WO2018154782A1 - 制御装置 - Google Patents
制御装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018154782A1 WO2018154782A1 PCT/JP2017/007500 JP2017007500W WO2018154782A1 WO 2018154782 A1 WO2018154782 A1 WO 2018154782A1 JP 2017007500 W JP2017007500 W JP 2017007500W WO 2018154782 A1 WO2018154782 A1 WO 2018154782A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- motor
- electric motor
- flow rate
- temperature
- calculation unit
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/60—Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
- H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
Definitions
- Embodiments of the present invention relate to a control device that controls a cooling motor that drives a flow of refrigerant that cools the motor.
- an electric motor has a function of circulating a refrigerant by rotation of a fan attached to a rotating shaft.
- a large capacity variable speed motor such as a large motor for driving a main machine of a steel rolling plant
- an independent cooling facility for circulating a motor refrigerant is attached separately from a fan on the rotating shaft of the motor.
- Fig. 2 shows an example of a cooling structure for a large motor.
- 21 is a large motor
- 22 is a bearing
- 23 is a cooler that cools the refrigerant
- 24 is a cooling fan
- 25 is an electric motor that drives the cooling fan.
- the arrows in the figure represent the refrigerant flow.
- the cooling fan 24 driven by the electric motor 25 for the cooling fan 24 circulates and circulates the refrigerant in the electric motor 21. And since the circulating refrigerant takes away the heat generated from the electric motor 21, the electric motor 21 can be cooled.
- the motor cooling system including the cooler 23 and the cooling fan 24
- various amounts such as the amount of heat generated by the motor, the amount of heat generated by the cooling fan, the amount of air necessary for cooling the motor, and the temperature entering the motor, Ventilation resistance, refrigerant temperature, refrigerant characteristics, etc. are used. Based on these parameters, the motor cooling system is designed to keep the temperature of the motor within an allowable value.
- the amount of heat generated by the motor 21 is not constant because the load current changes due to the load of the motor and the generated loss increases or decreases. Even when the generated loss is the maximum, that is, even when the motor 21 is in the maximum rated operation, the refrigerant flow rate is designed with a margin so that the temperature of the motor 21 falls within the allowable value. Therefore, if the cooling fan 24 is operating at a rated speed in an operation within the range defined by the use conditions, the electric motor 21 will not be abnormally overheated and can be continuously operated safely.
- the temperature of the motor 21 can be operated within the allowable temperature even if the flow rate of the cooling fan 24 is lowered by a certain amount from the rating. As a result, the energy consumption of the cooling fan 24 can be reduced.
- the temperature of the motor 21 generally increases as the refrigerant flow rate decreases, and the temperature of the motor 21 decreases as the refrigerant flow rate increases. Tend to.
- the maximum allowable temperature of the electric motor 21 is determined based on the standard. Therefore, keeping the temperature of the electric motor 21 constant at the maximum allowable temperature leads to an increase in the energy saving effect of the cooling fan 24.
- the cooling fan 24 In order to save energy of the cooling fan 24, if the refrigerant flow rate is reduced more than necessary, the motor temperature will exceed the allowable value, resulting in a decrease in the motor life and possibly failure of the motor 21. On the other hand, if the amount of refrigerant flow reduction is small, the energy saving effect of the cooling fan 24 is reduced.
- Patent Document 1 describes a technique for driving a cooling fan when the electric motor temperature detected by a temperature sensor becomes equal to or higher than a certain temperature.
- this technique since the cooling fan is controlled by on / off control, fine adjustment of the air volume cannot be performed. Therefore, the fluctuation of the motor temperature increases and a sufficient energy saving effect cannot be obtained. If the number of times of starting the electric motor that drives the cooling fan is increased, the life of the electric motor that drives the cooling fan may be shortened.
- Patent Document 2 describes a technique for continuously controlling the refrigerant flow rate based on the motor temperature detected by a temperature sensor.
- an error or abnormality occurs in the temperature sensor and its signal transmission, an appropriate flow rate cannot be calculated, and the motor may not be able to operate safely within the allowable temperature. is there.
- Patent Document 3 describes a technique for estimating a rising temperature of a motor based on an effective value (RMS value) of a current flowing through the motor and calculating an appropriate refrigerant flow rate corresponding to the temperature rise.
- RMS value effective value
- Patent Document 3 describes a technique for estimating a rising temperature of a motor based on an effective value (RMS value) of a current flowing through the motor and calculating an appropriate refrigerant flow rate corresponding to the temperature rise.
- RMS value effective value
- JP-A-5-300687 JP 2001-136708 A Japanese Patent No. 3741101
- the embodiment provides a control device that allows the motor to continue to operate safely even if an abnormality or error occurs in the detected value of the winding temperature of the motor or an abnormality or error occurs in the detected current of the motor load.
- the control device controls the cooling motor that drives the flow of the refrigerant that cools the motor.
- a control unit configured to calculate a first flow rate of the refrigerant based on a load current of the motor; and a second calculation unit configured to calculate a second flow rate of the refrigerant based on a temperature of a winding of the motor.
- a calculation unit; and a third calculation unit that sets the number of rotations of the cooling motor based on outputs of the first calculation unit and the second calculation unit.
- the cooling motor is based on both the first flow rate that is the refrigerant flow rate calculated from the effective value of the motor current and the second flow rate that is the refrigerant flow rate calculated from the motor winding temperature value. Since the number of rotations is set, even if an abnormality or error occurs in the detected value of the winding temperature of the motor or an abnormality or error occurs in the detected current of the motor load, the motor can be safely continued.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an electric motor cooling control system according to this embodiment.
- the motor cooling system 100 includes an electric motor 1, a cooler 3, a cooling fan 4, an electric motor 5 for the cooling fan, a driving device 6 for the electric motor 1, a driving device 7 for the cooling fan 4, and an electric motor cooling system.
- the electric motor 1 includes a bearing 2 that supports a rotating shaft.
- the electric motor 1 is, for example, a synchronous motor. It includes a collector ring 14 for supplying a direct current to a field winding provided on the rotating shaft of the synchronous motor.
- the electric motor 1 is not limited to a synchronous motor, and may be an induction motor or another electric motor.
- the cooler 3 is provided on the top of the electric motor 1 and is thermally connected to the electric motor 1.
- the cooler 3 is a heat exchanger, for example.
- the cooler 3 releases the heat inside the electric motor 1 to the outside.
- the cooling fan 4 causes convection inside the electric motor 1 to promote heat exchange.
- the cooling fan 4 is driven by an electric motor 5 for the cooling fan 4 whose rotation speed is controlled by a driving device 7 for the cooling fan.
- the drive device 7 is, for example, an inverter device. The drive device 7 drives the electric motor 5 and the cooling fan 4 at the rotation speed set by the control device 12.
- the drive device 6 for the electric motor 1 is, for example, an inverter device.
- the motor 1 is rotationally controlled with the set speed command value.
- the driving device 6 detects the current of the electric motor 1 by a current sensor (not shown) provided in the winding of the electric motor 1.
- the electric motor 1, the driving device 6 for the electric motor 1, and the driving device 7 for the cooling fan 4 are installed in different places, and are connected to the control communication network 11 via the remote IO boards 8 and 9, respectively.
- the rotation speed of the electric motor 1 is controlled by an operation signal output from the driving device 6.
- Operation data of the electric motor 1 (for example, rotation speed, operation frequency, current effective value, etc.) is input to the drive device 6 and transmitted to the communication network 11 via the remote IO board 8.
- the control device 12 collects operation data via the communication network 11.
- the operation data (for example, rotation speed, operation frequency, current, etc.) of the cooling fan 4 is transmitted to the communication network 11 via the remote IO board 9.
- the control device 12 collects these data via the communication network 11.
- the control device 12 for the motor cooling system 100 stores the collected operation data in, for example, the storage device 15 connected to the control device 12.
- the storage device 15 stores a program for controlling the operation of the control device 12, and can read and execute each step as necessary.
- the storage device 15 is connected to the control device 12 via a line different from the communication network 11, but is not limited thereto, and may be connected via the communication network 11.
- the temperature sensor 13 is provided in the winding of the electric motor 1.
- the temperature of the winding of the electric motor 1 is measured by the temperature sensor 13.
- the temperature information of the electric motor 1 collected by the temperature sensor 13 is transmitted to the control device 12 connected to the communication network 11 via the remote IO board 10 and the communication network 11.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a control device according to this embodiment.
- the control device 12 includes an RMS calculation unit 31, a flow rate calculation unit (first calculation unit) 32 based on the RMS current, and a flow rate calculation unit (second calculation unit) 34 based on the winding temperature. And a frequency calculation unit (third calculation unit) 33.
- the RMS calculation unit 31 receives data of the load current IM of the electric motor 1.
- the RMS calculator 31 calculates and outputs an effective value current (RMS current) IRMS of the load current IM based on the load current IM.
- RMS current effective value current
- the input of the flow rate calculation unit 32 based on the RMS current is connected to the output of the RMS calculation unit 31.
- the required flow rate Q1 of the refrigerant with respect to the RMS current IRMS is stored in advance in the storage device 15 as a table, for example.
- the flow rate calculator 32 outputs the required flow rate Q1 of the refrigerant based on the input RMS current IRMS.
- the required flow rate Q1 and the RMS current IRMS are large, it is considered that the heat generation of the motor 1 is large because the load of the motor 1 is heavy.
- the RMS current IRMS is small, the load of the electric motor 1 is light and the heat generation of the electric motor 1 is considered to be small. Therefore, the required flow rate Q1 has a large value as the RMS current IRMS increases.
- the flow rate calculation unit 32 based on the RMS current performs feedforward control for determining the required flow rate Q1 according to the actual load current IM and the heat generation of the electric motor 1.
- Deviation ⁇ T between the reference temperature Tref of the motor winding and the detected temperature Tm of the detected motor winding is input to the flow rate calculation unit 34 based on the winding temperature.
- an adder / subtractor 35 is used to determine the deviation ⁇ T.
- the flow rate calculation unit 34 based on the winding temperature calculates and outputs the required flow rate Q2 of the refrigerant based on the deviation ⁇ T from the reference temperature Tref of the winding.
- the required flow rate Q2 set according to the deviation ⁇ T is stored in advance in the flow rate calculation unit 34 based on the winding temperature.
- the flow rate calculator 34 sets the required flow rate Q2 large when the input deviation ⁇ T is large, and sets the required flow rate Q2 small when the deviation ⁇ T is small.
- the flow rate calculation unit 34 based on the winding temperature performs feedback control for determining the required flow rate Q2 so that the actual temperature of the electric motor 1 approaches the reference temperature Tref.
- the frequency calculation unit 33 sets a command value V for the rotational speed of the cooling fan 4 based on the required flow rates Q1 and Q2.
- a flow rate Q3 obtained by adding the required flow rates Q1 and Q2 by the adder 36 is input to the frequency calculation unit 33.
- the frequency calculation unit 33 stores in advance a command value V of the rotation speed of the cooling fan 4 with respect to the refrigerant flow rate Q3.
- the frequency calculation unit 33 outputs a command value V of the rotation speed of the cooling fan 4 according to the input flow rate Q3.
- the command value V output from the frequency calculation unit 33 is supplied as a speed command value to the driving device 7 for the cooling fan 4.
- the electric motor 5 for the cooling fan rotates at a rotation speed corresponding to the command value V. In this way, since the refrigerant flows at the necessary flow rate Q3, the electric motor 1 is appropriately cooled.
- the control device 12 described above includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or an MPU (Micro Processing Unit) that is connected to the control device 12 or operates according to a program stored in the built-in storage device 15.
- the control device 12 is a computer terminal including a CPU and the like.
- a part or all of the adder 36 is realized by program steps.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the control device 12. Below, operation
- step S ⁇ b> 1 the RMS calculation unit 31 takes in the load current IM data of the electric motor 1 and calculates the RMS current IRMS.
- step S2 the flow rate calculation unit 32 based on the RMS current calculates the required flow rate Q1 using the RMS current IRMS.
- the calculated required flow rate Q1 is temporarily stored in the storage device 15, for example.
- step S3 the adder / subtractor 35 obtains the detected temperature Tm of the motor winding from the temperature sensor 13, and calculates a deviation ⁇ T from a preset reference temperature Tref.
- step S4 the flow rate calculation unit 34 based on the winding temperature calculates the required flow rate Q2 using the deviation ⁇ T.
- the calculated required flow rate Q2 is temporarily stored in the storage device 15, for example.
- step S5 the adder 36 reads the required flow rates Q1 and Q2 stored in the storage device 15, respectively, adds the required flow rates Q1 and Q2, and finally calculates and outputs the required flow rate Q3.
- step S6 the frequency calculation unit 33 calculates the rotation speed of the cooling fan using the required flow rate Q3, and generates a speed command value corresponding to the calculated rotation speed.
- steps S1 and S2 Prior to steps S1 and S2, steps S3 and S4 may be executed, or these may be executed concurrently.
- the control device 12 of this embodiment the actual winding temperature Tm of the electric motor 1 is measured, and feedback control is performed so that the reference temperature Tref is set in advance. Therefore, since the required flow rate Q2 can be set continuously according to the winding temperature deviation ⁇ T, the flow rate can be set finely. That is, when the temperature deviation ⁇ T is small, the flow rate is set to a smaller value, the loss of the electric motor 5 and the driving device 7 that drive the cooling fan 4 can be reduced, and energy saving can be achieved. .
- the load current IM of the electric motor 1 and the winding temperature Tm of the electric motor 1 are measured independently, and control is performed using them as independent control variables. Therefore, even if an error occurs in the detected winding temperature Tm or an abnormality occurs in the transmission of temperature data, if the load current IM of the motor 1 is large, the flow rate calculation unit based on the current RMS Since the flow rate Q1 is appropriately set by 32, the cooling of the electric motor 1 will not be insufficient.
- the control device 12 uses the winding temperature Tm measured independently of the load current IM as the reference temperature. Feedback control is performed so as to match Tref. Therefore, heat generation due to an increase in the load current IM of the electric motor 1 is suppressed according to the flow rate Q2 calculated by the flow rate calculation unit 34 based on the winding temperature.
- the loss model of the motor and the model at the time of cooling are different for each product, and it is difficult to model in detail.
- the load current IM and the winding temperature Tm of the motor 1 are independently measured and controlled independently. Can be set.
- the flow rate calculation unit 32 based on the current RMS uses the feedforward control that detects the load current IM of the electric motor 1 and controls it to an appropriate value.
- the flow rate can be set to an appropriate value.
- the motor temperature is controlled to a constant temperature reference value that is equal to or lower than the maximum allowable temperature, and the motor cooling that can continue operation safely even when an error or abnormality occurs in the motor temperature sensor or the like.
- a control device can be realized.
Abstract
Description
なお、図面は模式的または概念的なものであり、各部分の厚みと幅との関係、部分間の大きさの比率などは、必ずしも現実のものと同一とは限らない。また、同じ部分を表す場合であっても、図面により互いの寸法や比率が異なって表される場合もある。
なお、本願明細書と各図において、既出の図に関して前述したものと同様の要素には、同一の符号を付して詳細な説明を適宜省略する。
電動機冷却システム100は、電動機1と、冷却器3と、冷却ファン4と、冷却ファン用の電動機5と、電動機1用の駆動装置6と、冷却ファン4用の駆動装置7と、電動機冷却システム100のための制御装置12と、温度センサ13と、を備える。
図3は、本実施形態に係る制御装置を例示するブロック図である。
図3に示すように、制御装置12は、RMS演算部31と、RMS電流に基づく流量演算部(第1演算部)32と、巻線温度に基づく流量演算部(第2演算部)34と、周波数演算部(第3演算部)33と、を備える。
本実施形態の制御装置12では、電動機1の実際の巻線温度Tmを計測し、あらかじめ設定した基準温度Trefとなるようにフィードバック制御を行う。そのため、巻線温度の偏差ΔTに応じて連続的に所要流量Q2を設定することができるので、きめ細かく流量設定することができる。つまり、温度の偏差ΔTが小さい場合には、流量は、より小さい値に設定され、冷却ファン4を駆動する電動機5および駆動装置7の損失をそれぞれ低減することができ、省エネルギー化が可能になる。
Claims (4)
- 電動機を冷却する冷媒の流れを駆動する冷却用の電動機を制御する制御装置であって、
前記電動機の負荷電流に基づいて、前記冷媒の第1流量を計算する第1演算部と、
前記電動機の巻線の温度に基づいて、前記冷媒の第2流量を計算する第2演算部と、
前記第1演算部および前記第2演算部の出力に基づいて、前記冷却用の電動機の回転数を設定する第3演算部と、
を備えた制御装置。 - 前記第1演算部は、前記負荷電流に基づいて前記電動機を駆動する電流の実効値を計算し、前記実効値に基づいて前記第1流量を設定する請求項1記載の制御装置。
- 前記第2演算部は、前記巻線の温度と、あらかじめ設定された基準温度との偏差を計算し、前記偏差が小さくなるように前記第2流量を設定する請求項1記載の制御装置。
- 前記第3演算部は、前記第1演算部の出力と前記第2演算部の出力とを加算して前記回転数を設定する請求項1記載の制御装置。
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KR1020197024633A KR102290819B1 (ko) | 2017-02-27 | 2017-02-27 | 제어 장치 |
JP2019501006A JP6690885B2 (ja) | 2017-02-27 | 2017-02-27 | 制御装置 |
CN201780087441.1A CN110326194B (zh) | 2017-02-27 | 2017-02-27 | 控制装置 |
PCT/JP2017/007500 WO2018154782A1 (ja) | 2017-02-27 | 2017-02-27 | 制御装置 |
TW106114471A TWI638513B (zh) | 2017-02-27 | 2017-05-02 | 控制裝置 |
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- 2017-02-27 JP JP2019501006A patent/JP6690885B2/ja active Active
- 2017-02-27 WO PCT/JP2017/007500 patent/WO2018154782A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2017-02-27 CN CN201780087441.1A patent/CN110326194B/zh active Active
- 2017-05-02 TW TW106114471A patent/TWI638513B/zh active
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JP2004180454A (ja) * | 2002-11-28 | 2004-06-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Plant Engineering Corp | モータ冷却制御システム |
JP2006325347A (ja) * | 2005-05-19 | 2006-11-30 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 電動機冷却手段の風量制御システム及び風量制御方法 |
JP2011041362A (ja) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-02-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Plant Engineering Corp | 電動機冷却制御システム |
US20110279074A1 (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2011-11-17 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Electric motor stator winding temperature estimation systems and methods |
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KR20190104623A (ko) | 2019-09-10 |
TW201832457A (zh) | 2018-09-01 |
JP6690885B2 (ja) | 2020-04-28 |
KR102290819B1 (ko) | 2021-08-17 |
CN110326194B (zh) | 2021-07-06 |
JPWO2018154782A1 (ja) | 2019-11-14 |
TWI638513B (zh) | 2018-10-11 |
CN110326194A (zh) | 2019-10-11 |
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