WO2019105031A1 - 一种烯烃环氧化催化剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种烯烃环氧化催化剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019105031A1 WO2019105031A1 PCT/CN2018/093611 CN2018093611W WO2019105031A1 WO 2019105031 A1 WO2019105031 A1 WO 2019105031A1 CN 2018093611 W CN2018093611 W CN 2018093611W WO 2019105031 A1 WO2019105031 A1 WO 2019105031A1
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- Prior art keywords
- titanium
- catalyst
- composite oxide
- olefin
- epoxidation catalyst
- Prior art date
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/615—100-500 m2/g
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
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- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
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- C07D301/00—Preparation of oxiranes
- C07D301/02—Synthesis of the oxirane ring
- C07D301/03—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds
- C07D301/19—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with organic hydroperoxides
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- C07D303/00—Compounds containing three-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
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- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/32—Reaction with silicon compounds, e.g. TEOS, siliconfluoride
Definitions
- the invention relates to a preparation method of an olefin epoxidation catalyst, in particular to a preparation method of a titanium silicon composite oxide catalyst.
- the invention also relates to an olefin epoxidation catalyst prepared by the preparation process and to the use thereof in the epoxidation of olefins.
- epoxy compounds are a common class of intermediate materials for the synthesis of these chemicals. Demand.
- the conventional production process for synthesizing epoxy compounds is generally a chlorohydrin method or a co-oxidation method, but such methods have disadvantages such as heavy pollution, large apparatus corrosion, high by-products, and high cost.
- the core of the development of olefin epoxidation green production process is to develop a catalyst which has high activity and epoxidation selectivity, good stability, can be applied to different olefin reactant systems, and the preparation method is easy to realize.
- olefin epoxidation green production process In the 1980s, research on heterogeneous olefin epoxidation catalysts began at home and abroad. Titanium-silicon molecular sieves have good catalytic activity for selective oxidation of olefins and are a representative catalyst.
- the patent application CN1250775A, CN1248579A discloses a process for producing propylene oxide by epoxidation of propylene with ethylbenzene hydroperoxide as oxidant and Ti-MCM-41 molecular sieve as a catalyst;
- U.S. Patent Application No. 5,783,167 discloses hydrothermal synthesis of titanium.
- a method for preparing mesoporous material Ti-MCM-41, and a process for preparing propylene oxide using cumene hydroperoxide as an oxidant and Ti-MCM-41 molecular sieve as a catalyst is disclosed in Japanese Patent No.
- the conventional microporous titanium-silicon molecular sieves have too low pore size, and the epoxidation activity of macromolecular olefins for C 6 or higher is low, which limits their application in olefin epoxidation;
- Ti -Mesoporous molecular sieve materials such as MCM-41 and Ti-SBA-15 can be used for epoxidation of macromolecular olefins and EBHP or CHP as oxidants, but such catalysts are difficult to synthesize, the templating agent used is not easy to prepare and the price
- the expensive features make it costly and limit the industrial application; the titanium-silicon catalyst prepared by vapor deposition or liquid phase impregnation with SiO 2 as the carrier, due to the presence of acidic free TiO 2 on the surface, and the active center loading of titanium Lower, resulting in lower catalyst selectivity and reactivity.
- the present invention provides a preparation method of an olefin epoxidation catalyst, comprising the following steps:
- the dilute acid may be HNO 3 , formic acid, acetic acid, etc. at a concentration of 2-10% by weight;
- the titanium-silicon composite oxide is impregnated with an alcohol solution of an organic alkali metal salt, and dried and calcined in an air atmosphere to obtain an alkali metal-modified titanium-silicon composite oxide;
- the titanium-silicon composite oxide obtained in the step (2) or the alkali-modified titanium obtained in the step (3) using an organosilylating agent using N 2 as a carrier gas is subjected to gas phase silanization treatment;
- the olefin epoxidation catalyst of the present invention is obtained.
- the surfactant is added for the purpose of better mixing the titanium ester and the silicon ester solution as a dispersing agent and a pore forming agent in the synthesis process, and at the same time, the titanium silicon composite oxide is formed into a certain amount.
- the reaming treatment can increase the pore diameter of the gel, and the pore size can be modulated by controlling the treatment temperature and time.
- the constant temperature can be achieved, for example, by using a constant temperature water hot kettle;
- the hydroxyl group of alkali metal ions and the surface of the carrier free form TiO 2 acts dissociation, alkali metal ions and the carrier surface ion dissociation + Exchange, to achieve the effect of weakening the acidity of the surface of the carrier;
- the gas phase silylation treatment can be carried out in any reactor known in the art, preferably in a tube furnace.
- the molar ratio of the silicon ester to the titanium ester is 10 to 60: 1, and the surfactant is added in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight based on the total weight of the silicon ester and the titanium ester;
- the mass ratio of the organic amine or liquid ammonia to the gel is 1:5 to 1:10, and the treatment time of the reaming treatment is 3 to 12 hours, thereby obtaining an average pore diameter.
- It is an amorphous titanium-silicon composite oxide of 5 to 20 nm.
- the concentration of the alcohol solution of the organic alkali metal salt is 2 to 5 wt%; the mass ratio of the alcohol solution of the organic alkali metal salt to the titanium silicon composite oxide 5:1 ⁇ 10:1; the temperature of the immersion is 40-80 ° C, preferably 50-70 ° C, the immersion time is 1 ⁇ 5h, preferably 2 ⁇ 4h;
- the weight ratio of the organosilylating agent to the titanium-silicon composite oxide or the alkali metal-modified titanium-silicon composite oxide of the step (3) is 0.01 ⁇ 0.2;
- the gas phase silanization treatment temperature is 200-400 ° C, and the treatment time is 2-6 h.
- the silicon ester is selected from one or more of tetraethyl silicate, tetraethyl orthosilicate and n-butyl silicate; the concentration of the solution of the silicon ester is 30 to 60% by weight, and the solvent may be Suitable solvents known in the art, preferably ethanol or isopropanol, are capable of inhibiting the hydrolysis of the silicone ester while allowing the added surfactant to be better dispersed within the system;
- the titanium ester is selected from one or more of tetraethyl titanate, tetrapropyl titanate, tetrabutyl titanate, tetraisopropyl titanate, etc.; the concentration of the titanium ester solution is 10 ⁇ 30% by weight, the solvent is n-butanol or isopropanol;
- the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide), P-123 (triblock copolymer), sodium dodecylsulfonate, polyacrylamide, polyethylene glycol, and One or more of polypropylene glycol;
- the dilute acid is selected from the group consisting of nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and acetic acid.
- a surfactant is first added to the silyl ester solution and uniformly mixed, and then, at a stirring tank speed.
- the titanium ester solution is slowly added to the silicon ester solution under the conditions of 3000 to 5000 r/min, so that the titanium ester solution is rapidly dispersed uniformly in the system to ensure the uniformity of the gel.
- the aging temperature is 40 to 120 ° C, and the aging time is 2 to 8 h.
- the organic amine is selected from the group consisting of ethylamine, ethylenediamine, propylamine and n-butylamine. One or more.
- the drying temperature is 80 to 160 ° C
- the drying time is 3 to 6 hours
- the baking temperature is 400. ⁇ 600 ° C, preferably 450 to 550 ° C, and the baking time is 3 to 6 hours.
- the organic alkali metal salt is selected from the group consisting of sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, potassium ethoxide, and tert-butanol.
- the alcohol as a solvent in the alcohol solution of the organic alkali metal salt is one or more of methanol, ethanol, and t-butanol.
- the drying temperature is 80 to 160 ° C, and the drying time is 3 to 6 hours;
- the calcination temperature is 300 to 500 ° C, and the calcination time is 3 to 6 hours.
- the organosilanating agent is selected from the group consisting of hexamethyldisilazane and hexamethyl chloride.
- an olefin epoxidation catalyst which is an amorphous titanium-silicon composite oxide in which a molar ratio of SiO 2 and TiO 2 is 10 to 60:1 in stoichiometric amount.
- an alkali metal element and/or a silane group each having a mass percentage of 1 to 10%; and the titanium silicon composite oxide having an average pore diameter of 5 to 20 nm and a specific surface area of 200 to 600 m 2 / g is preferably 300 to 450 m 2 /g.
- the olefin epoxidation catalyst of the present invention is prepared by the above-described method for preparing an olefin epoxidation catalyst.
- the catalyst of the invention can be evaluated in performance on a reaction kettle or a fixed bed reactor.
- the fixed bed evaluation process conditions are: the olefin feed mass space velocity is 2-8 h -1 , and the molar ratio of olefin to peroxide is 2.
- the concentration of the peroxide solution is 20-40% by weight
- the reaction pressure is 0-4 MPa
- the reaction temperature is 60-120 ° C
- the evaluation process of the reactor is: the molar ratio of olefin to peroxide is 2 ⁇ 20, preferably 4 to 8, the concentration of the catalyst in the reaction liquid is 0.5 wt% to 5 wt%, the reaction time is 1 to 4 h, the reaction pressure is 0 to 4 MPa, and the reaction temperature is 60 to 120 °C.
- the olefin is preferably a straight-chain or C 3 ⁇ C 16 isomers of olefins, aromatic olefins or cycloalkenyl C 6 ⁇ C 16 of
- the oxidizing agent is preferably an organic peroxide such as TBHP (tert-butyl hydroperoxide), EBHP (ethylbenzene hydroperoxide) or CHP (cumyl hydroperoxide), and the epoxidation reaction is preferably an olefin and an organic peroxide. Liquid phase epoxidation.
- the present invention provides a method for preparing an olefin epoxidation catalyst which has a pore size tunable by adjusting an organic amine or liquid ammonia treatment, and the obtained catalyst is an amorphous titanium-silicon composite oxide having an average pore size range. It is 5-20 nm, which is larger than the average pore diameter of conventional microporous and mesoporous titanium silicalites (the pore diameters of microporous and mesoporous molecular sieves are generally 0.5-0.8 nm and 1-2 nm, respectively), which can make olefin molecules with different kinetic diameters.
- the organic peroxide such as TBHP, EBHP or CHP is in sufficient contact with the Ti active center in the channel, so that the catalyst has high reactivity.
- the titanium-silicon composite oxide prepared by the above-mentioned preparation is preferably modified by using an alcohol solution of an organic alkali metal salt, and water is not used as a solvent during the treatment, thereby avoiding hydrolysis of the skeleton titanium to form a free TiO 2 ; and further preferably, a gas silylation treatment is carried out using an organosilylating agent.
- the above two treatment means effectively reduce the surface acidity of the catalyst, thereby reducing the ability of the catalyst to promote peroxide decomposition and olefin polymerization, thereby improving the epoxidation selectivity and carbon deposition resistance of the catalyst.
- the catalyst of the present invention can catalyze the epoxidation of C 3 -C 16 linear or isomeric ⁇ -olefins, C 6 -C by organic peroxides such as TBHP, EBHP or CHP under mild reaction conditions.
- organic peroxides such as TBHP, EBHP or CHP under mild reaction conditions.
- the catalyst raw material of the invention has low cost, simple preparation process and easy expansion of production.
- Example 1 is an XRD spectrum of a catalyst prepared in Example 1.
- thermogravimetric DSC scanning calorimetry
- the hydrothermal reaction kettle used in the catalyst preparation process was produced by Yantai Keli Chemical Equipment Co., Ltd. All reagents are commercially available.
- the structure and properties of the prepared catalyst were determined by the following analytical test methods:
- the average pore diameter and specific surface area of the catalysts prepared in the respective Examples and Comparative Examples were determined by a physical adsorber.
- the instrument is manufactured by micromeritics, model ASAP2020.
- the catalyst structure prepared in Example 1 was measured by an X-ray diffractometer.
- the instrument is manufactured by PANalytical and is modeled after X'pert 3 powder.
- the XRF analysis was carried out on the catalysts prepared in the respective Examples and Comparative Examples to confirm whether or not the alkali metal element modification process of the step (3) was carried out and the alkali metal element content.
- the instrument is manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation of Japan and is model EDX-LE.
- Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 were subjected to thermal analysis using a scanning calorimeter to obtain a DSC curve, thereby confirming whether or not the silylation modification process of the step (4) was carried out.
- the scanning calorimeter is manufactured by METTLER TOLEDO and is model DSC1.
- the silane group content of the catalyst prepared in each of the examples and the comparative examples was measured, and the measurement was carried out using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), and the catalyst weight loss of >400 ° C was regarded as the silane group content.
- TGA thermogravimetric analyzer
- the instrument is manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation of Japan and is model number DTG-60.
- V Na2S2O3 consumed volume Na 2 S 2 O 3 solution
- C Na2S2O3 used as a molar concentration of Na 2 S 2 O 3 solution.
- the selectivity of the epoxidation product in the epoxidation reaction using the catalysts prepared in each of the examples and the comparative examples was determined by gas chromatography.
- the content of the epoxidized product was determined by an internal standard method, and the concentration of the epoxidized product was determined by using DMF (dimethylformamide) as a solvent and DT (dioxane) as an internal standard.
- the pure epoxidized product as the object to be tested is prepared into a standard solution of different mass concentration by using DMF as a solvent, and each standard solution and internal standard of fixed mass are respectively taken, and then mixed and analyzed.
- the ratio of the peak area of the epoxidized product to DT in the chromatogram is x
- the mass concentration (%) of the epoxidized product in each standard solution is y
- the internal standard curve y ( Ax-b) ⁇ 100%, ensuring the R 2 coefficient ⁇ 0.999.
- Mass concentration of epoxidation product (a ⁇ (A epoxidation product / A DT ) - b) ⁇ dilution ratio ⁇ 100%
- A is the corresponding peak area of the subscript substance in the chromatogram; the dilution factor is a multiple of the volume of the sample to be tested after dilution relative to the volume of the sample before dilution.
- Epoxidized product content in the sample mass concentration of epoxidized product ⁇ sample quality
- Epoxidation product selectivity total mass of epoxidation product / actual converted peroxide (EBHP, CHP, etc.) theoretically capable of oxidizing the mass of epoxy compound formed by olefin ⁇ 100%
- 100 g of the gel prepared in the step (1) was transferred to a high-pressure stainless steel hydrothermal kettle, 20 g of ethylamine liquid was added, and the temperature was treated at 60 ° C for 6 h.
- the gel treated with ethylamine was dried in an air atmosphere at 120 ° C for 3 h, and then calcined in air at 550 ° C for 3 h to obtain a titanium-silicon composite oxide having a specific surface area of 422 m 2 /g as determined by BET, and an average pore diameter. It is 6.5 nm.
- a titanium-silicon composite gel was prepared according to Example 1, except that 20 g of ethylenediamine liquid was added during the reaming treatment, and the temperature was treated at 90 ° C for 10 h, then dried at 120 ° C for 3 h, and calcined at 550 ° C for 3 h to obtain titanium silicon.
- the composite oxide had a specific surface area of 368 m 2 /g as determined by BET and an average pore diameter of 10.7 nm.
- the catalyst B was prepared by performing alkali metal modification and gas phase silylation treatment under the same conditions as in Example 1.
- a titanium-silicon composite gel was prepared according to Example 1, except that 20 g of high-purity liquid ammonia (purity of 99.99% or more) was added during the reaming treatment, and the temperature was treated at 150 ° C for 12 h, then at 160 ° C for 3 h, at 550 ° C. After calcination for 3 hours, a titanium-silicon composite oxide was obtained, which had a specific surface area of 322 m 2 /g and an average pore diameter of 18.3 nm as determined by BET. Further, the catalyst C was prepared by performing alkali metal modification and gas phase silylation treatment under the same conditions as in Example 1.
- the stirring speed was reduced to 100 r/min, HNO 3 was added dropwise to adjust the pH to 6-6.5, and aged at 60 ° C for 8 h to prepare a titanium-silicon composite gel having a composition of TiO 2 ⁇ 60SiO 2 ⁇ (H 2 O) x .
- the prepared titanium-silicon composite gel was subjected to pore-expanding treatment, alkali metal modification and gas phase silylation treatment according to the method described in Example 1, to prepare a catalyst D, which had a specific surface area of 406 m 2 /g by BET.
- the pore size is 6.2 nm.
- a titanium-silicon composite gel was prepared according to the method described in Example 3, and subjected to a pore-expanding treatment. After drying and calcination, a titanium-silicon composite oxide was obtained. The difference is the alkali metal modification process, 5 g of potassium t-butoxide is dissolved in 95 g of anhydrous tert-butanol, and 20 g of titanium-silicon composite oxide is added, and the mixture is immersed for 3 hours at 80 ° C for alkali metal treatment ion exchange reaction; After completion of the reaction, the mixture was baked at 100 ° C for 5 h and calcined at 500 ° C for 3 h to obtain an alkali metal-modified titanium-silicon composite oxide, which was then subjected to the same gas phase silanization treatment as in Example 1 to obtain a catalyst E which was measured by BET. The specific surface area was 305 m 2 /g, and the average pore diameter was 18.5 nm.
- a titanium-silicon composite gel was prepared according to the method described in Example 1, and subjected to a pore-expanding treatment in the same manner as in the step (2) of Example 1, followed by drying and calcination to obtain a titanium-silicon composite oxide. Then, it is modified by using an alcohol solution of an organic alkali metal salt.
- the modification method is to disperse 2 g of potassium ethoxide in 98 g of absolute ethanol to prepare an immersion liquid, and add it to a flask of a rotary evaporator, and add 20 g of titanium-silicon composite oxide.
- the mixture was immersed at 60 ° C for 3 h, and subjected to alkali metal modification treatment for ion exchange reaction; after completion of the reaction, it was dried in an air atmosphere at 100 ° C for 5 h, and calcined in air at 500 ° C for 3 h to prepare a catalyst which was not silanized. It is referred to as F, and its specific surface area is 407 m 2 /g as measured by BET, and the average pore diameter is 6.7 nm.
- a titanium-silicon composite gel was prepared according to the method described in Example 1, and subjected to a pore-expanding treatment in the same manner as in the step (2) of Example 1, followed by drying and calcination to obtain a titanium-silicon composite oxide. Then, without modification with an alkali metal, directly transfer 20g of titanium-silicon composite oxide into a tube furnace, and use high-purity N 2 as a carrier gas, pass 3g of hexamethyldisilazane, and react at 250 ° C for 3 hours to prepare.
- a catalyst which was not subjected to an alkali metal modification treatment was obtained, and it was designated as G, and its specific surface area was 411 m 2 /g as measured by BET, and the average pore diameter was 6.6 nm.
- a titanium-silicon composite gel was prepared according to the method described in Example 1 and subjected to a pore-expanding treatment. After drying and calcination, a titanium-silicon composite oxide was obtained. The difference is the alkali metal modification process, 2.4 g of potassium nitrate is dissolved in 95 g of deionized water, and 20 g of titanium-silicon composite oxide is added, and the mixture is immersed for 3 hours at 80 ° C for alkali metal treatment ion exchange reaction; The mixture was baked at 100 ° C for 5 h and calcined at 500 ° C for 3 h to obtain an alkali metal-modified titanium-silicon composite oxide.
- alkali metal-modified titanium-silicon composite oxide 20g was transferred into a tube furnace, and high-purity N 2 was used as a carrier gas, and 3 g of hexamethyldisilazane was introduced thereto, and the mixture was reacted at 250 ° C for 3 hours to prepare a catalyst.
- H its specific surface area is 387 m 2 /g as measured by BET, and the average pore diameter is 6.7 nm.
- the stirring speed was reduced to 100 r/min, and HNO 3 was added dropwise to adjust the pH to 6 to 6.5, and aged at 60 ° C for 8 hours to prepare a titanium silica gel having a composition of TiO 2 ⁇ 10SiO 2 ⁇ (H 2 O) x .
- the prepared gel was directly dried at 100 ° C for 5 h without reaming and alkali metal modification, and then calcined at 500 ° C for 3 h to obtain a titanium-silicon composite oxide.
- 20 g of titanium-silicon composite oxide was transferred into a tube furnace, and high-purity N 2 was used as a carrier gas.
- 3 g of hexamethyldisilazane was introduced and reacted at 250 ° C for 3 hours to obtain a catalyst, which was designated as DB-1.
- the BET was measured to have a specific surface area of 413 m 2 /g and an average pore diameter of 2.7 nm.
- the titanium silica gel was prepared according to the method described in Example 1, and the titanium-silicon composite oxide was directly obtained without reaming treatment, and was modified by using an alkali metal alcohol solution.
- the modification method was to dissolve 2 g of potassium ethoxide in 98 g of absolute ethanol.
- the immersion liquid was placed in a flask of a rotary evaporator, 20 g of titanium-silicon composite oxide was added, and the mixture was immersed at 60 ° C for 3 hours to carry out an alkali metal modification treatment ion exchange reaction; after completion of the reaction, it was baked at 100 ° C in an air atmosphere.
- alkali metal-modified titanium-silicon composite oxide After drying for 5 h, it was calcined in air at 500 ° C for 3 h to obtain an alkali metal-modified titanium-silicon composite oxide. 20g of alkali metal-modified titanium-silicon composite oxide was transferred into a tube furnace, and high-purity N 2 was used as a carrier gas, and 3 g of hexamethyldisilazane was introduced thereto, and the mixture was reacted at 250 ° C for 3 hours to prepare a catalyst. It is referred to as DB-2, and its specific surface area is 405 m 2 /g as measured by BET, and the average pore diameter is 2.6 nm.
- a titanium-silicon composite gel was prepared as described in Example 1, and the titanium-silicon composite oxide was directly obtained without performing a hole expanding treatment. Then, it is modified by using an alcohol solution of an organic alkali metal salt by dissolving 2 g of potassium ethoxide in 98 g of absolute ethanol to prepare an immersion liquid, adding it to a flask of a rotary evaporator, and adding 20 g of titanium-silicon composite oxide.
- the alkali metal modification treatment ion exchange reaction After impregnation for 3 h at 60 ° C, the alkali metal modification treatment ion exchange reaction; after the completion of the reaction, it was dried in an air atmosphere at 100 ° C for 5 h, and calcined in air at 500 ° C for 3 h to prepare a catalyst, which was recorded as DB-3.
- the specific surface area was 407 m 2 /g as measured by BET, and the average pore diameter was 2.6 nm.
- TS-1 molecular sieve (Sinopec Changling Catalyst Factory) having a titanium-to-silicon ratio of 1:60 (molar ratio) from which the templating agent was removed was carried out in the same manner as in the steps (3) and (4) of Example 1.
- the catalyst was prepared by an organic alkali metal alcohol solution treatment and a gas phase silylation treatment, and was designated as DB-4.
- Ti-MCM-41 molecular sieve Naankai University Catalyst Factory
- Ti-to-silicon ratio 1:50 (molar ratio) having been removed from the templating agent
- the catalyst was prepared by an organic alkali metal alcohol solution treatment and a gas phase silylation treatment, and was designated as DB-5.
- the catalysts of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were characterized by BET, XRF and TGA, and the test results of the catalyst pore size, specific surface area, K element content, and silane group content are shown in Table 2. It can be seen that the pore size of the catalyst of the present invention is variable and larger than that of the Ti-Si microporous and mesoporous molecular sieve catalysts reported in the prior literature and the patent; and the catalysts treated by the alkali metal salt solution and the gas phase silanization treatment are all realized. Alkali metal modification and silanization modification.
- thermogravimetric DSC curve was determined for Catalyst A prepared in Example 1 and Catalyst DB-3 prepared in Comparative Example 3, see Figure 2. It can be seen that the silanized catalyst A has a distinct endothermic valley near 400-700 ° C compared with the non-silylated catalyst DB-3, which is caused by the silyl group removal, which is proved in the first embodiment. Silanization modification of the catalyst is achieved in step (4).
- the smaller pore diameter catalysts A and D prepared by the method of the present invention have higher propylene oxide selectivity.
- the catalysts obtained in the examples of the present invention were significantly higher than the comparative examples; the respective examples were substantially equivalent except for Example 8.
- the catalyst DB-2 prepared in Comparative Example 2 was only subjected to the reaming treatment; Comparative Examples 1 and 3 were subjected to only one modification except that the reaming treatment was not carried out. Means; Comparative Examples 4 and 5 simultaneously performed alkali metal and silanization modification on existing microporous and mesoporous titanium silicalite. According to Table 3, the CHP conversion and the propylene oxide selectivity of the above five comparative examples were significantly lower than that of the catalyst A. It can be seen that the catalyst of the present invention after the pore-expanding treatment of the present invention and the two modification means are used to catalyze the epoxidation reaction of propylene to obtain a better effect.
- the catalyst F prepared in Example 6 was not subjected to the alcohol solution treatment of the organic alkali metal salt; the catalyst G prepared in Example 7 was not subjected to the silylation treatment.
- Table 3 the above two examples have a high CHP conversion similar to that of Catalyst A, but the propylene oxide selectivity is significantly lower than Catalyst A. It can be seen that in the reaction, the pore-expanding treatment helps to increase the conversion of CHP, and the catalyst obtained by simultaneously treating the alcohol solution of the organic alkali metal salt and the gas phase silylation treatment is more advantageous for improving the selectivity of the propylene oxide product.
- the catalyst A prepared in Example 1 was different from the catalyst H prepared in Example 8 in that, in the step of alkali metal modification, the alcohol solution of the organic alkali metal salt was used in Example 1, and the examples An aqueous solution of an inorganic alkali metal salt is used in 8. It can be seen from the results of the reaction in Table 3 that the use of water as a solvent in the alkali metal modification process results in a decrease in the selectivity of the catalyst to propylene oxide and a decrease in CHP conversion.
- the catalysts of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were charged with a fixed bed reactor having an inner diameter of 30 mm, and the catalyst loading amount was 20 g; the feed rate of 1-decene (C 10 H 20 ) was 80 g/hr.
- the CHP solution concentration was 35%, the CHP solution feed amount was 41.34 g/hr, the C 10 H 20 /CHP molar ratio was 6:1, the reaction pressure was normal pressure, and the reaction temperature was 80 °C.
- the reaction results are shown in Table 4.
- the medium pore size catalyst B prepared by the process of the present invention had higher CHP conversion and 1,2-epoxydecane selectivity.
- the CHP conversion rate drastically decreased as compared with the result obtained in Example 9. It can be seen that the pore size of the catalyst B after the reaming treatment is advantageous for the reaction for preparing the 1,2-epoxydecane.
- the catalysts of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were respectively charged, the catalyst loading amount was 20 g; the feed rate of cyclododecatriene was 80 g/hr, and the concentration of CHP solution was 35%, the CHP solution feed amount was 41.34 g/hr, the C 10 H 20 /CHP molar ratio was 6:1, the reaction pressure was normal pressure, and the reaction temperature was 80 °C.
- the reaction results are shown in Table 5.
- the macroporous catalysts C and E prepared by the process of the present invention have higher CHP conversion and CDDO (epoxycyclododecadiene) selectivity in the catalysts prepared in the respective examples and comparative examples.
- the CHP conversion ratio of each comparative example was further lowered as compared with the result of Example 10. It can be seen that the pore size of the catalysts C and E after the reaming treatment is advantageous for the reaction for preparing CDDO.
- the pore size of the obtained catalyst can be controlled to accommodate the epoxidation reaction of olefin reactants of different molecular sizes.
- the reamed titanium-silicon composite oxide of the present invention as a catalyst can increase the conversion of the reactants and the selectivity of the epoxidation product with respect to the catalyst whose pore size is not compatible with the molecular size of the reactant. Further, by modifying the reamed titanium-silicon composite oxide with an alcohol solution of an organic alkali metal salt and a silane, the selectivity of the catalyst to the epoxidation product is further improved.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (14)
- 一种烯烃环氧化催化剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:(1)将硅酯溶液、钛酯溶液、表面活性剂混合,使用稀酸调节pH至6-7以使硅酯完全水解,经老化得到钛硅复合物凝胶;(2)向所述凝胶中加入有机胺或液氨,在恒温条件下进行扩孔处理,处理温度为60~150℃,并在空气气氛中经干燥、焙烧,制得无定形的钛硅复合氧化物;(3)任选地,使用有机碱金属盐的醇溶液对所述钛硅复合氧化物进行浸渍,并在空气气氛中经干燥、焙烧,得到经碱金属改性后的钛硅复合氧化物;和(4)任选地,以N 2为载气,使用有机硅烷化试剂将步骤(2)得到的所述钛硅复合氧化物或步骤(3)得到的所述经碱金属改性后的钛硅复合氧化物进行气相硅烷化处理;得到所述烯烃环氧化催化剂。
- 根据权利要求1所述的烯烃环氧化催化剂的制备方法,其中,在所述步骤(1)中,所述硅酯和钛酯的摩尔比为10~60:1,所述表面活性剂的添加量以硅酯和钛酯总重量计为0.5~5.0wt%;在所述步骤(2)中,所述有机胺或液氨与所述凝胶的质量比为1:5~1:10,扩孔处理的处理时间为3~12h,由此制得平均孔径为5~20nm的无定形的钛硅复合氧化物。
- 根据权利要求2所述的烯烃环氧化催化剂的制备方法,其中,在所述步骤(3)中,所述有机碱金属盐的醇溶液的浓度为2~5wt%;所述有机碱金属盐的醇溶液与所述钛硅复合氧化物的质量比为5:1~10:1;所述浸渍的温度为40~80℃,优选50~70℃,所述浸渍的时间为1~5h,优选2~4h;在所述步骤(4)中,所述有机硅烷化试剂与所述钛硅复合氧化物或所述经碱金属改性的钛硅复合氧化物的重量比为0.01~0.2;所述气相硅烷化处理的温度为200-400℃,处理时间为2-6h。
- 根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的烯烃环氧化催化剂的制备方法,其中,在所述步骤(1)中,i)所述硅酯选自硅酸四乙酯、正硅酸乙酯和硅酸正丁酯中的一种或多种;所述硅酯溶液的质量浓度为30~60wt%,溶剂为乙醇或异丙醇;ii)所述钛酯选自钛酸四乙酯、钛酸四丙酯、钛酸四丁酯、四异丙基钛酸酯中的一种或多种;所述钛酯溶液浓度为10~30wt%,溶剂为正丁醇或异丙醇;iii)所述表面活性剂选自十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、P-123三嵌段共聚物、十二烷基磺酸钠、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙二醇和聚丙二醇中的一种或多种;iv)所述稀酸选自硝酸、盐酸、乙酸中的一种。
- 根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的烯烃环氧化催化剂的制备方法,其中,在所述步骤(1)中,先将表面活性剂加入硅酯溶液中并混合均匀,然后,在搅拌釜转速为3000~5000r/min的条件下将所述钛酯溶液缓慢加入硅酯溶液。
- 根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的烯烃环氧化催化剂的制备方法,其中,在所述步骤(1)中,老化温度为40~120℃,老化时间为2~8h。
- 根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的烯烃环氧化催化剂的制备方法,其中,在所述步骤(2)中,所述有机胺选自乙胺、乙二胺、丙胺、正丁胺中的一种或多种。
- 根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的烯烃环氧化催化剂的制备方法,其中,在所述步骤(2)中,干燥温度为80~160℃,干燥时间为3~6小时;焙烧温度为400~600℃,优选450~550℃,焙烧时间为3~6小时。
- 根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的烯烃环氧化催化剂的制备方法,其中,在所述步骤(3)中,所述有机碱金属盐选自甲醇钠、乙醇钠、乙醇钾、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾中的一种或多种;所述有机碱金属盐的醇溶液中作为溶剂的醇为甲醇、乙醇、叔丁醇中的一种或多种。
- 根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的烯烃环氧化催化剂的制备方法,其中,在所述步骤(3)中,所述干燥的温度为80~160℃,干燥时间为3~6小时;所述焙烧温度为300~500℃,焙烧时间为3~6小时。
- 根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的烯烃环氧化催化剂的制备方法,其中,在所述步骤(4)中,所述有机硅烷化试剂选自六甲基二硅胺烷、六甲基氯硅氮烷、七甲基氯硅氮烷、三甲基氯硅烷、二甲基氯硅烷、四甲基二硅氮烷、二甲基二乙氧基硅烷、三甲基甲氧基硅烷、二甲基二甲氧基硅烷和三甲基乙氧基硅烷中的一种或多种,优选六甲基二硅胺烷。
- 一种烯烃环氧化催化剂,其为无定型的钛硅复合氧化物,其中,以化学计量表示,含有的SiO 2和TiO 2的摩尔比为10~60:1;任选地,还含有碱金属元素和/或硅烷基,二者质量百分比分别为1~10%;所述钛硅复合氧化物的平均孔径为5~20nm,比表面积为200~600m 2/g,优选为300~450m 2/g。
- 一种烯烃环氧化催化剂,其特征在于,所述烯烃环氧化催化剂由根据权利要求 1~11中任一项所述的烯烃环氧化催化剂的制备方法制备得到。
- 根据权利要求12或13所述的烯烃环氧化催化剂在烯烃的环氧化反应中的用途,所述烯烃优选C 3~C 16的直链或异构烯烃、C 6~C 16的环烯或芳香族烯烃;所述环氧化反应中使用的氧化剂优选为有机过氧化物,更优选为叔丁基过氧化氢、乙苯过氧化氢或异丙苯基过氧化氢;所述环氧化反应优选为烯烃与有机过氧化物的液相环氧化反应。
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CN113457733A (zh) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-10-01 | 淄博恒亿化工科技有限公司 | 一种ts-1催化剂及其制备方法 |
CN113457733B (zh) * | 2021-07-15 | 2024-03-26 | 淄博恒亿化工科技有限公司 | 一种ts-1催化剂及其制备方法 |
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JP6970298B2 (ja) | 2021-11-24 |
US11511260B2 (en) | 2022-11-29 |
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EP3718626A4 (en) | 2021-07-28 |
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