WO2021135194A1 - 一种车架、空中运输车辆以及空中轨道集装箱运输方法 - Google Patents

一种车架、空中运输车辆以及空中轨道集装箱运输方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021135194A1
WO2021135194A1 PCT/CN2020/105224 CN2020105224W WO2021135194A1 WO 2021135194 A1 WO2021135194 A1 WO 2021135194A1 CN 2020105224 W CN2020105224 W CN 2020105224W WO 2021135194 A1 WO2021135194 A1 WO 2021135194A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
lower frame
present disclosure
container
lifting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/105224
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王全虎
苏利杰
刘爱文
黄恒
宋少波
刘伟
陈治国
候建云
汪子恂
姚雄
罗辉
崔灿
冯晔
Original Assignee
中车长江车辆有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201911417664.7A external-priority patent/CN111071265B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201911423648.9A external-priority patent/CN111016933B/zh
Application filed by 中车长江车辆有限公司 filed Critical 中车长江车辆有限公司
Priority to BR112021022562A priority Critical patent/BR112021022562A2/pt
Priority to SG11202111467QA priority patent/SG11202111467QA/en
Priority to US17/594,861 priority patent/US11753279B2/en
Priority to AU2020418789A priority patent/AU2020418789B2/en
Priority to EP20910228.4A priority patent/EP4086217A4/en
Publication of WO2021135194A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021135194A1/zh
Priority to ZA2021/08036A priority patent/ZA202108036B/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C11/00—Trolleys or crabs, e.g. operating above runways
    • B66C11/02—Trolleys or crabs, e.g. operating above runways with operating gear or operator's cabin suspended, or laterally offset, from runway or track
    • B66C11/04—Underhung trolleys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C17/00—Overhead travelling cranes comprising one or more substantially horizontal girders the ends of which are directly supported by wheels or rollers running on tracks carried by spaced supports
    • B66C17/06—Overhead travelling cranes comprising one or more substantially horizontal girders the ends of which are directly supported by wheels or rollers running on tracks carried by spaced supports specially adapted for particular purposes, e.g. in foundries, forges; combined with auxiliary apparatus serving particular purposes
    • B66C17/20—Overhead travelling cranes comprising one or more substantially horizontal girders the ends of which are directly supported by wheels or rollers running on tracks carried by spaced supports specially adapted for particular purposes, e.g. in foundries, forges; combined with auxiliary apparatus serving particular purposes for hoisting or lowering heavy load carriers, e.g. freight containers, railway wagons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B3/00—Elevated railway systems with suspended vehicles
    • B61B3/02—Elevated railway systems with suspended vehicles with self-propelled vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads
    • B61D3/20—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for forwarding containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D45/00—Means or devices for securing or supporting the cargo, including protection against shocks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D47/00—Loading or unloading devices combined with vehicles, e.g. loading platforms, doors convertible into loading and unloading ramps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/101—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means for containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C19/00—Cranes comprising trolleys or crabs running on fixed or movable bridges or gantries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C9/00—Travelling gear incorporated in or fitted to trolleys or cranes
    • B66C9/02—Travelling gear incorporated in or fitted to trolleys or cranes for underhung trolleys or cranes

Definitions

  • the present disclosure belongs to the field of logistics transportation technology, and in particular relates to a vehicle frame, an air transportation vehicle, and an air rail container transportation method.
  • the air rail transportation line may cross roads, rivers, factories, etc. to solve the last-mile container transportation problem.
  • the container is first lifted by ground lifting equipment to connect and assemble with the body of the aerial transport vehicle.
  • This operation mode requires the help of external lifting equipment to complete the connection and assembly of the container and the body.
  • the lifting equipment must be moved to a fixed place that is docked with the car body, and then the container is hoisted to the lifting equipment, and then the lifting equipment is operated to connect the container and the car body, and wait for all the containers and the car body to be connected After the assembly is completed, the lifting equipment needs to be removed, and the operation process is very cumbersome.
  • the present disclosure provides a vehicle frame, an air transportation vehicle including the vehicle frame, and an air track container transportation method using the air transportation vehicle, so as to solve the problem of the air track in the prior art.
  • the operation process of transporting containers is a cumbersome technical problem.
  • a vehicle frame in one aspect of the present disclosure, includes: an upper frame; a lower frame; The two sets of lifting components can make the lower frame and the upper frame close to or separate each other; a locking device, the locking device is arranged on the lower frame, when the lower frame and the upper frame When the frames are close to each other, the locking device can be operated to lock the lower frame and the upper frame; a guiding device, the guiding device is arranged on the lower frame, when the lower frame and When the upper frame is separated from each other, operating the guide device can quickly assemble and connect containers of different specifications with the lower frame.
  • each group of the lifting components may include a lifting motor, a steel wire rope, and a movable pulley; and wherein the lifting motors may be oppositely arranged in the second direction, and both of the lifting motors may be fixedly arranged at On the upper frame, and the second direction and the first direction may be perpendicular; the movable pulley and the lifting motor may be arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the two movable pulleys are relatively rotatable in the second direction
  • the wire rope, the hoisting motor, and the movable pulley can be arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the wire rope can have a first end and a second end; the first end of the wire rope can be It is wound on the output end of the corresponding hoisting motor, and the second end of the steel wire rope can be wound on the corresponding movable pulley.
  • each group of the lifting assembly may further include two fixed pulleys corresponding to the steel wire rope; the two fixed pulleys may be arranged opposite to each other in the second direction, and the two fixed pulleys may be arranged opposite to each other.
  • the two lifting motors and the two fixed pulleys can be rotatably arranged on the upper frame; the second ends of the two wire ropes can respectively bypass the corresponding movable pulleys and fixed pulleys in sequence. Pulleys, and the second ends of the two steel wire ropes can be connected together.
  • a tension sensor may be provided on the two steel wire ropes connected together, and the tension sensor may be provided between the two fixed pulleys.
  • a reel may be fixedly provided on the output shaft of each lifting motor, and the first end of the steel wire rope may be wound on the corresponding reel of the lifting motor.
  • the locking device may include: a rotating pin; a lock head, the lock head can be fixedly arranged on the head of the rotating pin; a rotating handle, the rotating handle can be fixedly arranged on the rotating pin
  • a first limiting surface and a second limiting surface may be provided at intervals on the circumferential surface of the rotating handle; an ejector pin, the central axis of the ejector pin and the central axis of the rotating pin can be arranged in parallel,
  • the top pin can be operatively raised and lowered along the central axis of the top pin, and a supporting protrusion may be provided on the top pin; a limit block, the limit block may be fixedly arranged at the bottom of the top pin, And the limit block is operatively matched with the first limit surface or the second limit surface; a return spring, the return spring can be sleeved on the top pin, and the return spring can be arranged on the Between the supporting protrusion and the limit block; a driving mechanism, the output end of the driving
  • the pivot pin may also be provided with a lock seat and a bearing platform at intervals, and the lock seat and the bearing platform may be sequentially arranged between the lock head and the pivot handle; There may be a first gap between the lock head and the lock base, and the second cover plate may be clamped in the first gap; there may be a second gap between the bearing platform and the rotating handle, The partition may be clamped in the second gap, and the lock base and the bearing platform may be spherically fitted.
  • the locking device may further include a sleeve, and the sleeve can be fixed at the bottom of the partition; the ejector pin can be telescopic in the sleeve, and the limit The block may be located in the lower part of the sleeve.
  • the lower frame may include a second longitudinal beam, a third transverse beam, and a fourth transverse beam; the middle part of the third transverse beam and the fourth transverse beam can be fixedly arranged on the second longitudinal beam , And the third cross beam and the fourth cross beam can be provided with two oppositely; the two fourth cross beams can be located at both ends of the second longitudinal beam, and the two third cross beams can be Located between the two fourth cross beams; the guide device may include a first guide plate, a second guide plate and a third guide plate; each of the third cross beam and the fourth cross beam can be provided with opposite ends The first guide plate, and the two first guide plates on each of the third cross beam and the fourth cross beam may be arranged transversely; two of the third cross beam and the fourth cross beam The guiding surfaces of the first guide plates may be opposite to each other; each of the third cross beams may also be provided with the second guide plate, and the second guide plates on the two third cross beams may be opposite to each other in the longitudinal direction The guide surface of
  • an air transportation vehicle wherein the vehicle includes the frame of the present disclosure.
  • an air rail container transportation method the method is carried out by using the air transportation vehicle described in the present disclosure; the method includes: the air transportation vehicle travels in place with no load After stopping, the container is located directly under the aerial transport vehicle; operate the lifting assembly to separate the upper frame and the lower frame, and lower the lower frame to a preset height; complete the lowering Locking of the frame and the container; operating the lifting assembly to raise the lower frame and the container as a whole; operating the locking device to lock the upper frame and the lower frame; After the air transportation vehicle completes the packing process, the transportation will start.
  • an aerial transportation vehicle including the frame, the upper frame of the frame can be hung on the air track by a bogie, and the lower frame is used for assembling with a container; At least two sets of lifting components can make the lower frame and the upper frame approach or separate each other; when the lower frame and the upper frame are in a separated state, the container is hoisted onto the lower frame; then when the lower frame and the upper frame are in the When approaching, operate the locking device to lock the lower frame and the upper frame to each other, thereby realizing the assembly and connection of the container aerial transport vehicle and the container; if the container is unloaded, the operation can be reversed.
  • the aerial rail container transportation method using the aerial transportation vehicle can realize the rapid assembly and connection of the aerial transportation vehicle and the container through its own equipment. The operation is simple, and the degree of automation is high. Practicality.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air transportation vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper frame in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower frame in Figure 1
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the lifting assembly on the frame according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first cover plate in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second cover plate and the partition in FIG. 3;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the locking device on the frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking device in Fig. 8.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower frame with a guiding device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turning assembly in FIG. 10;
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic assembly in Fig. 10;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural view of the lower frame with guiding device shown in Figure 10 for hoisting a 20ft container;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of the lower frame with guiding device shown in Figure 10 for hoisting a 40ft container;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural view of the lower frame with guiding device shown in Figure 10 for hoisting a 45ft container;
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transporting a container by air rail according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of lifting a container by an air transportation vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide an air transportation vehicle including the frame, so as to solve the technical problem that the assembly and connection operation of the container and the air transportation vehicle body in the prior art is relatively complicated.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a vehicle frame, an air transportation vehicle including the vehicle frame, and an air rail container transportation method using the air transportation vehicle, so as to solve the problem of the container and the vehicle body of the air transportation vehicle in the prior art.
  • the assembly and connection operation process is relatively cumbersome technical problem.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air transportation vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the air transportation vehicle may include a frame, a bogie 1, a coupler buffer device 2.
  • multiple vehicle frames can be arranged in sequence, and each vehicle frame can be equipped with at least two bogies 1, and two adjacent vehicle frames can be connected by a coupler buffer device 2.
  • the bogie 1 can walk on the aerial track, and then drive a plurality of carriages to walk on the aerial track.
  • the bogie 1 can be a non-powered bogie. Compared with a bogie with a driving function, the weight of the vehicle can be reduced without affecting the running of the frame.
  • the frame may include an upper frame 3 and a lower frame 4; when the frame is walking on an aerial track, the upper frame 3 and the lower frame 4 can be relatively locked ; When the frame needs to be assembled with containers, the upper frame 3 and the lower frame 4 can be operated to separate the two.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper frame in Fig. 1.
  • the upper frame 3 may be suspended on the air track by at least two bogies 1, which may include a first longitudinal beam 3.1 and two first cross beams 3.2, and The two first cross beams 3.2 may be oppositely arranged on the first longitudinal beam 3.1 along the length direction of the container.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower frame in Fig. 1.
  • the lower frame 4 may include a second longitudinal beam 4.1 and two second transverse beams 4.2, the second longitudinal beam 4.1 may be located directly below the first longitudinal beam 3.1, and The two second beams may be located directly below the two first beams 3.1, respectively.
  • the frame may further include a lifting assembly a.
  • the lifting assembly a may be provided with two sets of lifting assemblies a at least in the first direction, and by operating at least two sets of lifting assemblies a, the lower The frame 4 and the upper frame 3 are close to or separated from each other.
  • the first direction may be the length direction of the container.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the lifting assembly a on the frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting assembly a.
  • each group of lifting components a may include a lifting motor 5, a wire rope 6 and a movable pulley 7.
  • two lifting motors 5 can be arranged oppositely along the second direction, and both lifting motors 5 can be fixedly arranged on the upper frame 3, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;
  • the movable pulley 7 and the lifting motor 5 can be One-to-one correspondence arrangement, two movable pulleys 7 are relatively rotatably arranged on the lower frame 4 along the second direction;
  • the wire rope 6 and the hoisting motor 5, and the movable pulley 7 can be arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the wire rope 6 may have a first end and a second end The first end of the wire rope 6 can be wound on the output end of the corresponding hoisting motor 5, and the second end of the wire rope 6 can be wound on the corresponding movable pulley 7.
  • the second direction may be the width direction of the container, and two lifting assemblies a may be arranged oppositely.
  • the lower frame 4 and the upper frame 3 can be fixedly connected or separated by operating at least two sets of lifting components a, thereby realizing the assembly connection between the body of the container aerial rail transportation equipment and the container.
  • the specific operation is: the output end of the lifting motor 5 can be controlled to rotate to extend the wire rope 6 of the same group, and then lower the movable pulley 7 of the same group, and drive the lower frame 4 to the preset height; complete the container with the lower frame 4 After the assembly, the output end of the lifting motor 5 can be controlled to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the wire rope 6 of the same group rises, and then the movable pulley 7 of the same group rises, driving the lower frame 4 equipped with the container to rise; completing the upper frame 3 and After the lower frame 4 is locked, the assembly connection of the frame and the container is completed; the unloading action of the container can be reversed.
  • each set of lifting components a may further include two fixed pulleys 8 corresponding to the steel wire rope 6; the two fixed pulleys 8 may be arranged opposite to each other in the second direction, The two fixed pulleys 8 can be arranged oppositely between the two lifting motors 5, and the two fixed pulleys 8 can be rotatably arranged on the upper frame 3; and the second ends of the two wire ropes 6 can respectively bypass the corresponding The movable pulley 7 and the fixed pulley 8, and the second ends of the two wire ropes 6 can be connected together, so that the two hoisting motors 5 of the same group can be linked together, and the same wire rope 6 can be shared.
  • two hoisting motors in the same group can share the design of a steel wire rope 6, which can adapt to the length of the steel wire rope 6, and can ensure that the lower frame 4 is at both ends in the length direction of the container.
  • a tension sensor 9 may be provided on the two steel wire ropes 6 connected together, and the tension sensor 9 may be provided between the two fixed pulleys 8; the tension sensor 9 may monitor abnormalities. Status, such as overloading, to ensure the reliability of the assembly connection between the container and the car body.
  • a reel 10 may be fixedly provided on the output shaft of each lifting motor 5, and the first end of the steel wire 6 may be wound on the corresponding lifting motor On the reel; the drive of the hoisting motor 5 can drive the rotation of the reel 10, thereby enabling the winding of the wire rope 6 on the reel 10.
  • the reel 10 may have a built-in reduction box, so that the rotation speed of the reel 10 can be reduced, so that the lifting speed of the lower frame 4 can be reduced, and the lifting stability of the lower frame 4 can be improved.
  • the upper frame 3 may be provided with a reel support 11 corresponding to the reel 10, and the reel 10 is rotatably arranged on the corresponding reel.
  • the tube support 11 is on.
  • the reel support 11 may include two opposite support plates 11.1 and a connecting plate 11.2, and the same side of the two support plates 11.1 can pass through the connecting plate 11.2 connection, which can make the reel support 11 take a U shape as a whole; the reel 10 is rotatably arranged on the two support plates 11.1 through the shaft 12, and the upper frame 3 can be provided corresponding to the reel support 11
  • the mounting plate 13 and the connecting plate 11.2 of the mounting plate 13 and the corresponding reel support 11 can be fixedly connected to realize the assembly of the reel support 11 on the upper frame 3.
  • a groove 11.3 may be provided on the side of the connecting plate 11.2 facing away from the support plate 11.1, and a protrusion 52 may be provided on the mounting plate 13;
  • the protrusion 52 of the plate 13 can be clamped in the groove 11.3 on the connecting plate 11.2 of the corresponding reel support 11, and the mounting plate 13 and the corresponding connecting plate 11.2 of the reel support 11 can be connected by a plurality of bolts. In this way, the reliability of the assembly of the reel support 11 on the upper frame 3 can be improved.
  • the two supporting plates 11.1 and one connecting plate 11.2 constituting the reel support 11 may be integrally formed to improve the strength of the reel support 11.
  • the lifting motor 5 may also be provided with a braking member 14, and the braking member 14 and the reel 10 can be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the braking member 14
  • the output end of the brake 6 can act on the reel 10, which can prevent the reel 10 from running again due to factors such as container gravity. Improve safety.
  • the brake 14 may also be provided on the upper frame 3, and the brake 14 may be a brake motor. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, other types of braking devices can also be selected, and the present disclosure does not limit this.
  • the mounting plate 13 for installing the reel support 11 can be arranged on the end of the first cross beam 3.2, and the two fixed pulleys 8 of each set of lifting assembly a can pass through the corresponding
  • the bracket is rotatably arranged in the first beam 3.2, and the two movable pulleys 7 of each group of lifting assembly a can be rotatably arranged in the second beam 4.2 through the corresponding bracket.
  • both the bottom of the upper frame 3 and the top of the lower frame 4 may be provided with through holes corresponding to the wire rope 6 for the wire rope 6 to pass through.
  • the present disclosure does not limit the shape of the through hole through which the wire rope 6 passes.
  • it may further include a locking device b, which can be arranged on the lower frame 4; when the lower frame 4 and the upper frame 3 are close to each other, operating the locking device b can make the vehicle get off The frame and the upper frame are locked to each other.
  • a locking device b which can be arranged on the lower frame 4; when the lower frame 4 and the upper frame 3 are close to each other, operating the locking device b can make the vehicle get off The frame and the upper frame are locked to each other.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first cover plate in FIG. 2.
  • a plurality of lock holes 24 may be provided on the first cover plate 1.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second cover plate and the partition in FIG. 3.
  • the second cover plate 16 and the partition plate 17 may be fixedly connected, and the partition plate 17 may be located below the second cover plate 16.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the locking device b on the vehicle frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking device b in FIG. 8.
  • the locking device b may mainly include a rotating pin assembly, a fixed pin assembly, and a driving assembly.
  • the pivot assembly may include a pivot pin 18, a lock head 19, and a pivot handle 20.
  • the second cover plate 16 and the partition plate 17 may be provided with a first through hole 54 corresponding to the pivot pin 18, and the pivot pin 18 may be fixed through the second cover plate 16 and the partition plate 17 corresponding to the first through hole 54 Hole 54;
  • the lock head 19 can be fixedly arranged on the head of the rotating pin 18, and the lock head 19 can be rotated in the corresponding lock hole 24;
  • the rotating handle 20 can be fixedly arranged on the bottom of the rotating pin 18, the circumference of the rotating handle 20
  • a first limiting surface 20.1 and a second limiting surface 20.2 may be provided on the surface at intervals, and the rotating handle 20 may be located under the partition 17.
  • the swivel pin assembly may include a top pin 21, a limit block 22 and a return spring 23.
  • the central axis of the top pin 21 and the central axis of the pivot pin 18 can be arranged in parallel, and the second cover plate 16 and the partition plate 17 can be provided with a second through hole 55 corresponding to the top pin 21;
  • the top pin 21 can be
  • the second cover plate 16 and the second through hole 55 on the partition plate 17 are telescopic, that is, the top pin 21 can be operably raised and lowered along the central axis of the top pin 21, and the top pin 21 may have a supporting protrusion 53;
  • the block 22 can be fixedly arranged at the bottom of the top pin 21, and the limiting block 22 can be located under the partition 17; the limiting block 22 can be operatively matched with the first limiting surface 20.1 or the second limiting surface 20.2.
  • the return spring 23 can be sleeved on the top pin 21, and the return spring 23 can be arranged between the support protrusion 53 and the limit block 22.
  • the return spring 23 in the lower frame, the return spring 23 may be disposed between the support protrusion 53 and the partition 17, that is, the upper end of the return spring 23 may be connected with the support protrusion 53, and the return spring 23 The lower end can be set on the partition 17.
  • the driving assembly may mainly include a driving mechanism c, the output end of the driving mechanism c and the rotating handle 20 may be connected, and operating the driving mechanism c can drive the rotating handle 20 to rotate.
  • the lower frame 4 when the upper frame 3 and the lower frame 4 need to be locked, the lower frame 4 can be controlled to rise through the lifting assembly a, so that the lock on the pivot pin 18 on the lower frame 4 The head 19 passes through the corresponding lock hole 24 on the upper frame 3; at this time, the top pin 21 is pressed down by the upper frame 3, and the stop block 22 is simultaneously pressed down, thereby unlocking the handle 20 on the lower frame 4 ; At this time, the return spring 23 is in a compressed state; operating the drive mechanism c drives the handle 20 to rotate a certain angle, and then the lock 19 also rotates a certain angle, so that the lock 19 cannot be removed from the lock hole 24 on the upper frame 3 Fall off; then the lower frame 4 is controlled by the lifting assembly a to drop to a small height, and then the reset spring 23 is reset, driving the top pin 21 and the limit block 22 to reset; at this time, the limit block 22 and the rotating handle 20 cooperate to make the rotating handle 20 is mechanically jammed by the limit block 22, and then the
  • the peripheral surface of the lock head 19 may be provided with two cut surfaces 25 opposite to each other, and the peripheral surface of the lock head 19 may also be provided with two limiting protrusions 26 opposite to each other;
  • the limiting protrusion 26 may be located between the two cutting surfaces 25, and the distance between the two cutting surfaces 25 may be less than the width of the key hole 24, and the distance between the two limiting protrusions 26 may be greater than the width of the key hole 24, It is smaller than the length of the lock hole 24; when the pivot pin 18 is in the unlocked state, the lock head 19 can move and retract in the lock hole; when the pivot pin 18 is in the locked state, the two limit protrusions 26 can be hung on the first The cover cannot be moved or retracted in the lock hole 24 to ensure the reliability of the lock.
  • the pivot pin 18 may also be provided with a lock seat 27 and a bearing platform 28 at intervals, and the lock seat 27 and the bearing platform 28 may be sequentially provided on the lock head 19 and the handle 20.
  • the lock seat 27 and the bearing platform 28 may be spherically fitted, that is, the pivot pin 18 is divided into two parts; the lock seat 27 and above are the first part, and the bearing platform 28 is the second part;
  • the first part can have a first gap between the lock head 19 and the lock base 27 and be connected to the second cover 16; and the second part can be connected to the partition plate through the second gap between the bearing table 28 and the handle 20 17 connection;
  • the lock base 27 and the bearing platform 28 can be spherical fit, that is, the first part and the second part can be spherical fit, which can make the first part float relative to the second part to adapt to the upper frame and the getting off The impact when the frame 4 is locked has good practicability.
  • the bottom of the lock base 27 may adopt a spherical concave surface
  • the top of the bearing platform 28 may adopt a spherical convex surface.
  • the two can also be set oppositely, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the first through hole 54 on the second cover plate 16 through which the pivot pin 18 passes may be configured as a waist-shaped hole, so that the first part may have a cone in the first through hole 54 Shaped swing.
  • a first positioning block 29 may also be provided on the pivot pin 18, and the first positioning block 29 may be fixedly provided at the bottom of the pivot pin 18; the first positioning block 29 may It is arranged close to the rotating handle 20, so that the rotating handle 20 can be locked, and the reliability of the connection of the rotating handle 20 is ensured.
  • the first positioning block 29 may take the form of a transverse bolt or a split pin, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the first limiting surface 20.1 and the second limiting surface 20.2 spaced apart on the circumferential surface of the rotating handle 20 may be in the form of grooves.
  • the limiting block 22 is located in the groove, That is, the rotation of the rotating handle 20 can be restricted.
  • a third through hole may be further provided on the first cover 15 of the upper frame 3, and the third through hole may be penetrated by the head of the ejector pin, and thus may be a top The movement of the pin 21 provides guidance.
  • the ejector pin assembly may further include a sleeve 30, and the sleeve 30 may be fixedly arranged at the bottom of the partition 17; the ejector pin 21 may be in the sleeve 30 It is telescopic, and the limiting block 22 is located at the lower part of the sleeve 30.
  • the limit block 22 can be set against the bottom of the sleeve 30, that is, the sleeve 30 has a limit effect, which can make the limit block 22 be in a predetermined locking position and ensure the reliability of locking.
  • a second positioning block 31 may also be provided on the top pin 21, and the second positioning block 31 may be fixedly disposed at the bottom of the top pin 21; the second positioning block 31 may It is arranged close to the limit block 22, so that the limit block 22 can be locked tightly, and the reliability of the connection of the limit block 22 is ensured.
  • the second positioning block 31 may take the form of a transverse bolt or a split pin, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the angle at which the rotating handle 20 is driven by the driving mechanism c to rotate can be set to 90°. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the angle may also be other set angles, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the driving mechanism c may include a driving member 32, a first link 33 and a second link 34.
  • the output end of the driving member 32 can perform linear reciprocating motion, and the first link 33 can be L-shaped; the output end of the driving member 32 and one end of the first link 33 are rotatably connected, and the other end of the first link 33
  • One end of the second connecting rod 34 is rotatably connected, and the other end of the second connecting rod 22 is rotatably connected to the rotating handle 20. In this way, the rotation of the rotating handle 20 can be realized by controlling the output end of the driving member 32 to work.
  • the driving mechanism c may further include a third link 35 and a fourth link 36, and one end of the third link 35 may be connected to the corner of the first link 33
  • the other end of the third link 35 can extend away from the second link 22, and the other end of the third link 35 and one end of the fourth link 36 can be rotatably connected; the fourth link 36 and the other One rotating handle 20 can be rotatably connected. In this way, the two rotating handles 20 can be rotated by a driving member 32, and the two locking devices b can be driven.
  • it may also include two opposite and fixed guide plates 37, and the third link 35 can move through the two guide plates 37, so that the third link 35 can move linearly. , And further miniaturize the fourth link 36 and the second link 22 to optimize the arrangement of the lower frame 4.
  • the guide plate 37 can be fixed on the second cover 16 and the partition plate 17 of the lower frame 4; and the driving member 32 can also be fixed on the fixing seat 38, and the fixing seat 38 can be It is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the second cover 16 of the lower frame 4.
  • the driving member may be selected as a servo electric push rod, or other mechanisms, such as hydraulic cylinders, etc., which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the lower frame 4 may also be provided with a position sensor corresponding to the limit block 22 one-to-one; when the limit block 22 is lowered to a preset position, the position sensor corresponding to it can be Induction, and then control the driving parts to start working, with the characteristics of automatic operation.
  • each second beam 4.2 may be provided with a locking device b, and the driving member of the locking device b can extend and contract in the transverse direction.
  • the frame may further include a guiding device d.
  • the lower frame 4 may further include a third cross beam 4.3 and a fourth cross beam 4.4.
  • the middle part of the third cross beam 4.3 and the fourth cross beam 4.4 can be fixedly arranged on the second longitudinal beam 4.1; the third cross beam 4.3 can be oppositely arranged two, and the fourth cross beam 4.4 can also be oppositely arranged two; two
  • the four fourth beams 4.4 may be located at both ends of the second longitudinal beam 4.1, and the two third beams 4.3 may be located between the two fourth beams 4.4.
  • the second cross beam 4.2 may be located between the third cross beam 4.3 and the fourth cross beam 4.4 on the same side.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower frame 4 with the guiding device d according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the guide device d may mainly include a first guide plate 39, a second guide plate 40, and a third guide plate 41.
  • both ends of each third cross beam 4.3 and fourth cross beam 4.4 may be provided with first guide plates 39 opposite to each other, and each third cross beam 4.3 and fourth cross beam 4.4
  • the two first guide plates 39 on the upper side can be arranged in the transverse direction; the guide surfaces of the two first guide plates 39 on each of the third cross beam 4.3 and the fourth cross beam 4.4 can be arranged oppositely.
  • the size between the two first guide plates 39 on each of the third cross beam 4.3 and the fourth cross beam 4.4 may be consistent with the width of the container.
  • the first guide plate 39 may be connected to the end of the third cross beam 4.3 or the fourth cross beam 4.4 by integral molding or welding, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • each third cross beam 4.3 may also be provided with a second guide plate 40, and the second guide plates 40 on the two third cross beams 4.3 may be arranged opposite to each other in the longitudinal direction;
  • the guiding surfaces of the second guide plate 40 on the two third cross beams 4.3 can be arranged oppositely, and the second guide plate 40 and the third cross beam 4.3 can be reversibly connected.
  • the second guide plate 40 may be reversibly connected to the third cross beam 4.3 through a reversing assembly.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turning assembly in FIG. 10.
  • the turning assembly may include a first driving member 42, a fifth link 43, a sixth link 44 and a connecting shaft 45.
  • the first driving member 42 can be fixedly arranged on the body, and the output end of the first driving member 42 can be extended and retracted in the transverse direction; the fifth link 43 and the sixth link 44 can both have opposite first ends and second ends.
  • the first end of the fifth link 43 and the output end of the first driving member 42 are rotatably connected; the second end of the fifth link 43 and the first end of the sixth link 44 are rotatably connected and connected
  • the shaft 45 is rotatably arranged at the end of the third cross beam 4.3; the upper end of the second guide plate 40 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 45, and the connecting shaft 45 and the second end of the sixth link 44 are rotatably connected.
  • the second guide plate 40 when the first driving member 42 is not working, can be in a vertical state to control the output end of the second driving member 7 to extend;
  • the six connecting rod 44 drives the connecting shaft 45 to rotate, thereby driving the second guide plate 40 to close inside the first beam; when the second guide plate 40 is in a horizontal state, the first driving member 42 stops working. That is, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the second guide plate 40 can be in a vertical state or a horizontal state through the driving of the first driving member 42.
  • two first fixed supports 46 may be fixedly arranged in the third beam 4.3
  • the first driving member 42 may be arranged in the third beam 4.3
  • the first drive The member 42 may be fixedly arranged on the two first fixed supports 46 to realize the positioning of the first driving member 42.
  • the end of the third beam 4.3 may be provided with a limiting plate 47, and the limiting plate 47 may be located on the side of the non-guide surface of the second guide plate 40; the limiting plate 47 can restrict the second guide plate 40 from turning to the outside of the third cross beam 4.3, so that it can only be turned over according to the set working path.
  • the distance between the two second guide plates 40 in a horizontal state may be consistent with the longitudinal dimension of the 20ft container for guiding the longitudinal direction of the 20ft container.
  • the number of second guide plates 40 can also be set to four, that is, two second guide plates 40 can be provided on each third cross beam 4.3, and two second guide plates 40 can be provided on each third cross beam 4.3.
  • the two second guide plates 40 may be respectively located on both sides of the second longitudinal beam 4.1, that is, the longitudinal direction of the 20 ft container is guided by four guide plates arranged in a square shape.
  • two third guide plates 41 may be provided, and two third guide plates 41 may be oppositely provided at both ends of the second longitudinal beam 4.1; two third guide plates 41 The guide surfaces are arranged opposite to each other, and the third guide plate 41 can extend and contract along the length direction of the second longitudinal beam.
  • the distance between the two third guide plates 41 in the initial state, can be consistent with the longitudinal dimension of the 40ft container, so as to guide the longitudinal direction of the 40ft container; the third guide can be controlled.
  • the guide plate 41 makes the distance between the two third guide plates 41 consistent with the longitudinal dimension of the 45 ft container, so as to guide the longitudinal direction of the 45 ft container.
  • the third guide plate can be extended and contracted along the length direction of the longitudinal beam through the telescopic assembly.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic assembly in Fig. 10. With reference to FIG. 12, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the telescopic assembly may include a second driving member 48 and a connecting beam 49.
  • the second driving member 48 can be fixedly arranged on the body, and the output end of the second driving member 48 can be telescopic in the longitudinal direction;
  • the connecting beam 49 is slidably arranged on the body, and one end of the connecting beam 49 and the second driving member
  • the output end of the member 48 can be fixedly connected;
  • the upper end of the third guide plate 41 can be fixedly arranged on the other end of the connecting beam 49, and the lower end of the third guide plate 41 can extend vertically downward; in this way, by controlling the second driving member
  • the output end of 48 can be expanded and contracted to realize the expansion and contraction of the third guide plate 41.
  • the second fixed support 50 may be fixedly arranged in the second longitudinal beam 4.1, and the second driving member 48 may be arranged in the second longitudinal beam 4.1, and The second driving member 48 and the second fixed support 50 may be fixedly connected.
  • a sliding groove may be provided on the bottom wall inside the second longitudinal beam 4.1, and the connecting beam 4 may be slidably arranged in the sliding groove to guide the movement of the connecting beam 4.
  • the third guide plate 41 may also be provided with a larger number, but considering space constraints, the present disclosure is preferably set to two.
  • both the first driving member 42 and the second driving member 48 may use servo electric push rods.
  • the first driving member 42 and the second driving member 48 may also use other types of linear reciprocating motion, such as a motor or an oil cylinder. This disclosure does not limit this.
  • the guiding surfaces of the first guide plate 39, the second guide plate 40, and the third guide plate 41 may all be inclined surfaces, so that the lower frame 4 and the container can have a certain range of deviation in the horizontal direction. , In order to facilitate the assembly of the lower frame and container.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of the lower frame 4 with the guiding device d shown in FIG. 1 for hoisting a 20 ft container.
  • the second guide plate 40 on the third cross beam 4.3 can be controlled to make the second guide plate 40 in a vertical state; when the frame needs to be lowered 4
  • the first guide plate 39 on the two third cross beams 4.3 can be used to guide the 20 ft container laterally, and the second guide plate 40 on the two third cross beams 4.3 can be used to guide the longitudinal direction of the 20 ft container to make the lower Frame 4 and 20ft container can be quickly locked.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of the lower frame 4 with the guiding device d shown in Fig. 10 for hoisting a 40-ft container.
  • the second guide plate 40 on the third beam 4.3 can be controlled so that the second guide plate 40 is in a horizontal state to avoid lowering the frame 4 and The 40ft container interferes during assembly; at the same time, the third guide 41 can be controlled so that the distance between the two third guides 41 is consistent with the longitudinal dimension of the 40ft container; the third cross beam 4.3 and the fourth cross beam 4.4 are used.
  • a guide plate 39 is used to guide the 40 ft container horizontally, and two third guide plates 41 are used to guide the 40 ft container longitudinally, so that the lower frame 4 and the 40 ft container can be quickly locked.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower frame 4 with the guide device d shown in FIG. 10 for hoisting a 45 ft container.
  • the second guide plate 40 on the third cross beam 4.3 can be controlled to make the second guide plate 40 in a horizontal state to avoid lowering the frame 4 and The 45ft container interferes during assembly; at the same time, the third guide 41 can be controlled so that the distance between the two third guides 41 is consistent with the longitudinal dimension of the 45ft container; the third cross beam 4.3 and the fourth cross beam 4.4 are used.
  • a guide plate 39 is used to guide the 45 ft container horizontally, and two third guide plates 41 are used to guide the 45 ft container longitudinally, so that the lower frame 4 and the 45 ft container can be quickly locked.
  • the lower frame 4 and the container can be assembled and connected by a lock; the lock is consistent with the lock that connects the container to the aerial vehicle through a jacking device in the prior art. No restrictions.
  • a container anti-fall device 51 may be provided at both ends of the third beam 4.3; when the lower frame 4 and the container are assembled, the container anti-fall device will drag the container to Improve the safety of container transshipment.
  • the specific structure of the container anti-falling device has been described in the patent application with the application number "201811638159.0" and the name "Container anti-falling device”. Go into details.
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic flow chart of an air rail container transportation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method may include:
  • the container can be transported directly under the vehicle on platforms such as trucks, AGV vehicles, and the ground, and the lower frame is lowered to a preset height, which is slightly higher than the container. top of.
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of an air transportation vehicle hoisting a container according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the specific steps of using an air transport vehicle to hoist a container may sequentially include: the air transport vehicle runs empty and then stops when the container is located directly under the vehicle; operating the lifting assembly a, Separate the upper frame 3 and the lower frame 4; operate the lifting assembly a to drop the lower frame 4; open the container anti-drop device on the lower frame and open the guide device d corresponding to the container model; operate the lower frame
  • the lock between 4 and the container completes the locking of the lower frame 4 and the container;
  • the lifting assembly a is operated to raise the lower frame 4 and the container as a whole;
  • the container anti-falling device on the lower frame 4 shrinks to make the container anti-falling device Tow the container; operate the lifting assembly a and the locking device b to lock the upper frame 3 and the lower frame 4; the aerial transportation vehicle can start transportation after the packing process is completed.
  • the air transportation vehicle and transportation method can realize the rapid assembly connection between the air transportation vehicle and the container through its own equipment.
  • the operation is simple, and the degree of automation is high. Very good practicality.

Abstract

一种包括车架的空中运输车辆车架包括上车架(3)；下车架(4)；提升组件(a)，提升组件(a)至少沿第一方向相对设置有两组，通过操作至少两组提升组件(a)可使下车架(4)和上车架(3)相互靠近或分离；锁定装置(b)，锁定装置(b)设置在下车架(4)上，当下车架(4)和上车架(3)相互靠近时，操作锁定装置(b)，可使下车架(4)和上车架(3)相互锁定；导向装置(d)，导向装置(d)设置下车架(4)上，当所下车架(4)和上车架(3)相互分离时，操作导向装置(d)，可使不同规格的集装箱同下车架(4)快速装配连接。通过空中运输车辆自身设备即可实现空中运输车辆同集装箱的装配连接，操作简单。另外，还涉及一种空中轨道集装箱运输方法。

Description

一种车架、空中运输车辆以及空中轨道集装箱运输方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2019年12月31提交、申请号为201911417664.7且名称为“一种空中轨道集装箱运输方法”的中国专利申请以及于2019年12月31提交、申请号为201911423648.9且名称为“车架以及空中运输车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用合并于此。
技术领域
本公开内容属于物流运输技术领域，尤其涉及一种车架、空中运输车辆以及空中轨道集装箱运输方法。
背景技术
目前，我国港口集疏体系主要依靠公路完成(公路占比高达84％)，公路运输环境污染大、运输成本高，特别是对集装箱港口最后一公里的设施衔接问题，已经成为我国综合交通运输体系发展的首要难题。
为了解决上述技术问题，现有技术中新兴了一种应用于港口集装箱物流的空中轨道运输设备，空中轨道运输线路可能跨越公路、河流、厂区等，以解决最后一公里的集装箱运输问题。
在实现本公开内容的过程中，申请人发现现有技术中采用的空中轨道运输集装箱至少存在着以下不足：
现有技术中，先通过地面顶升设备将集装箱顶升，以与空中运输车辆的车体连接装配，此种操作方式需要借助外界顶升设备，才能完成集装箱和车体的连接装配。操作时，需先将顶升设备移动至和车体对接的固定地点，再将集装箱吊装至顶升设备上，随后操作顶升设备将集装箱和车体连接装配，待所有的集装箱和车体连接装配完成后，还需要将顶升设备移走，操作过程非常繁琐。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术存在的问题，本公开内容提供了一种车架、包括所述车架的空中运输车辆以及利用所述空中运输车辆的空中轨道集装箱运输方法，以解决现有技术中空中轨道运输集装箱的操作过程较为繁琐的技术问题。
在本公开内容的一个方面，提供了一种车架，所述车架包括：上车架；下车架；提升组件，所述提升组件至少沿第一方向相对设置有两组，通过操作至少两组所 述提升组件可使所述下车架和所述上车架相互靠近或分离；锁定装置，所述锁定装置设置在所述下车架上，当所述下车架和所述上车架相互靠近时，操作所述锁定装置，可使所述下车架和所述上车架相互锁定；导向装置，所述导向装置设置所述下车架上，当所述下车架和所述上车架相互分离时，操作所述导向装置，可使不同规格的集装箱同所述下车架快速装配连接。
在一些实施方式中，每组所述提升组件均可以包括提升电机、钢丝绳以及动滑轮；并且其中所述提升电机沿第二方向可以相对设置有两个，两个所述提升电机均可以固定设置在所述上车架上，并且所述第二方向和所述第一方向可以相垂直；所述动滑轮和所述提升电机可以一一对应设置，并且两个所述动滑轮沿第二方向相对可转动地设置在所述下车架上；所述钢丝绳和所述提升电机、所述动滑轮可以一一对应设置，并且所述钢丝绳可以具有第一端和第二端；所述钢丝绳的第一端可以缠绕在对应的所述提升电机的输出端上，并且所述钢丝绳的第二端可以缠绕在对应的所述动滑轮上。
在一些实施方式中，每组所述提升组件还可以包括两个与所述钢丝绳对应的定滑轮；两个所述定滑轮可以沿第二方向相对设置，两个所述定滑轮可以相对设置在两个所述提升电机之间，并且两个所述定滑轮均可转动地设置在所述上车架上；两个所述钢丝绳的第二端可以分别依次绕过对应的所述动滑轮和定滑轮，并且两个所述钢丝绳的第二端可以连接在一起。
在一些实施方式中，连接在一起的两个所述钢丝绳上可以设置有拉力传感器，并且所述拉力传感器可以设置在两个所述定滑轮之间。
在一些实施方式中，每个所述提升电机的输出轴上均可以固定设置有一个卷筒，并且所述钢丝绳的第一端可以缠绕在对应的所述提升电机的所述卷筒上。
在一些实施方式中，所述锁定装置可以包括：转销；锁头，所述锁头可以固定设置在所述转销的头部；转柄，所述转柄可以固定设置在所述转销的底部，并且所述转柄的周面上可以间隔设置有第一限位面和第二限位面；顶销，所述顶销的中心轴和所述转销的中心轴可以平行设置，所述顶销可操作地沿所述顶销的中心轴升降，并且所述顶销上可以设置有支撑凸起；限位块，所述限位块可以固定设置在所述顶销的底部，并且所述限位块可操作地与所述第一限位面或第二限位面相配合；复位弹簧，所述复位弹簧可以套装在所述顶销上，并且所述复位弹簧可以设置在所述支撑凸起和限位块之间；驱动机构，所述驱动机构的输出端和所述转柄连接，并且操作所述驱动机构可带动所述转柄转动；并且其中所述上车架可以包括第一盖板，所述第一盖板可以位于所述上车架的底部，所述第一盖板上可以设置有锁孔，所述锁定装置的锁头可在所述锁孔内转动；所述下车架可以包括间隔设置的第二盖板以及隔板，并且所述第 二盖板和所述隔板可以固定连接；所述第二盖板可以位于所述下车架的顶部，并且所述隔板可以位于所述第二盖板的下方；所述第二盖板以及所述隔板上均可设置有与所述锁定装置的转销对应的第一通孔，并且所述转销可以固定穿过所述第二盖板以及所述隔板上对应的第一通孔；所述转柄可以位于所述隔板下方；所述第二盖板以及所述隔板上均可设置有与所述锁定装置的顶销对应的第二通孔；所述顶销可在所述第二盖板以及所述隔板上的第二通孔内伸缩，并且所述复位弹簧可以设置在所述支撑凸起和所述隔板之间。
在一些实施方式中，所述转销上还可以间隔设置有锁座以及承载台，并且所述锁座以及所述承载台可以依次设置在所述锁头和所述转柄之间；所述锁头和所述锁座之间可以具有第一间隙，并且所述第二盖板可以卡设在所述第一间隙中；所述承载台和所述转柄之间可以具有第二间隙，所述隔板可以卡设在所述第二间隙中，并且所述锁座和所述承载台之间可以为球面配合。
在一些实施方式中，所述锁定装置还可以包括套筒，并且所述套筒固定可以设置在所述隔板的底部；所述顶销可在所述套筒内伸缩，并且所述限位块可以位于所述套筒下部。
在一些实施方式中，所述下车架可以包括第二纵梁、第三横梁以及第四横梁；所述第三横梁以及所述第四横梁的中部均可固定设置在所述第二纵梁上，并且所述第三横梁以及所述第四横梁均可相对设置有两个；两个所述第四横梁可以位于所述第二纵梁的两端，并且两个所述第三横梁可以位于两个所述第四横梁之间；所述导向装置可以包括第一导板、第二导板以及第三导板；每个所述第三横梁以及所述第四横梁的两端均可相对设置有所述第一导板，并且每个所述第三横梁和所述第四横梁上的两个所述第一导板可以沿横向设置；每个所述第三横梁和所述第四横梁上的两个所述第一导板的导向面可以相对设置；每个所述第三横梁上还可以设置有所述第二导板，并且两个所述第三横梁上的所述第二导板可以沿纵向相对设置；两个所述第三横梁上的所述第二导板的导向面可以相对设置，并且所述第二导板和所述第三横梁可翻转连接；所述第三导板可以设置有两个，并且两个所述第三导板可以相对设置在所述第二纵梁的两端；两个所述第三导板的导向面可以相对设置，并且所述第三导板可沿所述第二纵梁的长度方向伸缩。
在本公开内容的另一个方面，提供了一种空中运输车辆，其中，所述车辆包括本公开内容所述的车架。
在本公开内容的又一个方面，提供了一种空中轨道集装箱运输方法，所述方法是利用本公开内容所述的空中运输车辆进行的；所述方法包括：所述空中运输车辆空载行驶到位后停止，集装箱位于所述空中运输车辆正下方；操作所述提升组件，使 所述上车架和所述下车架分离，并使所述下车架下放至预设高度；完成所述下车架与所述集装箱的锁定；操作所述提升组件，使所述下车架与所述集装箱整体上升；操作所述锁定装置，使所述上车架和所述下车架锁定；所述空中运输车辆完成装箱过程后启动运输。
本公开内容的有益效果至少包括：
根据本公开内容一些实施例的包括所述车架的空中运输车辆，所述车架的上车架可通过转向架悬挂在空中轨道上，而下车架是用于与集装箱装配的；通过操作至少两组提升组件可使下车架和上车架相互靠近或分离；当下车架和上车架处于分离状态时，此时集装箱吊装至下车架上；然后当下车架和上车架处于靠近状态时，操作锁定装置，使下车架和上车架相互锁定，进而实现集装箱空中运输车辆同集装箱的装配连接；如果进行集装箱的卸载动作，则相反操作即可。根据本公开内容一些实施例的利用所述空中运输车辆的空中轨道集装箱运输方法，是通过自身设备即可实现空中运输车辆与集装箱的快速装配连接，操作简单，且自动化程度高，具有很好的实用性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开内容实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，以下描述中的附图仅仅是本公开内容的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为依据本公开内容实施例的空中运输车辆的结构示意图；
图2为图1中上车架的结构示意图；
图3为图1中下车架的结构示意图
图4为依据本公开内容实施例的提升组件在车架上的布置示意图；
图5为依据本公开内容实施例的提升组件的结构示意图；
图6为图2中第一盖板的结构示意图；
图7为图3中第二盖板以及隔板的结构示意图；
图8为依据本公开内容实施例的锁定装置在车架上的布置示意图；
图9为图8中锁定装置的结构示意图；
图10为依据本公开内容实施例的具有导向装置的下车架的结构示意图；
图11为图10中翻转组件的结构示意图；
图12为图10中伸缩组件的结构示意图；
图13为图10所示的具有导向装置的下车架吊装20ft集装箱的结构示意图；
图14为图10所示的具有导向装置的下车架吊装40ft集装箱的结构示意图；
图15为图10所示的具有导向装置的下车架吊装45ft集装箱的结构示意图；
图16为依据本公开内容实施例的空中轨道集装箱运输方法的流程示意图；以及
图17为通过依据本公开内容实施例的空中运输车辆吊装集装箱的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开内容实施例中的附图，对本公开内容实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开内容一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开内容中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，均属于本公开内容保护的范围。
本公开内容实施例提供了一种包括所述车架的空中运输车辆，以解决现有技术中集装箱同空中运输车辆的车体的装配连接操作较为繁琐的技术问题。
本公开内容实施例提供了一种车架、包括所述车架的空中运输车辆以及利用所述空中运输车辆的空中轨道集装箱运输方法，以解决现有技术中集装箱与空中运输车辆的车体的装配连接操作过程较为繁琐的技术问题。
图1为依据本公开内容实施例的空中运输车辆的结构示意图。结合图1，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，所述空中运输车辆可以包括车架、转向架1、车钩缓冲装置2。其中，车架可依次设置有多个，每个车架上均可装配有至少两个转向架1，相邻的两个车架之间可以通过车钩缓冲装置2连接。转向架1可在空中轨道上行走，进而带动多个车架在空中轨道上行走。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，转向架1可以选用非动力转向架，相比于具有驱动功能的转向架，在不影响车架行走的前提下，可减轻车辆重量。
结合图1，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，车架可以包括上车架3和下车架4；当车架在空中轨道上行走时，上车架3和下车架4可相对锁定；当车架需要装配集装箱时，可以操作上车架3和下车架4，使二者分离。
图2为图1中上车架的结构示意图。结合图2，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，上车架3可以通过至少两个转向架1而悬挂在空中轨道上，其可以包括第一纵梁3.1以及两个第一横梁3.2，并且两个第一横梁3.2可以沿集装箱的长度方向相对设置在第一纵梁3.1上。
图3为图1中下车架的结构示意图。结合图3，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，下车架4可以包括第二纵梁4.1以及两个第二横梁4.2，第二纵梁4.1可以位于第一纵梁3.1的正下方，并且两个第二横梁可以分别位于两个第一横梁3.1的正下方。
结合图1，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，车架还可以包括提升组件a，提升 组件a至少沿第一方向可以相对设置有两组，并且通过操作至少两组提升组件a可使下车架4和上车架3相互靠近或分离。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第一方向可以为集装箱的长度方向。
图4为依据本公开内容实施例的提升组件a在车架上的布置示意图。图5为提升组件a的结构示意图。结合图4以及图5，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，每组提升组件a均可以包括提升电机5、钢丝绳6以及动滑轮7。其中，提升电机5可以沿第二方向相对设置有两个，两个提升电机5均可固定设置在上车架3上，并且第二方向和第一方向相垂直；动滑轮7和提升电机5可以一一对应设置，两个动滑轮7沿第二方向相对可转动地设置在下车架4上；钢丝绳6和提升电机5、动滑轮7可以一一对应设置，钢丝绳6可以具有第一端和第二端；钢丝绳6的第一端可以缠绕在对应的提升电机5的输出端上，钢丝绳6的第二端可以缠绕在对应的动滑轮7上。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第二方向可以为集装箱的宽度方向，提升组件a可相对设置有两个。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，通过操作至少两组提升组件a可使下车架4和上车架3固定连接或分离，进而实现集装箱空中轨道运输设备的车体与集装箱的装配连接。具体操作为：可以控制提升电机5的输出端转动，使同组的钢丝绳6伸长，进而使同组的动滑轮7下放，带动下车架4下放至预设高度；完成集装箱同下车架4的装配后，可以控制提升电机5的输出端反向转动，使同组的钢丝绳6上升，进而使同组的动滑轮7上升，带动装配有集装箱的下车架4上升；完成上车架3和下车架4的锁定后，即完成了车架与集装箱的装配连接；集装箱的卸载动作相反操作即可。
结合图4以及图5，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，每组提升组件a均还可以包括两个与钢丝绳6对应的定滑轮8；两个定滑轮8可以沿第二方向相对设置，两个定滑轮8可以相对设置在两个提升电机5之间，并且两个定滑轮8均可转动地设置在上车架3上；而两个钢丝绳6的第二端可以分别依次绕过对应的动滑轮7和定滑轮8，并且两个钢丝绳6的第二端可以连接在一起，这样就可以使同一组的两个提升电机5联动，且共用一个钢丝绳6。这是因为，钢丝绳在使用过程中，其长度有可能会发生改变；若每个提升电机对应设置有一个钢丝绳，钢丝绳长时间使用后，会使下车架4发生倾覆，有可能会具有倾角，不利于上车架3和下车架4在靠近后的锁定，也不利于集装箱的运输。在本公开内容的一些实施例中，可以将同一组的两个提升电机共用一个钢丝绳6的设计，这样能根据钢丝绳6的长度自适应，可保证下车架4在集装箱长度方向的两端处于同一高度；下车架4最大可能发生的现象是集装箱长度方向上的倾覆，因而下车架4在集装箱长度方向上的倾覆对上车架3和下车架4在靠近后的锁定、下车架4和集装箱的锁定以及集装箱的运输的不利影响微乎其微。
结合图5，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，连接在一起的两个钢丝绳6上可设置有拉力传感器9，拉力传感器9可以设置在两个定滑轮8之间；拉力传感器9可监控异常状态，如超载等状况，以保证集装箱同车体装配连接的可靠性。
结合图4以及图5，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，每个提升电机5的输出轴上均可以固定设置有一个卷筒10，并且钢丝绳6的第一端可以缠绕在对应的提升电机的卷筒上；提升电机5的驱动可带动卷筒10的转动，进而能够实现钢丝绳6在卷筒10上的收卷。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，卷筒10可内置减速箱，这样可以降低卷筒10的转速，从而可使下车架4的升降速度降低，以提高下车架4升降的稳定性。
结合图4以及图5，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，上车架3上可以设置有与卷筒10一一对应的卷筒支座11，卷筒10可转动地设置在对应的卷筒支座11上。
结合图4以及图5，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，卷筒支座11可以包括两个相对的支撑板11.1以及一个连接板11.2，并且两个支撑板11.1的同一侧可以通过连接板11.2连接，这就可以使卷筒支座11整体呈U形状；卷筒10通过转轴12可转动地设置在两个支撑板11.1上，而上车架3上可以设置与卷筒支座11对应的安装板13，并且安装板13和对应的卷筒支座11的连接板11.2可以固定连接，以实现卷筒支座11在上车架3上的装配。
结合图2、图4以及图5，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，连接板11.2背向支撑板11.1的侧面上可设置有凹槽11.3，而安装板13上可设置凸起52；安装板13的凸起52可以卡设在对应的卷筒支座11的连接板11.2上的凹槽11.3中，并且安装板13和对应的卷筒支座11的连接板11.2可以通过多个螺栓连接，这样可以提高卷筒支座11在上车架3上装配的可靠性。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，构成卷筒支座11的两个支撑板11.1以及一个连接板11.2可以一体成型，以提高卷筒支座11的强度。
结合图1以及图3，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，提升电机5上还可以设置有制动件14，并且该制动件14和卷筒10可以一一对应设置；制动件14的输出端可操作地作用在卷筒10上，当提升电机5停止工作时，制动件6的输出端可作用在卷筒10上，可防止因集装箱重力等因素造成卷筒10再次运转，提高安全性。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，制动件14也可以设置在上车架3上，而制动件14可以选用制动电机。在本公开内容的一些实施例中，也可以选用其他类型的制动装置，本公开内容对此不做限制。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，用于安装卷筒支座11的安装板13可设置在第一横梁3.2的端部上，而每组提升组件a的两个定滑轮8可通过相应的支架可转动 地设置在第一横梁3.2中，并且每组提升组件a的两个动滑轮7可通过相应的支架可转动地设置在第二横梁4.2中。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，上车架3的底部以及下车架4的顶部均可以设置有与钢丝绳6对应的通孔，以供钢丝绳6穿过。本公开内容对供钢丝绳6通过的通孔的外形不做限制。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，还可以包括锁定装置b，锁定装置b可以设置在下车架4上；当下车架4和上车架3相互靠近时，操作锁定装置b，可使下车架和上车架相互锁定。
结合图2，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，上车架3的底部为第一盖板15。图6为图2中第一盖板的结构示意图。结合图6，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第一盖板1上可以设置有多个锁孔24。
结合图3，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，下车架4的顶部为第二盖板16，下车架4的底部为隔板17。图7为图3中第二盖板以及隔板的结构示意图。结合图3以及图7，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第二盖板16和隔板17可以固定连接，隔板17可以位于第二盖板16的下方。
图8为依据本公开内容实施例的锁定装置b在车架上的布置示意图。图9为图8中锁定装置b的结构示意图。结合图8以及图9，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，锁定装置b主要可以包括转销组件、定销组件以及驱动组件。
结合图8以及图9，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，转销组件可以包括转销18、锁头19以及转柄20。其中，第二盖板16以及隔板17上可以设置有转销18对应的第一通孔54，并且转销18可以固定穿过第二盖板16以及隔板17上与其对应的第一通孔54；锁头19可以固定设置在转销18的头部，并且锁头19可在对应的锁孔24内转动；而转柄20可以固定设置在转销18的底部，转柄20的周面上可以间隔设置有第一限位面20.1和第二限位面20.2，并且转柄20可以位于隔板17下方。
结合图8以及图9，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，转销组件可以包括顶销21、限位块22以及复位弹簧23。其中，顶销21的中心轴和转销18的中心轴可以平行设置，并且第二盖板16以及隔板17上均可设置有和顶销21对应的第二通孔55；顶销21可在第二盖板16以及隔板17上的第二通孔55内伸缩，即顶销21可操作地沿顶销21的中心轴升降，并且顶销21上可以有支撑凸起53；限位块22可以固定设置在顶销21的底部，并且限位块22可以位于隔板17下方；限位块22可操作地与第一限位面20.1或第二限位面20.2相配合，以锁定转柄20；复位弹簧23可以套装在顶销21上，并且复位弹簧23可以设置在支撑凸起53和限位块22之间。在本公开内容的一些实施例中，在下车架中，复位弹簧23可以设置在支撑凸起53和隔板17之 间，即复位弹簧23的上端可以与支撑凸起53连接，并且复位弹簧23的下端可以设置在隔板17上。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，驱动组件主要可以包括驱动机构c，驱动机构c的输出端和转柄20可以连接，并且操作驱动机构c可带动转柄20转动。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，当需要将上车架3和下车架4锁定时，可以通过提升组件a控制下车架4上升，使下车架4上的转销18上的锁头19穿过上车架3上对应的锁孔24；此时，顶销21被上车架3下压，限位块22同步压下，进而使下车架4上的转柄20解除锁定；此时，复位弹簧23处于压缩状态；操作驱动机构c，带动转柄20转动一定角度，进而使锁头19也转动一定角度，使锁头19不能从上车架3上的锁孔24中脱落；再通过提升组件a控制下车架4降落微小高度，进而复位弹簧23复位，带动顶销21以及限位块22复位；此时，限位块22和转柄20相配合，使转柄20被限位块22机械卡死，进而上车架3和下车架4完成刚性锁定；在本公开内容的一些实施例中，使上车架3以及下车架4分离的动作，相反操作即可完成。
结合图9，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，锁头19的周面上可以相对设置有两个切面25，并且锁头19的周面上还可以相对设置两个限位凸起26；限位凸起26可以位于两个切面25之间，并且两个切面25之间的距离可以小于锁孔24的宽度，两个限位凸起26之间的距离可以大于锁孔24的宽度，并小于锁孔24的长度；当转销18处于解锁状态时，锁头19可以在锁孔内活动伸缩；当转销18处于锁定状态时，两个限位凸起26可以挂设在第一盖板上，且不能在锁孔24内活动伸缩，以保证锁定的可靠性。
结合图9，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，转销18上还可以间隔设置有锁座27以及承载台28，并且锁座27以及承载台28可以依次设置在锁头19和转柄20之间；锁头19和锁座27之间可以具有第一间隙，并且第二盖板16可卡设在该第一间隙中；承载台28和转柄20之间可以具有第二间隙，隔板17即卡设在该第二间隙中。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，锁座27和承载台28之间可以为球面配合，即转销18被分割成两部分；锁座27以上为第一部分，承载台28为第二部分；第一部分通过锁头19和锁座27之间可以具有第一间隙，并且同第二盖板16连接；而第二部分通过承载台28和转柄20之间的第二间隙，可以与隔板17连接；同时，锁座27和承载台28之间可以为球面配合，即第一部分和第二部分可以为球面配合，可使第一部分相对第二部分产生浮动，以适应上车架以及下车架4锁定时的撞击，具有很好的实用性。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，锁座27的底部可以采用球形凹面，而承载台28的顶部可以采用球形凸面。在本公开内容的一些实施例中，二者还可以相反设置， 本公开内容对此不作限制。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第二盖板16上被转销18穿过的第一通孔54可以设置为腰形孔，以使第一部分可以在该第一通孔54中具有圆锥形摆动。
结合图9，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，转销18上还可以设置有第一定位块29，并且第一定位块29可以固定设置在转销18的底部；第一定位块29可以紧贴转柄20设置，这样可以对转柄20锁紧，保证转柄20连接的可靠性。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第一定位块29可以采用横向螺栓或开口销等形式，本公开内容对此不作限制。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，转柄20的周面上间隔设置的第一限位面20.1和第二限位面20.2可以为凹槽形式，当限位块22位于凹槽中时，即可限制转柄20的转动。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，在上车架3的第一盖板15上还可以设置有第三通孔，并且该第三通孔可以被顶销头部穿过，进而可以为顶销21的移动提供导向。
结合图8以及图9，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，顶销组件还可以包括套筒30，并且套筒30可以固定设置在隔板17的底部；顶销21可在套筒30内伸缩，并且限位块22位于套筒30下部。当复位弹簧复位时，限位块22可以顶靠住套筒30的底部设置，即套筒30具有限位作用，可使限位块22处于既定的锁定位置，保证锁定的可靠性。
结合图9，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，顶销21上还可以设置有第二定位块31，并且第二定位块31可以固定设置在顶销21的底部；第二定位块31可以紧贴限位块22设置，这样可以对限位块22锁紧，保证限位块22连接的可靠性。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第二定位块31可以采用横向螺栓或开口销等形式，本公开内容对此不作限制。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，驱动机构c带动转柄20转动的角度可以设定为90°。在本公开内容的一些实施例中，该角度也可以为其他设定角度，本公开内容对此不作限制。
结合图9，在本公开内容的一些实施例中驱动机构c可以包括驱动件32、第一连杆33以及第二连杆34。驱动件32的输出端可以做直线往返运动，并且第一连杆33可以呈L形；驱动件32的输出端和第一连杆33的一端可转动连接，并且第一连杆33的另一端和第二连杆34的一端可转动连接，第二连杆22的另一端和转柄20可转动连接，这样，通过控制驱动件32的输出端工作，即可实现转柄20的转动。
结合图9，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，驱动机构c还可以包括第三连杆35以及第四连杆36，并且第三连杆35的一端可以连接在第一连杆33的拐角处；第 三连杆35的另一端可以向背离第二连杆22的方向延伸，并且第三连杆35的另一端和第四连杆36的一端可转动连接；第四连杆36和另一个转柄20可转动连接，这样，就可以通过一个驱动件32，实现两个转柄20的转动，进而实现两个锁定装置b的驱动。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，还可以包括两个相对且固定设置的导向板37，并且第三连杆35可以活动穿过两个导向板37，这样第三连杆35可以为直线运动，进而将第四连杆36和第二连杆22小型化，以优化下车架4的布置。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，导向板37可以固定在下车架4的第二盖板16以及隔板17上；而驱动件32也可以固定在固定座38上，并且该固定座38可以固定设置在下车架4的第二盖板16的底部。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，驱动件可以选用为伺服电动推杆，或者其他机构，例如液压缸等，本公开内容对此不作限制。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，在下车架4上还可以设置有与限位块22一一对应的位置传感器；当限位块22下降到预设位置时，可以被与其对应的位置传感器感应，进而控制驱动件开始工作，具有自动化操作的特点。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，每个第二横梁4.2内均可以设置有一个锁定装置b，并且该锁定装置b的驱动件可以沿横向伸缩。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，在下车架4和上车架3分离后，需要快速地将下车架4和集装箱装配连接。为了实现不同规格的集装箱同下车架4的快速装配连接，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，车架还可以包括导向装置d。
结合图3，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，下车架4还可以包括第三横梁4.3以及第四横梁4.4。其中，第三横梁4.3以及第四横梁4.4的中部均可以固定设置在第二纵梁4.1上；第三横梁4.3可以相对设置有两个，并且第四横梁4.4也可以相对设置有两个；两个第四横梁4.4可以位于第二纵梁4.1的两端，两个第三横梁4.3可以位于两个第四横梁4.4之间。
结合图3，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第二横梁4.2可以位于同一侧的第三横梁4.3以及第四横梁4.4之间。
图10为依据本公开内容实施例的具有导向装置d的下车架4的结构示意图。结合图10，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，导向装置d主要可以包括第一导板39、第二导板40以及第三导板41。
结合图1，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，每个第三横梁4.3以及第四横梁4.4的两端均可以相对设置有第一导板39，并且每个第三横梁4.3和第四横梁4.4上的两个第一导板39可以沿横向设置；每个第三横梁4.3和第四横梁4.4上的两个第一 导板39的导向面可以相对设置。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，每个第三横梁4.3和第四横梁4.4上的两个第一导板39之间的尺寸和集装箱的宽度可以相一致。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第一导板39可以采用一体成型或焊接的方式连接在第三横梁4.3或第四横梁4.4的端部上，本公开内容对此不作限制。
结合图10，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，每个第三横梁4.3上均还可以设置有第二导板40，并且两个第三横梁4.3上的第二导板40可以沿纵向相对设置；两个第三横梁4.3上的第二导板40的导向面可以相对设置，并且第二导板40和第三横梁4.3可翻转连接。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第二导板40可通过翻转组件与第三横梁4.3可翻转地连接。图11为图10中翻转组件的结构示意图。结合图10以及图11，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，翻转组件可以包括第一驱动件42、第五连杆43、第六连杆44以及连接轴45。其中，第一驱动件42可以固定设置在本体上，并且第一驱动件42的输出端可沿横向伸缩；第五连杆43以及第六连杆44均可以具有相对的第一端和第二端，并且第五连杆43的第一端和第一驱动件42的输出端可转动连接；第五连杆43的第二端和第六连杆44的第一端可转动连接，并且连接轴45可转动地设置在第三横梁4.3的端部；第二导板40的上端固定连接在连接轴45上，并且连接轴45和第六连杆44的第二端可转动连接。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第一驱动件42不工作时，第二导板40可以处于竖直状态，控制第二驱动件7的输出端伸出；可通过第五连杆43以及第六连杆44带动连接轴45转动，进而带动第二导板40向第一横梁内部收拢；待第二导板40处于水平状态时，第一驱动件42停止工作。即在本公开内容的一些实施例中，可以通过第一驱动件42的驱动，使第二导板40处于竖直状态或水平状态。
结合图10，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第三横梁4.3内可以固定设置有两个第一固定支座46，第一驱动件42可以设置在第三横梁4.3内，并且第一驱动件42可以固定设置在两个第一固定支座46上，以实现第一驱动件42的定位。
结合图10，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第三横梁4.3的端部可以设置有限位板47，并且限位板47可以位于第二导板40的非导向面的一侧；限位板47可以限制第二导板40向第三横梁4.3的外侧翻转，使其只能按照设定的工作路径进行翻转。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，两个处于水平状态的第二导板40之间的距离可以与20ft集装箱的纵向尺寸相一致，以用于对20ft集装箱的纵向进行导向。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第二导板40也可以设置为四个，即每个第三 横梁4.3上均可以设置有两个第二导板40，并且每个第三横梁4.3上的两个第二导板40可以分别位于第二纵梁4.1两侧，即通过四个呈方形布置的导板对20ft集装箱的纵向进行导向。
结合图10，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第三导板41可以设置有两个，并且两个第三导板41可以相对设置在第二纵梁4.1的两端；两个第三导板41的导向面相对设置，并且第三导板41可沿第二纵梁的长度方向伸缩。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，在初始状态下，两个第三导板41之间的距离可以与40ft集装箱的纵向尺寸相一致，以用于对40ft集装箱的纵向进行导向；可以控制第三导板41，使两个第三导板41之间的距离与45ft集装箱的纵向尺寸相一致，以用于对45ft集装箱的纵向进行导向。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第三导板通过伸缩组件可沿纵梁的长度方向伸缩。图12为图10中伸缩组件的结构示意图。结合图12，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，伸缩组件可以包括第二驱动件48以及连接梁49。其中，第二驱动件48可以固定设置在本体上，并且第二驱动件48的输出端可沿中纵向伸缩；连接梁49可滑动地设置在本体上，并且连接梁49的一端和第二驱动件48的输出端可以固定连接；第三导板41的上端可以固定设置在连接梁49的另一端上，并且第三导板41的下端可以沿竖向向下延伸；这样，通过控制第二驱动件48的输出端伸缩，即可实现第三导板41的伸缩。
结合图10以及图12，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第二纵梁4.1内可固定设置有第二固定支座50，第二驱动件48可以设置在第二纵梁4.1内，并且第二驱动件48和第二固定支座50可以固定连接。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第二纵梁4.1内部的底壁上可设置有滑槽，连接梁4可以滑动设置在滑槽中，以对连接梁4的移动进行导向。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第三导板41也可以设置有更多数量，但考虑空间限制，本公开内容优选设置为两个。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第一驱动件42以及第二驱动件48均可以选用伺服电动推杆。在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第一驱动件42以及第二驱动件48也可以选用其他类型的直线往复运动，例如电机或油缸等。本公开内容对此不作限制。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第一导板39、第二导板40以及第三导板41的导向面均可以为斜面，这样可以使下车架4和集装箱在水平方向上有一定范围的偏差，以方便下车架和集装箱的装配。
图13为图1所示的具有导向装置d的下车架4吊装20ft集装箱的结构示意图。结合图4，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，当需要吊装20ft集装箱时，可以控制 第三横梁4.3上的第二导板40，使第二导板40处于竖直状态；当需要将下车架4下降时，可以利用两个第三横梁4.3上的第一导板39对20ft集装箱的横向导向，并且利用两个第三横梁4.3上的第二导板40对20ft集装箱的纵向进行导向，以使下车架4和20ft集装箱能快速锁定。
图14为图10所示的具有导向装置d的下车架4吊装40ft集装箱的结构示意图。结合图13，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，当需要吊装40ft集装箱时，可以控制第三横梁4.3上的第二导板40，使第二导板40处于水平状态，以避免下车架4和40ft集装箱在装配时产生干涉；同时，可以控制第三导板41，使两个第三导板41之间的距离与40ft集装箱的纵向尺寸相一致；利用第三横梁4.3以及第四横梁4.4上的第一导板39对40ft集装箱的横向导向，并且利用两个第三导板41对40ft集装箱的纵向导向，以使下车架4和40ft集装箱能快速进行锁定。
图15为图10所示的具有导向装置d的下车架4吊装45ft集装箱的结构示意图。结合图14，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，当需要吊装45ft集装箱时，可以控制第三横梁4.3上的第二导板40，使第二导板40处于水平状态，以避免下车架4和45ft集装箱在装配时产生干涉；同时，可以控制第三导板41，使两个第三导板41之间的距离与45ft集装箱的纵向尺寸相一致；利用第三横梁4.3以及第四横梁4.4上的第一导板39对45ft集装箱的横向导向，并且利用两个第三导板41对45ft集装箱的纵向导向，以使下车架4和45ft集装箱能快速进行锁定。
由上述可知，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，通过控制第二导板的翻转以及第三导板的伸缩，可适应不同规格的集装箱与下车架4的装配，方便快捷，具有很好的通用性和实用性。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，下车架4和集装箱可以通过锁具进行装配连接；该锁具和现有技术中通过顶升设备将集装箱同空中车辆连接的锁具相一致，本公开内容对此不做限制。
结合图1，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，可以在第三横梁4.3的两端设置有集装箱防坠装置51；当下车架4和集装箱装配后，集装箱防坠装置会拖住集装箱，以提高集装箱转运时的安全性。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，集装箱防坠装置的具体结构，在申请号为“201811638159.0”、名称为“集装箱防坠装置”专利申请中已经进行了相关描述，本公开内容对此不再赘述。
基于上述空中运输车辆，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，还提供了一种空中轨道集装箱运输方法。图16为依据本公开内容实施例的一种空中轨道集装箱运输方法的流程示意图。结合图16，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，该方法可以包括：
S1：空中运输车辆空载行驶到位后停止，此时集装箱位于车辆正下方；
S2：操作提升组件a，使上车架3和下车架4分离，并使下车架4下放至预设高度；
S3：完成下车架4与集装箱的锁定；
S4：操作提升组件a，使下车架4与集装箱整体上升；
S5：操作锁定装置b，使上车架3和下车架4锁定；
S6：空中运输车辆在完成装箱过程后，启动运输。
需要说明的是，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，可以通过集卡、AGV车辆、地面等平台上将集装箱运输至车辆正下方，而下车架下放至预设的高度，略高于集装箱的顶部。
图17为依据本公开内容实施例的空中运输车辆吊装集装箱的示意图。结合图17，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，利用空中运输车辆吊装集装箱的具体步骤依次可以包括：空中运输车辆空载行驶到位后停止，此时集装箱位于车辆正下方；操作提升组件a，使上车架3和下车架4分离；操作提升组件a，使下车架4下落；下车架上的集装箱防坠装置打开，并打开与集装箱车型对应的导向装置d；操作下车架4和集装箱之间的锁具，完成下车架4与集装箱的锁定；操作提升组件a，使下车架4与集装箱整体上升；下车架4上的集装箱防坠装置收缩，使集装箱防坠装置拖住集装箱；操作提升组件a和锁定装置b，使上车架3和下车架4锁定；空中运输车辆在完成装箱过程后，可以启动运输。卸箱过程动作反之。
综上所述，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，所述空中运输车辆以及运输方法，可以通过自身设备即可实现空中运输车辆与集装箱的快速装配连接，操作简单，且自动化程度高，具有很好的实用性。
以上所举实施例为本公开内容的较佳实施方式，仅用来方便说明本公开内容，并非对本公开内容作任何形式上的限制，任何所述技术领域中具有通常知识者，若在不脱离本公开内容所提技术特征的范围内，利用本公开内容所揭示技术内容所作出局部更动或修饰的等效实施例，并且未脱离本公开内容的技术特征内容，均仍属于本公开内容技术特征的范围内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种车架，包括：
    上车架；
    下车架；
    提升组件，所述提升组件至少沿第一方向相对设置有两组，通过操作至少两组所述提升组件可使所述下车架和所述上车架相互靠近或分离；
    锁定装置，所述锁定装置设置在所述下车架上，当所述下车架和所述上车架相互靠近时，操作所述锁定装置，可使所述下车架和所述上车架相互锁定；
    导向装置，所述导向装置设置所述下车架上，当所述下车架和所述上车架相互分离时，操作所述导向装置，可使不同规格的集装箱同所述下车架快速装配连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的车架，其中，每组所述提升组件均包括提升电机、钢丝绳以及动滑轮；
    并且其中所述提升电机沿第二方向相对设置有两个，两个所述提升电机均固定设置在所述上车架上，并且所述第二方向和所述第一方向相垂直；
    所述动滑轮和所述提升电机一一对应设置，并且两个所述动滑轮沿所述第二方向相对可转动地设置在所述下车架上；
    所述钢丝绳和所述提升电机、所述动滑轮一一对应设置，并且所述钢丝绳具有第一端和第二端；
    所述钢丝绳的第一端缠绕在对应的所述提升电机的输出端上，并且所述钢丝绳的第二端缠绕在对应的所述动滑轮上。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的车架，其中，每组所述提升组件还包括两个与所述钢丝绳对应的定滑轮；
    两个所述定滑轮沿所述第二方向相对设置，两个所述定滑轮相对设置在两个所述提升电机之间，并且两个所述定滑轮均可转动地设置在所述上车架上；
    两个所述钢丝绳的第二端分别依次绕过对应的所述动滑轮和所述定滑轮，并且两个所述钢丝绳的第二端连接在一起。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的车架，其中，连接在一起的两个所述钢丝绳上设置有拉力传感器，并且所述拉力传感器设置在两个所述定滑轮之间。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的车架，其中，每个所述提升电机的输出轴上均固定设置有一个卷筒，并且所述钢丝绳的第一端缠绕在对应的所述提升电机的所述卷筒上。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的车架，其中，所述锁定装置包括：
    转销；
    锁头，所述锁头固定设置在所述转销的头部；
    转柄，所述转柄固定设置在所述转销的底部，并且所述转柄的周面上间隔设置有第一限位面和第二限位面；
    顶销，所述顶销的中心轴和所述转销的中心轴平行设置，所述顶销可操作地沿所述顶销的中心轴升降，并且所述顶销上设置有支撑凸起；
    限位块，所述限位块固定设置在所述顶销的底部，并且所述限位块可操作地与所述第一限位面或所述第二限位面相配合；
    复位弹簧，所述复位弹簧套装在所述顶销上，并且所述复位弹簧设置在所述支撑凸起和限位块之间；
    驱动机构，所述驱动机构的输出端和所述转柄连接，并且操作所述驱动机构可带动所述转柄转动；
    并且其中所述上车架包括第一盖板，所述第一盖板位于所述上车架的底部，所述第一盖板上设置有锁孔，所述锁定装置的锁头可在所述锁孔内转动；
    所述下车架包括间隔设置的第二盖板以及隔板，并且所述第二盖板和所述隔板固定连接；
    所述第二盖板位于所述下车架的顶部，并且所述隔板位于所述第二盖板的下方；
    所述第二盖板以及所述隔板上均设置有与所述锁定装置的转销对应的第一通孔，所述转销固定穿过所述第二盖板以及所述隔板上对应的第一通孔；
    所述转柄位于所述隔板下方；
    所述第二盖板以及所述隔板上均设置有与所述锁定装置的顶销对应的第二通孔；
    所述顶销可在所述第二盖板以及所述隔板上的第二通孔内伸缩，并且所述复位弹簧设置在所述支撑凸起和所述隔板之间。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的车架，其中，所述转销上还间隔设置有锁座以及承载台，并且所述锁座以及所述承载台依次设置在所述锁头和所述转柄之间；
    所述锁头和所述锁座之间具有第一间隙，并且所述第二盖板卡设在所述第一间隙中；
    所述承载台和所述转柄之间具有第二间隙，所述隔板卡设在所述第二间隙中，且，并且所述锁座和所述承载台之间为球面配合。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的车架，其中，所述锁定装置还包括套筒，并且所述套筒固定设置在所述隔板的底部；
    所述顶销可在所述套筒内伸缩，并且所述限位块位于所述套筒下部。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的车架，其中，所述下车架包括第二纵梁、第三横梁以及第四横梁；
    所述第三横梁以及所述第四横梁的中部均固定设置在所述第二纵梁上，并且所述第三横梁以及所述第四横梁均相对设置有两个；
    两个所述第四横梁位于所述第二纵梁的两端，并且两个所述第三横梁位于两个所述第四横梁之间；
    所述导向装置包括第一导板、第二导板以及第三导板；
    每个所述第三横梁以及所述第四横梁的两端均相对设置有所述第一导板，并且每个所述第三横梁和所述第四横梁上的两个所述第一导板沿横向设置；
    每个所述第三横梁和所述第四横梁上的两个所述第一导板的导向面相对设置；
    每个所述第三横梁上还设置有所述第二导板，并且两个所述第三横梁上的所述第二导板沿纵向相对设置；
    两个所述第三横梁上的所述第二导板的导向面相对设置，并且所述第二导板和所述第三横梁可翻转连接；
    所述第三导板设置有两个，并且两个所述第三导板相对设置在所述第二纵梁的两端；
    两个所述第三导板的导向面相对设置，并且所述第三导板可沿所述第二纵梁的长度方向伸缩。
  10. 一种空中运输车辆，包括权利要求1～9中任一项所述的车架。
  11. 一种空中轨道集装箱运输方法，所述方法是利用权利要求10所述的空中运输车辆进行的；
    所述方法包括：
    所述空中运输车辆空载行驶到位后停止，所述集装箱位于所述空中运输车辆正下方；
    操作所述提升组件，使所述上车架和所述下车架分离，并使所述下车架下放至预设高度；
    完成所述下车架与所述集装箱的锁定；
    操作所述提升组件，使所述下车架与所述集装箱整体上升；
    操作所述锁定装置，使所述上车架和所述下车架锁定；
    所述空中运输车辆完成装箱过程后启动运输。
PCT/CN2020/105224 2019-12-31 2020-07-28 一种车架、空中运输车辆以及空中轨道集装箱运输方法 WO2021135194A1 (zh)

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