WO2018198947A1 - 多結晶シリコン破砕物の製造方法、及び、多結晶シリコン破砕物の表面金属濃度を管理する方法 - Google Patents
多結晶シリコン破砕物の製造方法、及び、多結晶シリコン破砕物の表面金属濃度を管理する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018198947A1 WO2018198947A1 PCT/JP2018/016217 JP2018016217W WO2018198947A1 WO 2018198947 A1 WO2018198947 A1 WO 2018198947A1 JP 2018016217 W JP2018016217 W JP 2018016217W WO 2018198947 A1 WO2018198947 A1 WO 2018198947A1
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- polycrystalline silicon
- etching
- crushed material
- piece group
- cleaning
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/02—Silicon
- C01B33/037—Purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/02—Silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
- B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/02—Silicon
- C01B33/021—Preparation
- C01B33/027—Preparation by decomposition or reduction of gaseous or vaporised silicon compounds other than silica or silica-containing material
- C01B33/035—Preparation by decomposition or reduction of gaseous or vaporised silicon compounds other than silica or silica-containing material by decomposition or reduction of gaseous or vaporised silicon compounds in the presence of heated filaments of silicon, carbon or a refractory metal, e.g. tantalum or tungsten, or in the presence of heated silicon rods on which the formed silicon is deposited, a silicon rod being obtained, e.g. Siemens process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/02—Elements
- C30B29/06—Silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/60—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape characterised by shape
- C30B29/66—Crystals of complex geometrical shape, e.g. tubes, cylinders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B33/00—After-treatment of single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure
- C30B33/08—Etching
- C30B33/10—Etching in solutions or melts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a crushed polycrystalline silicon product and a method for managing the surface metal concentration of the crushed polycrystalline silicon product. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing a crushed polycrystalline silicon in which the surface metal concentration is precisely controlled, and a method for accurately managing the surface metal concentration of the crushed polycrystalline silicon.
- Siemens method is known as a method for producing polycrystalline silicon, also called polysilicon.
- the polycrystalline silicon rod obtained by the Siemens method is crushed to an appropriate size and then sorted and used as a raw material for producing single crystal silicon.
- an oxide film may be formed on the surface of the crushed material.
- various metal foreign substances may adhere to the oxide film formed on the surface of the crushed material due to a crushing device such as a hammer or a classification device such as a sieve used when crushing the polycrystalline silicon rod. .
- Oxide films and metal foreign substances may be melted together with silicon during the production of single crystal silicon and taken into the product single crystal silicon.
- the characteristics of single crystal silicon vary greatly due to a small amount of impurities. For this reason, it is required to clean the crushed polycrystalline silicon, remove the oxide film and metal foreign matter, and increase the surface cleanliness of the crushed polycrystalline silicon.
- an etching process using a hydrofluoric acid solution is generally known. According to the etching process using the hydrofluoric acid solution, not only the oxide film but also the silicon surface is dissolved.
- etching allowance meaning the amount of the surface area of the crushed material removed by etching, which may be referred to as “etching allowance” hereinafter.
- Costs such as operating costs and labor costs increase.
- the silicon surface is excessively dissolved, the yield of silicon is reduced.
- the amount of the etching solution (hydrofluoric acid solution) used is increased, the cost is increased and the waste liquid treatment cost is also increased.
- the etching allowance is small, the removal of the oxide film may be insufficient. Further, since the NO x gas is generated in the etching process using hydrofluoric acid, the cost for treating the NO x gas is also required.
- Patent Document 1 in order to solve the problems related to the processing of reducing and NO x gases silicon yield, after the polycrystalline silicon crushed and washed treated with hydrofluoric acid solution, a mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid (hydrofluoric-nitric acid solution) A cleaning method is proposed in which etching is performed.
- the oxide film formed on the surface of the crushed material is removed by cleaning with a hydrofluoric acid solution, and then the crushed material is immersed in an etching solution made of a hydrofluoric acid solution. By performing the etching process, the surface cleanliness of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material is improved.
- patent document 1 as a method of measuring the etching allowance of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material, a sample plate material is etched together with the polycrystalline silicon crushed material, and the thickness of the sample plate material before and after the etching process is measured with a micrometer. A method for measuring the weight of the sample plate before and after the etching process has been proposed. And in patent document 1, if the thickness and weight of the sample board
- Patent Document 1 does not describe the material, shape and size of the sample plate. Further, when the sample plate material is etched together with the polycrystalline silicon crushed material, the sample plate material itself becomes a baffle plate, and there is a possibility that the flow of the etching solution in the cleaning tub becomes non-uniform. As a result, the sample plate cannot be uniformly etched, and it is difficult to accurately manage the etching cost of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material from the measurement of the thickness and weight of the sample plate. Furthermore, since the flow of the etching solution is made non-uniform by the sample plate material, it is difficult to uniformly etch the polycrystalline silicon crushed material itself.
- the flow rate of the etching solution changes depending on the presence or absence of the sample plate material. That is, even if the change in thickness or weight of the sample plate material is associated with the etching time, the etching time may not accurately reflect the etching cost of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material because the actual etching state is different. In addition, since the etching solution deteriorates with time, the relationship between the etching time and the etching allowance investigated in advance may not match the actual etching progress state.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the purpose thereof is to etch both the measurement sample and the polycrystalline silicon crushed material uniformly and to the same extent without the presence of the measurement sample affecting the flow of the etching solution.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a crushed polycrystalline silicon that can accurately manage the etching cost.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for accurately managing the surface metal concentration of polycrystalline silicon crushed material.
- a step of manufacturing a polycrystalline silicon rod by the Siemens method A method for producing a polycrystalline silicon crushed material, comprising a step of crushing a polycrystalline silicon rod to obtain a polycrystalline silicon crushed material, and a step of etching and cleaning the polycrystalline silicon crushed material in a washing tank, In the cleaning step, a group of polycrystalline silicon pieces having a controlled shape and size is present in the cleaning tank, and the weight change of the polycrystalline silicon piece group before and after the etching process is measured, and the cleaning step is managed. Manufacturing method of polycrystalline silicon crushed material.
- the management of the cleaning process calculates the etching rate from the weight change of the polycrystalline silicon pieces before and after the etching process, and adjusts the processing time for the next etching process, so that the desired etching allowance is obtained.
- Ratio of the total surface area [cm 2 ] of the polycrystalline silicon piece group before the cleaning step to the resolution [g] of a scale for measuring the weight of the polycrystalline silicon piece group (total surface area [cm of the polycrystalline silicon piece group [cm 2 ] / Resolution [g] of the balance is 2.0 ⁇ 10 3 to 3.5 ⁇ 10 7 [cm 2 / g]
- the polycrystalline silicon crushed material according to any one of [1] to [3] Manufacturing method.
- a method for controlling the surface metal concentration of a crushed polycrystalline silicon rod produced by the Siemens method When the polycrystalline silicon crushed material is etched and cleaned in the cleaning tank, the polycrystalline silicon pieces having a controlled shape and size are present in the cleaning tank, and the weight of the polycrystalline silicon pieces before and after the etching process.
- the polycrystalline silicon fragment and the flow of the etching solution can be prevented by using the polycrystalline silicon piece group having a controlled shape and size as a measurement sample of the etching allowance,
- Each measurement sample can be etched uniformly and to the same extent.
- the correlation between the weight change of the measurement sample before and after the etching process and the etching cost of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material is high. Therefore, the etching allowance of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material can be controlled by managing the weight change of the measurement sample.
- the etching allowance of the polycrystalline silicon fragment and the surface metal concentration of the polycrystalline silicon fragment are highly correlated. As a result, the surface metal concentration of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material can be accurately managed by monitoring the change in the weight of the measurement sample.
- the oxide film formed on the surface of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material and the metal foreign matter adhering to the oxide film can be reliably removed with the minimum necessary etching cost without excessively etching the polycrystalline silicon crushed material.
- the surface metal concentration of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material can be accurately controlled, and the productivity of the high-quality polycrystalline silicon crushed material is excellent.
- a polycrystalline silicon rod is manufactured by the Siemens method.
- the Siemens method is one of methods for producing polycrystalline silicon used as a raw material for semiconductors or wafers for photovoltaic power generation. Specifically, a silicon core wire disposed inside a bell jar type reaction vessel is heated to a silicon deposition temperature by energization. Then, a gas of a silane compound such as trichlorosilane (SiHCl 3 ) or monosilane (SiH 4 ) and hydrogen are supplied into the reaction vessel, and polycrystalline silicon is deposited on the silicon core wire by a chemical vapor deposition method. A polycrystalline silicon rod is obtained.
- a silane compound such as trichlorosilane (SiHCl 3 ) or monosilane (SiH 4 )
- the polycrystalline silicon rod thus obtained has a substantially cylindrical shape, and its diameter is not particularly limited, but is usually 100 to 160 mm.
- the length of the polycrystalline silicon rod is not particularly limited, and is usually about 1 to 2 m.
- the polycrystalline silicon rod taken out from the reaction vessel is crushed to obtain a polycrystalline silicon crushed material.
- the polycrystalline silicon rod is crushed by a hammer made of a hard metal such as tungsten carbide, a jaw crusher, or the like to obtain a raw material polycrystalline silicon lump group.
- the raw material polycrystalline silicon lump group is further pulverized to a desired particle size by a crushing apparatus composed of a hard polymer, a hard metal, or the like to obtain a polycrystalline silicon crushed material.
- a classifier such as a sieve or a step deck, if necessary.
- ⁇ Crushed polycrystalline silicon is called dust, powder, chip, nugget, chunk, etc. depending on its particle size, but there is no strict classification standard.
- a crushed piece obtained by pulverizing a polycrystalline silicon rod is referred to as “polycrystalline silicon crushed material”.
- the polycrystalline silicon crushed material is etched and cleaned in the cleaning tank. Specifically, the polycrystalline silicon crushed material is placed in the cleaning tank, and the oxide film formed on the surface of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material and the metal foreign matter attached to the oxide film are etched using a well-known etching solution. Remove with.
- Etching solution is not particularly limited, but, for example, a mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid (fluoric nitric acid solution) is used.
- metal foreign substances are derived from crushing devices and classifying devices used in the manufacturing process of polycrystalline silicon crushed material.
- metallic foreign substances include heavy metals such as iron, lead, gold, platinum, silver, copper, chromium, tungsten, nickel, cobalt, zinc, and molybdenum, and light metals such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, titanium, and barium.
- heavy metals such as iron, lead, gold, platinum, silver, copper, chromium, tungsten, nickel, cobalt, zinc, and molybdenum
- light metals such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, titanium, and barium.
- an organic component may adhere to the oxide film formed on the surface of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material. Such an organic component can also be removed by the washing step.
- the polycrystalline silicon piece group having a controlled shape and size is present in the cleaning basket, and the change in the weight of the polycrystalline silicon piece group before and after the etching treatment is measured. Manage the progress of cleaning.
- the polycrystalline silicon fragment can be washed without hindering the flow of the etching solution by using the polycrystalline silicon pieces having a controlled shape and size. Therefore, in the cleaning process, the polycrystalline silicon crushed material and the measurement sample can be etched uniformly and to the same extent.
- the “polycrystalline silicon piece group having a controlled shape and size” may be simply referred to as “polycrystalline silicon piece group” or “measurement sample”.
- the polycrystalline silicon crushed material and the measurement sample can be etched uniformly and to the same extent. Therefore, the correlation between the change in the weight of the measurement sample before and after the etching treatment and the etching allowance of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material is high. Therefore, the etching allowance of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material can be controlled by managing the weight change of the measurement sample. In addition, the etching allowance of the polycrystalline silicon fragment and the surface metal concentration of the polycrystalline silicon fragment are highly correlated. As a result, the surface metal concentration of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material can be accurately managed by monitoring the change in the weight of the measurement sample.
- the etching allowance of the measurement sample can be estimated from the change in the weight of the measurement sample before and after the etching process.
- the polycrystalline silicon crushed material and the measurement sample can be etched uniformly and at the same level, so the etching amount of the measurement sample and the etching cost of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material are substantially the same. Therefore, by measuring the change in the weight of the measurement sample before and after the etching process, the etching allowance of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material can be managed.
- the change in weight of the polycrystalline silicon pieces before and after the etching treatment can be measured with an electronic balance or the like.
- the weight of the polycrystalline silicon piece group before the etching treatment refers to the weight of the polycrystalline silicon piece group measured before being immersed in the etching solution.
- the weight of the polycrystalline silicon piece group after the etching process refers to the dry weight of the polycrystalline silicon piece group taken out from the washing basket after the water washing following the etching process.
- the drying may be performed by wiping off the water adhering to the crushed polycrystalline silicon and using a drying device such as a dryer, or by vacuum drying.
- the cleaning process is controlled by calculating the etching rate from the weight change of the polycrystalline silicon pieces before and after the etching process, and adjusting the processing time for the next etching process so that the desired etching allowance is achieved. It is preferable to be performed.
- the etching allowance is appropriately set according to the purity of the target polycrystalline silicon. From the viewpoint of reliably removing the surface oxide and the attached metal impurities, the thickness of the surface layer to be removed (etching allowance) is Preferably, the standard is about 3 to 20 ⁇ m, more preferably about 6 to 15 ⁇ m.
- the etching rate can be calculated from the weight difference of the measurement sample before and after the etching process and the time required for the etching process.
- the etching rate is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.35 to 10 ⁇ m / min, more preferably 0.5 to 2.5 ⁇ m / min, based on the thickness of the surface layer removed by etching.
- the etching processing time is not particularly limited as long as a desired etching allowance can be realized, but is preferably 0.8 to 25 minutes, more preferably 3.5 to 20 minutes.
- the shape of individual polycrystalline silicon pieces constituting the polycrystalline silicon piece group is not particularly limited. In the present invention, it is preferable that all the polycrystalline silicon pieces constituting the polycrystalline silicon piece group have substantially the same shape. That is, in the “polycrystalline silicon piece group having a controlled shape” in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, all the polycrystalline silicon pieces constituting the polycrystalline silicon piece group have substantially the same shape.
- Examples of the shape of the polycrystalline silicon piece include a sphere, a cylinder, a cone, a prism, and a pyramid.
- the manufacturing method of the polycrystalline silicon piece is not particularly limited, but can be obtained by cutting the polycrystalline silicon rod. From the viewpoint that it is easy to cut out from the polycrystalline silicon rod, does not hinder the flow of the etching solution, and is easy to perform a uniform etching treatment as a measurement sample, a prismatic body is preferable, and among the prismatic bodies, a cube or a rectangular parallelepiped is more preferable, A cube is particularly preferred.
- the size of the polycrystalline silicon pieces is not particularly limited, and it is preferable that all the polycrystalline silicon pieces constituting the polycrystalline silicon piece group have substantially the same size. In other words, in the “polycrystalline silicon piece group having a controlled size” in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, all the polycrystalline silicon pieces constituting the polycrystalline silicon piece group are substantially the same size.
- the size of the polycrystalline silicon piece in the present invention can be evaluated by the surface area of the polycrystalline silicon piece. That is, in a preferred aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the individual polycrystalline silicon pieces constituting the polycrystalline silicon piece group have substantially the same surface area.
- the surface area per polycrystalline silicon piece before the cleaning step is preferably 5 to 10,000 mm 2 , more preferably 50 to 4500 mm 2 , and particularly preferably 500 to 2000 mm 2 .
- the surface area of the polycrystalline silicon piece is represented by 6X 2 [mm 2 ], where the length of one side is X [mm].
- a measuring instrument such as a micrometer.
- the length of one side of the polycrystalline silicon piece before the cleaning step is preferably 1 to 40 mm, more preferably 3 to 25 mm, still more preferably 5 to 20 mm, particularly preferably. Is 5 to 15 mm. If the polycrystalline silicon pieces are too small, it will be difficult to cut out at a uniform size, and the edges of the pieces will be excessively etched. The relationship with the etching allowance may not be consistent. If the polycrystalline silicon piece is too large, the flow of the etching solution may be hindered, etching may not be performed uniformly, and the above relationship may not be consistent.
- the polycrystalline silicon pieces have a uniform size. Therefore, the weight variation (CV value) of the polycrystalline silicon pieces is preferably in the range of 1 to 25%, more preferably 2 to 10%.
- the number of polycrystalline silicon pieces constituting the polycrystalline silicon piece group is not particularly limited, preferably 10 to 200, more preferably 50 to 150. If the number of small pieces is too small, there will be little change in weight, making accurate measurement difficult. If the number of pieces is too large, silicon and etchant may be consumed excessively, increasing costs and preventing etchant flow.
- Table 1 shows an example of a change in the weight of the polycrystalline silicon piece group before and after the etching process with respect to the size and number of the polycrystalline silicon pieces.
- Table 1 shows an example of a change in the weight of the polycrystalline silicon piece group before and after the etching process with respect to the size and number of the polycrystalline silicon pieces.
- the change in the weight of the polycrystalline silicon pieces caused by the etching process with an etching allowance of 0.1 ⁇ m relative to the size and number of pieces of polycrystalline silicon pieces (Weight difference [ ⁇ mg]) is calculated.
- the weight difference ⁇ mg is rounded off to the first decimal place.
- the etching allowance of the measurement sample and the etching allowance of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material can be regarded as substantially the same amount, the change in the weight of the polycrystalline silicon piece group before and after the etching treatment causes the polycrystalline silicon The etching cost of crushed material can be managed.
- the weight change due to the etching of 0.1 ⁇ m is about 1 mg. It is preferred to select the size and number of polycrystalline silicon pieces so that they can be detected by. When the weight change is large, the measurement accuracy is improved, but the silicon and the etching solution are excessively consumed and the cost is increased. Accordingly, a small piece of polycrystalline silicon is within a range in which the weight change due to etching of 0.1 ⁇ m is more preferably 0.9 mg or more, further preferably 0.9 to 45.0 mg, and particularly preferably 1.5 to 30.0 mg. It is preferable to select the size and number.
- the ratio of the total surface area [cm 2 ] of the polycrystalline silicon piece group before the cleaning process to the resolution [g] of the scale for measuring the weight of the polycrystalline silicon piece group (total surface area [cm 2 ] of the polycrystalline silicon piece group) /
- the resolution [g] of the balance is preferably 2.0 ⁇ 10 3 to 3.5 ⁇ 10 7 [cm 2 / g], more preferably 5.0 ⁇ 10 3 to 5.0 ⁇ 10 6 [cm 2 / g].
- the total surface area [cm 2 ] of the polycrystalline silicon small piece group means the total surface area of the polycrystalline silicon small pieces constituting the polycrystalline silicon small piece group.
- the resolution of the balance is the ability to identify the difference in mass values that are close to each other, and is expressed as the minimum display / capacity. Smaller means higher resolution and better accuracy.
- the polycrystalline silicon before and after the etching treatment By setting the ratio of the total surface area [cm 2 ] of the polycrystalline silicon piece group before the cleaning process to the resolution [g] of the scale for measuring the weight of the polycrystalline silicon piece group within the above range, the polycrystalline silicon before and after the etching treatment Since the change in the weight of the small piece group can be accurately measured, the etching cost of the polycrystalline silicon small piece group can be easily managed. As a result, the etching allowance of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material can be managed with high accuracy.
- the etching process of the polycrystalline silicon piece group is preferably 0.1 to 0.0001 g, more preferably 0.01 to 0.001 g.
- the polycrystalline silicon pieces are accommodated in a liquid-permeable container and placed in the cleaning tank.
- the polycrystalline silicon small piece group in a liquid permeable container and placing it in the washing tub, handling at the time of weight measurement becomes easy.
- the fluidity of the etching solution in the cleaning tub is also kept good. As a result, the crushed polycrystalline silicon and the polycrystalline silicon pieces can be etched more uniformly.
- the container through which liquid can flow is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a resin net or a basket. From the viewpoint of high resistance to the etching solution and easy availability, a net made of a fluororesin (fluorocarbon resin) is preferable.
- the filling rate of the small pieces of polycrystalline silicon into the liquid-permeable container is preferably 50% or less. When the filling rate exceeds 50%, the flow of the etching solution may be hindered by the polycrystalline silicon piece group.
- the cleaning process it is preferable to disperse the polycrystalline silicon pieces in the cleaning tank.
- the etching rate averaged in the cleaning tub can be calculated, so that the etching allowance of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material can be accurately managed.
- the degree of surface cleaning of the polycrystalline silicon piece group may be improved before the cleaning step.
- the polycrystalline silicon piece group is etched in a cleaning tub to remove an oxide film, metal foreign matters attached to the oxide film, and the like.
- the measurement sample with improved surface cleanliness it is possible to measure a change in weight due to dissolution of only the silicon surface in the cleaning process. Therefore, the variation in weight change before and after the etching process due to the presence or absence of an oxide film or metal foreign matter is suppressed, and the management of the etching cost of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material due to the weight change of the measurement sample is facilitated.
- the polycrystalline silicon piece group on which an oxide film or the like is formed is used as a measurement sample.
- the etching cost of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material in the cleaning process is equal to the etching cost of the measurement sample. It is easy to manage the etching cost.
- the surface metal concentration of the crushed polycrystalline silicon rod is determined by measuring the change in the weight of the measurement sample before and after the etching process. It can be managed accurately.
- the surface metal concentration of the obtained polycrystalline silicon crushed material can be lowered.
- the total concentration of surface metals such as Fe, Cr, Ni, Na, Zn, Al, Cu, Mg, Ti, W, K, Co, and Ca is 0.250 ppbw or less. it can. More preferably, it is 0.230 ppbw or less, particularly preferably 0.100 ppbw or less, and most preferably 0.050 ppbw or less, is obtained.
- a polycrystalline silicon crushed material having a surface Fe concentration of 0.050 ppbw or less is obtained.
- a crushed polycrystalline silicon having a surface Cu concentration of 0.005 ppbw or less is obtained.
- a crushed polycrystalline silicon having a surface W concentration of 0.040 ppbw or less is obtained.
- the surface metal contamination amount of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material is a value obtained as follows.
- Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Cr , Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, W, Ti surface metal mass was measured.
- the measured value of each surface metal mass was divided by 40 g to evaluate the content per unit weight (ppbw) of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material.
- the ICP-MS measuring device “7500 CS” manufactured by Agilent was used.
- Example 1 A polycrystalline silicon rod is manufactured by a Siemens method in a reduction reaction furnace. After introducing air through a HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) filter into the furnace, the furnace is opened to the atmosphere, and the polycrystalline silicon rod is placed in the furnace. I took it out.
- the polycrystalline silicon rod taken out is a hammer made of a tungsten carbide / cobalt alloy (a tungsten carbide content of 82 mass% and a cobalt content of 18 mass%), and at least 90 mass% of the total amount is The long diameter was crushed so as to be a crushed material in the range of 10 to 120 mm.
- the resin basket containing the crushed polycrystalline silicon was immersed in a washing tank containing a hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution (liquid temperature 20 ° C.) in which 50 wt% hydrofluoric acid and 70 wt% nitric acid were mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 8. .
- a hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution liquid temperature 20 ° C.
- 50 wt% hydrofluoric acid and 70 wt% nitric acid were mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 8.
- the resin basket was taken out from the washing tank, washed with ultrapure water and dried by blowing. After drying, a small piece of polycrystalline silicon was taken out from the resin basket, the total mass was measured, and the weight difference before and after the washing step was 38 mg.
- the thickness of the surface layer of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material removed by etching was calculated. However, it was able to be calculated to 1.1 ⁇ m.
- Example 2 In Example 1, the immersion time of the resin basket containing the crushed polycrystalline silicon in the hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution is longer than that in Example 1, and is calculated from the weight difference before and after the washing step of the polycrystalline silicon piece group.
- the polycrystalline silicon crushed material was washed by the same method as in Example 1 except that the etching allowance for the polycrystalline silicon crushed material was 3.2 ⁇ m. Table 2 shows the results of measuring the amount of surface metal contamination of the obtained polycrystalline silicon crushed material.
- Example 3 In Example 2, the immersion time of the resin basket containing the crushed polycrystalline silicon in the hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution was made longer than that in Example 2, and calculated from the weight difference before and after the washing step of the polycrystalline silicon piece group.
- the polycrystalline silicon crushed material was washed by the same method as in Example 1 except that the etching allowance of the polycrystalline silicon crushed material was 6.5 ⁇ m. Table 2 shows the results of measuring the amount of surface metal contamination of the obtained polycrystalline silicon crushed material.
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Abstract
Description
一方、エッチング代が少ないと、酸化膜の除去が不十分となることがある。
さらに、フッ硝酸によるエッチング処理ではNOxガスが発生するため、NOxガスを処理するためのコストも必要となる。
〔1〕シーメンス法により多結晶シリコンロッドを製造する工程、
多結晶シリコンロッドを破砕し、多結晶シリコン破砕物を得る工程、および
多結晶シリコン破砕物を洗浄槽内でエッチングして洗浄する工程を含む、多結晶シリコン破砕物の製造方法であって、
該洗浄工程にて、制御された形状およびサイズを有する多結晶シリコン小片群を洗浄槽内に存在させ、エッチング処理前後の該多結晶シリコン小片群の重量変化を測定し、洗浄工程を管理する、多結晶シリコン破砕物の製造方法。
多結晶シリコン破砕物を洗浄槽内でエッチングして洗浄する際、制御された形状およびサイズを有する多結晶シリコン小片群を洗浄槽内に存在させ、エッチング処理前後の該多結晶シリコン小片群の重量変化を測定し、多結晶シリコン破砕物の表面金属濃度を管理する方法。
なお、「シーメンス法により多結晶シリコンロッドを製造する工程」を「析出工程(1)」と、「多結晶シリコンロッドを破砕し、多結晶シリコン破砕物を得る工程」を「破砕工程(2)」と、「多結晶シリコン破砕物を洗浄槽内でエッチングして洗浄する工程」を「洗浄工程(3)」と記載することがある。
析出工程(1)では、シーメンス法により多結晶シリコンロッドを製造する。
シーメンス法とは、半導体あるいは太陽光発電用ウエハの原料等として使用される多結晶シリコンを製造する方法の一つである。具体的には、ベルジャー型の反応容器内部に配置されたシリコン芯線を通電によってシリコンの析出温度に加熱する。そして、反応容器内部にトリクロロシラン(SiHCl3)やモノシラン(SiH4)等のシラン化合物のガスと水素とを供給し、化学気相析出法によりシリコン芯線上に多結晶シリコンを析出させ、高純度の多結晶シリコンロッドを得る。
破砕工程(2)では、反応容器から取り出された多結晶シリコンロッドを破砕し、多結晶シリコン破砕物を得る。具体的には、多結晶シリコンロッドを、炭化タングステンなどの硬質金属から構成されるハンマーや、ジョークラッシャーなどにより砕き、原料多結晶シリコン塊群を得る。その後、原料多結晶シリコン塊群をさらに、硬質ポリマーや硬質金属などから構成される破砕装置により所望の粒子サイズに粉砕し、多結晶シリコン破砕物を得る。原料多結晶シリコン塊群を所望の粒子サイズに粉砕後、必要に応じ、篩やステップデッキなどの分級装置により、粒子サイズ毎に分別してもよい。
洗浄工程(3)では、多結晶シリコン破砕物を洗浄槽内でエッチングして洗浄する。具体的には、多結晶シリコン破砕物を洗浄槽内に載置し、周知のエッチング液を用いて、多結晶シリコン破砕物の表面に形成された酸化膜及び酸化膜に付着した金属異物をエッチングにより除去する。
一辺の長さが1~38mmの立方体からなる多結晶シリコン小片を想定し、多結晶シリコン小片のサイズ及び個数に対し、エッチング代が0.1μmのエッチング処理により生じる多結晶シリコン小片群の重量変化(重量差[Δmg])を算出している。なお、重量差Δmgは、小数点第2位を四捨五入している。
表面洗浄度を向上させた測定サンプルによれば、洗浄工程においてシリコン表面のみの溶解による重量変化を測定できる。そのため、酸化膜や金属異物等の有無に起因したエッチング処理前後における重量変化のバラつきが抑制され、測定サンプルの重量変化による多結晶シリコン破砕物のエッチング代の管理が容易になる。
本発明の好ましい態様では、表面のCuの濃度が0.005ppbw以下の多結晶シリコン破砕物が得られる。
本発明の好ましい態様では、表面のWの濃度が0.040ppbw以下の多結晶シリコン破砕物が得られる。
なお、多結晶シリコン破砕物の表面金属汚染量は、以下のようにして求めた値である。
下記実施例で得た多結晶シリコン破砕物40gを500mlの清浄なポリテトラフルオロエチレン製ビーカーに移し、溶解液100ml(50質量%-HF:10ml、70質量%-硝酸:90ml)を加えて25℃で15分間の抽出を行った。上記ビーカー中の液分、及び多結晶シリコン破砕物の表面を超純水100mlを用いて洗った。溶解液と洗浄液とを、清浄なポリテトラフルオロエチレン製ビーカーに移し多結晶シリコン破砕物の表面抽出液とした。係る多結晶シリコン破砕物の表面抽出液を蒸発乾固させ、3.5質量%-硝酸水溶液を加え20.0ml定容化しICP―MS測定を行い、Na,Mg,Al,K,Ca,Cr,Fe,Ni,Co,Cu,Zn,W,Tiの各表面金属質量を測定した。この各表面金属質量の測定値を、40gで除することにより、多結晶シリコン破砕物の単位重量当たりの含有量(ppbw)として評価した。なお、ICP-MSの測定装置は、Agilent 社製、「7500 CS」を使用した。
還元反応炉内でシーメンス法により多結晶シリコンロッドを製造し、炉内に、HEPA(High Efficiency Particulate Air)フィルタを通した空気を導入した後、炉を大気開放し、前記多結晶シリコンロッドを炉外に取り出した。取り出した多結晶シリコンロッドは、打撃部の材質が、炭化タングステン/コバルト合金(炭化タングステンの含有量82質量%、コバルトの含有量18質量%)からなるハンマーで、全量の少なくとも90質量%が、長径の長さ10~120mmの範囲である破砕物であるように砕いた。
実施例1において、多結晶シリコン破砕物を収容した樹脂製カゴのフッ硝酸水溶液への浸漬時間を実施例1より長くし、前記多結晶シリコン小片群の洗浄工程前後での重量差から算出する、多結晶シリコン破砕物のエッチング代が3.2μmになる時間とした以外は、前記実施例1と同様の方法により、多結晶シリコン破砕物の洗浄を行った。得られた多結晶シリコン破砕物について、表面金属汚染量を測定した結果を表2に示した。
実施例2において、多結晶シリコン破砕物を収容した樹脂製カゴのフッ硝酸水溶液への浸漬時間を実施例2よりもさらに長くし、前記多結晶シリコン小片群の洗浄工程前後での重量差から算出する、多結晶シリコン破砕物のエッチング代が6.5μmになる時間とした以外は、前記実施例1と同様の方法により、多結晶シリコン破砕物の洗浄を行った。得られた多結晶シリコン破砕物について、表面金属汚染量を測定した結果を表2に示した。
Claims (8)
- シーメンス法により多結晶シリコンロッドを製造する工程、
多結晶シリコンロッドを破砕し、多結晶シリコン破砕物を得る工程、および
多結晶シリコン破砕物を洗浄槽内でエッチングして洗浄する工程を含む、多結晶シリコン破砕物の製造方法であって、
該洗浄工程にて、制御された形状およびサイズを有する多結晶シリコン小片群を洗浄槽内に存在させ、エッチング処理前後の該多結晶シリコン小片群の重量変化を測定し、洗浄工程を管理する、多結晶シリコン破砕物の製造方法。 - 洗浄工程の管理が、エッチング処理前後の該多結晶シリコン小片群の重量変化からエッチング速度を算出し、次にエッチング処理される処理時間を調節することによって、目的のエッチング代となるように制御することで行われる、請求項1に記載の多結晶シリコン破砕物の製造方法。
- 該多結晶シリコン小片群が、立方体または直方体の多結晶シリコン小片からなる請求項1または請求項2に記載の多結晶シリコン破砕物の製造方法。
- 洗浄工程前の該多結晶シリコン小片群の全表面積[cm2]と多結晶シリコン小片群の重量を測定する秤の分解能[g]の比(多結晶シリコン小片群の全表面積[cm2]/ 秤の分解能[g])が2.0×103~3.5×107[cm2/g]である請求項1~3の何れかに記載の多結晶シリコン破砕物の製造方法。
- 該多結晶シリコン小片群のエッチング処理前後の重量を測定する秤の分解能が0.1~0.0001gである請求項4に記載の多結晶シリコン破砕物の製造方法。
- 多結晶シリコン小片群を、通液可能な容器に収容して洗浄槽内に配置する請求項1~5の何れかに記載の多結晶シリコン破砕物の製造方法。
- 多結晶シリコン小片群を洗浄槽内に分散して配置する請求項1~6の何れかに記載の多結晶シリコン破砕物の製造方法。
- シーメンス法により製造された多結晶シリコンロッドの破砕物の表面金属濃度を管理する方法であって、
多結晶シリコン破砕物を洗浄槽内でエッチングして洗浄する際、制御された形状およびサイズを有する多結晶シリコン小片群を洗浄槽内に存在させ、エッチング処理前後の該多結晶シリコン小片群の重量変化を測定し、多結晶シリコン破砕物の表面金属濃度を管理する方法。
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MYPI2019006232A MY191007A (en) | 2017-04-24 | 2018-04-19 | Method for manufacturing polycrystalline silicon fragments and method for managing surface metal concentration of polycrystalline silicon fragments |
US16/607,128 US11214892B2 (en) | 2017-04-24 | 2018-04-19 | Method for manufacturing polycrystalline silicon fragment and method for managing surface metal concentration of polycrystalline silicon fragment |
EP18790202.8A EP3617144A4 (en) | 2017-04-24 | 2018-04-19 | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON FRAGMENT AND PROCESS FOR MANAGING THE SURFACE METAL CONCENTRATION OF POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON FRAGMENT |
KR1020197030997A KR102415059B1 (ko) | 2017-04-24 | 2018-04-19 | 다결정 실리콘 파쇄물의 제조 방법 및 다결정 실리콘 파쇄물의 표면 금속 농도를 관리하는 방법 |
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WO2021251095A1 (ja) | 2020-06-09 | 2021-12-16 | 株式会社トクヤマ | ポリシリコン破砕物およびその製造方法 |
JP2022547425A (ja) * | 2019-08-29 | 2022-11-14 | ワッカー ケミー アクチエンゲゼルシャフト | シリコンチャンクの製造方法 |
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US11214892B2 (en) | 2022-01-04 |
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