WO2020090616A1 - リニア電源回路 - Google Patents
リニア電源回路 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020090616A1 WO2020090616A1 PCT/JP2019/041712 JP2019041712W WO2020090616A1 WO 2020090616 A1 WO2020090616 A1 WO 2020090616A1 JP 2019041712 W JP2019041712 W JP 2019041712W WO 2020090616 A1 WO2020090616 A1 WO 2020090616A1
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- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- output
- power supply
- current
- supply circuit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F3/00—Non-retroactive systems for regulating electric variables by using an uncontrolled element, or an uncontrolled combination of elements, such element or such combination having self-regulating properties
- G05F3/02—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F3/08—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC
- G05F3/10—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics
- G05F3/16—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices
- G05F3/20—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices using diode- transistor combinations
- G05F3/26—Current mirrors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/575—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices characterised by the feedback circuit
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/59—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/45—Differential amplifiers
- H03F3/45071—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/45076—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of implementation of the active amplifying circuit in the differential amplifier
- H03F3/45179—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of implementation of the active amplifying circuit in the differential amplifier using MOSFET transistors as the active amplifying circuit
- H03F3/45183—Long tailed pairs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/45—Differential amplifiers
- H03F3/45071—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/45076—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of implementation of the active amplifying circuit in the differential amplifier
- H03F3/45475—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of implementation of the active amplifying circuit in the differential amplifier using IC blocks as the active amplifying circuit
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a linear power supply circuit.
- Linear power supply circuits such as LDO [low drop out] are used as power supply means for various devices.
- Patent Document 1 As an example of the related art related to the above, Patent Document 1 can be cited.
- the linear power supply circuit be capable of high-speed response so that fluctuations in the output voltage can be suppressed even when the load changes rapidly.
- the output voltage of the linear power supply circuit needs to be set to a value suitable for the device in which the linear power supply circuit is incorporated, and when it is lowered (for example, 1 V or lower) or raised (for example, 5 V or higher). There is.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a linear power supply circuit that can operate without any problem even when the output voltage is increased, and can provide a high-speed response.
- a linear power supply circuit includes an output transistor provided between an input terminal to which an input voltage is applied and an output terminal to which an output voltage is applied.
- a driver that drives the output transistor based on a difference between a voltage based on the output voltage and a reference voltage, wherein the driver outputs a voltage according to a difference between the voltage based on the output voltage and the reference voltage.
- a current amplifier that current-amplifies the output of the converter, and the power supply voltage of the differential amplifier is the first constant voltage or the input voltage (first configuration).
- the power supply voltage of the differential amplifier is the first constant voltage and the power supply voltage of the current amplifier is the second constant voltage (second configuration). May be
- the withstand voltage of the differential amplifier and the converter may be higher than the output voltage (third configuration).
- the power supply voltage of the differential amplifier and the power supply voltage of the current amplifier may be the input voltage (fourth configuration).
- the withstand voltage of the differential amplifier and the converter may be lower than the withstand voltage of the current amplifier (fifth configuration).
- the gain of the differential amplifier may be smaller than the gain of the current amplifier (sixth configuration).
- the current amplifier includes a plurality of current sink type current mirror circuits and a plurality of current source type current mirror circuits, respectively.
- the mirror ratio of each may be 5 or less, and the mirror ratio of each of the current source type current mirror circuits may be 5 or less (seventh configuration).
- the converter may be an NMOSFET or an NPN transistor (eighth configuration).
- the differential pair transistor of the differential amplifier may be a PMOSFET or a PNP transistor (ninth configuration).
- the vehicle according to one aspect of the present invention has a configuration (tenth configuration) including the linear power supply circuit according to any one of the first to ninth configurations.
- a linear power supply circuit is an output transistor provided between an input terminal to which an input voltage is applied and an output terminal to which an output voltage is applied. And a driver that drives the output transistor based on a difference between the divided voltage of the output voltage and a reference voltage, wherein the driver has a voltage corresponding to a difference between the divided voltage of the output voltage and the reference voltage.
- a differential amplifier that outputs the differential amplifier, a capacitance to which the output of the differential amplifier is applied to one end and a ground potential to the other end, and a converter that converts a voltage based on the output of the differential amplifier into a current and outputs the current.
- a current amplifier for current-amplifying the output of the converter, wherein the power supply voltage of the differential amplifier and the converter is a voltage lower than the output voltage and dependent on the output voltage ( Eleventh configuration) To.
- the voltage division may be lower than the power supply voltage of the differential amplifier and the converter (twelfth structure).
- the withstand voltage of the differential amplifier and the converter may be lower than the output voltage (thirteenth configuration).
- the power supply voltage of the current amplifier may be a constant voltage (fourteenth configuration).
- the withstand voltage of the differential amplifier and the converter may be lower than the withstand voltage of the current amplifier (fifteenth configuration).
- the gain of the differential amplifier may be smaller than the gain of the current amplifier (sixteenth configuration).
- the current amplifier includes a plurality of current sink type current mirror circuits and a plurality of current source type current mirror circuits, respectively.
- the mirror ratio of each may be 5 or less, and the mirror ratio of each of the current source type current mirror circuits may be 5 or less (seventeenth structure).
- the linear power supply circuit having any one of the eleventh to seventeenth configurations further includes a generator that generates a power supply voltage for the differential amplifier and the converter from the output voltage, and the generator has a high impedance. It may have a configuration including an input element (eighteenth configuration).
- the breakdown voltage of the element is equal to or higher than the output voltage, and the breakdown voltage of a portion of the generation unit excluding the element is lower than the output voltage (19th configuration).
- a feedback unit that feeds back information regarding an output current output from the output end to the current amplifier
- the driver is configured to output the output voltage of the output voltage.
- the output transistor is driven based on the difference between the divided voltage and the reference voltage and the information, and the feedback unit is provided at the first predetermined position of the first path from the output of the differential amplifier to the output end.
- Information is fed back, and the information is acquired from a second predetermined position of a second path from the input of the current amplifier to the output end, and the second predetermined position is located closer to the output end than the first predetermined position.
- the current amplifier includes a plurality of current sink type current mirror circuits and a plurality of current source type current mirror circuits, respectively.
- the input side of the type current mirror circuit is the first predetermined position
- the feedback unit draws a current according to the information from the first predetermined position
- the current drawn by the feedback unit from the first predetermined position The maximum value of the combined current with the current drawn from the first predetermined position by the current sink type current mirror circuit whose input side is the first predetermined position does not depend on the output of the converter (twentieth structure) May be
- a vehicle according to another aspect of the present invention has a configuration (21st configuration) including the linear power supply circuit according to any one of the 11th to 20th configurations.
- the linear power supply circuit operates without any problem and high-speed response is possible.
- the linear power supply circuit even when the output voltage is increased in the linear power supply circuit, the linear power supply circuit operates without any problem and high-speed response is possible.
- the figure which shows one structural example of the differential amplifier used with the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. The figure which shows one structural example of the differential amplifier used with the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a current amplifier and a feed bag unit used in the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a linear power supply circuit developed by the present inventor as a linear power supply circuit capable of high-speed response.
- the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 1 includes an input end T1, an output end T2, an output transistor 1, a driver 2, a reference voltage generation unit 3, and resistors 4 and 5.
- the output capacitor 6 and the load 7 are externally attached to the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. Specifically, the output capacitor 6 and the load 7 are externally connected in parallel to the output end T2.
- the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 1 steps down the input voltage VIN to generate the output voltage VOUT, and supplies the output voltage VOUT to the load 7.
- the output transistor 1 is provided between the input terminal T1 to which the input voltage VIN is applied and the output terminal T2 to which the output voltage VOUT is applied.
- Driver 2 drives output transistor 1. Specifically, the driver 2 supplies the gate signal G1 to the gate of the output transistor 1 to drive the output transistor 1.
- the conductivity of the output transistor 1 (on-resistance value if turned upside down) is controlled by the gate signal G1.
- a PMOSFET P-channel type MOSFET] is used as the output transistor 1. Therefore, the lower the gate signal G1, the higher the conductivity of the output transistor 1 and the higher the output voltage VOUT. On the contrary, the higher the gate signal G1, the lower the conductivity of the output transistor 1 and the lower the output voltage VOUT.
- an NMOSFET or a bipolar transistor may be used instead of the PMOSFET.
- the reference voltage generator 3 generates a reference voltage VREF.
- the resistors 4 and 5 generate a feedback voltage VFB which is a divided voltage of the output voltage VOUT.
- the feedback voltage VFB is applied to the non-inverting input terminal (+) of the driver 2, and the reference voltage VREF is applied to the inverting input terminal ( ⁇ ) of the driver 2.
- the driver 2 increases the gate signal G1 as the difference value ⁇ V increases, and conversely decreases the gate signal G1 as the difference value ⁇ V decreases.
- the driver 2 includes a differential amplifier 21, a capacitor 22, a PMOSFET 23, a current amplifier 24, and a PMOSFET 25.
- the differential amplifier 21 outputs a voltage according to the difference between the feedback voltage VFB and the reference voltage VREF.
- the power supply voltage of the differential amplifier 21 is the output voltage VOUT. That is, the differential amplifier 21 is driven by a voltage between the output voltage VOUT and the ground potential.
- the withstand voltage of the differential amplifier 21 is lower than that of the current amplifier 24.
- the gain of the differential amplifier 21 is smaller than that of the current amplifier 24. As a result, the size of the differential amplifier 21 can be reduced.
- the output of the differential amplifier 21 is applied to one end of the capacitor 22, and the ground potential is applied to the other end of the capacitor 22.
- the output voltage VOUT is applied to the source of the PMOSFET 23, and the voltage based on the output of the differential amplifier 21 (the connection node voltage between the differential amplifier 21 and the capacitor 22) is applied to the gate of the PMOSFET 23.
- the PMOSFET 23 converts the voltage based on the output of the differential amplifier 21 into a current and outputs it from the drain. Since the connection node between the differential amplifier 21 and the capacitor 22 is grounded in the high frequency band, high speed response of the driver 2 can be realized.
- the current amplifier 24 amplifies the current Ia output from the drain of the PMOSFET 23.
- the power supply voltage of the current amplifier 24 is a constant voltage VREG. That is, the current amplifier 24 is driven by a voltage between the constant voltage VREG and the ground potential.
- the PMOSFET 25 constitutes a current mirror circuit together with the output transistor 1.
- the PMOSFET 25 converts the current Ib output from the current amplifier 24 into a voltage and supplies the voltage to the gate of the output transistor 1.
- FIG. 2 is a time chart showing the output characteristics of the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. FIG. 2 shows that the output voltage VOUT is set to VS and the capacitance of the output capacitor 6 is a predetermined value, and then the load 7 is switched from the first state to the second state and then the first state is again set. It is a time chart at the time of returning to a state.
- the first state is a light load state in which the theoretical value of the output current IOUT is I1
- the second state is a heavy load state in which the theoretical value of the output current IOUT is I2 (> I1).
- the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 1 is capable of high-speed response, it is possible to reduce the overshoot amount OS.
- the output voltage VOUT is used as the power supply voltage of the differential amplifier 21. Therefore, there is a first problem that the differential amplifier 21 cannot operate when the output voltage VOUT is lowered (for example, 1 V or less).
- the withstand voltage of the differential amplifier 21 needs to be equal to or higher than the output voltage VOUT. Therefore, when the output voltage VOUT is raised to a high voltage (for example, 5 V or higher), the circuit area of the differential amplifier 21 is increased due to the high breakdown voltage of the differential amplifier 21, and as a result, the response time of the differential amplifier 21 increases. There is a second problem that a delay occurs and the response of the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 1 deteriorates.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the linear power supply circuit according to the first embodiment.
- the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 3 is an example of a linear power supply circuit developed by the present inventor to solve the first problem of the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 3, the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 3 is different from the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 1 in that a differential amplifier 21 ′, a capacitor 22 ′, and an NMOSFET 23 ′ are provided instead of the differential amplifier 21, the capacitor 22, and the PMOSFET 23. There is.
- An NPN transistor may be used instead of the NMOSFET 23 '.
- the differential amplifier 21 outputs a voltage according to the difference between the feedback voltage VFB and the reference voltage VREF. However, if the output voltage VOUT is within the input dynamic range of the differential amplifier 21 ′, the output voltage VOUT itself is used as the feedback voltage VFB without providing the resistors 4 and 5, and the output voltage VOUT is used as the differential amplifier 21 ′. You can enter it directly.
- the power supply voltage of the differential amplifier 21 ' is the first constant voltage VREG1. That is, the differential amplifier 21 'is driven by a voltage between the first constant voltage VREG1 and the ground potential.
- the differential amplifier 21 used in the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 1 includes an NMOSFET as a differential pair transistor as shown in FIG. 4, for example, whereas the differential amplifier 21 'used in the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, a PMOSFET is provided as a differential pair transistor.
- a PNP transistor may be used as a differential pair transistor instead of the PMOSFET.
- the differential amplifier 21 ' is not limited to an amplifier including a PMOSFET or a PNP transistor as a differential pair transistor.
- a folded cascode type amplifier including an NMOSFET or NPN transistor as a differential pair transistor can be used as the differential amplifier 21 '.
- the output of the differential amplifier 21 ' is applied to one end of the capacitor 22', and the output voltage VOUT is applied to the other end of the capacitor 22 '.
- a voltage depending on the output voltage VOUT may be applied to the other end of the capacitor 22 '.
- the second constant voltage VREG2 is applied to the drain of the NMOSFET 23 ', and the voltage based on the output of the differential amplifier 21' (the connection node voltage between the differential amplifier 21 'and the capacitor 22') is applied to the gate of the NMOSFET 23 '.
- the NMOSFET 23 ' converts the voltage based on the output of the differential amplifier 21' into a current and outputs it from the source. Since the connection node between the differential amplifier 21 'and the capacitor 22' is the output voltage VOUT grounded in the high frequency band, it is possible to realize the high speed response of the driver 2.
- the first constant voltage VREG1 and the second constant voltage VREG2 may have the same value or different values.
- the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 3 has the same effect as the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. Further, the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 3 can ensure the operation of the differential amplifier 21 'even when the set value of the output voltage VOUT is low. That is, the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 3 can operate without problems even when the output voltage VOUT is reduced to a low voltage (for example, 1 V or less) and can provide a high-speed response. Therefore, for example, in the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 3, the output voltage is lowered (for example, 1 V or less), the first constant voltage VREG1 and the second constant voltage VREG2 are set higher than the output voltage VOUT, and the differential amplifier 21 ′ is operated.
- the breakdown voltage may be set to the first constant voltage VREG1 or higher, and the breakdown voltage of the NMOSFET 23 ′ may be set to the second constant voltage VREG2 or higher.
- the withstand voltage of the differential amplifier 21 ' is lower than that of the current amplifier 24.
- the gain of the differential amplifier 21 ' is smaller than that of the current amplifier 24. As a result, the size of the differential amplifier 21 'can be reduced.
- the breakdown voltage of the NMOSFET 23 ' is lower than that of the current amplifier 24. As a result, the size of the NMOSFET 23 'can be reduced.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the current amplifier 24 used in the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG.
- the current amplifier 24 includes current source type current mirror circuits CM_1, CM_2, CM_4, ... And CM_n-1 (however, CM_n-1 is not shown in FIG. 6), current sink type current mirror circuits CM_3 ,. , And CM_n. Between the current source type current mirror circuit CM_1 and the constant current source CS1 flowing the constant current I1 and the current sink type current mirror circuit CM_n, from the input to the output of the current amplifier 24, the current source type current mirror circuit and the current sink type. The current mirror circuits are alternately arranged.
- the mirror ratio of each current mirror circuit (the size of the output side transistor with respect to the size of the input side transistor) is preferably 5 or less, It is more preferably 3 or less.
- the smaller the mirror ratio of each current mirror circuit the larger the circuit area of the current amplifier 24. Therefore, the mirror ratio of each current mirror circuit is set in consideration of the trade-off between the improvement in frequency characteristics and the size reduction. Just decide.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram showing a configuration example of a constant voltage generation circuit that generates the first constant voltage VREG1.
- the constant voltage generation circuit shown in FIG. 7A includes a resistor 11, a Zener diode 12, and an NMOSFET 13.
- the value of the first constant voltage VREG1 generated by the constant voltage generation circuit shown in FIG. 7A is a value obtained by subtracting the gate-source voltage of the NMOSFET 13 from the zener voltage of the zener diode 12.
- An NPN transistor may be used instead of the NMOSFET 13.
- the constant voltage generation circuit that generates the second constant voltage VREG2 may have the same circuit configuration as the constant voltage generation circuit that generates the first constant voltage VREG1.
- the single constant voltage generation circuit can generate the first constant voltage VREG1 and the second constant voltage VREG2.
- a constant voltage input terminal is provided in the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 3 to supply the first constant voltage VREG1 and the second constant voltage VREG2. It may be supplied to the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 3 from the outside of the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG.
- the input voltage VIN is used as the power supply voltage of the differential amplifier 21 ′ instead of the first constant voltage VREG1, and the second constant voltage VREG2 is used.
- the input voltage VIN may be used as the power supply voltage of the current amplifier 24.
- the constant voltage generation circuit that generates the first constant voltage VREG1 and the constant voltage generation circuit that generates the second constant voltage VREG2 are unnecessary.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the configuration of the linear power supply circuit according to the second embodiment.
- the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 8 is an example of a linear power supply circuit developed by the present inventor to solve the second problem of the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 8, the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 8 is different from the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 1 in that the power supply voltage of the differential amplifier 21 and the voltage applied to the source of the PMOSFET 23 are not the output voltage VOUT but the voltage V1. ..
- the voltage V1 is a voltage lower than the output voltage VOUT and depends on the output voltage VOUT.
- the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 8 realizes a high-speed response of the driver 2 because the connection node between the differential amplifier 21 and the capacitor 22 is grounded in the high frequency band. You can
- the power supply voltage of the differential amplifier 21 is the voltage V1 as described above. Further, the feedback voltage VFB is set lower than the voltage V1. Therefore, in the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 8, it is not necessary that the withstand voltage of the differential amplifier 21 be equal to or higher than the output voltage VOUT, and the withstand voltage of the differential amplifier 21 need only be equal to or higher than the voltage V1. Therefore, even if the output voltage VOUT is increased to a high voltage (for example, 5 V or more), it is not necessary to increase the withstand voltage of the differential amplifier 21. Therefore, the withstand voltage of the differential amplifier 21 and the PMOSFET 23 is preferably set to the voltage V1 or more and less than the output voltage VOUT.
- the withstand voltage of the differential amplifier 21 is lower than that of the current amplifier 24.
- the gain of the differential amplifier 21 is smaller than that of the current amplifier 24. As a result, the size of the differential amplifier 21 can be reduced.
- the withstand voltage of the PMOSFET 23 is lower than that of the current amplifier 24. As a result, the PMOSFET 23 can be downsized.
- FIG. 9A is a diagram showing a configuration example of the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 8.
- the same parts as those in FIG. 8 are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the linear power supply circuit includes the generation unit 8 that generates the voltage V1.
- the generator 8 includes a resistor 81, an NMOSFET 82, and a current source 83.
- One end of the resistor 81 and the drain of the NMOSFET 82 are connected to the output terminal T2.
- the other end of the resistor 81 and the gate of the NMOSFET 82 are connected to the resistor 4.
- the source of the NMOSFET 82 is connected to the ground potential via the current source 83.
- the connection node voltage between the NMOSFET 82 and the current source 83 becomes the voltage V1.
- the resistor 81 of the generator 8 is also involved in the generation of the feedback voltage VFB.
- the resistors 81, 4, and 5 generate the feedback voltage VFB. Since the voltage V1 is the power supply voltage of the differential amplifier 1 and the PMOSFET 23, the generator 8 supplies the power supply current of the differential amplifier 1 and the PMOSFET 23, but the NMOSFET 82 is a high impedance input element (input impedance is a resistance value). Since it is an element that can be regarded as ⁇ , useless power consumption in the resistor 81 can be prevented by providing the NMOSFET 82.
- the circuit constants of the generator 8 and the resistors 4 and 5 may be set, for example, so that the value of the current flowing through the resistors 81, 4, and 5 and the value of the current flowing through the current source 83 are substantially the same.
- the breakdown voltage of the NMOSFET 82 is equal to or higher than the output voltage VOUT, and the breakdown voltage of the portion (the resistor 81, the current source 83) of the generation unit 8 other than the NMOSFET 82 is lower than the output voltage VOUT. As a result, the size of the generation unit 8 can be reduced.
- FIG. 9B is a diagram showing another configuration example of the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG. 9B, the same parts as those in FIG. 9A are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the generation unit 8 includes a capacitor 84 in addition to the resistor 81, the NMOSFET 82, and the current source 83.
- the capacitor 84 is provided between the gate and the source of the NMOSFET 82.
- FIG. 10A is a diagram showing a configuration example of the current amplifier 24 used in the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG.
- the current amplifier 24 includes current sink type current mirror circuits CM_1, CM_2, ..., CM_n and current source type current mirror circuits CM_3 ,. ), And. Between the current sink type current mirror circuit CM_1 and the constant current source CS1 for flowing the constant current I1 and the current sink type current mirror circuit CM_n, from the input to the output of the current amplifier 24, the current sink type current mirror circuit and the current source type The current mirror circuits are alternately arranged.
- the mirror ratio of each current mirror circuit (the size of the output side transistor relative to the size of the input side transistor) is preferably 5 or less, It is more preferably 3 or less.
- the smaller the mirror ratio of each current mirror circuit the larger the circuit area of the current amplifier 24. Therefore, the mirror ratio of each current mirror circuit is set in consideration of the trade-off between the improvement of the frequency characteristic and the downsizing. Just decide.
- the feedback unit 9 may be added to the linear power supply circuit shown in FIG.
- the feedback unit 9 feeds back the above information to the first predetermined position of the first path from the output of the differential amplifier 21 to the output end T2. Specifically, the feedback unit 9 negatively feeds back the information regarding the output current IOUT output from the output terminal T2 to the current amplifier 24. Therefore, the current amplifier 24 outputs the current Ia output from the drain of the PMOSFET 23 and the current Ib based on the above information.
- the NMOSFET 91 functioning as the feedback unit 9 acquires the above information from the second predetermined position on the second path from the input of the differential amplifier 21 to the output terminal T2.
- the second predetermined position is located closer to the output end T2 than the first predetermined position.
- the NMOSFET 91 acquires the above information from the current mirror circuit CM_n.
- the above information is information regarding the current Ib. Since the current mirror circuit configured by the PMOSFET 25 and the output transistor 1 generates the output current IOUT according to the current Ib, the above information is the information about the output current IOUT.
- the NMOSFET 91 feeds back the above information to the connection node between the current sink type current mirror circuit CM_1 and the constant current source CS1.
- the current amplifier 24 and the feedback unit 9 shown in FIG. 10B function as an overcurrent protection circuit for the linear power supply circuit.
- connection node n1 the input side of the current sink type current mirror circuit CM_2 is the above-mentioned first predetermined position.
- the above-mentioned first predetermined position will be referred to as a connection node n1.
- the feedback unit 9 extracts the current Ix corresponding to the above information from the connection node n1.
- the current sink type current mirror circuit CM_2 extracts the current Iy which is the drain current of the input side transistor of the current sink type current mirror circuit CM_2 from the connection node n1.
- the above-mentioned first predetermined position may be located closer to the output end T2 than the position shown in FIG. 10B.
- the NMOSFET 91 may feed back the above information to the connection node between the current mirror circuit CM_3 and the current mirror circuit CM_4 (not shown in FIG. 10C).
- the configuration example shown in FIG. 10C also functions as an overcurrent protection circuit for the linear power supply circuit similarly to the configuration example shown in FIG. 10B.
- the above-mentioned second predetermined position may be located on the input side of the current amplifier 24 rather than the position shown in FIG. 10B.
- the NMOSFET 91 may acquire the above information from the current mirror circuit CM_n ⁇ 2 as in the configuration example shown in FIG. 10D.
- the configuration example shown in FIG. 10D also functions as an overcurrent protection circuit for the linear power supply circuit similarly to the configuration example shown in FIG. 10B.
- FIG. 11 is an external view of the vehicle X.
- the vehicle X of the present configuration example is equipped with various electronic devices X11 to X18 that operate by receiving a voltage output from a battery (not shown).
- the mounting positions of the electronic devices X11 to X18 in this figure may be different from the actual positions for convenience of illustration.
- the electronic device X11 is an engine control unit that performs control related to the engine (injection control, electronic throttle control, idling control, oxygen sensor heater control, auto cruise control, etc.).
- the electronic device X12 is a lamp control unit that controls lighting such as HID [high intensity discharged lamp] and DRL [daytime running lamp].
- the electronic device X13 is a transmission control unit that performs control related to the transmission.
- the electronic device X14 is a braking unit that performs control related to the movement of the vehicle X (ABS [anti-lock brake system] control, EPS [electric power steering] control, electronic suspension control, etc.).
- ABS anti-lock brake system
- EPS electric power steering
- electronic suspension control etc.
- the electronic device X15 is a security control unit that controls the driving of door locks and crime prevention alarms.
- the electronic device X16 is a standard equipment item such as a wiper, an electric door mirror, a power window, a damper (shock absorber), an electric sunroof, and an electric seat, and is an electronic device incorporated in the vehicle X at the factory shipment stage as a standard equipment item or a manufacturer option item. Is.
- the electronic device X17 is an electronic device such as an in-vehicle A / V [audio / visual] device, a car navigation system, and an ETC [electronic toll collection system] that is optionally attached to the vehicle X as a user option item.
- the electronic device X18 is an electronic device equipped with a high withstand voltage motor such as an in-vehicle blower, an oil pump, a water pump, and a battery cooling fan.
- a high withstand voltage motor such as an in-vehicle blower, an oil pump, a water pump, and a battery cooling fan.
- the linear power supply circuit described above can be incorporated in any of the electronic devices X11 to X18.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、高速応答が可能なリニア電源回路として本発明者が開発したリニア電源回路の構成を示す図である。図1に示すリニア電源回路は、入力端T1と、出力端T2と、出力トランジスタ1と、ドライバ2と、基準電圧生成部3と、抵抗4及び5と、を備える。
図3は、第1実施形態に係るリニア電源回路の構成を示す図である。図3に示すリニア電源回路は、図1に示すリニア電源回路の第1の問題点を解決するために本発明者が開発したリニア電源回路の一例である。図3において図1と同一の部分には同一の符号を付し詳細な説明を省略する。
図6は、図3に示すリニア電源回路で用いられる電流増幅器24の一構成例を示す図である。電流増幅器24は、電流ソース型カレントミラー回路CM_1、CM_2、CM_4、・・・、及びCM_n-1(ただしCM_n-1は図6において不図示)と、電流シンク型カレントミラー回路CM_3、・・・、及びCM_nと、を備える。電流ソース型カレントミラー回路CM_1及び定電流I1を流す定電流源CS1と電流シンク型カレントミラー回路CM_nとの間において電流増幅器24の入力から出力に向かって、電流ソース型カレントミラー回路と電流シンク型カレントミラー回路とが交互に配置される。各カレントミラー回路で発生するポールをできるだけ低帯域に寄らないようにするために、各カレントミラー回路のミラー比(入力側トランジスタのサイズに対する出力側トランジスタのサイズ)は5以下であることが好ましく、より好ましくは3以下である。但し、各カレントミラー回路のミラー比を小さくするほど、電流増幅器24の回路面積は大きくなってしまうので、周波数特性の改善と小型化とのトレードオフを考慮して各カレントミラー回路のミラー比を決定すればよい。
図8は、第2実施形態に係るリニア電源回路の構成を示す図である。図8に示すリニア電源回路は、図1に示すリニア電源回路の第2の問題点を解決するために本発明者が開発したリニア電源回路の一例である。図8において図1と同一の部分には同一の符号を付し詳細な説明を省略する。
図9Aは、図8に示すリニア電源回路の一構成例を示す図である。図9Aにおいて図8と同一の部分には同一の符号を付し詳細な説明を省略する。
Ix+Iy≦I1 ・・・(1)
Ib≦I1/C (Cは定数)
図11は、車両Xの外観図である。本構成例の車両Xは、不図示のバッテリから出力される電圧の供給を受けて動作する種々の電子機器X11~X18を搭載している。なお、本図における電子機器X11~X18の搭載位置は、図示の便宜上、実際とは異なる場合がある。
上記実施形態は、全ての点で例示であって、制限的なものではないと考えられるべきであり、本発明の技術的範囲は、上記実施形態の説明ではなく、特許請求の範囲によって示されるものであり、特許請求の範囲と均等の意味及び範囲内に属する全ての変更が含まれると理解されるべきである。
2 ドライバ
8 生成部
9 フィードバック部
21、21’ 差動増幅器
22、22’ 容量
23 PMOSFET(変換器の一例)
23’ NMOSFET(変換器の他の例)
24 電流増幅器
X 車両
Claims (17)
- 入力電圧が印加される入力端と出力電圧が印加される出力端との間に設けられた出力トランジスタと、
前記出力電圧に基づく電圧と基準電圧との差に基づいて前記出力トランジスタを駆動するドライバと、
を備え、
前記ドライバは、前記出力電圧に基づく電圧と前記基準電圧との差に応じた電圧を出力する差動増幅器と、前記差動増幅器の出力が一端に印加され前記出力電圧に基づく電圧が他端に印加される容量と、前記差動増幅器の出力に基づく電圧を電流に変換して出力する変換器と、前記変換器の出力を電流増幅する電流増幅器と、を備え、
前記差動増幅器の電源電圧が第1定電圧又は前記入力電圧である、
リニア電源回路。 - 前記差動増幅器の電源電圧が前記第1定電圧であり、前記電流増幅器の電源電圧が第2定電圧である、請求項1に記載のリニア電源回路。
- 前記差動増幅器及び前記変換器の耐圧は、前記出力電圧より高い、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のリニア電源回路。
- 前記差動増幅器の電源電圧及び前記電流増幅器の電源電圧が前記入力電圧である、請求項1に記載のリニア電源回路。
- 前記変換器は、NMOSFET又はNPNトランジスタである、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のリニア電源回路。
- 前記差動増幅器の差動対トランジスタは、PMOSFET又はPNPトランジスタである、請求項5に記載のリニア電源回路。
- 入力電圧が印加される入力端と出力電圧が印加される出力端との間に設けられた出力トランジスタと、
前記出力電圧の分圧と基準電圧との差に基づいて前記出力トランジスタを駆動するドライバと、
を備え、
前記ドライバは、前記分圧と前記基準電圧との差に応じた電圧を出力する差動増幅器と、前記差動増幅器の出力が一端に印加されグランド電位が他端に印加される容量と、前記差動増幅器の出力に基づく電圧を電流に変換して出力する変換器と、前記変換器の出力を電流増幅する電流増幅器と、を備え、
前記差動増幅器及び前記変換器の電源電圧が前記出力電圧より低い電圧であって前記出力電圧に依存する電圧である、
リニア電源回路。 - 前記分圧は前記差動増幅器及び前記変換器の電源電圧より低い、請求項7に記載のリニア電源回路。
- 前記差動増幅器及び前記変換器の耐圧は、前記出力電圧より低い、請求項7又は請求項8に記載のリニア電源回路。
- 前記電流増幅器の電源電圧が定電圧である、請求項7~9のいずれか一項に記載のリニア電源回路。
- 前記出力電圧から前記差動増幅器及び前記変換器の電源電圧を生成する生成部をさらに備え、
前記生成部は、ハイインピーダンス入力の素子を備える、請求項7~10のいずれか一項に記載のリニア電源回路。 - 前記素子の耐圧は前記出力電圧以上であり、前記生成部の前記素子を除く部分の耐圧は前記出力電圧より低い、請求項11に記載のリニア電源回路。
- 前記出力端から出力される出力電流に関する情報を前記電流増幅器にフィードバックするフィードバック部を備え、
前記ドライバは、前記出力電圧の分圧と基準電圧との差、及び、前記情報に基づいて前記出力トランジスタを駆動し、
前記フィードバック部は、前記差動増幅器の出力から前記出力端までの第1経路の第1所定位置に前記情報をフィードバックし、前記電流増幅器の入力から前記出力端までの第2経路の第2所定位置から前記情報を取得し、
前記第2所定位置は前記第1所定位置よりも前記出力端側に位置し、
前記電流増幅器は、電流シンク型カレントミラー回路と電流ソース型カレントミラー回路とをそれぞれ複数備え、
いずれかの前記電流シンク型カレントミラー回路の入力側が前記第1所定位置であり、
前記フィードバック部は、前記情報に応じた電流を前記第1所定位置から引き抜き、
前記フィードバック部によって前記第1所定位置から引き抜かれる電流と、入力側が前記第1所定位置である前記電流シンク型カレントミラー回路によって前記第1所定位置から引き抜かれる電流との合成電流の最大値は、前記変換器の出力に依存しない、請求項7~12のいずれか一項に記載のリニア電源回路。 - 前記差動増幅器及び前記変換器の耐圧は、前記電流増幅器の耐圧より低い、請求項4又は請求項10に記載のリニア電源回路。
- 前記差動増幅器のゲインは、前記電流増幅器のゲインより小さい、請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載のリニア電源回路。
- 前記電流増幅器は、電流シンク型カレントミラー回路と電流ソース型カレントミラー回路とをそれぞれ複数備え、
前記電流シンク型カレントミラー回路それぞれのミラー比が5以下であり、
前記電流ソース型カレントミラー回路それぞれのミラー比が5以下である、請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載のリニア電源回路。 - 請求項1~16のいずれか一項に記載のリニア電源回路を備える、車両。
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| US17/286,850 US11338747B2 (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2019-10-24 | Linear power supply circuit |
| KR1020217013020A KR20210083274A (ko) | 2018-10-31 | 2019-10-24 | 선형 전원 회로 |
| JP2020553833A JP7015940B2 (ja) | 2018-10-31 | 2019-10-24 | リニア電源回路 |
| CN202211251608.2A CN115390615A (zh) | 2018-10-31 | 2019-10-24 | 线性电源电路 |
| DE112019005411.2T DE112019005411B4 (de) | 2018-10-31 | 2019-10-24 | Lineare Energieversorgungsschaltungen und Fahrzeug |
| JP2022008567A JP7230249B2 (ja) | 2018-10-31 | 2022-01-24 | リニア電源回路 |
| US17/724,733 US11772586B2 (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2022-04-20 | Linear power supply circuit |
| US18/460,004 US20230406244A1 (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2023-09-01 | Linear Power Supply Circuit |
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| US17/724,733 Continuation US11772586B2 (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2022-04-20 | Linear power supply circuit |
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| US11586235B2 (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2023-02-21 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Linear power supply circuit with phase compensation circuit |
| US20230195152A1 (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2023-06-22 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Linear power supply circuit and vehicle |
| WO2024018815A1 (ja) * | 2022-07-22 | 2024-01-25 | ローム株式会社 | リニア電源回路及び車両 |
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| DE112019005411B4 (de) | 2018-10-31 | 2023-02-23 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Lineare Energieversorgungsschaltungen und Fahrzeug |
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| JP2010277226A (ja) * | 2009-05-27 | 2010-12-09 | Sharp Corp | 直流安定化電源装置及びそれを備えた電子機器 |
| JP2016015076A (ja) * | 2014-07-03 | 2016-01-28 | 株式会社デンソー | レギュレータ回路 |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11586235B2 (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2023-02-21 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Linear power supply circuit with phase compensation circuit |
| US20230195152A1 (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2023-06-22 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Linear power supply circuit and vehicle |
| US12282348B2 (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2025-04-22 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Linear power supply circuit including a current amplifier to amplify output current and vehicle including the same |
| WO2024018815A1 (ja) * | 2022-07-22 | 2024-01-25 | ローム株式会社 | リニア電源回路及び車両 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20220242340A1 (en) | 2022-08-04 |
| DE112019005411T5 (de) | 2021-07-15 |
| US20210380053A1 (en) | 2021-12-09 |
| JP7015940B2 (ja) | 2022-02-03 |
| JP7230249B2 (ja) | 2023-02-28 |
| CN115390615A (zh) | 2022-11-25 |
| US20230406244A1 (en) | 2023-12-21 |
| JPWO2020090616A1 (ja) | 2021-09-02 |
| JP2022058735A (ja) | 2022-04-12 |
| KR20210083274A (ko) | 2021-07-06 |
| US11772586B2 (en) | 2023-10-03 |
| CN112969979B (zh) | 2022-10-14 |
| DE112019005411B4 (de) | 2023-02-23 |
| CN112969979A (zh) | 2021-06-15 |
| US11338747B2 (en) | 2022-05-24 |
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