WO2019041847A1 - 一种基于萘并硫氧芴单元的蓝光聚合物发光材料及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents

一种基于萘并硫氧芴单元的蓝光聚合物发光材料及其制备方法与应用 Download PDF

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WO2019041847A1
WO2019041847A1 PCT/CN2018/084656 CN2018084656W WO2019041847A1 WO 2019041847 A1 WO2019041847 A1 WO 2019041847A1 CN 2018084656 W CN2018084656 W CN 2018084656W WO 2019041847 A1 WO2019041847 A1 WO 2019041847A1
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应磊
王小君
钟知鸣
马亚威
郭婷
彭俊彪
曹镛
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华南理工大学
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    • C08G61/123Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds
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    • H10K50/11OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
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    • C08G2261/324Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating heteroaromatic structural elements in the main chain condensed
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  • the invention belongs to the field of organic photoelectric technology, and particularly relates to a blue polymer luminescent material based on a naphthylthiophene unit and a preparation method and application thereof.
  • the organic light-emitting device technology encounters a bottleneck problem in the development process, that is, the luminous efficiency and the service life of the light-emitting device cannot meet the practical requirements, which greatly limits the development of the OLED technology, and for each problem, various research institutions Conducting exploratory research.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a blue polymer luminescent material based on a naphthylthiophene unit for the deficiency of the existing polymer light emitting diode (PLED).
  • the sulfone group in the naphthylthiophene unit is a strong electron-withdrawing unit, which is beneficial to increase the electron affinity, promote electron injection and transport, has high fluorescence efficiency and chemical stability, and the sulfone in the naphthylthiophene unit.
  • the base is located in the side chain of the polymer and has a suitable conjugate plane, which does not cause a large red shift of the spectrum.
  • the blue polymer luminescent material based on the naphthylthiophene unit is used as a luminescent material, which is better.
  • Solubility, high fluorescence quantum yield, suitable for solution processing and inkjet printing the light-emitting device based on the luminescent layer of the material is not only efficient and stable, but also bluer saturated blue light, and at the same time realizes a higher light-emitting device.
  • the luminous efficiency and service life meet the requirements of full color display and have good development prospects.
  • Ar is any of the following structural formulas:
  • R is H, aryl, triphenylamine, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently selected from H. , D, F, CN, alkenyl, alkynyl, nitrile, amine, nitro, acyl, alkoxy, carbonyl, sulfone, alkyl having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, 3 to 30 carbon atoms A cycloalkyl group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms or an aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 60 carbon atoms.
  • a method of preparing a conjugated polymer luminescent material based on a naphthylthiophene unit comprising the steps of:
  • the naphthylthiophene unit containing R 1 and R 2 and the boronic acid ester unit containing Ar structure are subjected to Suzuki polymerization under an argon atmosphere, and then capping reaction is carried out by using phenylboronic acid and bromobenzene in sequence to obtain a solution.
  • the temperature of the Suzuki polymerization reaction is 80 to 100 ° C for 24 to 48 hours.
  • the temperature at which the capping reaction is carried out using phenylboronic acid and bromobenzene is 80 to 100 ° C, and the time is 12 to 24 hours.
  • the conjugated polymer luminescent material based on naphthylthio oxime unit is used for preparing a light-emitting layer of a light-emitting diode, and the conjugated polymer luminescent material based on naphthylthiophene unit is dissolved in an organic solvent, and then passed through Spin coating, ink jet printing or printing to form a light-emitting layer of a light-emitting diode.
  • the organic solvent includes chlorobenzene, xylene or chloroform.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the conjugated polymer luminescent material based on naphthoquinone oxysulfonium unit of the present invention has a high conjugate length, has a high fluorescence quantum yield, and ensures blue light emission with good color purity. Conducive to improving the efficiency of blue light material devices;
  • the conjugated polymer luminescent material based on naphthylthio oxime unit of the invention has good solubility, and the luminescent layer based on the polymer does not need annealing treatment when preparing the electroluminescent device, so that the preparation process is more simple.
  • Figure 1 is a thermogravimetric analysis diagram of polymers P1, P2 and P3;
  • Figure 3 is a photoluminescence spectrum of the polymers P1, P2 and P3.
  • 2,7-dibromoindole (9.7 g, 0.03 mol), benzyltriethylammonium chloride (0.07 g, 0.3 mmol), dimethyl sulfoxide 90 mL, and 45 mL of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (50 wt.
  • the mixture was stirred at room temperature to form a suspension; 1-bromo-n-octane (12.5 g, 65 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 3 hr.
  • 2,7-dibromo-9,9-dioctylfluorene (5 g, 9.12 mmol) was dissolved in 180 mL of purified THF under an argon atmosphere, and 1.6 mol.L -1 was gradually added dropwise at -78 °C.
  • tricyclohexylphosphine (6.98 mg, 24.90 ⁇ mol), then added 2 ml of tetraethylammonium hydroxide, and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C, and the reaction was carried out for 24 hours; then, 30 mg of phenylboronic acid was added for blocking, and after 12 hours, 0.3 ml of bromine was further used.
  • the benzene was capped; after the reaction was continued for 12 hours, the product was added dropwise to precipitate in methanol, stirred, filtered, and the crude product was dissolved in 20 mL of toluene, 200-300 mesh silica gel as a stationary phase, and toluene was used for washing.
  • tricyclohexylphosphine (6.98 mg, 24.90 ⁇ mol), then added 2 ml of tetraethylammonium hydroxide, and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C, and the reaction was carried out for 24 hours; then, 30 mg of phenylboronic acid was added for blocking, and after 12 hours, 0.3 ml of bromine was further used.
  • the benzene was capped; after the reaction was continued for 12 hours, the product was added dropwise to precipitate in methanol, stirred, filtered, and the crude product was dissolved in 20 mL of toluene, 200-300 mesh silica gel as a stationary phase, and toluene was used for washing.
  • tricyclohexylphosphine (6.98 mg, 24.90 ⁇ mol), then added 2 ml of tetraethylammonium hydroxide, and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C, and the reaction was carried out for 24 hours; then, 30 mg of phenylboronic acid was added for blocking, and after 12 hours, 0.3 ml of bromine was further used.
  • the benzene was capped; after the reaction was continued for 12 hours, the product was added dropwise to precipitate in methanol, stirred, filtered, and the crude product was dissolved in 20 mL of toluene, 200-300 mesh silica gel as a stationary phase, and toluene was used for washing.
  • thermogravimetric analysis of the polymers P1, P2 and P3 is shown in Fig. 1.
  • the thermal decomposition temperatures of the polymers P1, P2 and P3 are both 420 ° C, indicating that the polymers P1, P2 and P3 have a higher ratio. High thermal stability.
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • PEDOT:PSS ITO Polyethoxythiophene
  • PEDOT:PSS film was dried in a vacuum oven at 180 ° C for 10 minutes, then spin On the ITO coated with PEDOT:PSS film, spin-coated 15 nm polyvinylcarbazole (PVK), heated at 120 ° C for 10 min; then spin-coated the p-xylene solution (1 wt.%) of the polymers P1, P2 and P3, respectively.
  • PVK polyvinylcarbazole
  • the thickness is 60 nm, as a light-emitting layer; finally, a layer of 4 nm thick Ba and a 200 nm thick metal Al layer are sequentially deposited on the light-emitting layer to obtain a blue polymer luminescent material based on naphthylthiophene units. Electroluminescent device prepared by the luminescent layer.
  • the maximum efficiency of P1 is 1.39, the maximum brightness is 2450, the color coordinate is (0.171, 0.1476); the maximum efficiency of P2 is 0.43, the maximum brightness is 1825, the color coordinate is (0.1682, 0.1101); the maximum of P3 The efficiency is 1.31, the maximum brightness is 3052, and the color coordinate is (0.1654, 0.1047). It is known from the performance indexes of the electroluminescent devices based on the polymers P1, P2 and P3 that the light-emitting device is not only efficient and stable, but also the emitted light is more Blue saturated blue light.
  • the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of the polymers P1, P2 and P3 in the film state is shown in Fig. 2.
  • the maximum absorption peaks of the polymers P1, P2 and P3 in the film are all 375-385 nm, wherein The maximum absorption peak of P1 in the film is 381 nm, the maximum absorption of P2 in the film is 379 nm, and the maximum absorption peak of P3 in the film is 382 nm.
  • the photoluminescence spectrum of the polymers P1, P2 and P3 in the film state is shown in Fig. 3.
  • the maximum emission peak of P1 in the film is 449 nm
  • the maximum emission peak of P2 in the film is 445 nm
  • the maximum emission peak of P3 in the film is 439 nm.

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Abstract

一种基于萘并硫氧芴单元的蓝光聚合物发光材料及其制备方法和应用。萘并硫氧芴单元中的砜基为强吸电子单元,有利于提高电子亲和势,促进电子的注入和传输,且萘并硫氧芴单元中的砜基位于聚合物的侧链,有适当的共轭平面,不会使光谱有较大的红移。本发明通过Suzuki聚合反应得到所述的基于萘并硫氧芴单元的蓝光聚合物发光材料,采用常见有机溶剂溶解后,再通过旋涂、喷墨打印或印刷成膜,制备得到发光二极管的发光层,该发光层制备发光器件时无需退火处理。

Description

一种基于萘并硫氧芴单元的蓝光聚合物发光材料及其制备方法与应用 技术领域
本发明属于有机光电技术领域,具体涉及一种基于萘并硫氧芴单元的蓝光聚合物发光材料及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
在过去的三十年中,有机电子和光电子产业,包括有机/聚合物发光二极管,有机场效应晶体管,有机太阳能电池等领域得到了迅猛的发展,并逐渐实现产业化。有机电子产品具有价格低廉,体轻便携等优点。使其具有极大的市场潜力。因此开发具有市场吸引力的有机电子产品吸引了世界上众多研究机构和科研团队的关注,而在这其中,开发新型高效稳定的材料成为关键。
但是,目前有机发光器件技术在发展过程中遇到了瓶颈问题,就是发光器件的发光效率和使用寿命达不到实用化要求,这大大限制了OLED技术的发展,针对这一个问题,各个研究机构都在进行探索性的研究。
因此,开发一种具有较好的荧光量子产率,并使发光器件不仅高效稳定,而且为更蓝的饱和蓝光,可以同时实现发光器件的发光效率和使用寿命的提高的聚合物发光材料显得尤为重要,在有机电子显示领域有巨大的发展潜力和前景。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有聚合物发光二极管(PLED)的不足,提供了一种基于萘并硫氧芴单元的蓝光聚合物发光材料。萘并硫氧芴单元中的砜基为强吸电子单元,有利于提高电子亲和势,促进电子的注入和传输,具有高荧光效率和化学稳定性,且萘并硫氧芴单元中的砜基位于聚合物的侧链,有适当的共轭平面,不会使光谱有较大的红移;同时,该基于萘并硫氧芴单元的蓝光聚合物发光材料用作发光材料,具有较好的溶解性,较高的荧光量子产率,适合于溶液加工和喷墨打印,基于该材料的发光层制备的发光器件不仅高效稳定,而且为更蓝的饱和蓝光,同时实现较高的发光器件的发光效率和使用寿命,满足全彩显示的要求,具有良好的发展前景。
本发明的目的还在于提供所述的一种基于萘并硫氧芴单元的蓝光聚合物发光材料的制备方法。
本发明的目的还在于提供所述的一种基于萘并硫氧芴单元的共轭聚合物发光材料在制备发光二极管的发光层中的应用。
一种基于萘并硫氧芴单元的蓝光聚合物发光材料,具有如下化学结构式:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000001
式中,R 1、R 2均独立选自芳基、三苯胺、碳原子数1-20的直链或支链烷基,或为碳原子数1-20的烷氧基;0≤x<1;聚合度n=1-300;
Ar为如下结构式中的任意一种:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000002
2,7-取代芴;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000003
3,6-取代芴;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000004
2,7-取代硅芴;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000005
3,6-取代硅芴;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000006
2,7-取代螺芴;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000007
3,6-取代螺芴;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000008
2,7-取代-9,9-二烷氧基苯基芴;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000009
3,6-取代-9,9-二烷氧基苯基芴;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000010
2,7-取代咔唑;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000011
3,6-取代咔唑;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000012
3,5-双(4-取代-苯基)-4-基-1,2,4-三唑;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000013
3,5-双(4-取代-苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000014
4,7-双(5-取代-4-烷基噻吩基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000015
4,7-双(5-取代-4-烷基噻吩基)2,1,3-苯并硒二唑;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000016
茚芴;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000017
吲哚咔唑;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000018
2,6-取代-二噻吩并噻咯;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000019
2,6-取代-二噻吩并环戊二烯;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000020
2,5-取代-3,4-二烷基硒吩;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000021
5,5-取代-4,4-二烷基-联噻吩;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000022
4,7-二(4-取代苯基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000023
4,7-二(4-取代苯基)-2,1,3-苯并硒二唑;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000024
4,7-二(5-取代-4-烷基噻吩-2-基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000025
4,7-二(5-取代-4-烷基噻吩-2-基)-2,1,3-苯并硒二唑;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000026
4,7-二(N-(4-取代苯基)-N-(4-烷基苯基)胺基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000027
4,7-二(N-(4-取代苯基)-N-(4-烷基苯基)胺基)-2,1,3-苯并硒二唑;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000028
4,7-二(4-(N-(4-取代苯基)-N-(4-烷基苯基)胺基)苯基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑;
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000029
(4,4'-(苯并[c][1,2,5]硒二唑-4,7-二基)双(N,N-二苯基苯胺))
其中,R为H、芳基、三苯胺、碳原子数1-20的直链或者支链烷基,或为碳原子数1-20的烷氧基;Z 1、Z 2均独立选自H、D、F、CN、烯基、炔基、腈基、胺基、硝基、酰基、烷氧基、羰基、砜基、碳原子数1~30的烷基、碳原子数3~30的环烷基、碳原子数6~60的芳香族烃基或碳原子数3~60的芳香族杂环基。
制备所述的一种基于萘并硫氧芴单元的共轭聚合物发光材料的方法,包括如下步骤:
在氩气氛围下,将含R 1和R 2的萘并硫氧芴单元与含Ar结构的硼酸酯单元通过Suzuki聚合反应后,再依次采用苯硼酸和溴苯进行封端反应,得到所述基于萘并硫氧芴单元的共轭聚合物发光材料。
进一步地,所述Suzuki聚合反应的温度为80~100℃,时间为24~48小时。
进一步地,采用苯硼酸和溴苯进行封端反应的温度均为80~100℃,时间均为12~24小时。
所述的一种基于萘并硫氧芴单元的共轭聚合物发光材料应用于制备发光二极管的发光层,将基于萘并硫氧芴单元的共轭聚合物发光材料用有机溶剂溶解,再通过旋涂、喷墨打印或印刷成膜,得到发光二极管的发光层。
进一步地,所述有机溶剂包括氯苯、二甲苯或氯仿。
与现在技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
(1)本发明的基于萘并硫氧芴单元的共轭聚合物发光材料,由于具有适当的共轭长度,具有较高的荧光量子产量的同时,又保证有较好色纯度的蓝光发射,有利于提高蓝光材料器件的效率;
(2)本发明的基于萘并硫氧芴单元的共轭聚合物发光材料,具有较好的溶解性,基于该聚合物的发光层在制备电致发光器件时无需退火处理,使得制备工艺更简单。
附图说明
图1为聚合物P1、P2和P3的热重分析图;
图2为聚合物P1、P2和P3的薄膜紫外-可见光吸收光谱图;
图3为聚合物P1、P2和P3的薄膜光致发光光谱图。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例及附图对本发明作进一步地详细说明,但本发明不限于此。
实施例1
化合物M1的合成
2-溴二苯并[b,d]噻吩的制备
在500mL三口瓶中,加入二苯并[b,d]噻吩(20.00g,108.54mmol)、铁粉(0.33g,6mmol)、三氯甲烷200mL,冰水浴冷却,将液溴(19.08g,119.40mmol)用注射器注入烧瓶,滴加时瓶内温度不超过5℃,反应12小时;停止反应,过滤、氯仿重结晶,得白色固体,产率62%。 1H NMR、 13CNMR、MS和元素分析结果表明所得到的化合物为目标产物M1,制备过程化学反应方程式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000030
实施例2
化合物M2的合成
2-(二苯并[b,d]噻吩-2-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼烷的制备
将2-溴二苯并[b,d]噻吩(10.00g,45.6mmol)溶解于精制的无水THF中(200mL),在-78℃下逐渐滴加1.6mol/L的正丁基锂(3.65g,57.00mmol),反应2小时,然后滴加2-异丙氧基-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼烷(14.14g,76.00mmol),在-78℃下继续反应1小时,升温至室温反应24小时。将反应混合物倒入水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取,有机层用食盐水完全洗涤后,加无水硫酸镁干燥。溶液浓缩后,得到浅黄色粘稠状粗品,用硅胶柱层析提纯(洗脱剂选择石油醚/二氯甲烷=5/1,v/v),得到黄色固体,产率58%。 1H NMR、 13CNMR、MS和元素分析结果表明所得到的化合物为目标产物M2,制备过程化学反应方程式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000031
实施例3
化合物M3的合成
1-溴-2萘甲酸甲酯
1-溴-2萘甲酸(9.00g,35.85mmol)溶于200ml甲醇中,并往反应液中滴加入20ml的浓硫酸,常温下搅拌12小时后,停止反应,用水淬灭反应,用二氯甲烷进行萃取并用无水硫酸镁进行干燥,溶液浓缩后得土黄色固体,用硅胶柱层析提纯(洗脱剂选择石油醚/二氯甲烷=5/1,v/v),得到白色固体,产率95%。 1H NMR、 13CNMR、MS和元素分析结果表明所得到的化合物为目标产物M3,制备过程化学反应方程式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000032
实施例4
化合物M4的合成
甲基1-(二苯并[b,d]噻吩-2-基)-2-萘甲酸酯的制备
500mL三口烧瓶中,加入2-(二苯并[b,d]噻吩-2-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼烷(9.75g,31.43mmol),200mL甲苯搅拌溶解,随后分别加入1-溴-2萘甲酸甲酯(10.00g,37.72mmol)、Na 2CO 3(16.66g,157.17mmol)、四丁基溴化胺(4mg,12.4umol)、有机碱(四乙基氢氧化铵)(20mL)、去离子水30mL以及催化剂四(三苯基膦)合钯(1.82g,1.57mmol),加热至150℃,反应12h。将反应液浓缩后,用硅胶柱层析(洗脱剂选择石油醚、二氯甲烷=5/1,v/v),得到白色固体,产率60%。 1H NMR、 13CNMR、MS和元素分析结果表明所得到的化合物为目标产物M4,制备过程化学反应方程式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000033
实施例5
化合物M5的合成
2-(1-(二苯并[b,d]噻吩-2-基)萘-2-基)十七烷-9-醇的制备
将甲基1-(二苯并[b,d]噻吩-2-基)-2-萘甲酸酯(10.00g,27.14mmol)溶解于精制的无水THF中(150ml),逐滴滴加1.6mol/L辛烷基溴化镁(59.00g,271.41mmol),升温至120℃加热回流,反应16h;冷却至室温,将反应混合物倒入水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取,有机层用食盐水完全洗涤后,用无水硫酸镁干燥;溶液浓缩后,直接进行下一步反应。 1H NMR、 13CNMR、MS和元素分析结果表明所得到的化合物为目标产物M5,制备过程化学反应方程式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000034
实施例6
化合物M6的合成
14,14-二辛基-14H-苯并[b]苯并[5,6]芴[1,2-d]噻吩的制备
将2-(1-(二苯并[b,d]噻吩-2-基)萘烷-2-基)异丙醇(2.3g,6.24mmol)溶于二氯甲烷150mL中,加入0.5mL三氟化硼-乙醚溶液(浓度为46.5wt%),反应1h;溶液浓缩后,用硅胶柱层析(洗脱剂选择石油醚、二氯甲烷=5/1,v/v)方法提纯,得到白色固体;用乙醇重结晶两次,过滤得白色晶体1.8g,产率82.6%。 1H NMR、 13CNMR、MS和元素分析结果表明所得到的化合物为目标产物M6,制备过程化学反应方程式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000035
实施例7
化合物M7的合成
2,8-二溴14,14二辛基-14H-苯并[b]苯并[5,6]芴并[1,2-d]噻吩
将14,14-二辛基-14H-苯并[b]苯并[5,6]芴[1,2-d]噻吩(900mg,1.65mmol)溶解于20ml氯仿中,然后在冰水浴中将液溴(657.52mg,4.11mmol)分两次滴加进入反应液中,反应24小时后用饱和亚硫酸氢钠淬灭反应,并用饱和亚硫酸氢钠和乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸镁干燥后,用硅胶柱层析提纯(洗脱剂选择石油醚),得到黄色油状物。产率:50%。 1H NMR、 13CNMR、MS和元素分析结果表明所得到的化合物为目标产物M7,制备过程化学反应方程式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000036
实施例8
化合物M8的合成
2,8-二溴-14,14-二辛基-14H-苯并[b]苯并[5,6]芴[1,2-d]噻吩-9,9-二氧化物的制备
将2,8-二溴14,14二辛基-14H-苯并[b]苯并[5,6]芴并[1,2-d]噻吩(300mg,0.426mmol)溶解于15ml乙酸中,往反应液中滴加2ml浓度为30wt%的过氧化氢水溶液,加热到150℃,搅拌反应5小时;用饱和氯化钠水溶液乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸镁干燥后,用硅胶柱层析(洗脱剂选择二氯甲烷:石油醚=1:1,v/v)提纯,得到黄色固体,产率:50%。 1H NMR、 13CNMR、MS和元素分析结果表明所得到的化合物为目标产物M8,制备过程化学反应方程式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000037
实施例9
化合物M9的合成
2,7-二溴芴的制备
在250mL三口瓶中,加入芴(24.5g,0.1mol)、铁粉(88mg,1.57mmol)以及三氯甲烷100mL;冰水浴冷却,滴加溴(17.6g,0.1mol)/三氯甲烷混合溶液35mL,滴加时瓶内温度不超过5℃;反应完毕,过滤、氯仿重结晶,得白色固体20.3g,产率83%。 1HNMR、 13CNMR、MS和元素分析结果表明所得到的化合物为目标产物M9,制备过程化学反应方程式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000038
实施例10
化合物M10的合成
2,7-二溴-9,9-二辛基芴的制备
在三口瓶中加入2,7-二溴芴(9.7g,0.03mol)、苄基三乙基氯化铵(0.07g,0.3mmol)、二甲基亚砜90mL以及45mL氢氧化钠水溶液(50wt%),室温下搅拌形成悬浮液;加入1-溴正辛烷(12.5g,65mmol),继续搅拌3小时后,用乙醚萃取;用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤乙醚相,无水硫酸镁干燥;蒸去溶剂,产物用石油醚作洗脱剂柱层析提纯,得白色固体。 1H NMR、 13CNMR、MS和元素分析结果表明所得到的化合物为目标产物M10,制备过程化学反应方程式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000039
实施例11
化合物M11的合成
2,7-二硼酸酯-9,9-二辛基芴的制备
在氩气气氛下,将2,7-二溴-9,9-二辛基芴(5g,9.12mmol)溶解于180mL精制的THF中,在-78℃下逐渐滴加1.6mol.L -1的正丁基锂28mL,反应2小时,然后加入2-异丙氧基-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼烷25mL,在-78℃下继续反应1小时,然后升温至室温反应24小时;将反应混合物倒入水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取,有机层用食盐水完全洗涤后,加无水硫酸镁干燥;溶液浓缩后,得到浅黄色粘稠状粗品,用硅胶柱层析提纯(洗脱剂选择石油醚/乙酸乙酯=15/1,v/v),产物放置冰箱中,得到白色固体,产率70%。 1H NMR、 13CNMR、MS和元素分析结果表明所得到的化合物为目标产物M11,制备过程化学反应方程式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000040
实施例12
化合物M12的合成
3,6-二溴咔唑的制备
在500mL两口瓶中加入咔唑(24.7g,0.1mol)以及二甲基甲酰胺200mL,搅拌至完全溶解;N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS,49.84g,0.28mol)用120ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶解,得到NBS溶液;冰浴至0℃,缓慢滴加NBS溶液,避光,滴加完毕后,让温度自动上升至室温后,反应6小时,将反应液滴加到水中沉淀,抽滤得到粗产物后,将抽滤物用无水乙醇进行重结晶,烘干,得到白色针状固体,产率85%。 1H NMR、 13CNMR、MS和元素分析结果表明所得到的化合物为目标产物M12,制备过程化学反应方程式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000041
实施例13
化合物M13的合成
3,6-二溴-9-辛基-9H-咔唑的制备
在250mL三口瓶中加入3,6-二溴咔唑(16.25g,0.05mmol)、甲苯100mL以及四丁基溴化铵(0.8g,3.5mmol),搅拌溶解,然后滴加50wt%KOH水溶液11mL,然后再加入溴辛烷(19.3g,0.1mol),在80℃下反应24小时,加水终止反应,水洗分离出来的有机相,水相用二氯甲烷萃取后,合并有机相,用无水MgSO 4干燥,减压蒸馏除去溶剂后得到浅黄色固体, 用石油醚重结晶得到白色粉末固体。产率90%。 1H NMR、 13CNMR、MS和元素分析结果表明所得到的化合物为目标产物M13,制备过程化学反应方程式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000042
实施例14
化合物M14的合成
9-辛基-3,6-双(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-9H-咔唑的制备
在三口瓶中加入3,6-二溴-9-辛基-9H-咔唑(13.11g,30mmol)、新蒸的乙醚250mL,搅拌完全溶解至澄清透明后,将反应液冷却至-78℃,然后一次性加入2-异丙氧基-(4,4,5,5-四甲基)-1,3,2-乙二氧基硼酸酯(37mL,180mmol),在-78℃下搅拌2小时,再将温度升至室温,反应24小时后结束反应;用乙醚萃取,饱和食盐水洗涤4次,再用无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤后,蒸馏除去溶剂,产物用石油醚/乙酸乙酯(10:1,v/v)为洗脱剂柱层析提纯,得到白色固体,产率45%。 1H NMR、 13CNMR、MS和元素分析结果表明所得到的化合物为目标产物M14,制备过程化学反应方程式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000043
实施例15
聚合物P1合成
在氩气氛围下,将2,7-二硼酸酯-9,9-二辛基芴(化合物M11,200mg,311.25μmol)、2,7-二溴-9,9-二辛基芴(化合物M10,136.56mg,249.00μmol)和萘并硫氧芴(化合物M8,45.86mg,62.25μmol)加入50ml两口瓶内,再加入8ml甲苯进行完全溶解,再加入醋酸钯(2.80mg,12.45μmol)和三环己基膦(6.98mg,24.90μmol),然后加入2ml四乙基氢氧化铵,升温至80℃,反应24小时;然后加入30mg苯硼酸进行封端,12小时后,再用0.3ml溴苯进行封端;继续反应12小时之后,将产物滴加在甲醇中沉淀出来,搅拌,过滤,再将粗产物溶于20mL的甲苯中,以200~300目硅胶为固定相,用甲苯为洗脱剂进行柱层析,再将溶剂减压浓缩后,再一次在甲醇中沉析出来,搅拌,过滤,真空干燥后得到聚合物固体;最后再依次用甲醇、丙酮、四氢呋喃各抽提24小时,除去小分子;将浓缩后的四氢呋喃溶液滴入甲醇中沉析,真空干燥后得到的纤维状固体共轭聚合物P1。 1H NMR、 13CNMR、MS和元素分析结果表明所得到的化合物为目标产物P1,制备过程化学反应方程式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000044
实施例16
聚合物P2的合成
在氩气氛围下,将2,7-二硼酸酯-9,9-二辛基芴(化合物M11,200mg,311.25μmol)、2,7-二溴-9,9-二辛基芴(化合物M10,153.63mg,280.12μmol)和萘并硫氧芴(化合物M8,22.93mg,31.12μmol)加入50ml两口瓶内,再加入8ml甲苯进行完全溶解,再加入醋酸钯(2.80mg,12.45μmol)和三环己基膦(6.98mg,24.90μmol),然后加入2ml四乙基氢氧化铵,升温至80℃,反应24小时;然后加入30mg苯硼酸进行封端,12小时后,再用0.3ml溴苯进行封端;继续反应12小时之后,将产物滴加在甲醇中沉淀出来,搅拌,过滤,再将粗产物溶于20mL的甲苯中,以200~300目硅胶为固定相,用甲苯为洗脱剂进行柱层析,再将溶剂减压浓缩后,再一次在甲醇中沉析出来,搅拌,过滤,真空干燥后得到聚合物固体;最后再依次用甲醇、丙酮、四氢呋喃各抽提24小时,除去小分子;将浓缩后的四氢呋喃溶液滴入甲醇中沉析,真空干燥后得到的纤维状固体共轭聚合物P2。 1H NMR、 13CNMR、MS和元素分析结果表明所得到的化合物为目标产物P2,制备过程化学反应方程式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000045
实施例17
聚合物P3的合成
在氩气氛围下,将2,7-二硼酸酯-9,9-二辛基芴(化合物M11,200mg,311.25μmol)、2,7-二溴-9,9-二辛基芴(化合物M10,163.87mg,298.80μmol)和萘并硫氧芴(化合物M8,9.17mg,12.45μmol)加入50ml两口瓶内,再加入8ml甲苯进行完全溶解,再加入醋酸钯(2.80mg,12.45μmol)和三环己基膦(6.98mg,24.90μmol),然后加入2ml四乙基氢氧化铵,升温至80℃,反应24小时;然后加入30mg苯硼酸进行封端,12小时后,再用0.3ml溴苯进行封端;继续反应12小时之后,将产物滴加在甲醇中沉淀出来,搅拌,过滤,再将粗产物溶于20mL的甲苯中,以200~300目硅胶为固定相,用甲苯为洗脱剂进行柱层析,再将溶剂减压浓缩后,再一次在甲醇中沉析出来,搅拌,过滤,真空干燥后得到聚合物固体;最后再依次用甲醇、丙酮、四氢呋喃各抽提24小时,除去小分子;将浓缩后的四氢呋喃溶液滴入甲醇中沉析,真空干燥后得到的纤维状固体共轭聚合物P3。 1H NMR、 13CNMR、MS和元素分析结果表明所得到的化合物为目标产物P3,制备过程化学反应方程式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000046
聚合物P1、P2和P3的热重分析图如图1所示,由图1可知,聚合物P1、P2和P3的热分解温度均为420℃,说明聚合物P1、P2和P3均具有较高的热稳定性。
实施例18
共聚物电致发光器件的制备
在预先做好的方块电阻为15-20Ω的氧化铟锡(ITO)玻璃上,先依次用丙酮、洗涤剂、去离子水和异丙醇超声清洗,等离子处理10分钟;在ITO上旋涂参杂有聚苯乙烯磺酸的聚乙氧基噻吩(PEDOT:PSS=1:1,w/w)膜,厚度为40nm;PEDOT:PSS膜在真空烘箱里180℃下干燥10分钟,再在旋涂了PEDOT:PSS膜的ITO上在旋涂15nm的聚乙烯咔唑(PVK),120℃下加热10min;随后分别将聚合物P1、P2和P3的对二甲苯溶液(1wt.%)旋涂在PVK膜的表面,厚度为60nm,作为发光层;最后在发光层上依次蒸镀一层4nm厚的Ba和200nm厚的金属Al层,得到基于萘并硫氧芴单元的蓝光聚合物发光材料的发光层制备的电致发光器件。
基于聚合物P1、P2和P3的电致发光器件的性能如表1所示。
表1 基于聚合物P1、P2和P3的电致发光器件的性能
Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-000047
由表1可知,P1的最大效率为1.39,最大亮度为2450,色坐标为(0.171,0.1476);P2的最大效率为0.43,最大亮度为1825,色坐标为(0.1682,0.1101);P3的最大效率为1.31,最大亮度为3052,色坐标为(0.1654,0.1047);由基于聚合物P1、P2和P3的电致发光器件的性能指标可知,发光器件不仅高效稳定,而且所述发射光为更蓝的饱和蓝光。
聚合物P1、P2和P3在薄膜状态下的紫外-可见光吸收光谱图如图2所示,由图2可知,聚合物P1、P2和P3在薄膜里面的最大吸收峰均在375-385nm,其中,P1在薄膜里面的最大吸收峰为381nm,P2在薄膜里面的最大吸收为379nm,P3在薄膜里面的最大吸收峰为382nm。
聚合物P1、P2和P3在薄膜状态下的光致发光光谱图如图3所示,由图3可知,P1在薄膜里面的最大发射峰为449nm,P2在薄膜里面的最大发射峰为445nm,P3在薄膜里面的最大发射峰为439nm。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其它任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种基于萘并硫氧芴单元的蓝光聚合物发光材料,其特征在于,具有如下化学结构式:
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100001
    式中,R 1、R 2均独立选自芳基、三苯胺、碳原子数1-20的直链或支链烷基,或碳原子数1-20的烷氧基;0≤x<1;聚合度n为1-300;
    Ar为如下结构式中的任意一种:
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100002
    2,7-取代芴;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100003
    3,6-取代芴;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100004
    2,7-取代硅芴;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100005
    3,6-取代硅芴;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100006
    2,7-取代螺芴;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100007
    3,6-取代螺芴;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100008
    2,7-取代-9,9-二烷氧基苯基芴;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100009
    3,6-取代-9,9-二烷氧基苯基芴;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100010
    2,7-取代咔唑;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100011
    3,6-取代咔唑;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100012
    3,5-双(4-取代-苯基)-4-基-1,2,4-三唑;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100013
    3,5-双(4-取代-苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100014
    4,7-双(5-取代-4-烷基噻吩基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100015
    4,7-双(5-取代-4-烷基噻吩基)2,1,3-苯并硒二唑;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100016
    茚芴;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100017
    吲哚咔唑;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100018
    2,6-取代-二噻吩并噻咯;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100019
    2,6-取代-二噻吩并环戊二烯;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100020
    2,5-取代-3,4-二烷基硒吩;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100021
    5,5-取代-4,4-二烷基-联噻吩;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100022
    4,7-二(4-取代苯基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100023
    4,7-二(4-取代苯基)-2,1,3-苯并硒二唑;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100024
    4,7-二(5-取代-4-烷基噻吩-2-基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100025
    4,7-二(5-取代-4-烷基噻吩-2-基)-2,1,3-苯并硒二唑;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100026
    4,7-二(N-(4-取代苯基)-N-(4-烷基苯基)胺基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100027
    4,7-二(N-(4-取代苯基)-N-(4-烷基苯基)胺基)-2,1,3-苯并硒二唑;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100028
    4,7-二(4-(N-(4-取代苯基)-N-(4-烷基苯基)胺基)苯基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑;
    Figure PCTCN2018084656-appb-100029
    (4,4'-(苯并[c][1,2,5]硒二唑-4,7-二基)双(N,N-二苯基苯胺))
    其中,R为H、芳基、三苯胺、碳原子数1-20的直链或者支链烷基,或为碳原子数1-20的烷氧基;Z1、Z2均独立选自H、D、F、CN、烯基、炔基、腈基、胺基、硝基、酰基、烷氧基、羰基、砜基、碳原子数1~30的烷基、碳原子数3~30的环烷基、碳原子数6~60芳香族烃基或碳原子数3~60的芳香族杂环基。
  2. 制备权利要求1所述的一种基于萘并硫氧芴单元的蓝光聚合物发光材料的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
    在氩气氛围下,将含R 1和R 2的萘并硫氧芴单元与含Ar结构的硼酸酯单元通过Suzuki聚合反应后,再依次采用苯硼酸和溴苯进行封端反应,得到所述基于萘并硫氧芴单元的共轭聚合物发光材料。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种基于萘并硫氧芴单元的蓝光聚合物发光材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述Suzuki聚合反应的温度为80~100℃,时间为24~48小时。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种基于氧杂硫氧芴单元的蓝光聚合物发光材料的制备方法,其特征在于,采用苯硼酸和溴苯进行封端反应的温度均为80~100℃,时间均为12~24小时。
  5. 权利要求1所述的一种基于萘并硫氧芴单元的蓝光聚合物发光材料应用于制备发光二极管的发光层,其特征在于,将基于萘并硫氧芴单元的蓝光聚合物发光材料用有机溶剂溶解,再通过旋涂、喷墨打印或印刷成膜,得到发光二极管的发光层。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述有机溶剂包括氯苯、二甲苯或氯仿。
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