may be provided with a locking device, and the driving member of the locking device can extend and contract in the transverse direction.
  • the lower frame and the container can be assembled and connected by a lock; the lock is the same as the lock that connects the container to the aerial vehicle through a jacking device in the prior art. Do restrictions.
  • container anti-falling devices 3 may be provided at both ends of the third cross beam 4.3; when the lower frame and the container are assembled, the container anti-falling device will drag the container, In order to improve the safety of container transshipment.
  • the specific structure of the container anti-falling device has been described in the patent application with the application number "201811638159.0" and the name "Container anti-falling device”. Go into details.
  • the air rail container transportation method can be performed by using the air transportation vehicle described in the present disclosure.
  • the aerial rail transport vehicle includes an elevating frame, the elevating frame includes an upper frame, a lower frame, a lifting assembly, and a locking device; by operating the lifting assembly, the lower frame and the upper frame can be operated.
  • the vehicle frames are close to or separated from each other; operating the locking device can lock the lower frame and the upper frame that are close to each other; the method includes: the air transportation vehicle stops after it travels in place without load, The container is located directly under the aerial transport vehicle; the lifting assembly is operated to separate the upper frame and the lower frame, and the lower frame is lowered to a preset height; the disembarkation is completed Lock the frame and the container; operate the lifting assembly to make the lower frame and the container ascend as a whole; operate the locking device to lock the upper frame and the lower frame; the air After the transport vehicle completes the packing process, the transport starts.
  • the specific steps of using the air transportation vehicle provided by the present disclosure to hoist a container may be:
  • the air transport vehicle stops when it reaches its position with no load.
  • the container is located directly under the vehicle ⁇ Operate the lifting assembly to separate the upper frame and the lower frame ⁇ Operate the lifting assembly to make the lower frame fall ⁇ Anti-dropping of the container on the lower frame
  • Open the device ⁇ operate the lock between the lower frame and the container to complete the lock between the lower frame and the container ⁇ operate the lifting assembly, the lower frame and the container rise as a whole ⁇ the container anti-fall device on the lower frame shrinks to prevent the container from falling
  • the device drags the container ⁇ operates the lifting assembly and the locking device to lock the upper frame and the lower frame ⁇ the air transport vehicle starts the transportation after the packing process is completed. The process of unloading is reversed.
  • the air transportation vehicle provided by the present disclosure can realize the assembly connection between the air transportation vehicle and the container through its own equipment.
  • the operation is simple, and the degree of automation is high, and it has good practicability.

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Abstract

一种升降式车架以及空中运输车辆。其中，空中运输车辆包括升降式车架，而车架包括上车架（1）、下车架（2）、提升组件（a）以及锁定装置（b）；其中，上车架和下车架通过提升组件连接，提升组件至少沿第一方向相对设置有两组，通过操作至少两组提升组件可使下车架和上车架相互靠近或分离，锁定装置设置在下车架上，当下车架和上车架相互靠近时，操作锁定装置，可使下车架和上车架相互锁定。该空中运输车辆通过自身设备即可实现上空中运输车辆同集装箱的装配连接，操作简单，自动化程度高，具有很好的实用性。

Description

一种升降式车架、空中运输车辆以及空中轨道集装箱运输方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2019年12月31提交、申请号为201911417527.3且名称为“升降式车架以及空中运输车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用合并于此。
技术领域
本公开内容属于物流运输技术领域，尤其涉及一种升降式车架、空中运输车辆以及空中轨道集装箱运输方法。
背景技术
目前，我国港口集疏体系主要依靠公路完成(公路占比高达84％)，公路运输环境污染大、运输成本高，特别是对集装箱港口最后一公里的设施衔接问题，已经成为我国综合交通运输体系发展的首要难题。
为了解决上述技术问题，现有技术中新兴了一种应用于港口集装箱物流的空中轨道运输设备，空中轨道运输线路可能跨越公路、河流、厂区等，以解决最后一公里的集装箱运输问题。
在实现本公开内容的过程中，申请人发现现有技术中采用的空中轨道运输集装箱至少存在着以下不足：
现有技术中，先通过地面顶升设备将集装箱顶升，以与空中运输车辆的车体连接装配，此种操作方式需要借助外界顶升设备，才能完成集装箱和车体的连接装配。操作时，需先将顶升设备移动至和车体对接的固定地点，再将集装箱吊装至顶升设备上，随后操作顶升设备将集装箱和车体连接装配，待所有的集装箱和车体连接装配完成后，还需要将顶升设备移走，操作过程非常繁琐。
因此，需对现有技术进行改进，提供一种升降式车架和空中运输车辆以及空中轨道集装箱运输方法，以解决现有技术中集装箱同空中运输车辆的车体的装配连接操作较为繁琐的技术问题
发明内容
针对上述现有技术存在的问题，本公开内容提供了一种升降式车架和空中运输车辆以及空中轨道集装箱运输方法，以解决现有技术中集装箱同空中运输车辆的车体的装配连接操作较为繁琐的技术问题。
在本公开内容的一个方面，提供了一种升降式车架，其可以包括：上车架；下车架；提升组件，所述上车架和所述下车架可以通过提升组件连接，并且所述提升组件至少沿第一方向可以相对设置有两组；通过操作至少两组所述提升组件可使所述下车架和所述上车架相互靠近或分离，并且每组所述提升组件均可以包括提升电机、钢丝绳以及动滑轮。其中：所述提升电机沿第二方向可以相对设置有两个，并且两个所述提升电机均可以固定设置在所述上车架上；所述第二方向和所述第一方向可以相垂直；所述动滑轮和所述提升电机可以一一对应设置，并且两个所述动滑轮沿第二方向相对可转动地设置在所述下车架上；所述钢丝绳和所述提升电机、所述动滑轮可以一一对应设置，并且所述钢丝绳可以具有相对的第一端和第二端；所述钢丝绳的第一端和第二端均可以缠绕在对应的所述提升电机的输出端上，并且所述动滑轮可以设置在对应的所述钢丝绳的中部；锁定装置，所述锁定装置可以设置在所述下车架上；当所述下车架和所述上车架相互靠近时，操作所述锁定装置，可使所述下车架和所述上车架相互锁定。
在本公开内容的一些实施方式中，每个所述提升组件均可以设置有拉力传感器。
在本公开内容的一些实施方式中，每个所述提升电机的输出轴上均可以固定设置有一个卷筒，并且所述钢丝绳的第一端以及第二端均可以缠绕在对应的所述提升电机的所述卷筒上。
更在本公开内容的一些实施方式中，所述提升电机上还可以设置有制动件；所述制动件和所述卷筒可以一一对应设置，所述制动件的输出端可操作地作用在所述卷筒上。
在本公开内容的一些实施方式中，所述锁定装置可以包括：转销；锁头，所述锁头可以固定设置在所述转销的头部；转柄，所述转柄可以固定设置在所述转销的底部，所述转柄的周面上可以间隔设置有第一限 位面和第二限位面；顶销，所述顶销的中心轴和所述转销的中心轴可以平行设置，所述顶销可操作地沿所述顶销的中心轴升降，并且所述顶销上可以设置有支撑凸起；限位块，所述限位块可以固定设置在所述顶销的底部，并且所述限位块可操作地与所述第一限位面或第二限位面相配合；复位弹簧，所述复位弹簧可以套装在所述顶销上，并且所述复位弹簧可以设置在所述支撑凸起和限位块之间；驱动机构，所述驱动机构的输出端可以和所述转柄连接，并且操作所述驱动机构可带动所述转柄转动；所述上车架的底部可以设置有和所述锁定装置对应的锁孔，并且所述锁定装置的锁头可在对应的所述锁孔内转动；所述下车架的顶部以及底部上均可以设置有和所述锁定装置的转销对应的第一通孔，而所述转销可以固定穿过所述下车架的顶部以及底部上对应的第一通孔，并且所述转柄可以位于所述下车架的底部下方；所述下车架的顶部以及底部均可以设置有和所述锁定装置的顶销对应的第二通孔，而所述顶销可在所述下车架的顶部以及底部上的第二通孔内伸缩，并且所述复位弹簧可以设置在所述支撑凸起和所述隔板之间。
在本公开内容的一些实施方式中，所述转销上还可以间隔设置有锁座以及承载台；所述锁座以及所述承载台可以依次设置在所述锁头和所述转柄之间，并且所述锁头和所述锁座之间可以具有第一间隙；所述下车架的顶部可以卡设在所述第一间隙中，并且所述承载台和所述转柄之间可以具有第二间隙；所述下车架的底部可以卡设在所述第二间隙中。
在本公开内容的一些实施方式中，所述锁座和所述承载台之间可以为球面配合。
在本公开内容的一些实施方式中，所述上车架的底部上还可以设置有和所述锁定装置相配合的第三通孔，并且所述第三通孔可以被对应的所述锁定装置的顶销头部穿过。
在本公开内容的一些实施方式中，所述锁定装置还可以包括套筒，并且所述套筒可以固定设置在所述下车架底部下方；所述顶销可在所述套筒内伸缩，并且所述限位块可以位于所述套筒下部。
在本公开内容的另一个方面，提供了一种空中运输车辆，所述车辆可以包括本公开内容所述升降式车架。
在本公开内容的又一个方面，提供了一种空中轨道集装箱运输方法，所述方法可以利用本公开内容所述的空中运输车辆进行；所述空中轨道运输车辆可以包括升降式车架，所述升降式车架可以包括上车架、下车架、提升组件以及锁定装置；通过操作所述提升组件可使所述下车架和所述上车架相互靠近或分离；操作所述锁定装置，可使处于相互靠近的所述下车架和所述上车架相互锁定；所述空中轨道集装箱运输方法包括：所述空中运输车辆空载行驶到位后停止，所述集装箱位于所述空中运输车辆正下方；操作所述提升组件，使所述上车架和所述下车架分离；操作所示提升组件，使所述下车架下落；所述下车架上的集装箱防坠装置打开；操作所述下车架和所述集装箱之间的锁具，完成所述下车架与所述集装箱的锁定；操作所述提升组件，所述下车架与所述集装箱整体上升；所述下车架上的所述集装箱防坠装置收缩，使所述集装箱防坠装置拖住所述集装箱；操作所述提升组件和所述锁定装置，使所述上车架和所述下车架锁定；所述空中运输车辆完成装箱过程后启动运输。
本公开内容的有益效果至少包括以下内容：
首先，本公开内容提供的空中运输车辆，其包括升降式车架，而升降式车架的上车架可通过转向架悬挂在空中轨道上，并且下车架是用于和集装箱装配的；通过操作至少两组提升组件可使下车架和上车架相互靠近或分离；先操作下车架和上车架处于分离状态，此时集装箱吊装至下车架上；然后操作下车架和上车架处于靠近状态，操作锁定装置，使下车架和上车架相互锁定；进而实现集装箱空中运输车辆同集装箱的装配连接，而集装箱的卸载动作相反操作即可，从而解决了现有技术中集装箱同空中运输车辆的车体的装配连接操作较为繁琐的技术问题。
其次，本公开内容提供的空中运输车辆和空中轨道集装箱运输方法，通过自身设备即可实现空中运输车辆同集装箱的装配连接，操作简单，且自动化程度高，具有很好的实用性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开内容实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实 施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开内容的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为依据本公开内容实施例的空中运输车辆中的升降式车架的结构示意图；
图2为图1中的上车架的结构示意图；
图3为图1中的下车架的结构示意图
图4为依据本公开内容实施例的提升组件的结构示意图；以及
图5为图1中的锁定装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开内容实施例中的附图，对本公开内容实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开内容一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开内容中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开内容保护的范围。
本公开内容提供的空中运输车辆，能实现集装箱空中运输车辆同集装箱的装配连接，从而解决了现有技术中集装箱同空中运输车辆的车体的装配连接操作较为繁琐的技术问题。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，依据本公开内容的一些实施例的升降式车架，可以包括车架、转向架、车钩缓冲装置；其中，车架可依次设置有多个，并且每个车架上均可以装配有至少两个转向架；相邻的两个车架之间可以通过车钩缓冲装置连接。转向架可在空中轨道上行走，进而可以带动多个车架在空中轨道上行走。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，转向架可以选用非动力转向架；相比于具有驱动功能的转向架，在不影响车架行走的前提下，可减轻车辆重量。
图1为依据本公开内容实施例的空中运输车辆中的升降式车架的结构示意图。如图1所示，升降式车架主要可以包括上车架1、下车架2、提升组件a以及锁定装置b。当车架在空中轨道上行走时，上车架1和下 车架2可相对锁定；当车架需要装配集装箱4时，可以操作上车架1和下车架2，使二者分离。
图2为图1中的上车架的结构示意图。如图2所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，上车架1可以通过至少两个转向架悬挂在空中轨道上；其可以包括第一纵梁1.1、两个第一横梁1.2以及两个第二横梁1.3；两个第一横梁1.2可以沿集装箱的长度方向相对设置在第一纵梁1.1上；两个第二横梁1.3可以沿集装箱的长度方向相对设置在第一纵梁1.1上，且，两个第二横梁1.3可以位于两个第一横梁1.2之间。
图3为图1中的下车架的结构示意图。如图3所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，下车架2可以包括第二纵梁2.1、两个第三横梁2.2以及两个第四横梁；第二纵梁2.1可以位于第一纵梁1.1的正下方，并且两个第三横梁2.2可以沿集装箱的长度方向相对设置在第二纵梁2.1上；两个第四横梁2.3可以沿集装箱的长度方向相对设置在第二纵梁2.1上，且，两个第四横梁2.3位于两个第三横梁2.2之间；且两个第三横梁2.2分别可以位于两个第一横梁1.1的正下方，并且两个第四横梁2.3分别可以位于两个第二横梁2.1的正下方。
如图1所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，车架还可以包括提升组件a；上车架1和下车架2通过提升组件a连接，并且提升组件a至少沿第一方向可以相对设置有两组；通过操作至少两组提升组件a可使下车架2和上车架1相互靠近或分离。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第一方向可以为集装箱的长度方向。
图4为图1中的提升组件a的结构示意图。结合图1以及图4，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，每组提升组件a均可以包括提升电机5、钢丝绳6以及动滑轮7；其中，提升电机5沿第二方向可以相对设置有两个，并且两个提升电机5均可以固定设置在上车架1上；第二方向可以和第一方向相垂直；动滑轮7和提升电机5可以一一对应设置，并且两个动滑轮7沿第二方向相对可转动地设置在下车架2上；钢丝绳6和提升电机5、动滑轮7可以一一对应设置，并且钢丝绳6可以具有相对的第一端和第二端；钢丝绳6的第一端和第二端均可以缠绕在对应的提升电机5 的输出端上，并且动滑轮7可以设置在对应的钢丝绳6的中部。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第二方向可以为集装箱的宽度方向，提升组件a可相对设置有两个。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，通过操作至少两组提升组件a可使下车架2和上车架1固定连接或分离，进而实现集装箱空中轨道运输设备的车体同集装箱的装配连接，具体操作为：
控制提升电机5的输出端转动，使同组的钢丝绳6伸长，进而使同组的动滑轮7下放，带动下车架2下放至预设高度；完成集装箱同下车架2的装配后，控制提升电机5的输出端反向转动，使同组的钢丝绳6上升，进而使同组的动滑轮7上升，带动装配有集装箱的下车架2上升；完成上车架1和下车架2的锁定后，即完成了车架同集装箱的装配连接；集装箱的卸载动作相反操作即可。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，每个提升组件均可以可设置有拉力传感器；拉力传感器可监控异常状态，如超载等状况，以保证集装箱同车体装配连接的可靠性。
结合图1以及图4，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，每个提升电机5的输出轴上均可以固定设置有一个卷筒10；钢丝绳6的第一端以及第二端可以缠绕在对应的提升电机的卷筒上，并且提升电机5的驱动可带动卷筒10的转动，进而实现钢丝绳6在卷筒10上的收卷。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，卷筒10可内置减速箱，这样可以降低卷筒10的转速，从而可使下车架2的升降速度降低，以提高下车架2升降的稳定性。
结合图1以及图4，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，上车架1上可以设置有和卷筒10一一对应的卷筒支座11，卷筒10可转动地设置在对应的卷筒支座11上。
结合图1以及图4，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，卷筒支座11可以包括两个相对的支撑板11.1以及一个连接板11.2，并且两个支撑板11.1的同一侧可以通过连接板11.2连接，这就可以使卷筒支座11整体呈U形状；卷筒10即可转动地设置在两个支撑板11.1上，而连接板11.2可通过螺栓连接在上车架上，以实现卷筒支座11在上车架1上的装配。
如图4所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，连接板11.2上还可以设置有多个加强板11.3，并且多个加强板11.3可以平行设置在两个支撑板11.1之间；每个加强板11.3均可以具有半圆弧的开槽，并且多个加强板11.3的开槽内可以固定设置有连接筒体11.4；连接筒体11.4的轴向两端和两个支撑板11.4可以固定连接，且连接筒体11.4可以呈半圆状；卷筒10可转动地设置在连接筒体11.4中，并且连接筒体11.4和多个加强板11.3可以加强卷筒支座11的强度；半圆状的连接筒体11.4不会妨碍卷筒的安装。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，构成卷筒支座11的两个支撑板11.1以及一个连接板11.2可以一体成型，以提高卷筒支座11的强度。
结合图1以及图3，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，提升电机5上还可以设置有制动件，该制动件和卷筒10可以一一对应设置；制动件的输出端可操作地作用在卷筒10上；当提升电机5停止工作时，制动件6的输出端可作用在卷筒10上，可防止因集装箱重力等因素造成卷筒10再次运转，提高安全性。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，制动件也可以设置在上车架1上；制动件可以选用制动电机。在本公开内容的一些实施例中，制动件可以选用其他类型的制动装置，本公开内容对此不做限制。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，卷筒支座11可连接在第一纵梁1.1的侧面上，而每组提升组件a的两个动滑轮7可通过相应的支架8可转动地设置在第二纵梁2.1的侧面上。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，升降式车架还可以包括锁定装置b；锁定装置b可以设置在下车架2上；当下车架2和上车架1相互靠近时，操作锁定装置b，可使下车架2和上车架1相互锁定。
图5为图1中的锁定装置的结构示意图。结合图1以及图5，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，锁定装置b主要可以包括转销组件、定销组件以及驱动组件。
结合图1以及图5，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，转销组件可以包括转销13、锁头14以及转柄15；其中，下车架2的顶部以及下车架2的底部上可以设置有转销13对应的第一通孔32，并且转销13可以固定 穿过下车架2的顶部以及下车架2的底部上与其对应的第一通孔；锁头14可以固定设置在转销13的头部，并且锁头14可在对应的锁孔内转动；锁孔可以设置在上车架1的底部；转柄15可以固定设置在转销13的底部；转柄15的周面上可以间隔设置有第一限位面和第二限位面，且转柄15可以位于下车架2的底部下方。
结合图1以及图5，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，转销组件可以包括顶销16、限位块17以及复位弹簧18；其中，顶销16的中心轴和转销13的中心轴可以平行设置，并且下车架2的顶部以及下车架2的底部上均可以设置有和顶销16对应的第二通孔；顶销16可在下车架2的顶部以及下车架2的底部上的第二通孔内伸缩，即顶销16可操作地沿顶销16的中心轴升降；顶销16上可以有支撑凸起19，而限位块17可以固定设置在顶销16的底部，且限位块17可以位于下车架2的底部下方；限位块17可操作地与第一限位面或第二限位面相配合，以锁定转柄15；复位弹簧18可以套装在顶销16上，且复位弹簧18可以设置在支撑凸起19和限位块17之间。在本公开内容的一些实施例中，具体到下车架中，复位弹簧18可以设置在支撑凸起19和下车架2的底部之间，即复位弹簧18的上端可以与支撑凸起19连接，并且复位弹簧18的下端可以设置在下车架的底部上。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，驱动组件主要可以包括驱动机构；驱动机构的输出端可以和转柄15连接，并且操作驱动机构可带动转柄15转动。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，当需要将上车架1和下车架2锁定时，可以通过提升组件a控制下车架2上升，使下车架2上的转销13上的锁头14穿过上车架1上对应的锁孔，而此时顶销16被上车架1下压，并且限位块17同步压下，进而使下车架2上的转柄15解除锁定；此时，复位弹簧18处于压缩状态；操作驱动机构，可以带动转柄15转动一定角度，进而使锁头14也转动一定角度，以使锁头14不能从上车架1上的锁孔中脱落；再可以通过提升组件a控制下车架2降落微小高度，并且复位弹簧18复位，从而带动顶销16以及限位块17复位；此时，限位块17可以和转柄15相配合，使转柄15可以被限位块17机械卡死； 上车架1和下车架2完成刚性锁定；上车架1以及下车架2分离动作，相反操作即可。
如图5所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，锁头14的周面上可以相对设置有两个切面20，并且锁头14的周面上还可以相对设置两个限位凸起21；限位凸起21可以位于两个切面20之间，并且两个切面20之间的距离可以小于锁孔的宽度；两个限位凸起21之间的距离可以大于锁孔的宽度，并可以小于锁孔的长度；当转销13处于解锁状态时，锁头14可以在锁孔内活动伸缩；当转销13处于锁定状态时，两个限位凸起21可以挂设在第一盖板上，且不能在锁孔内活动伸缩，以保证锁定的可靠性。
如图5所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，转销13上还可以间隔设置有锁座22以及承载台23；锁座22以及承载台23可以依次设置在锁头14和转柄15之间；锁头14和锁座22之间可以具有第一间隙，并且下车架2的顶部可卡设在该第一间隙中；承载台23和转柄15之间可以具有第二间隙，下车架2的底部即可卡设在该第二间隙中。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，锁座22和承载台23之间可以为球面配合，即转销13可以被分割成两部分；锁座22以上可以为第一部分，并且承载台23可以为第二部分；第一部分通过锁头14和锁座22之间可以具有第一间隙，并且第一部分可以同下车架2的顶部连接；而第二部分可以通过承载台23和转柄15之间的第二间隙，并且第二部分可以同下车架2的底部连接；同时，锁座22和承载台23之间可以球面配合，即第一部分和第二部分可以球面配合，可使第一部分相对第二部分产生浮动，以适应上车架以及下车架锁定时的撞击，具有很好的实用性。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，锁座22的底部可以采用球形凹面，而承载台23的顶部可以采用球形凸面；在本公开内容的一些实施例中，锁座22的底部可以采用球形凸面，而承载台23的顶部可以采用球形凹面，本公开内容对此不作限制。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中下车架2的顶部上被转销13穿过的第一通孔可以设置为腰形孔，以使第一部分可以在该第一通孔中具有圆锥形摆动。
如图5所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，转销13上还可以设置有第一定位块24；第一定位块24可以固定设置在转销13的底部，且，第一定位块24可以紧贴转柄15设置，这样可以对转柄15锁紧，保证转柄15连接的可靠性。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第一定位块24可以采用横向螺栓或开口销等形式，本公开内容对此不作限制。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，转柄15的周面上间隔设置的第一限位面和第二限位面可以为凹槽形式；当限位块17位于凹槽中时，即可限制转柄15的转动。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，在上车架1的底部上还可以设置有第三通孔；该第三通孔可以被顶销头部穿过，可以为顶销16的移动提供导向。
结合图1以及图5，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，顶销组件还可以包括套筒25；套筒25可以固定设置在隔板17的底部，并且顶销16可在套筒25内伸缩；限位块17可以位于套筒25下部。当复位弹簧复位时，限位块17可以顶靠住套筒25的底部设置，即套筒25具有限位作用，可使限位块17处于既定的锁定位置，保证锁定的可靠性。
如图5所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，顶销16上还可以设置有第二定位块26，并且第二定位块26可以固定设置在顶销16的底部；第二定位块26可以紧贴限位块17设置，这样可以对限位块17锁紧，保证限位块17连接的可靠性。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第二定位块26可以采用横向螺栓或开口销等形式，本公开内容对此不作限制。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，驱动机构带动转柄15转动的角度可以设定为90°。在本公开内容的一些实施例中，驱动机构带动转柄15转动的角度也可以为其他设定角度，本公开内容对此不作限制。
如图5所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，驱动机构可以包括驱动件27、第一连杆28以及第二连杆29；驱动件27的输出端可以做直线往返运动，并且第一连杆28可以呈L形；驱动件27的输出端和第一连杆28的一端可转动连接，并且第一连杆28的另一端和第二连杆29的 一端可转动连接；第二连杆22的另一端和转柄15可转动连接；这样，通过控制驱动件27的输出端工作，即可实现转柄15的转动。
如图5所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，驱动机构还可以包括第三连杆30以及第四连杆31；第三连杆30的一端可以连接在第一连杆28的拐角处，并且第三连杆30的另一端可以向背离第二连杆22的方向延伸；第三连杆30的另一端和第四连杆31的一端可转动连接，并且第四连杆31和另一个转柄15可转动连接；这样，就可以通过一个驱动件27，实现两个转柄15的转动，进而实现两个锁定装置的驱动。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，升降式车架还可以包括两个相对且固定设置的导向板12，并且第三连杆30可以活动穿过两个导向板12；这样第三连杆30可以为直线运动，进而将第四连杆31和第二连杆22小型化，以优化下车架的布置。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，导向板12可以固定在下车架2的顶部和底部之间，而驱动件27也可以固定在固定座9上；固定座9可以固定设置在下车架2的顶部和底部之间。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，驱动件可以选用为伺服电动推杆，或者其他机构，例如液压缸等，本公开内容对此不作限制。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，在下车架上还可以设置有和限位块17一一对应的位置传感器；当限位块17下降到预设位置时，可以被与其对应的位置传感器控制，进而限位块17可以控制驱动件开始工作，具有自动化操作的特点。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，每个第三横梁2.2以及每个第四横梁2.3内均可以设置有一个锁定装置，并且该锁定装置的驱动件可以沿横向伸缩。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，下车架和集装箱可以通过锁具进行装配连接；其中锁具和现有技术中通过顶升设备将集装箱同空中车辆连接的锁具一致，本公开内容例对此不做限制。
如图1所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，可以在第三横梁4.3的两端设置有集装箱防坠装置3；当下车架和集装箱装配后，集装箱防坠装置会拖住集装箱，以提高集装箱转运时的安全性。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，集装箱防坠装置的具体结构，在申请号为“201811638159.0”、名称为“集装箱防坠装置”专利申请中已经进行了相关描述，本公开内容对此不再赘述。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，空中轨道集装箱运输方法可以利用本公开内容所述的空中运输车辆进行。所述空中轨道运输车辆包括升降式车架，所述升降式车架包括上车架、下车架、提升组件以及锁定装置；通过操作所述提升组件可使所述下车架和所述上车架相互靠近或分离；操作所述锁定装置，可使处于相互靠近的所述下车架和所述上车架相互锁定；所述方法包括：所述空中运输车辆空载行驶到位后停止，所述集装箱位于所述空中运输车辆正下方；操作所述提升组件，使所述上车架和所述下车架分离，并使所述下车架下放至预设高度；完成所述下车架与所述集装箱的锁定；操作所述提升组件，使所述下车架与所述集装箱整体上升；操作所述锁定装置，使所述上车架和所述下车架锁定；所述空中运输车辆完成装箱过程后启动运输。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，利用本公开内容提供的空中运输车辆吊装集装箱的具体步骤可以为：
空中运输车辆空载行驶到位后停止，此时集装箱位于车辆正下方→操作提升组件，使上车架和下车架分离→操作提升组件，使下车架下落→下车架上的集装箱防坠装置打开→操作下车架和集装箱之间的锁具，完成下车架与集装箱的锁定→操作提升组件，下车架与集装箱整体上升→下车架上的集装箱防坠装置收缩，使集装箱防坠装置拖住集装箱→操作提升组件和锁定装置，使上车架和下车架锁定→空中运输车辆完成装箱过程后启动运输。卸箱过程动作反之。
综上所述，本公开内容提供的空中运输车辆，是通过自身设备即可实现上空中运输车辆同集装箱的装配连接，操作简单，且自动化程度高，具有很好的实用性。
以上所举实施例为本公开内容的较佳实施方式，仅用来方便说明本公开内容，并非对本公开内容作任何形式上的限制。任何所述技术领域中具有通常知识者，若在不脱离本公开内容所提技术特征的范围内， 利用本公开内容所揭示技术内容所作出局部更动或修饰的等效实施例，并且未脱离本公开内容的技术特征内容，均仍属于本公开内容技术特征的范围内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种升降式车架，包括：
    上车架；
    下车架；
    提升组件，所述上车架和所述下车架通过提升组件连接，并且所述提升组件至少沿第一方向相对设置有两组；通过操作至少两组所述提升组件可使所述下车架和所述上车架相互靠近或分离，并且每组所述提升组件均包括提升电机、钢丝绳以及动滑轮，其中：
    所述提升电机沿第二方向相对设置有两个，并且两个所述提升电机均固定设置在所述上车架上；所述第二方向和所述第一方向相垂直；
    所述动滑轮和所述提升电机一一对应设置，并且两个所述动滑轮沿第二方向相对可转动地设置在所述下车架上；和
    所述钢丝绳和所述提升电机、所述动滑轮一一对应设置，并且所述钢丝绳具有相对的第一端和第二端；所述钢丝绳的第一端和第二端均缠绕在对应的所述提升电机的输出端上，并且所述动滑轮设置在对应的所述钢丝绳的中部；以及
    锁定装置，所述锁定装置设置在所述下车架上；当所述下车架和所述上车架相互靠近时，操作所述锁定装置，可使所述下车架和所述上车架相互锁定。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的升降式车架，其中，每个所述提升组件均设置有拉力传感器。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的升降式车架，其中，每个所述提升电机的输出轴上均固定设置有一个卷筒，并且所述钢丝绳的第一端以及第二端均缠绕在对应的所述提升电机的所述卷筒上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的升降式车架，其中，所述提升电机上还设置有制动件；
    所述制动件和所述卷筒一一对应设置，并且所述制动件的输出端可操作地作用在所述卷筒上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的升降式车架，其中，所述锁定装置包 括：
    转销；
    锁头，所述锁头固定设置在所述转销的头部；
    转柄，所述转柄固定设置在所述转销的底部，并且所述转柄的周面上间隔设置有第一限位面和第二限位面；
    顶销，所述顶销的中心轴和所述转销的中心轴平行设置；所述顶销可操作地沿所述顶销的中心轴升降，并且所述顶销上设置有支撑凸起；
    限位块，所述限位块固定设置在所述顶销的底部，并且所述限位块可操作地与所述第一限位面或第二限位面相配合；
    复位弹簧，所述复位弹簧套装在所述顶销上，并且所述复位弹簧设置在所述支撑凸起和限位块之间；以及
    驱动机构，所述驱动机构的输出端和所述转柄连接，并且操作所述驱动机构可带动所述转柄转动；
    并且其中，所述上车架的底部设置有和所述锁定装置对应的锁孔，并且所述锁定装置的锁头可在对应的所述锁孔内转动；
    所述下车架的顶部以及底部上均设置有和所述锁定装置的转销对应的第一通孔；
    所述转销固定穿过所述下车架的顶部以及底部上对应的第一通孔，并且所述转柄位于所述下车架的底部下方；
    所述下车架的顶部以及底部均设置有和所述锁定装置的顶销对应的第二通孔，并且所述顶销可在所述下车架的顶部以及底部上的第二通孔内伸缩；以及
    所述复位弹簧设置在所述支撑凸起和隔板之间。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的升降式车架，其中，所述转销上还间隔设置有锁座以及承载台，并且所述锁座以及所述承载台依次设置在所述锁头和所述转柄之间；
    所述锁头和所述锁座之间具有第一间隙，并且所述下车架的顶部卡设在所述第一间隙中；以及
    所述承载台和所述转柄之间具有第二间隙，并且所述下车架的底部卡设在所述第二间隙中。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的升降式车架，其中，所述锁座和所述承载台之间为球面配合。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的升降式车架，其中，所述上车架的底部上还设置有和所述锁定装置相配合的第三通孔，并且所述第三通孔可以被对应的所述锁定装置的顶销头部穿过。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的升降式车架，其中，所述锁定装置还包括套筒；
    所述套筒固定设置在所述下车架底部下方；
    所述顶销可在所述套筒内伸缩，并且所述限位块位于所述套筒下部。
  10. 一种空中运输车辆，其中，所述车辆包括权利要求1所述的升降式车架。
  11. 一种空中轨道集装箱运输方法，所述方法是利用权利要求10所述的空中运输车辆进行的，所述空中轨道运输车辆包括升降式车架，所述升降式车架包括上车架、下车架、提升组件以及锁定装置；通过操作所述提升组件可使所述下车架和所述上车架相互靠近或分离；操作所述锁定装置，可使处于相互靠近的所述下车架和所述上车架相互锁定；
    所述方法包括：
    所述空中运输车辆空载行驶到位后停止，所述集装箱位于所述空中运输车辆正下方；
    操作所述提升组件，使所述上车架和所述下车架分离；
    操作所示提升组件，使所述下车架下落；
    所述下车架上的集装箱防坠装置打开；
    操作所述下车架和所述集装箱之间的锁具，完成所述下车架与所述集装箱的锁定；
    操作所述提升组件，所述下车架与所述集装箱整体上升；
    所述下车架上的所述集装箱防坠装置收缩，使所述集装箱防坠装置拖住所述集装箱；
    操作所述提升组件和所述锁定装置，使所述上车架和所述下车架锁定；以及
    所述空中运输车辆完成装箱过程后启动运输。
PCT/CN2020/105226 2019-12-31 2020-07-28 一种升降式车架、空中运输车辆以及空中轨道集装箱运输方法 WO2021135195A1 (zh)

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BR112021022566A BR112021022566A2 (pt) 2019-12-31 2020-07-28 Estrutura do veículo de elevação, veículo de transporte aéreo e método de transporte do recipiente de trilho aéreo
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