WO2019044964A1 - ケンペロール類縁体含有組成物 - Google Patents
ケンペロール類縁体含有組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019044964A1 WO2019044964A1 PCT/JP2018/032104 JP2018032104W WO2019044964A1 WO 2019044964 A1 WO2019044964 A1 WO 2019044964A1 JP 2018032104 W JP2018032104 W JP 2018032104W WO 2019044964 A1 WO2019044964 A1 WO 2019044964A1
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- Prior art keywords
- kaempferol
- analogue
- glycoside
- och
- composition according
- Prior art date
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2200/00—Function of food ingredients
- A23V2200/30—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health
- A23V2200/31—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health having an effect on comfort perception and well-being
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2200/00—Function of food ingredients
- A23V2200/30—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health
- A23V2200/316—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health having an effect on regeneration or building of ligaments or muscles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
- A23V2250/20—Natural extracts
- A23V2250/21—Plant extracts
- A23V2250/2116—Flavonoids, isoflavones
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2121/00—Preparations for use in therapy
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2300/00—Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
Definitions
- the present application relates to an exercise efficiency improving composition, a fatigue reducing composition and a dynamic vision improving composition.
- Oxygen utilization is an index of energy production, and it is the key to improve oxygen utilization efficiency to be able to "exercise" continuously without feeling tired or short in sports or daily life.
- arterial blood oxygen saturation at rest is normally 96% or more, but decreases to 93 to 88% during intense exercise (Non-patent Document 1).
- the arterial blood oxygen saturation (at rest) is about 97% in the twenties, but decreases with age, reaching about 93% in the twenties (Non-patent Document 2).
- the decrease in oxygenation may occur due to aging, labor, bad weather (low pressure), apnea syndrome, etc. in ordinary people's daily life. Since the decrease in oxygen status can occur not only in sports but also in the daily life of ordinary people, oxygen utilization efficiency can be improved and exercise efficiency can be improved even if oxygen status is reduced in addition to normal oxygen status. There is a need for a formulation that can improve, reduce fatigue, or improve dynamic vision and that can be continuously and safely taken on a daily basis.
- Kemperol is a kind of natural flavonoid contained in many edible plants such as tea, broccoli, grapefruit, cabbage, kale, legumes, berry fruits, leeks, leeks, tomatoes, strawberries, grapes, cabbage, apples, quinoa and horseradish.
- Patent Document 1 discloses the influence of quercetin on the concentration of lactic acid, but there is no specific description using other flavonoids.
- the subject of the present application is to improve the oxygen utilization efficiency (that is, to increase the ability to utilize oxygen) to suppress the decrease in exercise efficiency or to improve the exercise efficiency or to reduce fatigue, or to decrease the dynamic vision. It is an object of the present invention to provide a composition capable of suppressing or improving visual acuity, and capable of exerting these effects even when oxygen status is reduced in addition to normal oxygen status.
- the inventors of the present invention conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems and found that oral administration of the kaempferol-containing composition to humans results in a wide range of intensity ranging from mild exercise of daily life to intense exercise equivalent to intense sports. In the range of exercise, it was found that the oxygen utilization efficiency was increased, the exercise efficiency was improved, the feeling of fatigue was reduced, and the dynamic visual acuity was improved, leading to the present invention.
- the present invention provides the following: [1] Formula I: (Formula I) [In the formula, R 1 is -OH or -OCH 3 ; R 2 is H or -OH; R 3 is H, -OH, or -OCH 3 ; R 4 is -OH or -OCH 3 ; R 5 is H or -OH; and R 6 is H, -OH or -OCH 3 ; However, except for] An exercise efficiency improving composition comprising kaempferol analogue or glycoside thereof. [2] The exercise efficiency improving composition according to [1], wherein the exercise efficiency improvement is an improvement in endurance. [3] The exercise efficiency improving composition according to [1], wherein the exercise efficiency improvement is relief of breathlessness.
- Formula I (Formula I) [In the formula, R 1 is -OH or -OCH 3 ; R 2 is H or -OH; R 3 is H, -OH, or -OCH 3 ; R 4 is -OH or -OCH 3 ; R 5 is H or -OH; and R 6 is H, -OH or -OCH 3 ; However, except for] A dynamic visual acuity improving composition comprising kaempferol analogue or glycoside thereof.
- the glycoside of the kaempferol analogue is At least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , and R 6 is independently selected from -OR 7 , -OR 7 R 8 , or -OR 7 R 8 R 9 ;
- R 7 is glucose residue;
- R 8 and R 9 are glucose residue, mannose residue, galactose residue, fucose residue, rhamnose residue, arabinose residue, xylose residue, fructose residue, glucuronic acid Independently selected from residues, or apiose residues;
- the composition according to any one of [1] to [5].
- the kaempferol analogue or glycoside thereof is administered in an amount of 0.5 mg to 200 mg as kaempferol analogue value per day. Composition as described.
- composition according to any one of [1] to [15], which is a pharmaceutical composition is a pharmaceutical composition.
- the present invention further provides the use of kaempferol analogues or glycosides thereof in the manufacture of an exercise efficiency improving composition, a fatigue reducing composition, or a dynamic vision improving composition.
- the present invention provides a method for improving exercise efficiency, a method for reducing fatigue, or a method for improving visual acuity, which comprises administering kaempferol analogue or a glycoside thereof.
- the present invention provides kaempferol analogues or glycosides thereof for use in improving exercise efficiency, reducing fatigue, or improving dynamic vision.
- compositions of the present invention can increase the efficiency of oxygen utilization (the ability to utilize oxygen), thereby improving their efficiency in all kinds of "exercises", including daily activities and sports, eg, reduced breathlessness It may be possible to exercise with improved endurance.
- the composition of the present invention can also be used as a breathlessness reducing composition or an endurance improving composition.
- the composition of the present invention can reduce fatigue, and it can be possible to perform sports and daily housekeeping without fatigue.
- the composition of the present invention can improve dynamic vision, and can contribute to, for example, improvement in sports performance.
- Oxygen utilization (VO 2 ) at each exercise intensity is shown.
- the oxygen consumption efficiency (VO 2 / VE) after the incremental load exercise start is shown.
- the oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) of each dose in the incremental loading exercise is shown.
- the maximal oxygen utilization ( VO2peak ) of each dose in the incremental load exercise is shown.
- the maximum exercise load of each dose in the incremental load exercise is shown.
- Figure 10 shows lateral dynamic visual acuity (DVA) before and after incrementally loaded exercise. The influence on the ATP production of each compound under hypoxic environment is shown.
- the ATP content in the flatfish muscle is shown.
- the ATP content in whole brain is shown.
- Shows the change in time of the first and second 400m sprinting runs. Indicates the number of breaths while traveling at a speed of 400m. It is a graph which shows the exercise intensity while running.
- Indicates changes in expiratory muscle strength. Indicates a change in heart rate.
- the present invention relates to an exercise efficiency improving composition, a fatigue reducing composition, or a dynamic vision improving composition, and these compositions are characterized in that they contain kaempferol analogues or glycosides thereof.
- the kaempferol analogue is Formula I: (Formula I) [In the formula, R 1 is -OH or -OCH 3 ; R 2 is H or -OH; R 3 is H, -OH, or -OCH 3 ; R 4 is -OH or -OCH 3 ; R 5 is H or -OH; and R 6 is H, -OH or -OCH 3 ; However, except for] A compound having
- compositions of the invention may include glycosides of kaempferol analogs. Since glycosides of kaempferol analogues can be converted to their aglycones in vivo, they can have the same activity as aglycones.
- the glycoside of kaempferol analogue is preferably one or more (preferably one or two, more preferably one) hydroxy group of the kaempferol analogue. It refers to a compound in which a sugar chain having 1 to 3 and more preferably 1) sugar residue is glycosidically linked.
- Preferred examples of the sugar residue include glucose residue, mannose residue, galactose residue, fucose residue, rhamnose residue, arabinose residue, xylose residue, fructose residue, glucuronic acid residue, or apiose residue. It can be mentioned.
- glycosides of kaempferol analogues are: At least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , and R 6 is independently selected from -OR 7 , -OR 7 R 8 , or -OR 7 R 8 R 9 ; R 7 is glucose residue; and R 8 and R 9 are glucose residue, mannose residue, galactose residue, fucose residue, rhamnose residue, arabinose residue, xylose residue, fructose residue, glucuronic acid Independently selected from residues, or apiose residues; Compounds are mentioned.
- Examples of preferred kaempferol analogues and their glycosides include the following kaempferol analogues and their glycosides: .
- An example of a further preferred kaempferol analogue is kaempferol, and an example of its glycoside is kaempferol 3-O-glucoside.
- kaempferol analogues or glycosides thereof may be contained in combination with glycosides of kaempferol analogues and kaempferol analogues.
- the kaempferol analogue may be a single kaempferol analogue or a combination of two or more kinds of kaempferol analogues.
- the glycoside of kaempferol analog may be a single glycoside of kaempferol analog or the glycoside of a plurality of kinds of kaempferol analogs may be combined.
- the kaempferol analogue or glycoside thereof used in the composition of the present invention is not limited at all by the form, production method and the like.
- kaempferol when kaempferol is selected, one extracted from a plant known to contain a large amount of kaempferol by a known method can be used as it is, or a synthetic product can be used.
- the glycoside of the kaempferol analogue derived from the plant may be used as it is, or may be converted to the aglycone kaempferol analogue by known methods (for example, by enzyme treatment).
- Kanerol analog equivalent value means a value obtained by converting the amount of glycosides of kaempferol analog to the amount of kaempferol analog as aglycone. Specifically, it can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles of glycoside obtained by dividing the amount of glycoside by the molecular weight by the molecular weight of aglycone.
- the amount of kaempferol analogue or glycoside thereof contained in the composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the desired effect is exhibited, and it depends on the form of the composition, the number of administrations, the health condition of the subject, etc. Can be selected appropriately.
- the administration period of the composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the desired effects are exhibited, and may be administered once or continuously.
- composition of the present invention be administered continuously for a long period of time, for example, for 2 days, 3 days, 1 week, in order to continuously obtain the effect of exercise efficiency improvement, fatigue reduction or dynamic vision improvement. It can be administered for 10 days, 1 month, 3 months or more.
- kaempferol analogue or glycoside thereof is, for example, 0.1 mg to 200 mg, preferably 0.5 mg to 100 mg, further as kaempferol analogue equivalent value.
- 1 mg to 30 mg, most preferably 2 mg to 10 mg are included.
- 0.1 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg and 2.5 mg are mentioned as an example of the lower limit of the kaempferol analogue conversion value, and 200 mg, 150 mg, 100 mg, 50 mg, 30 mg, 25 mg, 15 mg as an example of upper limit. 10 mg, 5 mg, 3 mg, and 2.5 mg, and the preferred range of the kaempferol analog conversion value can be indicated by the combination of the upper limit value and the lower limit value.
- the composition of the present invention is, for example, 0.1 mg to 200 mg, preferably 0.5 mg to 100 mg, and more preferably 1 mg to kaempferol analogue or its glycoside as a kaempferol analogue equivalent per administration. It may be 30 mg, most preferably 2 mg to 10 mg. 0.1 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg and 2.5 mg are mentioned as an example of the lower limit of the kaempferol analogue conversion value, and 200 mg, 150 mg, 100 mg, 50 mg, 30 mg, 25 mg, 15 mg as an example of upper limit. 10 mg, 5 mg, 3 mg, and 2.5 mg, and the preferred range of the kaempferol analog conversion value can be indicated by the combination of the upper limit value and the lower limit value.
- kaempferol analogue or glycoside thereof is administered, for example, 0.1 mg to 600 mg, preferably 0.5 mg to 200 mg, more preferably 1 mg to 100 mg as kaempferol analogue equivalent value per day.
- 0.1 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, and 2.5 mg are mentioned as an example of the lower limit of the kaempferol analogue conversion value, and 600, 300, 200 mg, 150 mg, 100 mg, 50 mg, 30 mg as an example of the upper limit. 25 mg, 15 mg, 10 mg, 5 mg, 3 mg, and 2.5 mg, and the preferred range of the kaempferol analog conversion value can be indicated by the combination of the upper limit value and the lower limit value. Even if kaempferol analogue or its glycoside which can be administered per day is administered in a single dose, even if it is administered in multiple doses (eg, two, three, four and five) Good.
- composition of the present invention is preferably formulated as a preparation for oral administration, and the formulation type is not particularly limited, and for example, tablets, granules, capsules, powders, chewable tablets, confectionery (cookies, biscuits , Chocolate confections, chips, cakes, gums, candies, gummy, marshmallows, sheep porridge, puddings, jellies, yogurt, ice cream, sherbet etc), bread, noodles, rice, cereal foods, beverages (liquids, soft drinks, carbonated drinks It may be a usual food form such as nutritional drink, powdered drink, fruit drink, milk drink, jelly drink, etc., soup (powder, freeze-dried), miso soup (powder, freeze-dried).
- the composition of the present invention may be a food or drink or a pharmaceutical composition, and may be used as food or drink such as a functional indicator food, a food for specified health use, a health food, a nutritional supplement (supplement) or a medical food.
- composition of the present invention can be formulated into an oral administration preparation by adding a pharmaceutically acceptable base and carrier, additives usable for food, etc. in addition to kaempferol analogue or its glycoside.
- a pharmaceutically acceptable base and carrier for example, kaempferol analogues or glycosides thereof used in the composition of the present invention are preferably those which do not impair the stability of kaempferol analogues, and further the intended effects of the composition of the present invention (for example, oxygen utilization efficiency) Improvement, exercise efficiency improvement, fatigue reduction, or dynamic visual acuity improvement) is not desirable.
- improved oxygen utilization efficiency means that the ability to utilize oxygen is enhanced.
- the increase in oxygen consumption efficiency (VO 2 / VE) described in the Examples of the present application the increase in oxygen utilization amount (VO 2 ) under a predetermined exercise intensity, the oxygen uptake efficiency gradient (increase in OUES) , and an increase in the maximum oxygen usage (VO 2peak) and the like.
- exercise means to move the body, and includes all aspects such as daily household chores, luggage carrying, stair climbing, sports and the like.
- improved exercise efficiency means that the body can be moved more easily in any exercise scene. For example, it is possible that exercise can be continued for a long time in a more comfortable state with improved endurance, or exercise can be performed more easily in a state where breathlessness is reduced.
- index of exercise efficiency improvement increase of oxygen utilization (VO 2 ) under predetermined exercise intensity, increase of oxygen consumption efficiency (VO 2 / VE), oxygen uptake efficiency gradient (increase of OUES), maximum increased oxygen usage (VO 2peak), an increase of the maximum exercise load, a predetermined oxygen utilization amount (VO 2) reduction of the exercise intensity under, or reduction of subjective exercise intensity (described example of the present application the terms Be mentioned).
- the dose and the number of administrations are not particularly limited, and for example, it may be administered at the dosage, the number of administrations and the administration period exemplified above.
- the term “relief fatigue” means that the user can exercise less fatigue at any exercise scene.
- indicators of fatigue reduction include a decrease in exercise intensity or subjective exercise intensity (these terms are explained in the present embodiment).
- the improvement of the visual acuity means to prevent the deterioration of the visual acuity or to improve the visual acuity.
- the dose and the number of administrations are not particularly limited, and for example, it may be administered in the dosage, the number of administrations and the administration period exemplified above.
- compositions of the present invention may have the effect of improving the oxygen utilization efficiency (ie, increasing the ability to utilize oxygen). Therefore, the composition of the present invention can also be used as an oxygen utilization efficiency improver.
- hypoxia means a state in which oxygen in the body is insufficient, and for example, the state of arterial blood oxygen saturation is less than 95%.
- the composition of the present invention can also have the effect of improving the oxygen utilization efficiency even in a subject in a hypoxic condition, and thus can contribute to improvement in exercise efficiency, reduction in fatigue, and improvement in visual acuity in the subject in the hypoxic condition.
- the administration subject of the composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably human. Before and after sports, before and after work outdoors, before and after daily labor (up and down stairs, housework etc.), when you feel that you can not get out of daily fatigue, when you want to work efficiently, movement by aging It is preferable to administer when it feels dull.
- ⁇ Test Example 1 Bicycle loading test with increasing load> For 25 healthy adult males, 3 doses of kaempferol containing cookie-like food (containing 2.5 mg, 10 mg, 25 mg as kaempferol) and placebo cookie-like food (without kaempferol) as test food per day 1 Four sets of continuous intake for 8 days were repeated by the crossover method. From the first intake day (in single intake) and the eighth intake day (in continuous intake) 3 hours after intake of test food, bicycle exhalation load exercise was carried out while exhalation gas was collected, and oxygen utilization was calculated . During exercise, heart rate and subjective exercise intensity were monitored. In addition, dynamic visual acuity was measured before and after exercise. Details of each evaluation item are shown below.
- Oxygen consumption efficiency (VO 2 / VE) oxygen utilization amount / ventilation rate As shown in FIG. 2, oxygen consumption is higher when taking Kaempferol than after taking Kaempferol after single intake and after continuous intake. An increase in efficiency (VO 2 / VE) was observed.
- ⁇ 5 Evaluation of the maximum exercise load> As shown in FIG. 5, the maximum exercise load (pedal weight (watt)) increased after taking single and after taking kaempferol compared to when not taking kaempferol.
- the subjective exercise intensity was evaluated by the subject at 1-minute intervals from the start of the incremental load exercise according to the following table, and the response values of each subject were averaged to calculate.
- Figures 6-1 and 6-2 when taking up kaempferol both after single intake and after continuous intake, the equivalent oxygen utilization (VO 2 ) both during climbing stairs and during jogging The exercise intensity and the subjective exercise intensity decreased compared to the case of not taking it.
- ⁇ Test Example 2 Effect on ATP production under hypoxic environment> Give the C 2 C 12 skeletal muscle cells differentiated by horse serum, various compounds (final concentration 20 [mu] M) or by adding dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as the negative control, 24 hours hypoxia incubator (3% O 2) After culture, the ATP content in the cells was quantified using a kit (Luciferase luminescence method) manufactured by Toyo Beannet Co., Ltd. The activity value was expressed as a% value when the ATP content of the DMSO-added sample was 100%. The results are shown in FIG.
- Test Example 3 Effects of kaempferol or kaempferol 3-O-glucoside in rats
- KMP kaempferol
- K3G kaempferol 3-O-glucoside
- the Cont group is exposed to oxygen 21% for 1 hour, and the other groups are exposed to oxygen concentration 12% for 1 hour, then the soleus muscle (Sol), whole brain is removed, and the tissue is The ATP content was measured.
- the results are shown in FIGS. 9-1 and -2.
- FIG. 10 shows a graph showing changes in time of the first and second 400 m runs.
- the average was -0.11 seconds in the second run against the first shot, whereas the average was -0.77 seconds in the kaempferol-containing food intake group.
- FIG. 11 shows a graph showing the number of breaths while running.
- the total intake frequency during the run is significantly lower than the placebo food intake group, and the kaempferol-containing food intake group is also effective for each respiratory rate every 50 m (times / minute). It was significantly lower.
- FIG. 12 shows a graph showing exercise intensity during running.
- the kaempferol-containing food intake group had significantly lower exercise intensity during the run than the placebo food intake group.
- FIG. 13 shows a graph showing changes in expiratory muscle strength. As shown in FIG. 13, the decrease in expiratory muscle strength was significantly suppressed in the kaempferol-containing food ingested group compared to the placebo food ingested group.
- FIG. 14 shows a graph showing changes in heart rate. As shown in FIG. 14, the heart rate of the Kemperol-containing food intake group is significantly lower at 200-250 m at the first run and at -150 m after the start at the second run, as compared to the placebo food intake group. Indicated.
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Abstract
Description
一般に安静時の動脈血酸素飽和度は96%以上が正常とされているが、激しい運動時には93~88%まで低下する(非特許文献1)。また動脈血酸素飽和度(安静時)は、20代では約97%であるものの加齢と共にこの数値は低下し、60代では約93%となる(非特許文献2)。すなわち激しいスポーツのときの急激な酸素状態の低下に加え、一般人の日常生活においても加齢や労働、また悪天候(低気圧)や無呼吸症候群などにより酸素状態の低下は起こりうる。
スポーツのときのみならず一般人の日常生活においても酸素状態の低下は起こりうるため、通常の酸素状態に加え酸素状態が低下している場合であっても、酸素利用効率を改善でき、運動効率を向上し、疲れをためにくくすることができ、または動体視力を改善できるものであって、日常的に継続して安全に摂取できる製剤が望まれる。
特許文献3はクエルセチンの乳酸濃度への影響について開示するものであるが、他のフラボノイドを使った具体的な記載はない。
[1]式I:
[式中、
R1は-OH、または-OCH3であり;
R2はH、または-OHであり;
R3はH、-OH、または-OCH3であり;
R4は-OH、または-OCH3であり;
R5はH、または-OHであり;および
R6はH、-OH、または-OCH3であり;
ただし、
を有するケンペロール類縁体またはその配糖体を含有する運動効率向上組成物。
[2]該運動効率向上が持久力の向上である、[1]に記載の運動効率向上組成物。
[3]該運動効率向上が息切れ軽減である、[1]に記載の運動効率向上組成物。
[式中、
R1は-OH、または-OCH3であり;
R2はH、または-OHであり;
R3はH、-OH、または-OCH3であり;
R4は-OH、または-OCH3であり;
R5はH、または-OHであり;および
R6はH、-OH、または-OCH3であり;
ただし、
を有するケンペロール類縁体またはその配糖体を含有する疲労軽減組成物。
[式中、
R1は-OH、または-OCH3であり;
R2はH、または-OHであり;
R3はH、-OH、または-OCH3であり;
R4は-OH、または-OCH3であり;
R5はH、または-OHであり;および
R6はH、-OH、または-OCH3であり;
ただし、
を有するケンペロール類縁体またはその配糖体を含有する動体視力改善組成物。
R1、R2、R4、およびR6の少なくとも1つが-OR7、-OR7R8、または-OR7R8R9から独立して選択され;
R7がグルコース残基であり;および
R8およびR9がグルコース残基、マンノース残基、ガラクトース残基、フコース残基、ラムノース残基、アラビノース残基、キシロース残基、フルクトース残基、グルクロン酸残基、またはアピオース残基から独立して選択される;
[1]~[5]のいずれか1つに記載の組成物。
式I:
[式中、
R1は-OH、または-OCH3であり;
R2はH、または-OHであり;
R3はH、-OH、または-OCH3であり;
R4は-OH、または-OCH3であり;
R5はH、または-OHであり;および
R6はH、-OH、または-OCH3であり;
ただし、
を有する化合物である。
R1、R2、R4、およびR6の少なくとも1つが-OR7、-OR7R8、または-OR7R8R9から独立して選択され;
R7がグルコース残基であり;および
R8およびR9がグルコース残基、マンノース残基、ガラクトース残基、フコース残基、ラムノース残基、アラビノース残基、キシロース残基、フルクトース残基、グルクロン酸残基、またはアピオース残基から独立して選択される;
化合物が挙げられる。
本発明の組成物において、ケンペロール類縁体は単一のケンペロール類縁体であっても複数の種類のケンペロール類縁体が組み合わされていてもよい。
本発明の組成物において、ケンペロール類縁体の配糖体は単一のケンペロール類縁体の配糖体であっても複数の種類のケンペロール類縁体の配糖体が組み合わされていてもよい。
本願発明の組成物が運動効率向上のために投与される場合、その用量および投与回数は特に限定されず、例えば上記に例示する投与量、投与回数、投与期間で投与されうる。
本願発明の組成物が疲労軽減のために投与される場合、その用量および投与回数は特に限定されず、例えば上記に例示する投与量、投与回数、投与期間で投与されうる。
本願発明の組成物が動体視力改善のために投与される場合、その用量および投与回数は特に限定されず、例えば上記に例示する投与量、投与回数、投与期間で投与されうる。
本発明の組成物は低酸素状態の対象においても酸素利用効率を向上する効果を有し得るため、当該低酸素状態の対象においても、運動効率向上、疲労軽減、動体視力改善に寄与しうる。
[製剤例1]クッキー(ケンペロール含量2.5mg)
キヌア抽出物* 37重量%
メープルシロップ 22重量%
牛乳 22重量%
バター(含塩) 15重量%
グラニュー糖 4重量%
合 計 100重量%
これらを混合し、常法によりオーブン温度約140℃で20分間焼成して、クッキーを製造した。クッキー1枚あたりのケンペロールの含量は2.5mg(HPLCによる)であった。
キヌア抽出物*:酵素処理によりケンペロール配糖体をケンペロールアグリコンに変換した抽出物。
エタノール抽出酵素処理キヌア粉末** 48重量%
ゼラチン製カプセル 52重量%
合 計 100重量%
エタノール抽出酵素処理キヌア粉末をゼラチン製カプセルに充填して作製した。カプセル1個あたりケンペロールの含量は2.5mg(HPLCによる)であった。
エタノール抽出酵素処理キヌア粉末**:50%エタノールによりキヌア粒からケンペロール配糖体を抽出した後、酵素処理によりケンペロール配糖体をケンペロールアグリコンに変換した抽出物。
健常成人男性25名に対して、3用量のケンペロール含有クッキー状食品(ケンペロールとして、2.5mg、10mg、25mgを含む)およびプラセボクッキー状食品(ケンペロールを含まない)を試験食品として、1日1回8日間の連続摂取を、クロスオーバー法にて4セット繰り返した。摂取1日目(単回摂取時)および摂取8日目(連続摂取時)の試験食品摂取3時間後から、呼気ガスを採取しながら自転車こぎ漸増負荷運動を実施し、酸素利用量を算出した。運動中は、心拍数および自覚的運動強度をモニターした。また、運動前後に動体視力を測定した。各評価項目の詳細を以下に示す。
酸素利用量(VO2)(mL/min/kg)を、吸った息(大気)に含まれる酸素の量と呼気ガスに含まれる酸素の量の差より算出した。
自転車こぎ漸増負荷運動において、ペダルの重さが被験者の限界に近づくと心拍数(HR)は最大となる。安静時の心拍数から最大心拍数までの心拍数の増加を運動強度の100%として、各運動強度における酸素利用量(VO2)をプロットした。
すなわち、例えば運動強度50%HRの場合、下式:
100×(x-安静時心拍数)/(最大心拍数-安静時心拍数)=50%HR
中の「x」の心拍数を示すときの酸素利用量(VO2)が「運動強度50%HRにおける酸素利用量(VO2)」となる。
結果を図1に示す。
図1に示されるとおり、単回摂取後および連続摂取後共に、運動強度50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、および100%の全てにおいて、ケンペロールを摂取した方がケンペロールを摂取しない場合に比べて、酸素利用量は増加したことが確認された。
酸素消費効率を下式により算出した。
酸素消費効率(VO2/VE)=酸素利用量/換気量
図2に示されるとおり、単回摂取後および連続摂取後共に、ケンペロールを摂取した方がケンペロールを摂取しない場合に比べて、酸素消費効率(VO2/VE)の増加が認められた。
漸増負荷運動開始時から1分毎の換気量とVO2を利用して酸素摂取効率勾配(OUES)を算出した。具体的には横軸に「換気量(VE)のlog値」、縦軸に「VO2」をプロットした直線性のグラフを得、その一次関数グラフの傾きをOUESとする。詳しくは非特許文献5を参照。
図3に示されるとおり、単回摂取後および連続摂取後共に、ケンペロールを摂取した方がケンペロールを摂取しない場合に比べて、酸素摂取効率勾配(OUES)は増加し、漸増負荷運動の間を通して酸素が効率良く利用できたことが確認された。
図4に示すとおり、単回摂取後および連続摂取後共に、ケンペロールを摂取した方がケンペロールを摂取しない場合に比べて、最大酸素利用量(VO2peak)(mL/min/kg)は増加した。
図5に示すとおり、単回摂取後および連続摂取後共に、ケンペロールを摂取した方がケンペロールを摂取しない場合に比べて、最大運動負荷量(ペダルの重さ(watt))は増加した。
階段を上る際およびジョギング時の酸素利用量(VO2)は一般にそれぞれ14mL/min/kgおよび24.5mL/min/kgであるとの報告がある。
漸増負荷運動において、酸素利用量(VO2)が階段の上りおよびジョギングにそれぞれ相当する14mL/min/kgおよび24.5mL/min/kgのときの運動強度(%HR)と自覚運動強度(RPE)を評価した。
酸素利用量(VO2)および運動強度(%HR)の算出方法は上記と同じである。
自覚運動強度(RPE)は、下記の表に従って漸増負荷運動開始時から1分間隔で被験者が評価し、各被験者の回答値を平均して算出した。
図6-1および6-2に示すとおり、階段を上る際およびジョギング時に相当する酸素利用量(VO2)の両方において、単回摂取後および連続摂取後共に、ケンペロールを摂取した方がケンペロールを摂取しない場合に比べて、運動強度および自覚運動強度は低下した。
漸増負荷運動の前と後(運動後約 1 分以内)に横方向動体視力(DVA)および奥行方向動体視力(KVA)を測定して、動体視力への影響を調べた。
測定機器:
動体視力計 HI-10Dynamic Vision Tester(興和株式会社)
測定方法:
被験者を中心として円弧上を水平に移動するランドルト氏環の視認しうる最も速いスピードを測定した。目標物は回転するごとに自動的に徐々に減速していき、ランドルト氏環の切れ目が分かったとき、被験者は手元のスイッチを押し、切れ目の方向(上下左右)を答えさせた。デジタル表示されたそのときの回転数を記録用紙に記載し、検査成績とした。結果を図7に示す。
馬血清により分化させたC2C12骨格筋細胞を得、種々の化合物(最終濃度20μM)あるいは陰性対照としてジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)を添加し、低酸素インキュベータ(3%O2)にて24時間培養後、細胞中のATP含量を東洋ビーネット(株)製キット(ルシフェラーゼ発光法)を用いて定量した。
活性値はDMSO添加サンプルのATP含量を100%としたときの%値にて表示した。
結果を図8に示す。
9週齢雄性SDラットに対して、ケンペロール(KMP;1.0mg/kg体重)、またはケンペロール 3-O-グルコシド(K3G;KMPアグリコン換算値として0.1、0.2または1mg/kg体重)を毎朝9時に1日1回、8日間連続経口投与した(酸素21%で飼育した)。投与8日目に、Cont群は酸素21%に1時間暴露した後、それ以外の群は酸素濃度12%に1時間暴露した後、ヒラメ筋(Sol)、全脳を摘出し、組織中のATP含量を測定した。
結果を図9-1~-2に示す。
健常成人男性13名に対して、ケンペロール含有カプセル状食品:SNR14(ケンペロールとして10mgを含む)およびプラセボカプセル状食品:Placebo(ケンペロールを含まない)を試験食品として、単回摂取、2群2期クロスオーバー比較試験を行った。
試験食品摂取から3時間後に400mを全力疾走し、90分のインターバルの後、再度、400mを全力疾走した。疾走中は呼吸回数および心拍数をモニターした。
電子式スパイロメータ オートスパイロ(ミナト医科学株式会社)を用いて、400m疾走前後に呼気筋力を最大口腔内圧法により測定した。立位にて3回深呼吸をさせ、限界まで息を吸わせた後、鼻からの空気漏れを防ぎながら測定用マウスピースに全力で息を吐かせることで呼気筋力を測定した。
ケンペロール含有食品は、「楽」、「回復が早い」などの体感を伴いつつ、運動パフォーマンスを向上しうる。
Claims (17)
- 該運動効率向上が持久力の向上である、請求項1に記載の運動効率向上組成物。
- 該運動効率向上が息切れ軽減である、請求項1に記載の運動効率向上組成物。
- 該ケンペロール類縁体の配糖体が、式I中、
R1、R2、R4、およびR6の少なくとも1つが-OR7、-OR7R8、または-OR7R8R9から独立して選択され;
R7がグルコース残基であり;および
R8およびR9がグルコース残基、マンノース残基、ガラクトース残基、フコース残基、ラムノース残基、アラビノース残基、キシロース残基、フルクトース残基、グルクロン酸残基、またはアピオース残基から独立して選択される;
請求項1~5のいずれか1つに記載の組成物。 - 該ケンペロール類縁体またはその配糖体が、ケンペロールまたはケンペロール 3-O-グルコシドである、請求項1~7のいずれか1つに記載の組成物。
- 該ケンペロール類縁体またはその配糖体を、ケンペロール類縁体換算値として0.1mg~200mg含有することを特徴とする、請求項1~8のいずれか1つに記載の組成物。
- 該ケンペロール類縁体またはその配糖体を、ケンペロール類縁体換算値として0.5mg~100mg含有することを特徴とする、請求項1~9のいずれか1つに記載の組成物。
- 該ケンペロール類縁体またはその配糖体が、1回あたりケンペロール類縁体換算値として0.1mg~200mg投与されることを特徴とする、請求項1~10のいずれか1つに記載の組成物。
- 該ケンペロール類縁体またはその配糖体が、1回あたりケンペロール類縁体換算値として0.5mg~100mg投与されることを特徴とする、請求項1~11のいずれか1つに記載の組成物。
- 該ケンペロール類縁体またはその配糖体が、1日あたりケンペロール類縁体換算値として0.1mg~600mg投与されることを特徴とする、請求項1~12のいずれか1つに記載の組成物。
- 該ケンペロール類縁体またはその配糖体が、1日あたりケンペロール類縁体換算値として0.5mg~200mg投与されることを特徴とする、請求項1~13のいずれか1つに記載の組成物。
- 低酸素状態である対象に投与されることを特徴とする、請求項1~14のいずれか1つに記載の組成物。
- 飲食品である、請求項1~15のいずれか1つに記載の組成物。
- 医薬組成物である、請求項1~15のいずれか1つに記載の組成物。
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- 2018-08-30 EP EP18851739.5A patent/EP3677262A4/en active Pending
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- 2018-08-30 BR BR112020003933-0A patent/BR112020003933A2/pt unknown
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EP3677262A1 (en) | 2020-07-08 |
AU2018327188B2 (en) | 2024-08-08 |
MX2024008437A (es) | 2024-07-19 |
TWI845480B (zh) | 2024-06-21 |
AU2018327188A1 (en) | 2020-03-19 |
BR112020003933A2 (pt) | 2020-09-08 |
WO2019043846A1 (ja) | 2019-03-07 |
AU2024216546A1 (en) | 2024-09-19 |
EP3677262A4 (en) | 2021-05-26 |
CA3073804A1 (en) | 2019-03-07 |
JP7372149B2 (ja) | 2023-10-31 |
CN111032037A (zh) | 2020-04-17 |
JP2023126878A (ja) | 2023-09-12 |
US20240325348A1 (en) | 2024-10-03 |
US20210228540A1 (en) | 2021-07-29 |
JPWO2019044964A1 (ja) | 2020-10-08 |
TW201912154A (zh) | 2019-04-01 |
MX2020002321A (es) | 2020-10-05 |
US12048683B2 (en) | 2024-07-30 |
KR20200050980A (ko) | 2020-05-12 |
SG11202001653QA (en) | 2020-03-30 |
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