WO2018147385A1 - 皮膚色素沈着抑制剤 - Google Patents
皮膚色素沈着抑制剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018147385A1 WO2018147385A1 PCT/JP2018/004459 JP2018004459W WO2018147385A1 WO 2018147385 A1 WO2018147385 A1 WO 2018147385A1 JP 2018004459 W JP2018004459 W JP 2018004459W WO 2018147385 A1 WO2018147385 A1 WO 2018147385A1
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- nmn
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- pigmentation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/67—Vitamins
- A61K8/673—Vitamin B group
- A61K8/675—Vitamin B3 or vitamin B3 active, e.g. nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, nicotinyl aldehyde
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/60—Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K8/602—Glycosides, e.g. rutin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7042—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
- A61K31/7052—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides
- A61K31/706—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/60—Sugars; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/02—Preparations for care of the skin for chemically bleaching or whitening the skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
- A61K2800/91—Injection
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
- A61K2800/92—Oral administration
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a material for suppressing pigmentation in the skin, a skin pigmentation inhibitor containing the material as an active ingredient, and a method for suppressing pigmentation in the skin using the material.
- melanin When the skin is stimulated by UV irradiation, melanin is produced to protect the skin cells from UV rays.
- the produced melanin pigment absorbs ultraviolet rays, so that the penetration of ultraviolet rays into the skin is prevented.
- melanin is an important pigment for protecting skin cells.
- it when it is excessively produced, it is deposited on the skin and causes spots and freckles. Blemishes and freckles tend to be avoided from the viewpoint of beauty, consumers are highly interested in whitening agents, and active development of ingredients having a whitening action that suppresses the deposition of melanin on the skin is also active.
- nicotinic acid amide has the effect of suppressing the increase in melanocytes caused by ultraviolet irradiation, and it has been reported that by ingesting nicotinic acid amide, pigmentation can be prevented and deterioration of spots and freckles caused by ultraviolet irradiation can be suppressed.
- Patent Document 1 a description of Japanese Patent Application Laidification
- Nicotinamide mononucleotide is a biosynthetic intermediate metabolite of the coenzyme NAD + .
- NMN has an effect of improving insulin secretion ability in aging mice, and an effect of dramatically improving insulin sensitivity and secretion in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes caused by a high fat diet and aging (for example, Patent Documents). 2)), and has been reported to have an effect of significantly enhancing the mitochondrial function of aged muscles.
- administration of NMN is useful for improving and preventing symptoms of various diseases associated with aging such as obesity, increased blood lipid levels, decreased insulin sensitivity, decreased memory ability, and macular degeneration.
- cosmetics such as skin lotions containing NMN have little irritation to the skin, and prevent and improve rough skin (for example, see Patent Document 4) and collagen production promotion effects (for example, see Patent Document 5). .) Has also been reported.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a material that can be safely ingested and suppresses pigmentation in the skin.
- ⁇ -nicotinamide mononucleotide ⁇ -NMN
- ⁇ -NMN ⁇ -nicotinamide mononucleotide
- the present invention provides the following skin pigmentation inhibitor, health supplement, and method for inhibiting pigmentation in the skin.
- a skin pigmentation inhibitor characterized by comprising ⁇ -NMN or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof and a solvate thereof as active ingredients.
- the inhibitor of [1] which is administered orally.
- a health supplement that contains the inhibitor of [1] or [2] and is taken to suppress pigmentation in the skin.
- a method for suppressing pigmentation in the skin comprising ingesting the inhibitor of [1] or [2].
- the inhibitor of [1] which is administered transdermally.
- a cosmetic which contains the inhibitor of [1] or [5] and is brought into contact with the skin in order to suppress pigmentation in the skin.
- a method for suppressing pigmentation in the skin which comprises bringing the inhibitor of [1] or [5] into contact with the skin.
- the skin pigmentation inhibitor according to the present invention contains ⁇ -NMN originally present in the living body as an active ingredient, and can suppress pigmentation such as melanin in the skin caused by ultraviolet rays and other skin irritation. Therefore, the skin pigmentation inhibitor according to the present invention can be safely ingested without causing side effects, suppresses pigmentation in the skin, and is effective in preventing or improving skin stains related to the pigmentation. It is.
- FIG. 1 shows the amount of change ( ⁇ L value) in the L value at the ultraviolet irradiation site in Example 1 for each guinea pig in the group administered with ⁇ -NMN (NMN group) and the group administered with water for injection (control group). It is the shown graph.
- FIG. 2 shows a group in which only ⁇ -NMN was administered orally (NMN oral administration group), a group in which ⁇ -NMN was orally administered and administered orally (NMN transdermal & oral administration group), and a solvent in Example 2. It is the graph which showed the variation
- change_quantity ((DELTA) L value
- the skin pigmentation inhibitor (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “the pigmentation inhibitor of the present invention”) according to the present invention contains NMN (chemical formula: C 11 H 15 N 2 O 8 P) as an active ingredient.
- NMN chemical formula: C 11 H 15 N 2 O 8 P
- the pigmentation inhibitor of the present invention is used for the purpose of prevention or improvement of skin darkening, spots, freckles, etc. due to melanin pigmentation, and in particular, whitening that is taken for the purpose of prevention or improvement of pigmentation due to ultraviolet irradiation. It is suitable as an active ingredient of a composition for use.
- NMN has two types of optical isomers, ⁇ and ⁇ .
- NMN as an active ingredient of the pigmentation inhibitor of the present invention is ⁇ -NMN (CAS number: 1094-61-7).
- the structure of ⁇ -NMN is shown below.
- the ⁇ -NMN used as an active ingredient may be prepared by any method.
- an artificially synthesized ⁇ -NMN purified by a chemical synthesis method, an enzymatic method, a fermentation method or the like can be used as an active ingredient.
- ⁇ -NMN is a component widely present in living organisms
- ⁇ -NMN obtained by extraction and purification from natural raw materials such as animals, plants and microorganisms can also be used as an active ingredient.
- commercially available purified ⁇ -NMN may be used.
- ⁇ -NMN can be produced by reacting nicotinamide and L-ribose tetraacetate and phosphorylating the obtained nicotinamide mononucleoside.
- ⁇ -NMN can be produced from nicotinamide and 5'-phosphoribosyl-1'-pyrophosphate (PRPP) by nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT).
- PRPP 5'-phosphoribosyl-1'-pyrophosphate
- NAMPT nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase
- ⁇ -NMN can be produced from nicotinamide using the metabolic system of a microorganism expressing NAMPT.
- the active ingredient of the pigmentation inhibitor of the present invention may be a pharmacologically acceptable salt of ⁇ -NMN.
- the pharmacologically acceptable salt of ⁇ -NMN may be an inorganic acid salt or an organic acid salt having a basic site such as an amine.
- acids constituting such acid salts include acetic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, benzoic acid, camphorsulfonic acid, citric acid, ethenesulfonic acid, fumaric acid, gluconic acid, glutamic acid, hydrobromic acid, hydrochloric acid, and isethione.
- the pharmacologically acceptable salt of ⁇ -NMN may be an alkali salt or an organic salt having an acidic site such as a carboxylic acid.
- the base constituting such an acid salt include alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts, such as sodium hydride, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide.
- Zinc hydroxide ammonia, trimethylammonia, triethylammonia, ethylenediamine, lysine, arginine, ornithine, choline, N, N′-dibenzylethylenediamine, chloroprocaine, procaine, diethanolamine, N-benzylphenethylamine, diethylamine, piperazine, tris ( And those derived from bases such as hydroxymethyl) -aminomethane, tetramethylammonium hydroxide, and the like.
- free ⁇ -NMN or a pharmacologically acceptable salt solvate of ⁇ -NMN may be used as an active ingredient of the pigmentation inhibitor of the present invention.
- the solvent that forms the solvate include water and ethanol.
- the pigmentation inhibitor of the present invention may contain other active ingredients in addition to ⁇ -NMN.
- the other active ingredient is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the pigmentation inhibitory effect of ⁇ -NMN.
- the other active ingredients include other pigmentation-inhibiting substances other than ⁇ -NMN, and functional materials having an action other than the pigmentation-inhibiting action.
- examples of other pigmentation-inhibiting substances other than ⁇ -NMN include nicotinamide, ascorbic acid, kojic acid, arbutin, cysteine, vitamin E, ellagic acid, tranexamic acid, linoleic acid, and placenta extract.
- Examples of the functional material having an action other than the pigmentation inhibitory action include, for example, taurine, glutathione, carnitine, creatine, coenzyme Q, glucuronic acid, glucuronolactone, red pepper extract, ginger extract, cacao extract, guarana extract, garcinia
- Examples include extracts, theanine, ⁇ -aminobutyric acid, capsaicin, capsiate, various organic acids, flavonoids, polyphenols, catechins, xanthine derivatives, resistant oligosaccharides such as fructo-oligosaccharides, and polyvinylpyrrolidone.
- the pigmentation inhibitor of the present invention may be composed of only active ingredients or may contain other ingredients.
- the pigmentation inhibitor of the present invention can be formulated into various dosage forms by combining an active ingredient with a non-toxic pharmaceutical carrier and using conventional means for preparation.
- examples of the oral administration include solid agents such as tablets, granules, powders, capsules and soft capsules; solutions such as solutions, suspensions and emulsions; Examples include lyophilized preparations.
- parenteral administration agents include injections, suppositories, transdermal absorption agents, inhalants, nasal agents, enteral agents, and the like.
- the dosage form of these parenteral administration agents is not particularly limited, and various commonly used dosage forms can be used.
- a transdermal absorption agent a liquid agent, a gel agent, an ointment, a spray agent and the like are preferable.
- non-toxic pharmaceutical carriers and auxiliaries used for pharmaceutical preparation include, for example, sugars such as glucose, lactose, sucrose, fructose, and reduced maltose in the case of oral administration and injection; starch, hydroxyethyl starch, dextrin , ⁇ -cyclodextrin, crystalline cellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose and other carbohydrates; sugar alcohols such as mannitol, erythritol, sorbitol and xylitol; esters such as fatty acid glycerides and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters; polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, amino acids, Examples include albumin, casein, silicon dioxide, water, and physiological saline.
- sugars such as glucose, lactose, sucrose, fructose, and reduced maltose in the case of oral administration and injection
- starch hydroxyethyl starch, dextrin , ⁇ -cyclodextrin, crystalline cellulose
- a stabilizer In the preparation of the pigmentation inhibitor of the present invention, a stabilizer, a lubricant, a wetting agent, an emulsifier, a suspending agent, a binder, a disintegrant, a solvent, and a solubilizing agent are used as necessary in the preparation.
- Conventional additives such as buffering agents, tonicity agents, preservatives, flavoring agents, and coloring agents can be appropriately added.
- non-toxic pharmaceutical carrier / auxiliary used for formulation used in the case of a transdermal administration agent components usually used for a transdermal agent or a skin external preparation, such as liquid oil, solid oil, wax, Hydrocarbon oils such as liquid paraffin, squalene and petrolatum, higher fatty acids, higher alcohols, esters, silicones, various surfactants (anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants), moisturizing Agent, water-soluble polymer, thickener, film agent, ultraviolet absorber, sequestering agent, lower alcohol, polyhydric alcohol, sugar, amino acid, polymer emulsion, pH adjuster, vitamin, antioxidant, fragrance, Water etc. are mentioned.
- the pigmentation inhibitor of the present invention is preferably administered to humans or animals other than humans.
- animals other than humans include mammals such as cows, pigs, horses, sheep, goats, donkeys, monkeys, dogs, cats, rabbits, mice, rats, hamsters, and guinea pigs.
- the pigmentation inhibitor of the present invention is preferably administered / ingested to humans, domestic animals, laboratory animals, and pets, and more preferably administered / ingested to humans.
- the administration / intake amount of the pigmentation inhibitor of the present invention is appropriately selected / determined according to the species, age, weight, skin condition, symptom, degree of disease, administration schedule, formulation form, etc. of the animal to be administered. .
- the daily dose per adult is 0.1 mg to 50 g, preferably 0.5 mg to 35 g, more preferably 10 mg to 25 g, even more preferably, as the amount of ⁇ -NMN.
- the daily dose per cm 2 of adult skin is 0.01 to 10 mg, preferably 0.02 to 5 mg, more preferably 0.05 to 1 mg as the amount of ⁇ -NMN.
- the skin can be contacted (applied, sprayed, dipped, etc.) once or several times.
- ⁇ -NMN is a biological component and a component contained in food, so it is highly safe and suitable for long-term continuous intake. Therefore, the pigmentation inhibitor of the present invention is used as an active ingredient in health supplements that are ingested to suppress pigmentation in the skin and cosmetics that are in contact with the skin in order to suppress pigmentation in the skin. be able to.
- the health supplement is a food or drink for supplementing nutrition for the purpose of maintaining or improving the health condition, and includes food for specified health use, functional nutritional food, and health food.
- the health supplement according to the present invention is prepared by adding a suitable auxiliary agent to ⁇ -NMN and the like, and then using a conventional means, in a form suitable for food, for example, powder, granule, granule, tablet, capsule It can be produced by forming into a soft capsule, paste or the like.
- the health supplement according to the present invention may be used for food as it is, or may be used for food in a state mixed with various foods and beverages.
- a powdered health supplement can be ingested in a state of being dissolved or dispersed in a beverage such as water, alcoholic beverages, fruit juice, milk, or soft drink.
- the feed according to the present invention may be ingested by the animal as it is, or may be ingested by the animal in a state mixed with other solid feed or drinking water.
- the health supplement according to the present invention can contain other food materials and various additives.
- food materials include vitamins, sugars, proteins, lipids, dietary fibers, fruit juices, and the like.
- vitamin B group such as vitamin B 1 derivative, vitamin B 2 , vitamin B 6 , vitamin B 12 , vitamin B 13 , biotin, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid, folic acid; vitamin E, vitamin D or its Derivatives, vitamin K 1 , vitamin K 2 , fat-soluble vitamins such as ⁇ -carotene; minerals such as calcium, potassium, iron, zinc; yeast, L-carnitine, creatine, ⁇ -lipoic acid, glutathione, glucuronic acid, taurine, collagen , Soy isoflavone, lecithin, peptide, amino acid, ⁇ -aminobutyric acid, diacylglycerol, DHA, EPA, capsaicin, chondroitin sulfate, agaricus extract,
- the cosmetic composition according to the present invention is usually added to ⁇ -NMN or the like by adding an appropriate component to the cosmetic product, and using a conventional means, a form suitable as a cosmetic product, for example, lotion, emulsion, gel, cream, spray It can manufacture by making it the form of etc. Further, the cosmetic containing ⁇ -NMN may be impregnated with cotton, nonwoven fabric, cloth, or the like.
- components added to the cosmetic according to the present invention include humectants, thickeners, various surfactants, liquid fats and oils, solid fats and oils, chelating agents, lower alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, sugars, amino acids, and polymers.
- Emulsions, pH adjusters, antioxidants, preservatives, thickeners, ultraviolet absorbers, fragrances, pigments and the like can be mentioned.
- the cosmetics according to the present invention are usually materials that are blended as active ingredients in cosmetics, for example, vitamin C and its derivatives, various vitamins such as vitamin B group, vitamin E and its derivatives, cysteine, tyrosinase, hydroquinone, Arbutin, placenta, tranexamic acid, retinoic acid, kojic acid, lucinol, ellagic acid, fullerene, coenzyme Q 10 , astaxanthin and the like can be added and blended.
- Brown guinea pigs (Kwl: A-1 strain, supplied from Kiwa Laboratory Animal Research Co., Ltd.) used in the subsequent experiments were bred in an SPF environment throughout the entire experiment. It is known that brown guinea pigs of the Kwl: A-1 line cause pigmentation when irradiated with ultraviolet rays, as in humans. During the whole experiment period, solid feed (LRC4, manufactured by Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd.) and drinking water were freely ingested.
- LRC4 manufactured by Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd.
- the brown guinea pig was irradiated with ultraviolet rays as follows. First, brown guinea pigs were fixed to the abdominal position without anesthesia on a fixing plate, the back skin was shaved with an electric clipper, and shaved with an electric shaver. In the shaved area of the back skin, a region corresponding to the ultraviolet irradiation site was cut out by sticking a binding tape to an adhesive cloth elastic bandage (Elastopore No. 50, manufactured by Nichiban Co., Ltd.) at a site other than the ultraviolet irradiation site.
- an adhesive cloth elastic bandage Elastopore No. 50, manufactured by Nichiban Co., Ltd.
- UVB ultraviolet rays
- the minimum amount of brown guinea pig erythema (the shortest UV irradiation time at which erythema occurs on the skin) was measured as follows. First, on the back skin of one brown guinea pig, 6 squares of 2cm x 2cm square UV irradiation sites were provided, symmetrically across the back midline, and UV irradiation was performed according to the UV irradiation method described above. Went. The irradiation time was 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 minutes, and the skin reaction at the irradiated site was observed on the next day according to the following evaluation criteria.
- Example 1 Brown guinea pigs were used to examine the effect of ⁇ -NMN on UV-induced pigmentation.
- ⁇ -NMN administering ⁇ -NMN
- NMN group a group to which ⁇ -NMN was administered
- control group a group to which water for injection was administered
- the day of this grouping was defined as day 0 of administration, and ⁇ -NMN solution or injection solution was orally administered to each group of guinea pigs once a day for 42 days from the next day.
- the ⁇ -NMN solution was administered so that the dose per body weight of ⁇ -NMN was 500 mg / kg.
- Guinea pigs in each group were irradiated with ultraviolet rays 15 days after the administration of ⁇ -NMN (injection water in the control group) (first irradiation day) and 3 days in total, 2 days and 4 days later. Irradiation of guinea pigs with ultraviolet rays was performed as described above, except that the irradiating portion was shaved the day before the ultraviolet irradiation, and the ultraviolet irradiation site was a square region of 2 cm ⁇ 2 cm on either side of the guinea pig back midline. It carried out according to the ultraviolet irradiation method. The irradiation time was the minimum amount of erythema (12 minutes 15 seconds). On the day of ultraviolet irradiation, ⁇ -NMN was administered after ultraviolet irradiation.
- the L value (brightness) of the skin of each guinea pig was irradiated with ultraviolet rays at 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days after the first irradiation day. Measured.
- the measurement site was a total of 5 sites, the center of the irradiation site and 4 corners on the diagonal, and the average value was taken as the L value of each individual.
- the L value measurement was performed before the ultraviolet irradiation on the first irradiation day, 14 days and 21 days later, and in the morning 28 days after the first irradiation day.
- Each guinea pig was shaved with an electric clipper and an electric shaver every 3 days or every 4 days from the first administration day. Moreover, on the L value measurement day, the ultraviolet irradiation site
- the ⁇ L values in the measurement results of each group are shown in FIG. 1, and the measurement results of body weight are shown in Table 2. As a result, there was not much difference in body weight in both groups.
- the ⁇ L value of the ultraviolet irradiation site was smaller in the NMN group than in the control group. More specifically, the ⁇ L value of the control group is 9.47 on the 14th day after the first irradiation, 11.71 on the 21st day after the first irradiation, and 12.01 on the 28th day after the first irradiation. The ⁇ L value suddenly decreased from the day and pigmentation progressed.
- the ⁇ L value of the NMN group was 8.28 on the 14th day after the first irradiation, 8.99 on the 21st day after the first irradiation, and 9.55 on the 28th day after the first irradiation, and pigmentation was suppressed as compared with the control group. It was. From these results, it was confirmed that pigmentation due to ultraviolet irradiation can be suppressed by ingesting ⁇ -NMN.
- Example 2 Brown guinea pigs were used to examine the effect of ⁇ -NMN on UV-induced pigmentation.
- Ethanol (lot number: DSM5187, manufactured by Wako Chemical Co., Ltd.), 1,3-butanediol (lot number: TWQ6672, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), water for injection (lot number: K5F71, manufactured by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory Co., Ltd.) 1: Mixing was performed at a ratio of 1: 8 (volume ratio), and this was used as a solvent. A solution in which ⁇ -NMN was dissolved in this solvent at a concentration of 0.5% by mass was used as a ⁇ -NMN-containing external preparation.
- the site to which the ⁇ -NMN-containing external preparation or solvent was applied was set in advance and applied to the same site every time.
- the day on which this grouping was performed was defined as day 0, and the ⁇ -NMN solution was orally administered to each group of guinea pigs once a day for 42 days from the next day, and a solvent or ⁇ -NMN-containing external preparation was further administered.
- Dermal administration In the case of oral administration, the ⁇ -NMN solution is administered so that the dose of ⁇ -NMN per body weight is 500 mg / kg, and in the case of transdermal administration, ⁇ -NMN is contained per application site. 0.05 mL of external preparation or solvent was applied.
- UV irradiation Each group of guinea pigs was irradiated with ultraviolet rays 15 days after the start of administration (the first irradiation day), 2 days later and 4 days later for a total of 3 times. Guinea pigs were irradiated with ultraviolet rays in the same manner as in Example 1. The irradiation time was the minimum amount of erythema (12 minutes 15 seconds). On the day of ultraviolet irradiation, administration of ⁇ -NMN-containing external preparation or solvent was performed after ultraviolet irradiation.
- Example 1 On the first irradiation day and 28 days after the first irradiation day, the L value (lightness) of the skin of each guinea pig at the ultraviolet irradiation site was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. L value measurement was performed before ultraviolet irradiation on the first irradiation day, and in the morning 28 days after the first irradiation day. Each guinea pig was shaved in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the ⁇ L values in the measurement results of each group are shown in FIG.
- the ⁇ L value at the ultraviolet irradiation site was smaller than that in the control group.
- the ⁇ L value at the ultraviolet irradiation site was smaller in the NMN transdermal & oral administration group than in the NMN oral administration group.
- the ⁇ L value of the control group was 8.07
- the ⁇ L value of the NMN oral administration group was 6.01
- the ⁇ L value of the NMN transdermal & oral administration group was 5.20.
- pigmentation was suppressed by orally administering NMN, and pigmentation was further suppressed by adding transdermal administration to oral administration as compared with oral administration alone. From these results, it was confirmed that pigmentation due to ultraviolet irradiation can be further suppressed by applying ⁇ -NMN to the skin surface in addition to ingestion.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2017年2月8日に日本に出願された特願2017-020921号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
[1] β-NMN又はその薬理学的に許容される塩、並びにそれらの溶媒和物を有効成分とすることを特徴とする、皮膚色素沈着抑制剤。
[2] 経口投与される、前記[1]の抑制剤。
[3] 前記[1]又は[2]の抑制剤を含有し、皮膚における色素沈着を抑制するために摂取される、健康補助食品。
[4] 前記[1]又は[2]の抑制剤を摂取することからなる、皮膚における色素沈着を抑制する方法。
[5] 経皮投与される、前記[1]の抑制剤。
[6] 前記[1]又は[5]の抑制剤を含有し、皮膚における色素沈着を抑制するために皮膚に接触される、化粧料。
[7] 前記[1]又は[5]の抑制剤を皮膚に接触させることからなる、皮膚における色素沈着を抑制する方法。
以降の実験に用いた褐色モルモット(Kwl:A-1系統、株式会社紀和実験動物研究所から供給)は、全実験期間中を通して、SPF環境下で飼育した。なお、Kwl:A-1系統の褐色モルモットは、ヒトと同様に、紫外線照射により色素沈着が生じることが知られている。
全実験期間中、固型飼料(LRC4、オリエンタル酵母工業社製)と飲料水は、自由摂取させた。
褐色モルモットへの紫外線照射は以下の通りに行った。
まず、褐色モルモットを固定板に無麻酔で腹位に固定し、背部皮膚を電気バリカンで剪毛し、電気シェーバーで剃毛した。背部皮膚の剃毛した領域のうち、紫外線照射部位以外の部位に、粘着性布伸縮包帯(エラストポア No.50、ニチバン社製)に製本用テープを貼って紫外線照射部位に相当する領域を切り抜いたものを貼り、紫外線照射部位以外の領域を遮光した。また、当該モルモットの眼も、リント布を粘着性布伸縮包帯を用いて貼付することによって紫外線を遮光した。その後、紫外線照射装置(Y-798-II、オリオン電機社製)に取り付けたSEランプ(波長250~350nm、FL20S・E、東芝社製)5本を用いて40cmの距離から紫外線(UVB)照射を行った。
褐色モルモットの最小紅斑量(皮膚に紅斑が生じる最短の紫外線照射時間)は、以下の通りにして測定した。
まず、1匹の褐色モルモットの背部皮膚に、背部正中線を挟んで左右対称に、2cm×2cmの正方形の紫外線照射部位を各3ヵ所の計6ヵ所設け、前記の紫外線照射方法通りに紫外線照射を行った。照射時間は8、10、12、14、16、18分間とし、翌日、以下評価基準に従い照射部位の皮膚反応を観察した。
次に、別の1匹の褐色モルモットを用いて、皮膚反応がみられた最短時間と皮膚反応がみられなかった最長時間の間をさらに15秒間隔(前記褐色モルモットと同じ方法で照射部位を8ヵ所設けた。)に照射時間を設定し、同様に皮膚反応を観察し、皮膚反応がみられた最短時間を最小紅斑量とした。この結果、最小紅斑量は12分15秒間であった。
経口投与は、β-NMN(オリエンタル酵母工業社製)を注射用水(大塚製薬工場社製)に溶解させた溶液を、カテーテル(栄養カテーテル、ジェーエムエス社製)を取り付けたポリプロピレン製ディスポーサブル注射筒(テルモ社製)を用いて、強制経口投与した。なお、投与時は、タッチミキサーを用いて撹拌し、β-NMN溶液が沈殿していないことを確認した。投与量は、投与日又は投与日に近い日の体重値より算出し、5mL/kgとした。
褐色モルモットを用いて、紫外線誘発による色素沈着に対するβ-NMNの効果を調べた。
具体的には、まず、褐色モルモットを6匹ずつ、β-NMNを投与する群(NMN群)と注射用水を投与する群(対照群)とに分けた。この群分けを行った日を投与0日とし、この翌日から1日1回、42日間、各群のモルモットに対してβ-NMN溶液又は注射用液を経口投与した。β-NMN溶液は、β-NMNの体重当たりの投与量が500mg/kgとなるように投与した。
各群のモルモットに対して、β-NMN(対照群では注射用水)の投与後15日(初回照射日)と、その2日後及び4日後の計3回、紫外線照射を行った。モルモットへの紫外線照射は、紫外線照射の前日に剃毛したこと、紫外線照射部位を、モルモット背部正中線を挟んだ左右のいずれか1箇所の2cm×2cmの正方形の領域とした以外は、前記の紫外線照射方法通りに行った。照射時間は最小紅斑量(12分15秒間)とした。なお、紫外線照射日には、紫外線照射後にβ-NMNの投与を行った。
初回照射日と、初回照射日から14日後、21日後、及び28日後に、各モルモットの紫外線照射部位の皮膚のL値(明度)を、色彩色差計(CR-300、ミノルタ社製)を用いて測定した。測定部位は、照射部位の中心と、対角線上の角4ヵ所の計5ヵ所とし、その平均値を各個体のL値とした。L値測定は、初回照射日とその14日後と21日後では紫外線照射前に実施し、初回照射日から28日後には午前中に実施した。
なお、各モルモットは、初回投与日から3日おき又は4日おきに紫外線照射部位を電気バリカンと電気シェーバーで剃毛した。また、L値測定日には、測定前に、紫外線照射部位を電気バリカンと電気シェーバーで剃毛した。
各群のうち1例について、L値の測定後にデジタルカメラを用いて写真撮影を行った。
各モルモットに対して、初回投与日から1週間に1回、午前中に体重を電子天秤にて測定した。なお、紫外線照射日には照射前に、β-NMN投与日は投与前に行った。
各群の測定結果におけるΔL値を図1に、体重の測定結果を表2に、それぞれ示す。この結果、両群とも体重にはさほど違いはなかった。これに対して、NMN群では対照群に比べて紫外線照射部位のΔL値が小さいことが確認された。より詳細には、対照群のΔL値は、初回照射後14日で9.47、初回照射後21日で11.71、初回照射後28日で12.01となり、紫外線照射により初回照射後14日から急激にΔL値が低下し、色素沈着が進行した。NMN群のΔL値は、初回照射後14日で8.28、初回照射後21日で8.99、初回照射後28日で9.55となり、対照群に比して色素沈着が抑制されていた。これらの結果から、β-NMNを経口摂取することにより、紫外線照射による色素沈着を抑制できることが確認された。
褐色モルモットを用いて、紫外線誘発による色素沈着に対するβ-NMNの効果を調べた。
エタノール(ロット番号:DSM5187、ワコーケミカル社製)、1,3-ブタンジオール(ロット番号:TWQ6672、和光純薬工業社製)、注射用水(ロット番号:K5F71、大塚製薬工場社製)を1:1:8(容量比)の割合で混合し、これを溶媒とした。この溶媒に、β-NMNを0.5質量%の濃度に溶解した溶液を、β-NMN含有外用剤とした。
具体的には、まず、褐色モルモットを6匹ずつ、β-NMNを経口投与する群と経口投与を実施しない群に分けた。β-NMNを経口投与する群では、実施例1と同じβ-NMN溶液を経口投与し、かつ各個体の塗布部位を分けることで、外用剤の溶媒のみを経皮投与する群(NMN経口投与群)、β-NMN含有外用剤を経皮投与する群(NMN経皮&経口投与群)に分けた。また、経口投与を実施しない群は、外用剤の溶媒のみを経皮投与する群(対照群)とした。経皮投与の際、β-NMN含有外用剤又は溶媒を塗布する部位は、予め設定しておき、毎回同じ部位に塗布した。この群分けを行った日を投与0日とし、この翌日から1日1回、42日間、各群のモルモットに対してβ-NMN溶液を経口投与し、さらに溶媒又はβ-NMN含有外用剤を経皮投与した。経口投与の場合には、β-NMN溶液を、体重当たりのβ-NMNの投与量が500mg/kgとなるように投与し、経皮投与の場合には、塗布部位1カ所当たりβ-NMN含有外用剤又は溶媒を0.05mL塗布した。
各群のモルモットに対して、投与開始後15日(初回照射日)と、その2日後及び4日後の計3回、紫外線照射を行った。モルモットへの紫外線照射は、実施例1と同様にして行った。照射時間は最小紅斑量(12分15秒間)とした。なお、紫外線照射日には、紫外線照射後にβ-NMN含有外用剤又は溶媒の投与を行った。
初回照射日と、初回照射日から28日後に、各モルモットの紫外線照射部位の皮膚のL値(明度)を、実施例1と同様にして測定した。L値測定は、初回照射日では紫外線照射前に実施し、初回照射日から28日後には午前中に実施した。
なお、各モルモットは、実施例1と同様にして剃毛した。
各群のうち1例について、L値の測定後にデジタルカメラを用いて写真撮影を行った。
各群の測定結果におけるΔL値を図2に示す。NMN経口投与群及びNMN経皮&経口投与群では対照群に比べて紫外線照射部位のΔL値が小さいことが確認された。また、さらにNMN経皮&経口投与群ではNMN経口投与群に比べて紫外線照射部位のΔL値が小さいことが確認された。より詳細には、対照群のΔL値は8.07、NMN経口投与群のΔL値は6.01、NMN経皮&経口投与群のΔL値は5.20となった。対照群に比して、NMNを経口投与することにより色素沈着が抑制されており、経口投与に経皮投与も加えることによって経口投与のみの場合よりもより一層色素沈着が抑制されていた。これらの結果から、β-NMNを経口摂取することに加え、皮膚表面に塗布することにより、紫外線照射による色素沈着をさらに抑制できることが確認された。
Claims (4)
- β-ニコチンアミドモノヌクレオチド又はその薬理学的に許容される塩、並びにそれらの溶媒和物を有効成分とすることを特徴とする、皮膚色素沈着抑制剤。
- 経口投与される、請求項1に記載の抑制剤。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の抑制剤を含有し、皮膚における色素沈着を抑制するために摂取される、健康補助食品。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の抑制剤を摂取することからなる、皮膚における色素沈着を抑制する方法。
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