WO2019178752A1 - 平面轴承 - Google Patents

平面轴承 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019178752A1
WO2019178752A1 PCT/CN2018/079644 CN2018079644W WO2019178752A1 WO 2019178752 A1 WO2019178752 A1 WO 2019178752A1 CN 2018079644 W CN2018079644 W CN 2018079644W WO 2019178752 A1 WO2019178752 A1 WO 2019178752A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
guide ring
planar bearing
ribs
bearing
cover
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/079644
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴勇
严柳青
袁华生
努伊瑟克里斯蒂安
克鲁帕马丁
Original Assignee
舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
吴勇
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司, 吴勇 filed Critical 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
Priority to DE112018007309.2T priority Critical patent/DE112018007309B4/de
Priority to CN201880067251.8A priority patent/CN111225808B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/079644 priority patent/WO2019178752A1/zh
Priority to KR1020207014854A priority patent/KR102492713B1/ko
Publication of WO2019178752A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019178752A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G15/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
    • B60G15/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
    • B60G15/06—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper
    • B60G15/067—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper characterised by the mounting on the vehicle body or chassis of the spring and damper unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G15/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
    • B60G15/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
    • B60G15/06—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper
    • B60G15/067—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper characterised by the mounting on the vehicle body or chassis of the spring and damper unit
    • B60G15/068—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper characterised by the mounting on the vehicle body or chassis of the spring and damper unit specially adapted for MacPherson strut-type suspension
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7803—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings
    • F16C33/7806—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings for spherical roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7816—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
    • F16C33/782—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the sealing region
    • F16C33/7823—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the sealing region of sealing lips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/80—Labyrinth sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/80—Labyrinth sealings
    • F16C33/805—Labyrinth sealings in addition to other sealings, e.g. dirt guards to protect sealings with sealing lips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/418—Bearings, e.g. ball or roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/36—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/05—Vehicle suspensions, e.g. bearings, pivots or connecting rods used therein
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00—Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/53—Spring-damper, e.g. gas springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7803—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings
    • F16C33/7813—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings for tapered roller bearings

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the field of bearings, and more particularly to planar bearings.
  • Figure 1 shows a known strut bearing 1.
  • the planar bearing 1 includes a cover 10, an upper race 20, a plurality of rolling bodies 30, a retainer 40, a lower race 50, and a guide ring 60.
  • FIG 2 shows a schematic view of a MacPherson suspension system using the planar bearing 1 of Figure 1 .
  • the cover 10 of the planar bearing 1 is mounted to the upper support 2, and the upper support 2 is mounted to the vehicle body; the guide ring 60 is supported by the spring 3.
  • the spring 3 is mounted to a spring tray, not shown, to rotate the guide ring 60 and the lower race 50 as the spring 3 rotates.
  • Planar bearings are usually exposed to the outside of the body. Between the cover 10 and the guide ring 60, the outer peripheral side in the radial direction R of the plane bearing 1 (the side away from the central axis O of the planar bearing 1) and the inner peripheral side (the side close to the central axis O) respectively exist.
  • the gaps G1 and G2 are the main pollution paths of the planar bearing 1. When the vehicle in which the planar bearing 1 is mounted is driven on a bad road surface, foreign matter such as water, mud, particles, etc. splashed by the tire may enter the planar bearing 1 through the gaps G1 and G2. Inside.
  • the outer peripheral portion of the guide ring 60 is provided with a flat surface splash guard 69, and the water flow toward the inner side of the planar bearing 1 may enter the interior of the planar bearing 1 via the gaps G1, G2 under high pressure. (As indicated by the dashed arrow in Figure 1). This can lead to an undesired increase in friction and early failure of the planar bearing 1.
  • Fig. 3 shows another known planar bearing 1A.
  • the cover 10A includes the first member 11 and the second member 12; the guide ring 60A includes the third member 61 and the fourth member 62.
  • the first member 1 may be made of a hard plastic, and the second member 12 may be made of a material softer than the first member 11.
  • the third member 61 can serve as a skeleton that reinforces the fourth member 62. Due to the presence of the gaps G1, G2, the planar bearing 1A has a problem similar to that of the planar bearing 1 shown in FIG.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art described above and to provide a planar bearing capable of reducing the possibility that foreign matter such as water, mud, particles, etc. enters the interior of a planar bearing from the gap between the cover of the planar bearing and the guide ring. Sex.
  • a planar bearing includes a cover, a guide ring, and a bearing device disposed between the cover and the guide ring, the outer peripheral portion of the guide ring including a radial and circumferential extension along the planar bearing a splash guard having a first gap formed between the outer peripheral portion of the cover and the splash guard.
  • the splash guard comprises at least one rib protruding from an upper surface of the splash guard, the rib extending continuously or intermittently in the circumferential direction, the rib being used for reducing The size of the first gap.
  • the splash shield includes a foreign matter discharge portion for discharging foreign matter across the at least one ridge.
  • the ridge includes at least one notch that extends through the ridge generally in the radial direction.
  • the splash shield includes a plurality of ribs, the notches of the ribs adjacent in the radial direction being staggered in the circumferential direction.
  • the splash shield includes a plurality of ribs intermittently extending in the circumferential direction, and the ridges adjacent in the circumferential direction are arranged to be staggered in the radial direction.
  • the rib has a triangular, semi-circular, semi-elliptical or trapezoidal cross-section in an axial section of the splash shield.
  • the ribs extend obliquely with respect to the axial direction of the planar bearing such that they are radially outward from the upper side in the axial direction.
  • the guide ring includes a hook portion for hooking with a hook portion of the cover, the guide ring being provided with at least one inner convex portion on a circumferential side or an axial direction of a hook portion thereof And a strip extending continuously or intermittently in the circumferential direction for reducing a second gap between the inner peripheral portion of the cover and the inner peripheral portion of the guide ring.
  • the inner rib extends obliquely with respect to the axial direction of the planar bearing such that it goes radially inward toward the lower side of the axial direction.
  • the planar bearing is a thrust bearing for a MacPherson suspension system
  • the bearing device includes: an upper race fixedly mounted to the cover; a lower race fixedly mounted to the guide ring; and a plurality of rolling bodies located between the upper race and the lower race.
  • one or more ribs can reduce the size of the first gap and function like a breakwater to reduce the possibility of foreign matter such as water, mud, particles, etc. entering the interior of the planar bearing, thereby avoiding Increased friction and early failure of flat bearings.
  • Figure 1 shows a partial axial cross-sectional view of a known planar bearing.
  • FIG. 2 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a MacPherson suspension system using the planar bearing of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 3 shows a partial axial cross-sectional view of another known planar bearing.
  • Figure 4 shows a partial axial cross-sectional view of a planar bearing in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 shows a partial axial cross-sectional view of a planar bearing in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6A shows a partial perspective view of a guide ring of a planar bearing according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6B schematically shows the position of the notch of the ridge of the guide ring of the planar bearing of the third embodiment in a schematic manner.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a ridge of a guide ring of a planar bearing according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B are views showing a partial structure of a guide ring of a planar bearing according to the present invention.
  • 9A and 9B respectively show a partial structural schematic view of a guide ring of a planar bearing according to the prior art and a guide ring of a planar bearing according to the present invention for comparing the effects of the guide ring according to the present invention.
  • G1 first gap G2 second gap; O center axis; A axis; R radial direction;
  • a first embodiment of the present invention provides a planar bearing 100, the same or similar reference numerals are used for the same or similar components of the planar bearing 100 as the planar bearing 1 shown in Fig. 1, and the description is omitted. A detailed description of these components.
  • the planar bearing (hereinafter, simply referred to as "bearing") 100 of the present embodiment includes a cover 10, an upper race 20, a plurality of rolling bodies 30, a retainer 40, a lower race 50, and a guide ring 160. Between the cover 10 and the guide ring 160, a first gap G1 and a second gap G2 are respectively present on the outer circumferential side and the inner circumferential side in the radial direction R of the bearing 100.
  • a labyrinth seal structure 1S is provided between the cover 10 and the guide ring 160.
  • a splash guard 169 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the guide ring 160.
  • the splash plate 169 is located on the axial lower side of the labyrinth seal structure 1S and radially outward.
  • the splash shield 169 extends along (including substantially along) the radial direction R and the circumferential direction C of the bearing 100 (see Figure 6A). It should be understood that the upper surface of the splash guard 169 (without considering the following ribs) and the lower surface need not be flat, and the upper surface of the splash guard 169 (without considering the following ribs) may be slightly inclined to become a more directional path.
  • the outer side goes to the lower side of the axial direction.
  • the upper surface of the splash shield 169 is no longer a flat surface, but a plurality of ribs 168, 167, 166 are formed. From the radially inner side of the bearing 100 to the radially outer side, the first ribs 168, the second ribs 167, and the third ribs 166 are sequentially disposed.
  • the ribs 168, 167, 166 extend generally along the circumferential direction of the bearing 100.
  • the plurality of ribs 168, 167, 166 can reduce the size of the first gap G1 and function like a breakwater to reduce foreign matter (or pollutants) such as water, mud, particles, etc. from entering the labyrinth of the bearing 100.
  • the possibility that the sealing structure 1S further enters the inside of the bearing 100.
  • a second embodiment of the present invention provides a planar bearing 200 for which the same or similar components of the planar bearing 200 as the planar bearing 1A shown in FIG. 2 or the planar bearing 100 shown in FIG. 4 are labeled the same or Like reference numerals are used, and detailed description of these components is omitted.
  • the cover 210A of the planar bearing 200 includes a first member 211 and a second member 212, and the guide ring 260A of the planar bearing 200 includes a third member 261 and a fourth member 262.
  • a labyrinth seal structure 2S is provided between the cover 210A and the guide ring 260A at the outer peripheral portion of the bearing 200.
  • a plurality of sealing lips project from the second member 212 toward the guide ring 260A, the plurality of sealing lips forming a contact or gap seal with the guide ring 260A.
  • a splash guard 269 is provided on the outer circumference of the guide ring 260A. The splash plate 269 is located on the axial lower side of the labyrinth seal structure 2S and radially outward.
  • the upper surface of the splash shield 269 is no longer a flat surface, but a plurality of ridges 268, 267, 266 are formed.
  • the guide ring 360 of the planar bearing of the third embodiment of the present invention has a structure similar to that of the guide ring 60 shown in Fig. 1 and the guide ring 160 shown in Fig. 4.
  • the difference between the guide ring 360 of the present embodiment and the guide ring 60 shown in Fig. 1 and the guide ring 160 shown in Fig. 4 will be mainly described below.
  • the guide ring 360 of the present embodiment includes a guide cylinder portion 364 and a support portion 365 which is substantially cylindrical in the axial direction A of the plane bearing for guiding the suspension system.
  • Spring (refer to spring 3 in Figure 2).
  • the support portion 365 extends from the upper end of the guide cylinder portion 364 toward the radially outer side for supporting the lower race of the bearing, and the spring of the suspension system can be supported by the support portion 365.
  • the splash plate 369 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the support portion 365.
  • a hook portion 363 for hooking with the hook portion of the cover is formed at a joint portion between the guide cylinder portion 364 and the support portion 365.
  • the upper surface of the splash guard 369 is no longer a flat surface, but a plurality of ribs 368, 367, 366 are formed.
  • Each of the ribs 368, 367, 366 is discontinuous in the circumferential direction C, but is formed with one or more indentations.
  • the position of the notches of each of the ribs 368, 367, 366 in the circumferential direction C is preferably offset so as not to lose the effect of the breakwater of the ribs 368, 367, 366.
  • the notches are used to allow foreign matter such as water falling to the radially inner side of the ridges 368, 367, 366 to leave the bearing under the action of gravity and/or centrifugal force.
  • a notch 368C on the first ridge 368 is shown in Figure 6A.
  • Figure 6B shows the position of the notches of the ribs 368, 367 and 366 in a schematic manner.
  • the first notch 368C of the first rib 368 is preferably offset from the second notch 367C of the second rib 367 in the circumferential direction C of the bearing, and the second notch 367C of the second rib 367 is preferably The third notch 366C with the third rib 366 is offset in the circumferential direction C of the bearing.
  • the number of notches of each ridge is not limited to two shown, but may be one or three or more.
  • the notches 368C, 367C, and 366C can be used to discharge foreign matter such as water, and therefore, the notches 368C, 367C, and 366C can be referred to as foreign matter discharge portions.
  • the foreign matter discharge portion is not limited to the above-described notches 368C, 367C, 366C.
  • through holes of the ridges 368, 367, and 366 may be formed at the bottoms of the ribs 368, 367, and 366 so as to penetrate the ribs 368, 367, and 366 substantially in the radial direction R as Foreign matter discharge section.
  • a through hole that penetrates the splash guard 369 substantially in the axial direction A may be formed on the splash guard 369 as a foreign matter discharge portion.
  • the inside of the planar bearing is typically covered by a surrounding structure (e.g., upper support 2 in Figure 2), thus in the first and second embodiments, on the radially outwardly facing splash plate of the guide ring Multiple ribs are set.
  • a surrounding structure e.g., upper support 2 in Figure 2
  • the gap G2 located radially inward of the planar bearing may still become a contaminated path.
  • inner ribs 364A, 364B projecting toward the gap G2 are formed at positions on the radially inner side of the guide ring 360 corresponding to the gap G2, and the ribs 364A, 364B are substantially along the circumferential direction. C extension.
  • the ribs 364A, 364B further reduce the size of the gap G2, and it is possible to reduce the possibility that foreign matter such as water, mud, particles, or the like enters the inside of the bearing via the gap G2.
  • a plurality of hook portions 363 are intermittently provided in the circumferential direction C of the guide ring 360, and ridges 364A, 364B are provided between the adjacent hook portions 363.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and for example, the ridges 364A, 364B may be disposed below the hook portion 363 (axially lower side), particularly in the case where the hook portion 363 extends along the entire circumference of the guide ring 360.
  • the ridges 364A, 364B are preferably arranged obliquely so as to be closer to the axial lower side toward the radially inner side. This makes it easier to prevent foreign matter such as water from entering the bearing, and at the same time, it is convenient for foreign matter such as water to leave the bearing.
  • the ribs 364A, 364B may be referred to as inner ribs
  • the ribs 368, 367, 366 disposed on the splash guard 369 may be referred to as outer ribs.
  • the number of inner ribs is not limited to two (two circles) as shown, and may be one, three or more (one, three or more).
  • the number of outer ribs is not limited to three (three circles) as shown, and may be one, two, four (one turn, two turns, four turns) and the like.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a ridge of a guide ring of a planar bearing according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the upper surface of the splash shield 469 is provided with a plurality of sets of ridges extending substantially in the circumferential direction of the bearing.
  • the first set of ribs 468A, 467A and 466A are offset from the second set of ribs 468B, 467B and 466B in the radial direction R of the bearing. In this way, it is also possible to effectively remove foreign matter such as water from the splash guard 469.
  • circumferential ends of the first set of ribs 468A, 467A, and 466A and the circumferential ends of the second set of ribs 468B, 467B, and 466B are not limited to being aligned with each other as shown in FIG. 7, but may be mutually in each other (in the circumferential direction C) ) separate or overlap.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B are views showing a partial structure of a guide ring of a planar bearing according to the present invention. This structure can be applied to any of the first to fourth embodiments.
  • the cross sections of the first ribs 968, the second ribs 967, and the third ribs 966 may have a substantially triangular shape.
  • the first rib 968, the second rib 967, and the third rib 966 are configured such that the top of the ribs 966, 967, 968 gradually becomes higher from the outer side in the radial direction R (refer to the arrow F) . This can improve the effect of foreign matter such as water resistance, and at the same time, foreign matter such as water passing over the ridges 967 and 966 can be easily separated from the splash guard 969 by the centrifugal force.
  • the radially outwardly facing walls of the first rib 968, the second rib 967, and the third rib 966 form an inner corner 968J, 967J formed by the upper surface of the splash shield 969. Both and 966J are preferably greater than or equal to 90 degrees.
  • the radially inner side walls of the first ribs 968, the second ribs 967, and the third ribs 966 are preferably inclined such that they are radially outward from the upper side in the axial direction.
  • the cross sections of the first ribs 968, the second ribs 967, and the third ribs 966 are not limited to triangles, but may be semicircular, semi-elliptical, Other shapes such as trapezoids. These structures are very advantageous for axial demolding of the ribs.
  • a ridge is formed on the splash guard 969 of the guide ring 960, and foreign matter such as water to reach the first gap G1 may be blocked by the ridge after hitting the ridge to prevent the foreign matter from passing through.
  • the first gap G1 enters the inside of the bearing. Part of the foreign matter is directly rebounded by the ridge and then leaves the bearing, and the foreign matter partially blocked by the ridge can be released from the guide ring 960 by gravity or centrifugal force, for example, leaving the guide ring 960 via the foreign matter discharge portion.
  • the ridges on the splash shield 969 can be made by molding together with the splash shield 969 or the guide ring 960. Compared with the prior art design, the production and bearing assembly of the guide ring 960 does not require a new fixture, the assembly method does not need to be changed, is easy to implement, and the cost increases little.
  • the ribs of the present invention are an effective complement to the labyrinth seal structure, particularly for non-contact seal structures (see, for example, Figure 4).
  • the thrust bearing of the present invention has been described by taking the thrust ball bearing as an example.
  • the rolling elements of the thrust bearing are not limited to the balls, but may be other rolling elements such as a needle roller or a cylindrical roller.
  • planar bearing of the present invention is not limited to use in the MacPherson suspension system, and the planar bearing of the present invention can also be applied to other applications requiring waterproofing, dustproofing, and foreign matter prevention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Sealing Of Bearings (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种平面轴承（100），其包括盖（10）、导向环（160）和设置于盖（10）和导向环（160）之间的轴承装置，导向环（160）的外周部包括沿着平面轴承（100）的径向和周向延伸的防溅板（169），在盖（10）的外周部和防溅板（169）之间形成有第一间隙（G1）。其中，防溅板（169）包括从防溅板（169）的上表面凸出设置的至少一个凸条（168，167，166），凸条（168，167，166）在周向上连续或断续地延伸，凸条（168，167，166）用于减小第一间隙（G1）的尺寸，并起到类似防波堤的作用，以减小水、泥、颗粒等的异物进入到平面轴承（100）内部的可能性，从而避免平面轴承（100）的摩擦增大和早期故障。

Description

平面轴承 技术领域
本发明涉及轴承领域，更具体地涉及平面轴承。
背景技术
图1示出了一种已知的平面轴承(strut bearing)1。如图1所示，该平面轴承1包括盖10、上座圈20、多个滚动体30、保持架40、下座圈50和导向环60。
图2示出了使用图1的平面轴承1的麦弗逊悬架系统的示意图。在该麦弗逊悬架系统中，平面轴承1的盖10安装到上支撑2，上支撑2安装到车身；导向环60支撑于弹簧3。弹簧3安装于未示出的弹簧托盘，在弹簧3转动时，带动导向环60和下座圈50转动。
平面轴承通常暴露于车身的外部。在盖10和导向环60之间，在平面轴承1的径向R上的外周侧(远离平面轴承1的中心轴线O的一侧)和内周侧(靠近中心轴线O的一侧)分别存在第一间隙G1和第二间隙G2。间隙G1、G2为平面轴承1的主要污染路径，当安装有平面轴承1的车辆行驶于恶劣路面时，由轮胎溅起的水、泥、颗粒等的异物可能经由间隙G1、G2进入平面轴承1内。
更具体地，在现有技术中，导向环60的外周部设置有表面平坦的防溅板69，朝向平面轴承1的内侧的水流在高压下可能经由隙间G1、G2进入平面轴承1的内部(如图1中的虚线箭头所示)。这会导致平面轴承1的不期望的摩擦增大和早期故障。
图3示出了另一种已知的平面轴承1A。如图3所示，该平面轴承1A与图1所示的平面轴承1的主要区别是：盖10A包括第一构件11和第二构件12；导向环60A包括第三构件61和第四构件62。例如，第一构件1可以由硬质塑料制成，第二构件12可以由比第一构件11软的材料制成。例如，第三构件61可以作为 对第四构件62起增强作用的骨架。由于间隙G1、G2的存在，该平面轴承1A存在与图1所示的平面轴承1相似的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术存在的不足，提供一种平面轴承，其能够减小水、泥、颗粒等的异物从平面轴承的盖和导向环之间的间隙进入平面轴承内部的可能性。
提供一种平面轴承，其包括盖、导向环和设置于所述盖和所述导向环之间的轴承装置，所述导向环的外周部包括沿着所述平面轴承的径向和周向延伸的防溅板，在所述盖的外周部和所述防溅板之间形成有第一间隙，
其中，所述防溅板包括从所述防溅板的上表面凸出设置的至少一个凸条，所述凸条在所述周向上连续或断续地延伸，所述凸条用于减小所述第一间隙的尺寸。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述防溅板包括用于排出越过至少一个凸条的异物的异物排出部。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述凸条包括大致在所述径向上贯穿所述凸条的至少一个缺口。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述防溅板包括多个凸条，在所述径向上相邻的凸条的缺口在所述周向上错开。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述防溅板包括在所述周向上断续延伸的多个凸条，在所述周向上相邻的凸条在所述径向上错开地布置。
在至少一个实施方式中，在所述防溅板的轴向截面中，所述凸条具有三角形、半圆形、半椭圆形或梯形横截面。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述凸条相对于所述平面轴承的轴向倾斜地延伸成：越向轴向上侧去越靠径向外侧。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述导向环包括用于与所述盖的钩部勾挂的钩部，所述导向环在其钩部的周向侧方或者轴向下方设置有至少一个内侧凸条，所述内侧凸条在所述周向上连续或断续地延伸，用于减小所述盖的内周部和所述导向环的内周部之间的第二间隙。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述内侧凸条相对于所述平面轴承的轴向倾斜地延伸成：越向轴向下侧去越靠径向内侧。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述平面轴承为用于麦弗逊悬架系统的推力轴承，
所述轴承装置包括：固定安装于所述盖的上座圈；固定安装于所述导向环的下座圈；以及位于所述上座圈和所述下座圈之间的多个滚动体。
在本发明中，一个或多个凸条可以减小第一间隙的尺寸，并起到类似防波堤的作用，以减小水、泥、颗粒等的异物进入到平面轴承内部的可能性，从而避免平面轴承的摩擦增大和早期故障。
附图说明
图1示出了一种已知的平面轴承的局部轴向剖视图。
图2示出了使用图1的平面轴承的麦弗逊悬架系统的局部剖视图。
图3示出了另一种已知的平面轴承的局部轴向剖视图。
图4示出了根据本发明的第一实施方式的平面轴承的局部轴向剖视图。
图5示出了根据本发明的第二实施方式的平面轴承的局部轴向剖视图。
图6A示出了根据本发明的第三实施方式的平面轴承的导向环的局部立体图。
图6B以示意图的方式示出了第三实施方式的平面轴承的导向环的凸条的缺口的位置。
图7以示意图的方式示出了根据本发明的第四实施方式的平面轴承的导 向环的凸条的结构。
图8A和图8B示出了根据本发明的平面轴承的导向环的局部结构示意图。
图9A和图9B分别示出了根据现有技术的平面轴承的导向环和根据本发明的平面轴承的导向环的局部结构示意图，用于对比说明根据本发明的导向环的作用效果。
附图标记说明
1、1A平面轴承；10、10A盖；11第一构件；12第二构件；20上座圈；30滚动体；40保持架；50下座圈；60、60A导向环；61第三构件；62第四构件；69防溅板；2上支撑；3弹簧；
G1第一间隙；G2第二间隙；O中心轴线；A轴向；R径向；
100、200平面轴承；210A盖；211第一构件；212第二构件；160、260A、360、960导向环；261第三构件；262第四构件；169、269、369、469、969防溅板；168、167、166、268、267、266、368、367、366、468A、467A、466A、468B、467B、466B、968、967、966凸条；368C、367C、366C缺口；365支撑部；364导向筒部；364A、364B内侧凸条；363钩部；70轴承装置；1S、2S迷宫密封结构；
C周向。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图描述本发明的示例性实施方式。
第一实施方式
参照图4，本发明的第一实施方式提供一种平面轴承100，对于该平面轴承100的与图1所示的平面轴承1相同或相似的部件标注相同或相似的附图标记，并省略对这些部件的详细说明。
本实施方式的平面轴承(下面，有时简称为“轴承”)100包括盖10、上座圈20、多个滚动体30、保持架40、下座圈50和导向环160。在盖10和导向环160之间，在轴承100的径向R上的外周侧和内周侧分别存在第一间隙G1和第二间隙G2。
在轴承100的外周部，在盖10和导向环160之间设置有迷宫密封结构1S。导向环160的外周部设置有防溅板169。防溅板169位于迷宫密封结构1S的轴向下侧且径向外侧。防溅板169沿着(包括大致沿着)轴承100的径向R和周向C(参照图6A)延伸。应当理解，防溅板169的上表面(不考虑下述凸条)和下表面不必是平面，而且，防溅板169的上表面(不考虑下述凸条)可以略微倾斜地形成为越向径向外侧去越靠轴向下侧。
在本实施方式中，防溅板169的上表面不再是平坦表面，而是形成有多个凸条168、167、166。从轴承100的径向内侧向径向外侧去，依次设置第一凸条168、第二凸条167和第三凸条166。凸条168、167、166大致沿着轴承100的周向延伸。多个凸条168、167、166可以减小第一间隙G1的尺寸，并起到类似防波堤的作用，以减小水、泥、颗粒等的异物(或称污染物)进入到轴承100的迷宫密封结构1S进而进入到轴承100内部的可能性。
第二实施方式
参照图5，本发明的第二实施方式提供一种平面轴承200，对于该平面轴承200的与图2所示的平面轴承1A或图4所示的平面轴承100相同或相似的部件标注相同或相似的附图标记，并省略对这些部件的详细说明。
与图2所示的平面轴承1A类似地，该平面轴承200的盖210A包括第一构件211和第二构件212，该平面轴承200的导向环260A包括第三构件261和第四构件262。
在本实施方式中，在轴承200的外周部，在盖210A和导向环260A之间设置有迷宫密封结构2S。特别地，从第二构件212朝向导向环260A伸出多个密封唇，该多个密封唇与导向环260A形成接触或间隙密封。导向环260A的外 周部设置有防溅板269。防溅板269位于迷宫密封结构2S的轴向下侧且径向外侧。
与图4所示的轴承100类似地，在本实施方式中，防溅板269的上表面不再是平坦表面，而是形成有多个凸条268、267、266。
第三实施方式
参照图6A，本发明的第三实施方式的平面轴承的导向环360具有与图1所示的导向环60和图4所示的导向环160类似的结构。下面主要说明本实施方式的导向环360与图1所示的导向环60和图4所示的导向环160的不同之处。
如图6A所示，本实施方式的导向环360包括导向筒部364和支撑部365，导向筒部364为轴向与平面轴承的轴向A大致相同的圆筒状，用于引导悬架系统的弹簧(参照图2中的弹簧3)。支撑部365从导向筒部364的上端朝向径向外侧延伸，用于支撑轴承的下座圈，悬架系统的弹簧可以支撑于该支撑部365。
防溅板369形成于支撑部365的外周部。用于与盖的钩部勾挂的钩部363形成于导向筒部364和支撑部365之间的连接部位处。
与图4所示的轴承100类似地，在本实施方式中，防溅板369的上表面不再是平坦表面，而是形成有多个凸条368、367、366。各凸条368、367、366在周向C上不连续，而是形成有一个或多个缺口。各凸条368、367、366的缺口在周向C上的位置优选地错开，以不损失凸条368、367、366的类似防波堤的作用。缺口用于使落到凸条368、367、366的径向内侧的水等的异物可以在重力和/或离心力的作用下离开轴承。图6A中示出了第一凸条368上的一个缺口368C。
图6B以示意图的方式示出了凸条368、367和366的缺口的位置。如图6B所示，第一凸条368的第一缺口368C优选地与第二凸条367的第二缺口367C在轴承的周向C上错开，第二凸条367的第二缺口367C优选地与第三凸条366的第三缺口366C在轴承的周向C上错开。每个凸条的缺口的数量不限于图示 的两个，而可以是一个或三个或更多个。
如上所述，缺口368C、367C、366C可以用于排出水等的异物，因而，可以将缺口368C、367C、366C称为异物排出部。在本发明中，异物排出部不限于上述缺口368C、367C、366C，例如，可以在凸条368、367和366的底部形成大致在径向R上贯通凸条368、367和366的通孔作为异物排出部。例如，可以在防溅板369上形成大致在轴向A上贯通防溅板369的通孔作为异物排出部。
参照图1和图2，平面轴承的内侧通常由周围结构(例如图2中的上支撑2)覆盖，因而在第一和第二实施方式中，在导向环的径向外侧的防溅板上设置了多个凸条。然而，位于平面轴承的径向内侧的间隙G2仍可能成为污染路径。
参照图6A，在本实施方式中，在导向环360的径向内侧的与间隙G2对应的位置形成有朝向间隙G2伸出的内侧凸条364A、364B，凸条364A、364B大致沿着周向C延伸。凸条364A、364B进一步减小了间隙G2的尺寸，可以减小水、泥、颗粒等的异物经由间隙G2进入轴承内部的可能性。
在图6A所示的示例中，在导向环360的周向C上间断地设置多个钩部363，在相邻的钩部363之间设置凸条364A、364B。然而，本发明不限于此，例如，凸条364A、364B可以设置于钩部363的下方(轴向下侧)，特别是在钩部363沿导向环360的整周延伸的情况下。
凸条364A、364B优选地倾斜地设置成，越向径向内侧去越靠轴向下侧。这样便于防止水等的异物进入轴承，同时便于水等的异物离开轴承。
应当理解，在本申请中，可以将凸条364A、364B称为内侧凸条，而将设置于防溅板369的凸条368、367、366称为外侧凸条。内侧凸条的数量不限于图示的两条(两圈)，可以是一条、三条或更多条(一圈、三圈或更多圈)。外侧凸条的数量也不限于图示的三条(三圈)，可以是一条、两条、四条(一圈、两圈、四圈)等其它数目。
第四实施方式
图7以示意图的方式示出了根据本发明的第四实施方式的平面轴承的导向环的凸条的结构。
参照图7，防溅板469的上表面设置有大致沿着轴承的周向延伸的多组凸条。第一组凸条468A、467A和466A与第二组凸条468B、467B和466B在轴承的径向R上错开。这样，也可以有效地使水等的异物从防溅板469离开。
应当理解，第一组凸条468A、467A和466A的周向端部和第二组凸条468B、467B和466B的周向端部不限于图7所示的彼此对齐，而是可以彼此(在周向C上)分离或重叠。
图8A和图8B示出了根据本发明的平面轴承的导向环的局部结构示意图。该结构可以应用于第一至第四实施方式中的任一实施方式。
参照图8A和图8B，在防溅板969的轴向截面中，第一凸条968、第二凸条967和第三凸条966的横截面可以具有大致三角形。第一凸条968、第二凸条967和第三凸条966被构造成使得，从径向R上的外侧向内侧去，凸条966、967、968的顶部逐渐变高(参照箭头F)。这可以提高防水等的异物的效果，同时可以使越过凸条967、966的水等的异物容易在离心力的作用下离开防溅板969。
在防溅板969的轴向截面中，第一凸条968、第二凸条967和第三凸条966的位于径向外侧的壁与防溅板969的上表面所形成的内角968J、967J和966J优选地均大于或等于90度。另一方面，第一凸条968、第二凸条967和第三凸条966的位于径向内侧的壁优选地倾斜成：越向轴向上侧去越靠径向外侧。
应当理解，在防溅板969的轴向截面中，第一凸条968、第二凸条967和第三凸条966的横截面不限于三角形，而是可以为半圆形、半椭圆形、梯形等其它形状。这些结构对于凸条的轴向脱模十分有利。
效果
下面参照图9A和图9B说明根据本发明的平面轴承的导向环的凸条的技术效果。
如图9A示意性示出的，在现有技术中，水等的异物可能沿着虚线箭头所示的路径进入轴承中，到达轴承装置70(上座圈20、滚动体30、保持架40、下座圈50)。
在本发明中，如图9B所示，在导向环960的防溅板969上形成凸条，欲到达第一间隙G1的水等的异物撞击凸条之后可以被凸条阻挡，防止该异物经由第一间隙G1进入轴承内部。部分异物直接被凸条反弹后离开轴承，部分被凸条阻挡的异物可以在重力或离心力的作用下而后离开导向环960，例如经由上述异物排出部离开导向环960。
可以与防溅板969或者导向环960一起通过模塑来制得防溅板969上的凸条。与现有技术的设计相比，该导向环960的生产和轴承组装无需新的工装夹具，组装方式无需改变，容易实施，成本增加很少。
本发明的凸条是对迷宫密封结构的有效补充，特别是对于非接触式密封结构(参照例如图4)。
当然，本发明不限于上述实施方式，本领域技术人员在本发明的教导下可以对本发明的上述实施方式做出各种变型，而不脱离本发明的范围。
(1)在上述实施方式中，以推力球轴承为例说明了本发明的平面轴承，然而，推力轴承的滚动体不限于球，而是可以为滚针、圆柱滚子等的其它滚动体。
(2)可以想到，由于在轴承工作时，导向环是转动的，因此在防溅板的上表面上形成多个不连续的销状结构或山状结构也可以起到一定的防止异物进入轴承的作用。
(3)本发明的平面轴承不限于用于麦弗逊悬架系统，本发明的平面轴承还可以应用于其它需要防水、防尘、防异物的场合。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种平面轴承，其包括盖、导向环和设置于所述盖和所述导向环之间的轴承装置，所述导向环的外周部包括沿着所述平面轴承的径向和周向延伸的防溅板，在所述盖的外周部和所述防溅板之间形成有第一间隙，
    其中，所述防溅板包括从所述防溅板的上表面凸出设置的至少一个凸条，所述凸条在所述周向上连续或断续地延伸，所述凸条用于减小所述第一间隙的尺寸。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的平面轴承，其特征在于，所述防溅板包括用于排出越过至少一个凸条的异物的异物排出部。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的平面轴承，其特征在于，所述凸条包括大致在所述径向上贯穿所述凸条的至少一个缺口。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的平面轴承，其特征在于，所述防溅板包括多个凸条，在所述径向上相邻的凸条的缺口在所述周向上错开。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的平面轴承，其特征在于，所述防溅板包括在所述周向上断续延伸的多个凸条，在所述周向上相邻的凸条在所述径向上错开地布置。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的平面轴承，其特征在于，在所述防溅板的轴向截面中，所述凸条具有三角形、半圆形、半椭圆形或梯形横截面。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的平面轴承，其特征在于，所述凸条相对于所述平面轴承的轴向倾斜地延伸成：越向轴向上侧去越靠径向外侧。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的平面轴承，其特征在于，所述导向环包括用于与所述盖的钩部勾挂的钩部，所述导向环在其钩部的周向侧方或者轴向下方设置有至少一个内侧凸条，所述内侧凸条在所述周向上连续或断续地延伸，用于减小所述盖的内周部和所述导向环的内周部之间的第二间隙。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的平面轴承，其特征在于，所述内侧凸条相对于 所述平面轴承的轴向倾斜地延伸成：越向轴向下侧去越靠径向内侧。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的平面轴承，其特征在于，所述平面轴承为用于麦弗逊悬架系统的推力轴承，
    所述轴承装置包括：固定安装于所述盖的上座圈；固定安装于所述导向环的下座圈；以及位于所述上座圈和所述下座圈之间的多个滚动体。
PCT/CN2018/079644 2018-03-20 2018-03-20 平面轴承 WO2019178752A1 (zh)

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