WO2019163521A1 - パッチアンテナおよび車載用アンテナ装置 - Google Patents

パッチアンテナおよび車載用アンテナ装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019163521A1
WO2019163521A1 PCT/JP2019/004333 JP2019004333W WO2019163521A1 WO 2019163521 A1 WO2019163521 A1 WO 2019163521A1 JP 2019004333 W JP2019004333 W JP 2019004333W WO 2019163521 A1 WO2019163521 A1 WO 2019163521A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiating element
patch antenna
parasitic
vehicle
length
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2019/004333
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
威 山保
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yokowo Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Yokowo Co Ltd
Yokowo Mfg Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yokowo Co Ltd, Yokowo Mfg Co Ltd filed Critical Yokowo Co Ltd
Priority to CN201980014484.6A priority Critical patent/CN111788741B/zh
Priority to JP2020501656A priority patent/JP7231608B2/ja
Priority to EP19756804.1A priority patent/EP3758147B1/en
Priority to US16/971,690 priority patent/US11799208B2/en
Publication of WO2019163521A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019163521A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to JP2023022193A priority patent/JP7634032B2/ja
Priority to US18/241,250 priority patent/US12355156B2/en
Priority to JP2025019453A priority patent/JP2025065397A/ja
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
    • H01Q1/3258—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle using the gutter of the vehicle; Means for clamping a whip aerial on the edge of a part of the vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
    • H01Q1/3283—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle side-mounted antennas, e.g. bumper-mounted, door-mounted
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
    • H01Q1/3291—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted in or on other locations inside the vehicle or vehicle body
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/005—Patch antenna using one or more coplanar parasitic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
    • H01Q5/385—Two or more parasitic elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a patch antenna and a vehicle-mounted antenna device.
  • a patch antenna is known as a planar antenna having a rectangular or circular small-area radiation element.
  • the patch antenna is widely used, and Patent Document 1 discloses a patch antenna that can receive a circularly polarized signal of a satellite wave and a linearly polarized signal of a terrestrial wave and that can suppress the height of the patch antenna. Has been.
  • Conventional patch antennas generally have a configuration in which a plate-like ground plane is arranged in parallel with a plate-like radiating element, and is normal to the plate surface of the radiating element (at an elevation angle of 90 degrees viewed from the center of the radiating element).
  • the directivity of is strong. Therefore, the gain in the direction of high elevation is relatively high when viewed from the center of the radiating element, but the gain may be low in the direction of low elevation.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a patch antenna technique capable of improving the gain in the direction of a low elevation angle when viewed from the center of the radiating element.
  • the first aspect of the present invention is provided in a position spaced from the radiating element in a plan view of the radiating element viewed from a direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the radiating element and a plate-like radiating element. And a parasitic antenna.
  • the parasitic element is provided at a distance from the radiating element in a plan view of the radiating element viewed from a direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the radiating element. Since the radiation characteristics of the radio wave can be changed by the parasitic element, it is possible to realize a technique that can improve the gain in the direction of a low elevation angle when viewed from the center of the radiation element.
  • the parasitic element is provided in a direction along a line segment connecting a center of the radiating element and a feeding point in the plan view. It is a patch antenna which concerns on an aspect.
  • the length in the longitudinal direction is not less than 0.52 times the maximum length of the radiating element in the plan view. It is a patch antenna which concerns on an aspect.
  • the length in the longitudinal direction is not more than 0.89 times the maximum length of the radiating element in the plan view.
  • a fifth aspect of the present invention is the patch antenna according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the parasitic element is provided on the same surface as the surface of the dielectric provided with the radiating element. .
  • a patch antenna that exhibits the operational effects according to any one of the first to fourth aspects by providing a parasitic element on the same surface as the surface of the dielectric provided with the radiating element. Easy to manufacture.
  • a sixth aspect of the present invention is the patch antenna according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the interval is 0.51 times or less the maximum length of the radiating element in the plan view. is there.
  • the difference between the height Hp of the upper surface of the parasitic element and the height Hr of the upper surface of the radiating element is the maximum length ⁇ of the radiating element in the plan view.
  • the patch antenna according to any one of the first to sixth aspects is 0 ⁇ Hp ⁇ Hr ⁇ ⁇ 0.05.
  • a mode suitable for improving the gain in the direction of the low elevation angle when viewed from the center of the radiating element can be obtained.
  • the eighth aspect of the present invention is the patch antenna according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the parasitic elements are provided in pairs on both sides of the radiating element.
  • the pair of parasitic elements includes a first parasitic element, a second parasitic element having a longer length in the longitudinal direction than the first parasitic element, and It is a patch antenna which concerns on an 8th aspect.
  • the pair of parasitic elements is provided on both sides of the radiation element.
  • the maximum radiation direction of the radiation element is a direction along the direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the radiation element.
  • the pair of parasitic elements includes the first parasitic element and the second parasitic element having a longer length in the longitudinal direction than the first parasitic element.
  • an in-vehicle antenna device including the patch antenna according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, and a housing installed in a predetermined direction at a predetermined position of the vehicle;
  • a vehicle-mounted antenna device comprising: a support portion that supports the patch antenna so that the patch antenna is for vertical polarization when the casing is installed at the predetermined position in the predetermined direction.
  • the tenth aspect it is possible to realize a vertically polarized vehicle-mounted antenna device with improved gain in the direction of a low elevation angle when viewed from the center of the radiating element.
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the in-vehicle antenna device taken along the line III-III in FIG.
  • the direction is defined as follows. First, in the patch antenna 20 having a structure in which a radiating element 31 and a ground plane 33 (also referred to as a ground conductor plate) are stacked with a dielectric substrate 32 interposed therebetween (see FIG. 3), the direction from the dielectric substrate 32 toward the radiating element 31 Is referred to as "radial direction".
  • the radiation direction is a direction in which the direction is determined, not both the direction from the dielectric substrate 32 toward the radiation element 31 and the direction from the radiation element 31 toward the dielectric substrate 32.
  • left-handed orthogonal three axes are defined. The coordinate origin of the three orthogonal axes is the center of the plate surface of the radiating element 31.
  • the three orthogonal axes of the left-handed system is the Z-axis direction, and the direction of the radiating direction is the positive Z-axis direction.
  • the direction along the direction of a line segment connecting the center of the radiating element 31 and a feeding point (also referred to as a core wire attachment hole) 31h is defined as the X-axis direction (see FIG. 2), and the feeding point 31h extends from the center of the radiating element 31.
  • the direction to go is the X axis positive direction.
  • the Y-axis direction and the Y-axis positive direction are self-evident when the left-handed three orthogonal axes are defined, and the X-axis positive direction and the Z-axis positive direction are defined.
  • the direction of elevation angle 90 degrees when the direction (plate surface direction) along the plate surface of the radiating element 31 is the azimuth direction when viewed from the center of the radiating element 31 (orthogonal three-axis origin).
  • the Z-axis positive direction, the direction from the center of the radiating element 31 toward the feeding point 31h is the X-axis positive direction, and when the X-axis positive direction is the 12 o'clock direction, the 3 o'clock direction is the Y-axis positive direction.
  • the plate surface direction of the radiating element 31 may be referred to as an Azimuth direction, an azimuth angle direction, or the like.
  • the X-axis direction means a direction parallel to the X-axis and includes ⁇ both directions of the X-axis positive direction and the X-axis negative direction.
  • the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction respectively, each axial direction becomes the reference direction shown in each figure.
  • the E plane which is the electric field surface of the radiating element 31, and the H plane, which is the magnetic field plane, have an X-axis direction and a Z-axis direction as viewed from the center of the radiating element 31 (orthogonal three-axis origin).
  • the XZ direction plane including the E plane, the Y axis direction and the YZ direction plane including the Z axis direction is the H plane.
  • a plane including a direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the radiating element 31 and a direction of a line connecting the center of the radiating element 31 and the feeding point 31h is the E plane.
  • a plane that is a vertical plane and includes a direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the radiating element 31 is an H plane.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective external view showing a configuration example of the in-vehicle antenna device 10 of the present embodiment and a conceptual diagram showing an example of use.
  • the vehicle-mounted antenna device 10 is a vehicle-mounted antenna for 5.9 GHz V2X (Vehicle-to-everything; vehicle-to-vehicle, road-to-vehicle, etc.) communication that includes a patch antenna, and is installed at a predetermined position on the vehicle 3 in a predetermined direction. Then, it is connected to the V2X controller 5 through the coaxial cable 4.
  • V2X Vehicle-to-everything; vehicle-to-vehicle, road-to-vehicle, etc.
  • the in-vehicle antenna device 10 faces the front windshield upper part (for example, the vicinity of the rearview mirror) of the vehicle in the front direction in which the radial direction (Z-axis positive direction) is the forward direction of the vehicle 3, and the Y-axis positive direction is the forward direction of the vehicle 3. It is installed so that the Y-axis negative direction is directed leftward in the forward direction of the vehicle 3.
  • the installation position and the number of installations of the in-vehicle antenna device 10 can be changed as appropriate according to the assumed environmental conditions such as a communication target. For example, you may install in multiple places.
  • the installation location may be, for example, the upper part of the dashboard, a bumper or a license plate attachment part, a pillar part such as an A pillar, or the like.
  • the radial direction may be set on the rear glass in the vehicle so as to face the rear of the vehicle 3.
  • the rear means the backward direction of the vehicle 3.
  • the radiation direction may be set so as to face the right side or the left side of the vehicle 3.
  • the right side means the right side in the forward direction of the vehicle 3
  • the left side means the left side in the forward direction of the vehicle 3.
  • it when it has the structure where the performance conditions of waterproof and dustproof are ensured, it can also be installed on the roof of the vehicle 3.
  • the in-vehicle antenna device 10 of the present embodiment has a rectangular parallelepiped appearance, and incorporates a patch antenna 20 in a case of a divided structure of a first housing 11 and a second housing 12 that are divided in a radial direction. To do.
  • the patch antenna 20 functions suitably as a vertically polarized antenna.
  • the support portion 13 is a boss for inserting a bolt or a screw used for installing the vehicle-mounted antenna device 10, and the left and right side surfaces (both side surfaces in the Y-axis direction) of the housing as viewed from the vehicle 3.
  • the setting position and the setting number of the support portion 13 can be appropriately selected.
  • the method for installing and fixing the vehicle-mounted antenna device 10 is not limited to a method using bolts or screws, and other methods may be used, and accordingly, the support portion 13 also adopts a structure suitable for the method such as a clip structure. be able to.
  • the support unit 13 supports the first casing 11 and the second casing 12 such that the first casing 11 and the second casing 12 are installed at predetermined positions on the vehicle 3 in a predetermined direction. Since the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are installed at predetermined positions on the vehicle 3 in a predetermined direction, the support unit 13 is provided with the patch antenna 20 so that the patch antenna 20 functions as an antenna for vertical polarization. It becomes the appearance that supports.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an internal configuration example of the vehicle-mounted antenna device 10, in which the first housing 11 is removed and the inside of the second housing 12 is viewed from the positive direction of the Z axis. is there.
  • FIG. 3 is also a diagram for explaining an internal configuration example of the vehicle-mounted antenna device 10, and shows the vehicle-mounted antenna device 10 including the first housing 11 along the section III-III in FIG. 2. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view longitudinally cut.
  • the first housing 11 defines an upper housing space 11a that is a recess
  • the second housing 12 defines a lower housing space 12a that is a recess.
  • the upper housing space 11a and the lower housing space 12a become one continuous housing space by assembling the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 together.
  • the patch antenna 20 is installed so as to be mainly accommodated in the lower accommodation space 12a in the accommodation space.
  • the patch antenna 20 includes an antenna main body 30 and a pair of parasitic elements 40 (40-1, 40-2).
  • the antenna body 30 has, for example, a rectangular shape when viewed from the positive direction of the Z-axis, and includes a radiating element 31, a dielectric substrate 32, and a ground plane 33 in order from the top in FIG.
  • the antenna main body 30 can be created by applying a method for manufacturing a printed circuit board, similarly to a conventional patch antenna.
  • the radiating element 31 has a rectangular plate shape when viewed from the Z-axis positive direction, and is offset from the center of the plate surface in the X-axis positive direction (the direction along the polarization plane of the linearly polarized wave of the patch antenna 20) (
  • the core wire attachment hole 31h which is a through-hole in the Z-axis direction for inserting and fixing the core wire 41 of the coaxial cable 4 is provided at a shifted position).
  • This core wire attachment hole 31h serves as a feeding point. Accordingly, the feeding point 31h is described as appropriate using the same reference numerals.
  • the radiating element 31 is designed to have a square shape when viewed from the positive direction of the Z axis, and the length of one side is 13.5 mm.
  • the thickness of the radiating element 31 and the ground plane 33 is intentionally drawn large in order to facilitate understanding of the structure, but in reality, it can be formed as a thin plate-like thin film. .
  • the dielectric substrate 32 has a larger area than the radiating element 31 when viewed from the positive Z-axis direction.
  • a core wire insertion hole (not shown) penetrating in the Z-axis direction is provided at a position communicating with the core wire mounting hole 31h of the radiating element 31 during assembly.
  • the ground plane 33 has the same shape as or slightly smaller than the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 32, and a core wire insertion hole (not shown) that communicates with the core wire mounting hole 31h of the radiating element 31 and the core wire insertion hole of the dielectric substrate 32 during assembly.
  • the board coaxial connector 22 is attached to the lower surface of the base plate 33 through an insertion hole (not shown) provided at the bottom of the second housing 12 so as to be coaxial with the core wire insertion hole of the base plate 33.
  • the pair of parasitic elements 40 (40-1, 40-2) is composed of a rod-shaped plate-like conductor (metal plate) as viewed from the positive direction of the Z axis, and is perpendicular to the plate surface of the radiating element 31 in the Z axis direction.
  • a predetermined interval b from the end of the radiating element 31 is provided on both sides of the radiating element 31 in a plan view when the radiating element 31 is viewed from any direction (a plan view when the radiating element 31 is viewed from the positive Z-axis direction).
  • the parasitic element 40 functions as if it is a part of the radiating element 31, and the frequency obtained by the patch antenna 20 may change. is there.
  • the pair of parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 includes, for example, the center of the radiating element 31 and the feeding point at the peripheral edge of the top surface of the dielectric substrate 32 when each longitudinal direction is viewed from the positive direction of the Z axis. It is arranged in a direction along the direction of the line segment connecting to 31h (X-axis direction) with the parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 sandwiching the line segment.
  • the parasitic element 40-1 on one of the pair of parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 (for example, the lower side in FIG. 2, the Y-axis negative direction side) is appropriately replaced with the first parasitic element 40.
  • -1 and the other parasitic element 40-2 (upper side in FIG. 2, Y axis positive direction side) is also referred to as a second parasitic element 40-2 as appropriate.
  • the antenna body 30 is fixed to the bottom of the second housing 12. More specifically, a protrusion 12 t that protrudes in the positive direction of the Z-axis is provided at the bottom of the second housing 12. The lower surface (end surface on the Z-axis negative direction side) of the ground plate 33 is brought into contact with the tip of the protrusion 12t, and the antenna body 30 and the protrusion 12t are fixed.
  • the fixing method can be selected as appropriate.
  • the base plate 33 and the protruding portion 12t may be bonded.
  • casing 12 and the antenna main-body part 30 (base plate 33) may be an air layer (space), and is good also as a resin layer which is an electrically insulating material. If the resin layer is used, a resin can be used as a space replenisher and a bonding agent.
  • the maximum diagonal length of the radiating element 31 viewed from the positive direction of the Z-axis is referred to as “radiating element maximum length”, and the radiating element maximum length is expressed as “ ⁇ ” as shown in FIG. To do.
  • the radiating element 31 since the radiating element 31 has a square shape with one side of 13.5 mm, the radiating element maximum length ⁇ is 19.1 mm.
  • the conductor lengths of the parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 (referred to as the longitudinal lengths of the parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2), the radiating element 31 and the parasitic elements 40-1,
  • the interval b between the first and second elements 40-2 is expressed as a magnification with respect to the radiating element maximum length ⁇ , and the actual length is added in parentheses immediately after that.
  • the conductor length is expressed as 0.86 ⁇ (about 16.5 mm)
  • the length is 0.86 times the radiating element maximum length ⁇ of 19.1 mm.
  • about 16.5 mm in parentheses is the actual length.
  • FIG. 4 is a gain characteristic graph on the H plane (YZ direction plane), showing the antenna gain with the Y axis positive direction on the H plane being 0 degrees and the Y axis negative direction being 180 degrees.
  • 90 degrees is the positive direction of the Z axis, and corresponds to the direction of the elevation angle of 90 degrees viewed from the center of the radiating element 31.
  • the solid line is configured such that the parasitic element 40-1, 40-2 has a conductor length of 0.86 ⁇ (about 16.5 mm) and a distance b of 0.25 ⁇ (about 4.75 mm).
  • the antenna gain characteristics of the patch antenna 20 are shown.
  • the broken line indicates the antenna gain characteristic of the comparative configuration corresponding to the conventional technique in which the pair of parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 is omitted.
  • FIG. 5 shows a low elevation angle of the H plane when the conductor lengths of the pair of parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 are changed (the Y axis positive direction on the H plane is 0 degree, and the Y axis negative direction).
  • the characteristic graph is shown by changing the line type.
  • FIG. 6 is a table in which the relative values of the half-value angles on the H plane when the distance b between the pair of parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 is 4.75 mm and the conductor length is changed are tabulated.
  • the uppermost conductor length “none” corresponds to a comparative configuration in which the pair of parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 is omitted, and the half-value angle of this comparative configuration is “1. Relative value (half-value angle relative value) when "000" is shown.
  • the conductor lengths of the parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 are increased, the minimum gain value in the direction of the low elevation angle also increases.
  • the conductor length reaches a peak in the vicinity of 0.89 ⁇ (about 17.0 mm) and exceeds this, the minimum value of the gain tends to decrease.
  • the conductor length increases accordingly. Therefore, in consideration of the influence on the miniaturization of the patch antenna 20 (which is also the miniaturization of the in-vehicle antenna device 10), the conductor length is 0.89 ⁇ which is 0.89 times or less of the radiating element maximum length ⁇ . (About 17.0 mm) or less is desirable.
  • the half-value angle can be increased by 1.2% with respect to the comparative configuration. If present, the half-value angle can be further improved.
  • the conductor length that can increase the half-value angle by 1% or more with respect to the comparative configuration is 0.52 ⁇ (about 9.99 mm), which is 0.52 times or more of the radiating element maximum length ⁇ , with a margin. It is desirable that there be more.
  • the distance b in FIG. 5 When attention is paid to the distance b in FIG. 5, the distance b is increased in the order of 0.25 ⁇ (about 4.75 mm), 0.38 ⁇ (about 7.25 mm), and 0.51 ⁇ (about 9.75 mm).
  • the minimum value of the gain in the direction of the low elevation angle also increases as a whole.
  • the interval b with respect to the gain when the interval b is 0.25 ⁇ (about 4.75 mm) is 0.38 ⁇ (about 7.25 mm).
  • the interval b is 0.51 ⁇ (about 9.75 mm) which is 0.51 times or less of the radiating element maximum length ⁇ . The following is desirable.
  • the patch antenna 20 can improve the gain in the direction of the low elevation angle when viewed from the center of the radiating element 31.
  • the form to which the present invention can be applied is not limited to the above form, and components can be added, omitted, or changed as appropriate.
  • FIG. 7A is a table showing the maximum radiation direction on the H plane when the conductor length d of the second parasitic element 40-2 is fixed and the conductor length c of the first parasitic element 40-1 is changed.
  • FIG. 7B shows the internal configuration of the in-vehicle antenna device 10 corresponding to FIG. 2 in order to show the conductor length c of the first parasitic element 40-1 and the conductor length d of the second parasitic element 40-2. It is the figure which showed the example.
  • the uppermost configuration in which the conductor length c is “none” corresponds to a configuration in which only the second parasitic element 40-2 is disposed and the first parasitic element 40-1 is not disposed.
  • the maximum radiation direction is an azimuth in the H plane which is a YZ direction plane in which the Z-axis positive direction corresponding to the 90-degree elevation direction viewed from the center of the radiation element 31 is 0 degrees and the Y-axis positive direction is 90 degrees. Indicates a corner.
  • the maximum radiation direction changes. Specifically, when the conductor length d is fixed and the conductor length c is gradually increased from 6 mm, the azimuth angle in the maximum radiation direction gradually approaches 0 degrees. Although not shown, when the conductor length c is increased to the same length as the conductor length d, the azimuth angle in the maximum radiation direction becomes 0 degree. Therefore, the maximum radiation direction can be altered by configuring the patch antenna 20 by changing the respective conductor lengths c and d.
  • One of the causes that requires modification is the installation environment of the vehicle-mounted antenna device 10.
  • the wiring direction of the coaxial cable may be restricted due to the layout in the vehicle.
  • the configuration is not limited to the configuration in which the coaxial cable 4 is inserted perpendicularly to the plate surface of the radiating element 31 as shown in FIG.
  • a coaxial cable 4a is wired in parallel with the plate surface by adopting a connector having a structure along the surface. And this wiring direction may influence the radiation characteristic of a radio wave, and the case where the maximum radiation direction shifted
  • the lengths of the conductors of the parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 are set as appropriate, so that the vehicle-mounted antenna device 10 When installed in the vehicle 3, it is possible to modify the maximum radiation direction so as to face a desired radiation direction. Further, even when a desired radiation direction is deviated from the front of the vehicle, such as an antenna for ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System), the parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 are arranged according to the radiation direction. The same application is possible by changing the length of each conductor.
  • the conductor length of at least one of the parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 may be 0.89 ⁇ (about 17.0 mm) or less, which is 0.89 times or less of the radiating element maximum length ⁇ . It is more preferable that both satisfy this condition. Furthermore, the distance b between at least one of the parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 may be 0.51 ⁇ (about 9.75 mm) or less which is 0.51 times or less of the radiating element maximum length ⁇ . It is more preferable that both satisfy this condition.
  • the parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 are arranged on the dielectric substrate so that the upper surfaces of the pair of parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 are flush with the upper surface of the radiating element 31.
  • the example provided in the upper surface peripheral part of 32 was shown.
  • a pair of parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 may be provided such that the height of the upper surface is different from the height of the upper surface of the radiating element 31.
  • FIG. 9 shows an example in which the height of the upper surface of each of the parasitic elements 40a-1 and 40a-2 is higher than the height of the upper surface of the radiating element 31.
  • the upper surface height difference h is represented by Hp ⁇ Hr, where Hp is the height of the upper surface of each of the parasitic elements 40a-1 and 40a-2, and Hr is the height of the upper surface of the radiation element 31. Hp and Hr are heights based on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 32.
  • FIG. 10 is a gain characteristic graph at an azimuth angle in the H plane (YZ direction plane) in which the Y-axis positive direction is 0 degree and the Y-axis negative direction is 180 degrees, and the upper surface height difference h is changed.
  • the gain characteristic graph is shown by changing the line type.
  • the conductor lengths c and d of the parasitic elements 40a-1 and 40a-2 are 0.86 ⁇ (about 16.5 mm), and the interval b is 0.25 ⁇ (about 4.75 mm).
  • the average gain in the azimuth range of ⁇ 180 degrees was obtained and compared.
  • the difference between the height Hp of the upper surface of each parasitic element 40a-1 and 40a-2 and the height Hr of the upper surface of the radiation element 31 is preferably 0 mm ⁇ Hp ⁇ Hr.
  • the difference between the height Hp of the upper surface of each parasitic element 40a-1 and 40a-2 and the height Hr of the upper surface of the radiating element 31 is preferably Hp ⁇ Hr ⁇ 0.05 ⁇ . From the above, 0 mm ⁇ Hp ⁇ Hr ⁇ 0.05 ⁇ is desirable.
  • the height Hp of the upper surface of at least one of the pair of parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 may be 0 mm ⁇ Hp ⁇ Hr ⁇ 0.05 ⁇ . It is more preferable that both satisfy this condition.
  • the outer shape of the antenna body 30 viewed from the positive Z-axis direction is not limited to the rectangular shape illustrated in FIG. 2, but may be a circular shape or the like.
  • the outer shape of the radiating element 31 viewed from the positive direction of the Z-axis is not limited to the rectangular shape illustrated in FIG. 2 but may be a circular shape or the like. Since the radiating element maximum length ⁇ is the maximum length of the diagonal line of the radiating element 31 viewed from the positive direction of the Z-axis, when the outer diameter of the radiating element 31 viewed from the positive direction of the Z-axis is circular, the radiating element maximum The length ⁇ is the maximum length of the diameter of the radiating element 31.
  • the direction of the line segment connecting the center of the radiating element 31 and the feeding point 31h when viewed from the positive direction of the Z-axis is the longitudinal direction of one of the pair of parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2. It may be arranged along. It is more preferable that both satisfy this condition.
  • the pair of parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 is formed in an elongated thin plate shape and provided on the peripheral edge of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 32 .
  • the pair of parasitic elements 40b-1 and 40b-2 is provided as a flat plate portion or a thin film portion parallel to or substantially parallel to each other outside the periphery of the radiating element 31. It is good. For example, it is good also as arrange
  • the pair of parasitic elements 40b-1 and 40b-2 in this modification have a rectangular plate shape or thin film shape, sandwich a line segment connecting the center of the radiating element 31 and the feeding point 31h, and an antenna.
  • the longitudinal direction is arranged along the X-axis direction (the direction of the line segment connecting the center of the radiating element 31 and the feeding point 31h).
  • the patch antenna 20 including the pair of parasitic elements 40 (40-1 and 40-2) is illustrated, but a configuration including one parasitic element may be used.
  • a configuration including any one of the parasitic elements 40-1 and 40-2 may be employed.
  • the shape of the parasitic element viewed from the positive Z-axis direction is not limited to the rod shape (strictly speaking, a rectangular shape) illustrated in the above embodiment, but the length in the short direction viewed from the positive Z-axis direction. It may be a quadrangular shape such as a rectangle with a larger diameter, a polygonal shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or the like.
  • the present embodiment and each modification it is possible to improve the gain in the direction of the low elevation angle when viewed from the center of the radiating element.
  • a material of the dielectric substrate 32 an inexpensive material such as glass can be used in addition to a commonly used ceramic.
  • the dielectric substrate 32 is specified as a glass epoxy resin substrate specified as symbol FR-4 by the American Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), a paper phenol substrate specified as symbol XPC, and specified as symbol FR-3.
  • NEMA American Electrical Manufacturers Association
  • a paper epoxy substrate, a glass composite substrate, a glass polyimide substrate, a fluorine (ceramic) substrate, a glass PPO substrate, or the like specified as the symbol CEM-3 can be used.
  • a suitable patch antenna can be obtained by appropriately selecting these materials according to the required cost and performance.
  • the shape of the radiating element is not only a polygon such as a quadrangle, but also a shape with a polygonal corner cut out, a circle, an ellipse A shape such as can be adopted.
  • SYMBOLS 10 Vehicle-mounted antenna apparatus 11 ... 1st housing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
PCT/JP2019/004333 2018-02-23 2019-02-07 パッチアンテナおよび車載用アンテナ装置 Ceased WO2019163521A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201980014484.6A CN111788741B (zh) 2018-02-23 2019-02-07 贴片天线以及车载用天线装置
JP2020501656A JP7231608B2 (ja) 2018-02-23 2019-02-07 パッチアンテナおよび車載用アンテナ装置
EP19756804.1A EP3758147B1 (en) 2018-02-23 2019-02-07 Patch antenna and vehicle-mounted antenna device
US16/971,690 US11799208B2 (en) 2018-02-23 2019-02-07 Patch antenna and antenna device for vehicle
JP2023022193A JP7634032B2 (ja) 2018-02-23 2023-02-16 アンテナ装置
US18/241,250 US12355156B2 (en) 2018-02-23 2023-09-01 Patch antenna and antenna device for vehicle
JP2025019453A JP2025065397A (ja) 2018-02-23 2025-02-07 アンテナ装置

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JP2018-030681 2018-02-23
JP2018030681 2018-02-23

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US16/971,690 A-371-Of-International US11799208B2 (en) 2018-02-23 2019-02-07 Patch antenna and antenna device for vehicle
US18/241,250 Continuation US12355156B2 (en) 2018-02-23 2023-09-01 Patch antenna and antenna device for vehicle

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WO2019163521A1 true WO2019163521A1 (ja) 2019-08-29

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JPWO2019208453A1 (ja) * 2018-04-24 2021-05-13 Ａｇｃ株式会社 車両用アンテナ、車両用アンテナ付き窓ガラス及びアンテナシステム
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WO2022065489A1 (ja) 2020-09-28 2022-03-31 株式会社ヨコオ パッチアンテナ
CN114503363A (zh) * 2019-10-02 2022-05-13 松下知识产权经营株式会社 天线装置及车辆
JPWO2023127765A1 (https=) * 2021-12-28 2023-07-06
DE112022005774T5 (de) 2021-12-03 2024-10-17 AGC Inc. Antennengerät und fahrzeugantennengerät

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DE112022005774T5 (de) 2021-12-03 2024-10-17 AGC Inc. Antennengerät und fahrzeugantennengerät
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EP3758147A1 (en) 2020-12-30
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EP3758147B1 (en) 2024-06-12
US12355156B2 (en) 2025-07-08
CN111788741A (zh) 2020-10-16
CN111788741B (zh) 2024-04-16
US11799208B2 (en) 2023-10-24
EP3758147A4 (en) 2021-11-24
JP2023053368A (ja) 2023-04-12
US20210091480A1 (en) 2021-03-25
JPWO2019163521A1 (ja) 2021-02-04
US20230411865A1 (en) 2023-12-21

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