WO2020186710A1 - 一种沿空留巷端头支架迁移时保护顶板托盘的装置 - Google Patents

一种沿空留巷端头支架迁移时保护顶板托盘的装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020186710A1
WO2020186710A1 PCT/CN2019/106101 CN2019106101W WO2020186710A1 WO 2020186710 A1 WO2020186710 A1 WO 2020186710A1 CN 2019106101 W CN2019106101 W CN 2019106101W WO 2020186710 A1 WO2020186710 A1 WO 2020186710A1
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Prior art keywords
sets
support
protecting
migration
telescopic rod
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PCT/CN2019/106101
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
柏建彪
王瑞
闫帅
夏军武
王襄禹
徐营
王共元
孟宁康
樊在壮
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中国矿业大学
扬州中矿建筑新材料科技有限公司
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Application filed by 中国矿业大学, 扬州中矿建筑新材料科技有限公司 filed Critical 中国矿业大学
Priority to US16/961,256 priority Critical patent/US10822949B1/en
Priority to AU2019427987A priority patent/AU2019427987B2/en
Priority to RU2020115772A priority patent/RU2733764C1/ru
Publication of WO2020186710A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020186710A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/08—Advancing mechanisms
    • E21D23/081—Advancing mechanisms forming parts of the roof supports
    • E21D23/085—Advancing mechanisms forming parts of the roof supports acting on a conveyor or a guide for the mining machine
    • E21D23/086—Details of fixing devices therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/04—Structural features of the supporting construction, e.g. linking members between adjacent frames or sets of props; Means for counteracting lateral sliding on inclined floor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
    • E21D15/50—Component parts or details of props
    • E21D15/54—Details of the ends of props
    • E21D15/55—Details of the ends of props of prop heads or feet
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/04—Structural features of the supporting construction, e.g. linking members between adjacent frames or sets of props; Means for counteracting lateral sliding on inclined floor
    • E21D23/0418—Positioning devices and stabilizing means for the props
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/04—Structural features of the supporting construction, e.g. linking members between adjacent frames or sets of props; Means for counteracting lateral sliding on inclined floor
    • E21D23/06—Special mine caps or special tops of pit-props for permitting step-by-step movement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an auxiliary device for a hydraulic support, in particular to a device for protecting a roof pallet when the support at the end of an empty roadway is moved, and belongs to the field of underground support equipment.
  • the roadside filling body constructed is directly related to the advancement of the coal mining face.
  • the mechanical structure of the overlying roof is usually used to control the reasonable interval between the roadside filling body and the coal mining face.
  • the supporting hydraulic support needs to be moved forward to further support the mining part of the roof, but because the top of the roadway has been reinforced when the initial excavation is completed
  • the typical support methods are bolts and cables, and this type of roadway roof support will cause part of the anchor rods or the anchor rod structure and the tray to be exposed.
  • the method to solve the problem that the anchor rod and anchor cable was not damaged by the end bracket was to place a sleeper with a certain size between the end bracket and the roof to prevent the end bracket from exposing the tray. And part of the anchor rod or cable structure is damaged.
  • the contact area between the sleeper and the roof is too small, resulting in the difference between the end bracket and the roadway roof. Balance the contact load, which causes the top plate to sink locally, further destroying the supporting effect of the anchor rod.
  • the present invention provides a device for protecting the roof pallet when the bracket is moved along the end of the empty roadway, which can protect the exposed pallet and part of the anchor rod or anchor cable structure during the bracket transfer process At the same time, the force of the top plate is balanced during the movement, and it can be automatically reset when the stent is retracted.
  • a device of the present invention for protecting the roof pallet when the end support is moved along the empty lane is installed at the top end of the hydraulic support and includes a movable pressure-bearing mechanism, an automatic tensioning and connecting groove mechanism and an active
  • the reset mechanism, the pressure-bearing mechanism includes two parallel transmission crawlers of equal length and several matching rollers supporting the crawlers.
  • the rollers are installed and supported by the bearing mechanism;
  • the automatic tensioning and connecting groove mechanism is two sets fixed between the two crawlers Concave-shaped chassis, two sets of concave-shaped chassis are arranged oppositely and separated by a certain distance;
  • the active reset mechanism includes two pairs of telescopic rods and a return spring sleeved on the telescopic rod. The ends of the telescopic rod and the return spring are connected to form a synchronization mechanism. One end of the two is jointly connected to one side of the concave chassis, and the other end is fixed at the end position of the hydraulic support through a fixed support.
  • the crawler is driven by the friction force of the top plate backward and the friction force of the end bracket forward to drive the roller to rotate, and the moving pressure mechanism drives the groove mechanism to move backward relative to the hydraulic support at the same time, and makes the return spring in the active reset mechanism
  • the return spring in the active reset mechanism pulls the moving pressure-bearing mechanism and the groove mechanism to recover under the action of elastic return force .
  • the two sets of concave chassis are connected by several sets of telescopic springs, and the telescopic springs are all anchored on the concave chassis on both sides by anchors.
  • the exposed tray and part of the anchor rod or anchor cable structure will be uneven.
  • the spring between the concave chassis can be The uneven exposed trays and part of the anchor rods or cables can be contained within the protection scope, which increases the use scope of the protection mechanism. It is precisely because of the increase of this mechanism that the uneven exposed tray and part of the anchor rod or anchor cable structure can all be within the protection range, which provides an elastic expansion and contraction buffer range for the overall device.
  • the realization of its automatic expansion and contraction function is introduced by the following, that is, the position between the two concave chassis, and when the arrangement of the exposed tray and part of the anchor rod (cable) structure is not uniform, the two chassis of the connecting groove mechanism can be automatically expanded and contracted.
  • the side is exposed to the squeezing force of the exposed tray and part of the anchor rod (cable) structure to produce a tendency to expand.
  • the retractable spring of the connecting groove mechanism can be automatically stretched and stretched under tension, and the connecting groove mechanism can be automatically stretched
  • the concave chassis is expanded, and the joint groove mechanism can be automatically expanded and contracted.
  • the spherical hinge mechanism of the automatic reset mechanism moves to the outside to meet the expansion effect of the automatic expansion joint groove mechanism; the outside of the moving pressure bearing mechanism is exposed
  • the retractable spring that can automatically expand and connect the groove mechanism is compressed and contracted, and the concave chassis of the groove connection mechanism can be automatically retracted to complete the contraction.
  • the tensioning and shrinking connection groove mechanism contracts to allow pressure.
  • the telescopic rod and the fixed support are hingedly connected by the end hinged ball.
  • the surface of the crawler belt in contact with the rollers has meshing teeth, and the rollers are meshing rollers that cooperate with the meshing teeth on the crawler belt.
  • the telescopic rod is a shock-absorbing telescopic rod, and the shock-absorbing telescopic rod can offset the forward inertial force of the moving pressure-bearing mechanism and the groove mechanism and the contraction force of a part of the spring when reset, so that the device can better complete the reset.
  • a movable pressure-bearing mechanism is provided on the upper end of the hydraulic support, so that the end support and the top plate can actively bear pressure and move relative to each other during the relative movement; the groove mechanism connected in the middle of the movable pressure-bearing structure and can automatically telescope is used to make The exposed tray and part of the anchor rods or anchor cables are embedded in the structure, so that the exposed tray and part of the anchor rods or anchor cables are effectively protected during the forward movement of the hydraulic support.
  • the spring set between the two concave chassis can make the unevenness All the anchor cables and rods arranged in a straight line can be in the protection range, and provide elastic expansion and contraction buffer for the whole device; the active reset mechanism can make the mobile pressure-bearing mechanism and the groove mechanism move relatively backward during the forward movement of the hydraulic support. When the top beam descends, the movable pressure-bearing mechanism and the groove mechanism can be restored to their original positions relative to the active reset mechanism under the action of the elastic restoring force.
  • the advantage of the present invention is that the exposed tray and part of the anchor rods or cables can be protected in all directions during the process of moving the hydraulic support. At the same time, the strong pressure resistance can balance the force of the roof and avoid the roadway support equipment during the process of moving the hydraulic support. Roof separation and lane retention failure caused by failure.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the device of the present invention equipped on a hydraulic support;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the moving pressure bearing mechanism at 1 in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the active reset mechanism at 2 in Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the chamfering of the automatic expansion and contraction connecting groove mechanism at 3 in Figure 2;
  • Figure 6 is a partial enlarged schematic view of the telescopic spring of the automatic expansion and contraction connecting groove mechanism at 4 in Figure 2;
  • Figure 7 is a partial enlarged schematic view of the ball hinge mechanism at 5 in Figure 2;
  • a device for protecting the roof pallet when the end support is moved along the empty roadway is installed at the top end of the hydraulic support, including a movable pressure-bearing mechanism, an automatic tensioning and connecting groove mechanism, and Active reset mechanism, the pressure-bearing mechanism includes two parallel transmission tracks 4 of equal length and several matching rollers 5 supporting the tracks 4.
  • the rollers 5 are installed and supported by the bearing mechanism 10; the automatic expansion and contraction connection groove mechanism is fixed in two There are two sets of concave chassis 8 between the crawlers 4, and the two sets of concave chassis 8 are arranged oppositely and separated by a certain distance; the active reset mechanism includes two sets of telescopic rods 3 and a return spring 2 sleeved on the telescopic rod 3, the telescopic rod 3 and The ends of the return spring 2 are connected to form a synchronization mechanism, and one end of the two is jointly connected to one side of the concave chassis 8, and the other end is fixed at the end position of the hydraulic support through the fixed support 1.
  • the exposed tray and part of the anchor rod are embedded in the groove mechanism to form a gap between the two concave chassis, and the upper part of the crawler 4 is attached to the top plate by moving the pressure-bearing mechanism.
  • the crawler 4 is driven by the backward friction of the top plate and the forward friction of the end bracket to drive the roller 5 to rotate.
  • the moving pressure-bearing mechanism drives the groove mechanism to move backward relative to the hydraulic support at the same time, and makes the active reset mechanism in The return spring 2 is stretched; when the hydraulic support is relieved and contracted and the top beam is lowered, the friction between the moving pressure bearing mechanism and the top plate is eliminated, and the return spring 2 in the active return mechanism pulls the moving pressure bearing mechanism under the action of elastic return force And the groove mechanism is restored.
  • the two sets of concave chassis 8 are connected by several sets of telescopic springs 7, and the telescopic springs 7 are all anchored to the concave chassis 8 on both sides by anchors 6.
  • the exposed tray and part of the anchor rod or anchor cable structure will be unevenly arranged, through the spring between the concave chassis 8 7
  • the uneven exposed trays and part of the anchor rods or anchor cables can be contained within the protection scope, which increases the use scope of the protection mechanism. It is precisely because of the increase of this mechanism that the uneven exposed tray and part of the anchor rod or anchor cable structure can all be within the protection range, which provides an elastic expansion and contraction buffer range for the overall device.
  • the telescopic rod 3 and the fixed support 1 are hingedly connected by an end hinged ball 9.
  • the surface of the track 4 in contact with the roller 5 has meshing teeth, and the roller 5 is an meshing roller matching the meshing teeth on the track 4.
  • the telescopic rod 3 is a shock-absorbing telescopic rod.
  • the shock-absorbing telescopic rod can offset the forward inertial force of the moving pressure-bearing mechanism and the groove mechanism and the contraction force of a part of the spring when reset, so that the device can better complete the reset.
  • the amount of expansion and contraction of the telescopic spring 7 as k
  • the initial length of the telescopic spring 7 as a
  • the width of each group of concave chassis 8 as b
  • the width of each track 4 as c
  • the total width of the support as L
  • k +a+2b+2c L
  • the mechanism is installed at the end of the hydraulic support through the fixed support 1, and then the exposed tray and part of the anchor rod or cable are embedded in the groove mechanism that can be automatically retracted and connected, and the support force of the support is transmitted through the mobile pressure bearing mechanism
  • the end bracket moves along the groove under pressure; as the end bracket moves forward, the crawler 4 of the mobile pressure-bearing mechanism is driven by the backward friction force of the top plate and the forward friction force of the end bracket to drive the roller 5 to rotate ,
  • the moving pressure-bearing mechanism and the groove mechanism move backwards relative to the hydraulic support.
  • the return spring 2 and the shock-absorbing telescopic rod 3 on the automatic return mechanism receive the tension and expand; when the return spring of the automatic return mechanism stretches to At the maximum extension of the spring, the pressure relief top beam of the end bracket drops, the reset spring 2 of the automatic reset mechanism contracts, and pulls the moving pressure-bearing mechanism and the groove mechanism to move forward, and the shock-absorbing telescopic rod 3 follows the return spring 2
  • the device shrinks and shrinks, and the forward inertia force of the moving pressure-bearing mechanism and the automatically stretchable connecting groove mechanism and the contraction force of a part of the return spring are cancelled in time, and the device completes the reset.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
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Abstract

一种沿空留巷端头支架迁移时保护顶板托盘的装置，安装在液压支架的顶部端头位置，包括移动承压机构、自动张缩连接凹槽机构和主动复位机构，承压机构包括并行的两副履带（4）以及支撑履带的若干滚轮（5），滚轮由轴承机构（10）安装支撑；自动张缩连接凹槽机构为固定在两个履带之间的两组凹形底盘（8），两组凹形底盘之间间隔一段距离；主动复位机构包括两副伸缩杆（3）及套装在伸缩杆上的复位弹簧（2），伸缩杆和复位弹簧的端部相连从而组成同步机构，且二者的一端共同连接在凹形底盘的一侧，另一端通过固定支座（1）固定在液压支架的端头位置。本装置在支架移架过程中保护外露的托盘和部分锚杆或者锚索结构，移动过程中使巷道顶板受力均衡，并在支架缩回时可以自动复位。

Description

一种沿空留巷端头支架迁移时保护顶板托盘的装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种液压支架辅助装置，具体涉及一种沿空留巷端头支架迁移时保护顶板托盘的装置，属于井下支护设备领域。
背景技术
工作面开采后为了回收传统采矿方式中留设的保护煤柱而采用一定的技术手段，将上一区段的顺槽重新支护留给下一个区段使用，这种沿着采空区边缘在原顺槽位置保留的留巷方法就称为沿空留巷。在进行沿空留巷期间，构筑的巷旁充填体与采煤工作面的推进具有直接联系，通常通过其上覆顶板的力学结构来控制巷旁充填体与采煤工作面间的合理间隔。
但是通过现场实际施工情况反映，在工作面向前推进时，其发挥支撑作用的液压支架需前移以进一步支撑工作面采出部分顶板，但是由于巷道顶部在最初掘巷完成时已对其进行加固支护，其典型的支护方式即为锚杆、锚索支护，而该种巷道顶板支护形式会造成托盘部分锚杆或锚索杆体结构及其托盘外露。当端头液压支架前移时，液压支架顶部极易与外露的托盘及部分锚杆或锚索结构咬合，从而将外露的托盘及部分锚杆、锚索结构破坏造成支护失效，进而使锚杆或锚索结构整体失效，甚至造成巷道顶板发生巨大变形，危及工作面的生产安全。
此前煤矿在现场实际沿空留巷施工中为解决锚杆锚索不被端头支架损坏的方法是将具有一定尺寸的枕木置于端头支架与顶板之间，以避免端头支架对外露托盘及部分锚杆或锚索结构的损坏，但是由于枕木的抗压强度较小，无法长时间发挥作用，容易失效；此外枕木与顶板的接触面积太小，导致端头支架与巷道顶板间的不均衡接触承载，从而造成顶板局部下沉，进一步破坏锚杆的支撑作用。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术存在的各种不足，本发明提供一种沿空留巷端头支架迁移时保护顶板托盘的装置，能够在支架移架过程中保护外露的托盘和部分锚杆或者锚索结构，同时在移动过程中使顶板受力均衡，并在支架缩回时可以自动复位。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明一种沿空留巷端头支架迁移时保护顶板托盘的装置，安装在液压支架的顶部端头位置，包括移动承压机构、自动张缩连接凹槽机构和主动复位机构，承压机构包括并行的两副等长传送履带以及支撑履带的若干相匹配的滚轮，滚轮由轴承机构安装支撑；自动张缩连接凹槽机构为固定在两个履带之间的两组凹形底盘，两组凹形底盘相对设置并间隔一段距离；主动复位机构包括两副伸缩杆及套装在伸缩杆上的复位弹簧，伸缩杆和复位弹簧的端部相连从而组成同步机构，且二者的一端共同连接在凹形底盘的一侧，另一端通过固定支座固定在液压支架的端头位置。
液压支架升架后，外露的托盘以及部分锚索锚杆被嵌入凹槽机构两个凹形底盘之间形成间隙，并通过移动承压机构将履带上部贴服在顶板上，随着液压支架的前移，履带受 到顶板向后的摩擦力与端头支架向前的摩擦力而带动滚轮转动，移动承压机构带动凹槽机构同时相对液压支架向后移动，并使主动复位机构中的复位弹簧得到拉伸；当液压支架泄压收缩顶梁下降后，移动承压机构与顶板之间的摩擦力消除，主动复位机构中的复位弹簧在弹性回力作用下拉动移动承压机构和凹槽机构恢复。
进一步的，两组凹形底盘之间通过若干组伸缩弹簧相连，且伸缩弹簧均通过锚固件锚固在两侧的凹形底盘上。
由于前期巷道加固支护时设计的锚杆或者锚索的布置并非全部按照统一标准布置，从而造成外露托盘及部分锚杆或者锚索结构的会排列不齐，通过凹形底盘之间的弹簧能够将参差不齐的外露托盘及部分锚杆或者锚索都能够容乃在保护范围之内，增大了保护机构的使用范围。正是由于此机构的增加使得参差不齐的外露托盘及部分锚杆或者锚索结构均能处于保护范围之内，为整体装置的发挥提供了弹性伸缩缓冲范围。
对于其自动张缩功能的实现通过以下介绍，即两个凹形底盘之间的位置，外露托盘及部分锚杆(索)结构的排列不齐时，可自动张缩连接凹槽机构的底盘两侧受到外露托盘及部分锚杆(索)结构的挤压力而产生扩张的趋势，此时可自动张缩连接凹槽机构的伸缩弹簧受到拉力而伸长，可自动张缩连接凹槽机构的的凹型底盘完成扩张，可自动张缩连接凹槽机构扩张让压，自动复位机构的球形铰接机构往外侧移动以满足可自动张缩连接凹槽机构的扩张作用；移动承压机构的外侧受到外露托盘及部分锚杆(索)结构向里的挤压力时，可自动张缩连接凹槽机构的伸缩弹簧受到压力而收缩，可自动张缩连接凹槽机构的的凹型底盘完成收缩，可自动张缩连接凹槽机构收缩让压。
为了保证凹形底盘之间的弹簧扩张时的灵活性，伸缩杆与固定支座之间通过端头铰接球铰连。
为了增加履带与滚轮之间的摩擦力，所述履带与滚轮接触的一面具有啮合齿，所述滚轮为与履带上啮合齿相配合的啮合滚轮。
所述伸缩杆为减震伸缩杆，减震伸缩杆在复位时可以抵消移动承压机构与凹槽机构向前的惯性力以及一部分弹簧的收缩力，使该装置更好的完成复位。
进一步的，定义伸缩弹簧的伸缩量为k，伸缩弹簧初始状态的长度为a，每组凹形底盘的宽度为b，每条履带宽度为c，支架总宽度为L，则k+a+2b+2c＝L；定义每排锚杆或者锚索之间的最大偏移量为M，则M＝k。
本发明通过在液压支架上端设置的移动承压机构，使端头支架与顶板相对运动过程中可以主动承压以及相对移动；连接在移动承压结构中间且可以自动伸缩的凹槽机构用于使外露托盘及部分锚杆或者锚索嵌入该结构中，从而使外露托盘及部分锚杆或者锚索在液压支架前移过程中受到有效保护，两个凹形底盘之间设置的弹簧可以使参差不齐布置的锚索锚杆均能够处于保护范围内，并为整体装置提供弹性伸缩缓冲；主动复位机构可以在液压支架前移过程中使移动承压机构与凹槽机构可以相对向后移动，同时在顶梁下降时能够在弹性恢复力作用下使移动承压机构与凹槽机构恢复与主动复位机构的相对原位。本发明的优势在于可以在液压支架移架过程中全方位保护外露托盘及部分锚杆或者锚索，同时抗压能力强可以使顶板受力均衡，避免液压支架移架过程中造成巷道支护设备失效引起的顶板离层、留巷失败。
附图说明
图1是本发明装置配套在液压支架上的立体结构示意图；
图2是本发明立体结构示意图；
图3是图2中①处移动承压机构局部放大示意图；
图4是图2中②处主动复位机构局部放大示意图；
图5是图2中③处自动张缩连接凹槽机构倒角局部放大示意图；
图6是图2中④处自动张缩连接凹槽机构伸缩弹簧局部放大示意图；
图7是图2中⑤处球铰接机构局部放大示意图；
图中：1、固接支座，2、复位弹簧，3、伸缩杆，4、履带，5、滚轮，6、锚固件，7、伸缩弹簧，8、凹型底盘，9、端头铰接球，10、轴承机构。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做详细的阐述。、
如图1至图7所示，一种沿空留巷端头支架迁移时保护顶板托盘的装置，安装在液压支架的顶部端头位置，包括移动承压机构、自动张缩连接凹槽机构和主动复位机构，承压机构包括并行的两副等长传送履带4以及支撑履带4的若干相匹配的滚轮5，滚轮5由轴承机构10安装支撑；自动张缩连接凹槽机构为固定在两个履带4之间的两组凹形底盘8，两组凹形底盘8相对设置并间隔一段距离；主动复位机构包括两副伸缩杆3及套装在伸缩杆3上的复位弹簧2，伸缩杆3和复位弹簧2的端部相连从而组成同步机构，且二者的一端共同连接在凹形底盘8的一侧，另一端通过固定支座1固定在液压支架的端头位置。
液压支架升架后，外露的托盘以及部分锚索锚杆被嵌入凹槽机构两个凹形底盘之间形成间隙，并通过移动承压机构将履带4上部贴服在顶板上，随着液压支架的前移，履带4受到顶板向后的摩擦力与端头支架向前的摩擦力而带动滚轮5转动，移动承压机构带动凹槽机构同时相对液压支架向后移动，并使主动复位机构中的复位弹簧2得到拉伸；当液压支架泄压收缩顶梁下降后，移动承压机构与顶板之间的摩擦力消除，主动复位机构中的复位弹簧2在弹性回力作用下拉动移动承压机构和凹槽机构恢复。
进一步的，两组凹形底盘8之间通过若干组伸缩弹簧7相连，且伸缩弹簧7均通过锚固件6锚固在两侧的凹形底盘8上。
由于前期巷道加固支护时设计的锚杆或者锚索的布置并非全部按照统一标准布置，从而造成外露托盘及部分锚杆或者锚索结构的会排列不齐，通过凹形底盘8之间的弹簧7能够将参差不齐的外露托盘及部分锚杆或者锚索都能够容乃在保护范围之内，增大了保护机构的使用范围。正是由于此机构的增加使得参差不齐的外露托盘及部分锚杆或者锚索结构均能处于保护范围之内，为整体装置的发挥提供了弹性伸缩缓冲范围。
为了保证凹形底盘8之间的弹簧7扩张时的灵活性，伸缩杆3与固定支座1之间通过端头铰接球9铰连。
为了增加履带4与滚轮5之间的摩擦力，所述履带4与滚轮5接触的一面具有啮合齿，所述滚轮5为与履带4上啮合齿相配合的啮合滚轮。
所述伸缩杆3为减震伸缩杆，减震伸缩杆在复位时可以抵消移动承压机构与凹槽机构向前的惯性力以及一部分弹簧的收缩力，使该装置更好的完成复位。
进一步的，定义伸缩弹簧7的伸缩量为k，伸缩弹簧7初始状态的长度为a，每组凹形底盘8的宽度为b，每条履带4宽度为c，支架总宽度为L，则k+a+2b+2c＝L；定义每排锚杆或者锚索之间的最大偏移量为M，则M＝k。
工作原理如下，
将该机构通过固定支座1安装在液压支架的端头位置，然后将外露托盘及部分锚杆或锚索嵌入可自动张缩连接的凹槽机构中，支架的支撑力通过移动承压机构传递到顶板，端头支架在顺槽中承压移动；随着端头支架前移，移动承压机构的履带4受到顶板向后的摩擦力与端头支架向前的摩擦力而带动滚轮5转动，移动承压机构与凹槽机构则相对液压支架向后移动，此时自动复位机构上的复位弹簧2与减震伸缩杆3收到拉力而扩张，；当自动复位机构的复位弹簧拉伸到该弹簧的最大伸长量时，端头支架泄压顶梁下降，自动复位机构的复位弹簧2收缩，并拉动移动承压机构与凹槽机构向前移动，减震伸缩杆3随着复位弹簧2的收缩而收缩，并及时抵消掉移动承压机构与可自动张缩连接凹槽机构向前惯性力与一部分复位弹簧的收缩力，该装置完成复位。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种沿空留巷端头支架迁移时保护顶板托盘的装置，安装在液压支架的顶部端头位置，其特征在于，包括移动承压机构、自动张缩连接凹槽机构和主动复位机构，承压机构包括并行的两副等长传送履带(4)以及支撑履带(4)的若干相匹配的滚轮(5)，滚轮(5)由轴承机构(10)安装支撑；自动张缩连接凹槽机构为固定在两个履带(4)之间的两组凹形底盘(8)，两组凹形底盘(8)相对设置并间隔一段距离；主动复位机构包括两副伸缩杆(3)及套装在伸缩杆(3)上的复位弹簧(2)，伸缩杆(3)和复位弹簧(2)的端部相连从而组成同步机构，且二者的一端共同连接在凹形底盘(8)的一侧，另一端通过固定支座(1)固定在液压支架的端头位置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的沿空留巷端头支架迁移时保护顶板托盘的装置，其特征在于，两组凹形底盘(8)之间通过若干组伸缩弹簧(7)相连，且伸缩弹簧(7)均通过锚固件(6)锚固在两侧的凹形底盘(8)上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的沿空留巷端头支架迁移时保护顶板托盘的装置，其特征在于，伸缩杆(3)与固定支座(1)之间通过端头铰接球(9)铰连。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的沿空留巷端头支架迁移时保护顶板托盘的装置，其特征在于，履带(4)与滚轮(5)接触的一面具有啮合齿，所述滚轮(5)为与履带(4)上啮合齿相配合的啮合滚轮。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一权利要求所述的沿空留巷端头支架迁移时保护顶板托盘的装置，其特征在于，伸缩杆(3)为减震伸缩杆。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的沿空留巷端头支架迁移时保护顶板托盘的装置，其特征在于，定义伸缩弹簧7的伸缩量为k，伸缩弹簧7初始状态的长度为a，每组凹形底盘8的宽度为b，每条履带(4)宽度为c，支架总宽度为L，则k+a+2b+2c＝L；定义每排锚杆或者锚索之间的最大偏移量为M，则M＝k。
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CN113279791B (zh) * 2021-07-05 2023-11-21 华晋焦煤有限责任公司 一种沿空巷道顶板支护用非对称锚梁结构
CN114592673A (zh) * 2022-01-12 2022-06-07 许火胜 一种建筑装修用墙面粉刷多功能支架
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