WO2021072894A1 - 一种大跨度散料输送系统 - Google Patents

一种大跨度散料输送系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021072894A1
WO2021072894A1 PCT/CN2019/119361 CN2019119361W WO2021072894A1 WO 2021072894 A1 WO2021072894 A1 WO 2021072894A1 CN 2019119361 W CN2019119361 W CN 2019119361W WO 2021072894 A1 WO2021072894 A1 WO 2021072894A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arm
conveyor
conveying
conveying arm
balance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/119361
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘洋
尹来容
蔡烁
陈春莲
胡林
肖乐
黄龙
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长沙理工大学
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Publication of WO2021072894A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021072894A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G15/00—Conveyors having endless load-conveying surfaces, i.e. belts and like continuous members, to which tractive effort is transmitted by means other than endless driving elements of similar configuration
    • B65G15/22—Conveyors having endless load-conveying surfaces, i.e. belts and like continuous members, to which tractive effort is transmitted by means other than endless driving elements of similar configuration comprising a series of co-operating units
    • B65G15/26—Conveyors having endless load-conveying surfaces, i.e. belts and like continuous members, to which tractive effort is transmitted by means other than endless driving elements of similar configuration comprising a series of co-operating units extensible, e.g. telescopic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G63/00—Transferring or trans-shipping at storage areas, railway yards or harbours or in opening mining cuts; Marshalling yard installations
    • B65G63/02—Transferring or trans-shipping at storage areas, railway yards or harbours or in opening mining cuts; Marshalling yard installations with essentially horizontal transit otherwise than by bridge
    • B65G63/027—Transferring or trans-shipping at storage areas, railway yards or harbours or in opening mining cuts; Marshalling yard installations with essentially horizontal transit otherwise than by bridge for bulk material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
    • B65G65/28—Piling or unpiling loose materials in bulk, e.g. coal, manure, timber, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C17/00—Overhead travelling cranes comprising one or more substantially horizontal girders the ends of which are directly supported by wheels or rollers running on tracks carried by spaced supports
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/68—Jibs foldable or otherwise adjustable in configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/84—Slewing gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G2201/00—Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
    • B65G2201/04—Bulk

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a large-span bulk material conveying system, which belongs to the field of conveyors.
  • a sand carrier is used to transport the sand to the river embankment through the sand transport ship, and the sand and gravel are transported to the stockyard through the transportation equipment beside the river embankment, and the materials are stacked.
  • belt conveyors are the preferred conveying equipment. The conveyor can only transport sand and gravel to the place along the conveyor belt, so the current large-scale stockyard still has problems such as insufficient site utilization and low conveyor efficiency.
  • the traditional solution is to use other equipment to transport the sand and gravel again, which will inevitably increase the cost and management difficulty.
  • the prior art has a folding conveying arm to realize the function of long-distance transportation and storage.
  • this kind of folding arm is generally folded in two sections, and the three-section folding is basically assisted by various equipment such as hydraulic cylinders, but only The hydraulic cylinder can't be fully deployed yet, and it has to rely on auxiliary structures.
  • the conveyor of the prior art has a single form of counterweight and cannot realize multi-stage variable counterweight. Especially for large-scale equipment, it is more difficult to realize multi-stage variable counterweight.
  • the stroke control in the prior art is often just a limiter such as a bump, an anti-collision block, etc.
  • this kind of limiter has a single structure and cannot realize dynamic stroke control.
  • the folding and unfolding states of the folding arm are all large-scale equipment in motion, its dynamic stroke control is particularly important, and the prior art does not solve this problem.
  • the prior art lacks a stable connection relationship between the upstream conveyor and the downstream conveyor, and lacks a functional connection relationship, which wastes resources and efficiency.
  • the flood season is from April to September each year, with the highest water level reaching 39.21m, and the dry season from October to March of the following year, with the lowest water level being as low as 25.15m.
  • the sand unloading ship of the sand and gravel plant can carry out normal sand unloading in the wet season but cannot carry out the sand unloading in the dry season. Therefore, it is necessary to design a cross-dike lift-type feeding device to send the sand and gravel to the stockyard.
  • the prior art hopper usually uses a large-area bracket, that is, the bracket is often a whole panel, so that the bracket has enough strength to support the valve plate under the hopper; occasionally there are foot-type brackets to fix the valve plate on the feet , But this way the valve plate has a large area, which adds a lot of weight and range of motion.
  • the problem of the force on the lower guide rail is a big problem, especially in the cross-bank lifting type feeding and conveying equipment, the first telescopic conveyor is located on the second telescopic conveyor, and the second telescopic conveyor The force problem of the conveyor has been plagued all the time. Generally, a larger volume and solid design are used for insurance.
  • the oblique pulling movement device of the prior art such as the lifting feeding trolley in the cross-bank lifting feeding and conveying equipment, has a solid structure and large consumables.
  • the present invention specifically proposes a horizontally rotating folding arm conveyor.
  • a large-span bulk material conveying system including a folding arm conveyor and a cross-dike lifting conveying equipment
  • the folding arm conveyor includes three conveying arms, tower top (10 ), balance arm (17), tower body (24), underframe (25), hoist, wire rope, gantry, limit device
  • the underframe (25) is fixedly installed in the stockyard by anchor bolts
  • the tower body (24) is also connected to the base frame (25) by bolts;
  • the three conveying arms are respectively a first conveying arm (7), a second conveying arm (4), and a third conveying arm (1), wherein the first conveying arm (7) is mounted on the tower body (24) through a pin shaft ,
  • the second conveying arm (4) is connected to the first conveying arm (7) by a pin
  • the third conveying arm (1) is connected to the second conveying arm by a pin
  • the third conveying arm (1) is a trapezoidal structure
  • the gantry I (5) is installed at the end (4) of the first conveying arm (7) close to the second conveying arm, and the limit device I (6) is also installed at On the first conveying arm;
  • the gantry II (2) is installed on the end of the third conveying arm (1) close to the second conveying arm (4), and the limiting device II (3) is also installed on the third conveying arm;
  • the balance arm (17) is mounted on the tower body (24) through a pin; the tower top (10) is connected to the tower body (24) by bolts; the hoist includes a hoist I (21) and a hoist II ( 20), hoist III (19), hoist IV (18), installed on the balance arm (17) in turn;
  • the wire rope I (11) controlled by the hoist I (21) bypasses the pulley block at the top of the tower, the top pulley block of the gantry I (5), and the pulley block at the bottom of the second conveyor arm (4); the wire rope II (20) controlled by the hoist II (20) 12) Bypass the pulley block installed on the top of the tower (10), and finally bypass the pulley block on the upper part of the second conveying arm (4); the wire rope III (13) controlled by the hoist III (19) goes around the top of the tower (10) in turn The pulley block, the pulley block on the top of the gantry II (2) and the pulley block on the side of the third conveying arm (1); the tower body (24) is equipped with a rotating device (23) and a hopper (22);
  • the distance between the position of the pulley set at the lower part of the second conveying arm and the two ends of the second conveying arm is a first distance and a second distance respectively, and the first distance is twice the second distance;
  • the pulley set on the side of the third conveying arm The distance between the position and the ends of the third conveying arm is the third distance and the fourth distance respectively, and the third distance is twice the fourth distance.
  • the pulley set on the upper part of the second conveying arm and the pulley set on the lower part of the second conveying arm are Set side by side;
  • the cross-dike lifting conveying equipment includes: a rail system (101), a lifting feeding trolley (102), a hopper system (103), a telescopic conveyor (104), a winch (105), and a luffing conveyor (107) ), a fixed conveyor (109), the guide rail system (101) includes a buffer spring (101.1) and a guide rail (101.2), and the buffer spring (101.1) is located directly below the guide rail (101.2);
  • the lifting feeding cart (102) includes a support rod (102.1), a caliper brake (102.2), a lower bottom plate (102.3), a hook (102.4), an upper support plate (102.5), a water level sensor (102.6), and a pliers
  • the brakes (102.3) are installed on both sides of the elevating feeding trolley (102), and the hooks (102.4) are installed in front of the elevating feeding trolley (102);
  • the hopper system (3) includes a hopper (103.1), a bucket door (103.2), a vibrating rod (103.3), a suspension rod (103.4), a rib (103.5), a flat rod (103.6), and a valve rail (103.7) ,
  • the valve plate (103.8), the feet (103.9), the inclined rod (103.10), the inside of the feed hopper (103.1) is equipped with a vibrating rod (103.3), the bottom of the feed hopper is provided with an opening, the valve plate can move the opening and closing station Said opening, the four corners of the feed hopper are provided with four feet, the inner side of the feet are connected with ribs, the four ribs extend upward, the ends of the extensions are connected with the flat rods, and the four flat rods form a square shape and are connected to the On the bottom surface of the hopper, three suspension rods are connected below one of the flat rods, and the lower ends of the three suspension rods are connected to the valve rail.
  • the valve rail moves to open and close the opening; two inclined rods are connected between the two legs on one side of the suspension rod to enhance the support for the suspension rod and the valve plate, and the other three sides are not provided with inclined rods;
  • the four supporting legs are connected to the four corners of the upper support plate (102.5).
  • the balance arm (17) and the conveying arm are respectively installed on both sides of the tower body (24), and the installation position of the balance arm (17) is higher than that of the conveying arm, and the balance arm (17) and the conveying arm pass through
  • the balance arm pull rod (14) and the conveying arm pull rod (8) are connected with the beam at the top of the tower.
  • a driving roller is installed at one end of the first conveying arm (7) close to the tower body (23), and a driven roller is installed at the end of the third conveying arm (1); the first conveying arm (7), the second conveying arm ( 4).
  • the third conveyor arm (1) is equipped with trough roller set, return roller, and pressure roller. The pressure roller is used to prevent the conveyor belt from separating from the roller during the folding and unfolding process of the conveyor arm.
  • the material trolley (9) can move along the conveying arm.
  • the tower top (10) is sequentially installed with three sets of pulley blocks from bottom to top, which are respectively used to bypass the steel rope I (11), the steel rope II (12), and the steel rope III (13).
  • a rotating device (23) is installed on the tower body (24), and the rotating device can drive the conveying arm and the balance arm (17) to rotate in a horizontal plane; the hopper (22) can be inclined relative to the tower body to facilitate For cleaning; the movement of the rotating device (23) and the unloading trolley (9) is controlled by a programmable control system.
  • the first distance is the distance between the position of the pulley block at the lower part of the second conveying arm and the end of the second conveying arm close to the tower body in the unfolded state.
  • the balance arm (17) is provided with a balance trolley (16) and a travel switch; the balance trolley is connected to the winch IV through a wire rope IV, and the movement of the balance trolley is automatically controlled by the winch IV (18) based on PLC programming.
  • each position is equipped with a travel switch, which is named as travel switch I, travel switch II, travel switch III, travel switch IV according to the position from the tower body from near to far; the balance A hook is provided at the lower end of the arm (17) for connecting with the fixed conveyor (109), and the weight of the fixed conveyor (109) is used as a counterweight.
  • travel switch I travel switch II, travel switch III, travel switch IV according to the position from the tower body from near to far
  • the balance A hook is provided at the lower end of the arm (17) for connecting with the fixed conveyor (109), and the weight of the fixed conveyor (109) is used as a counterweight.
  • the telescopic conveyor (104) includes a first telescopic conveyor (104.1) and a second telescopic conveyor (104.5).
  • the first telescopic conveyor (104.1) is located above the second telescopic conveyor (104.5).
  • a telescopic conveyor (104.1) is connected to the middle of the upper support plate (102.5) through a boom connector (102.7), and one end of the first telescopic conveyor (104.1) is equipped with an angle sensor (104.4) and a baffle plate (104.7) );
  • the swing angle of the second telescopic conveyor (104.5) is driven by the leveling cylinder (106.1);
  • the first telescopic conveyor (104.1) is provided with a boom wheel (104.3), the second telescopic conveyor
  • There is a guide rail (104.6) above the machine (104.5) the boom wheel moves on the guide rail
  • the guide rail of the second telescopic conveyor (104.5) is supported by the vertical beam (104.10), and the two vertical beams are connected
  • the hoist (105) is connected to the hook (102.4) through a pulley block; the pitch angle of the luffing conveyor (107) is changed by a hydraulic cylinder (106.2); the fixed conveyor (109) is connected through a connecting piece ( 108) is connected to the luffing conveyor (107); a supporting column (110) is installed under the fixed conveyor (109), and a hanging rod is installed at the end of the fixed conveyor (109), and the hanging rod (119) can face each other
  • the fixed conveyor (109) is rotated by 90 degrees, and the hanging rod can overlap and fix the hook.
  • the dynamic limit of the gantry is realized through the joint action of the support block and the sliding block, thereby playing the role of dynamic support and limit on the steel wire rope and the conveying arm connected to the gantry.
  • the inclined plate on the unloading trolley is used to receive the material in the hopper to obtain the residual material.
  • the double-acting hanging rod can be used as a horizontal connection piece and a horizontal lap joint between upstream and downstream equipment, and it can be rotated by 90 degrees and rotated above.
  • the conveying device is connected so that the entire levee lifting type feeding and conveying equipment is used as a counterweight.
  • the lower end of the balance arm is provided with a hook for connecting with the upstream equipment, and the weight of the upstream equipment is used as a counterweight.
  • the lifting and feeding trolley is used to move up and down through the slope of the river embankment, and then the four steps of overlapping telescopic rail transportation, variable amplitude transportation, and fixed transportation are used to solve the different water level work that adapts to low water and high water. In addition, it is suitable for long and short distance transportation, with wider adaptability and longer transportation distance.
  • a reinforcing rib is used on the feet, and a square hoop (flat rod) set above the reinforcing rib is used as a suspension to ensure the structural strength of the valve plate assembly.
  • a single-sided suspension is provided under the hopper. The structure makes the conveying distance of the valve plate not so large, and at the same time, there is no need to enlarge the area of the valve plate for fixed connection reasons.
  • the stress structure of the second telescopic conveyor is refined, and the material is saved to the maximum on the basis of ensuring the strength through the arrangement of the supporting beam, the inclined beam and the vertical beam.
  • the combined support rods are arranged between the upper support plate and the lower bottom plate to ensure the support strength to the greatest extent and save materials.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the conveying arm in a folded state.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the gantry I pulling up the second conveying arm and the third conveying arm to a vertical state.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the deployment of the second conveying arm and the third conveying arm under gravity and the pulling force of a steel wire rope.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the conveying arm fully deployed.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the conveyor rotating in a horizontal plane.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram when the limit device restricts the position of the gantry.
  • Figure 7 is a program flow chart of the automatic control of the conveyor in the stockyard.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the present invention in the cross-bank conveying and stacking system, and the present invention is located at the end of the stacking system.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the lifting conveying equipment across the embankment.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the feeding trolley.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the feed hopper of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the first telescopic conveyor of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the second telescopic conveyor of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the telescopic conveyor connector of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic cylinder support 6.3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the derivation of the stroke function of the leveling cylinder 6.1 of the present invention.
  • a large-span bulk material conveying system including a folding arm conveyor and a levee lifting type feeding and conveying equipment.
  • the folding arm conveyor includes a three-section conveying arm, a tower top 10, a balance arm 17, a tower body 24, and a base frame 25.
  • the bottom frame 25 is fixedly installed in the stockyard by anchor bolts, and the tower body 24 is also connected to the bottom frame 25 by bolts;
  • the three conveyor arms are respectively The first conveying arm 7, the second conveying arm 4, and the third conveying arm 1, wherein the first conveying arm 7 is mounted on the tower body 24 by a pin, and the second conveying arm 4 is connected to the first conveying arm 7 by a pin ,
  • the third conveying arm 1 is connected to the second conveying arm 4 by a pin, the third conveying arm 1 is a trapezoidal structure, and the conveying arm has a discharging trolley 9;
  • the gantry I5 is installed on the first conveying arm 7 close to the first conveying arm 7
  • the limiting device I6 is also installed on the first conveying arm;
  • the gantry II 2 is installed on the end of the third conveying arm 1 close to the second conveying arm 4, and the limiting device
  • the balance arm 17 is mounted on the tower body 24 through a pin; the tower top 10 is connected to the tower body 24 by bolts; the hoist includes a hoist I 21, a hoist II 20, a hoist III 19, a hoist IV 18, in turn Installed on the balance arm 17, the wire rope I11 controlled by the hoist I21 bypasses the pulley block at the top of the tower, the pulley block at the top of the gantry I5, and the pulley block at the lower part of the second conveying arm 4.
  • the wire rope II 12 controlled by the hoist II 20 passes the pulley block installed on the top 10 of the tower, and finally passes the pulley block located on the upper part of the second conveying arm 4.
  • the wire rope III13 controlled by the hoist III19 sequentially bypasses the pulley block on the top of the tower 10, the pulley block on the top of the gantry II2, and the pulley block on the side of the third conveying arm 1.
  • the tower body is equipped with a rotating device 23 and a hopper 22.
  • the specific steps of the boom unfolding a. Unfold the boom, start the hoist I 21, under the pulling force of the wire rope I 11, the second conveying arm 4 and the third conveying arm 1 will rotate upwards and start the hoist IV at the same time , The balance trolley 16 moves away from the tower body 24; when the second conveying arm 4 will be 90° with the horizontal plane, start the hoist II20, relax the wire rope I11, and the two conveying arms slowly rotate downward under the pulling force of the wire rope II12 ; When the second conveying arm 4 rotates downward through a certain angle, start the hoist III19, the third conveying arm 1 rotates upwards under the traction of the wire rope III19, when the second conveying arm 4, the third conveying arm 1 and the first conveying When the arm 7 is in the same plane, when the front wheel of the balance trolley touches the travel switch II, the balance trolley stops moving, and the conveying arm is expanded; b. Recover the boom, the recovery process is opposite to the operation flow of unfolding the boom, and
  • the slewing device will drive the top of the tower, the conveying arm, and the balance arm to rotate.
  • the gantry and the limit device will no longer continue to rotate. Record the position h 1 /tan ⁇ on the conveyor arm from the tower body as position A, the end of the conveyor arm as position B, the movement of the unloading trolley away from the tower body is recorded as the forward movement of the trolley, and the movement of the unloading trolley closer to the tower body. It is the negative movement of the trolley, and n represents the number of rotations of 15°.
  • the slewing device and the unloading trolley are automatically controlled after programming. If the active drum stops halfway, the slewing device and the unloading trolley will automatically reset.
  • the movement of the turning device and the unloading trolley 9 is controlled by a programmable control system. Assuming that the accumulation angle of sand and gravel is ⁇ , the height of the conveying arm from the ground is h, the allowable height of gravel accumulation is h 1 , and the pile and unloading gravel cannot be buried under the frame, the unloading position of the unloading trolley 9 is the same as that of the tower body. The distance between them must not be less than h 1 /tan ⁇ .
  • a travel switch is installed at the upper moment of the conveyor arm h 1 /tan ⁇ from the tower body and at the end of the conveyor arm, and a position sensor is installed at the bottom of the unloading trolley.
  • the automatic movement of the slewing device and the unloading trolley is as follows: a. After the conveyor arm is unfolded and the active roller starts, the unloading trolley automatically moves to a position h 1 /tan ⁇ away from the tower body for unloading; b. When installed in the unloading The position sensor at the bottom of the trolley detects that the distance between the sand and gravel directly below the unloading trolley and the unloading trolley is hh 1 , and the unloading trolley automatically runs along the conveyor arm for 3 meters away from the tower body, and then repeats the process b until the trolley Run until the end of the conveying arm touches the travel switch; c.
  • the revolving device When the trolley runs to the end of the conveying arm and touches the travel switch, the revolving device will automatically rotate 15° clockwise after unloading again to the specified height, and the unloading trolley will continue to discharge; d.
  • the position sensor detects again that the distance between the sand and gravel directly below the unloading trolley and the unloading trolley is hh 1 , the unloading trolley 9 will automatically move along the conveyor arm to the direction of the tower for 3 meters, and repeat the process d until The trolley touches the travel switch again; e.
  • the rotating device When the unloading trolley 9 runs to the distance h 1 /tan ⁇ from the tower body and touches the travel switch there, the rotating device will automatically rotate clockwise after unloading again to the specified height 15 ° Then repeat the process ae until the conveyor rotates 180° clockwise; f. After the conveyor rotates 180° clockwise and unloading ends, it will automatically rotate 195° counterclockwise; g.
  • the unloading trolley When the position sensor is installed at the bottom of the unloading trolley When it is detected that the distance between the sand and gravel directly under the unloading trolley and the unloading trolley is hh 1 , the unloading trolley will automatically move along the conveyor arm to the direction of the tower body for 3 meters, and then repeat the process g until the unloading trolley touches again To the travel switch; h. When the unloading trolley runs to the distance h 1 /tan ⁇ from the tower body and touches the travel switch there, the conveyor will automatically rotate 15° counterclockwise after unloading again to the specified height; i.
  • the unloading trolley will automatically run along the conveyor arm for 3 meters away from the tower body, and then repeat the process i until the trolley touches again.
  • the travel switch To the travel switch; j.
  • the slewing device automatically rotates 15° counterclockwise, and the unloading trolley continues to unload and repeat the process gj until the conveyor turns 165° counterclockwise and unloads The material is finished; k. After the conveyor rotates 165° counterclockwise, it will automatically rotate 165° clockwise to return to the initial position; l. If the active roller stops halfway, the unloading trolley will automatically reset and the slewing device will also automatically reset.
  • the conveyor is installed at the end of the conveying system, and the material conveyed by the front conveyor is piled up in the stockyard.
  • the lifting conveyor equipment across the embankment includes a rail system 101, a lifting feeding trolley 102, a hopper system 103, a telescopic conveyor 104, a winch 105, a luffing conveyor 107, a fixed conveyor 109, the guide rails
  • the system 101 includes a buffer spring 101.1, a guide rail 101.2, and the buffer spring 101.1 is located directly below the guide rail 101.2
  • the lifting feed cart 102 includes a support rod 102.1, a caliper brake 102.2, a lower base plate 102.3, a hook 102.4, an upper support plate 102.5,
  • the water level sensor 102.6, the caliper brake 102.3 are installed on both sides of the lifting feeding cart 102, the hook 102.4 is installed in front of the lifting feeding cart 102, and the end of the lifting feeding cart 102 is installed with a water level sensor 102.6;
  • the system 103 includes a hopper 103.1, a hopper door 103.2, and a vibrating rod 103.3.
  • the hopper door 103.2 is placed directly below the discharge port of the hopper 103.1, and the vibrating rod 103.3 is placed above the hopper 103.1;
  • the telescopic conveyor 104 includes a first The telescopic conveyor 104.1, the second telescopic conveyor 104.4, the first telescopic conveyor 104.1 is located above the second telescopic conveyor 104.5, the first telescopic conveyor 104.1 is connected to the lifting feeding trolley 102 through the boom connector 102.7, and the second telescopic conveyor 104.1
  • An angle sensor 104.4 is installed at the front end of the conveyor 104.1; the swing angle of the second telescopic conveyor 104.5 is driven by a leveling cylinder 106.1; the winch 105 is connected to a hook 102.4 through a pulley block; a hydraulic cylinder support is installed on the bracket 112 106.3, the pitch angle of the luffing conveyor 107 is changed by a hydraulic cylinder 106.2; the fixed conveyor 109 is connected to the luffing conveyor 107 through a connecting piece 108;
  • the included angle between the lower bottom plate 102.3 and the upper support plate 102.4 of the lifting feeding trolley 102 is equal to the slope of the river embankment, which can ensure that the hopper is always on a horizontal surface and the stability of the feeding.
  • Support rods 102.1 are welded on both sides of the upper support plate 102.4 of the lifting trolley.
  • the support rods 102.1 can ensure the strength of the upper support plate 102.4 and prevent the upper support plate 102.4 from bending.
  • a vibrating rod 103.3 is installed inside the hopper 103, and when the viscosity of the sand is relatively large and the discharge is relatively slow, the vibrating rod 103.3 is activated to speed up the discharge.
  • a boom wheel support frame 104.2 is installed below the first telescopic conveyor 104.1, and a boom wheel 104.3 is installed below the boom wheel support frame 104.2.
  • the first telescopic conveyor 104.1 can be carried along the second telescopic conveyor 104.5. slide.
  • a guide rail 104.6 is installed above the second telescopic conveyor 104.5, and the first telescopic conveyor 104.1 can slide along the guide rail 104.6.
  • a distance sensor 107.1 is installed at the suspended end of the luffing conveyor 107 to detect the vertical distance between the suspended end of the luffing conveyor 107 and the first telescopic conveyor.
  • the distance sensor 107.1 feeds back the distance to the control system to control
  • the system controls the hydraulic cylinder 106.2 to change the pitch angle of the luffing conveyor to avoid interference between the first telescopic conveyor and the luffing conveyor 107.
  • it can also control the drop of the suspended end of the first telescopic conveyor and the luffing conveyor 107.
  • sand and gravel can be transported accurately.
  • the two connecting pieces 108 are hinged to each other to connect the luffing conveyor 107 with the fixed conveyor 109, and the luffing conveyor 107 can rotate around the hinge point.
  • AF in the figure represents the length of the first telescopic conveyor
  • point A represents the starting point of the telescopic conveyor
  • A' represents the time ⁇ t has passed
  • the conveyor moves from point A to A'
  • the first telescopic conveyor is at
  • ⁇ (a known quantity)
  • the angle between the A′ point and the horizontal plane is x
  • EC represents the initial length of the leveling cylinder 106.1
  • E′C represents the leveling cylinder 106.1 after expansion and contraction.
  • point D represents the hinge point of the second telescopic conveyor
  • CD represents the length from the hydraulic cylinder support 106.3 to the hinge point of the second telescopic conveyor, recorded as h (known quantity), so the stroke of the leveling cylinder 106.1 can be obtained Satisfaction function:
  • the working principle of the equipment after the sand unloading ship sends the sand and gravel into the hopper 103, the gravel will first enter the telescopic belt conveyor 104 along the hopper 103, and then pass through the telescopic belt conveyor. After the 104 machine, it will enter the variable amplitude conveyor 107 and finally enter the fixed conveyor 108; in this process, the height of the water level will change at any time, and the water level sensor 102.6 will first detect the change in the water level, and then feed it back to the control system.
  • the control system activates the hoist 105.
  • the hoist 105 acts on the lifting and feeding trolley 102 through a wire rope.
  • the lifting and feeding trolley 102 moves along the dam.
  • the first telescopic conveyor 104.1 is pushed by the lifting and feeding trolley 102. Move along the second telescopic conveyor 104.5.
  • the control system will control the hydraulic cylinder 106, and the hydraulic cylinder 106 pushes the second telescopic conveyor 104.5 so that the first telescopic conveyor 104.1 and the second telescopic conveyor 104.5 are always level;
  • the first telescopic conveyor 104.1 does not exceed the second telescopic conveyor 104.4, the sand and gravel fall from the first telescopic conveyor 104.1 into the second telescopic conveyor 104.5, and then from the second telescopic conveyor 104.5 to the variable amplitude conveyor
  • the luffing conveyor 107 does not need to change the pitch angle; when the first telescopic conveyor 104.1 exceeds the second telescopic conveyor 104.5, the sand and gravel will fall directly from the first telescopic conveyor 104.1
  • the luffing conveyor 107, the luffing conveyor 107 changes the pitch angle under the push of

Abstract

一种大跨度散料输送系统，包括折叠臂输送机与跨堤升降式进料输送装备；折叠臂输送机主要由安装在堆料场地面的底架（25）、安装在底架（25）上的塔身（24）、平衡臂（17）、输送臂、塔顶（10）等主要零部件构成，其中平衡臂（17）、输送臂、塔顶（10）安装在塔身（24）上，在输送臂上设置有龙门架Ⅰ（5）、龙门架Ⅱ（2）、卸料小车（9），塔身（24）上设置有回转装置（23）和料斗（22），平衡臂（17）上设置有平衡小车（16）。大跨度散料输送系统能够实现水平旋转并且可以通过卷扬机控制钢丝绳将输送臂折叠收回，可以防止旋转过程中与其他设备或建筑物相撞，也能有效降低风力作用下输送机发生倾倒的风险，具有结构简单、成本低廉、节省地面空间、自动化控制等特点。

Description

一种大跨度散料输送系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种大跨度散料输送系统，属于输送机领域。
背景技术
当前随着经济社会的快速发展，对砂石的需求量也越来越大，如何对砂石进行全方位运输以及堆放是一个亟待解决的问题。现有技术采用了运砂船，通过运砂船将砂运输到河堤，通过河堤旁的运输设备将砂石运输到堆料场，并进行堆料。大型堆料场中，带式输送机是首选的输送设备。输送机只能将砂石运送到输送带沿线的地方，故目前的大型堆料场依然存在场地利用率不够高、输送机工作效率低等问题。传统的解决办法是运用其他设备将砂石再次转运，如此下来必然增加成本与管理难度。
在输送机的使用过程中，实际存在以下问题：
1、现有技术存在折叠输送臂，实现远距离输送且可收纳的功能，然而这种折叠臂一般是两节折叠，三节折叠的基本都是通过各种设备如液压缸等辅助折叠，然而仅仅液压缸还无法实现完全展开，还要借助辅助结构。
2、现有技术的输送机，配重形式单一，无法实现多级可变配重。尤其是大型设备，更难以实现多级可变配重。
3、现有技术的行程控制，往往只是一个限位件如凸块、防撞块等等，然而这种限位件结构单一，无法实现动态行程控制。尤其是输送机中，由于折叠臂的折叠、展开状态都是大型设备在运动，对其动态行程控制尤其重要，现有技术并没有解决这个问题。
4、现有技术的输送带、料斗输送完毕后，会有部分残留，此时不适宜再将整个系统启动，现有技术没有灵活的解决方式。
5、现有技术的上游输送机与下游输送机之间，缺乏稳定的连接关系，且缺乏功能性连接关系，浪费资源与效率。
6、以湘江长沙段为例，每年4-9月为汛期，最高水位可达39.21m，10月-次年3月为枯水期，最低水位低至25.15m。目前，砂石厂在丰水季节卸沙船可以进行正常卸砂而在枯水季节却无法进行卸砂，因而需要设计一种跨堤升降式进料装置，将砂石送往堆料场。
7、现有技术的料斗，通常采用大面积支架，即支架往往是整块面板，从而使得支架有足够强度支撑所述料斗下方的阀板；偶尔有支脚型支架，将阀板固定在支脚上，但是这样阀板面积很大，增加了很多重量和运动范围。
8、现有技术的重叠导轨之间，位于下方的导轨受力问题是较大问题，尤其是跨堤升降式进料输送装备中，第一伸缩输送机位于第二伸缩输送机，第二伸缩输送机的受力问题一直困扰，一般为了保险，都采用较大的体积和实心设计。
9、现有技术的斜拉运动装置，比如跨堤升降式进料输送装备中的升降进料小车，其结构往往是实心的，耗材较大。
发明内容
为了克服上述问题，本发明针对性地提出了一种水平旋转的折叠臂输送机的方案。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:一种大跨度散料输送系统，包括折叠臂输送机与跨堤升降式输送装备，所述折叠臂输送机包括三节输送臂、塔顶(10)、平衡臂(17)、塔身(24)、底架(25)、卷扬机、钢丝绳、龙门架、限位装置；所述底架(25)通过地脚螺栓固定安装在堆料场中，塔身(24)也通过螺栓与底架(25)相连接；
所述三节输送臂分别为第一输送臂(7)、第二输送臂(4)、第三输送臂(1)，其中第一输送臂(7)通过销轴安装在塔身(24)上，第二输送臂(4)通过销轴连接在第一输送臂(7)上，第三输送臂(1)通过销轴连在第二输送臂上，第三输送臂(1)为梯形结构，输送臂上有卸料小车(9)；所述龙门架Ⅰ(5)安装在第一输送臂(7)靠近第二输送臂的一端(4)，限位装置Ⅰ(6)也安装在第一输送臂上；所述龙门架Ⅱ(2)安装在第三输送臂(1)靠近第二输送臂(4)的一端，限位装置Ⅱ(3)也安装在第三输 送臂上；
所述平衡臂(17)通过销轴安装在塔身(24)上；所述塔顶(10)通过螺栓连接在塔身(24)上；所述卷扬机包括卷扬机Ⅰ(21)、卷扬机Ⅱ(20)、卷扬机Ⅲ(19)、卷扬机Ⅳ(18)，依次安装在平衡臂(17)上；
卷扬机Ⅰ(21)控制的钢丝绳Ⅰ(11)依次绕过塔顶顶端滑轮组、龙门架Ⅰ(5)顶端滑轮组，第二输送臂(4)下部的滑轮组；卷扬机Ⅱ(20)控制的钢丝绳Ⅱ(12)绕过安装于塔顶(10)的滑轮组，最终绕过位于第二输送臂(4)上部的滑轮组；卷扬机Ⅲ(19)控制的钢丝绳Ⅲ(13)依次绕过位于塔顶(10)的滑轮组、龙门架Ⅱ(2)顶端的滑轮组和第三输送臂(1)侧部的滑轮组；所述塔身(24)上安装有回转装置(23)和料斗(22)；
所述第二输送臂下部的滑轮组的位置距离第二输送臂两端的距离分别为第一距离、第二距离，第一距离是第二距离的两倍；所述第三输送臂侧部的滑轮组的位置距离第三输送臂两端的距离分别为第三距离、第四距离，第三距离是第四距离的两倍，所述第二输送臂上部的滑轮组与所述第二输送臂下部的滑轮组并排设置；
所述跨堤升降式输送装备包括：轨道系统(101)、升降进料小车(102)、进料斗系统(103)、伸缩输送机(104)、卷扬机(105)、变幅输送机(107)、固定输送机(109)，所述导轨系统(101)包括缓冲弹簧(101.1)、导轨(101.2)，缓冲弹簧(101.1)位于导轨(101.2)的正下方；
所述升降进料小车(102)包括支撑杆(102.1)、钳式制动器(102.2)、下底板(102.3)、吊钩(102.4)、上支撑板(102.5)、水位传感器(102.6)，钳式制动器(102.3)安装在升降进料小车(102)的两侧，吊钩(102.4)安装在升降进料小车(102)的前方；
所述进料斗系统(3)包括进料斗(103.1)、斗门(103.2)、振动棒(103.3)、悬杆(103.4)、肋(103.5)、平杆(103.6)、阀轨(103.7)、阀板(103.8)、支脚(103.9)、斜杆(103.10)，进料斗(103.1)内部安装有振动棒(103.3)，进料斗下方设有开口，所述阀板可移动启闭所述开口，所述进料斗四角设有四个支脚，所述支脚内侧连接有肋，四个肋向上延伸，延伸的末端连接有所述平杆，四个平杆组成方形并连接在所述进料斗底面，其中一个平杆的下方连接有三根悬杆，三个悬杆下端连接所述阀轨，所述阀轨上 安设有所述阀板，所述阀板可沿着所述阀轨移动，以启闭所述开口；所述悬杆一侧的两个支脚之间连接有两根斜杆，以增强对悬杆和阀板的支撑，其它三侧不设置斜杆；所述四个支脚连接在所述上支撑板(102.5)的四角。
优选的，平衡臂(17)与输送臂分别安装于塔身(24)的两侧，且平衡臂(17)的安装位置高于输送臂的安装位置，平衡臂(17)、输送臂分别通过平衡臂拉杆(14)、输送臂拉杆(8)与位于塔顶顶端的横梁连接。
优选的，第一输送臂(7)靠近塔身(23)的一端安装有主动滚筒，第三输送臂(1)末端安装有从动滚筒；第一输送臂(7)、第二输送臂(4)、第三输送臂(1)上分别装有槽型托辊组、回程托辊、压带轮，压带轮用于防止输送带在输送臂的折叠与展开过程中脱离托辊，卸料小车(9)可以沿着输送臂运动。
优选的，所述塔顶(10)从下往上依次安装有三组滑轮组，分别用来绕过钢丝绳Ⅰ(11)、钢丝绳Ⅱ(12)、钢丝绳Ⅲ(13)。
优选的，塔身(24)上安装有回转装置(23)，回转装置可以带动输送臂与平衡臂(17)在水平面内旋转；所述料斗(22)可相对于所述塔身倾斜，以便于清洗；回转装置(23)和卸料小车(9)的运动通过可编程控制系统控制。
优选的，所述第一距离是展开状态下，所述第二输送臂下部的滑轮组的位置与第二输送臂靠近塔身的一端之间的距离。
优选的，所述平衡臂(17)上设置有平衡小车(16)和行程开关；平衡小车通过钢丝绳Ⅳ与卷扬机Ⅳ相连，并且平衡小车的运动由基于PLC编程自动控制的卷扬机Ⅳ(18)来控制；输送臂处于折叠状态、展开空载状态、展开中载状态、展开重载状态时，平衡小车分别运行到平衡臂上对应的四个位置，小车运行到不同位置是为了平衡输送臂处于不同状态下带来的倾覆力矩；每个位置上分别装有行程开关，根据距离塔身的位置由近及远分别命名为行程开关Ⅰ、行程开关Ⅱ、行程开关Ⅲ、行程开关Ⅳ；所述平衡臂(17)下端设置有卡勾，用于与所述固定输送机(109)连接，并借助所述固定输送机(109)的重量作为配重。
优选的，所述伸缩输送机(104)包括第一伸缩输送机(104.1)、第二伸缩输送机 (104.5)，第一伸缩输送机(104.1)位于第二伸缩输送机(104.5)上方，第一伸缩输送机(104.1)通过臂架连接件(102.7)连接在所述上支撑板(102.5)的正中，第一伸缩输送机(104.1)一端安装有角度传感器(104.4)与挡料板(104.7)；第二伸缩输送机(104.5)的摆动角度通过所述调平油缸(106.1)进行驱动；第一伸缩输送机(104.1)下方设有臂架小轮(104.3)，所述第二伸缩输送机(104.5)上方设有导轨(104.6)，臂架小轮在所述导轨上移动，所述第二伸缩输送机(104.5)的导轨由竖梁(104.10)支撑，两根竖梁之间连接有斜梁(104.9)，两根导轨所在的平面之间设有支撑梁(104.8)，两根导轨下方设有上横梁(104.12)，上横梁下方设有下横梁(104.11)，所述斜梁与所述上横梁相交的位置的左右两侧各设有一根支撑梁，所述竖梁与所述下横梁相交的位置设有一根支撑梁。
优选的，所述卷扬机(105)经过滑轮组与吊钩(102.4)相连；变幅输送机(107)的俯仰角度通过液压油缸(106.2)进行改变；所述固定输送机(109)通过连接件(108)与变幅输送机(107)相连；固定输送机(109)下方安装有支撑立柱(110)，所述固定输送机(109)末端安装有挂杆，所述挂杆(119)可相对于所述固定输送机(109)进行90度转动，所述挂杆可搭接固定所述卡勾。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、针对背景技术第1点问题，在三节输送臂都设置钢丝绳的基础上，采用了多点正反式牵拉的方案，仅仅通过钢丝绳就实现了三节折叠，多点正反式牵拉包括龙门架上的点、下部的滑轮组上的点、上部的滑轮组上的点、侧部的滑轮组上的点等，多点式牵拉通过正拉和反拉实现了三节折叠与展开，避免了使用液压缸与复杂的配合结构，大大节省了成本。
2、针对背景技术第2点问题，采用了移动式平衡车的设计，通过平衡车位于不同的点，获得不同的力臂与力矩，实现了动态配重。
3、针对背景技术第3点，通过支撑块与滑块的共同作用，实现了龙门架的动态限位，从而对龙门架连接的钢丝绳以及输送臂起到了动态支撑限位的作用。
4、针对背景技术第4点，当物料残余时凭借卸料小车上的倾斜板承接料斗中的物料，获取残余物料。
5、针对背景技术第5点，采用了双作用挂杆的设计，双作用挂杆即可以作为上下游之间设备的水平连接件、水平搭接件，又可以通过90度旋转与上方的旋转输送装置连接，使得整个跨堤升降式进料输送装备作为配重。所述平衡臂下端设置有卡勾，用于 与上游设备连接，并借助上游设备的重量作为配重。
6、针对背景技术第6点，采用了升降进料小车通过河堤斜面上下运动，之后通过重叠伸缩轨道输送、变幅输送、固定输送的四大步骤解决适应枯水、丰水的不同水位工况，适应远近距离输送，适应性更广，输送距离更长。
7、针对背景技术第7点，采用了支脚上设置加强肋，加强肋上方设置的方形箍(平杆)作为悬挂件，保证了阀板组件的结构强度，同时通过在料斗下方设置单侧悬挂结构，使得阀板的输送距离不用那么大，同时不用为了固定连接的原因而扩大阀板的面积。
8.针对背景技术第8点，细化了第二伸缩输送机的受力结构，通过支撑梁、斜梁、竖梁之间的布置，保证强度的基础上最大化的节省了材料。
9、针对背景技术第9点，通过上支撑板与下底板之间设置组合式支撑杆，最大程度的保证了支撑强度，节省了材料。
附图说明
图1为输送臂在折叠状态下的示意图。
图2为龙门架Ⅰ将第二输送臂、第三输送臂拉起至竖直状态的示意图。
图3为第二输送臂和第三输送臂在重力和钢丝绳的拉力下展开的示意图。
图4为输送臂全部展开的示意图。
图5为输送机在水平面内旋转的示意图。
图6为限位装置限制龙门架位置时的示意图。
图7为输送机在堆料场中自动控制的程序流程图。
图8为本发明在跨堤输送堆料系统中的示意图，本发明位于该堆料系统的末端。
图9是跨堤升降式输送装备整体结构示意图。
图10是进料小车的整体结构示意图。
图11是本发明的进料斗示意图。
图12是本发明的第一伸缩输送机示意图。
图13是本发明的第二伸缩输送机示意图。
图14是本发明的伸缩输送机连接件示意图。
图15是本发明的液压油缸支座6.3的示意图。
图16是本发明的调平油缸6.1行程函数推导示意图。
附图标记说明：1—第三输送臂、2—龙门架Ⅱ、3—限位装置Ⅱ、4—第二输送臂、 5—龙门架Ⅰ、6—限位装置Ⅰ、7—第一输送臂、8—输送臂拉杆、9—卸料小车、10—塔顶、11钢丝绳Ⅰ、12—钢丝绳Ⅱ、13钢丝绳Ⅲ、14—平衡臂拉杆、15-钢丝绳Ⅳ、16—平衡小车、17—平衡臂、18—卷扬机Ⅳ、19—卷扬机Ⅲ、20—卷扬机Ⅱ、21—卷扬机Ⅰ、22—料斗、23—回转装置、24—塔身、25—底架、26-卸沙船、27-升降进料装置、28-垮堤变幅装置、29-水平旋转的中心折叠臂输送机、30-堆料场、31-河堤、32-隔板、33-下腔、34-支撑块、35-滑块、36-框架、37-上腔、101-轨道系统、101.1-缓冲弹簧、101.2-导轨、102-升降进料小车、102.1-支撑杆、102.2-钳式制动器、102.3-下底板、102.4-吊钩、102.5-上支撑板、102.6-水位传感器、103-进料斗系统、103.1-进料斗、103.2-斗门、103.3-振动棒、103.4-悬杆、103.5-肋、103.6-平杆、103.7-阀轨、103.8-阀板、103.9-支脚、103.10-斜杆、104-伸缩式输送机、104.1-第一伸缩输送机、104.2-臂架小轮支撑架、104.3-臂架小轮、104.4-角度传感器、104.5-第二伸缩输送机、104.6-导轨、104.7-挡料板、104.8-支撑梁、104.9斜梁、104.10-竖梁、104.11-下横梁、104.12-上横梁、105-卷扬机、106-液压油缸系统、106.1-调平油缸、106.2-液压油缸、106.3-液压油缸支座、107-变幅输送机、107.1-距离传感器、108-连接板、109-固定输送机、110-立柱、111-斜坡、112-支架、119-挂杆。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
如图所示：一种大跨度散料输送系统，包括折叠臂输送机与跨堤升降式进料输送装备。折叠臂输送机包括三节输送臂、塔顶10、平衡臂17、塔身24、底架25。还包括卷扬机、钢丝绳、龙门架、限位装置；所述底架25通过地脚螺栓固定安装在堆料场中，塔身24也通过螺栓与底架25相连接；所述三节输送臂分别为第一输送臂7、第二输送臂4、第三输送臂1，其中第一输送臂7通过销轴安装在塔身24上，第二输送臂4通过销轴连接在第一输送臂7上，第三输送臂1通过销轴连在第二输送臂4上，第三输送臂1为梯形结构，输送臂上有卸料小车9；所述龙门架Ⅰ5安装在第一输送臂7靠近第二输送臂的一端4，限位装置Ⅰ6也安装在第一输送臂上；所述龙门架Ⅱ2安装在第三输送臂1靠近第二输送臂4的一端，限位装置Ⅱ3也安装在第三输送臂上；所述平衡臂17 通过销轴安装在塔身24上；所述塔顶10通过螺栓连接在塔身24上；所述卷扬机包括卷扬机Ⅰ21、卷扬机Ⅱ20、卷扬机Ⅲ19、卷扬机Ⅳ18，依次安装在平衡臂17上，卷扬机Ⅰ21控制的钢丝绳Ⅰ11依次绕过塔顶顶端滑轮组、龙门架Ⅰ5顶端滑轮组，第二输送臂4下部的滑轮组。卷扬机Ⅱ20控制的钢丝绳Ⅱ12绕过安装于塔顶10的滑轮组，最终绕过位于第二输送臂4上部的滑轮组。卷扬机Ⅲ19控制的钢丝绳Ⅲ13依次绕过位于塔顶10的滑轮组、龙门架Ⅱ2顶端的滑轮组和第三输送臂1侧部的滑轮组；所述塔身上安装有回转装置23和料斗22。
如图所示：所述臂架展开的具体步骤：a.展开臂架，启动卷扬机Ⅰ21，在钢丝绳Ⅰ11的拉力下，第二输送臂4与第三输送臂1会向上旋转，同时启动卷扬机Ⅳ，平衡小车16向远离塔身24的方向运动；当第二输送臂4将与水平面成90°时，启动卷扬机Ⅱ20，放松钢丝绳Ⅰ11，两节输送臂在钢丝绳Ⅱ12的拉力下缓缓向下旋转；当第二输送臂4向下旋转过一定角度后，启动卷扬机Ⅲ19，第三输送臂1在钢丝绳Ⅲ19的牵引下回向上旋转，当第二输送臂4、第三输送臂1与第一输送臂7处于同一平面时，平衡小车前轮触碰到行程开关Ⅱ时，平衡小车停止运动，输送臂展开完；b.回收臂架，回收过程与展开臂架操作流程相反，原理相同。
如图所示：所述驱动回转装置的电机启动后，回转装置会带动塔顶、输送臂、平衡臂旋转。
如图所示：所述龙门架与限位装置后将不再继续转动。将输送臂上距离塔身h 1/tanγ处记为A位置，输送臂末端记为B位置，卸料小车做远离塔身运动记为小车正向移动，卸料小车做靠近塔身的运动记为小车负向移动，n表示回转15°的次数。回转装置与卸料小车在编程后自动控制，如果主动滚筒中途停机，回转装置与卸料小车自动复位。
所述回转装置和卸料小车9的运动通过可编程控制系统控制。假设砂石的堆积角为γ，输送臂距离地面的高度为h，砂石允许堆积高度为h 1,并且要求堆卸砂石不能埋没底架，则卸料小车9卸料的位置与塔身之间的距离要不小于h 1/tanγ。输送臂上矩离塔身h 1/tanγ处与输送臂末端都有安装有行程开关，卸料小车底部装有位置传感器。回转装置与卸料小车自动运动的过程为：a.输送臂展开后，主动滚筒启动后，卸料小车自动运 行到距离塔身h 1/tanγ的位置进行卸料；b.当安装在卸料小车底部的位置传感器检测到卸料小车正下方的砂石与卸料小车之间的距离为h-h 1时，卸料小车自动沿输送臂向远离塔身的方向运行3米后重复过程b直至小车运行到输送臂末端触碰到行程开关；c.当小车运行到输送臂末端触碰到行程开关时，再次卸料达到指定高度后回转装置自动顺时针旋转15°，卸料小车继续卸料；d.位置传感器再次检测到卸料小车正下方的砂石与卸料小车之间的距离为h-h 1时，卸料小车9自动沿输送臂向靠近塔身的方向运行3米，重复过程d直至小车再次触碰到行程开关；e.当卸料小车9运行到距离塔身h 1/tanγ处且触碰到该处的行程开关时，再次卸料达到指定高度后回转装置自动顺时针旋转15°后重复过程a-e直至输送机顺时针旋转过180°；f.输送机顺时针旋转过180°后并且卸料结束，自动逆时针旋转195°；g.当安装在卸料小车底部的位置传感器检测到卸料小车正下方的砂石与卸料小车之间的距离为h-h 1时，卸料小车自动沿输送臂向靠近塔身的方向运行3米后重复过程g直至卸料小车再次触碰到行程开关；h.当卸料小车运行到距离塔身h 1/tanγ处且触碰到该处的行程开关时，再次卸料达到指定高度后输送机自动逆时针旋转15°；i.位置传感器再次检测到卸料小车正下方的砂石与卸料小车之间的距离为h-h 1时，卸料小车自动沿输送臂向远离塔身的方向运行3米后重复过程i直至小车再次触碰到行程开关；j.当小车运行到输送臂末端触碰到行程开关时，回转装置自动逆时针旋转15°后卸料小车继续卸料并重复过程g-j直至输送机逆时针转过165°并卸料完成；k.输送机逆时针转过165°后，自动顺时针旋转165°回到初始位置；l.若主动滚筒中途停机，卸料小车自动复位，回转装置也自动复位。
如图所示：所述输送机安装于输送系统的末端，将前置输送机输送过来的物料堆满堆料场。
如图所示：跨堤升降式输送装备包括轨道系统101、升降进料小车102、进料斗系统103、伸缩输送机104、卷扬机105、变幅输送机107、固定输送机109，所述导轨系统101包括缓冲弹簧101.1、导轨101.2，缓冲弹簧101.1位于导轨101.2的正下方；所述升降进料小车102包括支撑杆102.1、钳式制动器102.2、下底板102.3、吊钩102.4、上支撑板102.5、水位传感器102.6，钳式制动器102.3安装在升降进料小车102的两侧，吊钩102.4安装在升降进料小车102的前方，升降进料小车102的末端安装有水位传感器102.6；所述进料斗系统103包括进料斗103.1、斗门103.2、振动棒103.3，其中斗门103.2置于进料斗103.1出料口正下方，振动棒103.3置于进料斗103.1上方；所述伸缩输送机104包括第一伸缩输送机104.1、第二伸缩输送机104.4，第一伸缩输 送机104.1位于第二伸缩输送机104.5上方，第一伸缩输送机104.1通过臂架连接件102.7与升降进料小车102连接，第二伸缩输送机104.1前端安装有角度传感器104.4；第二伸缩输送机104.5的摆动角度通过调平油缸106.1进行驱动；所述卷扬机105经过滑轮组与吊钩102.4相连；所述支架112上安装有液压油缸支座106.3，变幅输送机107的俯仰角度通过液压油缸106.2进行改变；所述固定输送机109通过连接件108与变幅输送机107相连；固定输送机109下方安装有支撑立柱110。
所述升降进料小车102下底板102.3和上支撑板102.4之间的夹角与河堤的坡度相等，这样做可以保证料斗始终位于水平面上，保证进料的稳定性。
所述升降小车的上支撑板102.4两侧焊接有支撑杆102.1，支撑杆102.1可以保证上支撑板102.4的强度，防止上支撑板102.4变弯。
所述进料斗103的内部安装有振动棒103.3，在砂石的粘度比较大、卸料比较慢的情况下，启动振动棒103.3，加快卸料。
所述第一伸缩输送机104.1下方安装有臂架小轮支撑架104.2，在臂架小轮支撑架104.2下方安装臂架小轮104.3，第一伸缩输送机104.1可沿第二伸缩输送机104.5进行滑动。
所述第二伸缩输送机104.5上方安装有导轨104.6，第一伸缩输送机104.1可沿导轨104.6进行滑动。
所述变幅输送机107悬空端安装有距离传感器107.1，用来检测变幅输送机107悬空端与第一伸缩输送机在垂直方向上的距离，距离传感器107.1将该距离反馈给控制系统，控制系统控制液压油缸106.2，从而改变变幅输送机的俯仰角度，避免第一伸缩输送机与变幅输送机107发生干涉，同时也可以将第一伸缩输送机与变幅输送机107悬空端的落差控制在合理范围内，进而精准输送砂石。
两个连接件108相互铰接在一起，将变幅输送机107与固定输送机109相连接，变幅输送机107可绕铰接点进行转动。
如图所示：图中AF表示第一伸缩输送机的长度，A点表示伸缩输送机的起始点，A′表示经过Δt时间，输送机由A点运动到A′，第一伸缩输送机在起始点A点与水平面的夹角为α(已知量)，在A′点与水平面的夹角为x，EC表示调平油缸106.1的初始长度，E′C表示调平油缸106.1伸缩后的长度，D点表示第二伸缩输送机的铰接点，CD表示液压油缸支座106.3到第二伸缩输送机铰接点的长度，记为h(已知量)，故可得调平油缸106.1的行程满足函数：
Figure PCTCN2019119361-appb-000001
如图所示：所述装备工作原理：卸砂船将砂石送入进料斗103后，砂石首先会沿着进料斗103进入伸缩式带式输送机104，经过伸缩式带式输送104机后会进入变幅输送机107最后再进入固定式输送机108；在这一过程中，水位的高度会随时发生变化，水位传感器102.6首先会检测到水位发生变化，进而反馈给控制系统，控制系统启动卷扬机105，卷扬机105通过钢丝绳作用在升降进料小车102上，升降进料小车102沿着堤坝进行移动，与此同时，第一伸缩输送机104.1在升降进料小车102的推动作用下沿着第二伸缩输送机104.5发生移动，此时控制系统会控制液压油缸106，液压油缸106推动第二伸缩输送机104.5，使第一伸缩输送机104.1与第二伸缩输送机104.5始终保持水平；当第一伸缩输送机104.1没有超过第二伸缩输送机104.4时，此时砂石从第一伸缩输送机104.1落入第二伸缩输送机104.5，再从第二伸缩输送机104.5落入变幅输送机107，此种情况下，变幅输送机107不需要改变俯仰角度；当第一伸缩输送机104.1超过第二伸缩输送机104.5时，此时砂石会由第一伸缩输送机104.1直接落入变幅输送机107，变幅输送机107在液压油缸106.2的推动作用下改变俯仰角度，减小砂石的落差从而精准传输砂石。
以上所述的是本发明的优选内容而已，当然不能以此限定本发明之权利范围；应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形改进及替代，这些都属于本发明的保护范围；因此本发明专利保护范围应以权利要求为准。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种大跨度散料输送系统，其特征在于：包括折叠臂输送机与跨堤升降式输送装备，所述折叠臂输送机包括三节输送臂、塔顶(10)、平衡臂(17)、塔身(24)、底架(25)、卷扬机、钢丝绳、龙门架、限位装置；所述底架(25)通过地脚螺栓固定安装在堆料场中，塔身(24)也通过螺栓与底架(25)相连接；
    所述三节输送臂分别为第一输送臂(7)、第二输送臂(4)、第三输送臂(1)，其中第一输送臂(7)通过销轴安装在塔身(24)上，第二输送臂(4)通过销轴连接在第一输送臂(7)上，第三输送臂(1)通过销轴连在第二输送臂上，第三输送臂(1)为梯形结构，输送臂上有卸料小车(9)；所述龙门架Ⅰ(5)安装在第一输送臂(7)靠近第二输送臂(4)的一端，限位装置Ⅰ(6)也安装在第一输送臂上；所述龙门架Ⅱ(2)安装在第三输送臂(1)靠近第二输送臂(4)的一端，限位装置Ⅱ(3)也安装在第三输送臂上；
    所述平衡臂(17)通过销轴安装在塔身(24)上；所述塔顶(10)通过螺栓连接在塔身(24)上；所述卷扬机包括卷扬机Ⅰ(21)、卷扬机Ⅱ(20)、卷扬机Ⅲ(19)、卷扬机Ⅳ(18)，依次安装在平衡臂(17)上；
    卷扬机Ⅰ(21)控制的钢丝绳Ⅰ(11)依次绕过塔顶顶端滑轮组、龙门架Ⅰ(5)顶端滑轮组，第二输送臂(4)下部的滑轮组；卷扬机Ⅱ(20)控制的钢丝绳Ⅱ(12)绕过安装于塔顶(10)的滑轮组，最终绕过位于第二输送臂(4)上部的滑轮组；卷扬机Ⅲ(19)控制的钢丝绳Ⅲ(13)依次绕过位于塔顶(10)的滑轮组、龙门架Ⅱ(2)顶端的滑轮组和第三输送臂(1)侧部的滑轮组；所述塔身(24)上安装有回转装置(23)和料斗(22)；
    所述第二输送臂下部的滑轮组的位置距离第二输送臂两端的距离分别为第一距离、第二距离，第一距离是第二距离的两倍；所述第三输送臂侧部的滑轮组的位置距离第三输送臂两端的距离分别为第三距离、第四距离，第三距离是第四距离的两倍，所述第二输送臂上部的滑轮组与所述第二输送臂下部的滑轮组并排设置；
    所述跨堤升降式输送装备包括：轨道系统(101)、升降进料小车(102)、进料斗系 统(103)、伸缩输送机(104)、卷扬机(105)、变幅输送机(107)、固定输送机(109)，所述轨道系统(101)包括缓冲弹簧(101.1)、导轨(101.2)，缓冲弹簧(101.1)位于导轨(101.2)的正下方；
    所述升降进料小车(102)包括支撑杆(102.1)、钳式制动器(102.2)、下底板(102.3)、吊钩(102.4)、上支撑板(102.5)、水位传感器(102.6)，钳式制动器(102.2)安装在升降进料小车(102)的两侧，吊钩(102.4)安装在升降进料小车(102)的前方；
    所述进料斗系统(103)包括进料斗(103.1)、斗门(103.2)、振动棒(103.3)、悬杆(103.4)、肋(103.5)、平杆(103.6)、阀轨(103.7)、阀板(103.8)、支脚(103.9)、斜杆(103.10)，进料斗(103.1)内部安装有振动棒(103.3)，进料斗下方设有开口，所述阀板可移动启闭所述开口，所述进料斗四角设有四个支脚，所述支脚内侧连接有肋，四个肋向上延伸，延伸的末端连接有所述平杆，四个平杆组成方形并连接在所述进料斗底面，其中一个平杆的下方连接有三根悬杆，三个悬杆下端连接所述阀轨，所述阀轨上安设有所述阀板，所述阀板可沿着所述阀轨移动，以启闭所述开口；所述悬杆一侧的两个支脚之间连接有两根斜杆，以增强对悬杆和阀板的支撑，其它三侧不设置斜杆；所述四个支脚连接在所述上支撑板(102.5)的四角。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种大跨度散料输送系统，其特征在于：平衡臂(17)与输送臂分别安装于塔身(24)的两侧，且平衡臂(17)的安装位置高于输送臂的安装位置，平衡臂(17)、输送臂分别通过平衡臂拉杆(14)、输送臂拉杆(8)与位于塔顶顶端的横梁连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种大跨度散料输送系统，其特征在于：第一输送臂(7)靠近塔身(24)的一端安装有主动滚筒，第三输送臂(1)末端安装有从动滚筒；第一输送臂(7)、第二输送臂(4)、第三输送臂(1)上分别装有槽型托辊组、回程托辊、压带轮，压带轮用于防止输送带在输送臂的折叠与展开过程中脱离托辊，卸料小车(9)可以沿着输送臂运动。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种大跨度散料输送系统，其特征在于:所述塔顶(10)从下往上依次安装有三组滑轮组，分别用来绕过钢丝绳Ⅰ(11)、钢丝绳Ⅱ(12)、钢丝绳Ⅲ(13)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种大跨度散料输送系统，其特征在于：塔身(24)上安装有回转装置(23)，回转装置可以带动输送臂与平衡臂(17)在水平面内旋转；所述料斗(22)可相对于所述塔身倾斜，以便于清洗；回转装置(23)和卸料小车(9)的运动通过可编程控制系统控制。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种大跨度散料输送系统，其特征在于：所述第一距离是展开状态下，所述第二输送臂下部的滑轮组的位置与第二输送臂靠近塔身的一端之间的距离。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种大跨度散料输送系统，其特征在于:所述平衡臂(17)上设置有平衡小车(16)和行程开关；平衡小车通过钢丝绳Ⅳ与卷扬机Ⅳ相连，并且平衡小车的运动由基于PLC编程自动控制的卷扬机Ⅳ(18)来控制；输送臂处于折叠状态、展开空载状态、展开中载状态、展开重载状态时，平衡小车分别运行到平衡臂上对应的四个位置，小车运行到不同位置是为了平衡输送臂处于不同状态下带来的倾覆力矩；每个位置上分别装有行程开关，根据距离塔身的位置由近及远分别命名为行程开关Ⅰ、行程开关Ⅱ、行程开关Ⅲ、行程开关Ⅳ；所述平衡臂(17)下端设置有卡勾，用于与所述固定输送机(109)连接，并借助所述固定输送机(109)的重量作为配重。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种大跨度散料输送系统，其特征在于：所述伸缩输送机(104)包括第一伸缩输送机(104.1)、第二伸缩输送机(104.5)，第一伸缩输送机(104.1)位于第二伸缩输送机(104.5)上方，第一伸缩输送机(104.1)通过臂架连接件(102.7)连接在所述上支撑板(102.5)的正中，第一伸缩输送机(104.1)一端安装有角度传感器(104.4)与挡料板(104.7)；第二伸缩输送机(104.5)的摆动角度通过调平油缸(106.1)进行驱动；第一伸缩输送机(104.1)下方设有臂架小轮(104.3)，所述第二伸缩输送机(104.5)上方设有输送机导轨(104.6)，臂架小轮在所述导轨上移动，所述第二伸缩输送机(104.5)的导轨由竖梁(104.10)支撑，两根竖梁之间连接有斜梁(104.9)，两根导轨所在的平面之间设有支撑梁(104.8)，两根导轨下方设有上横梁(104.12)，上横梁下方设有下横梁(104.11)，所述斜梁与所述上横梁相交的位置的左右两侧各设有一根支撑梁，所述竖梁与所述下横梁相交的位置设有一根支撑梁。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种大跨度散料输送系统，其特征在于：所述卷扬机(105) 经过滑轮组与吊钩(102.4)相连；变幅输送机(107)的俯仰角度通过液压油缸(106.2)进行改变；所述固定输送机(109)通过连接件(108)与变幅输送机(107)相连；固定输送机(109)下方安装有支撑立柱(110)，所述固定输送机(109)末端安装有挂杆，所述挂杆(119)可相对于所述固定输送机(109)进行90度转动，所述挂杆可搭接固定所述卡勾。
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