WO2019044736A1 - コリバクチンおよびコリバクチン産生菌の検出方法および検出プローブ - Google Patents
コリバクチンおよびコリバクチン産生菌の検出方法および検出プローブ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019044736A1 WO2019044736A1 PCT/JP2018/031489 JP2018031489W WO2019044736A1 WO 2019044736 A1 WO2019044736 A1 WO 2019044736A1 JP 2018031489 W JP2018031489 W JP 2018031489W WO 2019044736 A1 WO2019044736 A1 WO 2019044736A1
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- IWSOXHMIRLSLKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C(Nc(cc1)cc(O2)c1C(C)=CC2=O)=O)N Chemical compound CC(C(Nc(cc1)cc(O2)c1C(C)=CC2=O)=O)N IWSOXHMIRLSLKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHIYGXUMMKMMMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C(Nc(cc1)cc(O2)c1C(C)=CC2=O)=O)NC(OC(C)(C)C)=O Chemical compound CC(C(Nc(cc1)cc(O2)c1C(C)=CC2=O)=O)NC(OC(C)(C)C)=O XHIYGXUMMKMMMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INLFBGKDMSPYOE-XLLULAGJSA-N C[C@@H](C(Nc(cc1)cc(O2)c1C(C)=CC2=O)=O)NC(C(CC(N)=O)NC(C)=O)=O Chemical compound C[C@@H](C(Nc(cc1)cc(O2)c1C(C)=CC2=O)=O)NC(C(CC(N)=O)NC(C)=O)=O INLFBGKDMSPYOE-XLLULAGJSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a detection probe for detecting colibactin and colibactin producing bacteria.
- Kolibactin is known as a causative agent of colon cancer and is produced in the intestine by a specific group of E. coli. Kolibactin is thought to be active in cleaving DNA in animal cells, and it has also been reported that Kolibactin-producing bacteria have been detected in 67% of colon patients and 40% of inflammatory bowel disease patients.
- Non-patent Document 1 the structure of myristoyl asparagine as a prodrug motif for colibactin and detection by LC-MS have been reported (Non-patent Document 1). To date, the chemical structure of Koribactin has not been determined.
- the present invention provides methods and probes for detecting Koribactin and Koribactin-producing bacteria.
- the present inventors have found that, using myristoyl asparagine, which is a prodrug motif of colibactin, colibactin and colibactin-producing bacteria can be detected from fecal samples (particularly dry fecal samples) and colorectal cancer tissue samples.
- the present inventors have also succeeded in synthesizing a fluorescent probe that detects Kolibactin producing bacteria.
- the present inventors have further found that the colibactin producing enzyme ClbP can be detected from a stool sample (in particular, a dried stool sample) or a colon cancer tissue sample by these fluorescent probes.
- various fluorescent probes for detecting ClbP can be designed. The present invention is based on such findings.
- composition according to [7] which is intended for a tissue sample or a stool sample.
- tissue sample or stool sample is a human tissue sample or stool sample.
- a method for detecting the presence of colibactin or colibactin producing E. coli in a biological sample comprising: Detecting the presence or absence of myristoyl asparagine in a biological sample.
- the biological sample is a tissue sample or a stool sample.
- the biological sample is human.
- FIG. 1 is a chromatogram by liquid chromatography in which myristoyl asparagine, which is cleaved from Koribactin when Kolibactin is produced from a prodrug of Kolibactin, is detected in a dried fecal sample.
- FIG. 2 shows that the fluorescent probe of the present invention exhibited fluorescence in a ClbP-dependent manner in a dried stool sample.
- FIG. 3 shows that the fluorescent probe of the present invention exhibited fluorescence in a probe dependent on the colibactin-producing bacteria in a dried stool sample.
- FIG. 4 shows the results of detection of E. coli isolated from human colon tissue samples by the probe of the present invention.
- the vertical axis shows the fluorescence intensity by the probe I
- the horizontal axis shows each sample.
- the upper part of FIG. 4 shows the fluorescence intensity of the probe I with respect to the sample confirmed by the PCR method to contain the colibactin positive bacteria
- the lower part of FIG. 4 shows the probe for the sample confirmed by the PCR method not containing the colibactin positive bacteria
- the fluorescence intensity of I is shown.
- the leftmost bars at the top and bottom of FIG. 4 are positive controls, and next to them are negative controls.
- FIG. 5 shows the fluorescence intensity of probe I on a culture obtained by culturing E. coli isolated from a human stool sample.
- the vertical axis shows the fluorescence intensity by the probe I
- the horizontal axis shows each sample.
- FIG. 6 shows the detection of a colibactin biosynthesis gene using a frozen human colon cancer tissue sample and a colon normal tissue sample of the same patient, and the colibactin biosynthesis gene in a bacterium obtained by culturing the homogenate of the tissue sample. The percentage of positive bacteria is shown.
- FIG. 7 shows the results of detection of myristoyl-D-asparagine in bacterial cultures obtained by culturing.
- colibactin is known as a molecule involved in the development of colon cancer, and it has been known from biochemical analysis that it is a low molecular weight compound produced by a specific E. coli in enteric E. coli. However, its detailed chemical structure has not been clarified yet. On the other hand, colibactin is synthesized as an inactive prodrug in E. coli, and in the periplasm of E. coli, the prodrug motif is removed by intramolecular cleavage, thereby producing colibactin extracellularly in E. coli.
- colibactin producer is meant a bacterium that produces koribactin. In the gut, a specific group of Escherichia coli is known to produce colibactin, but not all mammals (especially humans) carry colibactin-producing bacteria. It is known that Kolibactin producing bacteria have Kolibactin polyketide synthesis gene cluster on the genome. The Kolibactin polyketide synthesis gene cluster encodes a protein involved in the biosynthesis pathway of Kolibactin.
- ClbP is one of the genes present in the colibactin polyketide synthesis gene cluster (eg, GenBank accession No .: AM229678.1).
- the ClbP gene encodes, for example, a protein registered in GenBank: CAJ76284.1.
- the protein encoded by ClbP has a property as a peptidase, and cleaves a peptide bond (amide bond) that links the target molecule Koribactin prodrug Koribactin and myristoyl asparagine.
- ClbP is expressed in the periplasm of E. coli, and is considered to convert the colibactin prodrug into colibactin in the periplasm.
- fluorescing in a ClbP-dependent manner means that, when hydrolysis is caused intramolecularly by a protein encoded by the ClbP gene, thereby acquiring fluorescence.
- to obtain fluorescence means that excitation light of a specific wavelength comes to emit fluorescence of a specific wavelength.
- obtaining fluorescence depending on the excitation light of a specific wavelength, those which do not emit fluorescence of a specific wavelength or are below the detection threshold will have fluorescence above the detection threshold Used in a sense that
- a "subject” is a warm-blooded animal and may be a bird or a mammal.
- mammals for example, primates such as monkeys, chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans, bonobos and humans, or for example, domestic animals such as pigs, cows, horses, goats and sheep, or pets such as dogs and There is a cat.
- the birds include, for example, chickens.
- "patient” or "person” when referring to a subject as “patient” or “person” is a term directed to human and non-human warm-blooded animals.
- the subject may preferably be a healthy individual, a patient with inflammatory bowel disease, a patient suspected of having inflammatory bowel disease, a colon cancer patient, or a patient suspected of having colon cancer.
- fecal sample means a sample comprising feces excreted from a subject.
- a stool sample is a sample that is usually excreted via the anus.
- the fecal sample may be a dried or lyophilised sample.
- the stool sample may be in a ground form (eg, in powder form).
- fluorescent dye refers to a chemical that can be excited by excitation light of a specific wavelength and emit light (fluorescent light) of another specific wavelength.
- fluorescent probe refers to a compound that emits fluorescence at a specific wavelength under certain conditions or a compound that increases its fluorescence intensity. Therefore, in the present specification, a compound that cleaves and fluoresces in a ClbP-dependent manner is called a fluorescent probe.
- Myristoyl asparagine has the following structure:
- myristoyl asparagine has a structure in which the carboxyl group of myristic acid and the amino group of asparagine are linked by an amide bond.
- Koribactin prodrugs have a structure in which Koribactin and myristoyl asparagine (prodrug motif) are linked via an amide bond.
- the coumarin-based fluorescent dye has the following basic skeleton (hereinafter, also referred to as "coumarin skeleton").
- the above compound hardly emits fluorescence as it is, but when an electron donating group is introduced at the 7-position of the coumarin skeleton, it exhibits strong absorbance and emits fluorescence.
- a strong fluorescent dye can be obtained by introducing an electron donating group having a high electron donating property at the 7-position.
- myristoyl asparagine can be linked to the amino group such that the electron donating property of the electron donating group at the 7-position (amino group) is lowered.
- the electron donating property of the electron donating group at position 7 of the coumarin based fluorescent dye can be reduced.
- a compound in which the carboxyl group of myristoyl asparagine is linked to another compound via an amide bond is recognized by the enzyme encoded by ClbP, and cleaved to myristoyl asparagine and the other compound at the amide bond.
- a compound in which the carboxyl group of myristoyl aspartic acid and the amino group at position 7 of the coumarin skeleton of the coumarin-based fluorescent dye are linked by an amide bond can be recognized by the enzyme encoded by ClbP. It exhibits fluorescence in a ClbP-dependent manner. Therefore, such compounds can be used for detection of the enzyme encoded by ClbP, detection of the colibactin biosynthesis gene cluster, detection of colibactin producing E. coli, and / or detection of colibactin.
- the present invention provides a compound in which the amino group of a compound having an amino group at the 7 position of the coumarin skeleton of a coumarin-based fluorescent dye and the carboxyl group of myristoyl asparagine are linked by an amide bond, and a fluorescent probe containing the compound.
- the coumarin skeleton is methyl optionally substituted at the 4-position (eg, -CH 3 , -CN, -CH 2 OH, methyl substituted by 1 to 3 halogens, such as -CF 3 and -CH 2 Br Etc.). Examples of such a compound include the following compounds.
- naphthalimide fluorescent dyes can be similarly used to design compounds or probes that emit fluorescence in a ClbP-dependent manner.
- R is naphthalimide skeleton, in particular such as but not limited, substituted optionally alkyl also a C 1-6, optionally substituted in a C 1-6 alkenyl, optionally substituted C 1-6 May be alkynyl.
- naphthalimide fluorescent dye a compound having an amino group at the 4-position of the naphthalene ring and having the amino group and the carboxyl group of myristoyl asparagine linked by an amide bond is cleaved at the amide bond moiety depending on ClbP.
- Naphthalimide fluorescent dyes that are fluorescent include the following compounds.
- naphthalene substituted with an amino group, pyrene substituted with an amino group, and anthracene substituted with an amino group also depend on ClbP by connecting the carboxyl group of myristoyl asparagine with the amino group via an amide bond. It is possible to cleave at an amide bond and to generate a fluorescent probe.
- Naphthalene, pyrene and anthracene may have an amino group which preferably forms an amide bond at its 2-position.
- such compounds include the following compounds.
- rhodamine fluorescent dyes when an electron donating group (for example, an amino group) is present at position 3 and 9 of the xanthene skeleton of the rhodamine fluorescent dye, the compound emits strong fluorescence and reduces the electron donating properties of these electron donating groups Thus, the fluorescence can be reduced. Therefore, any one or all of the amino groups of the rhodamine-based fluorescent dye having an amino group at position 3 and / or 9 of the xanthene skeleton, the carboxyl group of myristoyl asparagine and the amino group are linked by an amide bond In this case, it is possible to cleave at an amide bond in a ClbP-dependent manner and to generate a fluorescent probe.
- an electron donating group for example, an amino group
- a compound can be provided in which each of the amino groups of a rhodamine-based fluorescent dye having an amino group at the 3rd and 9th positions of the xanthene skeleton and the carboxyl group of myristoyl asparagine are linked by an amide bond.
- examples of such a compound include the following compounds.
- Bodipy has a Bodipy mother core structure (4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a, 4a-diaza-s-indacene) shown below.
- the compound in which the amino group of the Bodipy fluorescent dye having an amino group at position 1 and / or 7 of the mother nucleus and the carboxyl group of myristoyl asparagine are linked by an amide bond is cleaved at the amide bond moiety depending on ClbP.
- a probe that emits fluorescence As such a compound, for example, a compound having the following structure is mentioned.
- a compound having the following structure may be cleaved at the amide bond in a ClbP-dependent manner, and may be a probe that emits fluorescence.
- a compound having the following structure is mentioned.
- the fluorescence due to the coumarin skeleton is quenched with PET at the pyridine ring in the molecule, but by cleaving with ClbP, the coumarin-based fluorescent dye is designed to be released to emit fluorescence.
- a dye having a phenolic fluorescent group (oFlu) that emits fluorescence due to the free hydroxyl group such as TokyoGreen may also be cleaved at the amide bond moiety in a ClbP-dependent manner, resulting in a probe that emits fluorescence.
- the following compounds are such compounds.
- the self-cleavable linker which is a linker that links the fluorochrome moiety and the myristoyl asparagine moiety
- the following linkers can be used.
- the structure shown on the left is the structure of the linker and the corresponding structure shown on the right shows the mechanism of cleavage.
- myristoyl asparagine By linking myristoyl asparagine to oFlu via such a linker, it can be cleaved at the amide bond moiety in a ClbP-dependent manner and a probe that emits fluorescence can be obtained.
- a probe that emits fluorescence In the same way, TokyoGreen, TokyoMagenta, Oregon Green, SNAFL, carboxyfluorescein, carboxyfluorescein, carboxyfluorescein diacetate, fluorescein, and fluorescein isocyanate (FITC), and the amino group to be linked to the carboxyl group of myristoyl asparagine was replaced with a hydroxyl group
- a compound in which the hydroxyl group of a compound selected from oFlu, such as a compound, is amide-bonded to the carboxyl group of myristoyl asparagine via a self-cleavable linker may be cleaved at the amide bond moiety in a ClbP-
- the fluorescent compound or the fluorescent probe may be in the form of a salt and / or a solvate, and in addition to the free form, the form of the salt and / or a solvate is also specified by the chemical formula etc. Compounds or probes shall be included.
- the solvent includes water, ethanol and other solvents, and when the solvent is water, it is called hydrate.
- alanine when myristoyl asparagine is linked to a fluorescent dye via alanine (—NH—CH (CH 3 ) —CO—), alanine may be deleted.
- myristoyl asparagine in the case where myristoyl asparagine is directly linked to the fluorescent dye without alanine, myristoyl asparagine may be linked to the fluorescent dye via alanine. This is because the cleavage activity by the enzyme encoded by the ClbP gene allows the alanine to be mediated.
- Alanine forms an amide bond with the carboxyl group of myristoyl asparagine, and forms an amide bond with the amino group of the fluorescent dye, whereby myristoyl asparagine can be linked to the fluorescent dye.
- a fluorescent probe comprising the above-mentioned compound.
- a colivactin producing microorganism comprising the above-mentioned compound or a fluorescent probe, for detecting a microorganism having a colibactin biosynthesis gene cluster, and / or detecting a colibactin
- a composition for use in the present invention is provided. These compositions are for use in detecting Kolibactin producing microorganisms in fecal samples, for use in detecting microorganisms having the Koribactin biosynthesis gene cluster, and / or for detecting Kolibactin (or Koribactin's It can be a composition for use in estimating the presence.
- the probe of the present invention is cleaved in the presence of the enzyme encoded by the ClbP gene to fluoresce. Therefore, the probe of the present invention can be used to evaluate the presence or absence of the enzyme encoded by the ClbP gene in the contacted sample, using the intensity of its fluorescence as an indicator, or to evaluate the presence or absence of colibactin positive bacteria.
- the fluorescence intensity for the sample to be evaluated may be evaluated in comparison to the fluorescence intensity of the inventive probe.
- the fluorescence intensity when the fluorescence intensity is higher than the average value, the third quartile value, or the first quartile value of the fluorescence intensity of the probe of the present invention for samples obtained respectively from a group of patients in which Koribactin-positive bacteria are detected
- the sample to be evaluated may be evaluated as containing Kolibactin positive bacteria.
- Koribactin when the fluorescence intensity is lower than the first quartile value of the fluorescence intensity of the probe of the present invention for each of the samples obtained from the patient group in which Koribactin-positive bacteria are detected, Koribactin It may be evaluated that no positive bacteria are contained.
- the fluorescence intensity is higher than the average, the third quartile, or the first quartile of the fluorescence intensity of the probe of the present invention for each of the samples obtained from the patient group in which Koribactin-positive bacteria were not detected. If it is low, the sample to be evaluated may be evaluated as containing no colibactin positive bacteria. Also, for example, when the fluorescence intensity of the probe of the present invention for each of the samples obtained from a group of patients in which Koribactin-positive bacteria are not detected is higher in fluorescence intensity, the sample to be evaluated is It may be evaluated that it contains Kolibactin positive bacteria.
- the threshold is, for example, a numerical value between the maximum value and the third quartile value of the fluorescence intensity of the probe of the present invention for each of the samples obtained from the patient group in which Koribactin-positive bacteria are detected.
- which may be any value between the maximum value and the mean value, and may be any value between the maximum value and the first quartile value, the mean value and the third quartile It can be any number between the values, it can be any number between the mean value and the first quartile value, or the third quartile value and the first quartile value It may be any numerical value in between.
- the threshold may be, for example, the maximum, the first quartile, the mean, and the third quartile of the fluorescence intensity of the probe of the present invention for each of the samples obtained from the patient group in which Koribactin-positive bacteria were detected. Any one between the maximum value or the third quartile of the fluorescence intensity of the probe of the present invention for one sample selected from the group consisting of It may be a numeric value. And, when the fluorescence intensity of the probe relative to the measured sample is higher than the threshold value, it can be evaluated that the sample contains or is likely to contain Kolibactin-positive bacteria, and / or If it is lower than the threshold value, it can be evaluated that the sample does not contain or is likely to contain the colibactin positive bacteria.
- the threshold value is, for example, any value between the maximum value and the third quartile value of the fluorescence intensity of the probe of the present invention for each of the samples obtained from the patient group in which Koribactin-positive bacteria were not detected. May be any value between the maximum and the mean value, any value between the maximum and the first quartile value, the mean value and the third quartile value And any numerical value between the mean and the first quartile value, or between the third quartile value and the first quartile value It may be any numerical value of Alternatively, the threshold value may be, for example, the maximum value, the first quartile, the average value, and the third quartile of the fluorescence intensity of the probe of the present invention for each sample obtained from a group of patients in whom Koribactin positive bacteria were not detected Any one of the lowest value or the first quartile value of the fluorescence intensity of the probe of the present invention to one sample selected from the group consisting of the samples and the samples respectively obtained from the patient groups in which Koribactin-positive bacteria were detected
- the fluorescence intensity of the probe relative to the measured sample is higher than the threshold value, it can be evaluated that the sample contains or is likely to contain Kolibactin-positive bacteria, and / or If it is lower than the threshold value, it can be evaluated that the sample does not contain or is likely to contain the colibactin positive bacteria.
- the threshold value can be, for example, the maximum value of the fluorescence intensity of the probe of the present invention with respect to the samples obtained respectively from the patient group in which no colibactin positive bacteria were detected. And, when the fluorescence intensity of the probe relative to the measured sample is higher than the threshold value, it can be evaluated that the sample contains or is likely to contain Kolibactin-positive bacteria, and / or If it is lower than the threshold value, it can be evaluated that the sample does not contain or is likely to contain the colibactin positive bacteria.
- the threshold value can be, for example, the lowest value of the fluorescence intensity of the probe of the present invention with respect to the samples obtained respectively from the patient group in which the colibactin positive bacteria are detected. And, when the fluorescence intensity of the probe relative to the measured sample is higher than the threshold value, it can be evaluated that the sample contains or is likely to contain Kolibactin-positive bacteria, and / or If it is lower than the threshold value, it can be evaluated that the sample does not contain or is likely to contain the colibactin positive bacteria.
- the threshold value may be, for example, the lowest value of the fluorescence intensity of the probe of the present invention for each of the samples obtained from the group of patients in which Koribactin-positive bacteria were detected and the sample obtained from each group of patients in which It can be any value between the maximum value of the fluorescence intensity of the probe of the present invention for.
- the fluorescence intensity of the probe relative to the measured sample is higher than the threshold value, it can be evaluated that the sample contains or is likely to contain Kolibactin-positive bacteria, and / or If it is lower than the threshold value, it can be evaluated that the sample does not contain or is likely to contain the colibactin positive bacteria.
- the false positive rate decreases while the false negative rate increases, and if the threshold decreases, the false positive rate increases while the false negative rate increases. It can be understood that it decreases, which will allow to set the threshold according to the purpose at that time.
- a method of predicting the presence of colibactin or colibactin producing E. coli in a biological sample comprising: A method is provided, comprising detecting the presence or absence of myristoyl asparagine in a biological sample.
- the biological sample is a fecal sample, for example a human fecal sample.
- the biological sample is a tissue sample comprising cancer tissue or tissue suspected of being a cancer, eg, a human tissue sample ⁇ wherein the tissue sample is a frozen sample May be ⁇ .
- myristoyl asparagine was detected means that the active form of colibactin was produced from the inactive form of the prodrug. Accordingly, detection of myristoyl asparagine in a biological sample means that the biological sample contains colibactin.
- the fact that Koribactin is contained in the biological sample indicates that the Kolibactin-producing bacteria (for example, E.
- the fact that myristoyl asparagine was detected in a stool sample by the method of the present invention means that colibactin and / or colibactin-producing bacteria (for example, E. coli) are present in the large intestine of a subject (for example, human) from which the biological sample is derived. Indicates to do. Koribactin is known as a cause of colorectal cancer.
- the methods of the present invention can be used to determine whether a subject (eg, a human) has a predisposition for suffering from colorectal cancer.
- the method of the present invention may be a method that does not include medical practice for a human by a doctor (ie, an industrially available method).
- fecal samples may be cultured under conditions suitable for growth of E. coli and subsequently analyzed.
- the detection sensitivity of colibactin and colibactin-producing bacteria is improved.
- the isolation of Koribactin positive bacteria is not essential.
- a method of predicting the presence of colibactin or colibactin producing E. coli in a biological sample comprising: A method is provided, comprising detecting the presence or absence of the enzyme activity of an enzyme encoded by ClbP in a biological sample.
- the presence or absence of the enzyme activity of the enzyme encoded by ClbP can be determined using a fluorescent compound or a fluorescent probe that cleaves in a ClbP-dependent manner to acquire fluorescence.
- the activity of the enzyme encoded by ClbP could also be detected using a fecal sample, in particular a dried fecal sample.
- the biological sample can be a stool sample or a dried stool sample.
- Example 1 Detection of Kolibactin This example attempted to detect Koribactin from a biological sample.
- Koribactin is a chemical substance of unknown structure. It is known that colibactin is produced as a prodrug in the cells of E. coli having a colibactin production system. This colibactin prodrug is cleaved into myristoyl asparagine (prodrug motif) and colibactin by an enzyme on the inner membrane in the periplasm of E. coli to produce active colibactin. In this example, it was attempted to detect a prodrug motif in a biological sample.
- human feces (23 cases) collected from a volunteer with no lesion in the large intestine was used as a biological sample.
- E. coli genomic DNA was extracted from a stool sample and purified. Thereafter, in order to confirm whether or not E. coli having a colibactin production system is present in the sample, the clbA gene, the clbJ gene and the clbQ gene among the genes of the colibactin biosynthesis gene cluster are amplified by PCR, and the presence or absence is confirmed did.
- the primers used for amplification of each gene were as follows: clbA forward primer GTTCAATATCGACACCAAGCTCGCAGT clbA reverse primer ACCCGTTATCTCTGCGTGAAGACAAGTATTG clbJ forward primer TGGCCTGTATTGAAAGAGCACCGTT clbJ reverse primer AATGGGAACGGTTGATGACGATGCT clbQ forward primer CTGTGTCTTACGATGGTGGATGCCG clbQ reverse primer GCATTACCAGATTGTCAGCATCGCC Among the 23 cases, amplification of the clbA gene, the clbJ gene and the clbQ gene was confirmed in 2 cases, and it was shown that E. coli having the colibactin biosynthesis gene cluster was present in feces.
- prodrug motifs were extracted and purified from feces according to the following procedure, and subjected to LC-MS. Specifically, about 40 mg of stool after drying was suspended in milliQ water. Then, 800 ⁇ L of ethyl acetate was added and stirred. After centrifuging at 4 ° C. for 10 minutes, the ethyl acetate layer was collected and further centrifuged. The precipitate was dissolved in 50 ⁇ L of DMF, further centrifuged, and the supernatant was subjected to LC-MS analysis (Q Exactive). When a cell sample is used, 10 mL of ethyl acetate was added to E.
- E. coli DH5 ⁇ was used as a negative control
- Nissle 1917 was used as a positive control
- E. coli isolated as confirmed to encode the colibactin biosynthesis gene was used as a cell culture sample. The results were as shown in FIG.
- Example 2 Design of a Probe for Detecting Escherichia coli Having a Colibactin Production System
- a probe capable of detecting E. coli having a colibactin production system was designed.
- a compound (probe 1) having a structure in which a carboxyl group of myristoyl asparagine was linked to an amino group of a fluorescent dye aminomethyl coumarin (AMC) by an amide bond was designed and synthesized.
- the electron donating property of the amino group at position 7 of AMC is lowered by the linkage of myristoyl asparagine, and does not emit fluorescence.
- the peptide binding portion is cleaved by the enzyme encoded by the ClbP gene of the colibactin biosynthesis gene cluster to generate AMC which is a fluorescent dye, the presence or absence of the enzyme encoded by ClbP can be determined by fluorescence. This can be a probe for detecting the colibactin biosynthesis gene cluster.
- Example 3 Detection of Escherichia coli having a colibactin production system in a biological sample
- Example 1 As a biological sample, feces of a patient who was found to have the colibactin biosynthesis gene cluster in Example 1 was used.
- Lyophilized feces (4 samples obtained from different human subjects) are suspended in 200 ⁇ l of 10 cups of Saji (estimated 40 mg), in milliQ water, and probe 20 in 20 mM DMSO at a final concentration of 20 ⁇ M. The solution was added to give (final concentration of DMSO 0.1%). Thereafter, it was shaken at 37 ° C. and 100 rpm for 24 hours or more. After the reaction, 200 ⁇ L of the reaction solution was taken, and 200 ⁇ L of the centrifuged supernatant was directly detected at ⁇ ex 380 mm / ⁇ em 460 mm (not extracted).
- Fecal samples may be cultured under conditions suitable for growth of E. coli and then analyzed. According to this example, since the amount of colibactin-producing Escherichia coli is increased by the culture, the detection sensitivity of colibactin and colibactin-producing bacteria is improved.
- Example 4 Assay Using Cultured E. coli
- E. coli producing the colibactin could be determined from E. coli producing the colibactin and E. coli not producing the same.
- strains 1246 and 1649T were used, and as E. coli producing colibactin, strains 5263, 5491 and Nissle were used.
- Example 5 Detection of colibactin-positive bacteria from E. coli isolated from colon tissue samples
- E. coli was isolated by homogenizing human colon tissue samples in physiological saline, applying it on MacConkey plate medium, and culturing. In order to confirm whether E. coli having the colibactin production system is present in the sample, clbB is amplified using the following primers among the genes of the colibactin biosynthesis gene cluster by PCR, and colibactin is indicated using the presence or absence of the amplified fragment as an indicator It was evaluated whether it was a positive bacteria. clbB forward primer tgttccgttttgtgtgtgtgtctcagcg clbB reverse primer gtgcgctgaccattgaagatttccg
- E. coli isolated as described above from the colon tissue samples in which Koribactin-positive bacteria were detected by the above PCR method and the colon tissue specimens in which Koribactin-positive bacteria were not detected. 100 samples of each were prepared. In each well of the 96-well plate, 100 ⁇ L of LB liquid medium containing 100 ⁇ M probe (assay A) and 100 ⁇ L of LB liquid medium without probe (assay B) were dispensed. A very small amount of one E. coli strain colony on the plating medium (the extent to which it adheres to the tip of the toothpick) was added to each well of assay A and assay B.
- the fluorescence was measured after standing culture of the plate at 37 ° C. for 24 hours.
- ⁇ ex 380 mm / ⁇ em 460 mm is measured using a plate reader to determine the difference between the fluorescence intensities of assay A and assay B (background), and the threshold is 100, the ratio is 100 or more. It was judged as positive and evaluated as negative when it was less than 100.
- the vertical axis represents fluorescence intensity ( ⁇ ex 380 mm / ⁇ em 460 mm), and the horizontal axis represents each sample.
- the probe I detected Koribactin positive bacteria with 100% accuracy, and the ratio (false positive rate) judged negative bacteria as positive was less than 1%.
- the leftmost bars in the upper and lower portions of FIG. 4 are positive controls, and the bars next to them are negative controls. From this result, it was confirmed that the probe of the present invention is useful in the detection of Koribactin positive bacteria.
- Probe I can be applied to a culture obtained by dissolving a fecal sample in water and then culturing it to detect Koribactin-positive bacteria. It was confirmed.
- Fecal samples obtained from humans were dissolved in water, applied to a plate containing MacConkey medium, and cultured at 37 ° C. for 12 hours.
- the obtained reddish purple colonies were inoculated in LB liquid medium containing 100 ⁇ M of probe I, cultured for 24 hours, and fluorescence ( ⁇ ex 380 mm / ⁇ em 460 mm) was measured with a plate reader.
- fluorescence ⁇ ex 380 mm / ⁇ em 460 mm
- Probe I was able to detect Koribactin-positive bacteria present in stool samples with high sensitivity and high accuracy.
- Example 7 Detection of Koribactin-positive bacteria in cancer patient tissues stored in a frozen state
- Koribactin is produced by PCR for tissues including colon cancer tissues stored in a frozen state and their surrounding tissues. Synthetic genes were examined. Thereafter, the tissue homogenizing solution was cultured, and myristoyl-D-asparagine contained in the obtained culture was quantified.
- the colibactin biosynthesis gene was detected in 8 samples (57.1%) in cancer tissues and in 1 sample (7.1%) in normal tissues among all 14 subjects-derived samples (see FIG. 6).
- the homogenized solution derived from the above-mentioned tissue was applied to MacConkey agar medium to obtain a culturable bacteria obtained therefrom.
- the presence or absence of the colibactin biosynthesis gene in the obtained colonies was confirmed by the colony PCR method, and it was found that 36 out of 220 colonies derived from cancer tissues were positive for the colibactin biosynthesis gene (16.4) %) (See FIG. 6).
- 103 colonies derived from normal tissue only one colony was positive for colibactin biosynthesis gene (0.9%).
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Abstract
Description
[1]以下に示される、化合物または蛍光プローブ:
(A)クマリン骨格の7位にアミノ基を有するクマリン系蛍光色素の当該アミノ基とミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブ;
(B)ナフタルイミド骨格の4位にアミノ基を有するナフタルイミド系蛍光色素の当該アミノ基とミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブ;
(C)2位にアミノ基を有するナフタレン、ピレンまたはアントラセンの当該アミノ基とミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブ;
(D)キサンテン骨格の3位および/または9位にアミノ基を有するローダミン系蛍光色素の当該アミノ基の一部または全部のそれぞれとミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブ;
(E)Bodipy母核の1位および/または7位にアミノ基を有するBodipy系蛍光色素の当該アミノ基の一部または全部のそれぞれとミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブ;
(F)上記(A)~(E)において、前記カルボキシル基と前記アミノ基とがアラニン(-NH-CH(CH3)-CO-)で連結された化合物(それぞれアラニンとアミド結合を形成する)または蛍光プローブ;
(G)ミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基と水酸基がフリーになることで蛍光性となる蛍光基であるoFluの水酸基とが、自己開裂性リンカーを介して連結した化合物であって、自己開裂性リンカーは、ミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とアミド結合で連結しており、当該アミド結合が加水分解されると、分解してoFluの水酸基をフリーにする、化合物または蛍光プローブ;および
(H)ミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とアミド結合により連結した蛍光色素を有する化合物であって、アミド結合がClbP依存的に開裂すると、その後、蛍光を発する、化合物または蛍光プローブ
からなる群から選択される、化合物または蛍光プローブ。
[2]上記[1]に記載の化合物または蛍光プローブであって、
(A)クマリン骨格の7位にアミノ基を有するクマリン系蛍光色素の当該アミノ基とミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブである、化合物または蛍光プローブ。
[3]上記[1]に記載の化合物または蛍光プローブであって、
(B)ナフタルイミド骨格の4位にアミノ基を有するナフタルイミド系蛍光色素の当該アミノ基とミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブである、化合物または蛍光プローブ。
[4]上記[1]に記載の化合物または蛍光プローブであって、
(C)2位にアミノ基を有するナフタレン、ピレンまたはアントラセンの当該アミノ基とミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブである、化合物または蛍光プローブ。
[5]上記[1]に記載の化合物または蛍光プローブであって、
(D)キサンテン骨格の3位および/または9位にアミノ基を有するローダミン系蛍光色素の当該アミノ基の一部または全部のそれぞれとミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブである、化合物または蛍光プローブ。
[6]上記[1]に記載の化合物または蛍光プローブであって、
(E)Bodipy母核の1位および/または7位にアミノ基を有するBodipy系蛍光色素の当該アミノ基の一部または全部のそれぞれとミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブである、化合物または蛍光プローブ。
[7]上記[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の化合物または蛍光プローブを含む、コリバクチン産生微生物を検出することに用いるための、コリバクチン生合成遺伝子クラスターを有する微生物を検出することに用いるための、および/またはコリバクチンを検出することに用いるための組成物。
[8]組織検体または糞便試料を対象とする、上記[7]に記載の組成物。
[9]組織検体または糞便試料が、ヒトの組織検体または糞便試料である、上記[8]に記載の組成物。
[10]生体試料においてコリバクチンまたはコリバクチン産生大腸菌の存在を検出する方法であって、
生体試料中でミリストイルアスパラギンの有無を検出することを含む、方法。
[11]生体試料が、組織検体または糞便試料である、上記[10]に記載の方法。
[12]生体試料が、ヒト由来である、上記[10]または[11]に記載の方法。
従って、本発明によれば、ミリストイルアスパラギン酸のカルボキシル基とクマリン系蛍光色素のクマリン骨格の7位のアミノ基とをアミド結合で連結させた化合物は、ClbPによりコードされる酵素により認識され得、ClbP依存的に蛍光を発揮する。従って、このような化合物は、ClbPによりコードされる酵素の検出、コリバクチン生合成遺伝子クラスターの検出、コリバクチン産生大腸菌の検出、および/または、コリバクチンの検出に用いることができる。
生体試料においてコリバクチンまたはコリバクチン産生大腸菌の存在を予測する方法であって、
生体試料中でミリストイルアスパラギンの有無を検出することを含む、方法
が提供される。
生体試料においてコリバクチンまたはコリバクチン産生大腸菌の存在を予測する方法であって、
生体試料中でClbPによりコードされる酵素の酵素活性の有無を検出することを含む、方法
が提供される。
ClbPによりコードされる酵素の酵素活性の有無は、ClbP依存的に開裂して蛍光性を獲得する蛍光化合物または蛍光プローブを用いて決定することができる。
本実施例は、生体試料からのコリバクチンの検出を試みた。
各遺伝子の増幅に用いたプライマーは以下の通りであった:
clbAフォワードプライマー GTTCAATATCGACACCAAGCTCGCAGT
clbAリバースプライマー ACCCGTTATCTCTGCGTGAAAGACAAGTATTG
clbJフォワードプライマー TGGCCTGTATTGAAAGAGCACCGTT
clbJリバースプライマー AATGGGAACGGTTGATGACGATGCT
clbQフォワードプライマー CTGTGTCTTACGATGGTGGATGCCG
clbQリバースプライマー GCATTACCAGATTGTCAGCATCGCC
23例中、2例において、clbA遺伝子、clbJ遺伝子およびclbQ遺伝子の増幅が確認され、コリバクチン生合成遺伝子クラスターを有する大腸菌が糞便中に存在することが示された。
カラム条件:
ACQUITY UPLC HSS C18 Column
2.1×50mm Column
溶媒条件:
A: H2O/MeCN=95/5 (0.05% FA)
B: MeCN (0.05% FA)
HPLC条件:
(1) B 10%→50 % グラジエント(0 ~ 5 min)
(2) B 50% イソクラティック (5 ~ 7.5 min)
(3) A 100 % (7.5 ~ 11 min )
本実施例では、コリバクチン産生系を有する大腸菌を検出することができるプローブを設計した。
の反応に用いた。
本実施例では、コリバクチンを産生する大腸菌と産生しない大腸菌から、上記プローブがコリバクチンを産生する大腸菌のみを判定することができるかを検討した。
本実施例では、PCR法によりコリバクチン生合成遺伝子が検出された大腸組織検体(n=100)およびコリバクチン生合成遺伝子が検出されなかった大腸組織検体(n=100)から分離した大腸菌に対してプローブIを適用することでコリバクチン陽性菌の検出を試みた。
clbBフォワードプライマー tgttccgttttgtgtggtttcagcg
clbBリバースプライマー gtgcgctgaccattgaagatttccg
この結果から、本発明のプローブは、コリバクチン陽性菌の検出において有用であることが確認された。
本実施例では、糞便試料を水に溶解後、培養して得られた培養物に対してプローブIを適用し、コリバクチン陽性菌を検出できることを確認した。
本実施例では、凍結状態で保存されていた大腸がん組織およびその周辺組織を含む組織について、PCR法によってコリバクチン生合成遺伝子を調べた。その後、組織のホモジェナイズ液を培養し、得られた培養物に含まれるミリストイル-D-アスパラギンを定量した。
Claims (12)
- 以下に示される、化合物または蛍光プローブ:
(A)クマリン骨格の7位にアミノ基を有するクマリン系蛍光色素の当該アミノ基とミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブ;
(B)ナフタルイミド骨格の4位にアミノ基を有するナフタルイミド系蛍光色素の当該アミノ基とミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブ;
(C)2位にアミノ基を有するナフタレン、ピレンまたはアントラセンの当該アミノ基とミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブ;
(D)キサンテン骨格の3位および/または9位にアミノ基を有するローダミン系蛍光色素の当該アミノ基の一部または全部のそれぞれとミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブ;
(E)Bodipy母核の1位および/または7位にアミノ基を有するBodipy系蛍光色素の当該アミノ基の一部または全部のそれぞれとミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブ;
(F)上記(A)~(E)において、前記カルボキシル基と前記アミノ基とがアラニン(-NH-CH(CH3)-CO-)で連結された化合物(それぞれアラニンとアミド結合を形成する)または蛍光プローブ;
(G)ミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基と水酸基がフリーになることで蛍光性となる蛍光基であるoFluの水酸基とが、自己開裂性リンカーを介して連結した化合物であって、自己開裂性リンカーは、ミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とアミド結合で連結しており、当該アミド結合が加水分解されると、分解してoFluの水酸基をフリーにする、化合物または蛍光プローブ;および
(H)ミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とアミド結合により連結した蛍光色素を有する化合物であって、アミド結合がClbP依存的に開裂すると、その後、蛍光を発する、化合物または蛍光プローブ
からなる群から選択される、化合物または蛍光プローブ。 - 請求項1に記載の化合物または蛍光プローブであって、
(A)クマリン骨格の7位にアミノ基を有するクマリン系蛍光色素の当該アミノ基とミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブ
である、化合物または蛍光プローブ。 - 請求項1に記載の化合物または蛍光プローブであって、
(B)ナフタルイミド骨格の4位にアミノ基を有するナフタルイミド系蛍光色素の当該アミノ基とミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブ
である、化合物または蛍光プローブ。 - 請求項1に記載の化合物または蛍光プローブであって、
(C)2位にアミノ基を有するナフタレン、ピレンまたはアントラセンの当該アミノ基とミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブ
である、化合物または蛍光プローブ。 - 請求項1に記載の化合物または蛍光プローブであって、
(D)キサンテン骨格の3位および/または9位にアミノ基を有するローダミン系蛍光色素の当該アミノ基の一部または全部のそれぞれとミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブ
である、化合物または蛍光プローブ。 - 請求項1に記載の化合物または蛍光プローブであって、
(E)Bodipy母核の1位および/または7位にアミノ基を有するBodipy系蛍光色素の当該アミノ基の一部または全部のそれぞれとミリストイルアスパラギンのカルボキシル基とがアミド結合で連結した化合物または蛍光プローブ
である、化合物または蛍光プローブ。 - 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の化合物または蛍光プローブを含む、コリバクチン産生微生物を検出することに用いるための、コリバクチン生合成遺伝子クラスターを有する微生物を検出することに用いるための、および/またはコリバクチンを検出することに用いるための組成物。
- 組織検体または糞便試料を対象とする、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 組織検体または糞便試料が、ヒトの組織検体または糞便試料である、請求項8に記載の組成物。
- 生体試料においてコリバクチンまたはコリバクチン産生大腸菌の存在を検出する方法であって、
生体試料中でミリストイルアスパラギンの有無を検出することを含む、方法。 - 生体試料が、組織検体または糞便試料である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 生体試料が、ヒト由来である、請求項10または11に記載の方法。
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