WO2019004124A1 - 化学強化ガラス、その製造方法および化学強化用ガラス - Google Patents
化学強化ガラス、その製造方法および化学強化用ガラス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019004124A1 WO2019004124A1 PCT/JP2018/024006 JP2018024006W WO2019004124A1 WO 2019004124 A1 WO2019004124 A1 WO 2019004124A1 JP 2018024006 W JP2018024006 W JP 2018024006W WO 2019004124 A1 WO2019004124 A1 WO 2019004124A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
- C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
- C03C21/002—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions to perform ion-exchange between alkali ions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
- C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
- C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
- C03C3/087—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
- C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
- C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium
- C03C3/093—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium containing zinc or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/20—Compositions for glass with special properties for chemical resistant glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2204/00—Glasses, glazes or enamels with special properties
Definitions
- the present invention relates to chemically strengthened glass.
- Chemically strengthened glass is used as a cover glass for portable terminals.
- Chemically strengthened glass is a glass surface obtained by bringing the glass into contact with a molten salt containing a metal ion such as an alkali metal ion to cause ion exchange between the metal ion in the glass and the metal ion in the molten salt.
- a compressive stress layer is formed.
- the strength of a chemically strengthened glass strongly depends on a stress profile represented by a compressive stress value which has a depth from the glass surface as a variable.
- a cover glass of a portable terminal or the like may be broken when it is bent by an external force.
- the origin of the crack in this case is on the surface of the glass, and the micro crack on the surface of the glass spreads to the destruction. Then, it is thought that it can be made hard to be able to suppress that a micro crack spreads by making the compressive stress value in the glass surface large.
- a cover glass of a portable terminal or the like may be broken by a protrusion when it falls on asphalt or sand.
- the origin of the crack in this case is deeper than the glass surface. Therefore, it is believed that the compressive stress layer can be made hard to break by increasing the compressive stress layer depth and forming the compressive stress layer to a deeper part of the glass.
- Patent Document 1 describes that a chemically strengthened glass having a compressive stress layer depth of 90 ⁇ m or more can be obtained by one or two ion exchange treatments. Also, a typical stress profile is shown for two ion exchange treatments. The profile consists of two straight line components: a straight line that represents the stress profile from the glass surface to point X at a certain depth, and a straight line that represents the stress profile from point X to the point where stress is zero. (Patent Document 1, FIG. 8). By using such a stress profile, it has been said that the internal tensile stress value can be suppressed while increasing the compressive stress on the surface and increasing the compressive stress depth.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a chemically strengthened glass which has a high asphalt dropping strength and is less likely to scatter fragments when broken.
- the inventors of the present invention have found that the maximum depth at which a compressive stress value of 50 MPa can be obtained is larger than that at which the compressive stress depth DOL is large, in order to increase the asphalt drop strength. I thought it was.
- the projections on the asphalt surface form micro cracks inside the glass plate.
- the generated micro crack propagates and becomes large, the glass plate breaks.
- the propagation of micro cracks can be suppressed by a compressive stress of about 50 MPa. Therefore, it was considered that if the maximum depth at which a compressive stress value of 50 MPa can be obtained is large, even if micro cracks occur inside the glass due to relatively large protrusions, breakage is unlikely to occur.
- Table 1 is a mass percentage based on oxides, SiO 2 60.7%, the Al 2 O 3 16.8%, 15.6 % and Na 2 O, 1.2% of K 2 O, MgO
- the float glass plate containing 5.3% of ZrO 2 and 0.4% of ZrO 2 is chemically strengthened, and the result of the asphalt drop strength test described later is performed. In this experiment, the larger the maximum depth at which a compressive stress value of 50 MPa was obtained, the more likely it was to withstand falling from a high position.
- the present inventors considered that in order to increase the asphalt drop strength, it is more important that the maximum depth at which a compressive stress value of 50 MPa can be obtained is larger than that the compressive stress depth DOL is large. Moreover, in the stress profile which consists of two or less linear components which were described in patent document 1, it is difficult to suppress internal tensile stress value CT, and to enlarge the maximum depth which can obtain the 50MPa compressive stress value.
- the present invention was completed as a result of thinking and considering.
- the present invention relates to the following ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 12>.
- ⁇ 1> A plate-like chemically strengthened glass having a compressive stress layer on the surface of the glass,
- the compressive stress value (CS 0 ) on the glass surface is 500 MPa or more
- Thickness (t) is 400 ⁇ m or more
- the compressive stress layer depth (DOL) is (t ⁇ 0.15) ⁇ m or more
- the compressive stress value (CS 1 ) at a point where the depth from the glass surface is 1/4 of the DOL is 50 MPa or more
- the compressive stress value (CS 2 ) at a point where the depth from the glass surface is 1/2 of the DOL is 50 MPa or more
- Chemically strengthened glass in which m 1 represented by the following formula is ⁇ 1.5 MPa / ⁇ m or more, m 2 is 0 MPa / ⁇ m or less, and the m 2 is smaller than the m 1 .
- m 1 (CS 1 -CS 2 ) / (DOL / 4-DOL / 2)
- m 2 CS 2 / (DOL / 2-DOL) ⁇ 2>
- a plate-like chemically strengthened glass having a compressive stress layer on the surface of the glass,
- the compressive stress value (CS 0 ) on the glass surface is 500 MPa or more,
- the compressive stress layer depth (DOL) is at least 100 ⁇ m
- the compressive stress value (CS 1 ) at a point where the depth from the glass surface is 1/4 of the DOL is 50 MPa or more
- the compressive stress value (CS 2 ) at a point where the depth from the glass surface is 1/2 of the DOL is 50 MPa or more
- Chemically strengthened glass in which m 1 represented by the following formula is ⁇ 1.5 MPa / ⁇ m or more, m 2 is 0 MPa / ⁇ m or less, and the m 2 is smaller than the m 1 .
- m 1 (CS 1 -CS 2 ) / (DOL / 4-DOL / 2)
- m 2 CS 2 / (DOL / 2-DOL) ⁇ 3>
- m 1 and either chemically tempered glass according to one of the ratio of the m 2 (m 1 / m 2 ) is less than 0.9 the ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>.
- ⁇ 5> The chemically strengthened glass according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4>, wherein the m 1 is 0.5 MPa / ⁇ m or less.
- ⁇ 6> The chemically strengthened glass according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5>, wherein an internal tensile stress value is smaller than 100 MPa.
- the above-mentioned ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 6> whose m 3 represented by the following formula is 120 MPa / ⁇ m or more with respect to the compressive stress value (CS 3 ) at the point of 2.5 ⁇ m in depth from the ⁇ 7> glass surface Chemically strengthened glass according to any one of the preceding claims.
- the matrix composition of chemically strengthened glass is 55 to 80% of SiO 2 in mass percentage display based on oxide, Al 2 O 3 15 to 28%, B 2 O 3 0 to 10%, Li 2 O 2 to 10%, Na 2 O 0.5 to 10%, K 2 O 0 to 10%, (MgO + CaO + SrO + BaO) 0 to 10%, and (ZrO 2 + TiO 2 ) 0 to 5%,
- Ion exchange is carried out by bringing a glass for chemical strengthening containing Li 2 O into contact with a metal salt containing Na ion, Next, it is contacted with a metal salt containing Li ions for ion exchange, Next, the manufacturing method of chemically strengthened glass including the process of making it contact with the metal salt containing K ion, and exchanging ions.
- Ion exchange is carried out by bringing a glass for chemical strengthening containing Li 2 O into contact with a metal salt containing Na ion, Then heat treatment without contacting metal salt, Next, a method for producing a chemically strengthened glass, comprising the step of contacting the metal salt containing K ions for ion exchange.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a part of a stress profile of the chemically strengthened glass 1.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing a part of the stress profile of the chemically strengthened glass 3.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing a part of the stress profile of the chemically strengthened glass 5.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing a part of the stress profile of the chemically strengthened glass 7.
- FIG. 5 is a view showing a part of the stress profile of the chemically strengthened glass 12.
- stress profile refers to a value representing a compressive stress value with the depth from the glass surface as a variable.
- the compressive stress layer depth DOL is a depth at which the compressive stress value CS becomes zero.
- the stress profile is obtained, for example, by analyzing the cross section of the glass with a birefringence imaging system using a thin plate.
- a birefringence imaging system there is, for example, a birefringence imaging system Abrio-IM manufactured by Tokyo Instruments, Inc.
- it can measure also using scattered light photoelasticity. In this method, light is incident from the surface of the glass and the polarization of the scattered light is analyzed.
- Internal tensile stress CT refers to a tensile stress value at a depth of 1/2 of the thickness t of glass.
- chemically strengthened glass refers to glass after being subjected to a chemical strengthening treatment
- chemically tempered glass refers to glass before being subjected to a chemical strengthening treatment
- matrix composition of the chemically strengthened glass is the glass composition of the glass for chemical strengthening, and the glass composition of a portion deeper than the DOL of the chemically strengthened glass except in the case where the extreme ion exchange treatment is performed. Is the matrix composition of chemically strengthened glass.
- the glass composition is expressed by mass percentage on an oxide basis unless otherwise specified, and mass% is simply expressed as “%”. Further, in the present specification, “does not substantially contain” means that it is not higher than the impurity level contained in the raw material etc., that is, it is not intentionally contained. Specifically, for example, less than 0.1%.
- the chemically strengthened glass (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "the present tempered glass”) of the present invention is plate-like, and usually flat plate-like, but may be curved.
- This tempered glass has a compressive stress layer on the glass surface, and the plate thickness (t) is 400 ⁇ m or more and the compressive stress layer depth (DOL) is (t ⁇ 0.15) ⁇ m or more, or compressive stress
- the layer depth (DOL) is 100 ⁇ m or more.
- the plate thickness (t) may be 400 ⁇ m or more, and the compressive stress layer depth (DOL) may be (t ⁇ 0.15) ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or more.
- 400 micrometers or more are preferable, as for plate
- the DOL of the tempered glass is preferably (t ⁇ 0.15) ⁇ m or more, more preferably (t ⁇ 0.18) ⁇ m or more, still more preferably (t ⁇ 0.19) ⁇ m or more, particularly preferably (t) X 0.2) ⁇ m or more.
- the DOL is preferably (t ⁇ 0.3) ⁇ m or less, more preferably (t ⁇ 0.25) ⁇ m or less, and still more preferably (t ⁇ 0.22) ⁇ m or less. This is because internal tensile stress (CT) is suppressed.
- a CT of 110 MPa or less is preferable because the fragments are less likely to scatter when the chemically strengthened glass is broken.
- the CT is more preferably 100 MPa or less, still more preferably 90 MPa or less.
- This tempered glass the compression stress value CS 0 in the glass surface such than 500 MPa, less likely to be cracked when such chemically tempered glass is deformed by the impact preferable.
- CS 0 is preferably more than 600 MPa, more preferably 700MPa or more, more preferably at least 800 MPa.
- it is preferably 1500 MPa or less, more preferably 1300 MPa or less, still more preferably 1100 MPa or less, and particularly preferably 900 MPa or less.
- the tempered glass has a compressive stress value (CS 1 ) at a point where the depth from the glass surface is DOL / 4 is 50 MPa or more, so it is difficult to be broken when dropped on sand or asphalt.
- CS 1 in order to increase the asphalt drop strength is preferably at least 60 MPa, more 70MPa is more preferred.
- CS 1 is preferably equal to 120 MPa, more preferably at most 100 MPa, more preferably not more than 80 MPa.
- the present tempered glass has a compressive stress value (CS 2 ) at a point of DOL / 2 at a depth from the glass surface of 50 MPa or more, so it is hard to be broken even if it is damaged when it falls on sand or asphalt.
- CS 2 in order to increase the asphalt drop strength is preferably at least 60 MPa, more 70MPa is more preferred. If the size of CS 2 is too large, there is a great risk of fragments being scattered when the glass is broken. This is because CT becomes large. Therefore CS 2 is preferably equal to 120 MPa, more preferably at most 100 MPa, more preferably not more than 80 MPa.
- m 1 represented by the following formula is ⁇ 1.5 MPa / ⁇ m or more, CT is suppressed and it is difficult to cause severe destruction.
- m 1 is preferably ⁇ 1.0 MPa / ⁇ m or more, and more preferably ⁇ 0.8 MPa / ⁇ m or more.
- m 1 (CS 1 -CS 2 ) / (DOL / 4-DOL / 2)
- the chemically strengthened glass is a glass in which a compressive stress is formed on the glass surface, the compressive stress value on the outside of the glass as a whole is larger than the compressive stress value on the inside of the glass. Accordingly CS 1 which is outside of the compression stress value is usually greater than the CS 2 is the inner of the compression stress value, m 1, it is common a negative value. It is also possible to make m 1 a positive value by adjusting the stress profile, but in that case, a portion where the outer compressive stress value is smaller than the inner compressive stress value is locally generated inside the glass plate, Distortion is likely to occur in that portion.
- m 1 is preferably from 0.5 MPa / [mu] m, more preferably not more than 0.3 MPa / [mu] m, more preferably less 0 MPa / [mu] m, and particularly preferably -0.2MPa / ⁇ m. This is because generation of cracks on the end face can be suppressed.
- m 2 represented by the following formula is 0 MPa / ⁇ m or less and smaller than m 1 . That is, the ratio of m 1 to m 2 (m 1 / m 2 ) is less than 1.
- m 2 CS 2 / (DOL / 2-DOL)
- m 1 / m 2 is preferably 0.9 or less, more preferably 0.85 or less, more preferably 0.8 or less, more preferably more 0.75 or less, particularly preferably 0.7 or less. CT is suppressed because m 1 / m 2 is small.
- m 1 / m 2 is preferably ⁇ 0.2 or more, more preferably 0 or more, still more preferably 0.1 or more, and particularly preferably 0.25 or more. This is because the end face of the glass is less likely to be cracked.
- m 3 is more preferably more than 150 MPa / [mu] m, more preferably 180 MPa / [mu] m or more, still more preferably at least 200MPa / ⁇ m, 220MPa / ⁇ m or more are particularly preferred.
- m 3 is preferably at most 500 MPa / [mu] m, more preferably not more than 400 MPa / [mu] m, more preferably 300 MPa / [mu] m or less.
- the present tempered glass preferably has a maximum depth (D 50M ) of not less than (0.55 ⁇ DOL) ⁇ m, more preferably not less than (0.6 ⁇ DOL) ⁇ m, and a compression stress value of not less than 50 MPa. 65 ⁇ DOL) ⁇ m or more is more preferable. As a result, the asphalt drop strength is increased.
- the glass for chemical strengthening of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the present glass for strengthening) has a compressive stress value (CS) of the glass surface when immersed in a molten salt of sodium nitrate (NaNO 3 ) at 450 ° C. for 1 hour. It is preferable that it becomes 200 Mpa or more.
- the DOL at that time is preferably 40 ⁇ m or more.
- the CS when immersed in a molten salt of sodium nitrate at 450 ° C. for 1 hour is more preferably 250 MPa or more, still more preferably 300 MPa or more, particularly preferably 350 MPa or more, and most preferably 400 MPa or more.
- Such glasses can easily obtain high CS by chemical strengthening.
- the DOL when immersed in a molten salt of sodium nitrate at 450 ° C. for 1 hour is more preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 60 ⁇ m or more, and particularly preferably 70 ⁇ m or more.
- Such a glass for chemical strengthening can shorten the strengthening processing time.
- CS when immersed in a molten salt of sodium nitrate at 450 ° C. for 1 hour is preferably 700 MPa or less, more preferably 600 MPa or less, and still more preferably 500 MPa or less. 170 micrometers or less are preferable, as for DOL, 150 micrometers or less are more preferable, and 130 micrometers or less are more preferable.
- the glass for tempering preferably has a CS of 500 MPa or more when immersed in a molten salt of potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ) at 450 ° C. for 1 hour. Moreover, it is preferable that DOL in that case becomes 3 micrometers or more.
- the CS when immersed in a molten potassium nitrate salt at 450 ° C. for 1 hour is more preferably 600 MPa or more, still more preferably 700 MPa or more, and still more preferably 800 MPa or more.
- Such a glass for chemical strengthening can easily obtain a high CS, so it is easy to obtain a high strength chemically strengthened glass.
- the DOL when immersed in a molten potassium nitrate salt at 450 ° C. for 1 hour is more preferably 4 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 5 ⁇ m or more, and still more preferably 6 ⁇ m or more.
- Such tempering glass can shorten the tempering treatment time.
- CS when immersed in a molten salt of potassium nitrate at 450 ° C. for 1 hour is preferably 1400 MPa or less. More preferably, it is 1300 MPa or less, further preferably, 1100 MPa or less, and particularly preferably 900 MPa or less. 20 micrometers or less are preferable, as for DOL at the time of 1 hour immersion to the potassium nitrate molten salt of 450 degreeC, 15 micrometers or less are more preferable, and 10 micrometers or less are more preferable.
- This tempered glass has a DOL of 40 ⁇ m or more when immersed in sodium nitrate (NaNO 3 ) molten salt at 450 ° C. for 1 hour, and CS when immersed in potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ) molten salt at 450 ° C. for 1 hour Is more preferably 500 MPa or more. If it is such a glass for reinforcement
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the present strengthening glass is preferably 480 ° C. or higher in order to suppress stress relaxation during chemical strengthening.
- the Tg is more preferably 500 ° C. or more, further preferably 520 ° C. or more, in order to suppress stress relaxation and obtain a large compressive stress.
- Tg is preferably 700 ° C. or less because the ion diffusion rate becomes high at the time of chemical strengthening.
- the Tg is more preferably 650 ° C. or less, and still more preferably 600 ° C. or less.
- the Young's modulus of the present strengthening glass is preferably 70 GPa or more.
- the Young's modulus is preferably 110 GPa or less, more preferably 100 GPa or less, and still more preferably 90 GPa or less.
- the Vickers hardness of the present strengthening glass is preferably 575 or more. As the Vickers hardness of the glass for chemical strengthening is larger, the Vickers hardness after chemical strengthening is likely to be larger, and when the chemically strengthened glass falls, it is less likely to be damaged. Therefore, the Vickers hardness of the glass for chemical strengthening is preferably 600 or more, more preferably 625 or more. The Vickers hardness after chemical strengthening is preferably 600 or more, more preferably 625 or more, and still more preferably 650 or more.
- the Vickers hardness is preferably 800 or less, and more preferably 750 or less.
- the fracture toughness value of the present strengthening glass is preferably 0.7 MPa ⁇ m 1/2 or more. As the fracture toughness value is larger, the scattering of fragments tends to be suppressed when the chemically strengthened glass is broken.
- the fracture toughness value is more preferably 0.75 MPa ⁇ m 1/2 or more, still more preferably 0.8 MPa ⁇ m 1/2 or more.
- the fracture toughness value is usually 1 MPa ⁇ m 1/2 or less.
- the average thermal expansion coefficient ( ⁇ ) at 50 ° C. to 350 ° C. of the present strengthening glass is preferably 100 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 / ° C. or less.
- the average expansion coefficient ( ⁇ ) is more preferably 95 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 / ° C. or less, and still more preferably 90 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 / ° C. or less.
- the average thermal expansion coefficient ( ⁇ ) is preferably as small as possible in order to suppress warpage of the chemically strengthened glass, but is usually 60 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 / ° C. or more.
- the temperature (T 2 ) at which the viscosity is 10 2 dPa ⁇ s is preferably 1750 ° C. or less, more preferably 1700 ° C. or less, and still more preferably 1680 ° C. or less. T 2 is usually at least 1400 ° C.
- the temperature (T 4 ) at which the viscosity is 10 4 dPa ⁇ s is preferably 1350 ° C. or less, more preferably 1300 ° C. or less, and still more preferably 1250 ° C. or less.
- T 4 is usually at least 1000 ° C.
- the liquidus temperature of the glass for chemical strengthening is preferably (T 4 +50) ° C. or less. Such glass is easy to manufacture by the float method.
- the liquidus temperature is more preferably (T 4 +25) ° C. or less, and still more preferably T 4 ° C. or less.
- This reinforcing glass by mass percentage based on oxides, SiO 2 50 ⁇ 80%, the Al 2 O 3 15 ⁇ 25% , B 2 O 3 and 0 ⁇ 10%, Li 2 O 2-10 %, Containing 0 to 10% of Na 2 O and 0 to 10% of K 2 O, and the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO (MgO + CaO + SrO + BaO) is 0 to 10%, and ZrO 2 and TiO 2
- the total content of (ZrO 2 + TiO 2 ) is preferably 0 to 5%.
- the content is 10 to 10%, 0.5 to 10% of K 2 O, 0 to 10% of (MgO + CaO + SrO + BaO), and 0 to 5% of (ZrO 2 + TiO 2 ).
- Such glasses tend to form a favorable stress profile by chemical strengthening treatment. Hereinafter, this preferable glass composition is demonstrated.
- SiO 2 is a component constituting the skeleton of glass. In addition, it is a component that enhances chemical durability, and is a component that reduces the occurrence of cracks when the glass surface is scratched.
- the content of SiO 2 is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 55% or more, and still more preferably 58% or more. Further, in order to enhance the meltability of the glass, the content of SiO 2 is preferably 80% or less, more preferably 75% or less, and still more preferably 70% or less.
- Al 2 O 3 is an effective component to improve the ion exchange property during chemical strengthening and to increase the surface compressive stress after strengthening, and is a component to increase the glass transition temperature (Tg) and increase the Young's modulus. Also, 13% or more is preferable, and 15% or more is more preferable. Further, the content of Al 2 O 3 is preferably 28% or less, more preferably 26% or less, and still more preferably 25% or less in order to enhance the meltability.
- B 2 O 3 is not essential, but can be added to improve the meltability at the time of glass production and the like.
- the content in the case of containing B 2 O 3 is preferably 0.5% or more, more preferably 1% or more, and further preferably 2% or more. Further, the content of B 2 O 3 is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less, still more preferably 3% or less, and most preferably 1% or less. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of striae during melting and the deterioration of the quality of the glass for chemical strengthening. It is preferable not containing B 2 O 3 substantially in order to increase the acid resistance.
- Li 2 O is a component that forms surface compressive stress by ion exchange.
- the content of Li 2 O is preferably 2% or more, more preferably 3% or more, and still more preferably 4% or more, in order to increase the compressive stress layer depth DOL. Further, in order to enhance the chemical durability of the glass, the content of Li 2 O is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 8% or less, and still more preferably 7% or less.
- Na 2 O is a component that forms a surface compressive stress layer by ion exchange using a molten salt containing potassium, and is also a component that improves the meltability of glass.
- the content of Na 2 O is preferably 0.5% or more, more preferably 1% or more, and still more preferably 1.5% or more.
- the content of Na 2 O is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 8% or less, and still more preferably 6% or less.
- K 2 O is not essential, it may be contained to improve the meltability of the glass and to suppress the devitrification.
- the content of K 2 O is preferably 0.5% or more, more preferably 1% or more.
- the content of K 2 O is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 9% or less, and still more preferably 8% or less, in order to increase the compressive stress value by ion exchange.
- Alkali metal oxides such as Li 2 O, Na 2 O and K 2 O are all components that lower the melting temperature of glass, and it is preferable to contain 5% or more in total.
- Li 2 O, Na 2 O, the total content of K 2 O (Li 2 O + Na 2 O + K 2 O) is preferably at least 5%, more preferably at least 7%, more preferably 8% or more.
- (Li 2 O + Na 2 O + K 2 O) is preferably at most 20%, more preferably at most 18%.
- alkaline earth metal oxides such as MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO are all components for enhancing the meltability of glass, they tend to lower the ion exchange performance. 10% or less is preferable and, as for the sum total (MgO + CaO + SrO + BaO) of content of MgO, CaO, SrO, and BaO, 5% or less is more preferable.
- MgO in the case of containing any of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO, it is preferable to contain MgO in order to increase the strength of the chemically strengthened glass. 0.1% or more is preferable and, as for content in the case of containing MgO, 0.5% or more is more preferable. Moreover, in order to make ion exchange performance high, 10% or less is preferable, and 5% or less is more preferable.
- the content in the case of containing CaO is preferably 0.5% or more, more preferably 1% or more. In order to raise ion exchange performance, 5% or less is preferable, 1% or less is more preferable, and it is still more preferable not to contain substantially.
- the content of SrO is preferably 0.5% or more, more preferably 1% or more. In order to raise ion exchange performance, 5% or less is preferable, 1% or less is more preferable, and it is still more preferable not to contain substantially.
- the content in the case of containing BaO is preferably 0.5% or more, more preferably 1% or more. In order to raise ion exchange performance, 5% or less is preferable, 1% or less is more preferable, and it is still more preferable not to contain substantially.
- ZnO is a component for improving the meltability of glass, and may be contained.
- the content of ZnO is preferably 0.2% or more, more preferably 0.5% or more.
- the content of ZnO is preferably 5% or less, more preferably 1% or less, and still more preferably substantially free.
- TiO 2 is a component that suppresses the scattering of fragments at the time of breakage of the chemically strengthened glass, and may be contained.
- the content in the case of containing TiO 2 is preferably 0.1% or more.
- the content of TiO 2 is preferably 5% or less, more preferably 1% or less, and still more preferably substantially non-containing, in order to suppress devitrification during melting.
- ZrO 2 is a component that increases surface compressive stress by ion exchange, and may be contained.
- the content of ZrO 2 is preferably 0.5% or more, more preferably 1% or more.
- 5% or less is preferable, and 3% or less is more preferable.
- the content of TiO 2 and ZrO 2 is preferably 5% or less, more preferably 3% or less.
- Y 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 and Nb 2 O 5 are components for suppressing the fracture of the chemically strengthened glass, and may be contained.
- the content of each of these components is preferably 0.5% or more, more preferably 1% or more, still more preferably 1.5% or more, particularly preferably 2% or more, and most preferably It is 2.5% or more.
- the total content of Y 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 and Nb 2 O 5 is preferably 9% or less, more preferably 8% or less. In such a case, it is possible to prevent the glass from being devitrified at the time of melting and the quality of the chemically strengthened glass from being degraded.
- the content of each of Y 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 and Nb 2 O 5 is preferably 3% or less, more preferably 2% or less, still more preferably 1% or less, particularly preferably 0.7% or less Most preferably, it is 0.3% or less.
- Ta 2 O 5 and Gd 2 O 3 may be contained in a small amount to suppress crushing of the chemically strengthened glass, but the refractive index and the reflectance become high, so 1% or less is preferable and 0.5% or less respectively Is more preferable, and it is even more preferable that it does not contain substantially.
- P 2 O 5 may be contained to improve ion exchange performance.
- the content in the case of containing P 2 O 5 is preferably 0.5% or more, more preferably 1% or more.
- the content of P 2 O 5 is preferably 2% or less, and it is more preferable that the content not be substantially contained.
- a coloring component may be added in the range which does not inhibit achievement of a desired chemical-strengthening characteristic.
- a coloring component for example, Co 3 O 4 , MnO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , NiO, CuO, Cr 2 O 3 , V 2 O 5 , Bi 2 O 3 , SeO 2 , TiO 2 , CeO 2 , Er 2 O 3 and Nd 2 O 3 can be mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination.
- the content of the coloring component is preferably 7% or less in total. Thereby, the devitrification of the glass can be suppressed.
- the content of the coloring component is more preferably 5% or less, still more preferably 3% or less, and particularly preferably 1% or less. When it is desired to increase the visible light transmittance of the glass, it is preferable that these components be substantially absent.
- SO 3 chlorides, fluorides or the like may also contain appropriate. It is preferable not to contain As 2 O 3 substantially. When Sb 2 O 3 is contained, it is preferably 0.3% or less, more preferably 0.1% or less, and most preferably substantially non-containing.
- the tempered glass is preferably a chemically tempered glass in which the tempered glass for the above composition is chemically tempered, and the matrix composition is the same as the composition of the glass for chemical tempering. That is, for example, the reinforced glass, by mass percentage based on oxides, SiO 2 55 ⁇ 80%, the Al 2 O 3 15 ⁇ 28% , the B 2 O 3 0 ⁇ 10% , the Li 2 O 2 10 to 10%, 0.5 to 10% of Na 2 O and 0 to 10% of K 2 O, and the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO (MgO + CaO + SrO + BaO) is 0 to 10% and ZrO 2 It is preferable that the total of the content of TiO 2 and TiO 2 (ZrO 2 + TiO 2 ) is 0 to 5%.
- Chemically tempered glass is produced by chemically strengthening a glass for chemical strengthening produced by a general glass production method.
- the chemical strengthening treatment is a treatment in which the surface of the glass is subjected to an ion exchange treatment to form a surface layer having a compressive stress.
- the ion exchange treatment is performed at a temperature below the glass transition temperature of the glass for chemical strengthening, and a metal ion (typically, Li ion or Na ion) existing near the surface of the glass plate, Replace with an ion having a larger ion radius (typically, Na ion or K ion for Li ion, K ion for Na ion).
- the present tempered glass can be produced, for example, by subjecting a glass for chemical strengthening having the composition described above to a chemical strengthening treatment.
- the glass for chemical strengthening can be produced, for example, as follows.
- the following manufacturing method is an example in the case of manufacturing plate-shaped chemically strengthened glass.
- a glass material is prepared and heated and melted in a glass melting furnace so that a glass of the above-mentioned preferable composition is obtained. Thereafter, the glass is homogenized by bubbling, stirring, addition of a clarifying agent, etc., and formed into a glass plate of a predetermined thickness by a conventionally known forming method, and gradually cooled. Alternatively, it may be formed into a plate shape by a method of forming into a block shape and annealing and then cutting.
- the float method As a method of shape
- the float method In particular, in the case of producing a large glass plate, the float method is preferred. Further, continuous molding methods other than the float method, for example, the fusion method and the down draw method are also preferable.
- the glass obtained by molding is subjected to grinding and polishing treatment as needed to form a glass plate.
- the end face is subjected to the chemical strengthening treatment Is also preferable because a compressive stress layer is formed.
- the formed glass sheet is subjected to a chemical strengthening treatment, followed by washing and drying to obtain a chemically strengthened glass.
- Chemical strengthening treatment involves contacting the glass with the metal salt by, for example, immersing in a melt of a metal salt (for example, potassium nitrate) containing a metal ion having a large ion radius (typically, Na ion or K ion) , A metal ion of small ion radius (typically, Na ion or Li ion) and a metal ion of large ion radius (typically, Li ion for Na ion or K ion in glass, Na
- This process is a process of substituting K ions for ions.
- Na—K exchange in which Na ions in the glass are exchanged with K ions.
- nitrate, a sulfate, carbonate, a chloride etc. examples include lithium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, cesium nitrate, silver nitrate and the like.
- examples of the sulfate include lithium sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, cesium sulfate, silver sulfate and the like.
- Examples of the chloride include lithium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, cesium chloride, silver chloride and the like.
- the present tempered glass can be produced, for example, using the tempering treatment method 1 or the tempering treatment method 2 described below.
- first metal salt containing sodium (Na) ion
- first-stage treatment a metal salt (eg, sodium nitrate) containing Na ions at about 350 to 500 ° C. for about 0.1 to 24 hours.
- the processing time of the first stage is preferably 12 hours or less, more preferably 6 hours or less.
- a deep compressive stress layer is formed on the glass surface, and a stress profile in which CS is 200 MPa or more and DOL is 1/8 or more of the plate thickness can be formed. Also, a large D 50 M can be obtained.
- the glass after the first-step processing has a stress profile in DOL / 2 to DOL in which the absolute value of the slope of the stress profile in DOL / 4 to DOL / 2 corresponding to m 1 described above corresponds to m 2 described above Greater than the absolute value of the slope of
- the glass at the stage after the first stage processing has a large CT, fragments are easily scattered at the time of destruction. However, a large CT at this stage is rather preferable, as later processing will improve debris shattering. 90 MPa or more is preferable, as for CT of the glass which finished 1st process, 100 MPa or more is more preferable, and 110 MPa or more is more preferable. It is because D50M becomes large by it.
- the first metal salt is an alkali metal salt, and the alkali metal ion contains the largest amount of Na ion. Although it may contain Li ions, 2% or less is preferable, 1% or less is more preferable, and 0.2% or less is more preferable with respect to 100% of the number of moles of alkali ions. Moreover, you may contain K ion. 20% or less of a K ion is preferable with respect to the number-of-moles 100% of the alkali ion contained in a 1st metal salt, and 5% or less is more preferable.
- a metal salt containing lithium (Li) ion (second metal salt) is brought into contact with the glass which has been subjected to the first treatment, and ions of Li ions in the metal salt and Na ions in the glass The exchange reduces the compressive stress value near the surface layer.
- This process may be referred to as "second-stage process".
- the substrate is immersed in a metal salt containing Na and Li (for example, a mixed salt of sodium nitrate and lithium nitrate) at about 350 to 500 ° C. for about 0.1 to 24 hours.
- the processing time for the second stage is preferably 12 hours or less, more preferably 6 hours or less.
- the absolute value of the slope of the stress profile in DOL / 4 to DOL / 2 corresponding to the above m 1 by the second stage processing is the absolute value of the slope of the stress profile on DOL / 2 to DOL corresponding to the above m 2 It becomes smaller than. As a result, CT becomes smaller.
- the second stage treatment does not affect the stress profile of the deep part of the glass, D 50 M is not reduced even by the second stage treatment.
- the glass that has been subjected to the second stage treatment can reduce the internal tensile stress while maintaining a large D50M, and will not undergo severe cracking when cracking.
- the second metal salt is an alkali metal salt, and preferably contains Na ions and Li ions as alkali metal ions. Nitrate is also preferred.
- the total number of moles of Na ion and Li ion is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, and still more preferably 80% or more based on 100% of the number of moles of alkali metal ions contained in the second metal salt. .
- By adjusting the Na / Li molar ratio it is possible to control the stress profile in DOL / 4 to DOL / 2.
- the optimal value of Na / Li molar ratio of a 2nd metal salt changes with glass compositions, 0.3 or more are preferable, for example, 0.5 or more are more preferable, and 1 or more are more preferable.
- the Na / Li ratio is preferably 100 or less, more preferably 60 or less, and still more preferably 40 or less.
- the mass ratio of sodium nitrate to lithium nitrate is, for example, preferably 25:75 to 99: 1, more preferably 50:50 to 98: 2, and 70 The preferred range is from 30 to 97: 3.
- the glass after the second treatment is brought into contact with a metal salt (third metal salt) containing potassium (K) ion to exchange K ions in the metal salt with Na ions in the glass.
- a metal salt for example, potassium nitrate
- K potassium ion exchange treatment
- the substrate is immersed for about 0.1 to 10 hours in a metal salt (for example, potassium nitrate) containing K ions at about 350 to 500.degree.
- a large compressive stress can be formed in the region of about 0 to 10 ⁇ m of the glass surface layer.
- the third metal salt is an alkali metal salt and may contain Li ion as an alkali metal ion, but the Li ion is preferably 2% or less, more preferably 1% or less with respect to 100% of the number of atoms of the alkali metal. And 0.2% or less is more preferable. Also, the content of Na ion is preferably 2% or less, more preferably 1% or less, and still more preferably 0.2% or less.
- the productivity is high, which is preferable.
- the sum total of processing time 15 hours or less are more preferable, and 10 hours or less are more preferable.
- (Reinforcement processing method 2) In the strengthening treatment method 2, first, the first metal salt containing sodium (Na) ion is brought into contact with a glass for chemical strengthening containing Li 2 O, and Na ion in the metal salt and Li ion in the glass Perform the first stage treatment to cause ion exchange with The processing in the first stage is the same as in the case of the reinforcement processing method 1, and therefore the description thereof is omitted.
- the second stage treatment is performed, for example, by holding the glass which has been subjected to the first stage treatment at a temperature of 350 ° C. or more in the atmosphere for a certain period of time.
- the holding temperature is a temperature equal to or lower than the strain point of the chemical strengthening glass, and is preferably 10 ° C. or more higher than the processing temperature of the first stage, and more preferably the same temperature as the processing temperature of the first stage. According to this process, it is considered that the CT decreases due to the thermal diffusion of the alkali ions introduced to the glass surface in the first-stage process.
- the third metal salt containing potassium (K) ions is brought into contact with the glass which has been subjected to the second treatment, and the glass surface is obtained by ion exchange between K ions in the metal salt and Na ions in the glass. Generate large compressive stress.
- This ion exchange treatment may be referred to as "third-step treatment".
- the processing at the third stage is the same as in the case of the reinforcement processing method 1, and therefore the description thereof is omitted.
- the productivity is high, which is preferable.
- the sum total of processing time 15 hours or less are more preferable, and 10 hours or less are more preferable.
- the stress profile can be precisely controlled by adjusting the composition of the second metal salt used for the second stage treatment and the treatment temperature.
- chemically tempered glass having excellent properties can be obtained at low cost by relatively simple treatment.
- the processing conditions of the chemical strengthening treatment may be appropriately selected from the time and temperature in consideration of the characteristics and composition of the glass, the type of the molten salt, and the like.
- the chemically strengthened glass of the present invention is particularly useful as a cover glass used for mobile devices such as mobile phones and smart phones. Furthermore, it is useful also for the cover glass of display apparatuses, such as a television, a personal computer, and a touch panel, not for the purpose of carrying, an elevator wall surface, and a wall surface (full surface display) of buildings such as houses and buildings. In addition, it is useful as building materials such as window glass, table tops, interiors of automobiles and airplanes, etc., and as cover glasses for those, and applications such as housings having a curved surface shape.
- the raw materials for the glass were prepared so as to have the compositions of glasses 1, 2 and 4 to 8 shown by the mass percentage display of the oxide standard in Table 2, and weighed so as to be 1000 g as glass.
- the mixed raw materials were put into a platinum crucible, placed in an electric furnace at 1500 to 1700 ° C., melted for about 3 hours, defoamed and homogenized.
- the obtained molten glass was poured into a mold and held at a temperature of (glass transition temperature + 50) ° C for 1 hour, and then cooled to room temperature at a rate of 0.5 ° C / min to obtain a glass block.
- the obtained glass block was cut and ground, and finally both surfaces were mirror-polished to obtain a glass plate having a thickness (t) of 800 ⁇ m.
- the glass 3 was manufactured by the float method.
- T L ⁇ Liquid phase temperature
- Examples 1 to 3 and 8 to 12 are Examples, and Examples 4 to 7 are Comparative Examples.
- Example 1 A plate of glass 1 was immersed in sodium nitrate salt at 450 ° C. for 3 hours. Next, it was immersed for 3 hours in a sodium nitrate-lithium nitrate mixed salt (weight ratio 85: 15) at 375 ° C. Next, it was immersed in potassium nitrate salt at 400 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a chemically strengthened glass plate (total strengthening time 7 hours).
- Example 2 The same procedure as Example 1 was followed, except that the plate of Glass 1 was immersed in sodium nitrate salt at 450 ° C.
- Example 3 After immersing the plate of glass 2 in sodium nitrate salt at 450 ° C. for 3 hours, it is kept at 450 ° C. in the atmosphere for 3 hours and then dipped in potassium nitrate salt at 400 ° C. for 0.5 hour to obtain chemically strengthened glass (Total consolidation time 6.5 hours).
- Example 4 A plate of glass 1 was immersed in a potassium nitrate-sodium nitrate mixed salt (weight ratio 90:10) at 450 ° C. for 1.5 hours to obtain a chemically strengthened glass plate (total strengthening time 1.5 hours).
- Example 5 The plate of glass 1 was immersed in sodium nitrate salt at 450 ° C. for 2 hours, and then immersed in potassium nitrate salt at 450 ° C. for 4 hours to obtain a chemically strengthened glass plate (total strengthening time 6 hours).
- Example 6 The plate of glass 1 was immersed in sodium nitrate salt at 450 ° C. for 3 hours, and then immersed in potassium nitrate salt at 400 ° C.
- Example 7 The plate of glass 3 was immersed in potassium nitrate salt at 450 ° C. for 4 hours, then held in air at 500 ° C. for 5 hours, and then immersed in potassium nitrate salt at 400 ° C. for 15 minutes to obtain a chemically strengthened glass plate (total strengthening Time 9.25 hours).
- Example 8 A plate of glass 4 was immersed in sodium nitrate salt at 450 ° C. for 4 hours, then kept in air at 450 ° C. for 1 hour, and then immersed in potassium nitrate salt at 400 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a chemically strengthened glass plate ( Total consolidation time 6 hours).
- Example 9 to 11 The glass plates described in Table 4 are each immersed in sodium nitrate salt at 450 ° C. for 4 hours, and then held at 450 ° C. in the atmosphere for 3 hours, and then immersed in potassium nitrate salt at 400 ° C. for 1 hour to chemically tempered glass plates. Obtained (total consolidation time 8 hours).
- Example 12 The glass plate of glass 8 was immersed in sodium nitrate salt at 450 ° C. for 3 hours, then held at 450 ° C. in air for 1 hour, and then immersed in potassium nitrate salt at 450 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a chemically strengthened glass plate (total Strengthening time of 5 hours).
- m 1 (CS 1 -CS 2 ) / (DOL / 4-DOL / 2)
- m 2 CS 2 / (DOL / 2-DOL)
- m 3 (CS 0 -CS 3 ) /2.5
- CT tensile stress value
- a chemically strengthened glass plate is used as a cover glass of a smartphone, attached to a housing simulating a smartphone, and dropped onto a flat asphalt surface.
- the combined weight of the chemically strengthened glass plate and the housing was about 140 g.
- the test was started from a height of 30 cm, and if the chemically strengthened glass plate was not broken, the test of raising the height by 10 cm and dropping it was repeated, and the height at break [cm] was recorded. This test was made into one set, and 10 sets were repeated, and the average value of the height at the time of breakage was made into "falling height" (cm).
- the blanks in Tables 3 and 4 mean that they have not been measured.
- a 20 mm square chemically strengthened glass plate is broken by an indenter press-in test in which a load of 3 to 10 kgf is held for 15 seconds using a diamond indenter having an indenter angle of 90 degrees facing angle, and broken pieces of chemically strengthened glass The number of fractures (number of fractures) was measured.
- Example 1 having a preferred stress profile was excellent in asphalt drop resistance and had a small number of fractures.
- Examples 4 and 5 in which m 1 / m 2 is large, the asphalt drop strength was inferior even if CS 1 and CS 2 were large.
- Example 6 where m 1 and m 2 were small, the CT was large, so the sample was vigorously crushed.
- Example 7 with small DOL had low asphalt falling strength.
- Examples 2, 3 and 8 to 12 are examples in which the reinforcing conditions and the glass composition are changed with respect to Example 1, but similar to Example 1, they have a preferable stress profile and high asphalt drop strength Can be expected.
Abstract
Description
化学強化ガラスは、アルカリ金属イオン等の金属イオンを含む溶融塩にガラスを接触させて、ガラス中の金属イオンと、溶融塩中の金属イオンとの間でイオン交換を生じさせることで、ガラス表面に圧縮応力層を形成したガラスである。化学強化ガラスの強度は、ガラス表面からの深さを変数とする圧縮応力値で表される応力プロファイルに強く依存する。
本発明は、アスファルト落下強度が高く、かつ破壊した時に破片が飛散しにくい化学強化ガラスの提供を目的とする。
ガラス板がアスファルト上に落下した際には、アスファルト表面の突起物によってガラス板内部に微小なクラックが生成する。生成した微小クラックが伝搬して大きくなると、ガラス板が破壊する。微小クラックの伝搬は、50MPa程度の圧縮応力によって抑制され得る。したがって、50MPaの圧縮応力値が得られる最大深さが大きければ、比較的大きい突起物によってガラス内部に微小クラックが生じても、破壊が生じにくいと考えた。
<1> ガラス表面に圧縮応力層を有する、板状の化学強化ガラスであって、
ガラス表面の圧縮応力値(CS0)が500MPa以上であり、
板厚(t)が400μm以上であり、
圧縮応力層深さ(DOL)が(t×0.15)μm以上であり、
ガラス表面からの深さが前記DOLの1/4の点における圧縮応力値(CS1)が50MPa以上であり、
ガラス表面からの深さが前記DOLの1/2の点における圧縮応力値(CS2)が50MPa以上であり、
以下の式で表されるm1が-1.5MPa/μm以上であり、m2が0MPa/μm以下であり、かつ前記m2が前記m1より小さい化学強化ガラス。
m1=(CS1-CS2)/(DOL/4-DOL/2)
m2=CS2/(DOL/2-DOL)
<2> ガラス表面に圧縮応力層を有する、板状の化学強化ガラスであって、
ガラス表面の圧縮応力値(CS0)が500MPa以上であり、
圧縮応力層深さ(DOL)が100μm以上であり、
ガラス表面からの深さが前記DOLの1/4の点における圧縮応力値(CS1)が50MPa以上であり、
ガラス表面からの深さが前記DOLの1/2の点における圧縮応力値(CS2)が50MPa以上であり、
以下の式で表されるm1が-1.5MPa/μm以上であり、m2が0MPa/μm以下であり、かつ前記m2が前記m1より小さい化学強化ガラス。
m1=(CS1-CS2)/(DOL/4-DOL/2)
m2=CS2/(DOL/2-DOL)
<3> 圧縮応力値が50MPa以上である最大の深さが前記DOLに対して(0.55×DOL)μm以上である前記<1>または<2>に記載の化学強化ガラス。
<4> 前記m1及び前記m2の比(m1/m2)が0.9より小さい前記<1>~<3>のいずれか一に記載の化学強化ガラス。
<5> 前記m1が0.5MPa/μm以下である前記<1>~<4>のいずれか一に記載の化学強化ガラス。
<6> 内部引張応力値が100MPaより小さい前記<1>~<5>のいずれか一に記載の化学強化ガラス。
<7> ガラス表面からの深さが2.5μmの点における圧縮応力値(CS3)に対し、以下の式で表されるm3が120MPa/μm以上である前記<1>~<6>のいずれか一に記載の化学強化ガラス。
m3=(CS0-CS3)/2.5
<8> 化学強化ガラスの母組成が、酸化物基準の質量百分率表示で
SiO2 55~80%、
Al2O3 15~28%、
B2O3 0~10%、
Li2O 2~10%、
Na2O 0.5~10%、
K2O 0~10%、
(MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO) 0~10%、及び
(ZrO2+TiO2) 0~5%、
を含む前記<1>~<7>のいずれか一に記載の化学強化ガラス。
次に、Liイオンを含む金属塩に接触させてイオン交換し、
次に、Kイオンを含む金属塩に接触させてイオン交換する工程を含む、化学強化ガラスの製造方法。
<10> Li2Oを含有する化学強化用ガラスを、Naイオンを含む金属塩に接触させてイオン交換し、
次に金属塩に接触させずに熱処理し、
次にKイオンを含む金属塩に接触させてイオン交換する工程を含む、化学強化ガラスの製造方法。
<11> 前記化学強化用ガラスが酸化物基準の質量百分率表示で、SiO2 55~80%、Al2O3 15~28%、B2O3 0~10%、Li2O 2~10%、Na2O 0.5~10%、K2O 0~10%、(MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO) 0~10%、及び(ZrO2+TiO2) 0~5%、を含む前記<9>または<10>に記載の化学強化ガラスの製造方法。
<12> 酸化物基準の質量百分率表示でSiO2 55~75%、Al2O3 15~25%、B2O3 0~10%、Li2O 2~10%、Na2O 1~10%、K2O 0.5~10%、(MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO) 0~10%、及び(ZrO2+TiO2) 0~5%、を含む化学強化用ガラス。
応力プロファイルは、例えば、ガラスの断面を薄片化したものを用いて、複屈折イメージングシステムで解析することで得られる。複屈折イメージングシステムとしては、例えば、株式会社東京インスツルメンツ製複屈折イメージングシステムAbrio-IMがある。また、散乱光光弾性を利用しても測定できる。この方法では、ガラスの表面から光を入射し、その散乱光の偏光を解析する。
「内部引張応力CT」は、ガラスの板厚tの1/2の深さにおける引張応力値をいう。
本明細書において、「化学強化ガラスの母組成」とは、化学強化用ガラスのガラス組成であり、極端なイオン交換処理がされた場合を除いて、化学強化ガラスのDOLより深い部分のガラス組成は化学強化ガラスの母組成である。
また、本明細書において「実質的に含有しない」とは、原材料等に含まれる不純物レベル以下である、つまり意図的に含有させたものではないことをいう。具体的には、たとえば0.1%未満である。
本発明の化学強化ガラス(以下、「本強化ガラス」ということがある。)は板状であり、通常は平坦な板状であるが、曲面状でもよい。
本強化ガラスの板厚(t)は、400μm以上が好ましく、600μm以上がより好ましく、700μm以上がさらに好ましい。これはガラスの強度が高くなるからである。強度を高くするためには、板厚(t)は大きいほどよいが、tが大きすぎると重量が大きくなるので、2000μm以下が好ましく、1000μm以下がより好ましい。
一方、DOLは(t×0.3)μm以下が好ましく、(t×0.25)μm以下がより好ましく、(t×0.22)μm以下がさらに好ましい。これは内部引張応力(CT)が抑制されるからである。
なお、CTは110MPa以下であると、化学強化ガラスが破壊した時に破片が飛散しにくいので好ましい。CTは、より好ましくは100MPa以下、さらに好ましくは90MPa以下である。
本強化ガラスは、ガラス表面からの深さがDOL/2の点における圧縮応力値(CS2)が50MPa以上なので砂やアスファルト上に落下した際に傷が生じても割れにくい。アスファルト落下強度を大きくするためにCS2は、60MPa以上が好ましく、70MPa以上がより好ましい。CS2は、大きすぎるとガラスが破壊した時に破片が飛散する恐れが大きくなる。これはCTが大きくなるからである。そのためCS2は、120MPa以下が好ましく、100MPa以下がより好ましく、80MPa以下がさらに好ましい。
m1=(CS1-CS2)/(DOL/4-DOL/2)
m1は0.5MPa/μm以下が好ましく、0.3MPa/μm以下がより好ましく、0MPa/μm以下がさらに好ましく、-0.2MPa/μm以下が特に好ましい。これは端面にクラックが発生することを抑制できるからである。
m2=CS2/(DOL/2-DOL)
m3=(CS0-CS3)/2.5
本発明の化学強化用ガラス(以下、本強化用ガラスということがある。)は、450℃の硝酸ナトリウム(NaNO3)溶融塩に1時間浸漬した際のガラス表面の圧縮応力値(CS)が200MPa以上となることが好ましい。また、その際のDOLは40μm以上が好ましい。
450℃の硝酸ナトリウム溶融塩に1時間浸漬した際のCSは、より好ましくは250MPa以上、さらに好ましくは300MPa以上、特に好ましくは350MPa以上、最も好ましくは400MPa以上である。そのようなガラスは、化学強化によって容易に高いCSが得られる。
450℃の硝酸カリウム溶融塩に1時間浸漬した際のCSは、より好ましくは600MPa以上、さらに好ましくは700MPa以上、さらに好ましくは800MPa以上である。そのような化学強化用ガラスは、容易に高いCSが得られるので、高強度の化学強化ガラスが得られやすい。
そのような強化用ガラスであれば、ナトリウム塩とカリウム塩とを用いた化学強化処理によって、CSが大きく、DOLが大きく、かつCTが抑制された化学強化ガラスを得やすいからである。
またTgは、化学強化時にイオン拡散速度が速くなるために、700℃以下が好ましい。深いDOLを得やすいために、Tgは650℃以下がより好ましく、600℃以下がさらに好ましい。
なお、化学強化後のビッカース硬度は600以上が好ましく、625以上がより好ましく、650以上がさらに好ましい。
破壊靱性値は、通常は1MPa・m1/2以下である。
化学強化ガラスの反りを抑制するためには、平均熱膨張係数(α)は小さい程好ましいが、通常は60×10-7/℃以上である。
酸化物基準の質量百分率表示で、SiO2を55~80%、Al2O3を15~28%、B2O3を0~10%、Li2Oを2~10%、Na2Oを0.5~10%及びK2Oを0~10%を含有し、MgO、CaO、SrO、BaOの含有量の合計(MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO)が0~10%かつZrO2とTiO2の含有量の合計(ZrO2+TiO2)が0~5%であることがより好ましい。
酸化物基準の質量百分率表示でSiO2が55~75%、Al2O3が15~25%、B2O3が0~10%、Li2Oが2~10%、Na2Oが1~10%、K2Oが0.5~10%、(MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO)が0~10%及び(ZrO2+TiO2)が0~5%であるとさらに好ましい。
そのようなガラスは、化学強化処理によって好ましい応力プロファイルを形成しやすい。以下、この好ましいガラス組成について説明する。
また、ガラスの溶融性を高くするためにSiO2の含有量は80%以下が好ましく、75%以下がより好ましく、70%以下がさらに好ましい。
また、Al2O3の含有量は、溶融性を高くするために好ましくは28%以下、より好ましくは26%以下、さらに好ましくは25%以下である。
また、B2O3の含有量は、好ましくは10%以下、より好ましくは5%以下、さらに好ましくは3%以下、最も好ましくは1%以下である。それによって、溶融時に脈理が発生し化学強化用ガラスの品質が低下するのを防ぐことができる。なお、耐酸性を高くするためにはB2O3を実質的に含有しないことが好ましい。
また、ガラスの化学的耐久性を高くするためにLi2Oの含有量は10%以下が好ましく、8%以下がより好ましく、7%以下がさらに好ましい。
また、Na2Oの含有量は、好ましくは10%以下であり、より好ましくは8%以下、さらに好ましくは6%以下である。
また、K2Oの含有量はイオン交換による圧縮応力値を大きくするために、好ましくは10%以下、より好ましくは9%以下、さらに好ましくは8%以下である。
(Li2O+Na2O+K2O)は、ガラスの強度を維持するために20%以下が好ましく、18%以下がより好ましい。
MgO、CaO、SrO、BaOの含有量の合計(MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO)は10%以下が好ましく、5%以下がより好ましい。
MgOを含有する場合の含有量は0.1%以上が好ましく、0.5%以上がより好ましい。
またイオン交換性能を高くするために10%以下が好ましく、5%以下がより好ましい。
すなわち、例えば本強化ガラスは、酸化物基準の質量百分率表示で、SiO2を55~80%、Al2O3を15~28%、B2O3を0~10%、Li2Oを2~10%、Na2Oを0.5~10%及びK2Oを0~10%を含有し、MgO、CaO、SrO、BaOの含有量の合計(MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO)が0~10%かつZrO2とTiO2の含有量の合計(ZrO2+TiO2)が0~5%であることが好ましい。
化学強化ガラスは、一般的なガラス製造方法によって製造された化学強化用ガラスを化学強化処理して製造される。
化学強化処理は、ガラスの表面にイオン交換処理を施し、圧縮応力を有する表面層を形成させる処理である。具体的には、化学強化用ガラスのガラス転移点以下の温度でイオン交換処理を行い、ガラス板表面付近に存在するイオン半径が小さな金属イオン(典型的には、LiイオンまたはNaイオン)を、イオン半径のより大きいイオン(典型的には、Liイオンに対してはNaイオンまたはKイオンであり、Naイオンに対してはKイオン)に置換する。
化学強化用ガラスは、例えば、以下のようにして製造できる。なお、下記の製造方法は、板状の化学強化ガラスを製造する場合の例である。
化学強化処理は、大きなイオン半径の金属イオン(典型的には、NaイオンまたはKイオン)を含む金属塩(例えば、硝酸カリウム)の融液に浸漬する等の方法で、ガラスを金属塩に接触させ、ガラス中の小さなイオン半径の金属イオン(典型的には、NaイオンまたはLiイオン)と大きなイオン半径の金属イオン(典型的には、Liイオンに対してはNaイオンまたはKイオンであり、Naイオンに対してはKイオン)とを置換させる処理である。
化学強化処理の速度を早くするためには、ガラス中のLiイオンをNaイオンと交換する「Li-Na交換」を利用することが好ましい。またイオン交換により大きな圧縮応力を形成するためには、ガラス中のNaイオンをKイオンと交換する「Na-K交換」を利用することが好ましい。
強化処理方法1においては、まず、ナトリウム(Na)イオンを含む金属塩(第一の金属塩)に、Li2Oを含有する化学強化用ガラスを接触させて、金属塩中のNaイオンとガラス中のLiイオンとのイオン交換を起こさせる。以下ではこのイオン交換処理を「1段目の処理」と呼ぶことがある。
1段目の処理は、たとえば化学強化用ガラスを350~500℃程度のNaイオンを含む金属塩(例えば硝酸ナトリウム)に0.1~24時間程度浸漬する。生産性を向上するためには、1段目の処理時間は12時間以下が好ましく、6時間以下がより好ましい。
具体的には、たとえば350~500℃程度のNaとLiを含む金属塩(例えば硝酸ナトリウムと硝酸リチウムの混合塩)に0.1~24時間程度浸漬する。生産性を向上するためには、2段目の処理時間は12時間以下が好ましく、6時間以下がより好ましい。
2段目の処理を終えたガラスは、大きなD50Mを維持しつつ、内部の引っ張り応力を下げることができ、割れた際に激しい割れ方をしなくなる。
第二の金属塩のNa/Liモル比の最適値は、ガラス組成によって異なるが、例えば、0.3以上が好ましく、0.5以上がより好ましく、1以上がより好ましい。Na/Li比が大きすぎると、CTを小さくしつつ、D50Mを大きくするのが難しい。Na/Li比は100以下であることが好ましく、60以下であることがより好ましく、40以下であることがさらに好ましい。
具体的には、たとえば350~500℃程度のKイオンを含む金属塩(例えば硝酸カリウム)に0.1~10時間程度浸漬する。このプロセスにより、ガラス表層の0~10μm程度の領域に大きな圧縮応力を形成できる。
第3の金属塩はアルカリ金属塩であり、アルカリ金属イオンとして、Liイオンを含んでもよいが、アルカリ金属の原子数100%に対してLiイオンは2%以下が好ましく、1%以下がより好ましく、0.2%以下がさらに好ましい。また、Naイオンの含有量は2%以下が好ましく、1%以下がより好ましく0.2%以下がさらに好ましい。
強化処理方法2においては、まず、ナトリウム(Na)イオンを含む第一の金属塩に、Li2Oを含有する化学強化用ガラスを接触させて、金属塩中のNaイオンとガラス中のLiイオンとのイオン交換を起こさせる1段目の処理を行う。
1段目の処理については、強化処理方法1の場合と同様なので説明を省略する。
2段目の処理は、たとえば1段目の処理を終えたガラスを大気中で350℃以上の温度に一定時間保持して行う。保持温度は化学強化用ガラスの歪点以下の温度であり、1段目の処理温度より10℃高い温度以下が好ましく、1段目の処理温度と同じ温度がより好ましい。
この処理によれば、1段目の処理でガラス表面に導入されたアルカリイオンが、熱拡散することでCTが低下すると考えられる。
3段目の処理については、強化処理方法1の場合と同様なので説明を省略する。
強化処理方法2によれば、比較的簡単な処理により低コストで優れた特性の化学強化ガラスが得られる。
表2に酸化物基準の質量百分率表示で示したガラス1、2、4~8の組成となるようにガラス原料を調合し、ガラスとして1000gになるように秤量した。ついで、混合した原料を白金るつぼに入れ、1500~1700℃の電気炉に投入して3時間程度溶融し、脱泡、均質化した。
得られた溶融ガラスを型材に流し込み、(ガラス転移点+50)℃の温度において1時間保持した後、0.5℃/分の速度で室温まで冷却し、ガラスブロックを得た。得られたガラスブロックを切断、研削し、最後に両面を鏡面研磨して、厚さ(t)が800μmのガラス板を得た。また、ガラス3をフロート法で製造した。
平均線膨張係数(α)(×10-7/℃)およびガラス転移点(Tg)(℃)の測定はJIS R3102(1995年)『ガラスの平均線膨張係数の試験方法』の方法に準じた。ヤング率(E)(GPa)は超音波パルス法(JIS R1602(1995年))により測定した。T4(℃)及びT2(℃)は、ASTM C 965-96(2012年)に準じて回転粘度計で測定した。
化学強化前のガラスを粉砕し、4mmメッシュと2mmメッシュの篩を用いて分級し、洗浄した後、乾燥してカレットを得た。2~5gのカレットを白金皿に載せて一定温度に保った電気炉中で17時間保持し、室温の大気中に取り出して冷却した後、偏光顕微鏡で失透の有無を観察する操作を繰り返して、失透が認められた最高の温度(T1)と失透が認められなかった最低の温度(T2)との平均値をTLとした。ただし、T1とT2との差が20℃以内になるようにした。
(例1)
ガラス1の板を、450℃の硝酸ナトリウム塩に3時間浸した。次に、375℃の硝酸ナトリウム-硝酸リチウム混合塩(質量比 85:15)に3時間浸した。次に400℃の硝酸カリウム塩に1時間浸して、化学強化ガラス板を得た(合計の強化時間 7時間)。
(例2)
ガラス1の板を、450℃の硝酸ナトリウム塩に3時間浸した後、例1における硝酸ナトリウム-硝酸リチウム混合塩に浸す代わりに大気中で450℃に3時間保持した他は例1と同様にして化学強化ガラス板を得た(合計の強化時間 7時間)。
(例3)
ガラス2の板を、450℃の硝酸ナトリウム塩に3時間浸した後、大気中で450℃に3時間保持し、次に400℃の硝酸カリウム塩に0.5時間浸して、化学強化ガラスを得た(合計の強化時間 6.5時間)。
ガラス1の板を450℃の硝酸カリウム-硝酸ナトリウム混合塩(質量比 90:10)に1.5時間浸して化学強化ガラス板を得た(合計の強化時間 1.5時間)。
(例5)
ガラス1の板を450℃の硝酸ナトリウム塩に2時間浸し、次に、450℃の硝酸カリウム塩に4時間浸して化学強化ガラス板を得た(合計の強化時間 6時間)。
(例6)
ガラス1の板を450℃の硝酸ナトリウム塩に3時間浸し、次に、400℃の硝酸カリウム塩に1時間浸して化学強化ガラス板を得た(合計の強化時間 4時間)。
(例7)
ガラス3の板を450℃の硝酸カリウム塩に4時間浸し、次に大気中で500℃に5時間保持した後、400℃の硝酸カリウム塩に15分浸して化学強化ガラス板を得た(合計の強化時間 9.25時間)。
(例8)
ガラス4の板を450℃の硝酸ナトリウム塩に4時間浸し、次に、大気中で450℃に1時間保持した後、400℃の硝酸カリウム塩に1時間浸して、化学強化ガラス板を得た(合計の強化時間 6時間)。
(例9~11)
表4に記載したガラスの板をそれぞれ450℃の硝酸ナトリウム塩に4時間浸し、次に大気中で450℃に3時間保持した後、400℃の硝酸カリウム塩に1時間浸して化学強化ガラス板を得た(合計の強化時間 8時間)。
(例12)
ガラス8のガラス板を450℃の硝酸ナトリウム塩に3時間浸し、次に大気中で450℃に1時間保持した後、450℃の硝酸カリウム塩に1時間浸して化学強化ガラス板を得た(合計の強化時間 5時間)。
[応力プロファイル]
折原製作所社製の表面応力計FSM-6000及び散乱光光弾性を応用した折原製作所社製の測定機SLP1000を用いて応力値を測定した。化学強化ガラス1、3、5、7、12の測定結果をそれぞれ図1、2、3、4、5に示す。各図の矢印cで示される箇所(圧縮応力値が0となる点)における深さがDOL[単位:μm]である。また図中aの矢印で示したDOL/4となる深さにおける圧縮応力値(CS1)[単位:MPa]、bの矢印で示したDOL/2となる深さにおける圧縮応力値(CS2)[単位:MPa]、ガラス表面(深さ0の点)の圧縮応力値(CS0)[単位:MPa]、及び深さ2.5μmにおける圧縮応力値(CS3)[単位:MPa]を読み取った。
m1=(CS1-CS2)/(DOL/4-DOL/2)
m2=CS2/(DOL/2-DOL)
m3=(CS0-CS3)/2.5
また、CSが50MPa以上となる最大深さ(D50M)[単位:μm]および深さが(t×1/2)における引張応力値(CT)[単位:MPa]を読み取った。
化学強化ガラス板をスマートフォンのカバーガラスに見立て、スマートフォンを模擬した筐体に取り付けて、平坦なアスファルト面上に落下させた。化学強化ガラス板と筐体を合わせた質量は約140gであった。
高さ30cmから試験を開始し、化学強化ガラス板が割れなかったら、高さを10cm高くして落下させる試験を繰り返し、割れた時の高さ[単位:cm]を記録した。この試験を1セットとして、10セット繰り返し、割れたときの高さの平均値を「落下高さ」(cm)とした。
表3及び4における空欄は未測定であることを意味する。
対面角の圧子角度90度を有するダイヤモンド圧子を用いて、3~10kgfの荷重を15秒間保持する圧子圧入試験により、20mm角の化学強化ガラス板を破壊させて、破壊後の化学強化ガラスの破片の数(破砕数)を計測した。
また、例2、3及び8~12は、例1に対して、強化条件やガラス組成を変えた実施例であるが、例1と同様、好ましい応力プロファイルを有しており、高いアスファルト落下強度を期待することができる。
Claims (11)
- ガラス表面に圧縮応力層を有する、板状の化学強化ガラスであって、
ガラス表面の圧縮応力値(CS0)が500MPa以上であり、
板厚(t)が400μm以上であり、
圧縮応力層深さ(DOL)が(t×0.15)μm以上であり、
ガラス表面からの深さが前記DOLの1/4の点における圧縮応力値(CS1)が50MPa以上であり、
ガラス表面からの深さが前記DOLの1/2の点における圧縮応力値(CS2)が50MPa以上であり、
以下の式で表されるm1が-1.5MPa/μm以上であり、m2が0MPa/μm以下であり、かつ前記m2が前記m1より小さい化学強化ガラス。
m1=(CS1-CS2)/(DOL/4-DOL/2)
m2=CS2/(DOL/2-DOL) - ガラス表面に圧縮応力層を有する、板状の化学強化ガラスであって、
ガラス表面の圧縮応力値(CS0)が500MPa以上であり、
圧縮応力層深さ(DOL)が100μm以上であり、
ガラス表面からの深さが前記DOLの1/4の点における圧縮応力値(CS1)が50MPa以上であり、
ガラス表面からの深さが前記DOLの1/2の点における圧縮応力値(CS2)が50MPa以上であり、
以下の式で表されるm1が-1.5MPa/μm以上であり、m2が0MPa/μm以下であり、かつ前記m2が前記m1より小さい化学強化ガラス。
m1=(CS1-CS2)/(DOL/4-DOL/2)
m2=CS2/(DOL/2-DOL) - 圧縮応力値が50MPa以上である最大の深さが前記DOLに対して(0.55×DOL)μm以上である請求項1または2に記載の化学強化ガラス。
- 前記m1及び前記m2の比(m1/m2)が0.9より小さい請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の化学強化ガラス。
- 前記m1が0.5MPa/μm以下である請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の化学強化ガラス。
- 内部引張応力値が100MPaより小さい請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の化学強化ガラス。
- ガラス表面からの深さが2.5μmの点における圧縮応力値(CS3)に対し、以下の式で表されるm3が120MPa/μm以上である請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の化学強化ガラス。
m3=(CS0-CS3)/2.5 - 化学強化ガラスの母組成が、酸化物基準の質量百分率表示で
SiO2 55~80%、
Al2O3 15~28%、
B2O3 0~10%、
Li2O 2~10%、
Na2O 0.5~10%、
K2O 0~10%、
(MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO) 0~10%、及び
(ZrO2+TiO2) 0~5%、
を含む請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の化学強化ガラス。 - Li2Oを含有する化学強化用ガラスを、Naイオンを含む金属塩に接触させてイオン交換し、
次に、Liイオンを含む金属塩に接触させてイオン交換し、
次に、Kイオンを含む金属塩に接触させてイオン交換する工程を含む、化学強化ガラスの製造方法。 - 前記化学強化用ガラスが酸化物基準の質量百分率表示で、
SiO2 55~80%、
Al2O3 15~28%、
B2O3 0~10%、
Li2O 2~10%、
Na2O 0.5~10%、
K2O 0~10%、
(MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO) 0~10%、及び
(ZrO2+TiO2) 0~5%、
を含む請求項9に記載の化学強化ガラスの製造方法。 - 酸化物基準の質量百分率表示で
SiO2 55~75%、
Al2O3 15~25%、
B2O3 0~10%、
Li2O 2~10%、
Na2O 1~10%、
K2O 0.5~10%、
(MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO) 0~10%、及び
(ZrO2+TiO2) 0~5%、
を含む化学強化用ガラス。
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